The 1850s
1850-1860
01. Plantation agriculture (A) led to a slow return on investments (B) remained diverse
until the Civil War (C) was wasteful (D) discouraged immigration to the West.
02. The plantation system of the cotton South was (A) increasingly monopolistic (B)
efficient at utilizing natural resources (C) financially stable (D) attractive to European
immigrants.
03. All of the following were weaknesses of the slave plantation system except: (A) it
relied on a one-crop economy (B) it repelled a large-scale European immigration (C) it
lost significant numbers of people to the West (D) its land continued to remain in the
hands of the small farmers.
04. The mistress of the plantation (A) had little contact with slaves (B) primarily
controlled male slaves (C) frequently supported abolitionism (D) commanded a sizable
household staff of mostly female slaves.
05. Most white southerners were (A) planter aristocrats (B) small slave owners (C)
non-slaveholding subsistence farmers (D) “poor white trash.”
06. By the 19th Century, (A) most southerners owned slaves (B) the smaller slave
owners owned a majority of the slaves (C) most slaves lived on large plantations (D)
slavery was a dying institution.
07. The group in the South owning the most slaves was (A) subsistence farmers (B)
mountain whites (C) plantation owners (D) small farmers.
08. The majority of southern whites owned no slaves because (A) they opposed slavery
(B) they could not afford the purchase price (C) their urban location did not require them
(D) their racism would not allow them to work alongside the African-Americans.
09. The most pro-Union of the white southerners were (A) “poor white trash” (B)
mountain whites (C) small slave owners (D) non-slaveholding subsistence farmers.
10. Some Southern slaves gained their freedom as a result of all of the following
except: (A) the wave of emancipation after the War of 1812 (B) an idealism inspired by
the Revolution (C) being the children of white masters (D) purchasing their freedom.
11. The great increase of the slave population in the first half of the nineteenth century
was largely due to (A) the reopening of the African slave trade in 1808 (B) larger imports
of slaves from the West Indies (C) natural reproduction (D) re-enslavement of free
blacks.
12. Northern attitudes towards free blacks can be best described as (A) supporting their
right to full citizenship (B) disliking the race but liking individual blacks (C) advocating
black movement into the new territories (D) very racist.
13. For free blacks living in the North, (A) living conditions were nearly equal to those
for whites (B) voting rights were widespread (C) good jobs were plentiful (D)
discrimination was common.
14. The profitable Southern slave system (A) hobbled the economic development of the
region as a whole (B) saw many slaves moving to the upper South (C) led to the textile
industry first developing in the South (D) relied almost totally on importing slaves to
meet the unquenchable demand for labor.
15. When it came to work assignments, slaves were (A) given some of the most
dangerous jobs (B) generally spared dangerous work (C) given the same jobs as Irish
laborers (D) usually given skilled rather than menial jobs.
16. Perhaps the slave’s greatest horror, and the theme of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle
Tom’s Cabin, was (A) the separation of slave families (B) the frequent use of the whip by
slave owners (C) the breeding of slaves (D) slaves always having to do the most
dangerous work on the plantation.
17. By 1860, slaves were concentrated in the “black belt” located in the (A) upper
South states of Kentucky, Missouri, and Tennessee (B) deep South states of South
Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana (C) old South states of
Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina (D) new Southwest states of Texas,
Arkansas, and Indian Territory.
18. Forced separation of spouses, parents, and children was most common (A) in the
deep South (B) on the large plantations (C) on small plantations and in the upper South
(D) in the decade prior to the Civil War.
19. Most slaves were raised (A) without the benefit of a stable home life (B) never
knowing anything about their relatives (C) without religion (D) in stable two-person
households.
20. Slaves fought the system of slavery in all of the following ways except: (A)
slowing down the work pace (B) refusing to get an education (C) sabotaging expensive
equipment (D)pilfering goods their labor had produced.
21. One result of white Southerners’ brutal treatment of their slaves and their fear of
potential slave rebellions was the (A) development of a theory of biological racial
superiority (B) adoption of British attitudes towards the “peculiar institution” (C)
emancipation of many slaves (D) South’s shedding its image as a reactionary backwater.
22. In the pre-Civil War South, the most uncommon and least successful form of slave
resistance was (A) feigned laziness (B) sabotage of plantation equipment (C) running
away (D) armed insurrection.
23. Which one of the following has the least in common with the other three? (A) Nat
Turner (B) Gabriel (C) Wendell Phillips (D) Denmark Vesey.
24. The idea of transporting blacks back to Africa was (A) proposed by William Lloyd
Garrison (B) never carried out (C) the result of the widespread loathing of blacks in
America (D) suggested by the African nation of Liberia.
25. William Lloyd Garrison pledged his dedication to (A) shipping freed blacks back to
Africa (B) outlawing the slave trade (C) preventing the expansion of slavery beyond the
South (D) the immediate abolition of slavery in the South.
26.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Match the abolitionist with his publication.
William Lloyd Garrison
1.
Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World
Theodore Dwight Weld
2.
The Liberator
Frederick Douglass
3.
Narration of the Life of...
David Walker
4.
American Slavery as It Is
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2
A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
27.
A.
B.
C.
Match the abolitionist with his role in the movement.
Wendell Phillips
1.
abolitionist martyr
Frederick Douglass
2.
black abolitionist
Elijah P. Lovejoy
3.
abolitionist orator
4.
abolitionist financier
A-4, B-2, C-1
A-1, B-4, C-2
A-3, B-2, C-1
A-2, B-1, C-4
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
28. Many abolitionists turned to political action in 1840 when they backed the
presidential candidate of the (A) Free Soil party (B) Republican party (C) Know-Nothing
party (D) Liberty party.
29. The voice of white southern abolitionism fell silent at the beginning of the (A)
1820s (B) 1830s (C) 1840s (D) 1850s.
30. In arguing for the continuation of slavery after 1830, Southerners (A) placed
themselves in opposition to much of the rest of the Western world (B) were in opposition
to the North but on the side of the Western world (D) failed to contrast slaves to the
northern factory worker (D) allowed considerable dissent in the South.
31. Those in the North who opposed the abolitionists believed these opponents of
slavery (A) were creating disorder in America (B) were defending the American way of
life (C) deserved the right to speak freely (D) had turned their backs on religion.
32. “Varying Viewpoints” noted that Ulrich B. Phillips made three claims about slavery
that have been challenged in recent years. Which of the following is not one of his
conclusions? (A) slavery was comparable to the Nazi concentration camps (B) slavery
was a dying economic institution (C) planters treated their slaves with kindly paternalism
(D) slaves were passive by nature and did not abhor slavery.
33. Arrange the following in their proper time order: the founding of the (A) American
Colonization Society (B) American Anti-Slavery Society (C) Liberty party
(A) A, B, C (B) C, A, B (C) B, C, A (D) A, C, B.
34. The South became the Cotton Kingdom in the early nineteenth century because of
(A) Eli Whitney’s invention of the cotton gin (B) the new profitability of short-staple
cotton (C) the opening of rich river bottomlands in the Gulf Coast states (D) all of these.
35. Cotton became important to the prosperity of the North as well as the South because
(A) a good part of the southern cotton crop was sold to New England textile mills (B)
northern merchants handled the shipping of southern cotton (C) cotton accounted for
about half the value of all United States exports after 1840 (D) all of these.
36. The pre-Civil War South was characterized by (A) a well-developed martial spirit
(B) a widening gap between rich and poor (C) a ruling planter aristocracy (D) all of these.
37. Even those who did not own slaves in the pre-Civil War South supported that
institution because they (A) dreamed of someday owning slaves themselves (B)
presumed themselves racially superior to black slaves (C) were afraid of being
overwhelmed by the black race (D) all of these.
38. Before the Civil War, free blacks (A) were far more numerous in the South than in
the North (B) were often the mulatto offspring of white fathers and black mothers (C)
were often forbidden basic civil rights (D) all of these.
39. Slaves were (A) primarily regarded as financial investments by slave owners (B)
the primary form of wealth in the South (C) profitable to their owners (D) all of these.
40. As a result of President John Tyler’s veto of a bill to establish a new Bank of the
United States, (A) he was expelled from the Whig Party (B) all but one member of his
cabinet resigned (C) an attempt was made in the House of Representatives to impeach
him (D) all of the above.
41. To bring more money to the federal treasury, John Tyler (A) raised the price of
western land (B) passed an income tax (C) supported legislation to establish a Fiscal
Bank (D) signed into law a moderately protective tariff.
42. During an 1837 Canadian insurrection against Britain, (A) the United States stayed
neutral in word and action (B) the United States imprisoned several American violators
of neutrality (C) America was invaded by the British (D) Canada warned the United
States to stay out of the conflict.
43. One argument given against the annexation of Texas to the United States was that it
(A) could involve the country in a series of ruinous wars in America and Europe (B)
might give more power to the supporters of slavery (C) was not supported by the people
of Texas (D) offered little of value to America.
44. Texas was annexed to the United States as a result of (A) Senate approval of the
Treaty of Annexation (B) President Tyler’s desire to help his troubled administration (C)
a presidential order of Andrew Jackson (D) the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo.
45. The United States’ claim to the Oregon Country rested on all of the following
except: (A) the presence there of missionaries and other settlers (B) Lewis and Clark
expedition (C) naming of the Columbia River by Captain Robert Gray (D) Hudson’s Bay
trading company.
46. Most Americans who migrated to the Oregon Country were attracted by the (A)
rich soil of the Willamette River Valley (B) expectation of getting to fight British troops
(C) potential profits in the fur trade (D) discovery of gold and silver in the Cascade
Mountains.
47. As a result of the Panic of 1837, (A) several states defaulted on their debts to
Britain (B) Britain loaned money to America, its close ally (C) anti-British passions
cooled in America (D) the Democrats led America into war for more territory.
48. The British-American dispute over the border of Maine was solved (A) by war (B)
by a compromise which gave each side some territory (C) when America was given all of
the territory in question (D) with the Caroline incident.
49. The Aroostook War resulted from (A) a short-lived insurrection in British Canada
(B) the Caroline incident (C) asylum offered to the crew of the Creole (D) a dispute over
the northern boundary of Maine.
50. Some people in Britain hoped for a British alliance with Texas because (A) it would
help support the Monroe Doctrine (B) this area would provide an excellent base from
which to attack the United States (C) Mexican efforts to attack the United States would
be stopped (D) it would give abolitionists the opportunity to free slaves in Texas.
51. Arrange the following in their proper time order: (A) annexation of Texas, (B)
Webster-Ashburton Treaty, (C) settlement of the Oregon boundary, (D) Aroostook War
(A) A, B, D, C (B) B, D, C, A (C) D, B, A, C (D) C, A, B, D.
52. In the 1840s, the view that God had ordained the growth of an American nation
stretching across North America was called (A) continentalism (B) isolationism (C)
Anglophobia (D) Manifest Destiny.
53. In the presidential election of 1844, the Whig candidate, Henry Clay, (A) opposed
the annexation of Texas (B) wanted immediate annexation of Texas (C) favored
postponing the annexation of Texas (D) ignored the issue of the annexation of Texas.
54. The nomination of James K. Polk as the Democrats’ 1844 presidential candidate
was secured by (A) expansionists (B) anti-Texas southerners (C) Henry Clay (D) eastern
business interests.
55. The area in dispute between the United States and Great Britain in 1845 lay
between (A) the forty-second parallel and the Columbia River (B) the Columbia River,
the 49th parallel, and the Pacific Ocean (C) the 36’ 30” line and the Columbia River (D)
the 49th parallel and 54’ 40’.
56. The election of 1844 was notable because (A) there were no real issues (B) a
genuine mandate emerged (C) the issues were so numerous (D) Polk won the electoral
vote but lost the popular vote.
57. In the Oregon treaty with England in 1846, the northern boundary of the United
States was established to the Pacific Ocean on the line of (A) 42’ (B) 49’ (C) 54’ 40” (D)
36’ 30”
58. The group most supportive of gaining control of all the Oregon Country was the
(A) southern Democrats (B) Whigs (C) northern Democrats (D) Californians.
59. One reason the British government decided to compromise on the Oregon Country
border was (A) the support of the Hudson Bay Company (B) the fear of war with the
United States (C) John Tyler’s election to the presidency (D) America’s acceptance of
54’ 40”.
60. President Polk’s claim that “American blood [had been shed] on the American soil”
referred to news of an armed clash between Mexican and American troops near (A) San
Francisco (B) the Nueces River (C) Santa Fe (D) the Rio Grande.
61. In his quest for California, President James K. Polk (A) advocated war with Mexico
from the beginning (B) argued strongly for annexation because Americans were the most
numerous people in the area (C) first advocated buying the area from Mexico (D) sought
British help to convince Mexico to sell the area to the United States.
62. In 1846, the United States went to war with Mexico for all of the following reasons
except: (A) Manifest Destiny (B) the deaths of American soldiers at the hands of
Mexicans (C) to gain payment for damage claims against the Mexican government (D) to
satisfy those asking for “spot” resolutions.
63. During the Mexican War, the Polk administration was several times called upon to
respond to “spot” resolutions indicating where American blood had been shed to provoke
the war. The resolutions were frequently introduced by (A) Abraham Lincoln (B) Henry
Clay (C) Robert Gray (D) David Wilmot.
64. Arrange the following in their proper time order: (A) Bear Flag revolt, (B) Slidell
mission rejected, (C) declaration of war on Mexico, (D) American troops ordered to the
Rio Grande Valley. (A) B, D, C, A (B) A, C, B, D (C) D, B, A, C (D) C, A, D, B.
65. One goal of Mexico in its 1846-1848 war with the United States was to (A) free
black slaves (B) regain control of California (C) capture slaves and take them back to
Mexico (D) force America to make good on unpaid claims of damages to Mexican
citizens.
66. When the war with Mexico began, President James K. Polk (A) advocated taking all
of Mexico (B) found he could trust dethroned Mexican dictator Santa Anna (C) hoped to
fight a limited war, ending with the conquest of California (D) supported a large scale
conflict.
67.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Match the American officer with his theater of command in the Mexican War.
Stephen W. Kearny
1.
Northern Mexico
Zachary Taylor
2.
California
Winfield Scott
3.
Santa Fe
John C. Fremont
4.
Mexico City
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
68. The terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo ending the Mexican War included
(A) United States payment of $15 million for the cession of northern Mexico (B) United
States annexation of Texas (C) the banning of slavery from all territory ceded to the
United States (D) Mexico’s having to pay $3.25 million in damages to the United States.
69. Those people most opposed to President James K. Polk’s expansionist program
were the (A) western Democrats (B) antislavery forces (C) Senate Democrats (D)
supporters of Nicholas P. Trist.
70. The Wilmot Proviso introduced into Congress during the Mexican War declared
that (A) Mexican territory would not be annexed to the United States (B) slavery would
be banned from all territories Mexico ceded to the United States (C) the United States
should annex all of Mexico (D) the United States should have to pay Mexico a financial
indemnity for having provoked the war.
71. Arrange in proper time sequence the United States’ acquisition of (A) Oregon (B)
Texas (C) California (A) A then B then C (B) C then B then A (C) B then A then C (D) B
then C then A.
72. The Wilmot Proviso (A) symbolized the burning issue of slavery in the territories
(B) gained House and Senate approval in 1846 (C) settled once and for all the issue of
slavery in California (D) allowed slavery to be practiced in the territory taken from
Mexico in 1848.
73. President John Tyler vetoed the Whig congress’s proposal to (A) end the
independent Treasury system (B) annex Texas (C) distribute public land sales revenue to
the states (D) modify protective tariff rates.
