Workbook for Bills & Collections Version 1.0 © 2001 by i-flex solutions limited All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, adopted or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photographic, graphic, optic recording or otherwise, translated in any language or computer language, without the prior written permission of i-flex solutions limited (i-flex). Due care has been taken to make this workbook as accurate as possible. However, i-flex makes no representation or warranties with respect to the contents hereof and shall not be responsible for any loss or damage caused to the user by the direct or indirect use of this workbook. Furthermore, i-flex reserves the right to alter, modify or otherwise change in any manner the content hereof, without obligation of i-flex to notify any person of such revision or changes. All company and product names are trademarks of the respective companies with which they are associated. Document Control File Name Creation Date: 10th May 2001 Review Date: March 15th 2002 Last Saved On: 09th Sept.2002 Workbook-Bills and Collections By : Umesh Aurora/ Rajesh kumar Rajesh Ganesan / Ravi Handigol Group: FC-COL Banking Products Group Workbook – Bills for Collection 3 Table of Contents Bills for Collections Sight or Usance Bills: Import or Export Bills: LC Bill or Non LC Bill: DA Bills or DP Bills: Usance D/P Bills Various options in Bills How to handle Bills Collection in FLEXCUBE? Module Overview: Module Static Maintenance: Product Maintenance Product Branch and currency restrictions Product Customer and account class restrictions Product Tax details Product Interest and Charges Details Role to Head Mapping Event accounting entry definition Contract Input Advices, Instructions and FFT’s Exception Tracers Details for the bill Discrepancies SWIFT advices under Bills Module Others Flow Chart for BC Product Maintenance & Contract Input Discount accruals in an LC i-flex solutions ltd. 3 4 5 5 6 6 7 9 9 10 13 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 19 19 19 20 22 23 25 Workbook – Bills and Collection 3 Bills for Collections Bill of exchange is a financial instrument defined in the Bill of Exchange Act of UK and Negotiable Instruments Act of India . It is used in business to settle money transactions. It is defined as “ An instrument in writing containing an unconditional order signed by the maker directing a certain person to pay a certain sum of money only to or to the order of a certain person.” The parties in a bill of exchange are.. Drawer : Drawee : the payment Payee : One who is the maker of instrument One on whom the bill is drawn and is expected to make The beneficiary who is to receive the payment Typically Exporter / Seller draws the Bill on the Importer / Buyer asking him to make the payment to the Payee, normally a banker. Seller hands over such a bill to his banker with a request to receive the money on the bill from the buyer on his behalf and thereafter credit his account. This process is called collection. In a trade transaction following documents are generally used. 1. A document for settling money transaction Eg. Bill of Exchange 2. A document signifying transport and possession of goods Eg. Bill of lading, Airway bill, Motor Transport Receipt etc 3. A document giving description and ownership of goods Eg. Invoice 4. A document covering the risk of tranport of goods from seller to buyer Eg. Insurance policy _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. Workbook – Bills and Collection There are different ways in which bills can be categorized. Usance or Sight Bill, Import or Export Bill, LC Bill or Non LC Bill, DA or DP Bill Sight or Usance Bills: If bills of exchange are drawn at sight by the exporter, they have to be paid by the importer or by the importer’s bank (drawee) immediately on receipt of documents. In other words, it is payable upon demand to the payeeexporter/exporter’s bank . On the other hand usance bills have a specific tenor like 30 days, 90 days. If the usance type bill of exchange is drawn by the exporter , the bill has to be paid by the importer or by the importer’s bank (drawee) on the date of maturity. Acceptance of Usance Bills: Under usance bills, once the documents have been checked and found to contain no discrepancies, the drawee/issuing bank gives an undertaking to pay the bill on the date specified on the bill.. This in banking parlance is called acceptance. _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 4 Workbook – Bills and Collection Import or Export Bills: Import Bills These are bills handled by the importer’s bank. The importer’s bank would receive from the exporter’s bank B/E drawn by the exporter. On receipt of these bills, the importer’s bank could perform one or more of the following operations: Collection, Payment, Acceptance These bills can be drawn under LC or not drawn under LC Export Bills These are bills handled by the exporter’s bank. The exporter draws the bill of exchange (which could be under LC or not under LC) and