Lesson Plan Title: The Human Body Concept/Topic to Teach: Students will start by observing the human body in motion. They discuss what moves during rope jumping and focus attention on the bones in their bodies. Students count the number of bones in the skeleton, first without visual aids, then using photographs and posters to help make a more accurate count. Standards Addressed: COS 6: Identify structures and functions of the muscular and skeletal systems of the human body. Specific Objectives: Students will observe the movement of the body in the act of jumping. Students will explain at least three functions of the skeletal system. Students will tell at least one way we can keep our bones healthy. Required Materials: Lesson 1: Jump Rope Activity Motion cards Jump ropes Student science notebooks KWL Chart Markers Pens color pencils or crayons, paper CD player/music to dance to (optional) Song “Dry Bones” Lesson 1: Jump Rope Activity Anticipatory Set (Lead-In): Today we are going to observe our how our body moves in motion when we are doing exercises such as dancing or jumping rope. We will also learn about the functions of the bones and how many bones are in the human body. The teacher will engage the student students by having them stand up, allowing themselves to stand arm length apart so they can have room to dance. The teacher will instruct by saying “We are going to do an activity to get our bodies in motion. I will display a body motion and you are to act/perform it to the rhythm of the music.” After the students are is finished; the teacher will pose the following question. “How did your body move when you were dancing? Turn and tell your neighbor how your bodied moved while you were dancing.” Step-By-Step Procedures for Teaching Lesson 1: 1. The teacher will: Tell students that they are going to be studying the human body. Inform students that we are going to start our investigation of the human body by observing it in action. 2. Tell students to take out their science notebook and draw what the human body looks like. It can be a full self portrait of themselves or a model of a skeleton. Students will use their portrait to record their observations by placing a sticker or shade in a colored dot on the parts of the body that they predict will move while jumping rope. 3. Students will need to complete the jump rope activity in a location where there is open space such as outside, or in the hallway. Guided Practice/Monitoring: 1. The students will be grouped in pairs and given a jump rope. Each person will jump for 1 minute, take turns and record their observations. 2. Next, students will be given 3 minutes to confirm if their predictions were right in his or her science notebook. 3. Then the students will be placed in collaborative groups of fours and asked to discuss their answers to the questions. They will generate one answer list on paper and choose a group member to share the list with the class. 4. A spokesperson from each group will share their answers with the class. The teacher will use the document camera to record and display the class list of answers to the question. 5. Formative Assessment: After discussion of the shared answers, the teacher will ask the class to look at the list and identify all answers that refer to the skeletal system of their bodies. The groups will be asked to complete the first two columns of a K-W-L (What I Know-What I Wonder-What I Learned) chart about the skeletal system. Closure (Reflect Anticipatory Set): Ask the students to think about one body system, the bone system. Ask questions to focus their attention: 1. Do your bones move when you jump rope? 2. Where are your bones? [Inside your body] 3. How can you tell where your bones are? [Feel for hard parts inside-elbow, wrist, jaw, etc.] 4. What do you call the whole systems of bones? [Skeleton] 5. How many bones do you think you have in your skeleton? [Accept any answer] Assessment Based on Objectives: Students will observe the movement of the body in the act of jumping and identify 5 parts of the body that moved. Students will explain at least three functions of the skeletal system. [support, protect, and movement Students will tell at least one way we can keep our bones healthy. Adaptations (For Students with Special Needs) Students do not have to dance or jump rope. Students will observe their partner and use them to verify which parts of the body actually move. Extensions (For Advanced Students) Students will act out multiple motion cards during the movement activity. Possible Connections to Other Subjects: Language Arts/Music Students will learn the song “Dry Bones” and sing it while students take turns pointing out the bones in the photo. Reflection: Be sure to provide the students enough space to complete the dance motions and jump rope activity. K-W-L Chart for the Human Skeletal System Group Name:___________________ Members of the Group: _____________________________________ What I KNOW What I WONDER What I LEARNED Lesson 2: Counting Bones Specific Objectives: Students will locate the major bones in their bodies. Students will compare their own skeletons to posters and the photo of the human body. Students will determine the number of bones in the human skeleton. Students will learn the name, location, and orientation of the most important bones in the skeleton. Students will