74. Britain was interested in developments in the Republic of Texas because (A) an
independent Texas was a potential counterweight to the future growth of a powerful
United States (B) Texas would be an important alternative source of cotton for the British
textile industry (C) Texas would distract the Americans from Oregon (D) all of these.
75. The Mexican War resulted in (A) a one-third increase in the territorial size of the
United States (B) combat experience for those who would lead the armies in the Civil
War (C) increased respect for American military and naval capabilities (D) all of these.
76. President Polk’s program for his administration included (A) a new independent
Treasury system (B) acquisition of California (C) settlement of the Oregon boundary (D)
all of these.
77. In order to maintain the two great political parties as vital bonds of national unity,
early nineteenth-century politicians (A) decided to ban slavery from all United States
territories (B) decided to allow slavery into all United States territories (C) avoided the
public discussion of slavery (D) banished abolitionists from membership in either
national party.
78. The United States’ victory in the Mexican War resulted in (A) renewed controversy
over the issue of extending slavery into the territories (B) a possible split in the Whig and
Democrat Parties over slavery (C) Mexico relinquishing an enormous amount of land to
America (D) all of the above.
79. The principle of “popular sovereignty” would have the question of slavery in the
territories determined by (A) the vote of the people in any given territory (B) a national
referendum (C) congressional legislation (D) a Supreme Court decision.
80. The public liked popular sovereignty because it (A) stopped the spread of slavery
(B) fit in with the democratic tradition of self-determination (C) provided a national
solution to the problem of slavery (D) supported the Wilmot Proviso.
81. In the 1848 presidential election, the Democratic and Whig Parties (A) lost to the
Free-Soil Party (B) addressed the issue of slavery (C) remained silent on the issue of
slavery (D) abandoned the tactic of nominating military leaders.
82. The event that brought turmoil to the administration of Zachary Taylor was the (A)
passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (B) influx of immigrants to the west coast (C)
discovery of gold in California (D) growth of lawlessness in California.
83. Of those people going to California during the gold rush, (A) the majority were
from foreign nations (B) slaves constituted a sizable minority (C) the majority gained
considerable financial rewards (D) a distressingly high proportion were lawless men.
84. By 1850, the South (A) was experiencing economic difficulties (B) feared that
slavery might be abolished in states where it already existed (C) remained concerned
about its weak voice in national government (D) was relatively well off, politically and
economically.
85. Harriet Tubman gained fame (A) by helping slaves escape to Canada (B) in the gold
fields of California (C) as an African-American poet (D) as an advocate of the Fugitive
Slave Law.
86. During the 1850s, slaves gained their freedom most frequently by (A) running away
(B) self-purchase (C) rebellion (D) use of federal laws.
87. John C. Calhoun’s plan to protect the South and slavery involved (A) the election of
two presidents, one from the North and one from the South (B) Southern secession from
the Union (C) support of Henry Clay’s proposed concessions by both the North and the
South (D) repealing a president’s veto power.
88. Daniel Webster’s famed Seventh of March speech in 1850 resulted in (A) Senate
rejection of a fugitive-slave law (B) turning the tide in the North toward compromise (C)
condemnation by Northern commercial interests (D) charges of accepting bribes.
89. In his Seventh of March speech, Daniel Webster (A) attacked Henry Clay’s
compromise proposals (B) called for a new, more stringent fugitive-slave law (C)
advocated a congressional ban on slavery in the territories (D) proposed a scheme for
electing two presidents, one from the North and one from the South, each having veto
power.
90. For the position he took in his Seventh of March speech, Daniel Webster was
viciously condemned by (A) northern Unionists (B) northern banking and commercial
interests (C) abolitionists (D) Henry Clay.
91. The Young Guard from the North (A) regarded preserving the Union as their top
priority (B) agreed fully with the Old Guard on the issue of slavery (C) were most
interested in purging and purifying the Union (D) gave support to John C. Calhoun’s plan
for rescuing the Union.
92. In the debates of 1850, Senator William H. Seward, as a representative of the
northern Young Guard, argued that (A) the Constitution must be obeyed (B) John C.
Calhoun’s compromise plan must be adopted to preserve the Union (C) Christian
legislators must obey God’s moral law (D) compromise must be achieved to preserve the
Union.
93. During the debate of 1850, ______ argued that there was a “higher law” than the
Constitution that compelled him to demand the exclusion of slavery from the territories.
(A) William H. Seward (B) Henry Clay (C) Daniel Webster (D) Stephen A. Douglas
94. President Zachary Taylor unknowingly helped the cause of compromise in 1850
when he (A) led an invasion of Texas to halt its attempts to take part of New Mexico (B)
supported fellow Southerner John C. Calhoun’s plan for union (C) died suddenly and
Millard Fillmore became president (D) ushered in a second Era of Good Feelings.
95. Southern delegates met at a convention in Nashville in the summer of 1850 to (A)
plan southern secession (B) condemn the compromises being worked out in Congress (C)
propose a series of constitutional amendments (D) denounce Daniel Webster as a traitor
to the South.
96. In the Compromise of 1850, Congress determined that slavery in the New Mexico
and Utah territories was (A) to be banned (B) protected by federal law (C) to be decided
by popular sovereignty (D) to be ignored until either territory applied for admission to
statehood.
97. The most alarming aspect of the Compromise of 1850 to Northerners was the
decision concerning (A) slavery in the District of Columbia (B) slavery in the New
Mexico and Utah territories (C) the new Fugitive Slave Law (D) settlement of the TexasNew Mexico boundary dispute.
98. Provisions of the Fugitive Slave Law included all of the following except: (A) the
United States would insist on the return of fugitive slaves from Canada (B) runaway
slaves were denied a jury trial (C) fleeing slaves could not testify on their own behalf (D)
Northerners could be sent to jail for helping slaves escape.
99. Many northern states passed “personal liberty laws” in response to the Compromise
of 1850’s decision on (A) slavery in the District of Columbia (B) slavery in the territories
(C) runaway slaves (D) the interstate slave trade.
100. In light of future evidence, it seems apparent that in the Compromise of 1850, the
South made a tactical blunder by (A) allowing the ban on the slave trade in Washington,
D.C. (B) demanding a strong fugitive-slave law (C) not insisting on federal protection of
slavery in the territories (D) allowing the admission of California as a free state.
101. The fatal split in the Whig party in 1852 was over the issue of (A) the nomination of
General Winfield Scott or Daniel Webster (B) slavery (C) protective tariffs (D)
homestead laws.
102. The election of 1852 was significant because it (A) saw the victory of a pro-South
Northerner (B) marked the return of an issues-oriented campaign (C) saw the rise of
purely national parties (D) was the end of the disorganized Whig Party.
103. For a short time in the 1850s, an American actually seized control of (A) Nicaragua
(B) Cuba (C) Japan (D) El Salvador.
104. The primary objective of Manifest Destiny in the 1850s was (A) Panama (B)
Nicaragua (C) Cuba (D) California.
105. The United States’ scheme to gain control of Cuba was stopped when (A) Spain
threatened war (B) northern free-soilers fiercely protested the effort (C) it signed the
Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (D) Cuba refused to go along with the plan.
106. The most brazen scheme for territorial expansion in the 1850s was expressed in the
(A) Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (B) Wilmot Proviso (C) Ostend Manifesto (D) Gadsden
Purchase.
107. The answer to keeping the new Pacific Coast territories from breaking away from
the United States’ control was (A) allowing slavery in these areas (B) establishing a sea
route to the west coast (C) granting them quick statehood (D) constructing a
transcontinental railroad.
108. A Southern route for the transcontinental railroad seemed the best because (A)
northern areas were organized territories (B) slave labor could be used to construct it (C)
it would be easier to build in this area (D) Mexican leader Santa Anna agreed to
contribute money for the project.
109. Stephen A. Douglas proposed that the question of slavery in the Kansas-Nebraska
Territory be decided by (A) popular sovereignty (B) making Kansas a free territory and
Nebraska a slave territory (C) the Supreme Court (D) admitting both California and
Kansas-Nebraska to the Union.
110. Stephen A. Douglas’ plans for deciding the slavery question in the Kansas Nebraska
Bill required repeal of the (A) Compromise of 1850 (B) Missouri Compromise (C)
Wilmot Proviso (D) Northwest Ordinance.
111. One of Stephen Douglas’ mistakes in proposing the Kansas-Nebraska Act was (A)
not securing the transcontinental railroad for the North (B) overestimating the protest to
the bill (C) allowing slavery to spread into new territory (D) underestimating the depth of
northern opposition to the spread of slavery.
112. Presidential candidates in the 1848 election included (A) Martin Van Buren (B)
Lewis Cass (C) Zachary Taylor (D) all of these.
113. The new Free Soil party in 1848 found major support from those who (A) favored
high tariffs (B) had wanted all of Oregon to 54’ 40” (C) condemned slavery as immoral
(D) all of these.
114. In 1850, the South was deeply worried because (A) the Underground Railroad was
carrying away hundreds of slaves each year (B) the North had control of Congress (C)
California sought admission as a free state (D) all of these.
115. Southerners insisted that the first transcontinental railroad should run through the
Southwest because (A) construction would be less difficult (B) it would pass through
already organized territory of the United States (C) it would enhance the commerce of
their section for a change (D) all of these.
116. Uncle Tom’s Cabin may be described as (A) a firsthand account of slavery (B) a
success only in the United States (C) a powerful political force (D) having little effect on
the start of the Civil War.
117. As a result of reading Uncle Tom’s Cabin, many Northerners (A) found the book’s
portrayal of slavery to be too extreme (B) vowed to halt British and French efforts
helping the Confederacy (C) rejected Hinton Helper’s picture of the South and slavery
(D) swore they would have nothing to do with the enforcement of the Fugitive Slave
Law.
118. When the people of Britain and France read Uncle Tom’s Cabin, their governments
(A) realized intervention in the Civil War on behalf of the South would not be popular
(B) concluded they must end slavery in their own territory (C) decided to give aid to the
slaveholding South (D) banned the book.
119. Hinton R. Helper’s book, The Impending Crisis of the South, argued that those who
suffered most from the use of slave labor were (A) nonslaveholding southern whites (B)
southern planters (C) northern Republican abolitionists (D) western farmers.
120. In 1855, pro-slavery southerners regarded Kansas as (A) territory governed by the
Missouri Compromise (B) slave territory (C) geographically unsuitable for slavery (D)
too close to free states for slavery to be practical.
121. In “Bleeding Kansas” in the mid-1850s, ______ was/were identified with the
proslavery element, while ______ was/were associated with the antislavery free-soilers.
(A) Beecher’s Bibles; border ruffians (B) John Brown; Preston Brooks (C) the
Pottawatomie massacre; the sack of Lawrence (D) the Lecompton Constitution; the New
England Immigrant Aid Society.
122. President James Buchanan’s decision on Kansas’ Lecompton Constitution (A)
hopelessly divided the Democratic Party (B) admitted Kansas to the Union as a free state
(C) admitted Kansas to the Union as a slave state (D) reaffirmed the Democratic Party as
a national party.
123. Under the proposed Lecompton Constitution, the state of Kansas would (A) be free
of all slavery (B) have black bondage regardless of whether the document was approved
or not (C) put Kansas under control of the free-soilers if approved (D) allow slavery but
prohibit slave auctions.
124. The situation in Kansas in the mid-1850s indicated the impracticality of______ in
the territories. (A) abolitionism (B) free soil (C) popular sovereignty (D) slavery
125. The clash between Preston S. Brooks and Charles Sumner revealed (A) the
seriousness of political divisions in the North (B) how important honor was to
Northerners (C) that despite divisions over slavery, the House of Representatives would
unite to expel a member for bad conduct (D) how dangerously inflamed passions were
becoming over slavery in the North and South.
126.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Match the candidates in the 1856 election with the appropriate party.
John C. Fremont
1.
Democratic
Millard Fillmore
2.
Republican
Martin Van Buren
3.
Know-Nothing
James Buchanan
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
A-2, B-3, C-1
B-1, C-2, D-3
A-2, B-3, D-1
A-3, C-1, D-2
127. The central plank of the Know-Nothing party in the 1856 election was (A) popular
sovereignty (B) nativism (C) proslavery (D) abolitionism.
128. James Buchanan won the Democratic nomination for the presidency in 1856
because he (A) took a strong stand against popular sovereignty (B) had gained fame as an
explorer (C) was not associated with the Kansas-Nebraska Act (D) opposed further
immigration from Ireland.
130. Nativists in the 1850s were known for their (A) support of native Americans
(Indians) (B) backing of slavery (C) opposition to old-stock Protestants (D) anti-Catholic
and anti-foreign attitudes.
131. The Republicans’ loss of the 1856 election was due in part to (A) southern threats
that are public in victory would be a declaration of war (B) lingering support for slavery
in the North (C) northern bullyism (D) the North being less willing to let the South depart
in peace than in 1860.
132. As late as 1856, many Northerners were still willing to vote Democratic instead of
Republican because (A) of innate liberalism (B) the Democrats presented excellent
candidates (C) many did not want to lose their profitable business connections with the
South (D) all of the above.
133. In ruling in Dred Scott v Sanford (1858) , the United States Supreme Court (A)
hoped to incite further debate on the slavery issue (B) expected to lay to rest the issue of
slavery in the territories (C) supported the concept of popular sovereignty (D) reunited
the Democratic Party.
134. The decision rendered in the Dred Scott case was applauded by (A) abolitionists (B)
Republicans (C) popular-sovereignty proponents (D) proslavery southerners.
135. The Panic of 1857 was caused by all of the following except: (A) a drop in the price
of cotton (B) inflation due to the influx of gold in southern California (C) overspeculation in land and railroads (D) over-production of grain crops.
136. As a result of the Panic of 1857, the South (A) saw the weakness of its economic
system (B) supported government gifts of homesteads (C) believed that “cotton was
king” (D) backed away from secession.
137. The Panic of 1857 resulted in (A) a demand to end the government policy of giving
away farm land (B) the extension of slavery to the territories (C) price supports for
farmers (D) clamor for a higher tariff.
138. The Panic of 1857 (A) was caused by over exportation of southern cotton (B) hit
hardest among grain growers of the Northwest (C) finally brought southern congressmen
to support free homesteads (D) stimulated northern demands for lower tariff rates.
139. The political career of Abraham Lincoln could best be described as (A) a rapid rise
to power (B) hurt by his marriage (C) hurt by the Kansas-Nebraska Act (D) a slow
process.
140. As a result of the Lincoln-Douglas debates, (A) Lincoln was elected to the Senate
(B) Douglas defeated Lincoln for the Senate (C) Douglas increased his chances for
winning the presidency (D) Illinois rejected the concept of popular sovereignty.
141. Stephen A. Douglas argued in his Freeport Doctrine during the Lincoln-Douglas
debates that (A) the Dred Scott decision was unconstitutional (B) action by territorial
legislatures could keep slavery out of the territories (C) popular sovereignty would
guarantee slavery in all United States territories (D) Congress should reopen the Atlantic
slave trade.
142. In his raid on Harpers Ferry, John Brown intended to (A) foment a slave rebellion
(B) discredit abolitionists (C) force the North and South to compromise on the slavery
issue (D) make Kansas a free state.
143. After John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry, the South concluded that (A) it was an
isolated incident (B) the North was dominated by “Brown-loving” Republicans (C)
Brown should be put in an insane asylum (D) Brown had been attempting to defend his
right to own slaves.
