WSP Support Document for Isett Seta SDFs May 2007 Version 3 CONTENTS Introduction 1 Structure of the OFO 1 Scarce and Critical Skills 5 Definition of Scarce and Critical Skills 5 Completing the Scarce and Critical Skills Form 6 Occupation 6 Scarce Skills (SS) 6 Job/Specialisation 6 Critical Skills 6 Intervention 6 NQF Level 6 NQF Aligned – Y/N 7 Need 7 Comments 7 Identifying Scarce Skills against Current Occupations Appendix 1: OFO Occupations for the Isett Sector 9 10 Appendix 2: Comparison between Occupational Categories in the WSP Format (WSP) and the Organising Framework for Occupations (OFO) 14 Introduction This document contains a summary of the pertinent points from the Dept. of Labour’s Framework for Identifying and Monitoring Scarce & Critical Skills. The purpose of this information is to simplify the inputs required for the April 2007 WSP. This document is similar to the “Scarce Skills Training Document” that was sent to SDFs recently, except for the following: Information that is not important to SDFs has been removed. Some points of clarification have been included. Structure of the OFO When comparing the 2007 WSP layout to the previous year, one significant change relates to the definition of occupations. In this regard, the OFO has been introduced to simplify and standardise the categorisation of occupations. The OFO is a skill-based coded classification system, which encompasses all occupations in the South African context. The structure of the OFO is presented in Figure 1: below. Figure 1: Structure of the OFO With reference to Figure 1, note that occupations are categorised according to Major Group (one digit code), Sub-Major Group (two digit code), Minor Group (three digit code), and Unit Group (four digit code). Occupations (six digit code) are subdivisions of the unit groups and can further be broken down into specialisations or jobs. Note that occupations were, in the “Scarce Skills Training Document”, stated as having a five digit code. This proved difficult to maintain because a number of Unit Groups have more than 10 occupations. An example of this structure is shown in Figure 2 below. WSP Support Document for SDFs, May 2007, Version 3 Page 1 Figure 2: Example of the OFO Structure WSP Support Document for SDFs, May 2007, Version 3 Page 2 As will be noted from Figure 1 and Figure 2, Occupations are further segmented into “Jobs” or “Specialisations”. Hence, it is important to note that a ‘job/specialisation’ and ‘occupation’ are not the same. The following definitions are applied: “Occupation” is seen as a set of jobs or specialisations whose main tasks are characterised by a high degree of similarity. “Job/Specialisation” is seen as a set of roles and tasks (as indicated in Figure 1) designed to be performed by one individual for an employer (including selfemployment) in return for payment or profit. The occupations identified in the OFO therefore represent a category that could encompass a number of jobs or specialisations. Occupations are classified according to two main criteria: skill level and skill specialisation, where skill is used in the context of competency rather than a description of tasks or functions. The skill level of an occupation is related to competent performance of tasks associated with an occupation. Skill level is therefore an attribute of an occupation, not of individuals in the labour force and can operationally be measured by: the level or amount of formal education and/or training (e.g. NQF level); the amount of previous experience in a related occupation; and the amount of on-the job training usually required to perform the set of tasks required for that occupation competently. It is therefore possible to make a comparison between the skill level of an occupation and the normally required educational level on the NQF as well as entry, intermediate and advanced levels referred to in the NSDS. This comparison is illustrated in Figure 3 below. When determining the skill level of an occupation, the question to ask therefore is “What is the skill level (e.g. NQF level) required for this occupation to be performed competently?” Figure 3 provides an estimated comparison of the skill level of the Major Groups in relation to the NQF levels as well as entry, intermediate and advanced level skills. It must be noted that the NQF levels especially are a rough estimation and could vary as they are an indication of qualification level and not necessarily the skill level associated with competent performance. WSP Support Document for SDFs, May 2007, Version 3 Page 3 Figure 3: Comparison between skill levels covered by Major Groups in OFO and NQF and NSDS levels NSDS NQF OFO 8 A D V A N C E D I N T E R M E D 1 1. MANAGERS 2. PROFESSIONALS 7 6 2 5 3 4 3 E N T R Y Major Occupational Groups in OFO 4. COMMUNITY AND PERSONAL SERVICE WORKERS 5. CLERICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE WORKERS 3. TECHNICIANS AND TRADES WORKERS 6. SALES WORKERS 4 7. MACHINERY