國立成功大學教育研究所１０３學年度博士班入學考試試題
科目：教育研究法
筆試時間：103年4月26日13:20～15:00
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This part of the examination contains 10 multiple choice questions.
Each question is worth 5 points.
Mark all applicable responses for each question.
1. (5 Points) Which of the following are not common characteristics of an experiment:
(a) it relies on the collection of quantitative data
(b) it can draw conclusions on cause and effect among treatments and outcomes
(c) it uses deductive and inductive scientific methods
(d) it rarely is conducted in a controlled setting or environment
2. (5 points) Which of the following includes examples of categorical variables?
(a) age, temperature, income, height
(b) education level, anxiety level, reading performance
(c) gender, religion, ethnic group
(d) all of the above
3. (5 points) A researcher investigates academic achievement by children in
poorly funded elementary schools. She posits parent involvement as an
important variable. She believes that parent involvement has an impact on children
by increasing their motivation to do school work. Thus, greater parent involvement
leads to higher student motivation, which in turn creates higher student achievement.
Student motivation is what kind of variable in her study?
(a) Manipulated variable
(b) Extraneous variable
(c) Confounding variable
(d) Intervening variable
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4. (5 points) A school district examines a program that uses mentors to help very poor
readers improve their reading performance. The duration of the mentoring program is for
one academic term. The children in the program are at or below the 3th percentile at
pretest. At post-test they are around the 15th percentile.
While it is possible that the program made the difference, other reasons for the
change in reading performance could be:
(a) Maturation effect
(b) Regression effect
(c) Multiple-treatment interference
(d) Selection bias
5. (5 points) The p-value obtained from significance testing could be used
to assess how strong a relationship is.
For example, if comparing mean reading performance between a sample of
males and females yields a p-value of 0.049 while comparing mean mathematics
performance between the same sample of males and female yields a p-value of 0.011,
then one can conclude that gender and mathematics performance is more strongly
related than that for gender and reading performance.
6.(5 points) Concerning authorship in publication of educational research articles,
intellectual ownership should primarily be ranked by:
(a) Time and effort spent
(b) Creative contribution
(c) Professional position or seniority
(d) Sources of funding for the study
7. (5 points) Which of the following statements describe an interaction effect?
(a) The effect of one independent variable on an outcome variable depends on
the level of another independent variable
(b) The joint effect of two independent variables on a dependent variable is additive
(c) Sequential effect that occurs from the order in which the treatment conditions are
administered
(d) The effect of one independent variable on the dependent variable is nonlinear
8. (5 points) An education researcher develops a test of creativity.
Which of the following represent convergent and discriminant evidence?
(a) The test correlates highly with another test of creativity and is uncorrelated
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with intelligence tests
(b) The test correlates with highly with another test of creativity and is
highly correlated with intelligence tests
(c) The test does not correlate with another test of creativity, but does
correlate with intelligence tests
(d) The test does not correlate with other tests of creativity nor with intelligence tests
9. (5 points) When evaluating tests and assessments, reliability refers to which of
the following questions?
(a) Do they measure what they are supposed to measure?
(b) Are there ways to avoid subjective judgments and be objective?
(c) Do they give consistent responses?
(d) Do they measure multiple traits on a single dimension?
10. (5 points) Conducting a partial correlation analysis involves:
(a) Examining the linear association between two or more variables controlling for
other variables under consideration
(b) Including only one among many groups in a analysis of correlations
(c) Matching observations on potential confounding variables
(d) Including only observations at a constant level of a confounding variable
This part of the examination contains 3 essay questions. Please elaborate on each of
the following questions:
11. What is Grounded Theory? How is it different from other qualitative research
methodologies? What are its contributions to social science research? (20 points)
12. In qualitative research, how can researchers increase the validity of the research findings?
Please list 3 possible methods and elaborate on each of them. (15 points)
13. What is “focus group”? What are the possible challenges that researchers might encounter
when conducting a focus group? Please list 3 challenges, elaborate on each of them and
then explain how researchers can solve the problems? (15 points)
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