What is computer? What are some of the operating programs? Read the follow
chart.
Hardware
(peripheral
devices)
Hardware is
machinery and
electrical parts of the
computer - the parts
you can see and
touch, for example,
the monitor, the
keyboard , CPU,
motherboard, power
supply, graphic card,
sound card and
circuits inside it.
Software
capacity
of disks
-Hard disk up to 500
GB (giga byte) or TB
-CD: 700 MB
-DVD: 4.2 GB
-Flash drive/USB Up to
64 GB/128 GB
driver
modem
Modem connects
computer to the
internet. It converts
computer signals into
a telephone or cable
signal and vice versa.
It stands for
formatting
Adapted from ICAU1133ABooklet and EAP ss work/S1 2013
Software is all the
facts the lists of
instructions that a
computer receives
to carry out its
tasks. All the
different lists of
instructions are
called programs,
which are called
software, such as
Microsoft office,
internet explorer,
PowerPoint, Excel,
etc.
It is the software
needed to operate
each device
connected to the
computer.
Formatting is
preparing disk to
receive data,
erasing all previous
information.
MODULATOR
DEMODULATOR
unit of memory
Unit of memory is
Byte. It is equal to 8
bits of binary code.
booting
unit of speed
Unit of speed is Hertz.
It is measured as
cycles processed per
second.
wifi
ROM
ROM (Read Only
modem
Memory) refers to
pre-recorded memory.
It cannot be changed.
It is read only.
RAM
RAM (Random Access
Memory) is temporary
working memory of
the computer.
Everything in RAM is
lost when the
electricity is turned
off.
input and
storage
configurations
Input is whatever
goes into the
computer such as
commands that is
entered by user, data
from another
computer or device,
pictures from
cameras, sounds etc..
Input device include
keyboard, mouse, web
cam, microphone,
Adapted from ICAU1133ABooklet and EAP ss work/S1 2013
Booting is the
loading of
operating system
such as Window
into RAM of the
computer.
Virus is a software
program that
interferes with the
operation of a
computer and may
causes damage to
the computer.
scanner, fingerprint
scanner, etc.
output
Output is anything
that comes out of the
computer such as
binary numbers,
characters, pictures,
images, sounds and
printed pages. Output
devices include display
screens, loudspeakers,
and printers.
the operating
system
Operating system tells
other programs how
to work, and other
programs talk through
an operating system.
It is an interface
between a user,
application software,
and CPU. It manages
all files and data.
Some operating
systems used today
are Windows, Linux,
and Mac OS.
the mouse
The mouse moves a
pointer on the screen.
Clicking - pressing and
releasing
Double clicking pressing twice on a
mouse button
Clicking and dragging
means holding down a
button as you move
the mouse
Scrolling wheel is used
to scroll down/up the
page
Adapted from ICAU1133ABooklet and EAP ss work/S1 2013
An ergonomic mouse
is curved to fit your
hand. Most mouses
are linked to the
computer by a
cable/tail. Mouses
without tails are called
cordless or tail-less
mouses.
the keyboard
monitors
the printer
It is used to enter date
into a computer. With
word processing
software, keyboards
can be used to type
documents and to
send instructions to
the CPU.
A monitor displays
computer data on a
screen. It works in the
same way as
televisions.
Like monitors, printers
decode binary code
and print it onto a
form that you can
understand on paper
or film.
Hard disk drive
(HDD)
1.What is the Internet?
The Internet is the connection of millions of computers around the world into a
network. The computers are thus linked together or inter-connected. The Internet's
main purpose is to inter-connect net works.
The Internet is made up of thousands of small networks that are independent of
each other. No one individual, company or government owns the Internet.
2. What does WWW stand for?
The Internet is a collection of linked computers. The World Wide Web (WWW) is a
collection of information or web pages.
Adapted from ICAU1133ABooklet and EAP ss work/S1 2013
Each page may contain links to other pages of information, known as hyperlinks.
Each page can contain text, graphics, buttons, animations, sounds and video.
3. What is a home page?
A home page is the starting page for a collection of web pages. This will usually have
links to all the other web pages in this web site.
4. What is a browser?
A browser allows you to view and interact with web pages. There are a variety of
companies that make browsers, and many are free, e.g. Internet Explorer.
The browser needs to be set up to communicate with the Internet. This is usually
done by an install program, given to you when you sign up with an Internet service
provider (ISP).
Once you have a Web browser installed and working, you will only need to learn a
few navigational commands and you are off and running exploring the Internet.
5. What is an Internet address?
An Internet address that is called a URL (uniform resource locator). This address will
help you find the information you require.
For example: http://www.kogarhnews.wikispaces.l5communication.com
The URL is made up of the following parts:
http://
indicates the protocol used
www.kogarahnews
indicates the domain name
.wikispaces
indicates the directory name
l5communication.com
indicates the type of file
6. What is a link /hyperlink?
There are links on a web page to take you to other web pages. These are hyperlinks.
When you move your cursor over the top of a hyperlink, the cursor changes to a
picture of a hand. You'll see the location of the link displayed on the status bar in a
different colour.
bluetooth: A type of wireless network standard used for short distances with devices
such as cell phones and laptops.
broadband: Any high-speed Internet connection, whether provided through cable,
DSL, or satellite.
upgrade: A complete revision of a computer program that you use to replace the
current program.