OPERATORS AND DRIVERS 2 5 8. LABOURERS AND ELEMENTARY WORKERS 1 The skill specialisation of an occupation is a function of the field of knowledge required, tools and equipment used, materials worked on, and goods or services provided in relation to the tasks performed. Within the current OFO there are 8 Major Groups, 43 Sub-Major Groups, 101 Minor Groups, 376 Unit Groups and 1249 Occupations. However, for the purposes of the Isett Sector, many occupations are not applicable; hence the number of Occupations has been reduced to 221. The new OFO occupation classifications impact on Skills Year 7, “1 April 2007 - 31 March 2008”, Planning Grant 07/08 of the “WSP Plan & Report” tab of the On-Line Grant System”. The forms that are impacted are: Form Description B3 Current Employment Profile (includes occupations to second level only) C2 Skills Priorities (includes occupations to second level only) C3 d Training Interventions Planned: Skills Programmes C3 e Training Interventions Planned: Short Courses C3 f Training Interventions Planned: ABET / End User Computer Training C3 g Training Interventions Planned: Bursaries E Scarce and Critical Skills The OFO classifications that have been selected for the Isett Sector are presented in Appendix 1. Note that, for simplification purposes, only the Major Group heading WSP Support Document for SDFs, May 2007, Version 3 Page 4 (Level 1), the Sub-Major Group heading (Level 2), and the Occupation heading (Level 5) is presented, as is the case in the On-Line Grant System. As is now evident, the number of occupational categories used previously for WSPs is not the same as the occupational categories this year. Guidelines on the relationship between the old occupations and new occupations at Sub-Major level are presented in Appendix 2. Note that occupation descriptors can be obtained by downloading the “Isett OFO” Excel file from our website www.isett.org.za. Scarce and Critical Skills This section refers to the Scarce and Critical Skills form. Note that whereas the WSP data looks only at the period 1st April 2007 to 31st March 2008, the Scarce and Critical Skills form requires data covering the period 1st April 2007 to 31st March 2010. This form will therefore not only reflect the scarce and critical skills of personnel currently employed by the organisation but will also address envisaged scarce and critical skills over the next few years. Definition of Scarce and Critical Skills For the purpose of completing the WSP, the following definitions of Scarce and Critical Skills apply: SCARCE SKILLS refer to those occupations in which there are a scarcity of qualified and experienced people, currently or anticipated in the future, either (a) because such skilled people are not available or (b) they are available but do not meet employment criteria. This scarcity can arise from one or a combination of the following, grouped as relative or absolute: Absolute scarcity: suitably skilled people are not available, for example: A new or emerging occupation, i.e. there are few, if any, people in the country with the requisite skills (qualification and experience) and education and training providers have yet to develop learning programmes to meet the skills requirements. Firms, sectors and even the country are unable to implement planned growth strategies and experiencing productivity, service delivery and quality problems directly attributable to a lack of skilled people. Replacement demand would reflect an absolute scarcity where there are no people enrolled or engaged in the process of acquiring the skills that need to be replaced. Relative scarcity: suitably skilled people available but do not meet other employment criteria, for example: Geographical location, i.e. people unwilling to work outside of urban areas. Equity considerations, i.e. there are few if any candidates with the requisite skills (qualifications and experience) from specific groups available to meet the skills requirements of firms and enterprises. Replacement demand would reflect a relative scarcity if there are people in education and training (formal and work-place) who are in the process of acquiring the necessary skills (qualification and experience) but where the lead time will mean that they are not available in the short term to meet replacement demand. WSP Support Document for SDFs, May 2007, Version 3 Page 5 CRITICAL SKILLS, on the other hand, refers to specific key or generic and “top up” skills within an occupation. In the South African context there are two groups of critical skills: a) Key or generic skills, including (in SAQA-NQF terminology) critical cross-field outcomes. These would include cognitive skills (problem solving, learning to learn), language and literacy skills, mathematical skills, ICT skills and working in teams. b) Particular occupationally specific “top-up” skills required for performance within that occupation to fill a “skills gap” that might have arisen as a result of