AP CHAPTER 13 HOMEWORK
name __________________
Central questions: You should be able to answer these from memory when you are
finished with this assignment. You do NOT have to write answers for questions a
through h. These questions will be a quiz.
a) When and how did the Mongols come to power?
b) What was the extent of the Mongol domain? What techniques did the Mongols use to
conquer people?
c) When did the Mongols establish a dynasty? Who established it? (See Chapter 14 p.349)
d) How did the Mongols impact cultural diffusion both positively and negatively?
e) What was the impact of the Bubonic plague on Mongol rule?
f) What impact did the Mongols have on the Middle East in the 1200s?
How did this affect Islam in the short term? What long term influence
did Islam have on the Il Khan Mongols?
h) What impact did the Mongols have on Russia?
Directions. Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. Your main objective is to
understand the impact of the Mongols on Russia and the Middle East.
The Rise of the Mongols (pp.326-332)
1) Note: Steppes are dry high, high plains with short, stubby grasslands. In which
world region did the Mongol nomads live on steppes? (326) The Mongols lived
on steppes in _________________.
2) “Every Mongol man was a full time __________, ____________, and
_____________.” (327)
3) Horses. What happened during the Tang Empire to improve the quality of
horses? (328 paragraph three) Give a complete sentence. ____________________
___________________________________________________________________
4) What did the Mongols do in order to become economically self-sufficient?
(last paragraph in first column of 329) Nomads for strove economic selfsufficiency by attempting to restrict their diet to foods ___________________
___________________________________________________________________
5) Why was iron crucially important to the Mongols? (What did they use it for?)
(329) Iron was used for _______________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
6) Why were the Mongols able to defeat formidable armies? (last paragraph 330-331)
“Part of the answer lies in the combination of their extraordinary ability on
___________________________________________________________________
7) Which three choices did people under Mongol attack face? (331, first column,
paragraph 3) Residents of cities under Mongol attack faced:
1) ______________________________________________________________
2) ______________________________________________________________
3) ______________________________________________________________
8) “The cosmopolitan nature of Muslim conquests” led to the transmission of
______________ technology and related _____________ knowledge.” (331)
9) What happened to the production of silk after the Mongol conquests? (331)
__________________________ How did this impact life in the Middle East?
“… the presence of silk throughout the _______________ and _____________
transformed the daily life of the _____________ and ___________ groups.”
10) How was the bubonic plague spread? (333) Give a complete sentence.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
11) When was the “great pandemic? (333) _________________________
Note: You must know that the Bubonic Plague led directly to the fall of the Yuan
(Mongol) Dynasty. This dynasty was started by Kublai Khan.
The Fall and Rise of Islam, 1260-1500 (pp.333-338)
1) Study the map and caption on page 335.
a) Which khanate controlled Mesopotamia and much of the Middle East? ______________
b) Which khanate controlled most of northern Eurasia? ____________________
2) Tensions between Mongols and Muslims. “Many Muslims could not forgive
the murder of the last __________________.” (334 paragraph 1)
Note: (Just read and understand this). By the 1260s, the Golden Horde leader, Batu,
converted to Islam. But even after the Golden Horde conquered Russia, they
didn’t force the Russian people to convert to Islam. They let them remain Russian
Orthodox Christians.” [Concept: religious autonomy].
3) The Il Khan Mongols were originally Buddhists. What impact did Rashid al-Din
have on the Il Khan leader ? (334) Rashid al-Din convinced the Il Khan ruler to _________.
As a result, “… all Mongols in the Il Khan empire were forced to convert to _________.”
4) Under the tax farming policy, the Mongols sold tax-collecting contrasts to small
_________________________. (As a result, tax collectors became rich). “The exorbitant
rates charged by the tax farmers drove many landowners into __________
and ___________________.
5) What did the descendants of Timur lay the groundwork for in sixteenth century
India? (336, column 1) “…they laid the groundwork for the later establishment
in ____________ of a Muslim Mongol regime, the ________________.