use scientific thinking processes to conduct investigations and build explanations: observing, communicating, comparing, and organizing. Required Materials: Lesson 2: Counting Bones Student sheet no. 2 called Counting Bones Human skeleton photo, front, life size Human Torso poster Human Skull poster Arm and Hand poster Leg and Foot poster Anticipatory Set (Lead-In): When students are back in the classroom, after students have reported parts of the body that came into action. [Legs, feet, arms, shoulders, hands, head, eyes, muscles, bones, and lungs (faster breathing).] Step-By-Step Procedures for Teaching the Lesson 2: Counting Bones: Tell students, A skeleton is a system- a system of bones. Let’s count up the bones to find out how many there are in the human skeleton. We’ll work in groups; each group is responsible for counting the bones in one part, or subsystem, of the skeleton. Later we will add up the subsystem counts to see how many bones are in the whole skeletal system. Guided Practice/Monitoring: 1. Form collaborative groups of four. Assign two groups to each of the following subsystems: Leg (including foot) Arm (including hand) Head or skull (not the neck) Torso (including neck, shoulders, and hips) Let students start counting. Encourage them to feel for their own bones through their skin. 2. Introduce Joints After students have been working for a few minutes, call for attention. Ask, How do your bones feel? If bones are hard, how do our bodies bend? As students to feel their bodies where two bones come together. Tell them that bones don’t bend, so places where arms, legs, fingers, and so on bend are places where separate bones come together. The places where bones come together are joints. Have students point out a few joints and then return to counting. 3. Tally the Bones in the Whole Skeleton Draw a chart on the board. Ask the REPORTERs to report their group’s counts. Write them on the board. Average the results and add up the total. Results might look something like this Skeleton subsystem Arm Count 42 46 44 36 35 31 11 3 Leg Torso Head Grand Total Average 44 40 33 7 124 4. Propose Refining the Count Ask, How will we know if we missed any bones when we counted? What could we use to help us find out more about bones? Students might suggest looking in a book, getting a skeleton, looking at an X-ray or picture of a skeleton. Acknowledge their ideas and introduce the reference materials. 5. Introduce and discuss the Skeleton Photograph Tell the students that you have a picture of a real skeleton. Hang up the Skelton so that everyone can see it. Allow students to look at it and ask questions. This photograph provides the opportunity to point out the functions of the skeleton, which include support, protection, and movement. Ask students to notice the different sizes and shapes of the bones in the legs, arms, ribs, and backbone. Point out the jointed areas that allow the skeleton to bend. Also point out the similarities between the arm and leg bones. 6. Recount with the Bone Posters Introduce the skeleton subsystem posters (leg, arm, torso, and skull). Explain that the posters allow students a closer, more detailed view of the bones. Point out that the arm; leg, and skull, posters are displayed in an exploded format with spaces between separate bones for easier identification. 7. Distribute Counting Bones Sheets and Students Rotate Group Assignments Introduce the counting bones sheet. Students should fill in the section of the sheet under their group’s subsystem as they recount the bones. After the students have identified the bone count on their poster, rotate the posters from group to group to give the students the opportunity to examine each poster and come up with an accurate count. Each group will eventually record the number of bones in all four skeleton subsystems on the Counting Bones sheet. 8. Formative Assessment: 3-2-1 Exit Slip Students will write 3 things they learned today, 2 things they found interesting, and 1 question they may have. Closure (Reflect Anticipatory Set): Discuss structure and protection provided by the skeleton. 1. What parts of our skeleton give us our unique human shape? 2. How does your skeleton give support? What does your skeleton hold up? [Legs support standing, neck supports head, etc.] 3. What parts of your skeleton provide protection and what parts of your body are protected? [Skull protects the brain and sense of organs; rib cage protects lungs and heart. Assessment Based on Objectives: Students will locate the major bones in their bodies with 90% accuracy. Students will compare their own skeletons to posters and the photo of the human body. Students will determine the number of bones in the human skeleton. Students will learn the name, location, and orientation of the most important bones in the skeleton with 90% accuracy. Students will use scientific thinking processes to conduct investigations and build explanations: observing, communicating, comparing, and organizing. Adaptations (For Students with Special Needs) Students can count the bones via Science & Nature http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/interactives/3djigsaw_02/index.shtml?skelet on Extensions (For Advanced Students) Have students read the science stories A Marvelous Machine and The Shape of Your Shape and create a or a brochure about what they