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CLIMATE AND CLEAN AIR COALITION TO REDUCE SHORT-LIVED CLIMATE P OLLUTANTS
Executive Summary
Background
In February 2012, the Climate and Clean Air Coalition to Reduce Short-Lived Climate Pollutants
(CCAC) was launched by six governments and the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) to catalyze
major reductions in short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) with an initial focus on black carbon,
methane and some hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Compelling scientific evidence indicates that fast
action to reduce these pollutants, especially methane and black carbon, has the potential to slow down
the warming expected by 2050 by as much as 0.5°C, as well as prevent more than two million
premature deaths each year and annual crop losses of more than 30 million tonnes.
The CCAC is the first global effort to treat short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) as a collective
challenge.Less than a year later, the CCAC has 36 partners, including 20 State Partners and 3 IGOs
and 13 NGOs who have endorsed the Framework for the Coalition and committed to mitigating
SLCPs to protect human health and the environment now and slow the rate of climate change within
the first half of this century (see Annex).
CCAC Governance structure
The three governing bodies of the CCAC include: the High Level Assembly, comprised of high level
representatives of all Partners including Ministers from State Partners and leaders from the non-State
Partners meeting at least once per year; the Working Group, comprised of all Coalition Partners
meeting at least two times per year; and a Steering Committee, comprised of the two Co-Chairs of the
Working Group, four State Partners, and one representative for the IGOs, and one representative for
the NGOs. These three governing bodies are supported by the Secretariat, which is hosted by UNEP in
its Division of Technology, Industry and Economics in Paris, France.
The work of the Coalition is supported by a Science Advisory Panel, which includes the following
members: Markus Amann, IIASA (Austria); KalpanaBalakrishnan, Sri Ramachandra Medical College
(India); Johan Kuylenstierna, Stockholm Environment Institute (UK); Mario Molina (Mexico);
VeerabhadranRamanathan, Scripps Institute (USA); Drew Shindell, NASA GISS (USA);
YoubaSokona, African Climate Policy Center (Ethiopia); LeenaSrivastava, The Energy and Resources
Institute TERI (India); and Joseph Alcamo, UNEP Chief Scientist (ex officio). The UNEP Chief
Scientist as ex officio convened the first meeting of this panel in October 2012.
CCAC Initiatives
The CCAC is working with a broad range of key stakeholders such as national sub-national and local
governments, international, regional, national and local institutions and initiatives, the private sector to
reduce SLCPs, with a primary focus on black carbon, methane and some hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs).
Reducing Black Carbon Emissions from Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles and Engines.The CCAC will
work to reduce the climate and health impacts of black carbon and particulate matter (PM) emissions
in the transport sector. The CCAC will work to reduce these emissions through commitments by
governments, regional institutions, cities, across the private sector, and other major stakeholders to
achieve catalytic, large-scale and replicable reductions of black carbon emissions. The focus will
address heavy duty diesel vehicles and engines within the freight transportation supply chain by
engaging private sector interests; urban areas through the implementation of city action plans; and
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countries through the adoption of a range of measures for reducing sulphur in fuels and vehicle
emissions.
In a first phase to be completed early in 2013, the CCAC will focus its work on the reduction of diesel
PM/black carbon emissions from heavy duty vehicles in Latin America and Asia through the
introduction of low sulfur diesel fuels and the adoption of vehicles emissions standards for heavy duty
vehicles at the city, national and regional levels.These activities are led by the UN Environment
Programme and the United States in collaboration with a number of other Coalition Partners.
Mitigating SLCPs and Other Pollutants from Brick Production.The CCAC is working to reduce
SLCPs and other pollutants from brick production. Brick production has been identified as an
important area where substantial emission reductions can be made for black carbon and other
pollutants, including toxics. Brick production is an ancient activity that took place in most parts of the
world. Although brick production in the developed world has decreased over the past decades, it has
also gone through modernization. In contrast, as urbanization in developing countries has grown in
recent years, modernization has not necessarily reached the brick-making/production sector. Cleaner
brick production alternatives exist, including mechanized and high-energy efficient technologies. In
addition, there are a number of integrated approaches to address this complex problem involving not
only environmental but social and economic issues.
Mexico is leading this effort to place the issue of SLCP emissions from inefficient brick production
onto national governments’ agendas to catalyze political engagement and action. The first phase of the
initiative focuses on awareness raising and capacity building in Latin America, Africa and Asia. An
expert task force has been convened to guide the work of this initiative. The first workshop on public
policies to mitigate the impacts from brick production took place on 4-6 September 2012 in
Guanajuato, Mexico.
Mitigating SLCPs from Landfills and Municipal Solid Waste.The CCAC is working to address
methane, black carbon, and other air pollutants emissions across the municipal solid waste sector by
working with cities and national governments. This initiative will be a catalysing force to reduce
methane and air pollution across the municipal solid waste sector by securing city and country
commitments to undertake a variety of best practice policies and strategies for waste management.