submits the necessary documents of title to goods ( bill of lading, invoice, insurance etc) to his bank. The exporter’s bank would perform one of the following operations on the bill Discount the bill and send it on collection Send the bill directly for collection Negotiate the bill (if the bill is under LC) and send for collection Purchase the bill (if it is a sight bill) and send it for collection. In all cases the bill has to be sent to the importer’s bank for collecting the money and cannot be retained by the exporter’s bank. LC Bill or Non LC Bill: Bills under Documentary Credits, are known as LC Bills Collection bills, are also known as Non-LC Bills Collections bills are cheaper and simpler for the importer than Documentary Credits: this is because the collecting bank does not have any financial interest or commitment, so there are fewer formalities and lesser charges/fees. An importer will need to have import facilities from his bank if he wants to open Documentary Credits - he does not need any if he imports on a collection basis. Because of the different requirements of buyers and sellers, there are many alternative ways of handling trade transactions. _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 5 Workbook – Bills and Collection DA Bills or DP Bills: Documents against Payment (D/P) This is sometimes referred to as delivery against cash. In effect D/P means payable at sight (on demand). The collecting bank hands over the shipping documents only when the importer has paid the bill. The drawee is usually expected to pay within 3 working days of presentation. Documents against Acceptance (D/A) This means that the exporter is allowing credit terms to the importer: the period of credit is the term of the bill, also known as “usance”. The importer/drawee is required to ACCEPT the Bill i.e. to make a signed promise to pay the bill on a set date in the future. When he signs the bill in acceptance, he can take the documents and clear his goods. The payment date is calculated from the term of the bill - the term is usually a multiple of 30 i.e. 30 days, 60 days, 90 days, 120 days etc. and starts either from sight or from the date of shipment, or from acceptance as stated on the bill of exchange. BUT REMEMBER a usance/term bill does not necessarily mean that documents can be given against acceptance. ie on D/A basis. Usance D/P Bills A Usance D/P Bill is an arrangement where the buyer accepts the bill payable at a specified future date but does not receive the documents until he has actually paid for them. The reason is that airmailed documents may arrive much earlier than the goods shipped by sea. The buyer is not obliged to pay the bill before its due date, but he may want to do so if the ship arrives before that date. This mode of payment is less in practice but offers one more settlement possibility. Remember that these are still D/P terms so there is no extra risk to the exporter or his bank. _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 6 Workbook – Bills and Collection As an alternative the covering schedule may simply allow acceptance or payment to be deferred awaiting arrival of the carrying vessel. If there are problems regarding storage of goods under a Usance D/P bill, the collecting bank should notify the remitting bank without delay for instructions. It should be noted however that the collecting bank does not have to do everything the remitting bank’s schedule says. Various options in Bills The various operations that are possible in bills are. Collection Export Bills for collection: In this case the exporter’s bank sends the bills to the importers bank for collection of money from the importer. If the bill is a sight bill, the importer/importer’s bank should pay upon seeing the bill. In case of usance bill sent for collection, the importer’s bank presents the bill to the importer for acceptance. Import Bills for collection: In this case, the importer receives the bills (could be under LC or not under LC) and makes the payment to the exporter’s bank through his bank either on sight or an maturity date depending on the payment terms. Discount In case of a usance bill, the exporter will get his payment only on the due date of the bill, which takes 90 or more days depending on the tenor. But if the exporter wants money immediately, the bank deducts interest upfront and pays the remaining amount to the exporter. Normally, the term “discount” is associated with usance bills. Purchase Purchasing of a bill is done by the exporter’s bank if the exporter wants payment of a sight bill immediately. Normally purchase is associated with sight bills that are not under LC. Negotiation The term negotiation refers to any of the following operations on export bills that are drawn under LC: _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 7 Workbook – Bills and Collection 8 Purchase of a sight bill under LC Discount of a usance bill under LC Acceptance If the bill drawn by the exporter is a usance bill, the exporter’s bank will