learned from the following stories. Possible Connections to Other Subjects: Language Arts~ Make a Bone-Fact Class Book Create a class book. Have one student design a cover and laminate it. The n have students contribute pages by rewriting the fact they discover, e.g. the smallest bone in the body id the stirrup bone in the ear, and illustrating it. Students will cite their source on the bibliography page. 3 2 1 3 2 1 Things I Learned Today … Things I Found Interesting … Question I Still Have … Things I Learned Today … Things I Found Interesting … Question I Still Have … Lesson 3: Mr. Bones Puzzle Concept/Topic to Teach: In this lesson students will learn the basics about the skeletal system. They will be able to identify the major bones of the human body and explain the functions of the skeletal system. The students will have the opportunity to navigate the Internet to gather information to be presented to other students through a variety of presentations styles. This lesson will begin a six-week study on the human body. Standards Addressed: COS 6: Identify structures and functions of the muscular and skeletal systems of the human body. Required Materials: For each group: Mr. Bones skeleton puzzles Paper fasteners 2 Ziploc bags, 1 liter 4 student sheets no.3 called Bone Names For Assessment Student response sheets no. 6 called Response Sheet-Bones Student Voki presentation Example: http://www.voki.com/pickup.php?scid=9060181&height=267&width=200 Anticipatory Set (Lead-in): Ask the students “What would people look like without bones?” Have students draw a picture what people would look like without any bones. Once the students have finished their drawings share their drawing under the document camera for everyone to see. Step-By-Step Procedures for Teaching Lesson 3: Mr. Bones Form teams of two students. Explain that each team will get a skeleton puzzle called Mr. Bones to put together. Tell the students they will put together the puzzle without referring to the skeleton poster. Explain to the students that as they cut the puzzle pieces out, they will place their pieces in a Ziploc bag so they will not lose them. The students will then be given paper fasteners to hold their puzzle pieces together as they assemble them. Once all the pieces have been cut then the group will work together to put Mr. Bones together. Students will work in groups to research the human body. The students can use information from their skeletal system project for their web based technology project. The teacher will explain to the students that each group will make a presentation about the skeletal system. The group will be given 30 minutes to explore the Internet to learn more about the skeletal system. The following information must be included in the presentation along with any other information the group chooses to include: name three functions of the skeletal system; present two trivia facts that may not be wellknown about bones; and explain one approach we can take to keep our bones healthy. The group has to choose how it will present its information. Each student will write notes in his/her science notebook. Students will work in small groups in the classroom and in the computer lab to search the Internet for more information about the skeletal system. Here are some web sites for exploration: a. http://www.childrensuniversity.manchester.ac.uk/interactives/science/bodyandme dicine/theskeleton/ b. http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science/HumanBody/BodyBones.htm c http://library.thinkquest.org/5777/tour.htm d. http://www.fossweb.com/web/foss-fossweb/student-medialibrary?parentID=D1283790#top Technology Project: Students must create an avatar at http://voki.com/ Create your Voki. You must customize your character by giving it a name Ex: Dr. X-ray, give it a voice, provide a background and select a player. When complete copy/paste URL for your Voki to Edmod.com using URL https://edmo.do/j/aszeia so the teacher and your classmates can view it. Some other suggested presentation ideas: PowerPoint presentation, newsletter, photo journal, video interview of a bone specialist, song/rap/poem, brochure, etc. Guided Practice/Monitoring: Students will have varying degrees of success with the puzzle. As they are putting Mr. Bones together, they will start to ask if they have done it right. You can respond to errors by saying something like, You’ve got it mostly right, but you might want to look at the legs a little more closely. Think about how your legs connect to your torso. Take another look at the rib cage. Think about what your rib protects. When the students have put their puzzle together to their satisfaction, they will compare the illustration on the Bone Names sheet to their skeleton that they assembled and make corrections to the puzzle if necessary. Each group will be given a copy of an unlabeled skeleton that includes a word bank. The group will label the skeleton to the best of their abilities. http://kidshealth.org/PageManager.jsp?lic=1&article_set=54384&cat_id=20607 Next, we will view a kid's video of the skeletal system, http://kidshealth.org/PageManager.jsp?lic=1&article_set=59294&cat_id=20607. Formative Assessment: The teacher will display the unlabeled skeleton, used in step #4, on the document camera. The class will collaborate to label this skeleton and make corrections on