changing technology or new forms of work organisation. Both scarce and critical skills must be identified at the occupational level, with scarce skills being considered against the occupation itself and critical skills being reflected as specific skills within the occupation. Completing the Scarce and Critical Skills Form Occupation Firstly select the Major Group to which the occupation belongs. The will allow you to select the appropriate title in the Sub-Major Group to which the occupation belongs. This, in turn, will allow you to select the Occupation. Note that the Minor and Unit Groups are not presented. Scarce Skills (SS) If there is a need for people for the specific occupation, a tick can be used in this column next to the relevant occupation. All needs (even if this involves only 10 people) should be recorded. If there is not a scarcity of people for the occupation, this is to be left open for this occupation. Job/Specialisation If specialisation training is required within the occupation, select the job/specialisation from the dropdown list available. This list of specialisations is also available in the “Isett OFO” Excel file, which can be downloaded from our website www.isett.org.za. Critical Skills If particular or specific skills are critical to the occupation to ensure competence and competitiveness, type the skill into the text box. Critical skills can refer to cognitive skills (problem solving, learning to learn), language and literacy skills, mathematical skills, ICT skills, working in teams etc. It can also refer to technical top up skills related to the specific occupation. Intervention Use the dropdown list to identify the most appropriate learning strategies to the scarce or critical skills identified against the occupation. This field must be completed. The options, and additional information to assist in identifying the appropriate learning strategy, are presented in NQF Level Using the dropdown list provided, indicate the appropriate NQF level (real or estimated) at which the intervention should be directed. This field is to be completed irrespective of whether or not NQF aligned interventions are available. If no interventions exist or if the existing interventions are not NQF aligned, an estimation should nevertheless be made. Table 1 below. WSP Support Document for SDFs, May 2007, Version 3 Page 6 NQF Level Using the dropdown list provided, indicate the appropriate NQF level (real or estimated) at which the intervention should be directed. This field is to be completed irrespective of whether or not NQF aligned interventions are available. If no interventions exist or if the existing interventions are not NQF aligned, an estimation should nevertheless be made. Table 1: Appropriate Learning Strategies Learning Programme Types Generic Diplomas Degrees Certificates Technical Qualifications Technical Programmes Internship Articles Licensing requirements Abbreviation Description Learning Site Ed Theoretical knowledge provided by an institutional provider Classroom based TQ General theoretical knowledge provided by an institutional provider and experiential learning with an employer or simulated environment A workplace or practical component is required in addition to a general theoretical knowledge based qualification (institutional provider) in order to obtain registration as a professional or licensed to practise An occupationally directed programme resulting in a registered qualification and that requires an agreement and/or contract An occupationally directed programme, registered by a SETA, which is presented by an accredited provider and when completed will constitute a credit towards an NQF registered qualification Any learning or development programme that may or may not lead to credits towards an NQF registered qualification Work experience provided by a workplace for unemployed graduates (in scarce skills) Mainly classroom based but includes simulation and may include workplace learning A compulsory or statutory workplace component of a qualification TP I A L Learnerships Apprenticeships (Section 13) Ls Ap Skills Programmes SP Short Courses Continuing Professional Development Work experience for unemployed graduates (in scarce skills) SC CPD WE Mainly workplace based but includes classroom learning Workplace and classroom Classroom or simulated or classroom and simulated Workplace only NQF Aligned – Y/N Enter “Y” if the most appropriate intervention method identified at “NQF Level” is NQF aligned. If not, enter “N”. Need Provide an indication of the total number of people (not interventions) that are required and/or that need to be trained to meet the needs identified. Four fields of entry are presented, the first to indicate the immediate need, followed by three for each of the three years indicated. In the “Immediate” field, indicate the number of people required right now, i.e. this number will indicate the number of current “hard to fill” vacancies, as described in