Centella (Hydrocotyle) asiatica )‫ ספלילה (סנטלה‬Centella asiatica
.‫ לרכך ולהגמיש את העור‬,‫ בעל יכולת מופלאה להרגיע‬,‫ ממקור ציילוני‬Centella Asiatica ‫ תמצית מצמח‬- ‫● סנטלה‬
‫ למשל במניעת סימני מתיחה ובאיחוי צלקות (בעבר‬- ‫במחקרים מדעיים נמצא יעיל ומשפיע לטובה על איחוי ושיקום העור‬
.)‫הרחוק שימש לריפוי נגעי הצרעת‬
‫) משפר את מבנה הרקמות החיבוריות ואת זרימת הדם‬Centella asiatica( ‫צמח סנטלה‬
.‫ מגן על שלמות וגמישות כלי הדם ומונע התקשותם‬,‫בוורידים ותוספת של ביופלנואידים‬
‫פלבנואיד הנקרא קווארציטין נמצא כבעל יכולת הגנה על כלי הדם מרמות סוכר גבוהות‬
.‫בדם‬
1: Toxicol In Vitro. 2007 Jul 18; [Epub ahead of print]
Links
Antigenotoxic role of Centella asiatica L. extract
against cyproterone acetate induced genotoxic
damage in cultured human lymphocytes.
Siddique YH, Ara G, Beg T, Faisal M, Ahmad M, Afzal M.
Human Genetics and Toxicology Laboratory, Section of Genetics,
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim
University, Aligarh 202 002, UP, India.
The majority of the Indian population use traditional natural
preparations derived from plant material for the treatment of
various diseases, and for that reason it becomes necessary to assess
the mutagenic potential or modulating action of plants extract when
associated with other substances. The genotoxicity testing provides
human a risk assessment. Earlier in vitro and in vivo studies reveal
that the plant extracts from various parts of the plant play a
modulating role in xenobiotic ‫חומרים שנספגו בגוף מהסביבה‬
‫צומח‬/‫חי‬effects. Identification and characterization of some active
principles may lead to the development of the strategies to reduce
the risk for developing cancer in humans. Cyproterone acetate
(CPA), a synthetic progestin is not only a genotoxic agent but also
a tumor initiating agent. It is used in oral contraceptives
formulations and also in the treatment of various sexual and
metabolic disorders. In this context, the antigenotoxic effect of
Centella asiatica L. extract was studied against the genotoxic effect
induced by CPA on human lymphocytes using chromosomal
aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges as parameters. The
treatment of the two doses of CPA, i.e. 20 and 30muM was given
along with the C. asiatica extract at the dosages of 1.075x10(-4),
2.125x10(-4), 3.15x10(-4) and 4.17x0(-4)g/ml of culture medium.
A clear dose dependent decrease in the genotoxic damage of CPA
was observed, suggesting a protective role of C. asiatica extract
during CPA therapy. The results of the present study suggest that
the plant extract per se do not have genotoxic potential, but can
modulate the genotoxicity of CPA on human lymphocytes in vitro.
.‫האינדיאנים השתמשו בצמח סנטלה למגוון שימושים‬
.‫ על לימפוציטים‬CPA ‫נבדקה ההשפעה של מיצוי הצמח על הגנוטוקסיות של החומר‬
.‫ההנחה היא שמיצוי הצמח מפחית מהנזק שנגרם לגנים עקב החומר הנ"ל‬
‫ בריכוזים של‬,‫לימפוציטים שנחשפו לחומר הטוקסי טופלו בצמח סנטלה‬
1.075x10(-4),
)0.002%( 2.125x10(-4),
)0.003%( 3.15x10(-4)
‫ ההשפעה החיובית‬.‫ בתרבית תאים‬,‫) גרם למיליליטר‬0.004%( 4.17x0(-4)g/ml
.‫כמות‬-‫(הפחתת הטוקסיות) הייתה תלויית‬
1: Phytother Res. 2007 Jul 18; [Epub ahead of print]
Links
Screening of Indian medicinal plants for
acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.
Mukherjee PK, Kumar V, Houghton PJ.
Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories,
Franklin‐ Wilkins Building, King's College London, 150 Stamford
Street, London SE1 9NH, UK.
The cholinergic hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has
provided the rationale for the current pharmaco-therapy of this
disease, in an attempt to reduce the cognitive decline caused by
cholinergic deficits. Nevertheless, the search for potent and longacting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors that exert minimal
side effects in AD patients is still ongoing. AChE inhibitors are
currently the only approved therapy for the treatment of
Alzheimer's disease; only a limited number of drugs are
commercially available. Hydroalcohol extracts of six herbs,
Andrographis paniculata, Centella asiatica, Evalvulus alsinoides,
Nardostachys jatamansi, Nelumbo nucifera, Myristica fragrans
used in Indian systems of medicine, were tested for in vitro
acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity based on Ellman's method
in 96-well microplates using AChE obtained from bovine
erythrocytes. The results showed that the hydroalcohol extract from
Centella asiatica, Nardostachys jatamansi, Myristica fragrans,
Evalvulus alsinoides inhibited 50% of AChE activity at
concentrations of 100-150 microg/mL. Andrographis paniculata
and Nelumbo nucifera extracts showed a weak inhibition of
acetylcholinesterase with IC(50) values of 222.41 +/- 19.87
microg/mL and 185.55 +/- 21.24 microg/mL, respectively.
