LET 2-3, 2ND QTR QUIZ STUDY GUIDE
What is the Good Samaritan Law?
A law that protects most people from lawsuits if medical complications arise
after they have administered first aid correctly
Which statement is inaccurate about Universal Precautions?
Do not worry about changing gloves between treating victims because speed is
most important.
What are the "ABCs" of evaluating an injury?
"A" is for open the airway; "B" is for assess breathing; "C" is for assess
circulation
After school one day you enter a classroom to get something you left behind and see the
teacher lying on the ground unconscious. What is the first thing you do after calling for help?
Check breathing and heartbeat
Which set of life-saving steps is placed in the correct order of evaluation?
Consciousness, breathing/heartbeat, bleeding, shock, fractures, burns, head
injury
Calling an emergency number for professional medical help is often the most important thing
you can do in an emergency. Which example is something you do not want to do when calling
911?
Hang up after receiving directions to care for your victim.
You are preparing a first aid lesson about evaluating a patient. You can't find your First Aid
Manual, but you remember these steps. Performing the steps in order can mean the difference
between life and death. Arrange the steps in the correct order.
1. Ask "Are you OK?"
2. If the victim is conscious, ask where it hurts
3. Watch for response. If there is no response, check breathing
4. If the victim is awake and choking, begin treatment for clearing the airway
5. Gently shake or tap the victim on the shoulder
1,5,3,2,4
Read the following paragraph and decide which option (A-D) is correct.
The Good Samaritan Law is designed to protect the rescuer and requires people to assist others
in distress. It protects rescuers from lawsuits as long as they act in good faith, without
compensation and administers first aid correctly and without malicious misconduct or gross
negligence.
Change "requires" to "encourage"
A construction worker fell off a ladder onto a pile of tools and equipment. Even though he is
bleeding and probably has some broken bones, he is conscious and calm. When a co-worker
asks, he gives him permission to provide first aid.
What would you recommend the co-worker do next to keep the victim calm and prevent him
from going into shock?
Remain calm, act quickly, and tell the victim that he's going to be OK.
While walking across a playground, you observe a child fall off a slide and hit her head on the
asphalt. When you get to her she is not bleeding, but she seems confused and is staggering as
she walks, so you make her sit down. Just as you get emergency services on your cell phone,
she tells you that she's dizzy and then vomits. Then she starts to fall asleep. You tell the 911
operator your name, location, and everything that happened.
What should you expect the operator to tell you next?
"Try to keep her awake."
What is the first step in administering first aid?
Evaluating the injured
If there is more than one person injured in an accident, you evaluate the injuries and help the
person who is most seriously injured first.
True
What are some of the symptoms of head injuries?
Pupils of different sizes; slurred speech; staggering when walking; convulsing
What is first aid?
Immediate care given to an injured or ill person to keep him or her alive or stop
further damage until qualified medical treatment can be administered
CPR stands for ____________.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
If you started to choke on some food and you were alone, what should you do?
Lean forward over a railing or chair and thrust yourself down until you dislodge
the obstruction
Which statement below is not true about rescue breathing?
Give two quick breaths every five seconds
During a family gathering your uncle starts complaining he feels nauseous and can't seem to
catch his breath. The symptoms he described could be _____.
A heart attack
Read the following paragraph, and decide which option is correct.
Rescuers that perform CPR act as life-support systems for the victim. CPR is a combination of
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and closed chest heart massage. The mouth-to-mouth
resuscitation supplies oxygen to the lungs. The close chest heart massage restarts the heart to
pump blood through the victim's body. These actions keep the heart and brain alive until the
heartbeat is restored and medical help arrives.
Replace "restarts the heart to pump" with "manually pump"
Kelly's grandmother was telling a story about life during World War II. As she listened, Kelly's
grandmother first seemed to get confused, then was unable to speak, and finally was unable to
lift her left arm. Kelly determined that her grandmother was having a stroke, so she called 911.
What should she do next?
Lay her grandmother on one side, cover her with a blanket, monitor the ABC's,
and give CPR as necessary.
Read the following paragraph, and decide which option (A-D) is correct.
The ABCs of life-saving reminds rescuers of the first things to check on an injured person. They
stand for Airway, Bleeding, and Circulation. The Heimlich maneuver clears a choking victim's
airway. Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation helps restore breathing. CPR helps restore circulation
(heartbeat).
For the best and safest results, classes from a qualified instructor are recommended before
performing mouth-to-mouth resuscitation or CPR on an injured person.
Replace "bleeding" with "breathing"
You turned on a medical show on TV, but the show was almost over. A reporter was talking to
an emergency medical service person about the action he took to help a stroke victim. The
EMS person was saying, "I did 30 chest compressions followed by two breaths. After three sets,
I felt a pulse and knew the victim was going to be okay."
