Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems
WVEIS 1875
This course introduces the student to the knowledge base and technical skills related to industrial Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems.
Areas of study include hydraulic principles, practical application of hydraulic systems, pneumatic principles, and practical application of
pneumatic systems. Emphasis will be placed on career exploration, job seeking skills, and personal and professional ethics. Safety
instruction is integrated into all activities. Students will utilize problem-solving techniques and participate in laboratory activities to
develop an understanding of course concepts. Teachers should provide each student with real world learning opportunities and
instruction related to industrial hydraulic and pneumatic systems occupations. Students are encouraged to become active members of
SkillsUSA for additional co-curricular opportunities that enhance student achievement, develop student leadership, and support
experiential learning. The West Virginia Standards for 21st Century Learning include the following components: 21 st Century Content
Standards and 21st Century Learning Skills and Technology Tools. All West Virginia teachers are responsible for classroom instruction
that integrates learning skills, technology tools, and content standards and objectives.
Grade 11-Adult
Standard: 1
ET.S.HAPS.1
Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems
Hydraulic Principles
Students will demonstrate competency applying hydraulic principles to calculate values and solve problems
related to industrial hydraulic systems.
Objectives
Students will
ET.O.HAPS.1.1
define hydraulics, hydrostatics, and hydrodynamics.
ET.O.HAPS.1.2
define fluid, liquid, and gas.
ET.O.HAPS.1.3
compare the differences between atmospheric, gauge, and absolute pressure.
ET.O.HAPS.1.4
calculate the values of force, pressure, and area in a hydraulic system.
ET.O.HAPS.1.5
analyze the factors that affect fluid flow.
ET.O.HAPS.1.6
measure for volume, capacity, velocity, flow, and speed in a hydraulic system.
ET.O.HAPS.1.7
explain mechanical advantage and demonstrate its application in a hydraulic system.
ET.O.HAPS.1.8
identify five types of energy.
ET.O.HAPS.1.9
calculate efficiency, horsepower, and torque.
Performance Descriptors (ET.PD.HAPS.1)
Above Mastery
Mastery
Partial Mastery
The student demonstrates exceptional
The student demonstrates competent
The student demonstrates basic but
and exemplary performance with
and proficient performance and shows a inconsistent performance of fundamental
distinctive and sophisticated application
thorough and effective application of
knowledge and skills, characterized by
of knowledge and skills that exceed the
knowledge and skills that meet the
errors and/or omissions in hydraulic
standard in hydraulic principles. The
standard in hydraulic principles. The
principles. The student can define
student can compare and contrast
student can examine hydraulics,
hydraulics, hydrostatics, and
hydraulics, hydrostatics, and
hydrostatics, and hydrodynamics;
hydrodynamics; define fluid, liquid, and
hydrodynamics; compare and contrast
examine fluid, liquid, and gas; outline
gas; describe the differences between
fluid, liquid, and gas; compare and
the differences between atmospheric,
atmospheric, gauge, and absolute
contrast the differences between
gauge, and absolute pressure; examine pressure; identify the values of force,
atmospheric, gauge, and absolute
the values of force, pressure, and area
pressure, and area in a hydraulic system;
pressure; assess the values of force,
in a hydraulic system; analyze the
list the factors that affect fluid flow;
pressure, and area in a hydraulic
factors that affect fluid flow; measure for describe measuring for volume, capacity,
system; evaluate the factors that affect
volume, capacity, velocity, flow, and
velocity, flow, and speed in a hydraulic
fluid flow; compare and contrast volume, speed in a hydraulic system; examine
system; explain mechanical advantage
capacity, velocity, flow, and speed in a
mechanical advantage and demonstrate and demonstrate its application in a
hydraulic system; assess mechanical
its application in a hydraulic system;
hydraulic system; identify five types of
advantage and demonstrate its
outline five types of energy; and
energy; and calculate efficiency,
application in a hydraulic system;
calculate efficiency, horsepower, and
horsepower, and torque. Performance
compare and contrast five types of
torque. Application of knowledge and
needs further development and
energy; and evaluate efficiency,
skills is thorough and effective, and the
supervision.
horsepower, and torque. The student
student can work independently.
can independently solve problems and is
self-directed.