144. Match the presidential candidate in the 1860 election with his party’s position on
the slavery question.
A. Abraham Lincoln
1.
extension of slavery into the territories
B. Stephen Douglas
2.
banning slavery from the territories
C. John Breckenridge
3.
abolition of all slavery
4.
popular sovereignty
(A) A-3, B-2, C-1
(B) A-2, B-4, C-1
(C) A-4, B-3, C-2
(D) A-2, B-1, C-4
145. When Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 presidential election, people in South
Carolina (A) rejoiced because it gave them an excuse to secede (B) were very upset
because they would have to secede from the Union (C) vowed to give their loyalty to
Stephen Douglas (D) none of the above.
146. The presidential candidate of the new Constitutional Union party in 1860 was (A)
Stephen A. Douglas (B) William Seward (C) John Bell (D) Jefferson Davis.
147. Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 Republican Party presidential nomination in part
because he (A) had been a strong supporter of William Seward (B) had never taken a
stand on the issue of slavery in the territories (C) made fewer enemies than front-runner
William Seward (D) was a long-time supporter of Stephen Douglas.
148. Arrange these events in their proper time order: (A) Dred Scott decision (B)
Lincoln-Douglas debates (C) Kansas-Nebraska Act (D) Harpers Ferry raid.
(A) A, C, B, D
(B) B, D, C, A
(C) C, A, B, D
(D) D, B, A, C
149. The government of the Confederate States of America was first organized at (A)
Atlanta, Georgia (B) Montgomery, Alabama (C) Richmond, Virginia (D) Knoxville,
Tennessee.
150. “Lame-duck” President James Buchanan believed that (A) southern states had a
legal right to secede from the Union (B) the Constitution did not authorize him to force
southern states to stay in the Union (C) the election of 1860 was a fraud (D) southern
states had no choice but to secede from the Union.
151. In the Dred Scott case, the Supreme Court ruled that (A) Dred Scott was not a
citizen of the United States (B) Dred Scott could not legally sue in a federal court (C) the
Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional (D) all of these.
152. Before his nomination in 1860, Abraham Lincoln had been (A) a Whig (B) a state
legislator in Illinois (C) a United States congressman from Illinois (D) all of these.
153. The 1860 Republican party platform favored (A) protective tariffs (B) construction
of a transcontinental railroad (C) free homesteads (D) all of these.
154. In the election of 1860, Abraham Lincoln (A) carried the Border States (B) lost in
the Electoral College (C) won a majority of the popular vote (D) none of these.
155. The Dred Scott decision eliminated all of the following except: (A) the
Compromise of 1850 (B) the inviolability of private property (C) popular sovereignty (D)
the Missouri Compromise.
156. John Brown was (A) considered a martyr for the South (B) executed promptly (C)
extradited to Kansas (D) regarded in the North with repulsion as a lunatic.
157. Popular sovereignty in the Kansas-Nebraska Act (A) allowed a local election to
determine the fate of slavery (B) allowed the territory to vote on the railroad (C)
reaffirmed the Missouri Compromise (D) stated that territorial legislatures could keep
slavery out.
158. The Election of 1852 was significant in that it (A) was the last appearance of the
Whig Party (B) was the first appearance of the Republican Party (C) showed the growing
strength of the American Party in the west (D) was the last time the Democrats could
present a united front.
159. The person who said, “A house divided against itself cannot stand”? (A) William
Seward (B) Stephen A. Douglas (C) John Brown (D) Abraham Lincoln.
160. Which of the following events occurred last? (A) Kansas-Nebraska Bill (B) John
Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry (C) Dred Scott decision (D) Lincoln-Douglas debates.
161. Abraham Lincoln won the Election of 1860 with (A) a small majority of the popular
vote (B) a huge majority of the popular vote (C) a minority of the popular vote (D) about
50% of the popular vote.
162. While the southern states were seceding from the Union, President Buchanan was
(A) advocating war (B) generally inactive (C) initiating preventative legislation (D)
working for the abolition of slavery.
163. All hope of compromise between the North and South ended with (A) the fall of
Fort Sumter (B) the election of Buchanan (C) the laws opposed by Henry Clay (D)
Harpers Ferry raid.
164. The principle that the people of each territory should decide whether or not to
permit slavery was (A) the Ostend Manifesto (B) popular sovereignty (C) Manifest
Destiny (D) none of these.
165. The effect of the Kansas-Nebraska Act was (A) to revise the Compromise of 1850
(B) repeal the Missouri Compromise (C) exclude slavery from the western territories (D)
all of these.
166. In the Dred Scott decision, the Supreme Court ruled that (A) the Missouri
Compromise was unconstitutional (B) a slave had no right to sue for freedom (C) a state
could not prohibit slavery (D) all of these.
167. The Lincoln-Douglas debates affected the Presidential Election of 1860 because (A)
Douglas defeated Lincoln (B) the Freeport Doctrine split the Democrats (C) Lincoln
formed the Republican Party (D) Lincoln proved he was the nation’s best orator.
168. The first state to secede was (A) South Carolina (B) Georgia (C) Virginia (D)
Kentucky.
169. The Dred Scott decision was important because (A) it deprived Scott’s owner of his
property (B) it caused the secession of the southern states (C) the Supreme Court opened
up a judicial route to abolish slavery (D) the Supreme Court held that Congress could not
constitutionally restrict slavery.
170. The failure of popular sovereignty in Kansas can be attributed to (A) the activities
of men who carried “Beecher’s Bibles” (B) Missouri border ruffians (C) Pottawatomie
massacre (D) all of these.
171. Which of the following was not a background cause of the Civil War? (A) states’
rights (B) irresponsible agitators (C) a boundary dispute (D) slavery.
172. Which of the following absorbed the most energy and attention in America 18501860? (A) sectional controversies (B) territorial expansion (C) regulation of business (D)
maintenance of the Monroe Doctrine.
173. John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry was significant because it (A) dramatized
opposition to slavery (B) resulted in a slave revolt led by Nat Turner (C) united Kansas
under the anti-slavery forces (D) was the first battle of the Civil War.
174. The book that was most sympathetic to the Abolitionists Movement was (A) Uncle
Tom’s Cabin (B) Moby Dick (C) The Scarlet Letter (D) Little Women.
174. The Kansas territory was called “Bleeding Kansas” because of (A) Indian raids on
settlers there (B) slaves rebellions there (C) John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry (D)
fighting between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces there.
176. Why were the Lincoln-Douglas debates important to Lincoln? (A) he was elected to
the Senate (B) it popularized his ideas on secession (C) gained him a national reputation
(D) helped organize the Underground Railroad.
177. Because they were opposed to the passage of the Kansas Nebraska Act (1854), a
group of Northerners formed the (A) Republican Party (B) Free Soil Party (C) Liberal
Party (D) Copperhead Party.
178. In the Election of 1860, a candidate who hoped to end the extension of slavery was
(A) Lincoln (B) Douglas (C) Breckenridge (D) Buchanan.
179. Which of the following was the defender of the idea of popular sovereignty? (A)
John Brown (B) Stephen Douglas (C) Abraham Lincoln (D) Henry Clay.
180. The four candidates in the Election of 1860 were Abraham Lincoln, Stephen
Douglas, John Breckenridge and (A) John C. Calhoun (B) John Bell (C) Henry Clay (D)
John Crittenden.
181. Which of the following leaders was most closely identified with states’ rights? (A)
Henry Clay (B) Daniel Webster (C) John C. Calhoun (D) John Quincy Adams.
182. During the period 1820-1860, the chief question raised in Congress when a territory
applied for statehood was whether it (A) favored a high tariff (B) favored slavery (C) had
rich natural resources (D) would attract immigrants from Europe.
183. The Kansas-Nebraska Act revived sectional bitterness by (A) dividing the Kansas
territory into two sections (B) extending the 36’ 30” line to the Pacific (C) permitting the
use of force to end the civil war in Kansas (D) repealing the Missouri Compromise.
184. In 1860, the Republican Party (A) favored states’ rights (B) opposed the expansion
of slavery into the territories (C) opposed the protective tariff (D) favored popular
sovereignty.
185. The election of Lincoln in 1860 helped to bring about secession because (A)
Lincoln had promised to free the slaves (B) a disappointed Douglas urged the South to
resist (C) the South
had now lost control of both Houses of Congress and the Presidency (D) Lincoln ordered
an attack on Fort Sumter.
186. Four border states did not secede from the Union. Which of the following was not
one of the four? (A) Kentucky (B) Maryland (C) Tennessee (D) Missouri.
187. Which of the following did not place a limit on slavery in the United States? (A)
Missouri Compromise (1820) (B) Northwest Ordinance (1787) (C) Constitution (1789)
(D) Land Ordinance (1785).
188. Which of the following is the correct chronological order to illustrate a cause and
effect relationship between the following events leading to the Civil War? (A) South
Carolina secedes, Lincoln is elected, Lincoln-Douglas debates (B) Kansas-Nebraska Act,
Dred Scott decision, election of Lincoln (C) Dred Scott decision, Lincoln-Douglas
debates, Kansas-Nebraska Act (D) Kansas-Nebraska Act, South Carolina secedes,
Lincoln-Douglas debates.
189. The so-called border states at the outbreak of the Civil War were those (A) states
bordering the Atlantic (B) states which might, but did not, join the Confederacy (C) states
which bordered Mexico (D) newly admitted states along the Mississippi River.
190. The major reason for Southern hostility toward Lincoln was his (A) demand for
abolition (B) opposition to the extension of slavery (C) opposition to secession (D)
support of the Republican Party Platform.
191. Which of the following did not join the Confederacy? (A) Kentucky (B) Tennessee
(C) Texas (D) Missouri.
192. “Our true policy is peace. If, however, the lust of conquest should inflame Northern
ambition, we must prepare to meet the attack.” This was most likely said by (A) Abraham
Lincoln (B) Jefferson Davis (C) Benedict Arnold (D) Charles Sumner.
193. The attack on Fort Sumter was significant because it (A) showed the strength of
Union military forces (B) revealed the weakness of the Confederate navy (C) convinced
the British that they should support the Confederacy (D) unified public opinion in the
North.
194. Which of the following was the basic cause of the Civil War? (A) Lincoln’s avowed
determination to abolish slavery (B) the tariff question (C) the hostility of the people of
the North toward slavery (D) admission of California as a free state.
195. Which candidate received the greatest popular vote in the election of 1860? (A)
Abraham Lincoln (B) John Bell (C) John Breckenridge (D) Stephen Douglas.
196. Which of the following was not true? (A) states’ rights was a major cause of the
Civil War (B) a key to the fighting was the Union blockade, which became more
effective as the war progressed (C) Rhett Butler played a key role until his capture in
1864 (D) England remained neutral throughout the war.
197. What was one immediate result of the election of Abraham Lincoln (1860)? (A)
secession of the southern states (B) immediate end to slavery (C) attack on Harpers Ferry
(D) Confederate attack on Fort Sumter.
198. Plantation agriculture (A) led to a slow return on investments (B) remained diverse
until the Civil War (C) was wasteful (D) discouraged immigration to the West.
199. Members of the planter aristocracy (A) produced fewer great statesmen than the
North (B) had a keen sense of obligation to serve the public (C) provided democratic rule
in the South (D) promoted tax supported public education.
200. The principle of “popular sovereignty” would have the question of slavery in the
territories determined by (A) the vote of the people in a given territory (B) a national
referendum (C) congressional legislation (D) a Supreme Court decision.
201. The fatal split of the Whig Party (1852) was over (A) the nomination of Winfield
Scott or Daniel Webster for President (B) slavery (C) protective tariffs (D) homestead
laws.
202. The decision rendered in the Dred Scott case was applauded by (A) abolitionists (B)
Republicans (C) popular sovereignty proponents (D) none of these.
203. Which of the following argued that there was a “higher law” than the Constitution
that compelled him to demand the exclusion of slavery from the territories during the
debate of 1850? (A) William Seward (B) Henry Clay (C) Daniel Webster (D) Stephen
Douglas.
204. Southern delegates met at a convention in Nashville (1850) to (A) plan southern
secession (B) condemn the compromises being worked out in Congress (C) propose a
series of constitutional amendments (D) denounce Daniel Webster as a traitor to the
South.
205. The central plank of the Know Nothing Party (1856) was (A) popular sovereignty
(B) nativism (C) proslavery (D) abolitionism.
206. The most Pro-Union Southerners were (A) “poor white trash” (B) mountain whites
(C) small slave owners (D) non-slaveholding subsistence farmers.
207. The theory of popular sovereignty as proposed by Stephen A. Douglas argued that
people had the right to (A) vote in free elections (B) own slaves (C) live where they
please (D) decide whether their territory should be free or slave.
208. Slavery had been forbidden north of the 36'30' parallel by virtue of the (A) Missouri
Compromise (B) Compromise of 1850 (C) Fugitive Slave Act (D) Kansas-Nebraska Act.
209. What part of the Compromise of 1850 created the most opposition in the Northern
states? (A) the admission of California (B) popular sovereignty in the territory (C) the
Fugitive Slave Act (d) slavery in Texas.
210. According to the Dred Scott decision (A) the Missouri Compromise was
constitutional (B) no slave could become a citizen (C) slaves in free territory became free
(D) state officials must return runaway slaves.
211. The judgment in the Dred Scott decision concerning slavery in the territories would
probably have had the approval of (A) John C. Calhoun (B) Henry Clay (C) Daniel
Webster (D) Stephen A. Douglas.
212. As used by historians, that "peculiar institution" refers to (A) the abolitionist
movement (B) the underground railroad (C) slavery (D) the right of secession from the
Union.
213. The Kansas Territory was called "Bleeding Kansas" because of the (A) Indian raids
on the settlers (B) slave rebellions (C) John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry (D) fighting
between proslavery and antislavery forces.
214. Abolitionists were persons who believed that slaves should be (A) restricted to the
South (B) set free (C) sent back to Africa (D) settled in the new territories.
215. Who was the author of Uncle Tom's Cabin? (A) Harriet Beecher Stowe (B)
Frederick Douglass (C) William Lloyd Garrison (D) Walt Whitman.
216. Why were the Lincoln Douglas debates important to Abraham Lincoln? He (A) was
elected United States Senator (B) popularized his ideas on secession (C) gained national
recognition (D) helped organize the underground railroad.
217. The major reason for the Southern hostility to Lincoln was his (A) demand for
abolition of slavery (B) opposition to extension of slavery (C) opposition to secession (D)
support of the Republican Party platform.
218. The immediate cause for the formation of the Confederacy was the (A) election of
Lincoln (b) organization of the Republican Party (C) Dred Scott decision (D) firing on
Fort Sumter.
219. Negotiations between the United States and Britain concerning northern boundary
disputes before 1845 (A) resulted in the agreement of 1818 which fixed the common
boundary to the Pacific coast at the forty-ninth parallel (B) resulted in the United States
gaining rich ore deposits in the Lake Superior region (C) failed to produce any decisions
with respect to the Oregon country (D) were concluded in 1839 with the truce that ended
the Aroostook War.
220. The chief reason the British wanted Texas to remain an independent republic was to
(A) block possible United States territorial expansion westward (B) block the expansion
of slavery which would accompany annexation (C) embarrass President Taylor in his
negotiations involving the Maine boundary (D) carry on trade with Texas without having
to pay United States tariff duties.
221. The concept of Manifest Destiny (A) emphasized the divine mission of America to
spread democracy (B) was developed in the early 1820's to justify American nationalism
(C) was a humanitarian justification for expansion that denied the necessity of force (D)
was primarily an economic theory favored by trappers and western farmers.