Physostigmine was used as a standard and showed inhibition of
acetylcholinesterase with an IC(50) value of 0.076 +/- 0.0042
microg/mL. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
‫ (נבדקו עוד צמחי מרפא בשימוש‬,‫סנטלה נבדק כמדכא אצטיל כולין אסטרז‬
‫ מפעילות‬50% ‫ נמצא כמדכא‬.‫ זאת כאלטרנטיבה לטיפול באלצהיימר‬.)‫האינדיאנים‬
.)10-15%( .‫ מיקרוגרם למ"ל‬100-150 ‫האסטרזות בריכוזים של‬
1: J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2007 Jun;9(4):407-14.
Links
Chemical constituents of Centella asiatica.
Siddiqui BS, Aslam H, Ali ST, Khan S, Begum S.
H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical
Sciences, University of Karachi. Karachi. Pakistan.
Studies on the chemical constituents of the aerial part of Centella asiatica have
led to the isolation of three new compounds, named centellin (1), asiaticin (2),
and centellicin (3). Their structures have been elucidated through spectral
studies including 2D NMR experiments (HMQC, HMBC, (1)H-(1)H COSY,
NOESY and J resolved
.‫ מרכיבים מהצמח‬3 ‫בודדו‬
1: Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2006 Sep;5(3):169-80.
Links
A review of the microcirculation in skin in patients
with chronic venous insufficiency: the problem and
the evidence available for therapeutic options.
Wollina U, Abdel-Naser MB, Mani R.
Department of Dermatology, Hospital Dresden-Friedrichstadt, Academic
Teaching Hospital of the Technical University of Dresden, Germany. wollinauw@khdf.de.
Impairment of the cutaneous microcirculation is a major
predisposing factor in inflammation and ulceration in patients with
chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Increase of capillary filtration
rate predisposes to the formation of edema. Local lymphedema is a
complication of CVI, often underdiagnosed. This review is focused
on CVI but excludes the complication of ulceration. Treatment of
microcirculatory dysfunction can be done by pharmacologic
intervention or compression therapy or using a combination of
both. This review is focused on drugs that have been evaluated by
randomized prospective controlled trials. The following
compounds are discussed: horse chestnut seed extracts, flavonoids,
red vine leaves extracts, total triterpenic fraction of Centella
asiatica (L), prociadins, calcium dobesilate, and pentoxifylline. The
microcirculatory effects of compression therapy using bandages or
stockings are also reviewed. The major microcirculatory effects
that have been shown are the reduction of capillary filtration rate
and improvements in levels of transcutaneous partial pressures of
oxygen and carbon dioxide (TcPO(2) and TcPCO(2)). Available
data suggest that a combination of pharmacologic and compression
therapy may have some additive effects
‫ ביחד‬,‫נבדקה ההשפעה של מס' מרכיבים תרופתיים וביניהם מיצוי מסנטלה‬
‫ כתוצאה‬.‫ לטיפול בבעיות במיקרוסירקולציה בכלי הדם בעור‬,‫עם קומפרסיה‬
‫ ויצירת‬,‫מבעיות אלה בין השאר קורית פילטרציה מוגברת מכלי הדם החוצה‬
‫ התברר כי שילוב של שתי השיטות הוא סינרגיסטי בשיפור‬.‫בצקת‬
.‫הסירקולציה והפחתת הפילטרציה‬
: Rev Enferm. 2005 May;28(5):67-70. Links
[Topical chemotherapy for the treatment of burns]
[Article in Spanish]
Salas Campos L, Fernándes Mansilla M, Martínez de la Chica AM.
D.U.E. Hospital General Vall d'Hebron.
A burn is a tissue lesion which provokes different alterations that
vary from topical erythema to total destruction of the structures
affected. A burn always produces an alteration in the skin, a lesion
in the corneal strata is sufficient to cause the skin to lose its
capacity to act as a barrier. The objective the treatment for a burn
has is to produce epithelization as soon as possible in order to
prevent infection and to reduce functional and esthetic aftereffects.
Infection is the main cause of death due to burns due to the growth
of endogenous flora or due to external contamination. The use of
topical chemotherapy is fundamental to prevent infections when
there are deep and superficial burns or extensive intermediary
burns. Centella asiatica extract has proven to be efficient in
helping, maintaining and regularizing cicatrisation‫ יצירת צלקת‬,‫ריפוי‬
of skin affected by burns. Its usage combined with an antibiotic
agent such as neomycin covers the bacterial spectrum for grampositive or -negative microorganisms, guaranteeing an antiinfectious efficiency for this extract.
‫ וחושפות את העור לזיהומים מסכני‬,‫כוויות פוגעות בתפקודו של הס"ק כגבול‬
‫ סנטלה הוכח כמועיל בשימור וויסות הריפוי ויצירת הצלקת בעור לאחר‬.‫חיים‬
‫ שילובו עם אנטיביוטיקה כמו נאומיצין מכסה את הספקטרום‬.‫כווייה‬
.‫ כך שמיצוי זה הופך גם לנוגד דלקת‬,‫הבקטריאלי של גרם חיוביים ושליליים‬
: Cancer Lett. 2005 Jan 31;218(1):81-90.