Standard: 2
Practical Hydraulics
ET.S.HAPS.2
Students will demonstrate competency in the practical application of hydraulic principles in industrial
hydraulic systems.
Objectives
Students will
ET.O.HAPS.2.1
read and interpret graphic hydraulic diagrams.
ET.O.HAPS.2.2
analyze the six essential elements of a hydraulic circuit.
ET.O.HAPS.2.3
explain the functions of hydraulic fluid.
ET.O.HAPS.2.4
explain the functions of a reservoir.
ET.O.HAPS.2.5
identify and apply different types of hydraulic piping and fittings.
ET.O.HAPS.2.6
identify the function and types of hydraulic pumps applied in industrial hydraulic systems.
ET.O.HAPS.2.7
identify the function, types, and application of hydraulic pressure, directional, and flow control valves.
ET.O.HAPS.2.8
shift directional control valves.
ET.O.HAPS.2.9
identify the function, types, and application of hydraulic actuators.
ET.O.HAPS.2.10 disassemble and reassemble hydraulic valves.
ET.O.HAPS.2.11 disassemble and reassemble hydraulic actuators.
ET.O.HAPS.2.12 assemble a basic hydraulic system.
Performance Descriptors (ET.PD.HAPS.2)
Above Mastery
Mastery
Partial Mastery
The student demonstrates exceptional The student demonstrates competent and
The student demonstrates basic but
and exemplary performance with
proficient performance and shows a thorough inconsistent performance of
distinctive and sophisticated application and effective application of knowledge and
fundamental knowledge and skills,
of knowledge and skills that exceed the skills that meet the standard in practical
characterized by errors and/or
standard in practical hydraulics. The
hydraulics. Specifically, the student can
omissions in practical hydraulics. The
student can assess graphic hydraulic
diagrams; evaluate the six essential
elements of a hydraulic circuit; assess
the functions of hydraulic fluid and a
reservoir; compare and contrast
different types of hydraulic piping and
fittings; compare and contrast the
function and types of hydraulic pumps
applied in industrial hydraulic systems;
compare and contrast the function,
types, and application of hydraulic
pressure, directional, and flow control
valves; shift directional control valves;
assess the function, types, and
application of hydraulic actuators;
assess the disassembly and
reassembly of hydraulic valves and
hydraulic actuators; and evaluate the
assembly of a basic hydraulic system.
The student can independently solve
problems and is self-directed.
thoroughly and effectively apply knowledge
student can read and describe graphic
to independently solve problems related to
hydraulic diagrams; list the six
the practical application of hydraulic
essential elements of a hydraulic
principles. The student can read and
circuit; explain the functions of
examine graphic hydraulic diagrams; analyze hydraulic fluid and a reservoir; identify
the six essential elements of a hydraulic
and apply different types of hydraulic
circuit; outline the functions of hydraulic fluid piping and fittings; identify the function
and a reservoir; construct and apply different and types of hydraulic pumps applied
types of hydraulic piping and fittings;
in industrial hydraulic systems; identify
demonstrate the function and types of
the function, types, and application of
hydraulic pumps applied in industrial
hydraulic pressure, directional, and
hydraulic systems; examine the function,
flow control valves; label shift
types, and application of hydraulic pressure, directional control valves; identify the
directional, and flow control valves; shift
function, types, and application of
directional control valves; examine the
hydraulic actuators; describe how to
function, types, and application of hydraulic
disassemble and reassemble
actuators; disassemble and reassemble
hydraulic valves and hydraulic
hydraulic valves and hydraulic actuators; and actuators; and describe how to
assemble a basic hydraulic system.
assemble a basic hydraulic system.