222. Which of the following correctly describes the situation in Texas by 1835? (A)
Final annexation to the United States awaited a special Texas convention to ratify
statehood (B) Texans had established an independent republic with Sam Houston as
President (C) Mexico's insistence that only Roman Catholics could enter Texas slowed
down American settlement (D) Large numbers of Americans living in Texas dominated
that part of Mexico.
223. The admission of Texas to the Union (A) was opposed by Calhoun as a threat to
slavery (B) was favored by a majority of the people as indicated in Polk's landslide
election victory (C) occurred during the administration of Tyler (D) followed a Joint
resolution of Congress.
224. Which of the following United States actions was a cause of the war with Mexico?
(A) Taylor's occupation of the disputed area southward of the Nueces River (B) Slidell's
mission to Mexico involving $30 million in "purchase" money (C) The occupation of
Santa Fe by Kearny and his continuation on to California (D) Fremont's Bear Flag revolt
against Mexico.
225. American claims to the Oregon country (A) reached northward to latitude 54' 40' on
the strength of the Gray exploration of 1792 (B) were seriously made only for the
territory northward to the forty-ninth parallel (C) were clearly inferior to those of Britain
on the basis of actual settlers by 1845 (D) were, if based entirely on fur trade activities,
superior to those of Britain.
226. According to the provisions of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (A) the Wilmot
Proviso was included as an amendment (B) the United States gained Lower California
(C) Mexico would pay for claims which United States citizens held against the Mexican
government (D) the Rio Grande was set as the Texas boundary.
227. Undoubtedly the chief reason for American migration to the Oregon country after
1840 was the (A) growing profits of the fur trade (B) commercial advantage of excellent
Pacific ports (C) lure of good land for farming (D) strong missionary urge in behalf of the
Indians.
228. Prior to the Mexican War, the Santa Fe trade (A) accelerated American settlement
of the province of New Mexico (B) tapped a Mexican market for manufactured goods (C)
was established to open the West to settlement (D) was opened too late to make a
significant impact on expansionism.
229. The final blow in the Mexican War was (A) Scott's capture of Chapultepec (B)
Taylor's occupation of Monterey (C) Stockton's seizure of San Francisco (D) Fremont's
conquest of California.
230. Which is the correct chronological order for the following: (1) acquisition of Texas
(2) acquisition of California (3) acquisition of Florida (4) Webster-Ashburton Treaty? (A)
4, 3, 1, 2 (B) 4, 1, 2, 3 (C) 3, 4, 1, 2 (D) 1, 2, 3, 4.
231. Which of the following, as President, was opposed to the annexation of Texas? (A)
Van Buren (B) Jackson (C) Adams (D) Tyler.
233 In the election of 1844 (A) the Whig candidate was President Tyler (B) Clay
defeated Polk (C) the Democrats nominated Van Buren (D) the winner was a "dark
horse" and former speaker of the House.
234. The Gadsden Purchase included parts of (A) New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas (B)
Southern New Mexico and Arizona (C) Southern California and Arizona (D) Nevada and
Wyoming.
235. The Donner party (A) was a group of Americans who were among the first to settle
in New Mexico (B) was a group of would-be California settlers, trapped in the snowcovered mountains on their way west (C) was the first group of Americans to arrive in
California by sea (D) was the first group of Americans to go to California by land.
236. Brigham Young (A) was the leader of a "gentile" mob who assassinated Joseph
Smith in Nauvoo, Illinois (B) founded the Mormon church (C) founded a Mormon
settlement in the Mexican territory near the Great Salt Lake (D) was a trapper and fur
trader.
237. The first Americans to reach California (A) arrived by sea (B) were trappers and
traders (C) were led by Jedediah Smith (D) were the Mormons.
238. In Dred Scott v. Sanford, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the Federal government
could not prohibit slavery in the territories because the (A) territories were under the
jurisdiction of state governments (B) Constitution states that slavery is permitted in
territories (C) Constitution permits popular sovereignty to settle the slavery question (D)
Congress may not take personal property without due process.
239. The period from the Mexican War to the Civil War saw the development of all of
the following except (A) agriculture expansion and innovation (B) a distinctive body of
American literature (C) industrial and technological breakthroughs (D) harmony on
national political goals.
240. Ralph Waldo Emerson's address entitled "The American Scholar," delivered in
1837, was significant because it (A) turned higher education in America toward more
practical pursuits (B) started a movement for adult education in this country (C)
stimulated the development of a truly American literature (D) redirected American
literature away from parochial American themes and toward more universal concerns.
241. The only area Americans of the mid-nineteenth century were not considering for
acquisition was (A) Cuba (B) Japan (C) Central America (D) a strip of desert land south
of the Gila River in Mexico.
244. The Ostend Manifesto recommended that (A) the United States relinquish its claim
to Cuba (B) France, Great Britain, and the United States Jointly guarantee the
independence of Cuba (C) the United States try to buy Cuba, and, failing that, use force
to gain the island (D) Spain disavow its seizure of the American vessel, the Black (A) and
pay the United States an indemnity.
243. American attempts to build a canal through the territory of Nicaragua met
formidable competition from (A) Great Britain (B) Spain (C) France (D) Russia.
244. By the terms of the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty of 1850 (A) Colombia was guaranteed
sovereignty over Panama (B) England and the United States agree not to colonize Central
America (C) the United States was given the sole right to build the Panama Canal (D) all
of the above were agreed to.
245. Critics of the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty argued that (A) the United States had limited
itself and allowed a foreign power to share control of an area in the Western Hemisphere
(B) the United States was courting war with France by allying with Britain (C) the United
States had overextended itself by becoming involved in Central America (D) the treaty
was ineffectual since it could never be upheld in practice.
246. The Gadsden Purchase was acquired primarily as a (A) buffer territory against
Mexico (B) Southern scheme to extend slavery (C) check against French expansion into
Mexico (D) potential route for a transcontinental railroad.
247. In the 1840s, American foreign trade sharply increased because of all the following
factors except the (A) opening of the British market to American wheat (B) lack of
competition in shipping with major world powers (C) existence of low American tariffs
(D) general economic recovery following the Panic of 1837.
248. Prior to the Civil War, American trade was characterized by (A) more commercial
ties with Asia than with Europe (B) more commercial ties with Latin America than with
Europe (C) a near balance of agricultural exports and industrial imports (D) an excess of
industrial imports over agricultural exports.
249. The most important provision of the Treaty of Waughia of 1844 was the one
granting the United States (A) exclusive access to twelve important Japanese ports (B)
sole control of the Hawaiian Islands (C) most favored nation status with China (D)
trading rights in the Philippines, Java, and India.
250. The treaty that "opened" Japan to the United States was secured by (A) Matthew
Perry (B) Caleb Cushing (C) Oliver Perry (D) Townshend Harris.
251. The clipper ships were an important transportation development for this country
because they (A) secured a dominant position in the whaling industry for this country (B)
showed that ships could successfully compete with railroads for American domestic trade
(C) won command of the seas for the United States because of their military superiority
(D) gave the United States a large share of the world's carrying trade in the 1840s and
1850s.
252. The manpower shortage in this country in the nineteenth century was the result of
(A) the still primitive living conditions in the country, which contributed to high
mortality (B) successive plagues of cholera, malaria, and smallpox that depleted the
population (C) rapid economic expansion, especially in industrial cities (D) passage of
state laws severely restricting the use of children and women in industrial labor.
253. The immigrants who came to this country supplied manpower for all of the
following except (A) railroads building in the least and West (B) manufacturing in the
Northeast (C) plantation agriculture in the South (D) small business enterprises in the
West.
254. Immediately prior to the Civil War, most immigrants came from (A) Great Britain
and the Scandinavian countries (B) Italy and Ireland (C) Ireland and the Orient (D)
Germany and Ireland.
255. The "nativist" movement refers to (A) the effort of immigrants to retain their own
cultures by isolating themselves from other foreign groups (B) the organized attempts of
nineteenth century American immigrants to return to their native countries (C) antiIndian and anti-black feeling promoted by recent immigrants in the antebellum period (D)
native-born American resentment of immigrant elements.
256. The strongest force behind the nativist movement was the (A) prevalence of
pauperism and crime in immigrant slums (B) economic competition immigrant labor
posed (C) fear and distrust of the Catholic religion to which most of the new immigrants
adhered (D) inherent political conservatism of most nineteenth-century immigrants.
257. The "Know-Nothing" organization refers to (A) a political group formed to restrict
immigration and take away the immigrant vole (B) the nickname given to the Whigs by
Democrats during the increasing sectional conflict of the 1850s (C) a group formed to
combat the rise of nativism during the mid-nineteenth century (D) the social reform
group that promoted education among immigrant groups in the nineteenth century.
258. About the only success that the political arm of the nativist movement, the
American panty, could claim by 1860 was (A) the nomination of Millard Fillmore for
President in 1856 (B) extension of the time required for naturalization to twenty-one
years (C) leadership of the abolitionist movement after its split (D) unintentionally
renewing the country's faith in its ability to act as a haven for the oppressed.
259. All of the following contributed to American economic growth prior to the Civil
War except (A) the low rate of population growth, allowing the accumulation of a
surplus for export (B) the increase in the labor force engaged in manufacturing (C) the
vast amount of raw materials gained from newly acquired territory (D) the replacement of
manual labor by machine labor.
260. The principal trade route for agricultural products from the Midwest before the
Civil War was (A) on water, from the Great Lakes to New York City via the Erie Canal
(B) on water, down the Mississippi to the port of New Orleans (C) on railroad, from St.
Louis, east to Chicago and New York and west to San Francisco (D) by wagon, over
national roads leading from the interior cities of Chicago and Memphis to the port cities
of Philadelphia and Baltimore.
261. A precedent set by railroad-builders in the West in financing new construction was
their heavy reliance on (A) foreign capital investment (B) local private investors (C)
government subsidies and land grants (D) state and local taxation measures.
262. The pony express, introduced in 1860, was made obsolete in less than two years by
(A) subsidized stage lines (B) the transcontinental telegraph (C) the Central American
railroad (A) clipper ships.
263. Cyrus Hall McCormick and John Deere were leading innovators in the (A)
agricultural revolution (B) communications revolution (C) transportation revolution (D)
financial revolution.
264. The Supreme Court's decision in Commonwealth v. Hunt was a victory for (A) trade
unions, which were no longer considered conspiracies in restraint to trade (B)
corporations which won freedom from government regulation of workers' hours and
wages (C) laborers, whose right to strike and organize boycotts was recognized (D)
middle class reformers, who won the right to organize skilled craftspeople into
cooperative workshops.
265. By 1860 the eleven states that were to form the Confederacy produced (A) most of
the nation's manufactured goods (B) about half the nations' manufactured goods (C)
virtually no manufactured goods (D) about 10 percent of the nation's manufactured
goods.
266. Americans generally did not settle west of Missouri and Arkansas in the 1820s and
1830s because (A) a powerful conservative European alliance would have intervened to
prevent it (B) Indian power was considered sufficient to disrupt settlement (C) most
Americans considered social reform a more pressing need than territorial expansion (D)
the area seemed unsuited for settlement.
267. Reasons for the revived interest in territorial expansion in the 1840s included all
except (A) the American sense of Manifest Destiny (B) elimination of Britain as a threat
to expansion (C) a growing desire to develop trade with the Far East (D) renewed fear of
foreign intervention in lands bordering this country.
268. The concept of Manifest Destiny includes all of the following except (A) the desire
for land (B) the legitimacy of slavery as an economic institution (C) the superiority of
Anglo-Saxon culture (D) the American mission to extend democratic institutions.
269. The first settlers who moved to Texas were motivated by (A) the search for gold (B)
the need to escape religious persecution (C) a desire for land to cultivate cotton (D) a call
to convert Indians.
270. Texas was not annexed after declaring its independence from Mexico in 1836
because of opposition from (A) Western farmers (B) Southern defenders of slavery (C)
Texas settlers (D) Northern Whigs and opponents of Southern expansion.
271. Which of the following was not an ardent annexationist on the Texas question? (A)
Andrew Jackson (B) Martin Van Buren (C) John Tyler (D) John C. Calhoun.
272. The American claim to Oregon rested primarily on prior American exploration; the
British claim was based on (A) the presence of the British fleet off the Oregon coast (B)
the missionary efforts of Dr. John McLoughlin (C) purchase of the Spanish and French
claims to the area (D) essentially the same ground.
273. A large migration of American settlers into Oregon began in the 1840s because of
the (A) missionary zeal the reform movements had stirred (B) fear that Britain was about
to undertake a second colonization of the New World (C) economic potential of the area's
fertile lands (D) discovery of gold in the Willamette Valley.
274. The first American contact with California was made by (A) Jesuit missionaries
seeking to convert the Indians (B) New England whalers and merchants (C) fortune
hunters looking for California gold (D) runaway slaves from Texas who sought refuge
with the more tolerant Mexicans.
275. Utah was settled by people seeking mainly (A) fertile lands for cotton cultivation
(B) trade relations with the Mexicans living there (C) escape from religious persecution
(D) implementation of communitarian ideals.
276. Polk's Administration brought to an end the (A)`i power of the South in the
Democratic party (B) influence of Jacksonian principles in the Democratic patty (C) low
revenue tariff (D) American System.
277. Texas was legally annexed to the United States in 1845 by means of (A) Tyler's
executive order before leaving office (B) Polk's executive order upon taxing office (C) a
joint resolution that required only a simple majority vote of the House and Senate (D)
approval of a treaty by two-thirds of the Senate.
279. In negotiating a settlement with Britain over the Oregon boundary, Polk appears to
have been most concerned about (A) upholding the strongly expansionist Democratic
party platform (B) avoiding wars with both Britain and Mexico at the same time (C)
reflecting the prevailing views of the House and Senate (D) rejecting the precedent of the
Monroe Doctrine.
280. According to the treaty that resolved the Oregon controversy between the United
States and Great Britain (A) the United States received title to all of Oregon (B) Great
Britain received title to most of the original Oregon Territory (C) Oregon was divided at
the Columbia River (D) Oregon was divided at the forty-ninth parallel.
281. All of the following were causes of the war with Mexico except (A) the inability of
United States citizens to obtain compensation for claims against the Mexican government
(B) American determination to obtain California and New Mexico (C) the anger of
Mexican patriots over American annexation of Texas (D) Mexico's attempt to seize part
of the Louisiana Territory in compensation for American annexation of Texas.
282. The Slidell diplomatic mission to Mexico failed to avoid war because (A) a new
Mexican nationalist government had come to power and refused to negotiate (B)
Congress refused to authorize payment of the money Slidell had offered Mexico for its
territory (C) England had offered more money to the Mexican government to keep
California and Santa Fe neutral buffer states (D) Polk was bent on war and knew the offer
would not be accepted.
283. Strongest opposition to the Mexican War in this country came from & Southern
Whigs (B) Southern Democrats (C) Westerners (D) Northern abolitionists.
284. The "Bear Flag Revolt" involved a rebellion of (A) Conscience Whigs against their
own party over the Mexican War (B) Californians against Mexico during the Mexican
War (C) Texans against Mexico during the Mexican War (D) slaves in the territory
annexed after the Mexican War.
285. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ending the Mexican War left Americans with all
the following problems except (A) how to govern the multicultural society America had
become as a result of the treaty (B) whether to allow slavery into the new territories (C)
whether to compensate Mexico for the territories taken away by the treaty (D) how to
defend a vast new American territory.
