Guide to Gemstones
As many of the gemstones in our jewellery range have fascinating histories and properties, we have created an A-Z
listing for a selection of the ones we feel you may find most interesting.
Agate (Botswana), Agate Moss, Amber, Amazonite, Amethyst, Apatite, Black Onyx, Bloodstone, Blue
Chalcedony, Charoite, Chrysocolla, Citrine, Garnet, Iolite, Jade, Jasper, Labradorite, Lapis Lazuli, Malachite,
Moonstone, Obsidian, Opal, Opalite, Pearl, Peridot, Prehnite, Quartz (clear, rose, rutilated, smokey,
tourmalinated), Rhodochrosite, Rhodonite, Ruby, Rubyziosite, Serpentine, Star Ruby, Sugilite, Tiger’s Eye,
Topaz, Turquoise, Zircon.
To create this listing we have cross-referenced many sources to enable it to be as accurate as possible. However, the
publication to which we refer most and is accepted as the leading authority on Gemstones and their healing properties is
“The Crystal Bible, A Definitive Guide to Crystals” by Judy Hall, ISBN 1-84141-175-0. This book can be viewed at any
of our Jewellery events should you wish to look up a gemstone not listed here or for greater details on any particular
crystal.
Agate, Botswana (Astrological Birthstones:
Gemini, Capricorn)
Botswana Agate (or Eye Agate) is a variety of
Chalcedony and can come in grey, blue, green, pink,
brown and milky white. It is a hard stone only found in
Botswana in Africa and forms from microscopic crystals of
quartz laid down in bands. Agate is created when
circulating ground waters fill a cavity in a host rock or
dissolve pre existing material such as bone or shell, thus
frequently creating concentric bands like the rings of a tree
trunk. All Agates are grounding and soothing stones
bringing about an emotional, physical and intellectual
balance, with the power to harmonize yin and yang, the
positive and negative forces that hold the universe in
place.
Botswana Agate is excellent for anyone connected with
fire or smoke and is believed to be beneficial for those
wanting to quit smoking. This gemstone looks to solutions
rather than dwelling on problems…often encouraging
exploration of unknown territory and your own creativity,
helping you see the bigger picture. It can sometimes look
like the brain with which it resonates. Especially helpful in
assimilating oxygen into the body, benefiting the circulatory
system and the skin. It also aids depression and is ideal
for those who are sensitive, lonely and are easily hurt – it
helps with self-confidence Back to Top
Agate, Moss
(Astrological Birthstones:
Aquarius, Virgo)
Moss Agate is a multi-shade of green that resembles
moss or trees from a distance. It is another member of the
Chalcedony family, where Agate refers only to the
translucence in which the colour is distributed in curved
bands or layers. Agate is one of the first materials known
to man, proving especially popular in the Byzantine Empire
and during the Renaissance, when European royalty
started collecting it avidly.
Moss Agate comes from Australia, India and the USA.
Moss Agate is considered one of the most powerful of the
Agates and it was favoured in history by warriors. It helps
balance emotional energy, allowing release of anger and
bitterness whilst enhancing concentration, persistence,
endurance and success. When worn as jewellery it can
bring the wearer health, friends and good fortune – it’s a
stone of abundance that improves self-esteem. It is
especially useful during times of stress and is helpful in
relieving sensitivities to weather and pollution, can lessen
pain during birthing, speed up recovery and cleanse the
circulatory and elimination systems. It is also believed to
be a powerful aid against depression (allowing insight into
the reasons behind difficult circumstances), effective for
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colds, flu and fevers, can boost the immune system and
also act as an efficient anti-inflammatory. Back to Top
Amazonite
Amazonite varies from bright verdigris green to bluish
green, is mottled, is semi-opaque and sometimes contains
light striations. Amazonite displays a ‘schiller’ of light
which is caused by inclusions. A ‘schiller’ is a lustrous
reflection (sometimes known as iridescence) from planes
in a mineral grain. The iridescence is caused by a feature
of the stone's crystal structure, which in turn causes an
interference effect of light.
Amazonite was used extensively by the Egyptians and is
said to be named after the Amazon women warriors.
However, another legend says its name comes from the
belief that it was found in the Amazon river….. Today,
Amazonite is found in the United States, Brazil, Zimbabwe,
Russia, Australia, Mozambique and Namibia.
Amazonite’s properties include the ancient Egyptians
calling it the stone of courage, and these days it’s believed
to enhance creative expression, improve self worth &
create a unity with life. It’s believed a powerful protector
against the health hazards of microwaves and
electromagnetic smog. It can act as a soothing stone that
is effective on the throat charka whilst enhancing loving
communications and intuition. It can be effective for
osteoporosis, calcium deficiency and balancing the
metabolic deficiencies that cause these problems. It is
called the "hope stone" because it inspires confidence and
hope. Back to Top
Amber (Astrological Birthstone: Taurus)
Amber can range in colour from dark brown through
orange to a light almost clear lemon yellow. It is very soft
so jewellery should be worn with care.
Amber is really a solidified tree resin that became
fossilized, deposits ranging between 360 and one million
years old. However, it is frequently identified amongst
Gemstone categories. As sticky resin oozed from ancient
pine trees, small insects, plant material, feathers and other
small objects in the path of the flow became entrapped.
Over time, the resin was encased in dirt and debris and
through a process of heat and pressure it fossilized to
become amber. Values increase with the rarity and
perfection of the entrapped object.
Amber comes from the Baltic Sea, Britain, Italy, Russia,
Myanmar (SE Asia) and the Dominican Republic.
Amber has strong connections to the earth and is a
grounding stone whilst it is believed to be a strong healer
and cleanser. Its healing properties are believed to help
remove energy blockages, strengthen the physical body,
enhance states of consciousness including finding humour
and joy, bring love, strength, luck and protection, calm
hyperactivity and stressed nerves, yet vitalise the body. It
can treat the stomach, spleen, kidneys, bladder, liver and
gallbladder, alleviate joint problems and strengthen mucus
membranes. Back to Top
Amethyst
(Birthstone: February)
(Astrological Birthstone: Pisces)
Amethyst can differ in colour depending upon the region
in which it has been mined and generally varies from a
pale lilac to violet and deep purple and is available in a
wide variety of faceted and cabochon styles. Its wonderful
variety of colours makes it the most popular of the quartz
family to be used in jewellery production.