Application of knowledge and skills is
Performance needs further
thorough and effective, and the student can
development and supervision.
work independently.
Standard: 3
Pneumatic Principles
ET.S.HAPS.3
Students will demonstrate competency applying pneumatic principles to calculate values and solve problems
related to industrial pneumatic systems.
Objectives
Students will
ET.O.HAPS.3.1
define pneumatics and identify the advantages of pneumatic systems.
ET.O.HAPS.3.2
compare and contrast the characteristics and properties of a gas.
ET.O.HAPS.3.3
identify the properties and types of pressure.
ET.O.HAPS.3.4
utilize Boyle’s Law in a pneumatic system.
ET.O.HAPS.3.5
apply Charles’ Law in a pneumatic system.
ET.O.HAPS.3.6
apply Guy-Lussac’s Law in a pneumatic system.
ET.O.HAPS.3.7
apply the combined gas law in a pneumatic system.
ET.O.HAPS.3.8
explain the production of pneumatic pressure in a pneumatic system.
ET.O.HAPS.3.9
remove heat and contaminates generated through compression.
ET.O.HAPS.3.10 define humidity and its relationship to pneumatic systems.
Performance Descriptors (ET.PD.HAPS.3)
Above Mastery
Mastery
Partial Mastery
The student demonstrates exceptional
and exemplary performance with
distinctive and sophisticated application
of knowledge and skills that exceed the
standard in pneumatic principles. The
student can assess pneumatics and
identify the advantages of pneumatic
systems; compare and contrast the
characteristics and properties of a gas;
evaluate the properties and types of
pressure; assess Boyle’s Law in a
pneumatic system; evaluate Charles’
Law and Guy-Lussac’s Law in a
pneumatic system; assess the combined
gas law in a pneumatic system; evaluate
the production of pneumatic pressure;
critique removal of heat and
contaminates generated through
compression; and assess humidity and
its relationship to pneumatic systems.
The student can independently solve
problems and is self-directed.
Standard: 4
ET.S.HAPS.4
The student demonstrates competent
and proficient performance and shows a
thorough and effective application of
knowledge and skills that meet the
standard in pneumatic principles. The
student can examine pneumatics and
identify the advantages of pneumatic
systems; outline the characteristics and
properties of a gas; examine the
properties and types of pressure;
examine Boyle’s Law in a pneumatic
system; demonstrate Charles’ Law and
Guy-Lussac’s Law in a pneumatic
system; demonstrate the combined gas
law in a pneumatic system; examine the
production of pneumatic pressure;
remove heat and contaminates
generated through compression; and
examine humidity and its relationship to
pneumatic systems. Applications of
knowledge and skills is thorough and
effective, and the student can work
independently.
The student demonstrates basic but
inconsistent performance of fundamental
knowledge and skills, characterized by
errors and/or omissions in pneumatic
principles. The student can define
pneumatics and identify the advantages
of pneumatic systems; describe the
characteristics and properties of a gas;
identify the properties and types of
pressure; define Boyle’s Law in a
pneumatic system; describe Charles’ Law
and Guy-Lussac’s Law in a pneumatic
system; describe the combined gas law in
a pneumatic system; explain the
production of pneumatic pressure;
describe how to remove heat and
contaminates generated through
compression; and define humidity and its
relationship to pneumatic systems.
Performance needs further development
and supervision.
Practical Pneumatics
Students will demonstrate competency in the practical application of pneumatic principles in industrial
pneumatic systems.
Objectives
Students will
ET.O.HAPS.4.1
analyze the seven basic components of a pneumatic system.
ET.O.HAPS.4.2
explain the basic principle and application of air compression.
ET.O.HAPS.4.3
compare four functions pneumatic circuit components perform in a pneumatic system.
ET.O.HAPS.4.4
explain the function and application of lubricators in pneumatic systems.
ET.O.HAPS.4.5
describe the basic function, operation, and application of a solenoid.