Links
Asiatic acid induces apoptosis in SK-MEL-2 human
melanoma cells.
Park BC, Bosire KO, Lee ES, Lee YS, Kim JA.
College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyongsan 712-749, South
Korea.
Asiatic acid (AA) is a pentacyclic triterpene found in Centella
asiatica. In the present study, the mechanism of anticancer effect of
AA on skin cancer was investigated. AA decreased viability and
induced apoptosis in human melanoma SK-MEL-2 cells in a timeand dose-dependent manner. AA also markedly increased
intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and enhanced the
expression of Bax but not Bcl-2 protein in the cells. In addition,
AA-induced activation of caspase-3 activity in a dose-dependent
manner. Pretreatment with Trolox, an antioxidant, significantly
blocked the induction of Bax and activation of caspase-3 in AAtreated cells. Furthermore, Ac-DEVD-CHO, a specific caspase-3
inhibitor, and Trolox prevented the AA-induced apoptosis. AA did
not elevate p53 nuclear protein levels that are present in a mutant
form in SK-MEL-2 cells. These results suggest that AA-induced
apoptosis may be mediated through generation of ROS, alteration
of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and activation of caspase-3, but p53-
independent. These results further suggest that AA may be a good
candidate for the therapeutic intervention of human skin cancer.
‫ מאיץ התאבדות של תאי‬,‫חומר המופק מסנטלה – אסיאטיק אסיד – טריטרפן‬
‫ הוא בנוסף גם הגביר את רמת הר"ח התוך תאיים (האם זה קורה רק‬.‫מלנומה‬
.)‫ השאלה היא מה התועלת‬, ‫בתאים סרטניים? אם לא‬
1: Int J Dermatol. 2004 Nov;43(11):801-7.
Links
Asiaticoside induction for cell-cycle progression,
proliferation and collagen synthesis in human
dermal fibroblasts.
Lu L, Ying K, Wei S, Fang Y, Liu Y, Lin H, Ma L, Mao Y.
From the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics,
School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
luluo@vip.163.com
Asiaticoside, isolated from Centella asiatica, promotes fibroblast
proliferation and extracullar matrix synthesis in wound healing.
The precise mechanism, however, in molecular and gene
expression levels still remains partially understood. Using cDNA
microarray technology, the alternation of genes expression profiles
was determined in a human dermal fibroblast in vitro in the
presence of asiaticoside (30 microg/ml). Fifty-four genes, with
known functions for cell proliferation, cell-cycle progression and
synthesis of the extracellular matrix, were significantly upregulated in our "whole-genes nest" expression profile at various
timepoints. Furthermore, mRNA levels and protein productions of
certain genes responsible for extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis
(e.g. encoding type I and type III collagen proteins) were evaluated
by Northern blot and radioimmunoassay, respectively. As a result,
there is a close correlation among the gene profile, mRNA and
protein production in the cells response to asiaticoside stimulation.
This information could be used for exploring the target genes in
response to asiaticoside in fibroblasts.
‫ שבודד מסנטלה אסיאטיקה מעודד פרוליפרציה של‬,‫אסיאטיקוזיד‬
‫ ברמה‬,‫ אולם המנגנון‬.‫ וסינטזת מטריקס בין תאי בריפוי פציעות‬,‫פיברובלסטים‬
‫ השתמשנו‬.‫מובן‬-‫ הוא עדיין בחלקו לא‬,‫המולקולרית וברמת ביטוי הגנים‬
‫דנ"א כדי לבדוק את השינויים בביטוי הגנים‬-‫בטכנולוגית מיקרוגרפיה עם סי‬
54 )0.003% (.‫ מיקרוגרם למ"ל‬30 ‫ בתגובה לריכוז של‬,‫בפיברובלסטים‬
‫ האצת המחזור התאי‬,‫ עם תפקידים ידועים בפרוליפרציה של תאים‬,‫גנים‬
‫ גנים האחראים לסינתזת‬:‫ יותר מזה‬.‫רגולציה‬-‫וסינתזת מטריקס – עברו אפ‬
.‫ עברו אפ רגולציה‬,3 ‫ ומסוג‬1 ‫ וביניהם אלה המקודדים לקולגן מסוג‬,‫מטריקס‬
1: Br J Dermatol. 2004 Sep;151(3):571-8.
Links
Dermal fibroblast-associated gene induction by
asiaticoside shown in vitro by DNA microarray
analysis.
Lu L, Ying K, Wei S, Liu Y, Lin H, Mao Y.
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics,
School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433,
People's Republic of China. luluo@vip.163.com
BACKGROUND: Asiaticoside, isolated from Centella asiatica,
promotes fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM)
synthesis in wound healing. The precise mechanism, however, in
molecular and gene expression levels is still unclear. OBJECTIVE:
Using cDNA microarray technology, the alteration of gene
expression profiles was determined for human dermal fibroblasts in
vitro in the presence of asiaticoside (30 microg mL(-1)). Fifty-four
genes, with known functions for cell proliferation, cell cycle
progression and synthesis of ECM, were significantly upregulated
in our 'genome-nest' expression profile at various time points.