It is mined in Brazil, Uruguay, Bolivia, Argentina, Mexico,
the USA, Canada, Russia, Siberia, India, Sri Lanka, East
Africa and Australia.
Amethyst’s healing properties are believed to tune the
endocrine system/metabolism, strengthen the immune
system, cleanse the blood, offer relief of physical,
emotional & psychological pain or stress, aid insomnia and
for blocking geopathic stress. It can ease headaches and
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tension, aid issues with the lungs and respiratory and
digestive tracts, benefit the intestines through regulating
flora. It can balance and connect the physical, mental and
emotional bodies with the spiritual, it can be helpful when
facing death. Amethyst is a powerful and protective stone.
Back to Top
Apatite
Apatite comes in blue, yellow, green, grey, white, purple,
brown, red-brown and violet. Its appearance is opaque,
sometimes transparent and usually glassy.
Apatite comes from Mexico, Norway, Russia and the US.
Apatite’s healing attributes are said to encourage
formation of new cells, heal bones, aid absorption of
calcium for cartilage, bones, teeth and motor skills, and
improve arthritis and joint problems. It can raise the
metabolic rate yet help suppress hunger. It can aid glands,
meridians and organs, balance the physical, emotional,
mental and spiritual charkas by eliminating over activity
and stimulating under activity.
It can help with
hypertension and autism and is also effective for
increasing energy reserves and motivation. Apatite aids
development of spiritual attunement, deepens meditation,
aids communication and self-expression, helps induce
openness and social ease by dissolving aloofness and
alienation. It can ease sorrow, apathy and anger, reduce
irritability and help overcome emotional exhaustion. Blue
Apatite connects to a very high level of spiritual guidance.
Yellow Apatite is a great eliminator, especially of toxins. It
can treat Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, lethargy and
depression, help the liver, pancreas, gallbladder and
spleen, and can neutralize anger. Back to Top
Atlantisite
Atlantisite is the combination of green Serpentine stone
(see later section) with the purple of Stichtite. Stichtite is a
magnesium chromate associated with Serpentine as the
‘host rock’.
Atlantisite is a relatively new mineral from Tasmania and
only occurs in a small hilltop site called ‘Stichtite Hill’.
Atlantisite is believed to have properties that stimulate
spiritual development, lower stress levels, encourage
thinking before speaking, promote successful business
thinking and aid insight into past lives. Stichtite has a link
to kundalini (through the heart chakra) and Serpentine to
calming the lower chakra centres, the combination allowing
the transition from the power of the lower charkas through
to the more graceful flow of the higher chakras. It’s also
believed to calm stomach acids and be an effective aid to
dealing with anger and resentment. Stichtite can bring
peace to the environment whilst promoting positive
thinking, flexibility and openness, as well as providing
‘companionship’ to those who are alone. Additionally it can
stimulate positive behaviour modification in children. Back
to Top
Black Onyx (Astrological Birthstone: Leo)
Onyx is one of the Chalcedony family. It occurs in bands
of different colours so as well as black, Onyx is found in
brown, grey and white. Onyx is composed of relatively
straight, parallel layers of different colours. When the dark
layers are brown or brownish red, it is often called
sardonyx. Onyx is usually cut into cabochon (highly
polished, convex-cut gems for jewellery), or beads.
It is available in regions of the USA, Germany, Italy, Brazil,
Mexico, India, Russia and South Africa.
The healing properties of Onyx (all colours) are believed to
be beneficial for teeth, bones, bone marrow, blood
disorders and issues with the feet, it is strength and
stamina-giving
and
supportive
during
difficult
circumstances, can help to positively view future steps,
and imparts self-confidence. It can help anchor the flighty,
can alleviate overwhelming fears and worries, and can
balance the yin/yang energies within the body.
Back to
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Top
Bloodstone (Heliotrope)
(Astrological Birthstones: Pisces, Aries)
Bloodstone (also named Heliotrope by the ancient
Greeks) is green quartz flecked with red or yellow jasper
giving it its distinctive red (and yellow) spots. It is another
member of the Chalcedony family (similar to Agate,
Jasper, Tiger’s Eye, Onyx, Chrysocola etc,.) that consist of
microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline quartz which cannot be
seen through high magnification.
Bloodstone can be found in Australia, Brazil, China, Czech
Republic, Russia and India
Bloodstone and its fellow Chalcedony family are treated
as sacred stones by Native American Indians, and are
believed useful for boosting the immune system, calming
the body, bringing about change and for aiding selfprotection.
It is helpful for blood circulation issues,
detoxifies the liver, intestines, kidneys, spleen and bladder,
helps remove energy blocks and for aligning the body
centres. It can dispel confusion and enhance decisionmaking. Historically it’s been used to stop bleeding,
especially nosebleeds and was regularly used as an
amulet to protect against the ‘evil eye’. Bloodstone is the
symbol of justice and is a powerful healer, especially when
the body and mind are exhausted. It’s believed helpful in
cases of leukaemia as it supports the blood and removes
toxins – the ancient Egyptians used it to shrink tumours.
Back to Top
Blue Chalcedony
Blue chalcedony is a translucent to transparent milky blue
or greyish quartz. It is a finely crystallised or fibrous quartz
that forms rounded crusts or stalactites in volcanic and
sedimentary rocks. Chalcedony, agates, jaspers,
bloodstone, carnelian, and onyx all make up the
Chalcedony gemstone family.
Being relatively
inexpensive, chalcedony is the best available and most
collected gemstone.
Chalcedony is found in many parts of the world, but the
most valued pieces are from India, Madagascar, Burma,
Brazil, Mexico & the USA.
Chalcedony’s healing powers are believed to be as a
powerful cleanser, for improving mineral assimilation, to
help the gallbladder, bones, spleen, blood and circulatory
system, to lessen the effects of dementia and senility, to
increase physical energy whilst balancing the body,
emotions, mind and spirit, to banish fear and depression,
and to reduce fevers. In addition to the above, Blue
Chalcedony’s properties can aid acceptance of new
situations, encourage mental and verbal flexibility and
dexterity whilst enhancing listening skills, and be useful for
illnesses connected to changes in the weather. It can also
aid regeneration of mucus membranes, aid lung problems,
enhance the immune system, stimulate the flow of lymph,
act as an anti-inflammatory and can help with reducing
blood pressure. Back to Top
Charoite
Charoite is a rare mineral that can range from bright
lavender, violet and lilac to dark purple, with swirling
patterns of black Augite, transparent crystals of microcline
feldspar, and/or orange Tinaksite. Charoite looks so
unusual with its chatoyancy and strange spiral patterns
that it can be mistaken for a synthetic! (Chatoyancy is a
changeable silky lustre as light is reflected within the thin
parallel fibrous bands. This effect is due to the fibrous
structure of the material.)