the section “Identifying Scarce Skills against Current Occupations” below. Note also that this number of people must be excluded from the WSP Support Document for SDFs, May 2007, Version 3 Page 7 number placed in the “1st April 2007 to 31st March 2008” field (i.e. to avoid doublecounting). Comments Any specific explanations, requirements or specifications can be provided in the Comments section. WSP Support Document for SDFs, May 2007, Version 3 Page 8 Table 2: Example of a Completed Scarce & Critical Skill Template SS OCCUPATION 2 InterNQF NQF Need Need vention level Aligned Immed- 01/04/07 (Y/N) iate – 31/03/08 Need Need 01/04/07 01/04/07 – – 31/03/08 31/03/08 Comments Education Professionals 25221 Technical Instructor Written communication SP 5 Y LS 5 Y LS 5 Y LS 4 Y LS 4 Y 2 day SC 4 N Technicians and Trades Workers 32 Automotive and Engineering Trades Workers 32111 General Fitter- Diesel Fitter 32111 General Fitter- Diesel Fitter 32114 Metal Machinist (First Class) CNC Machinist 32115 5 Critical Skill Professionals 25 3 Specialisation/ job General Fitter- Textile, Clothing or Footwear Mechanic Clerical and Administrative Workers 53 Eastern Cape Only This a new occupation General Clerical Workers 53212 Data Entry Operator WSP Support Document for SDFs, May 2007, Version 2 Computer literacy New software - Top up to achieve efficiency Page 9 Identifying Scarce Skills against Current Occupations Scarce and critical skill shortages can be identified by gathering and analysing information in respect of: a) Hard-to-fill vacancies or long-term vacancies: The South African average across occupations is around 56 days from advertisement to appointment. This is in sharp contrast to the USA norm, which is around 30 days, differences in labour legislation and practices notwithstanding. The proposal is that enterprises should report possible scarcity when they have been unable to fill a position and that position has been advertised as vacant for more than 3 months / 60 working days and where the reasons for not being able to fill the position reflect or are related to one of the following: No appropriately qualified people available, e.g. new occupation, new qualification required. No appropriately experienced people available, e.g. qualification available but experience and application in the work place is a key employer requirement. No appropriately qualified and/or experienced people available from target groups e.g. women mining engineers. b) Sourcing skills from outside of the country: Where there is hard or anecdotal evidence that key employers in the sector are recruiting skilled workers outside of the country to fill specific occupations. c) Higher wages: Where there is hard or anecdotal evidence that the lack of skilled people has resulted in skilled workers demanding higher wages or employers paying a premium for skill. d) Lower productivity levels: Where enterprises or sub-sectors are reporting that scarce or critical skills shortages are being reflected in lower quality, productivity or service delivery measures. For example, there is greater wastage, more machine down time, more mistakes, greater need for supervision, more work having to be done over to correct mistakes. e) Lower productivity growth: Where within enterprises, sub-sectors, sectors and even nationally there is less expenditure on innovation, R&D, less product or service value added. WSP Support Document for SDFs, May 2007, Version 2 Page 10 Appendix 1: OFO Occupations for the Isett Sector OFO Level 1 11 111101 111201 13 131101 131102 132101 132201 132301 132401 132501 134302 134405 135101 135102 136101 136102 136201 136301 136303 14 141101 142101 149201 149202 149401 2 21 212402 212403 212405 22 221101 221102 221201 221204 223101 223102 223103 223104 223201 223301 224204 224601 224702 225102 225103 225201 225202 225203 225301 225302 225303 225401 225402 225403 225405 23 231101 231104 231105 231106 232401 232402 Occupation MANAGERS Chief Executives, General Managers And Legislators Chief Executive Officer / Managing Director (Enterprise / Organisation) Corporate General Manager Specialist Managers Advertising And Public Relations Manager Sales And Marketing Manager Corporate Services Manager Finance Manager Personnel / Human Resource Manager Policy And Planning Manager Research And Development Manager FET College Principal Head Of Department (Teacher) Chief Information Officer ICT Project Manager Contract Manager Programme Or Project Manager Small Business Manager Office Or Unit Manager Team Manager Events, Hospitality, Retail And Service Managers Café (Licensed) Or Restaurant Manager Retail Manager (General) Call Or Contact Centre Manager Customer Service Manager Fleet Manager PROFESSIONALS Arts And Media Professionals Newspaper Or Periodical Editor Print Journalist Technical Writer Business, Human Resource And Marketing Professionals Accountant (General) Management Accountant Company Secretary Internal Auditor Human Resource Advisor