AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
 Red Flag Questions
Pages 113-115
CHAPTER 4: FEDERALISM
SECTION 3: Federalism Today
By the end of this section, you will be able to answer these questions:
1. What is fiscal federalism?
2. How does the national government use grants and mandates to influence state
policies?
3. What issues most influence American federalism today?
FISCAL FEDERALISM

Ho w did the September 11 terrorist attacks affect American federalism?

fiscal federalism

What was the Land Ordinance Act of 1785?

Morrill Act

grants-in-aid

How does the national government get the money to pay for grants-in-aid?
GRANTS AND MANDATES
Categorical Grants

categorical grants

What does the amount of money released in a categorical grant depend on?
Block Grants

block grants

Why do states prefer block grants rather than categorical grants?
Federal Mandates

federal mandates

What are “unfunded mandates”?

How did federal mandates promote civil rights?

What was The Clean Air Act of 1970 and what were states required to do?
ISSUES IN FEDERALISM TODAY
Poverty

What did Congress’s 1996 welfare acts give states the authority to do?
Homeland Security

What event led to the establishment of the Department of Homeland Security?
Environment

Why are efforts to protect the environment seen as the responsibility of the national
government?
Immigration

In spite of immigration being handled by the national government, what issues do states
face?
Health Care

Why do some believe that health care reform is needed?