Discovered in Russia in 1978 in the Murun mountains in
Yakutia, its name is derived from the Charo River which is
near where it was found. This is the only known location
for this rare mineral.
Charoite’s healing properties are said to enhance selfesteem, accelerate spiritual growth, and improve the ability
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to love; it’s a stone of transformation, stimulating inner
vision. It can transmute negative energy into healing,
reenergize an exhausted body, can aid liver damage due
to alcohol, is useful for issues of the eyes, heart, liver and
pancreas as well as for cramps, aches and pains. It can
aid insomnia, encourage powerful dreams and help
children sleep calmly. It can help autism and bipolar
disorders. Back to Top
Chrysocolla
Chrysocolla is often confused with turquoise with colours
being variegated blue and green when a mixture of
chrysocolla and other copper minerals are combined. It is
a copper-bearing mineral found wherever copper deposits
occur. Pure Chrysocolla is very soft but when found in
quartz deposits, it’s then hard enough to polish for
cabochons & jewellery and is frequently found mixed with
malachite, turquoise and azurite.
Chrysocolla comes from areas of the south-western USA,
Chile, Zaire, Australia, France, England and in the Red
Sea.
Chrysocolla’s healing properties are believed to aid
creativity, female energy (including helping with PMS,
menstrual cramps, hot flushes), communication, relieving
ulcers and arthritis, aiding bone disease, muscle spasms,
blood disorders, itching, strengthens the thyroid, and
detoxifies the liver, kidneys and intestines. It’s also
associated with tranquillity and peace (offering gentle,
soothing qualities), intuition, patience, and unconditional
love. Back to Top
Citrine (Birthstone: November)
(Astrological B/stone: Gemini)
Citrine ranges from pale yellow, yellow, yellow-brown to
smokey grey-brown and is a variety of crystalline quartz
resembling topaz. It is considered an alternative to topaz
but is a separate mineral altogether. Being one of the
most affordable gemstones, Citrine is durable, slightly
softer and has less brilliance than precious topaz. Citrine
derives its name from the French word citron meaning
lemon. The different shades range from yellow, gold,
orange and brown.
Most Citrine is mined in Brazil; other sources include
Russia, France, Madagascar, UK, and USA.
Citrine is believed to be powerful for energizing and
recharging, to reverse degenerative disease and to be
highly beneficial for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Other
properties can stimulate the spleen, pancreas, kidneys and
digestion, help eye problems, increase blood circulation
and cleansing, activate the thymus and balance the
thyroid. It promotes creativity, helps personal clarity, and
as an ‘eliminator’ can relieve constipation and selfdestructive tendencies. It raises self-esteem and being a
stone of abundance it can help attract wealth and good
things as well as help you share . Back to Top
Garnet (Birthstone: January)
(Astrological Birthstone: Aquarius)
Garnet is an aluminium or calcium silicate mineral found
embedded within igneous and metamorphic rocks. The
colour of Garnet ranges from shades of red, pink, purple,
orange, yellow, violet, green, colourless and occasionally
black. Garnet derives its name from ancient Greeks, as its
colour reminded them of the pomegranate seed or
granatum. It is a renowned ancient gem, treasured for
thousands of years.
It is found worldwide but especially in Kenya, Sri Lanka,
Thailand, Brazil, India, Madagascar, Canada, Czech
Republic, Spain and the USA.
Garnet’s healing properties are said to relieve
inflammation of the skin, to stimulate the bloodstream and
help to combat depression and lethargy. It symbolizes fire,
faith, courage, truth, grace, compassion, constancy and
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fidelity.
It can regenerate the body, stimulate the
metabolism, aid spinal and cellular disorders, reenergize
the blood, heart, lungs and DNA as well as helping
assimilation of vitamins and minerals.
Back to Top
Iolite
Iolite comes in grey, violet, blue and yellow and is a
silicate mineral that occurs as crystals or grains in igneous
rocks, as a result of the contamination of volcanic magma
by aluminous sediment. Iolite has different colours running
in different directions within the crystal, which helps us to
understand how the gemstone changes colours depending
upon which angle it is viewed. The name iolite comes from
the Greek ios, which means violet.
It is found in the USA, Sri Lanka, Burma, India,
Madagascar and Brazil.
Iolite’s properties are believed to create a strong
constitution, to mitigate the effects of alcohol, support
detoxification/regeneration of the liver, aid the pituitary,
sinuses and respiratory system, and alleviate migraines. It
facilitates visualisation and intuitive insight, can help
recovery from addiction and clear old thoughts. Can be
useful for treating malaria and fevers and killing bacteria.
Back to Top
Jade, Green (Astrological Birthstone: Virgo)
Jade’s green colour is an important factor with
translucency and texture determining its price.
The
emerald green colour (known as imperial jade) is the most
valuable, but the colour range of Jade can vary from light
to dark green, leek green, cream, orange, blue, lavender,
mottled green, red and also white. Occasionally Jade
comes in yellow, pink, purple, and black.
Jade is found in Myanmar (SE Asia), the USA, Russia,
China, Italy, Middle East, Mexico, and Central and South
America.
Jade’s healing properties are thought to protect the
thyroid, thymus, larynx, spleen, kidneys, liver and heart as
well as some ancient peoples believing that wearing jade
would increase body strength and add longevity. Jade is
an ancient symbol of love and virtue. It can help the supraadrenal glands, remove toxins, rebind cellular and skeletal
systems including the hips, and help to heal stitches. It
can also be useful for fertility and childbirth, for balancing
body fluids and water-salt/acid-alkaline ratios. In addition
to the above, Green Jade is good for calming the nervous
system, for harmonising dysfunctional relationships and
channelling passion in constructive ways. Back to Top
Jasper (Astrological Birthstone: Virgo)
Jasper is an opaque and fine-grained variety of
Chalcedony coming in red, brown, pink, yellow, green,
grey/white and shades of blue and purple. It often contains
organic material and mineral oxides that give it interesting
bands, colours and patterns which frequently resemble
landscapes with mountains and valleys. Leopard Skin
Jasper is named because of its similarity to the animal
skin. Jasper was a favourite gem in ancient times – it’s
mentioned in the Bible, and in Greek, Hebrew, Assyrian
and Latin literature.