Adapted from ICAU1133ABooklet and EAP ss work/S1 2013
uninterruptible power supply (UPS): A power strip combined with a battery to keep
your computer running when the power goes out.
USB: Universal Serial Bus; a computer connection that you can use to attach many
different kinds of devices and peripherals to a computer
Windows: The most common operating system on PCs.
WiFi: Wireless fidelity; the original 802.11b standard wireless base station.
wired network: A network connected by cables.
wireless: Making a connection between computers or a computer and devices
without physically connecting them with wires or cables; usually involves using radio
signals to send and receive information.
Wireless Access Point (WAP): An intermediary device that exchanges information
between various configured wireless devices.
wireless network: A network that features specific equipment, such as network
interface cards and routers, in place of wires (copper or optical fiber) for connectivity.
word processor: A computer program in which you generate, edit, store, transmit, or
duplicate electronic text documents.
SPAM
Bluetooth: A type of wireless network standard used for short distances with devices
such as cell phones and laptops.
broadband: Any high-speed Internet connection, whether provided through cable,
DSL, or satellite.
brower
CD: Compact disc; a removable storage medium that can hold data, text, and
graphics.
CD/DVD recorder: A type of drive that you can attach to your computer in order to
copy data from your PC to a recordable CD or DVD.
chip: An integrated computer circuit containing many elements connected on a
single unit.
Adapted from ICAU1133ABooklet and EAP ss work/S1 2013
chipset: A group of chips that work together to perform a specific task or function.
For example, a motherboard on a computer contains chips for the BIOS, CPU,
memory, expansion slots, and other components; this collection of chips is the
motherboard’s chipset.
circuit: An electrical device that provides a path for electrical current to flow.
CPU: Central processing unit; A computer component, often called a processor and
microprocessor, whose speed determines how fast your PC operates.
cursor: The blinking icon on the computer screen that shows you where the
characters you type appear; also called an insertion pointer.
desktop: A normal computer setup; A type of computer made up of a PC console,
monitor, mouse, keyboard, and any additional attachments. A desktop PC isn’t easily
portable.
dialup: A kind of computer Internet connection that uses existing phone lines.
digital: A means of storing, transmitting, manipulating, or reproducing data, images
and sounds by using groups of electronic bits represented by 1 and 0.
ergonomics: Adapting work or working conditions to suit the worker.
file: A binary (not physical) container that holds a chunk of information stored in a
computer.
firewall: A software or hardware device designed to block unauthorized intruders
from gaining entry to an individual computer or a network.
flash drive: A keychain-size storage unit that saves files on memory cards; you can
plug it into your computer and access it like any other external hard drive.
hard drive: A disk drive on your PC that can store the greatest amount of
information and access it in the quickest manner; therefore, it’s the main source of
permanent storage.
hardware: The physical part of a computer — anything you can touch and see, such
as the computer console, monitor, keyboard, and mouse.
headphones/speakers jack: The I/O jack where you plug in your headphones or
external speakers.
headset: Headphones that include a built-in microphone for online communications
and game playing.
Adapted from ICAU1133ABooklet and EAP ss work/S1 2013
hibernate: A computer function by which it saves all the computer’s memory
(everything the system is doing), then turns the computer off.
hub: A common connection point for devices in a network.
hyper-threading: A feature of certain Pentium processors that makes one physical
CPU appear as two logical CPUs, overlapping two instruction streams in order to
achieve a gain in performance.
IP address: An identifier for a computer or device on a TCP/IP network.
keyboard: The device you type on; it’s the primary way you communicate with the
computer, with input.
LCD: Liquid crystal diode; A type of computer monitor, also called a flat-panel
monitor, that’s thin and uses relatively little electricity
log in: To identify yourself on a computer by entering a user name and password.
log off: To tell Windows that you’re done using the computer without actually
turning off the computer; you must log in to use it again.
log on: To identify yourself on a computer by entering a user name and password.
log out: To tell Windows that you’re done using the computer without actually
turning off the computer; you must log in to use it again.
upgrade: A complete revision of a computer program that you use to replace the
current program.
uninterruptible power supply (UPS): A power strip combined with a battery to keep
your computer running when the power goes out.
DVD: Digital video disc; a removable computer storage medium that has a larger
capacity than a CD.
URL:
Windows: The most common operating system on PCs.
WiFi: Wireless fidelity; the original 802.11b standard wireless base station.
wired network: A network connected by cables.
wireless: Making a connection between computers or a computer and devices
without physically connecting them with wires or cables; usually involves using radio
signals to send and receive information.
Adapted from ICAU1133ABooklet and EAP ss work/S1 2013
Wireless Access Point (WAP): An intermediary device that exchanges information
between various configured wireless devices.
wireless network: A network that features specific equipment, such as network
interface cards and routers, in place of wires (copper or optical fiber) for connectivity.
word processor: A computer program in which you generate, edit, store, transmit, or
duplicate electronic text documents.
Please type the answers to these qs: You can email to
Adapted from ICAU1133ABooklet and EAP ss work/S1 2013