Furthermore, the mRNA levels and protein production of certain
genes responsible for ECM synthesis (e.g. encoding type I and type
III collagen proteins) were evaluated by Northern blot and
radioimmunoassay, respectively. RESULTS: We found that there
is a close correlation between the gene profile, mRNA and protein
production in the response of the cells to asiaticoside stimulation.
CONCLUSIONS: This information could be used for exploring the
response of the target genes to asiaticoside in fibroblasts.
.‫זה אותו מחקר כמו הנ"ל‬
1: Angiology. 2001 Oct;52 Suppl 2:S49-54. Links
Evaluation of treatment of diabetic microangiopathy
with total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica: a
clinical prospective randomized trial with a
microcirculatory model.
Cesarone MR, Incandela L, De Sanctis MT, Belcaro G, Bavera P, Bucci
M, Ippolito E.
Irvine Vascular Laboratory, St Mary's Hospital and Imperial College, London,
UK.
Fifty patients with diabetic microangiopathy were studied by laser Doppler
flowmetry (measuring skin blood flow at rest) (RF) and the venoarteriolar
response (VAR), by transcutaneous PO2 and PCO2 measurements, and by
capillary permeability evaluation (rate of ankle swelling [RAS]). Thirty of
these patients were treated for 6 months with total triterpenic fraction of
Centella asiatica (TTFCA) (60 mg twice daily), a drug active on
microcirculation and capillary permeability. A control group of ten patients
was treated with placebo and another group of ten patients was left without
treatment thus acting as a second control group. After six months there were
no significant changes in the two control groups. There was a significant
improvement of microcirculatory parameter in patients treated with TTFCA.
RF (abnormally increased at the beginning of the treatment) decreased, and the
VAR (impaired at the beginning of the study) improved. PO2 increased and
PCO2 decreased the abnormally increased capillary permeability was also
improved (decreased). According to these data, TTFCA is useful in diabetic
microangiopathy by improving microcirculation and decreasing capillary
permeability. Also TTFCA protects against the deterioration of
microcirculation due to diabetic microangiopathy.
microangiopathy :‫(מיקרואנגיופטיה – מחלת כלי דם קטנים‬
,‫ מחלות קולגן‬,‫ כולל סוכרת‬,‫ידי מגוון של מחלות‬-‫ שעשוי להיגרם על‬,‫נזק לדפנות כלי הדם הקטנים‬
‫ וארגמנת‬,)‫ המוליזה (נזק לתאי דם אדומים‬,‫ספיקה כלייתית‬-‫ המחלה עשויה להתבטא באי‬.‫זיהומים וסרטן‬
.)‫ דימום אל תוך העור‬,‫(פורפורה‬
!‫ לא במריחה‬,‫המחקר נעשה בנטילה פומית‬
1: Phytomedicine. 2001 May;8(3):230-5. Links
In vitro keratinocyte antiproliferant effect of Centella
asiatica extract and triterpenoid saponins.
‫אנטי פרוליפרציה של קרטינוציטים בהשפעת סנטלה וספונינים‬
‫טריטרפנואידים‬
Sampson JH, Raman A, Karlsen G, Navsaria H, Leigh IM.
The Centre for Bioactivity Screening of Natural Products, King's College
London, UK.
Psoriasis is a hyperproliferative skin disorder estimated to be present in 1-3%
of most populations. Conventional therapy using corticosteroids, Vitamin D
analogs and cytotoxic agents eg psoralens is associated with low success rate
and many side effects. Traditional plant remedies may provide leads for new
treatments. A rapid-throughput, in vitro bioassay has been utilised to examine
plants for inhibitory effects on the growth of SVK-14 keratinocytes. Centella
asiatica, a reputed anti-psoriatic herb, has been compared against the psoralencontaining seeds of Psoralea corylifolia and the synthetic anti-psoriatic agent
dithranol (anthralin). Aqueous extracts of Psoralea corylifolia and Centella
asiatica inhibited keratinocyte replication with IC50 values of 18.4 +/- 0.6
microg/ml and 209.9 +/- 9.8 mg/ml respectively prior to treatment with
polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) and 36.3 +/- 3.3 mg/ml and 238.0 +/- 2.5
mg/ml respectively after PVPP treatment of the extracts. The effect produced
by C. asiatica is thus unlikely to be due to phenolic compounds. It may,
however, be due to its two constituent triterpenoid glycosides madecassoside
and asiaticoside which had IC50 values of 8.6 +/- 0.6 microM respectively.
These values were comparable to their concentrations in the crude extract and
to the IC50 of dithranol (5.1 +/- 0.4 microM). These results suggest that the
potential use of C. asiatica extracts as a topical anti-psoriatic agent is worthy
of further investigation.
