Period 3 – PPT. Vocabulary Review
abstract – gives the idea of an object or scene by selecting part of it and then
exaggerating, enlarging, simplifying or fragmenting forms. Images are not an accurate
representation of the subject but simplified to forms and colors.
anamorphic - An image that appears distorted, because it is constructed on an
elongated grid, making it unintelligible until it is viewed from a specific, extremely
angled point of view
cropping – removing unwanted parts of an image
Expressionism – An art movement dominant in Germany from 1905-1925, in which
forms and colors are exaggerated for emotional effect
Imitationalism – A theory of art where the most important thing about a work of art is
the realistic representation of subject matter. A work is considered successful if it looks
like what is seen in the real world.
Impressionism – An art movement and style of painting that started in France during
the 1860s. Impressionist artists tried to paint subjects showing the effects of sunlight on
things at different times of day giving the “impression” of the scene at a particular time.
Installation art - Art that is installed or arranged in a specific place. Installations may
be temporary or permanent, but most will be known in the future through
documentation (usually photography). As a consequence, one aspect of installations is
the difficulty with which they can be sold or collected.
juxtaposition – placing two things close together or side by side, to permit comparison or
contrast.
Pieta – An Italian word meaning pity, compassion, and sorrow, it is usually means a work of art
portraying the Virgin Mary holding and mourning over the dead body of Jesus.
Pop Art - An art movement that had its origins in England in the 1950s and made its way to the
United States during the 1960s. Pop artists focused attention on familiar images in popular
culture such as celebrities, comic strips, magazine ads and supermarket products.
Post Impressionism – Took Impressionist ideas and made images that were more emotional.
They were not concerned with a specific moment in time.
Prairie Architecture - Architecture created primarily in the Midwestern U.S., beginning
around1900, which explored new ways of relating buildings to the land and surroundings, and
used undecorated natural materials.
Sculptor – One who produces three-dimensional works of art. Works may be carved, modeled,
constructed, or cast. Sculptures may be either assemblage or relief and made in a large variety of
media.
Simplicity - the practice of using a limited number of similar elements to have a more uniform
appearance; Using only what is necessary.
Surrealism - A twentieth century art movement where images may be confusing and startling like
those in dreams. Surrealist artworks may describe dreamlike fantasies or connections made by
the unconscious mind.
trompe l’oeil – means “fool the eye”, extremely realistic images that create an optical illusion of
three dimensionality
Artists
Hieronymus Bosch – 15th century painter who was known for depicting moral and religious
themes, especially heaven and hell.
Dale Chihuly – 20th and 21st century American glass blower who works in Seattle and has had
many exhibitions in Columbus. He is known for his giant chandeliers.
Salvador Dali – 20th century Spanish surrealist painter best known for The Persistence of
Memory (melting clocks). His paintings were based on dreams and the subconscious.
Andy Goldsworthy – British artist who creates impermanent compositions with natural materials;
rocks, sticks, leaves and ice. He photographs his work and then leaves it to deteriorate.
Islamic artists – are not permitted to draw people or animals and instead are known for intricate,
geometric tile work
Wassily Kandinsky – Russian born painter who is generally considered to be the inventor of
abstract art. His paintings are based on shape, color and rhythm.
Leonardo da Vinci – Italian Renaissance painter and inventor whose two most well known works
are Mona Lisa and The Last Supper
Michelangelo – Italian Renaissance painter and sculptor most well known for the Sistine Chapel
ceiling, The David statue and various pietas.
Claude Monet – One of the first Impressionist painters best known for painting water lilies and
using his own garden as inspiration.
Georgia O’Keeffe – American painter known for abstracting and enlarging flowers, skulls and
scenes of the southwestern United States.
Claes Oldenburg – Swedish sculptor and pop artist who made giant sculptures of everyday
objects
Vincent Van Gogh – Dutch painter and Post Impressionist who painted Starry Night and cut off
part of his ear.
Andy Warhol – Pop artist who made multiple prints of celebrities and products to comment on
popular culture.
Frank Lloyd Wright – Well-known architect from the first half of the 20th century who promoted
“organic architecture” which related the buildings to the specific site where they were placed.