ET.O.HAPS.4.6
compare and contrast a static seal and a dynamic seal.
ET.O.HAPS.4.7
define pneumatic logic elements, and list three basic logic elements as applied in pneumatic circuits.
ET.O.HAPS.4.8
assemble a basic pneumatic circuit.
Performance Descriptors (ET.PD.HAPS.4)
Above Mastery
Mastery
Partial Mastery
The student demonstrates exceptional
The student demonstrates competent
The student demonstrates basic but
and exemplary performance with
and proficient performance and shows a inconsistent performance of fundamental
distinctive and sophisticated application
thorough and effective application of
knowledge and skills, characterized by
of knowledge and skills that exceed the
knowledge and skills that meet the
errors and/or omissions in practical
standard in practical pneumatics. The
standard in practical pneumatics. The
pneumatics. The student can describe
student can assess the seven basic
student can analyze the seven basic
the seven basic components of a
components of a pneumatic system;
components of a pneumatic system;
pneumatic system; explain the basic
evaluate the basic principle and
examine the basic principle and
principle and application of air
application of air compression; compare application of air compression; compare compression; list four functions pneumatic
and contrast four functions pneumatic
four functions pneumatic circuit
circuit components perform in a
circuit components perform in a
components perform in a pneumatic
pneumatic system; explain the function
pneumatic system; assess the function
system; examine the function and
and application of lubricators in
and application of lubricators in
application of lubricators in pneumatic
pneumatic systems; describe the basic
pneumatic systems; evaluate the basic
systems; outline the basic function,
function, operation, and application of a
function, operation, and application of a
operation, and application of a solenoid; solenoid; label a static seal and a
solenoid; compare and contrast a static
compare a static seal and a dynamic
dynamic seal; define pneumatic logic
seal and a dynamic seal; evaluate
seal; examine pneumatic logic elements, elements, and list three basic logic
pneumatic logic elements, and list three
and list three basic logic elements as
elements as applied in pneumatic circuits;
basic logic elements as applied in
applied in pneumatic circuits; and
and describe a basic pneumatic circuit.
pneumatic circuits; and assess a basic
construct a basic pneumatic circuit.
Performance needs further development
pneumatic circuit. The student can
Applications of knowledge and skills is
and supervision.
independently solve problems and is
thorough and effective, and the student
self-directed.
can work independently.
Standard: 5
Participating in the Student Organization
ET.S.HAPS.5
Students will participate in a local student organization
Objectives
Students will
ET.O.HAPS.5.1
examine the purposes and goals of student organizations.
ET.O.HAPS.5.2
demonstrate leadership skills through participation in student organization activities such as meetings,
programs, projects, and competitions.
ET.O.HAPS.5.3
discover the benefits and responsibilities of participation in student, professional, and civic organizations as
an adult.
Performance Descriptors (ET.PD.HAPS.5)
Above Mastery
Mastery
Partial Mastery
The student demonstrates exceptional
The student demonstrates competent
The student demonstrates basic but
and exemplary performance with
and proficient performance and shows a inconsistent performance of fundamental
distinctive and sophisticated application
thorough and effective application of
knowledge and skills characterized by
of knowledge and skills that exceed the
knowledge and skills that meet the
errors and/or omissions in participating in
standard in participating in the student
standard in participating in the student
the student organization. The student
organization. The student can critique
organization. The student can examine can list the purposes and goals of student
the purposes and goals of student and
professional organizations; assess the
leadership skills gained through
participation in student organization
activities such as meetings, programs,
projects, and competitions; and analyze
the benefits and responsibilities of
participation in student, professional, and
civic organization as an adult. The
student can independently solve
problems and is self-directed.
the purposes and goals of student and
and professional organizations; describe
professional organizations; demonstrate the leadership skills gained through
leadership skills through participation in
participation in student organization
student organization activities such as
activities such as meetings, programs,
meetings, programs, projects, and
projects, and competitions; and list the
competitions; and discover the benefits
benefits and responsibilities of
and responsibilities of participation in
participation in student, professional, and
student, professional, and civic
civic organization as an adult.
organization as an adult. Application of
Performance needs further development
knowledge and skills is thorough and
and supervision.
effective, and the student can work
independently.
