Molecule Polarity and Solubility
Name: ___________________________________________
Date: ____________
Purpose:
To predict whether two substances will form a solution based on the polarity of the molecules.
Equipment: Molecular model building set
Procedure:
1.
Complete the data chart in the following pages and answer the conclusion questions by
constructing molecules with the kit, using this color key:
Black = Carbon
Red = Oxygen
White = Hydrogen
Green = Chlorine
Blue = Nitrogen
Orange = Bromine
Conclusion Questions:
1. How could you tell if a molecule was polar of not?
2. How many of the molecules you built were polar? _____
3. How many of the molecules you built were nonpolar? _____
4. What type of molecule can dissolve in a polar solvent (polar or nonpolar)?
5. Will chlorine form a solution with ammonia? Why or why not?
6. Will carbon dioxide dissolve in cyclohexane? Why or why not?
7. Is hydrogen peroxide soluble in water? Why or why not?
8. Motor oil is nonpolar; which would be a better solvent to get a motor oil stain out of your clothes – water
or cyclohexane? Why?
9. Iodine is a diatomic element. Knowing that, explain why you would not be able to clean up an iodine
spill with water.
10. If you dissolved 10g of hydrogen bromide in 100g of methanol, which part would be considered the
solute? How do you know?
Name
Formula
Structural Representation
1
Chlorine
Cl2
Cl—Cl
2
Ammonia
NH3
H—N—H
|
H
Cl
|
H—C—Cl
|
H
3
Dichloromethane
CH2Cl2
4
Nitrogen
N2
N==N
5
Carbon Dioxide
CO2
O==C==O
6
Methanol
CH3OH
H
|
H—O—C—H
|
H
Is it Symmetrical in
3D?
Is it Polar?
7
Hydrogen
Peroxide
H2O2
H—O—O—H
8
Water
H2O
H—O—H
H
C
9
Cyclohexane
C6H6
/
HC
|
HC
\
\
CH
|
CH
/
C
H
10
Hydrogen
Bromide
HBr
H—Br