286. The Wilmot Proviso, rejected by the Senate, stipulated that slavery would be (A)
prohibited in the territories gained from Mexico (B) prohibited in California, but
permitted in New Mexico (C) permitted in California (D) permitted only by the popular
vote of settlers in each territory.
287. Antislavery Northerners argued that slavery could most constitutionally be
prohibited in new territories by (A) the President through an executive order (B) the
Supreme Court through a test case (C) Congress through its authority to make regulations
for new territories of the United States (D) Congress through exercise of its powers over
interstate commerce.
288. Proslavery Southerners argued that the federal government could not prohibit
slavery in the territories because (A) citizens would thereby be deprived of their right to
migrate with their property (B) there was no legal precedent for it (C) the Constitution, in
the three-fifths clause, recognized the right of slavery to exist (D) the states, not the
federal government, are sovereign.
289. Popular sovereignty refers to the notion that (A) the people's representatives in
Congress have the power to decide the legal sphere of slavery (B) the states, since they
are more closely connected with the sovereign people than the federal government, have
the power to decide the limits of slavery (C) the people of the United States have the
power to decide the question of slavery by plebiscite (D) only the people who actually
settle a territory have the power of deciding the slavery question.
290. The Free-Soil party advocated all(A) (A) freedom for settlers of each territory to
choose slavery or reject it (B) a homestead act to give land to Western settlers (C) the
explicit exclusion of slavery from any new territories (D) federal appropriations for
internal improvements.
291. The event that precipitated the crisis of 1850 was (A) repeal of the Missouri
Compromise line (B) the Southern attempt to introduce slavery into Maryland and the
District of Columbia (C) the rapid settlement of California after the gold strike and
subsequent application for statehood (D) repeal of the Fugitive Slave Law.
292. The principal drafter of the Compromise of 1850 was & John C. Calhoun (B)
Daniel Webster (C) Stephen Douglas (D) Henry Clay.
293. After 1850, the South's position in the Union grew increasingly untenable for all the
following reasons except (A) Northern domination of the Senate (B) likely admission to
the union of several new free states (C) domination of political life by a hostile Whig
party (D) the growing economic superiority of the North.
294. The feature of the Compromise of 1850 that stirred the most sectional conflict was
(A) the admission of New Mexico as a slave state (B) the admission of California as a
free state (C) the new and more severe fugitive slave act (D) the closing of the District of
Columbia as a depot for interstate slave trading.
295. On the eve of the Civil War most Southerners and Northerners were agreed that (A)
that slavery was an indisputable part of American society (B) that strong federal slave
codes should protect slave property where it already existed (C) that states retained their
sovereignty under the Constitution (D) that blacks and whites were inherently unequal.
296. Stephen Douglas introduced the Kansas-Nebraska bill in order to (A) promote
settlement of the West (B) provide economic benefits to his own state (C) advance his
quest for the Presidency (D) accomplish all of the above.
297. The Kansas-Nebraska Act provided for (A) popular sovereignty on the slavery issue
in those sections below the 36' 30" parallel (B) settlement of the Kansas-Nebraska area
according to the terms of the Missouri Compromise (C) popular sovereignty on the
slavery issue throughout the entire Kansas-Nebraska Territory (D) congressional
redrawing of the Missouri Compromise line between the Kansas and Nebraska territories.
298. The main opposition to the Kansas-Nebraska bill came from (A) free-soil
Democrats and antislavery Whigs (B) the Republican party (C) Southern Democrats (D)
the American party.
299. The new Republican party formed in 1854 emphasized (A) protection of the rights
of urban minority groups (B) containment of slavery within the states already established
(C) the abolition of slavery in this country (D) allowance of slavery only below the 36'
30"' line or outside United States continental boundaries.
300. All of the following contributed to the conflicts in Kansas except (A) the
competition between free-soilers and Missouri pro-slavery settlers (B) Northern support
of numerous slave insurrections in the territory (C) the early start of land speculators (D)
complex political maneuvering that spawned rival territorial governments and
constitutions.
301. Most Kansas settlers were (A) free-soilers from neighboring states (B) Missouri
slave holders (C) free blacks (D) abolitionists from the Northeast.
302. Parties to the virtual state of civil war that existed in Kansas in 1855-56 included all
of the following except (A) Missouri "Border Ruffians" (B) fugitive slaves (C) John
Brown's raiders (D) free-state men armed with "Beecher's Bibles."
303. The Ostend Manifesto became an issue in the election of 1856 because (A)
antislavery forces feared it would be used to extend slavery territory (B) Lincoln used it
to discredit its architect, Stephen Douglas (C) it seemed to deny the authority of Congress
to legislate on slavery in the territories (D) the Democrats feared it would embroil the
United States in a foreign war.
304. The Dred Scott case involved two issues. (A) the constitutionality of the KansasNebraska Act and the right of white Americans to enslave black Americans (B) the right
of trial by jury for blacks and the constitutionality of the Compromise of 1850 (C) the
citizenship of black Americans and constitutionality of the Missouri Compromise (D) the
constitutionality of the Fugitive Slave Law and the right of black Americans to sue for
freedom.
305. The Dred Scott decision proved significant because it (A) set a precedent for the
Court's noninterference in political issues (B) heightened differences over the issue of
slavery (C) narrowly construed the "due process" clause to apply only to procedural
rights (D) settled the issue of black citizenship by declaring that even tree black
Americans could claim no rights.
306. Kansas was finally admitted to the Union (A) as a slave state, after the referendum
on the Lecompton constitution in 1858 (B) as a flee state, after the Supreme Court
declared that the antislavery provision of the Missouri Compromise applied (C) as a free
state, after the South had seceded (D) only after the Civil War, when the issue of slavery
was finally decided and black Americans were emancipated.
307. The Lecompton constitution (A) was supported by the free-soilers in Kansas (B)
was supported by Stephen Douglas (C) was accepted by both houses of Congress (D) was
supported by President Buchanan.
308. The Panic of 1857 and subsequent depression strained sectional relations further
because (A) the South blamed Northern money managers for its plight (B) the South
blamed the West for the exorbitant food prices it was paying (C) the North thought the
South's policy of selling cotton to Europe instead of the home market brought on the
slump (D) the North blamed the South's support of a low tariff for the economic
difficulties.
309. The Lincoln-Douglas debates in 1858 raised the issue of whether (A) Congress or
the territorial settlers themselves had the authority to regulate slavery (B) to abolish
slavery in the United States (C) a compromise could be achieved on the Kansas-Nebraska
bill pending in the senate (D) any state had the right to secede from the Union.
310. In his debates with Lincoln, Douglas pragmatically admitted that (A) popular
sovereignty was the only solution to the Kansas crisis (B) one more slave state, Kansas,
would not restore the power of the South in Congress (C) even though legal, slavery
could not continue to exist in a state where most citizens opposed it (D) there was no
way, short of war, to abolish slavery.
311. As a result of the Lincoln-Douglas debates (A) Lincoln won the Republican party's
first seat in the Senate (B) the Republican party gained some strength in the border states
but was hurt in the North (C) Douglas won Southern support but lost his chance for a
presidential nomination (D) Lincoln won a national reputation and Douglas lost the
confidence of many in both the North and the South.
312. The South's stand on personal liberty laws showed that (A) slavery, not state rights,
was uppermost in the minds of Southerners (B) the South was willing to make
concessions to the North (C) the South was just as concerned with state rights as slavery
on the eve of the Civil War (D) the South was more concerned than the North with civil
rights for both blacks and whites.
313. John Brown raided the arsenal at Harper's Ferry in 1859 in order to (A) precipitate a
war between the states (B) expose Southern preparations for a civil war (C) discredit the
Northern abolitionist movement (D) obtain arms for a slave insurrection.
314. Hinton Helper's book, The Impending Crisis of the South, argued that (A) John
Sherman was unfit for the position of the Speaker of the House because of his abolitionist
views (B) the South should prepare for war since secession seemed inevitable (C) slavery
should be abolished because it was ruining non-slaveholders socially and economically
(D) slaves were being armed by Northern abolitionists for a massive uprising.
315. The Republican electoral platform of 1860 included (A) promises of homestead
legislation to help Westerners (B) support for the right of Congress to exclude slavery
from new territories (C) a promise of better protectionist tariffs for Northeasterners (D)
all of the above.
316. The campaign of 1860 started the political tradition of (A) party caucuses (B)
alternate conventions by dissident groups (C) intense campaigning in the swing states of
the Northeast and Midwest (D) nationwide campaigning by a presidential candidate.
317. The election of 1860 actually involved two separate contests (A) Breckinridge
against Bell in the South, and Douglas against Lincoln in the North (B) Breckinridge
against Douglas in the South, and Bell against Lincoln in the North (C) Bell against
Douglas in the South, and Breckinridge against Lincoln in the North (D) Bell against
Lincoln in the South, and Breckinridge against Douglas in the North.
318. The results of the 1860 presidential election, in terms of both electoral and popular
votes, showed that (A) Lincoln had support throughout the nation (B) the South held
effective "veto" power over presidential candidates (C) the South was losing its power to
affect national decisions (D) third patties could significantly affect the outcome of
elections.
319. By the time Lincoln assumed the Presidency in March 1861, how many states had
left the Union? (A) none (B) just one, South Carolina (C) the seven states in the Lower
South (D) all fifteen slave holding states.
320. In general, the states of the Upper South felt that secession was (A) inevitable (B)
illegal (C) impractical (D) intolerable.
321. The Republicans opposed the Crittenden compromise mainly[ because (A)
acceptance would have meant enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Law (B) the
Republicans feared that slavery would spread to New Mexico and other territories in the
Southwest (C) the Republicans were committed to the immediate abolition of slavery (D)
the Republicans would accept no program that encouraged the further spread of slavery.
322. Buchanan's response to Southern secession may be characterized as (A) firm and
positive (B) vacillating and conciliatory (C) consistent but insufficient (D) political and
craven.
323. Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis were alike except for (A) their birth in
frontier Kentucky (B) their fathers' financial misfortunes (C) their loss of a child during
the war (D) their appointment of strong Cabinet officers.
324. The immediate cause of the Civil War was (A) Jefferson Davis' seizure of a
Virginia arsenal (B) Lincoln's order to retake a South Carolina fort (C) a Southern attack
on a federal fort in South Carolina (D) an unauthorized attack on Charleston Harbor by
Major Anderson of the Union Army.
Duke University qs
02. President Polk accepted the 49th parallel as the Oregon boundary because of (A) the
apparent fairness of the settlement. (B) Russian threats from Alaska (C) Canada's
pressure on the United States. (D) problems with Mexico.
03. America's claim to the Oregon Territory stemmed from all the following except (A)
the Lewis and Clark expedition. (B) a grant from the British crown. (C) the settlers in the
Willamette Valley. (D) the Astor Fur Company.
04. The United States interest in making Texas a state was spurred by (A) Great
Britain's interest in Texas. (B) Texas' repeated requests for statehood (C) Mexico's desire
to sell Texas. (D) constant border clashes with Mexico.
05. All of the following battles relate to Texas' war for independence from Mexico
except (A) San Jacinto. (B) Veracruz. (C) Alamo. (D) Goliad.
06. Texas became a state by a (A) constitutional amendment. (B) joint resolution of
Congress. (C) presidential proclamation. (D) treaty.
07. In the 1820s, Stephen Austin took settlers to (A) Texas. (B) New Mexico. (C)
California (D) Utah.
08. The Americans who went to Texas in the 182Os differed from the native inhabitants
in all the following ways except (A) language. (A) desire for land (C) religion. (D)
country of origin.
09. The American settlers in Texas in the 1830s were particularly upset over Mexico's
decision to (A) tax them more heavily. (B) restrict land holding. (C) draft Texas into the
Mexican army. (D) restrict the institution of slavery.
10. The issue which led to open conflict in 1846 between the United States and Mexico
was (A) slavery. (B) rights on the seas. (C) the Texas-Mexico boundary. (D) the future of
California
11. Most people believed that what President Polk in the 18405 really wanted from
Mexico was the territory of (A) Texas. (B) New Mexico. (C) Utah. (D) California
12. The significant city captured by the Americans in the New Mexico territory during
the war with Mexico was (A) Bent's Fort. (B) Santa Fe. (C) Phoenix. (D) Tucson.
13. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo contained all the following provisions except that
(A) the Texas boundary be set at the Rio Grande. (B) the United States receive upper
California and the New Mexico and Utah Territories. (C) a strip of land across what is
now southern New Mexico and Arizona suitable for a railroad be given to the United
States. (D) the United States pay Mexico $15 million and agree to pay American citizens
money owed them by the Mexican government.
14. Many Americans opposed "Mr. Polk's War" because they felt it (A) profited the
West only. (B) would hurt northern industry. (C) would hurt the United States on the
international scene. (D) was a war for the expansion of slavery.
15. The Webster-Ashburton Treaty represented an agreement between the United States
and (A) Spain. (A) Mexico. (C) England (D) France.
16. The Aroostook "War" was over disputed territory between Maine and (A) New
Brunswick. (B) New Hampshire. (C) Massachusetts. (D) Newfoundland.
26. The Compromise of 1850 provided for all of the following except (A) California's
admission as a free state. (B) popular sovereignty in the New Mexico and Utah territories.
(C) an end to slavery in the nation's capital. (D) a stricter fugitive slave law.
27. The Compromise of 1850 was (A) accepted by everyone enthusiastically. (B) an
overall victory for northern interests. (C) a victory for southern interests. (D) pleasing to
southern "fireaters" and northern abolitionists.
01. In the 1850s, Commodore Perry opened American trade with (A) China. (B) the
Philippine Islands. (C) Japan. (D) India.
02. A marked infringement of the Monroe Doctrine in the 1860s was the (A) purchase
of Alaska. (B) Clayton-Bulwer Treaty. (C) Maximilian Affair in Mexico. (D) Ostend
Manifesto.
03. The United States took possession of these two areas in the 1860s: (A) Alaska and
Hawaii. (B) Alaska and Midway. (C) Midway and Hawaii. (D) Hawaii and Samoa.
04. A canal to shorten traveling time from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean was
seriously considered after statehood was conferred on (A) California. (B) New Mexico.
(C) Oregon. (D) Utah.
8. Stephen Douglas' response to Abraham Lincoln in the Freeport Doctrine was that
slavery (A) should not be allowed in the territories. (B) should be abolished in the states.
(C) would not last for a day or an hour unless supported by local police. (D) would
automatically expand into the northern states.
10. Slave revolts were organized by (A) Nat Turner and Frederick Douglass. (B)
Harriet Tubman and Nat Turner. (C) Nat Turner and Denmark Vesey. (D) Harriet
Tubman and Frederick Douglass.
11. The Know-Nothing Party of the 1850s displayed (A) anti-slavery sentiments. (B)
purely sectional sentiments. (C) nativist sentiments. (D) anti-abolitionist sentiments.
14. During the antebellum period, Richmond, Louisville, Charleston, and New Orleans
were all centers of (A) the slave trade. (B) manufacturing. (C) finance. (D) literature and
culture.
15. In 1860, the white population of the South was approximately (A) 20 million. (B)
12 million. (C) 8 million. (D) 4 million.
16. Of the above number, approximately how many were slave holders? (A) 7 million.
(B) 4 million. (C) 1 million. (D) less than half a million.
17. In 1859, oil was discovered in (A) Texas. (B) Oklahoma. (C) Pennsylvania. (D)
Louisiana.