Jaspers are found worldwide,
Jasper is believed to be able to align all the chakras and
balance yin yang energies (mental, physical, emotional)
acting as a stabiliser and healer. It’s known as the
‘supreme nurturer’ – a strong securing and stability stone.
It sustains and supports during stressful times and brings
tranquillity and wholeness. It grounds energies and the
body, and absorbs negative energy thus clearing
electromagnetic and environmental pollution including
radiation.
It supports during prolonged illness or
hospitalisation and reenergizes the body. It can bring
courage and support during necessary conflict whilst
promoting honesty with yourself. Jasper supports the
circulatory, digestive and sexual organs; it balances
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mineral content in the body.
In addition to these
properties, Leopard Skin Jasper is connected to ‘spiritual
discovery, helping you learn the lessons of your life and to
facilitate self-healing. Red Jasper is believed to protect
against hazards and fears of the night. All Jaspers make
wonderful additions to your home to help balance all that is
around it. Back to Top
Labradorite (Astrological Birthstone: Sagittarius,
Capricorn)
Labradorite is one of a series in the family of plagioclase
feldspars (complex silicates with varying amounts of
sodium and calcium). This family also includes the
moonstone and sunstone.
The mineral property
'labradorescence' gets its name from this mineral and
refers to the luminous blue, green, gold and red sheen
given off when turned under light.
Labradorite is found in Finland, Madagascar, Italy,
Canada, Oregon and Greenland.
Labradorite offers protection and clarity, deflecting
unwanted energies and preventing energy leakage. Its
healing properties are said to create a barrier to negative
energies shed during therapy and to banishing fears and
insecurities. It can aid issues related to eyesight, stress
and mental agitation, help the metabolism, it can facilitate
sleep, ease communication when relating to others, and
help identify a person’s strengths.
Relief is often
experienced from colds, gout, rheumatism, hormone
imbalance, menstrual tension and in lowering blood
pressure. Back to Top
Lapis Lazuli
(Birthstone: December)
(Astrological Birthstone: Libra)
Lapis Lazuli is an opaque to translucent blue, violet-blue
or greenish-blue gemstone composed mainly of lazurite,
calcite, pyrite and sodalite. The rich blue colour is due to
the sulphur inherent within the structure of lazurite.
Lapis Lazuli is extracted from the Russia, Chile, Italy, the
USA, Egypt, the Middle East and Afghanistan.
Lapis Lazuli’s healing properties are said to strengthen
total awareness, creativity and ESP, cleanse the mental
body whilst releasing old karmic patterns, to alleviate pain
(especially migraines), benefit the respiratory and nervous
systems including the throat, larynx and thyroid, cleanse
organs, bone marrow, the thymus and the immune system.
It can help with hearing loss, alleviate insomnia and vertigo
and lower blood pressure. It is a protective stone that
blocks psychic attack, releases stress, and can bring deep
peace and serenity.
Back to Top
Malachite
Malachite’s appearance is of concentric light and dark
green bands and rosettes. Many of these gemstones
contain special combinations with other minerals such as
Azurite, Cuprite and Chrysocolla.
Malachite is found in Africa, Russia, the Middle East,
Germany, France, Chile, Australia and the USA.
Malachite is an extremely powerful stone; it’s considered a
stone of transformation and to ease major life changes
(especially for women). It also grounds and protects,
promoting inner peace and hope. It is believed to absorb
negative energies and pollutants including soaking up
plutonium and electromagnetism, and guards against
radiation of all kinds (useful in the homes of anyone who
lives near a nuclear or natural radiation source). It can
assist in helping you receive insights and for activating
visualisation and psychic vision (it mercilessly shows what
is blocking your spiritual growth). It breaks unwanted ties
and outworn patterns and is believed to alleviate mental
disturbances, benefit shyness and help with dyslexia by
strengthening the ability to absorb and process
information. Malachite resonates with the female sexual
organs and is useful for cramps, period pains and during
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childbirth. Also, it can lower blood pressure, benefit
asthma, arthritis, epilepsy, swollen joints and fractures,
tumours, the pancreas, spleen and parathyroid. This multipurpose powerful stone can also stimulate the liver to
release toxins. Back to Top
Moonstone, Rainbow (Birthstone: June)
(Astrological Birthstone: Cancer)
A significant portion of the Earth's crust is composed of
minerals from the feldspar group such as Moonstone,
amazonite, oligoslase and labradorite. Moonstone colours
are white, cream, yellow, blue and green, with Rainbow
being very popular. In India, Moonstone is considered to
be a sacred stone because of its floating light effect and
sheen called adularescence, similar to the light of the
moon. It is usually set as a cabochon and rarely faceted.
Moonstone specimens commonly exhibit changeable lustre
and sometimes display a strong cat's eye.. The Rainbow
Moonstone often produces a full spectrum of colours
when turned under a light, hence its name.
Moonstone is found in India, Sri Lanka, Australia, Brazil,
Germany, and Mexico.
Moonstone is a stone of ‘new beginnings’ and is strongly
connected to the moon.
It’s healing properties are
believed to help with digestive & reproductive system
issues including eliminating toxins and fluid retention, to
alleviate degenerative conditions of skin, hair, eyes, liver
and the pancreas, to aid during PMS, conception,
pregnancy, childbirth and breast-feeding. It is said to
enhance psychic abilities, to promote intuition and empathy
and to soothe stress, . It is effective for calming the
emotions and can balance male-female energies. Back to
Top
Obsidian (Astrological Birthstone: Scorpio)
Obsidian is a silica rich volcanic rock with its main
component being natural glass. It forms when volcanic
lava cools too quickly for crystallisation to occur. It is
usually black, but brown, grey and more rarely red, blue
and green material is sometimes encountered. The colour
may be uniform, striped or spotted, sometimes with a
metallic sheen, and if it has internal bubbles or crystals, it
produces the ‘snowflake’ effect.