‫ טיפול‬.‫ אחוזים‬1-3-‫פסוריאזיס היא היפרפרוליפרציה של תאים בעור ששיעורה באוכ' היא כ‬
‫ וגורמים ציטוטוקסים כמו‬,D ‫ אנלוגים של ויטמין‬,‫קורבנציונלי הכולל קורטיקוסטרואידים‬
‫ תכשירים עם צמח מסורתי עשויים להוביל‬.‫ מקושר עם שיעור הצלחה נמוך והרבה ת"ל‬,‫פסורלנים‬
‫ מיצויים מימיים של‬.‫פסורלנים ולטיפול סינתטי‬-‫ במחקר הושוותה סנטלה לצמח מכיל‬.‫לטיפול חדש‬
) ‫צמח הפסורלן וסנטלה אסיאטיקה דיכאו פרוליפרציה של קרטינוציטים עם ריכוז (עבור הסנטלה‬
‫ האפקט של סנטלה הוא כפי הנראה לא הודות לרכיבים‬.)20%( .209.9 +/- 9.8 mg/ml ‫של‬
:‫ הוא עשוי להיות הודות לשני המרכיבים הטריטרפנואידיים הגליקוזידים‬.‫םפנוליים‬
madecassoside and asiaticoside
.8.6 +/- 0.6 microM respectively ‫ של‬IC50 ‫שיש להם‬
.‫מהתוצאות עולה שהסנטלה הוא מרכיב אנטי פסוריאטי ששווה המשך מחקר‬
1: Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2000 May-Jun;24(3):227-34. Links
New innovations in scar management.
Widgerow AD, Chait LA, Stals R, Stals PJ.
As current aesthetic surgical techniques become more standardized and results
more predictable, a fine scar may be the demarcating line between acceptable
and unacceptable aesthetic results. With this in mind, a scar management
program has been adopted based on the modalities of wound support,
hydration, and hastened maturity, all factors gleaned from scientific evidence
published over the past 25 years. Tension on a scar in one axis will result in a
stretched scar, probably initiated by neutrophils and their neutral proteases
[18,26]. Tension on a scar from many directions or intermittently will result in
a hypertrophic scar, possibly initiated by lymphocytes but definitely related to
a prolongation of the inflammatory process, with increased fibroblast activity
and overabundant extracellular matrix secretion [24,26]. The common
initiating factor is the tension on the scar, and the critical element needed to
counteract this tension is scar support. Clinical experience has shown us that
the most reliable way to support a scar is by using microporous tape.
Hydration is a second beneficial influence on scar control and is the basis of
the use of silicone sheeting and gel [7,29,36]. Alpha Centella cream has two
main components. The first is an extract from the plant Bulbine frutescens.
This increases hydration under the tape by leaving a layer of fatty vesicles of
glycoprotein on the skin surface. This also has antibacterial properties. The
second component is the principal terpenoids extracted from the Centella
asiatica plant. These include asiatic acid, madecassic acid, and asiaticoside.
Centella asiatica has been documented to aid wound healing in a large number
of scientific reports [5,12,21,22,33,34,40]. The most beneficial effect appears
to be the stimulation of maturation of the scar by the production of type I
collagen [4,19] and the resulting decrease in the inflammatory reaction and
myofibroblast production. Thus these components have been incorporated into
the formulation of a scar management program. This publication reviews
much of the available literature relating to scar management and describes the
formulation and use of a scar management program based on this information.
‫ הסנטלה מזרזת‬.‫ – שימשו בטיפול בצלקות‬Bulbine frutescens - ‫סנטלה בשילוב צמח נוסף‬
.‫ והורדה בתגובת הדלקת ויצירת מיופיברובלסטים‬1 ‫החלמת הצלקת ע"י עידוד יצור קולגן מסוג‬
1: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000066. Links
Creams for preventing stretch marks in pregnancy.
Young GL, Jewell D.
Barn Croft Surgery, Temple Sowerby, Penrith, Cumbria, CA10 1RZ.
youngjckvg@compuserve.com
BACKGROUND: Many women develop stretch marks (striae gravidarum)
during pregnancy. A number of creams have been used to remove these stretch
marks. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to assess the effects of
topical treatments to prevent the development of stretch marks. SEARCH
STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group
trials register. In addition, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register
(CENTRAL/CCTR) was searched. Date of last search: April 1999.
SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised trials comparing active creams with
placebo for the treatment of stretch marks in pregnant women. DATA
COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Trial quality was assessed and data were
extracted independently by two reviewers. MAIN RESULTS: One study
involving 100 women was included. Compared to placebo, treatment with a
cream containing Centella asiatica extract, alpha tocopherol and collagenelastin hydrolysates was associated with less women developing stretch
marks (odds ratio 0.41, 95% confidence interval 0.17 to 0.99). REVIEWER'S
CONCLUSIONS: One particular cream appears to help prevent the
development of stretch marks in pregnancy, but only for women who had
previously suffered stretch marks in pregnancy. There is no evidence of
benefit for general use.
‫ הקרם עוזר למנוע‬.‫ אלפא טוקופרול והידרוליזטים של קולגן ואלסטין‬,‫נבדק קרם המכיל סנטלה‬
.‫ אבל רק עבור נשים שקודם לכן סבלו מסימני מתיחה בהריון‬,‫התפתחות של סימני מתיחה בהריון‬
.‫אין עדות לתועלת בשימוש כללי לקרם‬
1: Eur J Dermatol. 1999 Jun;9(4):289-96.
Links
Triterpenes from Centella asiatica stimulate
extracellular matrix accumulation in rat experimental
wounds.
Maquart FX, Chastang F, Simeon A, Birembaut P, Gillery P, Wegrowski
Y.