their group products. The students will be given 2 minutes to add new information to his/her K-W-L chart (see attachment). bones kwl chart.docx Closure (Reflect Anticipatory Set) The students will often think that Mr. Bones has two right hands. The thumbs both point in the same direction because one hand shows the palm side and one shows the back. The lower arm bones (radius and ulna) are crossed when the thumb is close to the side of the leg and parallel when the thumb is pointing outward. When students ask about this, have them pose like a skeleton in the photo and see if they can get both thumbs to point in the same direction. Have them feel their bones. Assessment Based on Objectives: Students' work will be assessed as the teacher monitors the groups through observation, anecdotal notes, student response to questions, and the presentation rubric. The students will complete columns 3 of the K-W-L chart. The students will cut out a skeleton and label the bones with 90% accuracy: http://www.activityvillage.co.uk/pdfs/skeleton_game.pdf. The students will take a quiz on the computer about the skeletal system with 80% accuracy: http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/_bfs_SSquizsource.html Adaptations (For Students with Special Needs): For students that’s have a difficulty with putting the bones cutting out the bones they access the Mr. Bones puzzle online at http://www.fossweb.com/web/fossfossweb/studentmoduledetail?dDocName=D1283790&xImgSource=D1109130&x ModuleName=Human Body Extensions (For Advanced Students): The students will read about other skeletons that provide them with structure, protection and movement. Ask students to read about other skeletons (e.g. snakes, fish, bats, and apes) and report how their skeletons compare to human skeletons. Possible Connections to Other Subjects: Language Arts Play Bone-Name Games “Simon Says” The caller uses scientific names. (Simon says put your phalanges on your patella.) Students may need to us the Bone Names sheet at first. Reflection: As a time saver you may want to have a parent cut out the bones and color code the back with a marker so the students won’t mix their bones up with other groups or lose them. For class management you might want to assign students with jobs so that the activities run smoothly. The “Material Manager” will be in charge of getting material. The “Recorders” are in charge of taking notes, and the “Reporter” is the spokesperson for their group. Lesson 4: Owl Pellets Concepts/Topic to Teach: The skeletons of humans and other mammals have many similarities. Bones have different shapes depending on where they are and what their purpose is. The number and kinds of bones in an organism are characteristics inherited from the parents of the organism. Standards Addressed: COS 6: Identify structures and functions of the muscular and skeletal systems of the human body. Specific Objectives: Students will examine owl pellets, remove the rodent bones from them, and compare and contrast their structures to those of human bones. The students will reconstruct the skeleton. Required Materials for Lesson 4: For Each Group 2 owl pellets 8 toothpicks ruler or measuring tape 4 paper towels or paper plates 4 Student sheets no. 7 called Owl-Pellet Observation 4 Student sheets no. 8 called Rodent Bone Identification Latex gloves & spray mister Anticipatory Set (Lead-In): Read Science Stories: Barn Owls to the students so they can have so they can build background knowledge about barn owls. Show students the Barn Owl Slide. The slide talks about the barn owl feature, the food pyramid and a reenactment of how the owl pellets are formed. http://msnucleus.org/membership/slideshows/owl2.html Step-By-Step Procedures for Teaching the Lesson 4: Explain the Procedure Have the group form teams of two students. Hold up an owl pellet and explain the procedures. a) Unwrap the foil and remove the pellet. b) Observe the whole pellet. Notice the shape, shape color, and texture of the pellet. Write and draw your observations on the Owl-Pellet Observation student sheet. c) Gently separate the pellet into two pieces. Place each piece on a paper plate so each student has a piece to work on. d) Separate the bones from the fur and the other material using your fingers or toothpicks as probes. e) Instruct material managers to get the supplies for their groups and begin the pellet investigation. Guided Practice/Monitoring: 1) Let the students start recording the observations described in part 1 of the Owl Pellet Observation sheet. Allow 5-10 minutes. 2) Continue to have students write their observations in part 2 of the Owl-Pellet Observation sheet. Discard the fur and other material when the bones have been separated. Students will be noting the size, shape, and numbers of bones. 3) As students continue to part 3 of the Owl-Pellet Observation sheet, visit individuals and conduct 1-minute interviews to see if they can identify the similarities and differences between rodent and human bones. 