18. In 1860, the leading American manufactured product was (A) textiles. (B) flour. (C)
iron. (D) shoes.
19. The two immigrant groups which came to the United States in large numbers during
the 1850s were the (A) Germans and Scots. (B) Irish and Italians. (C) Scots and Italians.
(D) Germans and Irish.
22. The Secretary of War under President Pierce who greatly strengthened the United
Sates Army and federal military installations was (A) William T. Sherman. (B) George
McClellan. (C) Jefferson Davis. (D) Ulysses S. Grant.
23. "Americans must rule America; and to this end native born citizens should be
selected to all state, federal, and municipal offices of government employment in
preference to all others." This is in the platform of the (A) Know-Nothing or American
Party. (B) Whig Party. (C) Free Soil Party. (D) Liberty Party.
24. "This Society shall aim to elevate the character and condition of the people of
color,... but this Society will never, in anyway, countenance the oppressed in vindicating
their rights by resorting to physical force." This hope and admonition were expressed by
the (A) Episcopal Bishops' Society. (B) American Anti-Slavery Society. (C) Emigrant
Aid Society. (D) American Colonization Society.
31. John Crittenden's compromise proposal of 1861 recommended that (A) the 36030
line between free and slave states be restored. (B) the slave states be allowed to leave the
Union in peace. (C) gradual emancipation be instituted. (D) future territories be admitted
on the basis of popular sovereignty.
32. The Republican Party of the 1850s was pledged to (A) abolish slavery in the
southern states. (B) support popular sovereignty. (C) stop the spread of slavery into the
territories. (D) uphold the Dred Scott decision.
35. The Dred Scott decision stated that (A) slaves were property. (B) property was
property no matter where it was taken. (C) slaves were not citizens. (D) all of the above
were true.
37. The "Young America" spirit can best be seen in the (A) Ostend Manifesto. (B) Dred
Scott decision. (C) Kansas-Nebraska Act. (D) birth of the Republican Party.
43. Both the Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Deed Scott decision (A) repealed the
Missouri Compromise. (B) called for popular sovereignty. (C) defined citizenship. (D)
repealed the Compromise of 1850.
44. The Lecompton Constitution in Kansas was supported by (A) Thaddeus Stevens.
(B) Charles Sumner. (C) Henry Ward Beecher. (D) President James Buchanan.
45. The Lincoln-Douglas debates did all the following except (A) doom Douglas in the
South. (B) arouse people to the sectional issues. (C) give Lincoln a platform. (D) make
Lincoln the senator from Illinois.
46. The North and the South began to split in the middle of the 19th century over (A)
the tariff. (B) slavery. (C) state's rights. (D) all of the above.
47. John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry (A) was an ill-conceived plan. (B) made a hero
of John Brown in the North. (C) played to the southern fear of a slave revolt. (D) did all
of the above.
49. The Republican Party in 1860 stood for (A) a protective tariff. (B) free homesteads
for settlers. (C) a better railway system. (D) all of the above.
62. The best-selling literary work of the 1850s was (A) The Liberator. (B) American
Slavery As It Is. (C) Uncle Tom's Cabin. (D) Beecher's Bibles.
63. One reason for the ruling favorable to the South in the Dred Scott decision was that
(A) the press in general took the South's position. (B) a majority of the Supreme Court
justices had southern sympathies. (C) the Constitution was dear on the issue of slavery.
(D) the Justice Department's case was clear and well organized.
65. In the 1860 election, (A) all four major candidates received electoral votes. (B)
Abraham Lincoln received a majority of the popular vote. (C) John Bell carried two
states in the lower South. (D) Stephen Douglas split the North's electoral votes fairly
evenly with Lincoln.
66. The Crittenden Compromise could not be accepted because (A) no southern leader
was willing to support compromise. (B) it did not guarantee slavery where it already
existed. (C) Abraham Lincoln would not agree to any extension of slavery. (D) it was not
satisfactory to anyone in either section.
80. The Democrats in 1856 (A) put forward a strong candidate. (B) emphasized the
sectional nature of the Republican Party. (C) divided permanently over the issue of
slavery. (D) did all of the above.
81. The Lecompton Constitution was (A) rejected by Stephen Douglas. (B) drafted by a
rump body. (C) accepted by President Buchanan. (D) all of the above.
82. "Dark horse" candidates were nominated by the Democrats for the elections of (A)
1844 and 1856. (B) 1856 and 1852. (C) 1844 and 1852. (D) 1852 and 1848.
83. The Kansas-Nebraska Act was (A) unpopular in the South. (B) popular in the
Northwest (C) popular in the North. (D) popular in the South.
84. The "Young America" movement wanted to do all of the following except (A)
settle the Great Plains. (B) export democracy and American values abroad. (C) annex
Cuba. (D) free the slaves.
"I know, and you know, that a revolution has begun....While the government of the United States,
under the conduct of the Democratic Party, has been all that time surrendering one plain and castle after
another to slavery, the people of the United States have been no less steadily and perseveringly gathering
together the forces with which to recover back again all the fields and all the castles which have been lost."
85. These words describing the irrepressible conflict were spoken by (A) William
Lloyd Garrison. (B) Theodore Weld. (C) William H. Seward. (D) Frederick Douglass.
86. "I answer that whenever it becomes necessary, inner growth and progress, to
acquire more territory, that I am in favor of it, without reference to the question of
slavery; and when we have acquired it, I will leave the people free to do as they please,
either to make it slave or free territory, as they prefer." These sentiments were expressed
by (A) Abraham Lincoln. (B) Stephen Douglas. (C) William Seward. (D) Salmon Chase.
"Now, if it is deemed necessary that I should forfeit my life for the furtherance of the ends of justice,
and mingle my blood further with the blood of my children and with the blood of millions in this slave country
whose rights are disregarded by wicked, cruel, and unjust enactments - I submit; so let it be done!"
87. These passionate words were spoken by (A) William Lloyd Garrison. (B) Frederick
Douglass. (C) John Brown. (D) Theodore Weld.
88. "I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery
in the states where it exists." These words were spoken by (A) Frederick Douglass. (B)
William Lloyd Garrison. (C) Abraham Lincoln. (D) Benjamin Wade.
89. "Secession belongs to a different class of remedies. It is to be justified upon the
basis that the states are sovereign." This statement was made in the United States Senate
in 1861 by (A) Jefferson Davis. (B) John (C) Calhoun. (C) Judah Benjamin. (D) John
Slidell.
20. Americans moved into Texas (A) when invited by the Spanish government. (B)
after an agreement was concluded between Mexican authorities and Stephen Austin. (C)
upon Sam Houston's defeat of General Santa Anna. (D) to spread Protestantism.
21. Spanish authorities allowed Moses Austin to settle in Texas because (A) they
believed that Austin and his settlers might be able to civilize the territory. (B) they
believed that the militarily powerful Austin would otherwise have taken the land by
force. (C) Spanish control of the territory was a subject of dispute between Spain and the
United States. (D) Spain planned to sell the land to the United States.
22. One reason for the Anglo-Texan rebellion against Mexican rule was that (A) the
Mexicans opposed slavery. (B) the Mexican government refused to allow the "Old Three
Hundred" to purchase land. (C) the Anglo-Texans wanted to break away from a
government that had grown too authoritarian. (D) the Anglo-Texans objected to the
Mexican government's execution of Stephen Austin.
23. The government of Mexico and the Americans who settled in Mexican-controlled
Texas clashed over all of the following issues except (A) slavery. (B) immigration. (C)
allegiance to Spain. (D) local rights.
24. Texans won their independence as a result of the victory over Mexican armies at the
Battle of (A) Santa Anna. (B) Goliad. (C) the Alamo. (D) San Jacinto.
25. Texas gained its independence with (A) help from Britain. (B) no outside
assistance. (C) help from Americans. (D) the blessing of the Mexican government.
26. Presidents Jackson and Van Buren hesitated to extend recognition to and to annex
the new Texas Republic because (A) Texans did not want to be annexed to the United
States. (B) antislavery groups in the United States opposed the expansion of slavery. (C)
they were old political opponents of the Texas president, Sam Houston. (D) public
opinion in the United States opposed annexation.
27. Most of the early American settlers in Texas came from (A) New England. (B) the
South and Southwest. (C) the Old Northwest. (D) the middle Atlantic states.
28. The "cement" that held the Whig party together in its formative days was (A) hatred
of Andrew Jackson. (B) support of the American System. (C) opposition to the AntiMasonic party. (D) the desire for a strong president.
29. The Whigs hoped to win the 1836 election by (A) supporting Henry Clay. (B) using
smear tactics. (C) forcing the election into the House of Representatives. (D) emphasizing
personality over issues.
30. The American banking system under Andrew Jackson can best be described as (A)
well capitalized. (B) centrally controlled. (C) wide open. (D) limiting bank failures.
31. As a cure for the panic of 1837, the Whigs recommended all of the following
measures except (A) expanded bank credit. (B) higher tariffs. (C) subsidies for internal
improvements. (D) the "Divorce Bill."
32. William Henry Harrison, the Whig party's presidential candidate in 1840, was (A) a
true "common man." (B) a very effective chief executive. (C) made to look like a poor
western farmer. (D) born in a log cabin.
33. The "Tippecanoe" in the Whig's 1840 campaign slogan was (A) Daniel Webster.
(B) Martin Van Buren. (C) William Harrison. (D) Nicholas Biddle.
34. The election of 1840 represented (A) a protest against hard times. (B) a campaign in
which issues had become important again. (C) a movement away from the two-party
system. (D) an end to the nomination of military heroes as presidential candidates.
35. Match each political party below with the correct descriptions of its policies.
A. Jacksonian Democrats
1. glorified the liberty of the individual
B. Whigs
2. trumpeted the values of community and social
harmony
3. tended to favor moral reforms
4. always on guard against the inroads of privilege
in government
5. eager to use the power of the federal government
to promote economic growth
6. generally clung to states' rights and federal
restraint in public policy
(A) A-1 3, 6; 8-2, 4, 5
(B) A-1, 4, 6; B-2, 3, 5
(C) A-2, 4, 6; B-1, 3, 5
(D) A-1, 5, 6; 8-2, 3, 4
36. Both the Democratic party and the Whig party (A) favored a renewed national
bank. (B) supported federal restraint in social and economic affairs. (C) were mass-based
political parties. (D) clung to states' rights policies.
37. The two political parties of the Jacksonian era tended to (A) promote sectionalism
over nationalism. (B) take radical and extreme positions on issues. (C) take similar
positions on issues such as banking. (D) be socially and geographically diverse.
1. As a result of the introduction of the cotton gin, (A) fewer slaves were needed on
the plantations. (B) short-staple cotton lost popularity. (C) slavery was reinvigorated. (D)
Thomas Jefferson predicted the gradual death of slavery.
2. Members of the planter aristocracy (A) produced fewer front-rank statesmen than
the North. (B) had a keen sense of obligation to serve the public. (C) provided democratic
rule in the South. (D) promoted tax-supported public education.
3. Plantation agriculture was wasteful largely because (A) it relied mainly on artificial
means to fertilize the soil. (B) its excessive cultivation of cotton despoiled good land. (C)
excessive water was used for irrigation. (D) it was too diversified, thus taking essential
nutrients from the soil.
4. Plantation mistresses (A) had little contact with slaves. (B) primarily controlled
male slaves. (C) frequently supported abolitionism. (D) commanded a sizable household
staff of mostly female slaves.
5. Plantation agriculture (A) led to a slow return on investments. (B) remained diverse
until the Civil War. (C) was wasteful. (D) discouraged immigration to the West.
6. The plantation system of the Cotton South was (A) increasingly monopolistic. (B)
efficient at utilizing natural resources. (C) financially stable. (D) attractive to European
immigrants.
7. All of the following were weaknesses of the slave plantation system except that (A)
it relied on a one-crop economy. (B) it repelled a large-scale European immigration. (C)
it lost significant numbers of people to the West. (D) its land continued to remain in the
hands of the small farmers.
8. German and Irish immigration to the South remained limited for all of the following
reasons except (A) competition with slave labor. (B) the high cost of land. (C) European
ignorance of cotton growing. (D) immigration barriers enacted by southern states.
9. As their main crop, southern subsistence farmers raised (A) cotton. (B) tobacco. (C)
corn. (D) rice.
10. Most white southerners were (A) planter aristocrats. (B) small slaveowners. (C)
non-slaveholding subsistence farmers. (D) "poor white trash."
11. By the mid-nineteenth century, (A) most southerners owned slaves. (B) the smaller
slaveholders owned a majority of the slaves. (C) most slaves lived on large plantations.
(D) slavery was a dying institution.
12. Most slaves in the South were owned by (A) subsistence farmers. (B) mountain
whites. (C) plantation owners. (D) small farmers.
13. The majority of southern whites owned no slaves because (A) they opposed slavery.
(B) they could not afford the purchase price. (C) their urban location did not require
them. (D) their racism would not allow them to work alongside African-Americans.
14. The most pro-Union of the white southerners were (A) "poor white trash." (B)
mountain whites. (C) small slaveowners. (D) non-slaveholding subsistence farmers.
15. Some southern slaves gained their freedom as a result of all of the following except
(A) the wave of emancipation after the War of 1812. (B) an idealism inspired by the
Revolution. (C) being the children of white masters. (D) purchasing their way out of
slavery.
16. The great increase of the slave population in the first half of the nineteenth century
was largely due to (A) the reopening of the African slave trade in 18~8. (B) larger
imports of slaves from the West Indies. (C) natural reproduction. (D) reenslavement of
free blacks.
17. Northern attitudes toward free blacks can best be described as (A) supporting their
right to full citizenship. (B) disliking the race but liking individual blacks. (C) advocating
black movement into the new territories. (D) very racist.
18. For free blacks living in the North, (A) living conditions were nearly equal to those
for whites. (B) voting rights were widespread. (C) good jobs were plentiful. (D)
discrimination was common.
19. The profitable southern slave system (A) hobbled the economic development of the
region as a whole. (B) saw many slaves moving to the upper South. (C) led to the textile
industry's development in the South first. (D) relied almost totally on importing slaves to
meet the unquenchable demand for labor.
20. Regarding work assignments, slaves were (A) given some of the most dangerous
jobs. (B) generally spared dangerous work. (C) given the same jobs as Irish laborers. (D)
usually given skilled rather than menial jobs.
21. Perhaps the slave's greatest horror, and the theme of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle
Tom's Cabin, was (A) the enforced separation of slave families. (B) slaveowners'
frequent use of the whip. (C) the breeding of slaves. (D) having to do the most dangerous
work on the plantation.
22. By 1860, slaves were concentrated in the "black belt" located in the (A) upper
South states of Kentucky, Missouri, and Tennessee. (B) Deep South states of South
Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana. (C) old South states of
Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. (D) new Southwest states of Texas,
Arkansas, and Indian Territory.
23. As a substitute for the wage-incentive system, slave-owners most often used the (A)
promise of eventual freedom. (B) reward of some legal rights. (C) right to hold private
property. (D) whip as a motivator.
24. By 1860, life for slaves was most difficult in the (A) Atlantic states of North and
South Carolina. (B) Deep South states of Georgia and Florida. (C) newer states of
Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana. (D) upper South states of Virginia and Maryland.
25. Forced separation of spouses, parents, and children was most common (A) in the
Deep South. (B) on the large plantations. (C) on small plantations and in the upper South.
(D) in the decade before the Civil War.
26. Most slaves were raised (A) without the benefit of a stable home life. (B) never
knowing anything about their relatives. (C) without religion. (D) in stable two-person
households.