Recruitment Consultant / Officer Workplace / Industrial Relations Advisor Skills Development Facilitator ICT Trainer Training And Development Professional Records Manager Librarian Organisation And Methods Analyst Market Research Analyst Marketing Specialist ICT Account Manager ICT Business Development Manager ICT Sales Representative Public Relations Professional Marketing / Communication Strategist Public Relations Client Service Manager Sales Representative (Industrial Products) Sales Representative (Medical And Pharmaceutical Products) Sales Representative (Educational Products And Services) Printing And Publishing Sales Representative Design, Engineering, Science And Transport Professionals Aeroplane Pilot Helicopter Pilot Airborne Electronics Analyst Aircraft Navigator Graphic Designer Illustrator WSP Support Document for SDFs, May 2007, Version 2 Page 11 OFO Level 232403 232404 233301 233302 233401 233402 233501 233502 233503 233504 233505 233506 233901 233903 233904 234601 234602 24 241401 241405 241407 241413 241414 241418 241419 241420 241421 241422 241423 241424 249101 249102 249301 249401 26 261101 261102 261201 261202 261301 261302 261303 261304 262101 262102 262103 263101 263102 263103 263201 263202 263203 263204 263205 263301 263302 27 271302 272101 272105 272302 272303 272307 272501 3 31 312401 Occupation Multimedia Designer Web Designer Electrical Engineer Electrical Engineering Technologist Electronics Engineer Electronics And Telecommunications Engineering Technologist Industrial Engineer Mechanical Engineer Metallurgical Engineer Industrial Engineering Technologist Mechanical Engineering Technologist Metallurgical Engineering Technologist Aeronautical Engineer Armament Engineer (Defence Force) Instrument Engineer (Defence Force) Medical Laboratory Scientist Medical Technologist Education Professionals Accounting Teacher (Grades 10 - 12) Business Studies Teacher (Grades 10 - 12) Computer Applications Technology Teacher (Grades 10 - 12) Electrical Technology Teacher (Grades 10 - 12) Engineering Graphics & Design Teacher (Grades 10 - 12) Information Technology Teacher (Grades 10 - 12) Language Teacher (Grades 10 - 12) Life Orientation Teacher (Grades 10 - 12) Life Sciences Teacher (Grades 10 - 12) Mathematical Literacy Teacher (Grades 10 - 12) Mathematics Teacher (Grades 10 - 12) Mechanical Technology Teacher (Grades 10 - 12) Education Or Training Advisor Education Or Training Reviewer Teacher Of English To Speakers Of Other Languages Technical Trainer ICT Professionals ICT Business Analyst Systems Analyst Multimedia Specialist Web Developer Analyst Programmer Developer Programmer Software Engineer Software Developer Database Administrator ICT Security Specialist Systems Administrator Computer Network And Systems Engineer Network Administrator Network Analyst ICT Quality Assurance Engineer ICT Support Engineer ICT Systems Test Engineer Applications Support Manager Technical Support Services Manager Telecommunications Engineer Telecommunications Network Engineer Legal, Social And Welfare Professionals Associate Legal Professional Careers Counsellor Student Counsellor Educational Psychologist Organisational Psychologist Psychometrician Social Worker TECHNICIANS AND TRADES WORKERS Engineering, ICT And Science Technicians Electronic Engineering Draftsperson WSP Support Document for SDFs, May 2007, Version 2 Page 12 OFO Level 312402 312501 312502 312601 312602 312901 312902 312904 313101 313102 313103 313104 313105 313201 313202 313203 313204 314101 32 322303 323101 323102 323103 323201 323202 323203 323204 323304 325101 34 341101 341102 342101 342201 342202 342301 342302 342303 342304 342305 342401 342402 342403 342404 35 351301 351401 36 362103 4 43 431201 431501 5 51 511101 511102 511201 52 521101 521201 53 531101 532101 532103 54 541101 Occupation Electronic Engineering Technician Mechanical Engineering Draftsperson Mechanical Engineering Technician Safety Inspector Aircraft Maintenance Engineer (Avionics) Maintenance Planner Metallurgical Or Materials Technician Design And Manufacturing Draftsperson Hardware Technician ICT Customer Support Officer Web Administrator Computer Systems Technician Telecommunications Computer Systems Technician Radio Communications Technician Telecommunications Field Engineer Telecommunications Network Planner Telecommunications Technical Officer Or Technologist Cable Manufacturing Technician Automotive And Engineering Technicians And Trades Workers Welder / Welder (First Class) Aircraft Maintenance Technicians (Avionics) Aircraft Maintenance Technicians (Mechanical) Aircraft Maintenance Technicians (Structures) Fitter (General) Fitter And Turner Fitter-Welder Metal Machinist (First Class) Precision Instrument Maker And Repairer Cable Manufacturing Trade Worker Electrotechnology And Telecommunications Trades Workers Electrician (General) Electrician (Special Class) Air-Conditioning And Refrigeration Mechanic Electrical Linesworker / Electrical Line Mechanic