What procedure was he describing?
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Another name for mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is ______________.
Rescue Breathing
A _____________ occurs when blood vessels that deliver oxygen-rich blood to the brain
ruptures or when a blood clot forms and blocks the flow of blood in the brain.
Stroke
What is the Heimlich maneuver?
A technique for clearing the clogged air passageway of a choking victim. The
technique uses an upward push to the abdomen to clear the airway and expel
an object stuck in the airway of a choking victim
How can you save yourself if you are alone and are choking on an object lodged in your airway?
Lean forward over a railing, sink, or chair and thrust yourself downward until
you dislodge the obstruction.
What is an AED?
Automated External Defibrillator
Capillary bleeding does not usually need attention because it typically stops by itself.
False
A person is giving aid to a bleeding victim. The arm is still bleeding. What should she do next?
Elevate the arm above the heart level.
What should you not do if direct pressure and bandages don’t stop the bleeding?
Remove the old dressing and replace it with a clean one.
If you were using pressure points to control bleeding what would you do if the victim said they
could no longer feel their injured limb?
Decrease the pressure on the pressure point
Read the following paragraph, and decide which of the options is correct.
When an abdominal wound has exposed internal organs, cover the abdomen loosely with clean
dressings. Do not force the organs back into the body cavity. Do not give victims with
abdominal wounds any food or water.
Do not make any changes. The paragraph is correct.
A car accident victim crawled from her car to the side of the road. When you arrive on the
scene, you see that her foot has been cut off and is bleeding in heavy, bright red spurts causing
a puddle of blood to form.
What will you probably have to do next?
Apply a tourniquet to stop the bleeding.
Heavy or uncontrollable bleeding from blood vessels is called ___________.
A hemorrhage
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to all parts of the body are called _______.
Arteries
Blood vessels that carry blood from all parts of the body to the heart are called ____________.
Veins
Bleeding from the smallest blood vessels is called ____________.
Capillary bleeding
Bleeding that is characterized by a steady flow of dark blood is called ___________ bleeding.
Venous
Bleeding that is characterized by bright red blood that spurts with each heartbeat is
___________ bleeding.
Arterial
In most cases, what is the best way to control bleeding?
Apply direct pressure to the wound.
Tourniquets should only be used under extreme circumstances because they can kill the limb
they are used on.
True
What is the difference between a sprain and a strain?
Sprains happen to tendons or ligaments, and strains happen to muscles
What type of injury is consistent with these symptoms?
- Sharp pain
- Extreme tenderness when the area is touched
- Slight swelling
- Difficulty moving or using the affected part
Strain
RICE Procedures
Rest: The victim stays off or minimizes using the injured part.
Ice: Apply ice for 20-30 minutes every two to three hours during the first 24-48 hours of the
injury
? : Use an elastic bandage on the injured part for the first 18-24 hours to prevent
swelling
Elevation: Elevate the injured part above the heart for the first 24 hours to reduce internal
bleeding and swelling
Compression
A __________ occurs when a joint comes apart and stays apart with the bone ends no longer in
contact.
Dislocation
While playing basketball, a teammate fell and injured his shoulder. You evaluated him, but you
can't tell if it's broken or dislocated, so you immobilize it with a sling. You tell him to seek
further medical attention, but since you aren't sure about the RICE procedures, you have your
friend tell him.
Which one would you tell him was wrong?
Compression - apply pressure to prevent additional swelling and to squeeze
debris out of the wound.
While you and a friend were out hiking, your friend fell down a small but steep embankment.
You can see that her leg is broken because the bone broke through the skin. She is bleeding, but
only slightly. When she looks at her leg, she turns pale and starts breathing rapidly.
What should you do next?
Tell her "It's not too bad. You will be OK."
Read the paragraph below, and decide which option (A-D) is correct.
When splinting a fracture, you should: Treat for shock; gather splinting materials; reposition the
broken limb so that the bone is straight; immobilize the joints above and below the break; tie
splints above and below the fracture with the knots on the outside of the splints; monitor
circulation in the injured limb; and continue to treat for shock.
Replace "Reposition" with "Do not reposition"
Which of the following is a symptom of shock?
Skin is pale or blue and cold to the touch.
Fainting is a mild form of shock.
True
What is an open fracture?
One in which the sharp edges of the bone cut through the skin
Another name for an open fracture is ____________.
A compound fracture
The RICE formula is used to treat bone, joint, and muscle injuries. Explain what RICE stands for.
Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation
How do you make a field-expedient sling?
Pin the victim's shirttail up to support the weight of the arm.
Explain the difference between a simple and a compound fracture.
In a simple fracture, no skin is torn by the bone. In a compound fracture, the
sharp edges on the bone protrude through the skin.