Obsidian comes from any volcanic region but principal
areas are South America, Mexico, Japan, Afghanistan and
parts of the USA.
Obsidian is a fast worker and is believed to have great
power – it is merciless in exposing flaws, weaknesses and
blockages…nothing is hidden from Obsidian. Its key
healing areas are believed to be for the stomach and
intestines and it can provide insight into dis-ease. It can
provide deep soul healing and is helpful for highly sensitive
people. Large pieces may be extremely effective at
blocking geopathic stress or for soaking up environmental
pollution. Obsidian detoxifies the body and can benefit
hardened arteries, whilst reducing painful arthritis, cramps
and injuries, and even shrink enlarged prostrate glands.
Mahogany Obsidian is a gentle protector that will ground
its owner in times of need, remove energy blockages and
rejuvenate your outlook and goals; it can relieve pain and
improve circulation. It can facilitate change more gently
than Black Obsidian. Back to Top
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www.fullcirclefund.org.uk
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Opal (Astrological Birthstone: Libra)
Opal can be 50-60 million years old, dating back to when
dinosaurs roamed. It forms as silica from decomposing
rocks mixed with ground water which formed a silica gel
that collected and hardened in underground cavities.
Precious Opal has silica particles packed in regular rows
and layers, which when the stone is moved, causes light to
diffract (or split) as it grazes the Opal surface. This light
diffusion shows iridescent flashes of green, blue, aqua and
sometimes yellowish or red colours that are referred to a
‘fire’. Light Opal can be a crystal type opal (translucent) or
the milky (opaque) type – brilliance and lustre are what
drives an Opal’s value. Australian Opals are not porous
and will not absorb moisture thus making them more
hardwearing than other specimens.
Opals are found in Australia, South America, USA, Mexico,
Canada, Britain, Honduras and Slovakia.
Opal’s properties include aiding inner beauty and the ‘will
to live’, eyesight, and can help to recall past lives. It has a
fine vibration and can intensify emotional states and
release inhibitions whilst teaching you how to take
responsibility for how you feel. It can be beneficial to treat
infections and fevers and to strengthen memory, to purify
the blood and kidneys, to regulate insulin and ease
childbirth and PMS (use the darker colours for this). Opal
encourages loyalty, faithfulness and spontaneity. Back to
Top
Opalite, ‘Tiffany Stone’
Opalite is a rare stone in varying shades of purple,
lavender and creamy white, sometimes with patches or
swirls of mauve, pink, yellowish-brown and black (if it’s a
solid pink it’s a synthetic version). As it is a mineralized
nodule only found within Beryllium Ore (Bertrandite) rather
than its own entity, it is usually called ‘Tiffany Stone’ or
possibly Opalite, Ice-Cream Opal, Opalized Fluorite
(fluorite impregnated and coated with opal), or Opal
Fluorite. Tiffany Stone has been formed from water
circulating underground, eventually penetrating nearby
volcanic tuff layers and precipitating out as fluorite-rich
siliceous nodules.
It is composed predominantly of
opalized fluorite (blues, purples and whites), often with
many other minerals such as quartz, chalcedony, dolomite,
rhodonite, manganese oxides (blacks), bertrandite, beryl,
solid white or translucent-yellowish opal, and other
surprises. When it is mined, one never knows which
mineral will form its majority!
Tiffany Stone is only found in one mine in Utah, USA, thus
its rarity and price. As Beryllium is scarce and highly
desirable for high tech applications, very few ‘gemstones’
escape the ore crusher!
Tiffany Stone is believed to be a highly energetic yet
subtle stone.
It is said to help with all levels of
communication including verbalising hidden feelings, to aid
removal of meridian and charka energy blockages, to ease
the emotions during transitional changes, and to engender
persistence and emotional strength. It can boost the libido
and is an all-around healing stone. Back to Top
Pearl (Birthstone: June)
(Astrological Birthstone: Gemini; Cancer)
Pearls are classed as Organic Gems. Pearls vary in
colour from cream, pink, silver-grey, blue, yellow, lavender
green and occasionally black. A pearl is formed when an
irritant such as a tiny stone or bit of sand gets inside the
oyster/mollusc's shell. A lustrous substance, called nacre,
is secreted around the object to protect the soft internal
surface of the mollusc. Over 7-8 years of treatment, the
layers increase which creates the characteristic iridescent
lustre when exposed to light. There are many types of
pearls:
natural pearls (made without human interference),
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cultured pearls (made when a foreign substance is
intentionally inserted into a living oyster (most of today’s
pearls
are
created
this
way),
baroque
pearls
(irregular
shapes),
Biwa pearls (an irregular shaped pearl which forms in the
freshwater
of
Lake
Biwa,
Japan),
freshwater pearls (pearls which form in fresh water
molluscs and resemble puffed rice),
blister pearls (pearls which grow attached to the inside of
the
shell),
Mabe
pearls
(cultivated
blister
pearls),
seed pearls (small, tiny pearls used in Victorian jewellery
and sewn on clothing).
Natural pearls have been harvested from the Persian Gulf,
the Gulf of Manaar (Indian Ocean), and the Red Sea for
thousands of years. The coasts of Polynesia and Australia
produce mainly cultured pearls. Both freshwater and
saltwater pearls are cultivated in Japan and China.
Freshwater pearls occur in the rivers of Scotland, Ireland,
France, Austria, Germany, and the USA (Mississippi)
Pearls are believed to offer the power of love, luck,
protection and money as well as offering wisdom through
experience, to quicken the laws of karma, to keep children
safe, to cement engagements and love relationships, and
to offer emotional support. Back to Top
Peridot (Birthstone: August)
(Astrological Birthstone: Libra)
Peridot is a volcanic gemstone and is a yellow-green
variety of olivine. It is composed of silica, magnesia and
iron. The gemstone is formed of olivine, a silicate found in
igneous rocks and a major constituent of the Earth's upper
mantle. Peridot derives its name from the French word
peritot meaning 'unclear'. It is also believed to take its
name from the Arabic word faridat meaning 'gem'. Small
crystallites of Peridot are often found in the basalt rocks
created by volcanoes but have also been found in ironnickel meteorites called pallasites.
