Name-____________________________ Date-_____________ Class-__________ Part I- Constitutional Principles Chapter 1- Constitutional Democracy democracy Articles of Confederation direct democracy Annapolis Convention representative democracy Constitutional Convention constitutional democracy Shay’s Rebellion constitutionalism bicameralism statism Virginia Plan popular consent New Jersey Plan majority Connecticut Compromise plurality three-fifths compromise social capital Federalists ideology Antifederalists theocracy The Federalist Chapter 2- The Living Constitution natural law recall separation of powers judicial review checks and balances writ of mandamus divided government impeachment direct primary executive order initiative executive privilege referendum impoundment Chapter 3- American Federalism devolution concurrent powers federalism full faith and credit clause unitary system extradition confederation interstate compact express powers national supremacy implied powers preemption necessary and proper clause centralists inherent powers decentralists commerce clause revenue sharing federal mandate Part II- Political Process Chapter 4- Political Culture and Ideology social capital monopolies political culture antitrust legislation natural rights ideology democratic consensus liberalism majority rule conservatism popular sovereignty socialism American Dream environmentalism Capitalism libertarianism Chapter 5- The American Political Landscape ethnocentrism reinforcing cleavages political socialization cross-cutting cleavages demographics manifest destiny predisposition race gross domestic product (GDP) ethnicity socioeconomic status (SES) gender gap Chapter 6- Interest Groups: The Politics of Influence issue advocacy amicus curiae brief faction lobbying interest group lobbyist movement revolving door open shop iron triangle closed shop political action committee (PAC) free rider bundling Federal Register soft money Chapter 7- Political Parties: Essential to Democracy party column ballot proportional representation office block ballot winner-take all nonpartisan minor party patronage realigning election soft money laissez-faire honeymoon Keynesian economics caucus divided government party convention political party direct primary national party convention open primary party registration crossover voting party identification closed primary dealignment Chapter 8- Public Opinion, Participation and Voting public opinion Australian ballot political socialization turnout attentive public party identification voter registration Chapter 9- Campaigns and Elections: Democracy in Action winner-take-all caucus single-member district national party convention proportional representation interested money Electoral College soft money safe seat issue advocacy coattail effect independent expenditures Chapter 10- The Media and American Politics mass media political socialization news media selective exposure issue ad selective perception fairness doctrine Part III- Policy-Making Institutions Chapter 11- Congress: The Peoples Branch safe seat minority leader reapportionment whip redistricting party caucus gerrymandering closed rule bicameralism open rule Speaker hold majority leader president pro tempore filibuster rider cloture pocket veto senatorial courtesy override delegate joint committee trustee select or special committee attentive public discharge petition log rolling seniority rule standing committee conference committee Chapter 12- The Presidency: The Leadership Branch divided government Office of Management and Budget Executive Office of the President cabinet Chapter 13- Congressional Presidential Relations executive privilege pocket veto executive order item veto veto Chapter 14- The Judiciary: The Balancing Branch judicial review petit jury adversary system magistrate judge justiciable dispute court of appeals class action suit habeas corpus political question defendant stare decisis plea bargain appellate jurisdiction public defender system original jurisdiction senatorial courtesy grand jury judicial restraint judicial activism opinion of the court writ of certiorari dissenting opinion amicus curaie concurring opinion Chapter 15- The Bureaucracy the Real power bureaucrat government corporation bureaucracy independent agency spoils sytem independent regulatory board merit system Office of Management and Budget Office of Personnel Management (OPM) Hatch Act bureau iron triangle Part IV- Rights and Liberties Chapter 16- First Amendment Freedoms writ of habeas corpus preferred position doctrine ex post facto law nonprotected speech bill of attainder libel due process clause sedition selective incorporation obscenity establishment clause fighting words free exercise clause commercial speech bad tendency test prior restraint clear and present danger test civil disobedience Chapter 17- Rights to Life, Liberty, and Property naturalization contract clause dual citizenship police powers right of expiration eminent domain property rights regulatory taking grand jury due process indictment procedural due process plea bargain substantive due process petit jury search warrant double jeopardy exclusionary rule racial profiling immunity community policing Chapter 18- Equal Rights Under the Law natural rights literacy test affirmative action majority-minority district women’s suffrage Jim Crow laws equal protection clause de jure segregation due process clause de facto segregation white primary commerce clause racial gerrymandering class action suite poll tax racial or religious restrictive covenants Part V- The Politics of National Policy Chapter 19- Making Economic and Regulatory Policy fiscal policy gross domestic product (GDP) monetary policy entitlement program tariff Office of Management and Budget (OMB) excise tax Congressional Budget Office (CBO) progressive tax concurrent resolution regressive tax reconciliation deficit General Accounting Office (GAO) debt comptroller general sales tax regulation value-added tax (VAT) independent regulatory agency tax expenditure monopoly monetarism antitrust regulation Federal Reserve Board trust laissez-faire economics interlocking directorate Keynesian economics yellow-dog contract inflation closed shop trade deficit union shop World Trade Organization (WTO) labor injunction General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) collective bargaining North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) environmental impact statement protectionism deregulation Chapter 20- Making Social Policy Social Security health maintenance organization (HMO) entitlement programs medical savings account Medicare vouchers Medicaid charter schools fee for service Chapter 21- Making Foreign and Defense Policy permanent normal trade relations status (PNTR) economic sanctions bipartisanship Part IV- State and Local Government Chapter 22- State and Local Politics: Who Governs? social stratification redistributivepolicies Chapter 23- State Constitutions: Charters or Straitjackets? judicial interpretation revision commission new judicial federalism constitutional initiative petition Chapter 24- Parties and Elections in the States party column ballot two-party state straight ticket one-party state office block ballot closed primary split ticket crossover voting soft money open primary issue advocacy blanket primary party caucus turnout redistricting disclosure Chapter 25- State Legislatures bicameral legislature redistricting unicameral legislature gerrymandering legislative caucus malaportionment lobby majority-minority district trustee initiative delegate referendum federal mandate recall