Name:
………………………….
Class:
Grade 9
Subject:
Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Esterfication.
Objective: To distinguish between aliphatic & aromatic hydrocarbons
To identify alcohol & carboxylic acid families.
Worksheet (6.1)
Consider the following hydrocarbons:
Indicate whether the compounds represented below are aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbons. Justify.
(I)
( II )
(III )
( IV )
Give the IUPAC name of each one.
During a laboratory session, the teacher carried out an experiment that aims to show the action of
acid-base indicators on alcohols.
The following observations were recorded:
Sodium hydroxide
Ethanol
Red litmus paper
Color before
Color after
red
blue
red
red
Knowing that a base in solution changes the color of the red litmus into blue, and that basic
solutions have a pH greater than 7, the higher the value of pH the more basic is the solution.
Refer to the above observations, classify sodium hydroxide NaOH and ethanol CH3 CH2OH as basic
solutions or not.
Predict the pH range of sodium hydroxide and ethanol.
Compare the type of bond in case of ethanol and in case of sodium hydroxide
Explain why ethanol is not a basic solution.
Consider the experiments which are represented below:
(a)
(b)
(c)
Indicate which apparatus contains an electrolyte and which contains a non-electrolyte.
The lamp lights on in apparatus (a) and (c). Justify.
Explain why the lamp does not light on in apparatus (b).
Give the name of the following compounds.
Worksheet in Chemistry / Prepared by: T. Wissam Abdallah
CH3CH2CH2CH2OH
CH3CH2COOH
C6H6
Propanol is a good solvent; it is used to dissolve greasy substances.
Draw the structural formulas of propanol and give its molecular formula.
Indicate the functional group and give its name.
Pentanoic acid also known as valaric acid, which is a carboxylic acid.
Draw the structural formula of valaric acid.
Indicate the functional group and give its name.
Consider the following acids: CH3COOH
HNO3
C2H5COOH
H2SO4
Classify the above acids as organic acids or inorganic acids and give the name of each one.
Pick up the carboxylic acids. Justify.
Indicate which of the above acids is of animal or plant origin and which is derived from minerals in the
ground.
Consider the following compounds:
Ethene
Ethanol
Ethanoic acid
Give the structural formula of each one.
Indicate the functional group and the class of compounds each one belong.
Consider the reaction between ethanol and ethanoic acid.
Give the name of the reaction-taking place.
Write down the word equation of this reaction.
Ethanol is industrially prepared by the hydration of ethene.
Write, using structural formula for the organic compounds, the equation of hydration reaction, and
mention the catalyst used.
Consider the following organic compounds: propene , propanol,
Give the condensed structural formula of each one.
Indicate the functional group and the family of each compound.
propanoic acid
Consider the reaction between propanol and propanoic acid.
Give the name of the reaction taking place.
Write down the word equation of this reaction.
2-Propanol is prepared by the addition of substance X to propene.
Identify substance X.
Write the equation of the reaction taking place.
Indicate the type and the name of this reaction.
Some synthetic flavorings are made by reacting an alcohol with a carboxylic acid. Using different
alcohols and carboxylic acids, various compounds are formed, that differ in their fragrances.
For
example: 2-propanol reacts with propanoic acid to give a compound (E) and water. Compound (E)
is widely used as flavoring agent in many foods.
Identify the class of compound (E) and write the equation of the reaction.
Write the condensed structural formulas of 2- porpanol and propanoic acid and circle their functional
groups.
Worksheet in Chemistry / Prepared by: T. Wissam Abdallah
An alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid to give a class of compounds (A) and water. This class of
compounds is responsible for the odor and taste of many fruits and flowers and is widely used as
flavoring agents in many foods.
Write the word equation of the reaction.
Give the general name given to this reaction.
Write the general formula of a primary mono alcohol and that of a mono-carboxylic acid.
Animal fats and vegetable oils are natural esters. When fats (oils) are heated with a strong base
saponificaton reaction occurs, soap is produced accompanied with glycerol.
Name the substances used for soap making.
Write the word equation for the reaction taking place.
Bases are an important group of chemical compounds. Many household products contain bases.
Compounds that can produce hydroxide ions HO- in aqueous solutions are classified as bases.
A
base, when dissolved in water, ionizez to produce HO (aq) hydroxide ion and a positive ion.
A
base in solution changes the color of the red litmus into blue, and phenolphthalein into pink. Basic
solutions have a pH greater than 7, the higher the value of pH the more basic is the solution.
Worksheet in Chemistry / Prepared by: T. Wissam Abdallah