Name _______________________________ Date ________________________ Act 2.4
Challenge of Co-existence
7.1.2
7.1.3.5
7.1.3.6
Appreciate the challenges of co-existence among peoples
How was European imperialism responsible for the
development of Acadia, New France and British settlements?
Who were the key figures in the French exploration and
settlement of North America?
French Explorers in Canada
1524
Giovanni da Verrazano sent by Henri II, King of France to discover if
lands claimed by Caboto (England) and lands claimed by Columbus
(Spain) were connected.
1534
Jacques Cartier sent by France to find a passage to Asia and to discover
and claim certain lands where it was believed a great quantity of gold
could be found.
June 24th, Cartier makes first contact with the Mi'kmaq.
July 6th, Cartier makes contact with the Stadacona and places a cross on
Gaspé Peninsula claiming Canada for France.
1535
On a second voyage, Cartier crew suffers scurvy and the Stadacona offer a
cure for the ailment
1536
Cartier kidnaps five Stadacona; Chief Donnacona and sons were part of
the five. All five later die due to a lack of immunity to European
diseases
1541
Cartier's third and final voyage was to set up a colony in Canada.
1603
Samuel de Champlain retraces Cartier's voyages
1604
An expedition the includes Champlain sets up the first French Colony in
North America at Port-Royal in Acadia
1608
Champlain establishes the settlement of Quebec. Sieur De Monts gets a
one year deal to trade furs with First Nations to minimize his costs for the
continued search for a passage to the Far East. De Monts will use First
Nation guides on his exploration.
The Stadacona have now disappeared, Cartier indicated that they were in conflict
with another First Nation Society, likely the Haudenosaunee. Another likely cause
for the Stadacona disappearance could be the European disease of smallpox.
Name _______________________________ Date ________________________ Act 2.4
1. In one or two sentences respond to the following question: In what
ways did contact with First Nations benefit European Imperialism?
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2. Answer the following in proper paragraph form or create a figurative
representation in response to the following question: Is it fair to say
that ethnocentrism was present in early French exploration of Canada?
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Name _______________________________ Date ________________________ Act 2.4
Ethnocentrism in Early French Exploration
Early French exploration of Canada was characterized by its
ethnocentrism. One way ethnocentrism was present in early French
exploration of Canada was through the actions of Jacques Cartier.
For example, Cartier was sent by the King of France to claim new
lands; he did so when he put up a cross on the Gaspe Peninsula.
Another example of Cartier’s ethnocentric ways occurred when he
decided to kidnap 5 Stadacona, including the chief and his sons
just to parade them around for the King’s amusement. Another
way ethnocentrism was present in early French exploration of
Canada was through the actions of Samuel De Champlain. For
instance, Champlain sets up the first French colony in Mi’kmaq
territory at Port Royal without consulting the Mi’kmaq. Another
instance of his ethnocentric attitude occurs when he later sets up
the Quebec colony without consultation. Accordingly, the
ethnocentric attitude of France may be why European explorers
may be considered invaders by some First Nations.