‫טריטרפנים מסנטלה מגרים יצירת מטריקס בפציעות בחולדות‬
Laboratory of Biochemistry, UPRESA CNRS 6021, IFR-53 Biomolécules,
Faculty of Medicine, Reims, France. fmaquart@chu-reims.fr
Titrated Extract from Centella asiatica (TECA) is a drug which has been used
for many years in Europe for the treatment of wound healing defects. It is a
reconstituted‫מחדש‬-‫ הרכבה‬,‫מחדש‬-‫ בנייה‬mixture of 3 triterpenes extracted from
the plant, asiatic acid, madecassic acid and asiaticoside. In this report, we
studied the effects of TECA and its separated components in the wound
chamber ‫ תא‬model described by Schilling et al. Stainless steel wound
chambers were surgically inserted under the skin of rats and received serial
injections of either TECA or its purified components. Chambers were
collected at days 7, 14, 21 or 28 for biochemical analysis or histological
examination. TECA-injected wound chambers were characterized by
increased dry weight, DNA, total protein, collagen and uronic acid contents.
Peptidic hydroproline was also increased, showing an increased remodeling of
the collagen matrix in the wound. The 3 purified components of TECA were
all able to reproduce the effects of the complete drug, with some differences
depending on the product. Asiatic acid and asiaticoside were the most active
of the 3 triterpenes. Asiaticoside exerted a preferential stimulation of collagen
synthesis and was active at low doses only. In addition to collagen, the 3
components were also able to stimulate glycosaminoglycan synthesis.
‫ במחקר‬.‫מיצוי מסנטלה הוא תרופה ששימשה שנים רבות באירופה כטיפול לבעיות בריפוי פציעות‬
‫ נבדקו‬.‫ בריפוי פציעות‬,‫ בנפרד‬,‫זה נבדקו המיצוי עצמו מהצמח וכן שלושת המרכיבים הפעילים שלו‬
‫ הייתה גם עלייה בהידרופרולין‬.‫ קולגן ויורוניק אסיד‬,‫ חלבונים‬,‫ דנ"א‬,‫הפרמטרים של משקל יבש‬
‫ הרכיבים‬.‫ מה שמראה על עלייה ברימודלינג של הקולגן במטריקס באזור הפציעה‬,‫פפטידי‬
‫ עם כמה‬,‫המטוהרים של הצמח שלושתם היו מסוגלים לחולל את האפקטים של התרופה השלמה‬
.‫ אסיאטיק אסיד והסיאטיקוזיד היו הפעיליםביותר משלושת הטריטרפנים‬.‫הבדלים התלויים במוצר‬
,‫ בנוסף לקולגן‬.‫אסיאטיקוזיד חולל גירוי חזק יותר על סינתזת קולגן והיה פעיל רק בריכוזים נמוכים‬
.‫שלושת המרכיבים היו גםמסוגלים לגרות סינתזת גלוקוזמינוגליקנים‬
1: Biol Pharm Bull. 1999 Jul;22(7):703-6. Links
The effect of tetrandrine and extracts of Centella
asiatica on acute radiation dermatitis in rats.
Chen YJ, Dai YS, Chen BF, Chang A, Chen HC, Lin YC, Chang KH, Lai
YL, Chung CH, Lai YJ.
Department of Radiation Oncology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taiwan,
Republic of China.
Radiation injury to the skin is one of the major limiting factors in
radiotherapy. We designed this study using Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate
the reduction in skin injury achieved using natural products from plant extracts
as protection. The acute skin reaction in tetrandrine- and Madecassol-treated
animals appeared earlier, but was significantly less severe, than in the control
group. The peak skin reactions in the tetrandrine group were less serious than
those of the control group at three different radiation doses. At a high dose
irradiation, the healing effect of tetrandrine is better than Madecassol and
vaseline. The histologic findings indicate that tetrandrine and Madecassol are
able to reduce acute radiation reactions by their anti-inflammatory activity.
‫ נמצאה השפעה‬.‫פציעה בעור מקרינה היא אחד הגורמים המגבילים העיקריים ברדיותרפיה‬
.‫אנטי אינפלמטורית ושיפור התגובה לקרינה‬
1: Indian J Exp Biol. 1996 Dec;34(12):1208-11. Links
Effects of Centella asiatica extract on dermal wound
healing in rats.
Suguna L, Sivakumar P, Chandrakasan G.
Department of Biochemistry, Central Leather Research Institute Madras,
India.
Effects of oral and topical administration of an alcoholic extract of C. asiatica
on rat dermal wound healing was studied. The extract increased cellular
proliferation and collagen synthesis at the wound site, as evidenced by
increase in DNA, protein and collagen content of granulation tissues. Quicker
and better maturation and crosslinking of collagen was observed in the extracttreated rats, as indicated by the high stability of acid-soluble collagen and
increase in aldehyde content and tensile strength. The extract treated wounds
were found to epithelialise faster and the rate of wound contraction was
higher, as compared to control wounds. The results show that C. asiatica
produced different actions on the various phases of wound repair
.‫ על ריפוי פציעות‬,‫נבדקה ההשפעה הן של לקיחה אורלית והן של מריחה‬
‫ כפי שהודגם ע"י עלייה‬,‫מיצוי מהצמח העלה פרוליפרציה תאית וסינתזת קולגן באתר הפציעה‬
‫ התבגרות מהירה יותר וטובה יותר‬.‫ החלבונים והקולגן ברקמות גרנולציה‬,‫בתכולת הדנ"א‬
‫ הפצעים שטופלו במיצוי עברו אפיתליזציה מהירה יותר והשיעור של‬.‫וקרוסלינקינג של קולגן נצפו‬
‫ הממצאים מראים שסנטלה מייצר פעולות שונות‬.‫ בהשוואה לביקורת‬,‫כיווץ הפצע היה גבוה יותר‬
.‫בפאזות שונות של ריפוי פציעות‬
Improvement of capillary permeability in patients
with venous hypertension after treatment with
TTFCA.