4) Formative Assessment: 3-2-1 Exit Slip Students will write 3 things they learned today, 2 things they found interesting, and 1 question they may have. Closure (Reflect Anticipatory Set): Have students share the bones they are able to identify. Ask, How are these animal bones similar to the human bones? How are these animal bones different from the human bones? Have student’s record answers on the Owl-Pellet Observation sheet. Sort and Compare Pass out the Rodent Bone Identification sheet and ask the students to sort their collection of bones on this sheet. Students may discover more than one animal in the pellet. Reconstruct the Skeleton Students may now reconstruct their skeletons. They should use glue to attach the Rodent Bone Identification sheet. Students may want to share their extra bones to help others complete their skeleton. Assessment Based in Objectives: Students will examine owl pellets, remove the rodent bones from them, and compare and contrast their structures to those of human bones with 90% accuracy. The students will reconstruct the skeleton with 90% accuracy. Adaptations (For Students with Special Needs) Students may view the owl dissection online. http://www.kidwings.com/owlpellets/flash/v4/index.htm Extension (For Advanced Students) Bone Tag- One student names a bone and the next student names an adjacent bone. The bones must touch. Play it first with the assistance of the Bone Names sheet, and then from memory. Possible Connections to Other Subjects: Math Extension Problem of the Week An after-school science club was studying owls. They discovered that owls live longer in captivity than they do in the wild. The barn owls lives about 16 years in the wild and it live in captivity. How long does the barn owl live in captivity? The great horned owl lives one-fourth fewer years in the wild than it does in captivity. How many years does the great horned owl live in the wild? Show your work and explain your answers. Notes on the Problem. The first part is straightforward multiplication: 16 X 3= 48 Years The second part is straightforward subtraction. 48-12=36 Years The last part requires students to determine what one-fourth of the life expectancy of the great horned owl in captivity amounts to, and then subtract that number from the captivity life expectancy to determine the wild life expectancy. Students might use a pie cut into quarters or four blocks to conceptualize this problem. 9 years 9 years 9 years 9 years Minus ¼ 9 years 9 years 9 years =27 Years Reflection: The owl pellets are sanitary to handle. But students should wash their hands with soap after working with them. Some students may be sensitive to animal fur. Airborne fur can be kept to a minimum if you soak the pellets in water before class an allow students to work with them wet, or use a spray mister to moisten the pellets while students work. You may also want to use latex free gloves for students. Be sure to read about Barn Owls during a period before, during, or after setting up the materials. Owl Pellet Dissection Worksheet Length: ________________ Width: Draw the bones you find. ________________ How many of the following bones did you find? Humerus: ________ Femur: ________ Lower Jaw: ________ Skull: ________ Vertebrae: ________ Shoulder Blade: ________ Ulna/Radius: ________ Ribs: ________ Pelvic Bones: ________ Tibia/Fibia: ________ How many animals did this owl eat? What do the contents in this pellet tell you about the owl’s diet? Rodent Bone Identification Sheet MU_Formative Assessment 3 2 1 3 2 1 Things I Learned Today … Things I Found Interesting … Question I Still Have … Things I Learned Today … Things I Found Interesting … Question I Still Have … MU_ Informational Handout The Human Body Project Our class has been studying the Human Body. This project will involve researching a human body system. Your child has been investigating the basic structural systems of his or body, which include the skeleton, joints, and muscles and the ways these systems work together to provide movement and coordination. After completing the unit the students are responsible for creating Voki. A Voki is a character that allows someone to express themselves through a character. This character will say whatever you want it to. It is also known as a speaking avatar. This project will involve researching a human body system. Each group will work together to present their system to the class. Each group member has been assigned a particular job and will provide facts from their field about parts of the body: Orthopedic Doctor- will provide 2 interesting facts about musculoskeletal system (muscles and bones). Chiropractor- - will provide 2 interesting facts about bones, muscles, ligaments, or tendons. Physical therapists-- will provide information on at least 2 exercises that affect mobility and help people who have injuries or illnesses improve their movement and manage their pain. Rheumatologist- - will provide 2 interesting facts about, treatments, or diseases involving the joints. Group Presentation *Students must create a PowerPoint with a minimum of 10 slides. *Presentation should include group members Voki presentation and comment. * With your group, answer the following question in the comments section. Which website helped you the most in answering your questions? Why? Individual Assignment 1. Students must create an avatar at http://voki.com/ 2. Create your Voki. You must customize your character by giving it a name Ex: Dr. X-ray, give it a voice, provide a background and select a player. 3. When complete copy/paste URL for your Voki to Edmod.com using URL https://edmo.do/j/aszeia so the teacher and your classmates can view it. *PowerPoint must include a title page, Voki Presentations, Comments, and a bibliography page. *Group members will upload their Vokis’ to their PowerPoint presentations. Websites: 1. 