Peridot is found in the USA, Myanmar, Egypt, China, Sri
Lanka, Brazil, Pakistan and the Canary Islands.
Peridot is a ‘protector’ stone and its healing properties are
said to heal and regenerate tissues, to strengthen the
metabolism, to benefit the skin and eyes. It aids the heart,
thymus, lungs, gallbladder, spleen, intestinal tract and
ulcers, it is a powerful cleanser, releasing and neutralizing
toxins on all levels.
It can calm anger, jealousy,
resentment and spite, soothe nerves and relieve stress,
dispel negative emotions and promote self-forgiveness.
Back to Top
Prehnite (Astrological Birthstone: Libra)
Prehnite is usually an oily green colour, but it may also be
pale yellow, grey, white, colourless or brown. It has a
colourless streak, is transparent to translucent and has a
vitreous to pearly lustre. Frequently it forms as collections
of barrel shaped crystals.
Prehnite is found in South Africa.
Prehnite is known for its accurate predictive capabilities,
especially those for personal spiritual growth or for
diagnosis. Other properties can help issues with kidneys,
bladder, the thymus gland, shoulders, chest and lungs,
gout, blood disorders, stabilizing malignancy and repairing
connective tissues. It facilitates dreaming, remembering
and deep meditation, enhances visualisations, aligns us in
harmony with nature and our surroundings, alleviates
nightmares and deep fears, helps hyperactive children.
Back to Top
Quartz, Clear
Quartz comes in many varieties and colours including
pink, lemon, rutilated, tourminaliated, smokey, blue and
clear. Quartz is a transparent to translucent mineral, it has
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a glassy lustre on fresh surfaces and is popular as
polished and faceted crystals. The name quartz comes
from the Saxon word querklufterz which meant cross vein
ore. Quartz is the most common mineral on Earth, making
up about 12% of the earth's crust. It is found in nearly
every geological environment and is a component of
almost every rock type. Despite its lack of rarity, its
properties are renowned and diverse. In addition to the
generic attributes, certain types and colours of Quartz have
additional properties so please see separate sections.
Quartz is found worldwide, although for specific crystals,
see other sections below.
Clear Quartz is the most powerful healing and energy
amplifier on the planet because of its unique helical spiral
crystalline form. It can be used to aid any condition, and
it’s a powerful dispeller of negativity in your own energy
field and environs. Quartz will raise spiritual energy to the
highest possible level yet it’s an energy saver too – attach
it to a fuel line and fuel consumption reduces! It stimulates
the immune system, rebalances the body, receives,
activates, contains, amplifies and transmits energy,
soothes burns, helps with meditation and connections with
the higher self, and harmonises all the charkas. When
acupuncture needles are coated in Quartz, the effects
increase by 10%! Kirlian photography demonstrated when
a Quartz is held in your hand, it doubles your biomagnetic
field, protects against radiation, dispels static electricity
and generates electromagnetism.
Back to Top
Quartz, Rose (Astrological Birthstone: Taurus)
Rose Quartz is part of the Quartz family (see above
section for general information). Its pink colour varies in
intensity and is usually translucent, sometimes transparent,
and for jewellery purposes is frequently tumbled and
faceted.
Rose Quartz is mined in South Africa, USA, Brazil, Japan,
India and Madagascar.
The healing properties of Rose Quartz can aid calming in
a trauma or crisis, dissipate negative energy and stored
anger, resentment, guilt, fear, jealousy, broken hearts and
grief, strengthen the physical heart and circulatory systems
whilst releasing impurities from body fluids. It can heal
issues with kidneys, adrenals, chest and lungs, and can
allow acceptance of necessary change. It’s useful during
mid-life crisis and is an effective healer of emotions whilst
encouraging self-forgiveness and acceptance. It can help
purify the heart and promote deep inner healing as well as
bringing self-love and romantic love to you. Back to Top
Quartz, Rutilated (Astrological Birthstone: Virgo)
Rutilated Quartz is part of the Quartz family (see above
section for general information). It is sometimes called
‘Angel Hair’. Rutile is a major ore of titanium, which is a
metal used for high tech alloys. It often forms needle-like
crystal inclusions inside quartz. This form of quartz is
known as Rutilated Quartz and it looks like small bars of
imbedded gold.
It is found worldwide including Australia, Brazil, the USA,
Kazakhstan, Madagascar, Norway, and Pakistan.
Rutilated Quartz is said to intensify the metaphysical
properties of its host crystal and to enhance a person’s
understanding of difficult situations, whilst improving
creativity, relieving depression and loneliness. It can slow
the aging process. It is a strong healer bringing forth each
person's strengths, it encourages originality, and it’s often
described as an ‘illuminator’ for the soul promoting spiritual
growth. It has a vitality that can aid chronic conditions, is
effective for exhaustion and energy depletion, helps
respiratory tract and bronchitis issues, stimulates and
balances the thyroid as well as helping to regenerate cells
and repair torn tissues. Back to Top
Quartz , Smokey
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Smokey Quartz is part of the Quartz family (see Quartz
section above for general information). Smokey Quartz
has a sophisticated brownish to blackish hue, sometimes
with yellow tinges. It appears translucent and for jewellery
purposes it is usually faceted or tumbled.
Smokey Quartz is available worldwide.
Smokey Quartz is believed to have effective healing
properties against geopathic stress and for absorbing
electromagnetic
smog,
assisting elimination and
detoxification on all levels. It can neutralise fear, lift
depression (including suicidal tendencies) and encourage
emotional calmness and positive, pragmatic thoughts. It
can help ailments of the abdomen, hips and legs, can
relieve pain (including headaches), boost the reproductive
system, dissolve cramps and aid take-up of minerals whilst
regulating liquids within the body. It is highly effective as a
grounding/anchoring stone whilst raising vibrations during
meditation, and offers a powerful antidote to stress. Back
to Top
Quartz, Tourmalinated
Tourmalinated Quartz is a member of the Quartz family
(see the Quartz section above) but this stone combines
clear Quartz with thin strands of usually black or dark blue
Tourmaline running through it.
Tourmaline is easily found but especially in Sri Lanka,
Brazil, Africa, USA, Western Australia, Afghanistan and
Italy.
