Quiz 2.2 Review: Plasma Membrane Structure & Function, Passive and Active
Transport, Tonicity
Plasma Membrane Structure and Function
Key words: phospholipid bilayer, hydrophilic, hydrophobic, cholesterol, integral,
peripheral, cell membrane channels, glycolipids, glycoproteins
Key ideas:
The plasma membrane as a fluid mosaic model: What makes it fluid? What makes it a
mosaic?
What is the phospholipid bilayer made of?
What does semi-permeable mean and what makes the plasma membrane semipermeable?
What are the two types of proteins found within the cell membrane?
What are some of the various functions of the membrane proteins within the plasma
membrane?
Passive Transport
Key words: passive transport, diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, solute, solvent,
concentration, concentration gradient,
Key ideas:
In diffusion, how do particles and substances move? Where do they move to? Where do
they move away from?
What is osmosis?
In osmosis, how does water move? Where do water move to? Where does water move
away from?
What is the difference between facilitated diffusion and regular diffusion?
Active Transport
Key words: active transport, concentration gradient, concentration, ATP, energy, sodium
potassium pump, endocytosis, exocytosis, bulk transport, vesicular transport, pinocytosis,
phagocytosis
Key ideas:
In active transport, how do particles and substances move? Where do they move to?
Where do they move away from?
What kinds of molecules use active transport?
Give an example of a protein pump that utilizes active transport in your body
What is endocytosis?
What is exocytosis?
Why are both pinocytosis and phagocytosis important to the human body?
Tonicity
Key words: tonicity, solution, isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic, concentration, crenation,
hemolysis, turgor pressure
Key ideas:
What is tonicity?
What happens to the size and shape of a cell that is in isotonic solution? Hypertonic
solution? Hypotonic solution?
Endomembrane System
Key words: endomembrane system, organelle, endoplasmic reticulum (both rough and
smooth), Golgi apparatus (aka Golgi complex), vacuoles (central, food, contractile),
lysosomes, aqueous, contiguous, membranous, vesicles
Key ideas:
What is the endomembrane system as a whole? What does it do for the human body?
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum? What does it do?
What is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? What does it do?
What are vesicles? What do they do?
How are vesicles formed?
What is the Golgi apparatus?
What are the three components (parts) of the Golgi apparatus?
What are lysosomes? What do they do?
What are vacuoles? What are the three types? What do these three types do?