2. 3. 4. The following web sites will help you in your search: http://www.kidskonnect.com/subjectindex/31-educational/health/337-human-body.html http://warriors.warren.k12.il.us/dburke/bodyindex.htm http://www.kidinfo.com/Health/Human_Body.html http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/health-and-human-body/humanbody/?source=G4101&kwid=ContentNetwork%7C929422345 MU_ Graphic Organizer/Research Page MU_ Group Assessment Human Body Project Rubric Name: ________________________ Date: ______________________ Group: ________________________________________________ Individual Presentation Voki (possible 70 points) You must customize your character by giving it a name Ex: Dr. X-ray, give it a voice, provide a background and select a player. (Up to 20 pts) _____ You uploaded your Voki to Edmodo ( 10 pts) _____ Interacted and provided feed back to you group members. (Up to 10pts) _____ Spelling mistakes in Voki presentation (Up to 10 pts) _____ Provide facts from their field about parts of the body (Up to 10pts) _____ Provided a bibliography and comments (Up to 10pts) _____ Total _____ Group Presentation PowerPoint (possible 30 points) Everyone presented some of the information and information was correct (up to 5 points) _____ PowerPoint has a minimum of 10 slides. (Up to 5 points) _____ Correct capitalization, punctuation, and spelling. (Up to 10 points) _____ PowerPoint contained comments and a bibliography (Up to 10 points) _____ Total _____ Comments: ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Final Grade: ____________ MU_ Summative Assessment Multimedia Project : Human Body Technology Project Teacher Name: Ms. Austin Student Name: ________________________________________ 4 3 2 Presentation Well-rehearsed with smooth delivery that holds audience attention. Rehearsed with fairly smooth delivery that holds audience attention most of the time. Delivery not smooth, Delivery not smooth but able to maintain and audience interest of the attention often lost. audience most of the time. Requirements All requirements are All requirements are One requirement met and exceeded. met. was not completely met. More than one requirement was not completely met. Sources Source information collected for all graphics, facts and quotes. All documented in desired format. Source information collected for all graphics, facts and quotes. Most documented in desired format. Source information collected for graphics, facts and quotes, but not documented in desired format. Very little or no source information was collected. Content Covers topic indepth with details and examples. Subject knowledge is excellent. Includes essential knowledge about the topic. Subject knowledge appears to be good. Includes essential information about the topic but there are 1-2 factual errors. Content is minimal OR there are several factual errors. Mechanics No misspellings or grammatical errors. Three or fewer misspellings and/or mechanical errors. Four misspellings and/or grammatical errors. More than 4 errors in spelling or grammar. CATEGORY 1 NETS-S Checklist National Educational Technology Standards for Students (NETS-S) 1. Creativity and Innovation Students demonstrate creative thinking, construct knowledge, and develop innovative products and processes using technology. ______ Apply existing knowledge to generate new ideas, products, or processes ______ Create original works as a means of personal or group expression 2. Communication and Collaboration Students use digital media and environments to communicate and work collaboratively, including at a distance, to support individual learning and contribute to the learning of others. _____ Interact, collaborate, and publish with peers, experts, or others employing a variety of digital environments and media _____ Communicate information and ideas effectively to multiple audiences using a variety of media and formats _____ Contribute to project teams to produce original works or solve problems 3. Research and Information Fluency Students apply digital tools to gather, evaluate, and use information. _____ Plan strategies to guide inquiry _____ Locate, organize, analyze, evaluate, synthesize, and ethically use information from a variety of sources and media 4. Critical Thinking, Problem Solving, and Decision Making Students use critical thinking skills to plan and conduct research, manage projects, solve problems, and make informed decisions using appropriate digital tools and resources. ____Plan and manage activities to develop a solution or complete a project ____ Collect and analyze data to identify solutions and/or make informed decisions 5. Digital Citizenship Students understand human, cultural, and societal issues related to technology and practice legal and ethical behavior. _____ Advocate and practice safe, legal, and responsible use of information and technology _____ Exhibit a positive attitude toward using technology that supports collaboration, learning, and productivity 6. Technology Operations and Concepts Students demonstrate a sound understanding of technology concepts, systems, and operations. _____Understand and use technology systems _____ Select and use applications effectively and productively