The healing properties of Tourmalinated Quartz are said
to be extremely effective for opening the healing energy (if
it’s been ‘buttoned down’ from stress/trauma), for
realignment and reenergizing the meridians and organs
whilst cleansing and protecting. It’s a good grounding
stone. It can dissolve destructive patterns & negative
behaviour replacing them with self-confidence. Black
Tourmaline protects again electromagnetic smog (cell
phones, radiation), strengthens the immune system, and
aids arthritis and pain relief. Back to Top
Rhodochrosite
The pink colour of Rhodochrosite is caused by the
element manganese which is formed when manganese is
dissolved by ground water and combines with a carbonate
material and then drips off the ceiling of caves and
crevices
deep
underground.
Sometimes
a
semitransparent, 6-faced prism crystal, but more often
seen as opaque rounded masses, sometimes with
irregular, contorted veining. Usually a definite pink, it can
be faded pink or slightly orange. The stones are in
demand by collectors.
It is found in the US, South Africa, Argentina, Peru,
Uruguay and in Russia.
Rhodochrosite’s healing properties are believed to
include drawing love to the wearer, helping release past
psychological issues and creating a dynamic & positive
attitude. It helps recovery from sexual abuse, imparts a
dynamic and positive attitude, and aids those who feel
unloved. Because it’s an irritant filter, it can relieve asthma
& respiratory issues and purify the circulatory system
(including kidneys).
It can improve poor eyesight,
normalize blood pressure and stabilize the heartbeat, aid
migraines through blood vessel dilation, and invigorate the
sexual organs. Back to Top
Rhodonite
Rhodonite has a distinctive pink colour but it may also
occur as a brownish-red, and where it contains black veins
(of manganese-rich alteration products) and sometimes
with a streak of white, this combination is deemed
especially desirable. Rhodonite is the ‘complementary
sister’ to Rhodochrosite.
Rhondonite is found in Spain, Russia, Sweden, Germany,
Mexico and Brazil.
Rhodonite is an emotional balancer and grounding stone
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that nurtures love and togetherness. Its healing properties
are believed to heal wounds (including relieving insect
bites) and reduce scarring. It can calm the mind and ease
stress by improving self-confidence, encouraging
forgiveness and clearing emotional wounds. It can activate
the pineal gland and bring intuitive guidance. It’s also
helpful for emphysema, inflammation of the joints, arthritis,
promoting bone growth, aiding autoimmune diseases,
stomach ulcers, and helping hearing. This stone can
balance yin-yang, repair emotional shock and panic, aid
reconciliation after long-term pain/abuse. It alleviates
confusion and helps achieve one’s highest potential. Back
to Top
Ruby (Birthstone: July)
(Astrological Birthstone: Capricorn)
Ruby is a bright red colour, transparent when polished and
opaque when not, frequently faceted. Quality polished
Ruby is not easy to find, hence it can be deemed
expensive.
Ruby is found in India, Madagascar, Russia, Sri Lanka,
Cambodia, Kenya and Mexico.
Ruby’s healing properties are said to detoxify the body,
blood and lymph, and for aiding treatment of fevers and
infectious disease. It helps restricted blood flow, heart and
circulatory system issues, whilst it stimulates adrenals,
kidneys, reproductive organs and the spleen. Ruby is very
effective at boosting energy but for delicate or irritable
people, it can sometimes over-stimulate! However, it’s
effective at calming hyperactivity. It’s believed to balance
the heart charka and to offer protection from psychic
attack, it can promote good dreams and visualisations and
stimulate the pineal gland. It aids clearing of negative
energy and thoughts and encourages a positive, sharp and
courageous state of mind. Back to Top
Rubyziosite
Ruby-in-Ziosite has been known for nearly 200 years as
an ornamental stone. The medium grade red ruby material
is usually spread irregularly throughout the green zoisite.
The stone consists of crystalline aggregates of green
zoisite (soft stone) with non-transparent ruby (hard stone)
inclusions – there’s no other stone like it in the mineral
world. Due to the differing hardness of the two materials,
it’s quite hard to cut so diamond tools are usually used.
Rubyziosite is found in Tanzania.
Rubyziosite’s properties include those for Ruby (see
above) but also include aiding spiritual learning and pastlife work, promoting individuality whilst retaining
interconnectedness, and powerfully amplifying the
biomagnetic field around the body. Back to Top
Serpentine
Serpentine gets it name from the word ‘serpent’ because it
resembles the skin of a snake…and its huge variety of
colours include green, red, brown-red, brown-yellow and
white. Its colour variations are a result of varied mineral
infusions. Atlantisite gemstone (see above) with its purple
inclusions, is a combination of Stichtite within green
Serpentine.
Serpentine is found in New Zealand, China, South Africa,
Italy, Cornwall, Norway, Russia, Zimbabwe, Italy and the
USA.
Serpentine is an earthing stone that aids meditation. It is
believed to clear blocked areas, raise kundalini energy
flow, overcome fears (especially of letting go) and bring
chakras into balance, especially the crown and heart. It
can bring good luck, inner peace, a balance to mood
swings, and help people achieve their dreams. It can
prove useful in encouraging an ability to solve conflicts by
peaceful means whilst promoting compassion and
forgiveness for yourself and what you went through. It is
believed to focus healing energy to problem areas and
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Tel: 0208 725 5503.
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offer pain relief, especially menstrual and muscular aches
and pains. It can eliminate parasites, aid calcium and
magnesium absorption as well as hypoglycaemia and
diabetes. Back to Top
Star Ruby (Starruby)
Star Ruby or Starruby, is a Ruby with extras (!) so all
items in the Ruby section above are relevant but with
additional properties of the ‘star’ as detailed below.
The star is created when translucent mineral contains
numerous thin, hair-like fibres (silk) of another mineral, and
when light is reflected from its polished surface, When the
silk-like fibres are crystallized parallel to the triagonal
crystal symmetry (two or more such lines intersect in the
middle), the appearance of a four or six-rayed star may
appear. While a certain amount of ‘silk’ is necessary to
create the star effect in Star Ruby, too much silk desaturates the colour,
Star Ruby’s properties are identical to Ruby (detailed
above) except that ‘star’ stones are believed to have
increased powers and potency, they are deemed very
lucky, they offer powerful protection from negative
energies, and are seen as the ‘stone of nobility’. Back to
Top
Sugilite (Astrological Birthstone: Aquarius)
Sugilite is opaque with a waxy lustre and ranges from pale
greyish lavender to a deep dark purple. Sometimes it
contains black matrix, or reddish brown or yellowish
blotches although most jewellery grade items are
beautifully translucent, hence its high price.
