Name _________________________________________________Period ________ Date _____________________
Study Island
Lesson 7 -Evolution
1. Name the forms of scientific evidence that supports evolution. ___________________ ____________________
__________________________ _________________________ _________________________.
2. How do scientists use this information?
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Fossil Evidence
3. What is a fossil?
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4. What do fossil records provide?
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Variations in DNA Sequences
5. Describe comparative biochemistry.
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6. True or False. Related organisms do not often evolve from a common ancestor.
Comparative Anatomy
7. Homologous structures are
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8. How were the new species created? _________________________________________________________________
9. Vestigial structures are
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10. Name the three examples given that are found in humans.
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Comparative Embryology
11. Embryological development is the study of similarities and differences in ______________, for instance, _________ are present
in all _____________ embryos at some stage in development.
Physiological Similarities
12. How does the physiology (body function) of related organisms compare?_________________________
Analogous and Homologous Structures
Comparative Anatomy
13. What are the two factors that can effect organism’s comparative anatomy?
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Homologous Structures
14. Homologous structures share the same _______________, but may have __________________________________
______________________________________.
15. Which organisms have the same skeletal elements of their forearms?
______________________ _______________________ ______________________ ___________________
16. Why might the arrangement and function of the bones in homologous structures be different?
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Analogous Structures
17. Analogous structures have ________________________________________________________________________ and they
evolve _______________ in unrelated species, and their presence does not imply that the organisms ________________ from the
same ancestor.
Evolution- History of Life on Earth
18. Match the following terms with their definitions:
_____living in the presence of gaseous oxygen
A. autotroph
_____living in the absence of gaseous oxygen
B. anaerobic
_____organisms that can synthesize its own food
C. aerobic
_____organism that cannot synthesize its own food and consumes organic material
D. heterotrophy
19. During what time period did the
a. first eukaryotic cells appear________________________
b. first mammals appear ____________________________
c. first humans appear______________________________
First Life
20. Describe the first indicate life forms._________________________________________________________________
21. What is the endosymbiont theory?
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Mechanisms of Evolution
Natural Selection
22. Organisms with _____________ traits, are well-suited to their immediate _______________. Organisms with this
advantage are more likely to __________________________________________________________
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Favorable Traits
23. True or false. Favorable traits increase an organism’s success within a particular environment.
24. What happens if an organism dies before reproducing?
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Natural Selection Occurs Over Time
25. How does natural selection create new species?
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26. How long does it take for natural selection take to develop changes in species?______________________
27. What is a mutation?
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28. What is the term used for an offspring created by the combination of genetic material from 2 parents?
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Basic Criteria for Natural Selection
29. What does survival of a species depend on?__________________________________________________
30. Match the following terms with their definitions:
_____a species produces more offspring than will survive to maturity
A. Struggle to survive
_____the individuals with the species’ population are all genetically slightly
B. Successful Reproduction
different from each other
_____individuals of the population must struggle to access resources
C. Overproduction
D. Genetic Variation
and/or avoid predators
_____individuals that are successful at surviving are able to reproduce and
pass on their genes to their offspring
Results of Natural Selection
Diversity
31. What is diversity?
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Adaptation
32. What is an adaptation?
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Speciation
33. What is speciation?
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34. Organisms that are _____________ will adapt to develop different _____________ to the different selective ______
found in the new _____________ environments and over a long period of time will develop enough changes to their
__________ __________ that they will no longer be able to __________.
35. Extinction refers to the process of a species__________________________________________________
36. A __________________ illustrates the evolutionary history and _______________ of a species.
Natural Selection and Genetic Drift and Gene Flow
37. Genetic drift is _________________________________________________________________________
38. True or False. Genetic drift is more noticeable in small breeding populations.
39. True or False. Genetic drift involves the process of Natural Selection.
40. Gene flow is the ______________ of genetic information from one _______________ population to another. It can
be an important source of ______________ _______________ and can be caused in many different ways.