‫שיפור בחדירות כלי הדם בחולים עם יל"ד ורידי לאחר טיפול‬
‫בסנטלה‬
Belcaro GV, Grimaldi R, Guidi G.
Microcirculation Laboratory, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy.
The VSC (vacuum suction chamber) device, a new system to
evaluate local capillary permeability, was used with laser Doppler
flowmetry to study variations of permeability and of the
microcirculation in 10 normal subjects; in 22 patients with
moderate, superficial venous hypertension; and in 12 patients with
postphlebitic limbs and severe venous hypertension. All these
patients had distal (ankle and foot edema) in the evening. After a
first assessment these subjects were studied again after two weeks
without treatment and after two weeks' treatment with total
triterpenic fraction of centella asiatica (TTFCA), tablets, 60 mg,
tid. The VSC produces a wheal on the skin of the perimalleolar
region that disappears (in average) in less than sixty minutes in
normal subjects. The disappearance time (DT) is greater in
conditions of increased capillary filtration and permeability. The
three groups of subjects (normal and those with superficial and
severe venous hypertension) had significantly different, increasing
disappearance time of the wheals at the first observation. There
were no significant changes after two weeks' observation, but after
2 weeks' treatment with TTFCA, there was a significant decrease
of DT both in limbs with superficial and with deep venous
incompetence. The improvement (decrease) of the abnormally
increased capillary permeability was associated with a significant
improvement of the microcirculation and symptoms (studied by an
analogue scale line). In conclusion this study showed a combined
improvement of the microcirculation and capillary permeability
after treatment with TTFCA and the possibility of using the VSC to
evaluate the effects of drugs (or other treatment) on local capillary
permeability in patients with venous hypertension.
‫ המתבטאת גם בבצקת‬,‫עוד מחקר שהראה שיפור בחדירות יתר של כלי דם‬
.‫ שבועות טיפול‬2 ‫ מ"ג דרך הפה ושיפור נראה אחרי‬60 ‫נלקח‬-)‫(יש להם יל"ד‬
1: Ital J Biochem. 1988 Mar-Apr;37(2):69-77. Links
Effect of the triterpenoid fraction of Centella asiatica
on macromolecules of the connective matrix in
human skin fibroblast cultures.
Tenni R, Zanaboni G, De Agostini MP, Rossi A, Bendotti C, Cetta G.
Dipartimento di Biochimica, Università di Pavia.
The mechanism of action of the total triterpenoid fraction extracted from
Centella Asiatica (TTFCA) was evaluated using human skin fibroblasts
cultures as the experimental system. In particular its influence on the
biosynthesis of collagen, fibronectin and proteoglycans was considered. The
presence of TTFCA (25 micrograms/ml) does not seem to affect cell
proliferation, total protein synthesis or the biosynthesis of proteoglycans in a
significant way. A statistically important increase was observed in the
percentage of collagen and, as revealed by immunofluorescence
measurements, in cell layer fibronectin. This effect on collagen and fibronectin
may help to explain the action of TTFCA in promoting wound healing, and
suggests an interesting working hypothesis for its action on basal endothelia.
‫השתמשו בתרבית פיברובלסטים אנושיים כדי לבדוק את מנגנון הפעולה של הטריטרפנואיד‬
.‫ פיברונקטין ופרוטאוגליקנים‬,‫ ובאופן ספציפי – השפעתו על סינתזת קולגן‬.‫מסנטלה אסיאטיקה‬
‫ לא משיעה על פרוליפרציה של‬- 0.0025% ,‫ מיקרוגרם למ"ל‬25 ‫ בריכוז‬,‫נראה שנוכחות סנטלה‬
‫ עלייה‬.‫ סינתזה כוללת של חלבונים או ביוסינתזה של פרוטאוגליקנים בצורה משמעותית‬,‫תאים‬
‫ ההשפעה הזאת על‬.‫משמעותית סטטיסטית נצפתה במדידות של קולגן ובשכבת התא פיברונקטין‬
‫ ומציעה היפותזה‬,‫קולגן ופיברונקטין עשויה להסביר את פעילות הסנטלה בעידוד ריפוי פציעות‬
.‫לגבי הפעילות על האנדותל הבזלי‬
http://www.angelfire.com/on4/extropian-lifespan/centella-asiatica- :‫מאמר שני בקישור‬
94-abstracts-XXXXX.txt
Anti-oxidant activity of Centella asiatica on lymphoma-bearing mice
G. Jayashree
,
, 1,
G. Kurup Muraleedhara, S. Sudarslal and V. B. Jacob
Applied Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Biosciences, M.G. University, P.D. Hills
(P.O.), Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
Received 29 October 2002; accepted 1 April 2003. ; Available online 24 June 2003.