6) Art and Science in Eurasia. Who was Ibn Kaldun? (336-337) Give a complete sentence.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
7) a) Which European Polish monk and astronomer used Nasir al-Din’s planetary
model to develop the idea of heliocentric theory? (337) ____________________
b) What kind of numerals did Leonardo of Pisa (a.k.a. Fibonacci) adapt? (338)
Fibonacci adapted ________________ numerals. (He quit using Roman
numerals. This occurred in the 1200s after the first Crusade).
REGIONAL DEFINITION IN RESPONSE TO THE MONGOLS (pp. 338-345)
1) “After the conquests, the volume of safe, reliable overland trade throughout Eurasia
stimulated many of the commercial ___________ of _________ and _________.
But the countryside, subjected to extensive _____________ in the conquest, … and
crushing ____________, ________________ terribly. (338)
2) When did the city of Kiev fall to Mongol invaders? (339) ___________ (Locate Kiev
on the map on page 335).
3) As a result, what did the Hungarian princes acknowledge? (339) _______________
____________________________________________________________________
4) Note: The Mongol capitals were placed at the end of their caravan routes. Consequently, they developed a ‘rule-from-afar’ approach. As a result of their ‘rule-from-afar
approach, which church received great privileges and how did this impact their people? (339,
bottom of column 1) Give a complete sentence. _________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
5) Which precious metals did the Mongols extract from Russia? (339 column 2)
_____________________________________.
6) “During the 1300s, _____________ emerged as the new center of Russia, and
control of ____________became equivalent to control of the ___________________.
(Locate this city on the map on page 335. It’s important to know that this city was also
an important center of tax collection for the Mongols. This is a main reason why it
became an economic and political center of Russia. Its prominence still continues!
7) In the opinion of many historians, what impact did the Mongol conquests have
on Russia and parts of Eastern Europe. (340, bottom of column 1) [ Note: This concept
is referred to as the ‘Mongol yoke’ theory. Use this term in your answer]
Give a complete sentence. ______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
8) Note: The word tsar or czar is derived from the name Caesar. It refers to Russian
leaders starting with Ivan III. When did Russian leaders ‘throw off’ Mongol dominion?
______________.
9) “In the Middle East the Mongols ended the _______________ and _______________
dominance of Baghdad (341) [Note: You must also know that the Mongols did NOT
attempt to overthrow the Muslim religion in the Middle East. Therefore, under Mongol
rule, religious autonomy was common to people of Russia and the Middle East. You
must also know that the Mongols overthrew the last Abbasid caliph in 1258.
10) Go to Stabilization of Mamluk Rule on p.344. (Note: You must know that the
Mamluks were the ruling elite in Egypt circa1250 to 1800). What happened to
the government of Egypt under the Mamluks, despite the Mongol attacks?
(Did it get stronger or weaker? Contrast this with Russia). Give a complete sentence.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
CONCLUSION. Read the last two paragraphs on page 345 and answer these questions
in complete sentences. You need to explain the contrasting impact that the Mongols had
on the domains they controlled directly as opposed to those on the periphery (the outer,
remote regions) of their empire which they controlled indirectly.
1) Describe the positive and negative effects that the Mongols had on their directly
controlled domains. _____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2) In contrast, describe the effects that the Mongols had on the peripheries of their
empire. ______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Mongol quiz review
name ________________
THIS IS NOT PART OF THE HOMEWORK, BUT YOU NEED TO STUDY THIS FOR THE MONGOL
QUIZ.
A) When did the Mongols come to power?
Who was their first leader?
B) What techniques did the Mongols use to conquer people?
C) When did the Mongols establish a dynasty?
Who established it?
When and why did the dynasty collapse?
D) How did the Mongols impact cultural diffusion both positively and negatively?
E) What was the impact of the Bubonic plague on Mongol rule?
F) (These questions pertain to Mongol influence on the Middle East in the 1200s).
What happened to the power of Baghdad after the fall of the last caliph in 1258?
What method did the Mongols use to collect taxes?
What happened to landowners as a result of this method?
Were the people of the Middle East allowed to keep practicing Islam? (What is
this concept called?)
G) What long term influence did Islam have on the Il Khan Mongols? (Which Muslim
regime eventually developed in India?)
H) What impact did the Mongols have on Russia? (Hints: Explain the Mongol yoke
theory, Which city became the economic and political center of Russia? Why?)