Name: ______________________________________
Date: ____________________
Bacteria & Viruses
Complete the following outline as you read pgs. 48-57 in your “Bacteria” handout.
The Bacterial Cell
Cell Structures
(pg 49)
1. Definition of Bacteria: _______________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
2. A bacterial cell may have a _______________________, which is a
long, whiplike structure that helps it to move.
3. Most bacteria that do not have flagella do not move on their own. These
bacteria are carried from place to place by the ____________________,
_________________ _________________, objects, or other methods.
Cell Shapes
(pg 50)
Obtaining Food and
Energy
(pg 50 and 51)
4. Bacteria have one of three basic shapes: ______________________,
_________________________ or _________________________.
5. Some bacteria are _______________________ and make their own
food.
6. Some bacteria are ____________________________ and cannot make
their own food. These bacteria must consume (eat) other organisms or
the food that other organisms make.
Reproduction
(pg 52)
7. When bacteria have plenty of __________________, the right
_________________________, and other suitable conditions, they
thrive and reproduce frequently.
8. Bacteria reproduce by a process called _____________ _____________,
in which one cell divides to form two identical cells.
9. Sexual reproduction involves two parents combining genetic
material to produce a new organism. During _____________________
one bacterium transfers some of its genetic material into another
bacterium through a thin, threadlike bridge that joins the two cells.
Endospore Formation
(pg 53)
10. When conditions are not good for the growth of bacteria, they can
survive harsh conditions by forming _______________________.
11. The bacteria that causes botulism, ______________ _______________,
produced heat-resistant endospores that can survive in improperly
canned foods.
The Role of Bacteria
in Nature
(pg 54)
12. Most bacteria are either harmless or helpful to people. Some ways
bacteria are helpful include:



Food Production
(pg 55)
13. List 5 foods that bacteria help to produce:





Environmental
Recycling and Cleanup
(pg 56)
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
14. Bacteria that live in soil are ______________________, which are
organisms that break down dead organisms.
15. Scientists use bacteria such as __________________ ______________
to help clean up oil spills. (hint: look at photo captions!)
Health and Medicine
(pg 57)
16. In humans, bacteria can help us to ________________ food.
17. Some bacteria make ________________________ that the human body
needs.
18. Scientists have been able to make __________________ such as
_______________________ which is given to people with diabetes.