The initiative was successfully launched at the Rio+20 UN Conference on Sustainable Development in
June 2012. In a first phase of activities, the CCAC will support a number of cities to develop strategies
for reducing SLCPs from waste and build a knowledge network for sharing best practices in cities
around the world. These activities are led by Canada, Mexico, the United States, the UN Environment
Programme and the World Bank in collaboration with a number of other Partners.
Promoting HFC Alternative Technology and Standards.The CCAC will promote HFC alternative
technology and standards, including through activities, such as, developing sector-specific HFC
inventories, demonstrations of HFC alternatives, information dissemination and capacity building
through key networks, and leveraging government procurement policies. The CCAC will work to
bring high-level visibility to HFC reduction efforts, and facilitate dialogue with industry leaders who
are committed to responsible approaches or who can contribute in areas of technology development,
commercialization and deployment.
In a first phase of activities, the CCAC will support the development of HFC inventories in a number
of developing countries, organize a Commercial Refrigeration technology Forum in Montreal on
December 8, 2012, support the production of case studies and dissemination of information on low2
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GWP options for specific subsectors. As part of its first actions, the CCAC supported the “Advancing
Ozone and Climate Protection Technologies: Next Steps Conference” which took place from 21-22
July in Bangkok.These activities are led by the U.S. in collaboration with many other Partners.
Accelerating Methane and Black Carbon Reductions from Oil and Natural Gas Production.The
CCACis working with a group of key stakeholders and countries in the oil and natural gas sector to
encourage cooperation and support the implementation of new and existing measures to substantially
reduce SLCP emissions from natural gas venting, leakage, and flaring.The initiative will build on
existing programs and work with participating governments, companies, financial institutions, and
other stakeholders to more fully capture and utilize vented, leaked, and flared natural gas through cost
effective strategies. The oil and gas sector accounts for more than 20% of all anthropogenic emissions
of methane globally.Nigeria and the United States are leading this initiative.
Promoting SLCP National Action Planning (NAP).The CCAC will work with interested national
governments to support the rapid roll-out of national action planning (NAP) for SLCP mitigation.The
rapid development of NAP will enable countries to identify achievable ‘quick-win’ benefits, and to
prepare the ground for large-scale implementation of mitigation measures geared to their unique
national circumstances, priorities and particular mix of SLCP sources.
In the pilot phase, the CCAC will engage with four developing countries in Asia, Latin America,
namely Bangladesh, Colombia, Ghana and Mexico to support the rapid development of national action
planning. More countries will be supported in subsequent phases.A national action planning guide and
a rapid emissions and scenarios assessment toolkit to determine current emissions, emission scenarios
and support rapid benefit estimation will also be developed for voluntary use by governments.These
activities are led by Mexico, UNEP, the Stockholm Environment Institute and the Molina Center for
Strategic Studies in Energy and the Environment.
Financing Mitigation of SLCPs.While multiple means of financing SLCP mitigation already exist,
they are not currently translating into high-enough levels of financial flows. In order to take advantage
of all mitigation opportunities,are the CCAC aims to scale-up SLCP mitigation financing and will
work with governments, the private sector, donors, financial institutions, expert groups and investors’
networks to address current knowledge gaps, barriers to financing and implementation of SLCP
reduction projects and identify existing and potential avenues and mechanisms to bolster financial
flows toward SLCP reduction activities at the national and international scales.UNEP-Finance
Initiative and the World Bank are leading this initiative in collaboration with a number of other
Partners.
Funding of the CCAC
Approximately US$ 14 million has been pledged to the Coalition Trust Fund, of which approximately
US$6.2 million has been deposited and funding activities under the initiatives.
Contact information
Secretariat
Climate and Clean Air Coalition to Reduce Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (CCAC)
United Nations Environment Programme
15 rue de Milan
75441 Paris Cedex 09, France
Tel: +33 (0) 1 44 37 14 50
www.unep.org/ccac
ccac_secretariat@unep.org
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ANNEX
CCAC Partners
(as of 29 October 2012)
State and REIO Partners (20)
Australia
Bangladesh
Canada
Colombia
Denmark
EuropeanCommission
Finland
France
Germany
Ghana
Israel
Italy
Japan
Jordan
Mexico
Nigeria
Norway
Sweden
United Kingdom
United States
Non-State Partners (16)
Intergovernmental organizations (3)
UN Development Programme (UNDP)
UN Environment Programme (UNEP)
World Bank
Non-governmental organizations (13)
Bellona Foundation
Clean Air Initiative for Asian Cities (CAI-Asia)
Clean Air Task Force
ClimateWorks Foundation
Earthjustice
Environmental Defense Fund (EDF)
Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves
Institute for Governance and Sustainable Development (IGSD)
International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT)
International Cryosphere Climate Initiative (ICCI)
International Union of Air Pollution Prevention and Environmental Protection Associations (IUAPPA)
Molina Center for Strategic Studies in Energy and the Environment
Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI)
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