Sex, STI & Reproduction Study Guide
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Prostate Health Concerns
Function of Major Endocrine Glands and Endocrine System in general
o Pituitary
o Thyroid
o Adrenal
o Hypothalamus
Male & Female Anatomy and basic functions of
Toxic Shock Syndrome
Stages of Birth from Fertilization to Birth
o After birth, Placenta
o Amniotic sac
Postpartum Period
Premature Birth
Functions of
o Hormones
o Chromosomes
o Gene
o Pituitary Gland
Puberty
Fertilization
Abstinence
Testosterone
Estrogen
Menopause
STI FACTS
Contraceptive facts
Sperm & Semen
Miscarriage
Menstrual Cycle
Ovulation Process
Chapter 18: Sex, Reproduction Vocabulary
1. Sperm: the reproductive cell in males.
2. Semen: the mixture of sperm and fluids produced by the glands of the male reproductive system.
3. Testes: the male reproductive glands.
4. Hormone: a chemical substance produced by en endocrine gland.
5. Testosterone: the sex hormone that affects the production of sperm and signals certain physical changes at
puberty.
6. Pituitary Gland: an endocrine gland in the brain that controls many of the body’s functions, including
growth, reproduction, and metabolism.
7. Scrotum: a sac of skin that contains the testes.
8. Puberty: the period of sexual development during which a person becomes sexually mature and physically
able to reproduce.
9. Penis: the external male sexual organ through which sperm leave the body.
10. Circumcision: in some males a surgical process removes the foreskin.
11. Prostate Gland: add a fluid that protects the sperm.
12. Bulbourethal Gland: adds a fluid that protects the sperm from acidic condition in the urethra.
13. Epididymis: when sperm grows and matures it is stored here.
14. Seminal Vesicle: adds a fluid that provides a source of energy for the active sperm.
15. Vas Deferens: sperm travels through here to get to the seminal vesicle.
1. Uterus: the hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ in which a fertilized egg develops and grows.
2. Ovaries: the female reproductive glands.
3. Estrogen: the female sex hormone that signals certain physical changes at puberty and controls the
maturation of eggs.
4. Vagina: the hollow, muscular passage leading from the uterus to the outside of the female body.
5. Pap Smear: a medical procedure in which a sample of cell is taken from the cervix and examined under a
microscope.
6. Ovulation: the process during which one of the ovaries releases a ripened egg.
7. Menstrual Cycle: the process during which an ovary releases a mature egg that travels to the uterus; if the
egg is not fertilized the uterus lining is shed and a new cycle begins.
8. Ova: the reproductive cells in females
9. Menopause: the times of life during which the ovaries slow down their hormone production and no longer
release mature eggs.
10. Mammogram: an x-ray of the breast that may detect breast cancer.
11. Fallopian Tubes: the passageways that carry eggs away from the ovaries.
12. Progesterone: a hormone that signals changes to a woman’s reproductive system during the menstrual cycle
and pregnancy.
13. Toxic Shock Syndrome: Medical condition associated with the use of tampons by bacterial infection.
14. Endometriosis: tissue from the lining of the uterus that grows outside the uterus.
15. Cervix: expands to allow the baby to pass through.
Chapter 22: STI’s
1. Antibiotic: a drug that inhibits or kills bacteria.
2. AIDS: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, an often-fatal disease of the immune system caused by HIV
infection.
3. Chlamydia: a very common sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria.
4. HIV: the human immunodeficiency virus, an incurable sexually transmitted infection that can lead to AIDS.
5. Human Papilloma Virus: a very common viral sexually transmitted infection.
6. Gonorrhea: a bacterial sexually transmitted infection that infests the urinary tract of males and females and
the reproductive organs of females.
7. Infertility: the condition of being unable to reproduce.
8. Opportunistic infection: an infection that attacks a person with a weakened immune system.
9. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: a serous infection of the female reproductive organs that can lead to infertility
or an ectopic pregnancy.
10. Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI): an infection caused by any pathogen that spreads from one person
to another during sexual contact.
11. Syphilis: a serious bacterial sexually transmitted infection that progresses through 3 distinct stages.
12. Trichomoniasis: a sexually transmitted infection caused by a protozoan that infects the urinary tract or
vagina.
13. T Cells: a type of lymphocyte that helps the immune system to destroy pathogens.
14. Urethritis: Inflammation of the lining to the urethra.
15. Vaginitis: a vaginal infection or irritation.
16. Hepatitis: inflammation of the liver.
17. Symptomatic Stage: when an HIV-infected person starts to experience symptoms.