Standard: 6
Literacy and Numeracy
ET.S.HAPS.6
Students will demonstrate the literacy and numeracy skills required to solve complex, real-world problems
associated with their career/technical content area and improve their thinking and reasoning skills.
Objectives
Students will
ET.O.HAPS.6.1
utilize a variety of technical sources (e.g., Internet, manuals, journals, directions, reports, etc.) to complete
career/technical assignments and projects.
ET.O.HAPS.6.2
demonstrate writing skills required to complete career/technical assignments and projects.
ET.O.HAPS.6.3
demonstrate accuracy in calculating and measuring graphical work required to complete career/technical
assignments and projects.
ET.O.HAPS.6.4
analyze tables, charts, graphs and multiple data sources to complete career/technical assignments and
projects.
Performance Descriptors (ET.PD.HAPS.6)
Above Mastery
Mastery
Partial Mastery
The student demonstrates exceptional
The student demonstrates competent
The student demonstrates basic but
and exemplary performance with
and proficient performance and shows
inconsistent performance of fundamental
distinctive and sophisticated application a thorough and effective application of
knowledge and skills characterized by
of knowledge and skills that exceed the
knowledge and skills that meet the
errors and/or omissions in literacy and
standard in literacy and numeracy. The
standard in literacy and numeracy. The numeracy. The student selects a variety
student chooses a variety of technical
student utilizes a variety of technical
of technical sources (e.g., Internet,
sources (e.g., Internet, manuals,
sources (e.g., Internet, manuals,
manuals, journals, directions, reports,
journals, directions, reports, etc.) to
journals, directions, reports, etc.) to
etc.) to complete career/technical
complete career/technical assignments
complete career/technical assignments assignments and projects; reproduces
and projects; performs writing skills
and projects; demonstrates writing skills writing skills required to complete
required to complete career/technical
required to complete career/technical
career/technical assignments and
assignments and projects;
assignments and projects;
projects; illustrates accuracy in
communicates accuracy in calculating
demonstrates accuracy in calculating
calculating and measuring graphical work
and measuring graphical work required
to complete career/technical
assignments and projects; and
evaluates tables, charts, graphs and
multiple data sources to complete
career/technical assignments and
projects. The student can independently
solve problems and is self-directed.
and measuring graphical work required required to complete career/technical
to complete career/technical
assignments and projects; and explains
assignments and projects; and
tables, charts, graphs and multiple data
analyzes tables, charts, graphs and
sources to complete career/technical
multiple data sources to complete
assignments and projects. Performance
career/technical assignments and
needs further development and
projects. Application of knowledge and
supervision.
skills is thorough and effective and the
student can work independently.
st
Standard: 7
21 Century Learning Skills
ET.S.HAPS.7
The student will
 access and manipulate information for use in oral, written, or multimedia format using appropriate
technology skills.
 apply sound reasoning processes to solve complex real-world problems and develop new ideas.
 exhibit leadership and ethical behavior in planning and executing tasks, as an individual or a
group member.
Objectives
Students will
ET.O.HAPS.7.1
search online using a range of technology tools and media to access relevant information needed for
problem solving.
ET.O.HAPS.7.2
create information for oral, written, and multimedia communications, adhering to copyright laws.
ET.O.HAPS.7.3
engage in problem solving and critical thinking processes to create and evaluate complex strategies in
order to independently solve problems.
ET.O.HAPS.7.4
adapt to new situations by considering multiple perspectives and a commitment to continued learning.
ET.O.HAPS.7.5
exhibit ethical behavior and positive leadership while working collaboratively in the school and/or
community.