Technical Cable Jointer Business Machine Mechanic Communications Operator Electronic Equipment Trades Worker Electronic Instrument Trades Worker (General) Electronic Instrument Trades Worker (Special Class) Cabler (Data And Telecommunications) Telecommunications Cable Jointer Telecommunications Linesworker / Telecommunications Line Telecommunications Technician Food Trades Workers Chef Cook Agricultural Attendants, Supervisors And Produce Graders Gardener (General) COMMUNITY AND PERSONAL SERVICE WORKERS Hospitality Workers Cafe Worker Waiter Or Bartender CLERICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE WORKERS Office And Program Administrators Contract Administrator Contract, Program And Project Administrators Office Administrator Personal Assistants And Secretaries Personal Assistant Secretary (General) General Clerical Workers General Clerk Data Entry Operator Word Processing Operator Inquiry Clerks And Receptionists Call Or Contact Centre Operator WSP Support Document for SDFs, May 2007, Version 2 Page 13 OFO Level 542101 55 551101 551102 551201 551301 56 561301 561401 561402 561501 561601 561905 561906 59 591101 591102 591103 591104 591105 591106 591201 591202 599401 599701 599801 6 61 611302 611306 611307 62 621101 621201 63 631101 631102 639301 7 71 711201 73 732101 732102 733101 74 741101 8 81 811201 83 832301 839301 839302 85 851202 851203 851206 851301 89 899904 899909 Occupation Receptionist (General) Numerical Clerks Accounts Clerk Cost Clerk Bookkeeper Payroll Clerk Clerical And Office Support Workers Filing Or Registry Clerk Mail Clerk Postal Sorting Officer Survey Interviewer Switchboard Operator Telecommunications Cable Assigner Office Machine Operator Other Administrative Workers Order Clerk Production Clerk Purchasing Officer Sales Clerk Stock Clerk Warehouse Administrator Despatching And Receiving Clerk Import-Export Clerk Human Resources Clerk Library Assistant Proof Reader SALES WORKERS Sales Representatives And Agents Sales Representative (Business Services) Manufacturers Representative Sales Representative (Photographic Equipment And Supplies) Sales Assistants And Salespersons Sales Assistant (General) ICT Sales Assistant Sales Support Workers Checkout Operator Office Cashier Telemarketer MACHINERY OPERATORS AND DRIVERS Machine And Stationary Plant Operators Industrial Spraypainter Road And Rail Drivers Delivery Driver (Vehicle) Delivery Driver (Motorcycle) Truck Driver (General) Store Persons Store Person ELEMENTARY WORKERS Cleaners Commercial Cleaner Factory Process Workers Product Assembler Product Examiner Product Tester Food Preparation Assistants Chef's Assistant Tea Attendant Fast Food Attendant Kitchenhand Other Elementary Workers Electrical Or Telecommunications Trades Assistant Electronics And Telecommunications Trades Assistant WSP Support Document for SDFs, May 2007, Version 2 Page 14 Appendix 2: Comparison between Occupational Categories in the WSP Format (WSP) and the Organising Framework for Occupations (OFO) 1 WSP Legislators, senior officials and Managers 2 Professionals 3 Technicians and associated professionals 4 Clerks 5 Service and sales workers 6 Skilled Agricultural and Fishery Workers Crafts and related trades workers 7 8 Plant and machine operators 9 Elementary occupations 11 13 14 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 31 33 34 41 51 52 53 54 55 56 59 42 43 44 45 61 62 63 12 36 32 35 39 71 72 73 74 81 82 83 84 85 89 SUB-MAJOR GROUPS FROM THE OFO Chief Executives, Directors And General Managers and Legislators Specialist Managers Hospitality, Retail and Service Managers Arts And Media Professionals Business, Human Resource and Marketing Professionals Design, Engineering Science and Transport Professionals Education Professionals Health Professionals Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Professionals Legal, Social and Welfare Professionals Engineering, ICT and Science Technicians Electrotechnology and Telecommunications Trades Workers Construction Trades Workers Health and Welfare Support Workers Office Managers and Program Administrators Personal Assistants and Secretaries General Clerical Workers Inquiry Clerks and Receptionists Numerical Clerks Clerical and Office Support Workers Other Clerical and Administrative Workers Carers and Aides Hospitality Workers Protective Service Workers Sports and Personal Service Workers Sales Representatives and Agents Sales Assistants and Sales Persons Sales Support Workers Farmers and Farm Managers Skilled Animal and Horticultural Workers Automotive and Engineering Trades Workers Food Trades Workers Other Technicians and Trades Workers Machine And Stationery Plant Operators Mobile Plant Operators Road And Rail Drivers Storepersons Cleaners and Laundry Workers Construction and Mining Labourers Factory Process Workers Farm, Forestry and Garden Workers Food Preparation Assistants Other Labourers And Elementary Workers WSP Support Document for SDFs, May 2007, Version 2 Page 15