Standard Operating Procedures
Laboratory Specific
Chemical: Dinitrophenol
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Laboratory Safety Manual and Chemical Hygiene Plan.
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_____________________________________________________________________________
Department:________________________
Date when SOP was written:_______
Date when SOP was approved by the lab supervisor: ___________________
Principal Investigator:___________________________________________________
Internal Laboratory Safety Coordinator/Lab Manager:___________________________________
Laboratory Phone:____________________ Office Phone:_____________________
Emergency Contact:____________________________________________________
(Name and Phone Number)
Location(s) covered by this SOP:__________________________________________
(Building/Room Number)
_____________________________________________________________________________
Type of SOP:
Process
Hazardous Chemical
Hazardous Class
Purpose
Dinitrophenols are a class of manufactured chemicals that do not occur naturally in the
environment. There are six different dinitrophenols. The most commercially important
dinitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), is a yellow solid with no smell. It is used in making dyes,
wood preservatives, explosives, insect control substances, and other chemicals, and as a
photographic developer.
It was used in diet pills in the 1930s but was banned for this use in 1938. It may be sold under
several trade names, including Caswell No. 392, Sulfo Black B, and Nitro Kleenup. Use of trade
names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Agency for Toxic
Substances and Disease Registry, the Public Health Service, or the U.S. Department of Health
and Human Services.
2,4 dinitrophenol is the most commonly used of the dinitrophenol (DNP) variations. Other variants
include 2,3 DNP, 2,5 DNP, 2,6 DNP and 3,4 DNP. Their hazard characteristics share the
common hazard of being reactive and toxic with some variations.
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Physical & Chemical Properties/Definition of Chemical Group
CAS#:
2,3 DNP  66-56-8
2,4 DNP  51-28-5
2,5 DNP  329-71-5
2,6 DNP  573-56-8
3,4 DNP  577-71-9
Class:
Flammable, highly reactive and Toxic
Molecular formula:
C6H4N2O5
Boiling Point:
2,3 DNP  Not available
2,4 DNP  Not available
2,5 DNP  Not available
2,6 DNP  Not available
3,4 DNP  Not available
Melting Point:
2,3 DNP  141 - 145 °C
2,4 DNP  113°C
2,5 DNP  103 - 106 °C
2,6 DNP  113°C
3,4 DNP  130 - 135 °C
Decomposition Temperature:
2,3 DNP  Not available
2,4 DNP  Not available.
2,5 DNP  Not available
2,6 DNP  Not available
3,4 DNP  Not available
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Lewis structures:
2,3 DNP
2,4 DNP
2,5 DNP
2,6 DNP
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3,4 DNP
Potential Hazards/Toxicity
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW: Flammable. Toxic. Can be flammable depending on DNP
variation.
Potential Acute Health Effects:
Very hazardous in case of ingestion, of inhalation. Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of
eye contact (irritant). Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (sensitizer). Severe overexposure can result in death.
Potential Chronic Health Effects:
MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells. Mutagenic for bacteria and/or
yeast. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Classified Reproductive system/toxin/female,
Reproductive system/toxin/male [SUSPECTED]. The substance may be toxic to the reproductive
system, heart, cardiovascular system, central nervous system (CNS). Repeated or prolonged
exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Repeated exposure to a highly
toxic material may produce general deterioration of health by an accumulation in one or many
human organs.
Target Organs: Liver, central nervous system, eyes, kidney, blood and lungs
Potential Health Effects:
Eye: Causes eye irritation. A worker accidentally sprayed dinitrophenol into his eye. Chemical
con junctivitis developed and it was treated with Blinex, Neosporin opthalmic ointment, and an
eye patch. His vision was impaired for one month.
Skin: Causes skin irritation. Harmful if absorbed through the skin. 2,4-Dinitrophenol causes
maculopapular dermatitis. Dermatitis may be due to either primary irritation or allergic sensitivity.
Ingestion: May be fatal if swallowed. The metabolic rate of the poisoned individual can increase
markedly, and the body temperature is elevated. Dinitrophenol exerts its toxic effects by a general
disturbance of cell metabolism resulting in a need to consume excessive amounts of oxygen in
order to synthesize the essential adenine nucleotide required for cell survival in the brain, hear t,
and muscles.
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Inhalation: May be fatal if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation. May cause effects similar
to those described for ingestion. Signs and symptoms of acute poisoning in humans include
nausea, restlessness, flushed skin, sweating, rapid respiration, tachycardia, fever, cyanosis, and
finally, collapse and coma. If the acute phase of poisoning is survived, the patient usually
tolerates later complications, which may include renal insufficiency and toxic hepatitis.
Chronic: Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis. May cause liver and kidney
damage. May cause reproductive and fetal effects. 2,4-Dinitrophenol signs and symptoms are
fever/hyperthermia, skin discoloration, acidosis (metabolic, delayed), hypotension, cataract
(subcapsular), hearing impairment (delayed).
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by
OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin: Viton gloves must be worn while handling dinitrophenol
Clothing: Wear long pants, closed toed shoes and a lab coat
Respirators: Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European
Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when
necessary.
Engineering Controls: Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with
an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne
concentrations low.
First Aid Procedures
Eyes: In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Get
medical aid.
Skin: Causes skin irritation. Harmful if absorbed through the skin. Dinitrophenol causes
maculopapular dermatitis. Dermatitis may be due to either primary irritation or allergic sensitivity.
Ingestion: May be fatal if swallowed. The metabolic rate of the poisoned individual can increase
markedly, and the body temperature is elevated. Dinitrophenol exerts its toxic effects by a general
disturbance of cell metabolism resulting in a need to consume excessive amounts of oxygen in
order to synthesize the essential adenine nucleotide required for cell survival in the brain, hear t,
and muscles.