Sugilite was only discovered in 1944 in Japan, Canada and
India. The most important finding was in 1975 in the
Kalahari Desert, Northern South Africa, but 4 years later a
large deposit of gem grade Sugilite was found 3200 feet
below the original discovery!
Sugilite’s healing properties are believed to strengthen the
heart, reduce stress, dissipate anger and negative
energies, encourage peace of mind and a feeling of wellbeing and spiritual love, and to aid physical healing whilst
balancing the mind, body and spirit. It’s a powerful pain
reliever, the manganese within Sugilite clearing headaches
and discomfort at all levels. It is effective for epilepsy and
motor disturbances, bringing the brain and nerves into
alignment. Sugilite promotes understanding of the effect of
the mind on the body and its place in dis-ease. It can be
beneficial for cancer sufferers as it gently releases
emotional turmoil and alleviates despair, by drawing off
negative energy and lending loving support whilst
channelling healing energy into body, mind and spirit.
Back to Top
Tiger’s Eye
Tiger’s Eye is recognisable by the rippled wavy bands of
browns, golds, and yellows which often resemble a scenic
view. It’s a member of the quartz group of chalcedonies
and is one of the chatoyant gemstones, similar to Charoite.
(Chatoyancy is a changeable silky lustre as light is
reflected within the thin parallel fibrous bands.)
Tiger's eye is mined in Western Australia, South Africa,
USA, Canada, India, Namibia, and Burma.
Tiger’s Eye’s healing properties are said to aid spiritual
and body well-being, aid clarity of mind and act as a
psychic protector. It can help eye issues, help throat and
reproductive problems, dissolve constrictions and is helpful
for repairing bones. This stone combines the earth energy
with those of the sun to create a high vibrational state that
remains grounded. It is a protective stone, it helps
accomplish goals and promotes clarity of intention and is
especially useful in aiding mental dis-ease and personality
disorders. It can block self-criticism, alleviate depression
and encourage creativity and self-worth. Back to Top
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Tel: 0208 725 5503.
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Topaz
(Birthstone: November*, December*)
(Astrological Birthstone: Sagittarius, Leo*)
Topaz comes in wide range of colours including blue, red,
orange, peach, pink, gold, yellow, brown and clear. Being
a transparent stone with a vitreous lustre, its pure crystals
look beautiful in exclusive jewellery items. Although red
and pink are the most rare and desirable colours, blue is
extremely popular. Red and pink topaz gems were used
for jewellery by 18th and 19th Century Russian Czarinas
and this is why topaz is sometimes called "Imperial Topaz".
The most famous topaz is actually a colourless topaz that
was originally thought to be a diamond and at 1680 carats
is now set in the Portuguese Crown Jewels. The name
Topaz comes from the Sanskrit and means fire.
Topaz is found in Brazil, USA, Mexico, Australia, Pakistan,
Russia, Siberia, China, Myanmar (SE Asia), Japan, Sri
Lanka, South Africa and Nigeria.
Valued for centuries, it is thought that the healing
properties of Topaz help mental and physical disorders
including anorexia, it soothes, heals, stimulates, recharges,
re-motivates and aligns the meridians, improves eyesight,
facilitates ‘being’ rather than ‘doing’ and an urge to develop
inner wisdom, is an aid for digestion and stimulates the
metabolism. This stone facilitates problem solving.
*Birthstones. Yellow Topaz is the birthstone of November,
Blue Topaz for December.
*Astrological Birthstones. Golden Topaz for Leo and all
colours of Topaz for Sagittarius. Back to Top
Turquoise
(Birthstone: December)
(Astrological Birthstone: Taurus,
Sagittarius)
Turquoise is a blue to blue-green mineral of aluminium
and copper. It derives its name from turc (Turkish in
French), as it was transported to Europe through Turkey.
It is one of the oldest known gem materials on our planet.
Turquoise is a mineral deposited from circulating waters.
Ancient manuscripts from Persia, India, Arabia and
Afghanistan report that the health of a person wearing
Turquoise can be assessed by variations in its colour.
Deposits are found in Iran, Arabia, Afghanistan, Egypt,
Africa, Australia, Tibet, China, Siberia, Europe and
southwest USA.
Turquoise’s healing properties are believed to relax the
mind, to ease mental tension, providing solace for the spirit
and well-being for the body. It’s a protective stone
(strengthening the meridians and energy fields) and
enhances the physical and psychic immune systems. It
can regenerate tissue, benefit gout and rheumatism,
alleviate pollution and viral infections, act as an antiinflammatory, and stimulate overall healing. It instils inner
calm while remaining alert, can inspire creative expression,
aid exhaustion, depression and panic attacks, and being
‘protective’ it wards off influences and pollutants in the
atmosphere. Some say that it attracts money, success
and love into the wearer’s life whilst also bringing
courage, friendship and luck. Back to Top
Zircon (Birthstone: December)
Zircon comes in yellow, gold, red-brown, colourless-light
yellow and occasionally in blue and clear. It contains
zirconium, silicon and oxygen with small quantities of rare
earths and radioactive elements such as thorium and
uranium. It is used widely in industry as the main source
for the metal zirconium used in steel alloys, abrasives and
jet engines. It is not connected to Cubic Zirconia.
Zircon is found in Cambodia, Sri Lanka, Thailand,
Myanmar, Australia, South Africa, France and the USA.
Zircon was used in the Middle Ages to induce sleep, to
promote honour and wisdom, as a poison detoxifier and to
bring prosperity to its owner. It’s a general healer but
especially useful for liver complaints, childbirth and
depression. It inspires intuition, durability, steadiness and
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integrity. Back to Top
Full Circle Fund, c/o Ruth Myles Unit. 2 nd Floor. St James’s Wing. St George’s Hospital. London. SW17 0QT.
Tel: 0208 725 5503.
www.fullcirclefund.org.uk
Registered Charity No. 241527
Disclaimer. This document is provided for guide purposes only; materials may differ slightly in colour & texture.