Age of ABSOLUTISM
Name: _____________________
NOTEGUIDE: Chapter 5, Sections 3 & 1
“Central European Monarchs Clash” pp. 169-173
“Spain’s Empire….” pp. 155-161
AUSTRIA, PRUSSIA, & SPAIN
*Thirty Years War (1618-1648):
*Peace of Westphalia(1648):
OUTCOMES:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
*Most important result of the THIRTY YEARS WAR: ___________________________________________
AUSTRIA
*The HAPSBURGS governed Austria for over 600 years; they also headed the HOLY ROMAN
EMPIRE until it was dissolved in 1806.
A. Charles VI
*Pragmatic Sanction:
B. Maria Theresa (1740-1780)
1. Vienna
2. Motherhood
3. War of the Austrian Succession
4. The Seven Years War (1756-1763)
PRUSSIA: ruled by the HOHENZOLLERNS, a family of German nobles, for 500 years
*junkers: _____________________________________
*Frederick the Great (Frederick William II) (1740-1786)
QUOTE: “Prussia is not a state which possesses an army, but an army which possesses a state.”
1740 – Invasion of SILESIA which begins The War of the Austria Succession (see Austria notes)
*Seven Years War (1756-1763) - see Austria notes
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
SPAIN (Section 1, pp. 155-161)
1519-1556: Charles V (grandson of Ferdinand & Isabella)
*inherits Spanish throne at the peak of Spain’s brief period of dominance
*not only controls Spain, but also the Netherlands, Sicily, southern Italy, Austria and other lands in
central Europe; in 1520 he became Holy Roman Emperor
*spent much of Spain’s $$ to finance wars to halt Protestant expansion in Europe
*eventually gets tired and goes off to live in a monastery! His empire is divided:
Ferdinand (brother of Charles V): becomes ruler of Austria & the Holy Roman Empire
Philip (son of Charles V): becomes King of Spain, Spanish Netherlands & American colonies
**Philip II (1556-1598)
Spain’s power declined immensely during Philip’s reign: government was inefficient, economy was
stagnant, mighty Spanish Armada (armed fleet) was defeated by England – this signaled the end of Spain’s
dominance and the beginning of England’s rise to power in Europe
**The Reconquista (efforts to remove all non-Christians from Spain) had previously taken place,
which forced many of Spain’s best merchants and contributors to the economy to leave……thus, hurting
Spain’s already ailing economy!