Abstract
Oral treatment with 50 mg kg−1 day−1 of crude methanol extract of Centella asiatica
for 14 days significantly increased the anti-oxidant enzymes, like superoxide
dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), and anti-oxidants
like glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid decreased in lymphoma-bearing mice.
‫ כמו‬,‫ יום גרמה לעלייה באנזימים נוגדי חימצון‬14-‫ מ"ג לק"ג ליום של סנטלה ל‬50-‫טיפול פומי ב‬
‫ קטלז וגלוטתיון פרוקסידז ונוגדי חמצון כמו גלוטתיון וחומ' אסקורבית‬,‫סופר אוקסיד דימוטז‬
.‫ירדו בעכברים חולי לימפומה‬
1: Angiology. 2001 Oct;52 Suppl 2:S9-13. Links
Total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica in
chronic venous insufficiency and in high-perfusion
microangiopathy.
Incandela L, Cesarone MR, Cacchio M, De Sanctis MT, Santavenere C,
D'Auro MG, Bucci M, Belcaro G.
Vascular Unit, Ealing Hospital, London, UK.
Total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica (TTFCA) is effective in
improving venous wall alterations in chronic venous hypertension and in
protecting the venous endothelium. TTFCA is active on connective tissue
modulation, improves the synthesis of collagen and other tissue proteins by
modulating the action of fibroblasts in the vein wall, and stimulates collagen
remodeling in and around the venous wall. This is due to the modulating
action of TTFCA on fibroblasts as shown by experiments on the growth of
human embryonal fibroblasts. TTFCA has a moderate in-vitro and in-vivo
stimulating effect on collagen synthesis and, at higher dosages, an inhibition
on the synthesis of collagen and acid mucopolysaccharides. Studies have
indicated the role of TTFCA on the synthesis of specific venous wall elements
by cell cultures of human embryonal fibroblasts. The tissue-stimulating action
is shown by the increased collagen production independent from the
stimulation of cell proliferation (this differentiates the action of TTFCA from
cell growth factors). TTFCA is active on the microcirculation in venous and
diabetic microangiopathy. Signs and symptoms of venous hypertension and
edema are improved by treatment. The remodeling on collagen synthesis could
be one of the possible mechanisms of actions of TTFCA in the remodeling of
echolucent (soft; therefore, with risk of thrombosis and embolization) plaques
at the carotid and femoral bifurcation. This compound is safe and well
tolerated. In conclusion, several actions of TTFCA in vascular diseases makes
the use of this compound very interesting in venous and arterial problems.
Centella asiatica (Indian pennywort), an effective
therapeutic but a weak sensitizer

B. M. HAUSEN1

1
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
Björn M. Hausen, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Martinistrasse 52,
D-2000 Hamburg 20, Germany
Abstract
The sensitizing capacity of Centella asiatica (raw extract) and its triterpenic
constituents asiaticoside, asiatic acid and madecassic acid has been studied in guinea
pigs. The extract itself as well as the 3 acids were found to be very weak sensitizers.
Centella asiatica extract is used effectively in the treatment of keloids, leg ulcers,
phlebitis‫דלקת ורידים‬, slow-healing wounds, leprosy‫צרעת‬, surgical lesions, striae
distensae‫ סימני מתיחה‬and cellulitis. Athough applied frequently to damaged skin, the risk
of acquiring contact sensitivity to this plant or its constituents is low
Effects of Centella
asiatica extract on
mucopolysaccharide
metabolism in subjects
with varicose veins.
Arpaia, M R : Ferrone, R : Amitrano,
Author: M : Nappo, C : Leonardo, G : del
Guercio, R
Int-J-Clin-Pharmacol-Res. 1990;
Citation:
10(4): 229-33
The effects were studied of the total
triterpenic fraction of Centella
asiatica on serum levels of the uronic
acids and lysosomal enzymes
involved in mucopolysaccharide
metabolism (beta-glycuronidase,
beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase,
Abstract: arylsulfatase) in patients with
varicose veins. The basal levels of
uronic acids (467.7 +/- 69.3
micrograms/ml) and of lysosomal
enzymes (beta-glycuronidase 1.8 +/0.4 microM/min/l, beta-Nacetylglucosaminidase 23.1 +/- 0.4
microM/min/l, arysulfatase 0.078 +/-
0.003 microM/min/l) were elevated,
indicating an increased
mucopolysaccharide turnover in
subjects with varicose veins. During
treatment with Centella asiatica
extract (60 mg/day for three
months), these levels fell
progressively. At the end of
treatment the serum uronic acid
(231.8 +/- 51.5 micrograms/ml),
beta-glycuronidase (1.2 +/- 0.05
microM/min/l), beta-Nacetylglucosaminidase (17.7 +/- 0.7
microM/min/l) and arysulfatase
(0.042 +/- 0.003 microM/min/l)
levels were highly significantly
lower than the basal levels (p less
than 0.01). The results of this trial
provide an indirect confirmation of
regulatory effects of the extract of
Centella asiatica on metabolism in
the connective tissue of the vascular
wall.