27. Slaves fought the system of slavery in all of the following ways except by (A)
slowing down the work pace. (B) refusing to get an education. (C) sabotaging expensive
equipment. (D) pilfering goods that their labor had produced.
28. As a result of white southerners' brutal treatment of their slaves and their fear of
potential slave rebellions, the South (A) developed a theory of biological racial
superiority. (B) adopted British attitudes toward the "peculiar institution." (C)
emancipated many slaves. (D) shed its image as a reactionary backwater.
29. In the pre-Civil War South, the most uncommon and least successful form of slave
resistance was (A) feigned laziness. (B) sabotage of plantation equipment. (C) running
away. (D) armed insurrection.
30. Which one of the following has least in common with the other three? (A) Nat
Turner (B) Gabriel (C) Wendell Phillips (D) Denmark Vesey
31. The idea of transporting blacks back to Africa was (A) proposed by William Lloyd
Garrison. (B) never carried out. (C) the result of the widespread loathing of blacks in
America. (D) suggested by the African nation of Liberia.
32. Match each abolitionist below with his publication.
A. William Lloyd Garrison
1. Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World
B. Theodore Dwight Weld
2. The Liberator
C. Frederick Douglass
3. Narration of the Life of
D. David Walker
4. American Slavery as It Is
(A) A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2
(B) A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
(C) A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
(D) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
33. Arrange the following in chronological order: the founding of the (A) American
Colonization Society, (B) American Anti-Slavery Society, (C) Liberty party.
(A) A, B, C
(B) C, A, B
(C) B, C, A
(D) A, C, B
34. William Lloyd Garrison pledged his dedication to (A) shipping freed blacks back to
Africa. (B) outlawing the slave trade. (C) preventing the expansion of slavery beyond the
South. (D) the immediate abolition of slavery in the South.
35. Match each abolitionist below with his role in the movement.
A. Wendell Phillips
B. Frederick Douglass
C. Elijah P. Lovejoy
1. abolitionist martyr
2. black abolitionist
3. abolitionist orator
4. abolitionist financier
(A) A-4, B-2, C-1
(B) A-1, B-4, C-2
(C) A-3, B-2, C-1
(D) A-2, B-1, C-4
36. Many abolitionists turned to political action in 1840 when they backed the
presidential candidate of the (A) Free Soil party. (B) Republican party. (C) KnowNothing party. (D) Liberty party.
37. The voice of white southern abolitionism fell silent at the beginning of the (A)
1820s. (B) 1830s. (C) 1840s. (D) 1850s.
38. In arguing for the continuation of slavery after i83~, southerners (A) placed
themselves in opposition to much of the rest of the Western world. (B) were in opposition
to the North but on the side of the Western world. (C) failed to compare slaves with the
northern factory worker. (D) allowed considerable dissent in the South.
39. Those in the North who opposed the abolitionists believed that these opponents of
slavery (A) were creating disorder in America. (B) were defending the American way of
life. (C) deserved the right to speak freely. (D) had turned their backs on religion.
40. "Varying Viewpoints" notes that Ulrich B. Phillips made three claims about slavery
that have been challenged in recent years. Which of the following is not one of his
conclusions? (A) Slavery was comparable to the Nazi concentration camps. (B) Slavery
was a dying economic institution. (C) Planters treated their slaves with kindly
paternalism. (D) Slaves were passive by nature and did not abhor slavery.
1. John Tyler joined the Whig party because he (A) thought that it was the easiest way
to become president. (B) could not stomach the dictatorial tactics of Andrew Jackson. (C)
was forced to resign from the Senate. (D) believed in its pro-bank position.
2. The Whigs placed John Tyler on the 1840 ticket as vice president to (A) have him
instead of President William Henry Harrison actually run the executive branch. (B) win
northern votes. (C) attract the vote of the states' rightists. (D) reward him for his strong
support of the Whig party platform.
3. As a result of President John Tyler's veto of a bill to establish a new Bank of the
United States, (A) he was expelled from the Whig party. (B) all but one member of his
cabinet resigned. (C) an attempt was made in the House of Representatives to impeach
him. (D) all of the above.
4. To bring more money to the federal treasury, John Tyler (A) raised the price of
western land. (B) introduced an income tax. (C) supported legislation to establish a Fiscal
Bank. (D) signed into law a moderately protective tariff.
5. During an 1837 Canadian insurrection against Britain, (A) the United States stayed
neutral in word and action. (B) the United States imprisoned several American violators
of neutrality. (C) America was invaded by the British. (D) Canada warned the United
States to stay out of the conflict.
6. As a result of the panic of 1837, (A) several states defaulted on their debts to
Britain. (B) Britain lent money to America, its close ally. (C) anti-British passions cooled
in America. (D) the Democrats led America into war for more territory.
7. The British-American dispute over the border of Maine was solved (A) by war. (B)
by a compromise that gave each side some territory. (C) when America was given all of
the territory in question. (D) by the Caroline incident.
8. The Aroostook War was the result of (A) a short-lived insurrection in British
Canada. (B) the Caroline incident. (C) the offer of asylum to the crew of the Creole. (D) a
dispute over the northern boundary of Maine.
9. Arrange the following in chronological order: (A) annexation of Texas, (B)
Webster-Ashburton Treaty, (C) settlement of the Oregon boundary, (D) Aroostook War.
(A) A, B, D, C
(B) B, D, C, A
(C) D, B, A, C
(D) C, A, B, D
10. Some people in Britain hoped for a British alliance with Texas because (A) the
alliance would help to support the Monroe Doctrine. (B) this area would provide an
excellent base from which to attack the United States. (C) Mexican efforts to attack the
United States would be stopped. (D) the alliance would give abolitionists the opportunity
to free slaves in Texas.
11. One argument against annexing Texas to the United States was that the annexation
(A) could involve the country in a series of ruinous wars in America and Europe. (B)
might give more power to the supporters of slavery. (C) was not supported by the people
of Texas. (D) offered little of value to America.
12. Texas was annexed to the United States as a result of (A) Senate approval of the
Treaty of Annexation. (B) President Tyler's desire to help his troubled administration. (C)
a presidential order by Andrew Jackson. (D) the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo.
13. Arrange in chronological order the United States' acquisition of (A) Oregon, (B)
Texas, (C) California.
(A)
A, B, C
(B)
C, B, A
(C)
B, A, C
(D)
B, C, A
14. The United States' claim to the Oregon Country rested on all of the following
except the (A) presence there of missionaries and other settlers. (B) Lewis and Clark
expedition. (C) naming of the Columbia River by Captain Robert Gray. (D) Hudson's
Bay Company.
15. Most Americans who migrated to the Oregon Country were attracted by the (A) rich
soil of the Willamette River Valley. (B) expectation of fighting British troops. (C)
potential profits in the fur trade. (D) discovery of gold and silver in the Cascade
Mountains.
16. The nomination of James K. Polk as the Democrats' 1844 presidential candidate
was secured by (A) expansionists. (B) anti-Texas southerners. (C) Henry Clay. (D)
eastern business interests.
17. The area in dispute between the United States and Great Britain in 1845 lay
between (A) the forty-second parallel and the Columbia River. (B) the Columbia River,
the forty-ninth parallel, and the Pacific Ocean. (C) the 360 30' line and the Columbia
River. (D) the forty-ninth parallel and the 54' 40" line.
18. In the 184es, the view that God had ordained the growth of an American nation
stretching across North America was called (A) continentalism. (B) isolationism. (C)
anglophobia. (D) Manifest Destiny.
19. In the presidential election of 1844, the Whig candidate, Henry Clay, (A) opposed
the annexation of Texas. (B) called for immediate annexation of Texas. (C) favored
postponing the annexation of Texas. (D) ignored the issue of the annexation of Texas.
20. The election of 1844 was notable because (A) the campaign raised no real issues.
(B) a genuine mandate emerged. (C) it was fought over numerous issues. (D) Polk won
the electoral vote but lost the popular vote.
21. The group most supportive of gaining control of all the Oregon Country was the (A)
southern Democrats. (B) Whigs. (C) northern Democrats. (D) Californians.
22. In the Oregon treaty with Britain in 1846, the northern boundary of the United
States was established to the Pacific Ocean along the line of
(A) 42'
(B) 49'
(C) 54' 40"
(D) 36' 30"
23. One reason that the British government decided to compromise on the Oregon
Country border was (A) the support of the Hudson's Bay Company. (B) the fear of war
with the United States. (C) John Tyler's election to the presidency. (D) America's
acceptance of 54' 40'.
24. In his quest for California, President James K. Polk (A) advocated war with Mexico
from the beginning. (B) argued strongly for annexation, because Americans were the
most numerous people in the area. (C) first advocated buying the area from Mexico. (D)
sought British help to persuade Mexico to sell the area to the United States.
25. Arrange the following in chronological order: (A) Bear Flag revolt, (B) Slidell
mission rejected, (C) declaration of war on Mexico, (D) American troops ordered to the
Rio Grande Valley.
(A) B, D, C, A
(B) A, C, B, D
(C) D, B, A, C
(D) C, A, D, B
26. In 1846 the United States went to war with Mexico for all of the following reasons
except (A) Manifest Destiny. (B) the deaths of American soldiers at the hands of
Mexicans. (C) the desire to gain payment for damage claims against the Mexican
government. (D) the impulse to satisfy those asking for "spot" resolutions.
27. President Polk's claim that "American blood Ehad been shed] on the American soil"
referred to news of an armed clash between Mexican and American troops near (A) San
Francisco. (B) the Nueces River. (C) Santa Fe. (D) the Rio Grande.
28. During the Mexican War, the Polk administration was called upon several times to
respond to "spot" resolutions indicating where American blood had been shed to provoke
the war. The resolutions were frequently introduced by (A) Abraham Lincoln. (B) Henry
Clay. (C) Robert Gray. (D) David Wilmot.
29. One goal of Mexico in its 1846-1848 war with the United States was to (A) free
black slaves. (B) regain control of California. (C) capture slaves and take them back to
Mexico. (D) force America to make good on unpaid claims of damages to Mexican
citizens.
30. When the war with Mexico began, President James K. Polk (A) advocated taking all
of Mexico. (B) found that he could trust dethroned Mexican dictator Santa Anna. (C)
hoped to fight a limited war, ending with the conquest of California. (D) supported a
large-scale conflict.
31. Match each American officer below with his theater of command in the Mexican
War.
A. Stephen W. Kearny
B. Zachary Taylor
(C) Winfield Scott
D. John C. Fremont
1. northern Mexico
2. California
3. Santa Fe
4. Mexico City
(A) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
(B) A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
(C) A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
(D) A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
32. The terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo ending the Mexican War included
(A) United States payment of $15 million for the cession of northern Mexico. (B) United
States annexation of Texas. (C) the banning of slavery from all territory ceded to the
United States. (D) a requirement that Mexico pay $3.25 million in damages to the United
States.
33. Those people most opposed to President James K. Polk's expansionist program
were the (A) western Democrats. (B) antislavery forces. (C) Senate Democrats. (D)
supporters of Nicholas P. Trist.
34. The Wilmot Proviso (A) symbolized the burning issue of slavery in the territories.
(B) gained House and Senate approval in 1846. (C) settled once and for all the issue of
slavery in California. (D) allowed slavery in the territory taken from Mexico in 1848.
35. The Wilmot Proviso, introduced into Congress during the Mexican War, declared that
(A) Mexican territory would not be annexed to the United States. (B) slavery would be
banned from all territories that Mexico ceded to the United States. (C) the United States
should annex all of Mexico. (D) the United States should have to pay Mexico a financial
indemnity for having provoked the war.
36. The largest single addition to American territory was the (A) Louisiana Purchase.
(B) Mexican Cession. (C) Oregon Country. (D) Old Northwest.
37. The first Old World Europeans to come to California were (A) Russians. (B)
French. (C) Spanish. (D) English.
38. The Spanish Franciscan missionaries treated the native inhabitants of California (A)
with kindness. (B) well but refused to convert them to Christianity. (C) very harshly. (D)
better than they treated their African slaves.
39. When the Mexican government secularized authority in California, (A) missionaries
gained power. (B) slavery became an accepted practice. (C) convicts brought in by Spain
were expelled. (D) Californios eventually gained control of the land.
40. The Californios' political ascendancy in California ended (A) with the arrival of
Franciscan friars. (B) as a result of the influx of Anglo golddiggers. (C) when Mexico
gained control of the area in 1826. (D) when agriculture became more profitable than
mining.
1. In order to maintain the two great political parties as vital bonds of national unity,
early-nineteenth-century politicians (A) decided to ban slavery from all United States
territories. (B) decided to allow slavery into all United States territories. (C) avoided
public discussion of slavery. (D) banished abolitionists from membership in either
national party.
2. The United States' victory in the Mexican War resulted in (A) renewed controversy
over the issue of extending slavery into the territories. (B) a possible split in the Whig
and Democrat parties over slavery. (C) the cession by Mexico of an enormous amount of
land to the United States. (D) all of the above.
3. The Wilmot Proviso, if adopted, would have (A) prevented the taking of any
territory from Mexico. (B) required California to enter the Union as a slave state. (C)
overturned the Fugitive Slave Law. (D) prohibited slavery in any territory acquired in the
Mexican War.
4. The debate over slavery in the Mexican Cession (A) threatened to split national
politics along North-South lines. (B) nearly resulted in the return of the territory to
Mexico. (C) resulted in the formation of the Republican party. (D) all of the above.
5. In 1848, the Free Soil party platform advocated all of the following except (A)
support of the Wilmot Proviso. (B) opposition to internal improvements. (C) free
government homesteads for settlers. (D) opposition to slavery in the territories.
6. According to the principle of "popular sovereignty," the question of slavery in the
territories would be determined by (A) the vote of the people in any given territory. (B) a
national referendum. (C) congressional legislation. (D) a Supreme Court decision.
7. The public liked popular sovereignty because it (A) stopped the spread of slavery.
(B) fit in with the democratic tradition of self-determination. (C) provided a national
solution to the problem of slavery. (D) supported the Wilmot Proviso.
8. In the 1848 presidential election, the Democratic and Whig parties (A) lost to the
Free Soil party. (B) addressed the issue of slavery. (C) remained silent on the issue of
slavery. (D) abandoned the tactic of nominating military leaders.
9. The key issue for the major parties in the 1848 presidential election was (A)
personalities. (B) slavery. (C) expansion. (D) Indian removal.
10. The event that brought turmoil to the administration of Zachary Taylor was the (A)
passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act. (B) influx of immigrants to the west coast. (C)
discovery of gold in California. (D) growth of lawlessness in California.
11. The Free Soilers argued that slavery (A) was suited to the West. (B) would cause
more costly wage labor to wither away. (C) would, through its profits, enable small
farmers to buy more land. (D) all of the above.
12. Of those people going to California during the gold rush, (A) the majority had come
from foreign nations. (B) slaves constituted a sizable minority. (C) the majority gained
considerable financial rewards. (D) a distressingly high proportion were lawless men.
13. The Free Soilers condemned slavery because (A) of the harm it did to blacks. (B) of
moral principles. (C) it destroyed the chances of free white workers to rise to selfemployment. (D) it was the only way they had of combating the appeal of the Republican
party.
14. By 1850, the South (A) was experiencing economic difficulties. (B) feared that
slavery might be abolished in states where it already existed. (C) remained concerned
about its weak voice in national government. (D) was relatively well off, politically and
economically.