Inhalation: May be fatal if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation. May cause effects similar
to those described for ingestion. Signs and symptoms of acute poisoning in humans include
nausea, restlessness, flushed skin, sweating, rapid respiration, tachycardia, fever, cyanosis, and
finally, collapse and coma. If the acute phase of poisoning is survived, the patient usually
tolerates later complications, which may include renal insufficiency and toxic hepatitis.
Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically and supportively.
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Special Handling and Storage Requirements
Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Wash hands before eating. Remove contaminated
clothing and wash before reuse. Use only in a well-ventilated area. Ground and bond containers
when transferring material. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Empty containers retain
product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Do not ingest or inhale. Store
protected from light. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty
containers to heat, sparks or open flames.
Storage: Store in a cool place in the original container and protect from sunlight. Store in a tightly
closed container. Material can ignite if dry. Do not allow material to completely dry. Keep
container closed to prevent drying out.
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Spill and Accident Procedure
Chemical Spill Dial 911 and x59797
Spill – Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Reduce
airborne dust and prevent scattering by moistening with water. Clean up spills immediately,
observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Avoid generating dusty conditions.
Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. If the material is dry, explosives experts
may be necessary to dispose of the spill. Provide ventilation.
Small (<1 L) – If you have training, you may assist in the clean-up effort. Use appropriate
personal protective equipment and clean-up material for chemical spilled. Double bag spill waste
in clear plastic bags, label and take to the next chemical waste pick-up.
Large (>1 L) – Dial 911 (or 310-825-1491 from cell phone) and EH&S at x59797 for
assistance.
Chemical Spill on Body or Clothes – Remove clothing and rinse body thoroughly in
emergency shower for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention. Notify supervisor and EH&S
at x59797 immediately.
Chemical Splash Into Eyes – Immediately rinse eyeball and inner surface of eyelid with
water for 15 minutes by forcibly holding the eye open. Seek medical attention. Notify supervisor
and EH&S at x59797 immediately.
Medical Emergency Dial 911 or x52111
Life Threatening Emergency, After Hours, Weekends And Holidays – Dial 911
(or 310-825-1491 from cell phone) or contact the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center
(emergency room) directly at x52111 (located at 757 Westwood Plaza, enter from Gayley
Avenue). Note: All serious injuries must be reported to EH&S at x59797 within 8 hours.
Non-Life Threatening Emergency– Go to the Occupational Health Facility (OHF),
x56771, CHS room 67-120 (This is on the 6th floor, 7th corridor, room 120. Enter through the
School of Dentistry on Tiverton Drive and proceed to the “O” elevator to the 6th floor.)Hours: M F, 7:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. At all other times report to Ronald Regan UCLA Medical Center
(emergency room) at x52111. Note: All serious injuries must be reported to EH&S at x59797
within 8 hours.
Needle stick/puncture exposure (as applicable to chemical handling procedure)– Wash
the affected area with antiseptic soap and warm water for 15 minutes. For mucous membrane
exposure, flush the affected area for 15 minutes using an eyewash station. Page the needle stick
nurse by dialing 231 from a campus phone, enter 93333 when prompted and then enter your
extension. Hours: M – F, 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. At all other times report to Ronald Regan UCLA
Medical Center (emergency room) at x52111. Note: All needle stick/puncture exposures must be
reported to EH&S at x59797 within 8 hours.
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Decontamination/Waste Disposal Procedure
Waste disposal procedures
Follow UCLA EHS waste protocol:
Labeling Requirements for Hazardous Waste Containers:
• A UCLA Hazardous Waste Tag must be placed on each hazardous waste container upon
start of accumulation.
• The On-Line Tag Program (OTP) can be used to print hazardous waste tags right from your
printer.
• One account on the On-Line Tag Program (OTP) can be used for the entire lab. See the OnLine Tag Program1 more information and to get your lab signed up.
Hazardous Waste Storage:
• Hazardous waste must be transferred to EH&S for disposal within 90 days of being
generated.
• Waste containers must be in secondary containment at all times to adequately contain the
contents of the container/spilled materials.
• Hazardous waste must always be appropriately labeled with a UCLA waste tag at all times.
• Containers must be closed when not in use.
• Storage of hazardous waste in fume hoods or under sinks is not recommended.
• Hazardous waste that meets the quantity threshold of 55 gallons of hazardous waste or 1
quart of extremely hazardous waste1 must be transferred to EH&S for disposal within 3
days of reaching these set volumes.
• Report damaged containers to EH&S. EH&S can provide assistance to transfer the contents
to an appropriate container.
• Mark storage areas according to the type of chemicals kept there (e.g. “Corrosive”,
“Flammable”, etc.).
• Containers should be inspected weekly for signs of leaks, corrosion, or deterioration.
Hazardous Waste Disposal:
• Don't dispose of chemicals down the drain!
• Don't dispose of chemicals via trashcans.
• Don't use hoods to intentionally evaporate chemicals.
• Transport the hazardous waste to your designated pick-up location using a sturdy cart and
secondary containment.
• Consult the hazardous waste pick-up schedule1 for the building specific times and locations of
disposal.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Location
(State the location of MSDS)
Hardcopy or electronic copy must be available.
Online MSDS can be accessed at http://msds.ehs.ucla.edu.
Protocol/Procedure
(Add specific description of procedure.)
Note: Any deviation from this SOP requires written approval from PI.
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Documentation of Training (signature of all users is required)
I have read and understand the content of this SOP:
Name
Signature
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Date