ET.O.HAPS.7.6
model legal and ethical behaviors in the use of technology.
Performance Descriptors (ET.PD.HAPS.7)
Above Mastery
Mastery
Partial Mastery
The student demonstrates exceptional
The student demonstrates competent
The student demonstrates basic but
and exemplary performance with
and proficient performance and shows
inconsistent performance of fundamental
distinctive and sophisticated application a thorough and effective application of
knowledge and skills characterized by
of knowledge and skills that exceed the
knowledge and skills that meet the
errors and/or omissions in 21st century
standard in 21st century learning skills.
standard in 21st century learning skills.
learning skills. The student explains
The student assesses online technology The student searches online using a
online technology tools and media to
tools and media to access relevant
range of technology tools and media to access relevant information needed for
information needed for problem solving; access relevant information needed for problem solving; identifies information for
critiques information for oral, written,
problem solving; creates information for oral, written, and multimedia
and multimedia communications,
oral, written, and multimedia
communications, adhering to copyright
adhering to copyright laws; integrates
problem solving and critical thinking
processes to create and evaluate
complex strategies in order to
independently solve problems; interprets
new situations by considering multiple
perspectives and a commitment to
continued learning; incorporates ethical
behavior and positive leadership while
working collaboratively in the school
and/or community; and reinforces legal
and ethical behaviors in the use of
technology. The student can
independently solve problems and is
self-directed.
communications, adhering to copyright
laws; discusses problem solving and
laws; engages in problem solving and
critical thinking processes to create and
critical thinking processes to create and evaluate complex strategies in order to
evaluate complex strategies in order to independently solve problems; discusses
independently solve problems; adapts
new situations by considering multiple
to new situations by considering
perspectives and a commitment to
multiple perspectives and a
continued learning; reviews ethical
commitment to continued learning;
behavior and positive leadership while
exhibits ethical behavior and positive
working collaboratively in the school
leadership while working collaboratively and/or community; and describes legal
in the school and/or community; and
and ethical behaviors in the use of
models legal and ethical behaviors in
technology. Performance needs further
the use of technology. Application of
development and supervision.
knowledge and skills is thorough and
effective and the student can work
independently.
Standard: 8
Entrepreneurship Skills
ET.S.HAPS.8
Students will access the opportunities, concepts, processes, and personal traits/behaviors associated with
successful entrepreneurial performance.
Objectives
Students will
ET.O.HAPS.8.1
assess global trends in entrepreneurship that are related to their career/technical program.
ET.O.HAPS.8.2
determine entrepreneurial opportunities in venture creation related to their career/technical program.
ET.O.HAPS.8.3
examine desirable entrepreneurial personality traits.
Performance Descriptors (ET.PD.HAPS.8)
Above Mastery
Mastery
Partial Mastery
The student demonstrates exceptional
The student demonstrates competent
The student demonstrates basic but
and exemplary performance with
and proficient performance and shows
inconsistent performance of fundamental
distinctive and sophisticated application a thorough and effective application of
knowledge and skills characterized by
of knowledge and skills that exceed the
knowledge and skills that meet the
errors and/or omissions in
standard in entrepreneurship skills. The standard in entrepreneurship skills. The entrepreneurship skills. The student lists
student critiques global trends in
student assesses global trends in
global trends in entrepreneurship that are
entrepreneurship that are related to their entrepreneurship that are related to
related to their career/technical program;
career/technical program; evaluates
their career/technical program;
describes entrepreneurial opportunities in
entrepreneurial opportunities in venture
determines entrepreneurial
venture creation related to their
creation related to their career/technical opportunities in venture creation related career/technical program; and identifies
program; and assesses desirable
to their career/technical program; and
desirable entrepreneurial personality
entrepreneurial personality traits. The
examines desirable entrepreneurial
traits. Performance needs further
student can independently solve
personality traits. Application of
development and supervision.
problems and is self-directed.
knowledge and skills is thorough and
effective and the student can work
independently.