Name _______________________________
Date __________________
Ch 10 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles – Biology in Focus
Overview – Variations on a Theme
1. Define the following:
a. Heredity
b. Genetics
Concept 10.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes
2. Define the following:
a. Genes
b. Gametes
c. Somatic cells
d. Locus
3. Explain the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction and give an example of each.
Concept 10.2 Fertilization and meiosis alternate in sexual life cycles.
4. Explain how a karyotype is made.
5. What are homologous chromosomes?
6. Define the following:
a. Sex chromosomes
b. Autosomes
c. Diploid cell
d. Haploid cell
7. In the following diagram, label a centromere, a pair of homologous chromosomes, two
nonsister chromatids and a pair of sister chromatids.
8. Define the following:
a. Fertilization
b. Zygote
c. Meiosis
9. Label the three different types of sexual life cycles.
10. Explain alternation of generations
Concept 10.3 Meiosis reduces the number of chromosome sets from diploid to haploid
11. In the following table – draw and explain what is happening in each stage of meiosis
Prophase I
Metaphase I
Anaphase I
Telophase
and
cytokinesis
Prophase II
Metaphase II
Anaphase II
I
Telophase
and
cytokinesis
II
12. Explain synapsis and crossing over. What is the benefit of this?
13. Complete the chart: Differences between mitosis and meiosis
Property
Mitosis
DNA replication
Number of divisions
Synapsis
of
chromosomes
homologous
Number of daughter cells and
genetic composition
Role in animal body
Meiosis
Concept 10.4 Genetic variation produced in sexual life cycles contributes to evolution
14. What are alleles?
15. Explain Independent Assortment of Chromosomes
16. On average, how many crossing over events happen per chromosome?
17. Under what conditions do you think crossing over during meiosis would NOT lead to variation in the
daughter cells?
17. Explain how random fertilization can lead to variation.
18. What is the evolutionary significance of genetic variation within populations?