15. Harriet Tubman gained fame (A) by helping slaves to escape to Canada. (B) in the
gold fields of California. (C) as an African-American poet. (D) as an advocate of the
Fugitive Slave Law.
16. During the 1850s, slaves gained their freedom most frequently by (A) running
away. (B) self-purchase. (C) rebellion. (D) use of federal laws.
17. John (C) Calhoun's plan to protect the South and slavery involved (A) the election
of two presidents, one from the North and one from the South. (B) southern secession
from the Union. (C) support of Henry Clay's proposed concessions by both the North and
the South. (D) repealing the president's veto power.
18. Daniel Webster's famed Seventh of March speech in 1850 resulted in (A) Senate
rejection of a fugitive-slave law. (B) a shift toward compromise in the North. (C)
condemnation by northern commercial interests. (D) charges of accepting bribes.
19. In his Seventh of March speech, Daniel Webster (A) attacked Henry Clay's
compromise proposals. (B) called for a new, more stringent fugitive-slave law. (C)
advocated a congressional ban on slavery in the territories. (D) proposed a scheme for
electing two presidents, one from the North and one from the South, each having veto
power.
20. For his position in his Seventh of March speech, Daniel Webster was viciously
condemned by (A) northern Unionists. (B) northern banking and commercial interests.
(C) abolitionists. (D) Henry Clay.
21. The Young Guard from the North (A) regarded preserving the Union as their top
priority. (B) agreed fully with the Old Guard on the issue of slavery. (C) were most
interested in purging and purifying the Union. (D) gave support to John (C) Calhoun's
plan for rescuing the Union.
22. In the debates of 1850, Senator William H. Seward, as a representative of the
northern Young Guard, argued that (A) the Constitution must be obeyed. (B) John C.
Calhoun's compromise plan must be adopted to preserve the Union. (C) Christian
legislators must obey God's moral law. (D) compromise must be achieved to preserve the
Union.
23. During the debate of 1850 __________ argued that there was a "higher law" than
the Constitution that compelled him to demand the exclusion of slavery from the
territories. (A) William H. Seward (B) Henry Clay (C) Daniel Webster (D) Stephen A.
Douglas
24. President Zachary Taylor unknowingly helped the cause of compromise in 1850
when he (A) led an invasion of Texas to halt its attempts to take part of New Mexico. (B)
supported fellow southerner John C. Calhoun's plan for union. (C) died suddenly and
Millard Fillmore became president. (D) ushered in a second Era of Good Feelings.
25. Southern delegates met at a convention in Nashville in the summer of 1850 to (A)
plan southern secession. (B) condemn the compromises being worked out in Congress.
(C) propose a series of constitutional amendments. (D) denounce Daniel Webster as a
trciitor to the South.
26. In the Compromise of 1850, Congress determined that slavery in the New Mexico
and Utah territories was (A) to be banned. (B) protected by federal law. (C) to be decided
by popular sovereignty. (D) to be ignored until either territory applied for admission to
statehood.
27. The most alarming aspect of the Compromise of 1850 to northerners was the
decision concerning (A) slavery in the District of Columbia. (B) slavery in the New
Mexico and Utah territories. (C) the new Fugitive Slave Law. (D) settlement of the
Texas-New Mexico boundary dispute.
28. The Fugitive Slave Law included all of the following provisions except (A) the
requirement that fugitive slaves be returned from Canada. (B) denial of a jury trial to
runaway slaves. (C) denial of fleeing slaves' right to testify on their own behalf. (D) the
penalty of imprisonment for northerners who helped slaves to escape.
29. Many northern states passed "personal liberty laws" in response to the Compromise
of 1850's decision on (A) slavery in the District of Columbia. (B) slavery in the
territories. (C) runaway slaves. (D) the interstate slave trade.
30. In light of future evidence, it seems apparent that in the Compromise of 1850 the
South made a tactical blunder by (A) allowing a ban on the slave trade in Washington,
D.(C) (B) demanding a strong fugitive-slave law. (C) not insisting on federal protection
of slavery in the territories. (D) allowing the admission of California as a free state.
31. The fatal split in the Whig party in 1852 occurred over (A) the nomination of
General Winfield Scott or Daniel Webster. (B) slavery. (C) protective tariffs. (D)
homestead laws.
32. The election of 1852 was significant because it (A) saw the victory of a pro-South
northerner. (B) marked the return of an issues-oriented campaign. (C) saw the rise of
purely national parties. (D) marked the end of the disorganized Whig party.
33. For a short time in the 1850s, an American seized control of (A) Nicaragua. (B)
Cuba. (C) Japan. (D) El Salvador.
34. The man who opened Japan to the United States was (A) William Walker. (B)
Franklin Pierce. (C) Matthew Perry. (D) Clayton Bulwer.
35. The prime objective of Manifest Destiny in the 1850s was (A) Panama. (B)
Nicaragua. (C) Cuba. (D) California.
36. The United States' scheme to gain control of Cuba was stopped when (A) Spain
threatened war. (B) northern free-soilers fiercely protested the effort. (C) U.S. leaders
signed the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty. (D) Cuba refused to go along with the plan.
37. The most brazen scheme for territorial expansion in the 1850s was expressed in the
(A) Clayton-Bulwer Treaty. (B) Wilmot Proviso. (C) Ostend Manifesto. (D) Gadsden
Purchase.
38. The way to keep the new Pacific Coast territories from breaking away from United
States control was (A) to allow slavery in these areas. (B) to establish a sea route to the
west coast. (C) to grant the territories quick statehood. (D) to construct a transcontinental
railroad.
39. A southern route for the transcontinental railroad seemed the best because (A)
northern areas were organized territories. (B) slave labor could be used to construct it. (C)
the railroad would be easier to build in this area. (D) Mexican leader Santa Anna agreed
to contribute money for the project.
40. Stephen A. Douglas proposed that the question of slavery in the Kansas-Nebraska
Territory be decided by (A) popular sovereignty. (B) making Kansas a free territory and
Nebraska a slave territory. (C) the Supreme Court. (D) admitting both California and
Kansas-Nebraska to the Union.
41. Stephen A. Douglas's plans for deciding the slavery question in the KansasNebraska Bill required repeal of the (A) Compromise of 1850. (B) Missouri
Compromise. (C) Wilmot Proviso. (D) Northwest Ordinance.
42. One of Stephen Douglas's mistakes in proposing the Kansas-Nebraska Act was (A)
not securing the transcontinental railroad for the North. (B) overestimating the protest to
the bill. (C) allowing slavery to spread into new territory. (D) underestimating the depth
of northern opposition to the spread of slavery.
1. Which of the following is not true about Frederick Douglass? (A) He believed that
racial discrimination was a uniquely southern phenomenon. (B) He was horn into slavery
in Maryland but escaped at age twenty and later purchased his freedom. (C) He broke
with William Lloyd Garrison to launch his own antislavery newspaper, The North Star.
(D) He was an eloquent and passionate orator.
2. Which of the following was not characteristic of the late antebellum period? (A)
Immigration increased dramatically. (B) Technological advances profoundly altered the
lives of Americans. (C) Railroad construction decline(D) (D) Wall Street in New York
City became the nation's financial center.
3. Of all those entering the United States from foreign countries in this period, by far
the most numerous were the (A) Germans (B) Italians (C) Irish (D) Poles (E) Dutch
4. The Wilmot Proviso was intended to (A) extend the Missouri Compromise line to
the Pacific (B) give legal sanction to popular sovereignty (C) prohibit bit the extension of
slavery into territory acquired from Mexico (D) abolish slavery in the United States.
5. According to the doctrine of popular sovereignty (A) Congress would make the
final determination as to whether a territory would be slave or free (B) a national
referendum would determine the issue of slavery (C) the question of slavery should be
decided for the entire nation by the Supreme Court (D) the people of a territory would
decide the status of slavery therein.
6. Which of the following is not true about Zachary Taylor? (A) He was a southerner.
(B) He was a slaveowner. (C) He opposed the doctrine of popular sovereignty. (D) He
had taken no public position on the major issues.
7. The Compromise of 1850 contained all of the following except (A) the extension of
the Missouri Compromise line to the Pacific (B) admission of California to the Union as
a free state (C) a stronger federal Fugitive Slave Law (D) organization of the New
Mexico Territory without any restrictions on slavery.
8. The Compromise of 1850 failed to get through Congress in the form of an
Omnibus. but the compromise was saved when the various parts were voted on
individually. The man generally credited with rescuing the Compromise of 1850 was (A)
Henry Clay (B) Thomas Hart Benton (C) Stephen Douglas (D) Abraham Lincoln.
9. The Compromise of 1850 (A) was completely ignored by the South (B) was
wholeheartedly accepted by the North (C) proved to be only a temporary armistice in the
slavery controversy (D) proved to be a final settlement to the slavery controversy.
10. The publication of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin (A) greatly
inflamed sectional tensions (B) helped improve relations between North and South (C)
presented a factual, documentary account of slavery by a woman who had a great deal of
firsthand experience with It (D) portrayed Southern slaveowners in a sympathetic light.
11. Which provision of the Compromise of 1850 most incensed northerners? (A) the
Fugitive Slave Act (B) California's admission to the Union (C) the establishment of the
New Mexico Territory without restrictions on slavery (D) the section dealing with the
slave trade in the District of Columbia.
12. Following the election of 1852, the struggle between its "Conscience" and "Cotton"
elements eventually led to the disintegration of the party. (A) Whig (B) Democratic (C)
Free Soil (D) Republican.
13. President Franklin Pierce attempted to take the country's attention off the slavery
question by attempting to acquire new territories, most notably
1. Cuba
2. Haiti
3. Hawaii
4. Alaska
5. the Philippines
(A) 1,2,4,and 5
(B) l and 3
(C) 2,4, and 5
(D) 1,3, and 4
14. The area obtained by the United States in the Gadsden Purchase was located (A)
along the southern edge of present-day Arizona and Mexico (B) along the northern
border of Oregon (C) between the Nueces River and Rio Grande in Texas (D) along the
border between Maine and Canada.
15. The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 (A) explicitly repealed the Missouri
Compromise (B) forbade slavery in either of the new territories (C) forbade slavery in
Nebraska Territory only (D) forbade slavery in Kansas Territory only.
16. Which of the following is not associated with "bleeding Kansas"? (A) the sacking
of Lawrence (B) the Pottawatomie massacre. (C) the Dred Scott case (D) the Lecompton
Constitution
17. As a result of his scathing antislavery speech, "The Crime against Kansas," Senator
Charles Sumner of Massachusetts (A) was publicly censured by the U.S. Senate (B) lost
Southern support in his bid for the presidential nomination (C) was physically assaulted
by Congressman Preston Brooks of South Carolina (D) became the leading spokesman of
the Republican party.
18. The Know-Nothing party opposed
1. immigrants
3. nativists
2. Catholics
4. secret organizations
(A) 1 and 2 only
(B) 1 and 3 only
(C) 2 and 4 only
(D) 1,2,3, and 4
19. In 1856 the Republican party ran a vigorous campaign under the slogan Free
Speech, Free Press, Free Men, Free Territory." Its candidate for president was (A)
Abraham Lincoln (B) Stephen Douglass (C) William H. Seward (D) John (C) Fremont.
20. With regard to slavery, tile Republican party believed (A) it should be abolished
everywhere (B) the people of a territory should decide the issue for themselves (C) it
should not be allowed to expand into the territories (D) slaves should be re-colonized in
Africa.
21. James Buchanan was (A) a military hero of the Mexican War (B) a northerner
sympathetic to the South (C) a political novice (D) a staunch opponent of popular
sovereignty
22. As a result of the Dred Scott decision (A) all territories were open to slavery (B)
Dred Scott was granted his freedom (C) Congress was given exclusive jurisdiction over
slavery in the territories (D) blacks gained limited legal rights.
23. The Lecompton Constitution (A) was a virulent antislavery document (B) was
opposed by President Buchanan (C) was overwhelmingly defeated by Kansas voters (D)
was strongly defended by Stephen A. Douglas.
26. John Brown (A) was hanged for mass murder at Pottawatomie Creek in Kansas (B)
became a martyr to the antislavery cause (C) Initiated a major slave uprising in Virginia
(D) was acquitted of treason after his capture at Harper's Ferry.
27. In the election of 1860 (A) Lincoln was not on the ballot in tell southern states (B)
the Democratic party remained united in spite of the agitation over slavery (C) most
southern Democrats backed Stephen Douglas (D) the Constitutional Union party
advocated allowing the southern states to leave the Union peacefully.
28. All of tile following are true of the election of 1860 except (A) the voters were
confronted with clear-cut choices (B) Republicans refused to take secession talk from
Southerners seriously (C) Lincoln was portrayed in the South as a cautious, conservative
Republicans (D) Lincoln conceded the constitutional right of the Southern states to
preserve slavery within their borders.
29. Which of the following specifically repudiated the Missouri Compromise?
1. the Compromise of 1850
2. the Dred Scott decision
3. the Kansas-Nebraska Act
4. the Crittenden Compromise
(A) 1,2, and 3
(B) 2 and 3
(C) 2
(D) 1,2,3, and 4
30. Which of the following was not one of the original seven states to join the
Confederacy? (A) Alabama (B) Virginia (C) Mississippi (D) Texas.
31. What action convinced the states of Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and
Tennessee to leave the Union and join the Confederacy? (A) Lincoln's election (B) the
attack on Fort Sumter (C) moving the capital to Richmond, Virginia (D) Lincoln's call for
seventy-five thousand volunteers to suppress the rebellion.
32. At the beginning of the Civil War, the South enjoyed all of the following advantages
except (A) it was fighting a defensive war (B) it was fighting mostly on its own territory
with the support of a friendly population (C) it had a better transportation system (D) a
more unified population.
33. When the Civil War began, the North enjoyed all of the following advantages over
the South except (A) larger population (B) better generals (C) more and better railroads
(D) greater industrial capability.
34. At the beginning of the Civil War, southerners thought that their principal advantage
over the North was (A) fighting a defensive war (B) the diplomatic leverage of cotton (C)
their greater military tradition (D) the support of a loyal class of slaves.
35. Which of the following is not true about John Brown? (A) He was a man of very high
abstract standards but was unable to live up to them. (B) He was a very successful
businessman before turning to his full-time crusade against slavery. (C) He was sued no
less than twenty-one times, usually for defaulting on financial obligations. (D) He was
taught to hate slavery by his father and gradually became increasingly committed to
fighting against it.
36. Brown's Boston supporters saw him as all of the following except (A) a man of
weak will (B) an Old Testament prophet (C) a man of action (D) a Highland chief.
37. Which of the following famous people was not an acquaintance of John Brown? (A)
Henry Thoreau (B) Frederick Douglass (C) Abraham Lincoln (D) Ralph Waldo Emerson
39. When Brown returned to Kansas in 1857 (A) he was welcomed as a returning hero
(B) he was offered a position in territorial government (C) the antislavery party wanted
nothing to do with him (D) he was immediately given command of the antislavery militia
40. John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry, (A) Brown's attack was merely a raid (B)
Brown had gone insane before launching the attack (C) Brown enjoyed great support
from slaves in the area immediately surrounding Harper's Ferry, and they were prepared
to rush to his aid (D) his enterprise was of vast magnitude and meant to produce a
revolutionary slave uprising.
When Ralph Waldo Emerson said in 1850, “This filthy enactment was made in
the 19 century by people who could read and write,” he was referring to the (A) KansasNebraska Act (B) Fugitive Slave Act (C) Homestead Act (D) Walker Tariff Act (E)
Wilmot Proviso.
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