first send the same to the importer’s bank for acceptance by the importer. Importer’s bank presents the bills to the importer. The importer has to accept the bill and the importer’s bank will forward the accepted bill to the exporter’s bank. Thus the operation of acceptance is initiated at the exporter’s bank and completed at the importer’s bank. Advance If the importer does not have sufficient funds to pay the bill, the bank can provide a loan to the importer. This can be for a sight bill or for a usance bill. Usually, the usance bill is first accepted and then on due date the bank can provide an advance. Thus the operation of an advance is applicable only for incoming or import bills (sight or usance). _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. Workbook – Bills and Collection How to handle Bills Collection in FLEXCUBE? Module Overview: The Bills and Collections (BC) module supports the processing of all types of bills, both domestic and international and handles the necessary activities during the entire lifecycle of a bill once it is booked. The Bills and Collections module supports the processing of all types of international and domestic bills like: Incoming Bills under LCs Incoming Bills not under LCs Outgoing Bills under LCs Outgoing Bills not under LCs Incoming Collections Outgoing Collections Usance or Sight Bills Documentary or Clean Bills In an effort to provide quick turn around time in processing bills, you can create products, templates or even copy the details of an existing bill on to a new one and modify it to suit your requirements. This renders the input of the details of a bill faster and easier. The BC module actively interacts with the LC module of FLEXCUBE. This enables easy retrieval of information for bills drawn under an LC that was issued at your bank. Most of the details maintained for the LC will be defaulted to the bill when you indicate the reference number of the LC involved in the bill. This eliminates the need to enter the details of the LC all over again. All types of bills are classified to fall under two categories. They are: Import Bills Export Bills All types of incoming bills (international and domestic) handled by your bank are termed ‘Import’ bills. Similarly, all outgoing bills (international and domestic) handled by your bank are termed ‘Export’ bills. _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 9 Workbook – Bills and Collection The following operations can be performed on bills (international and domestic): Incoming Advance Payment Acceptance Collection Discounting Outgoing Payment Acceptance Collection Purchase Negotiation Discounting The system allows you to effect a change of operation for the following operation types: Acceptance to Advance (automatic facility provided) Acceptance to Discount Collection to Purchase This module also supports automated follow-up and tracer facility for payments and acceptance. Tracers can be automatically generated at the frequency that you indicate until a discrepancy/payment/acceptance is resolved. Depending on the processing requirements of your bank, you can define and store the standard documents, clauses, and instructions and free format texts. These details can be incorporated and printed onto the output document of the bill by just entering the relevant code. This eliminates entering the details of standard components of a bill each time you need to use them. Module Static Maintenance: All Modules of FLEXCUBE utilize the Core static maintenance of Customer, GL, Accounts, and Currency etc. The core maintenance is required to be completed _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 10 Workbook – Bills and Collection before starting the module level maintenance. For starting operations in FLEXCUBEe there is a list of module specific maintenance, which is required to be completed prior to starting the Product definition. The Bills module requires certain basic information to be set up before becoming fully operational. You can maintain details for the following: Clause details Document details Goods Instruction codes Free Format Texts Discrepancy Codes and Parameters for your branch 10.201 Maintaining clauses: A clause is a statement that can accompany a document that is sent under a bill. Instead of specifying the details of a clause each time you need to use it, you can maintain a list of the standard clauses, which can accompany (can be part of) the documents sent under a bill, in the Clause Maintenance screen. The key things to be maintained here are: i. ii. User defined unique Clause Code Indicating the clause type – which will determine the type of document that it accompanies. The nature of the clauses that you define can fall within the following categories: Transport Insurance Invoice Others iii. Clause Description contains the Contents of the Clause, which will be printed on the documents that are required for the bill. _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 11 Workbook – Bills and Collection Maintaining documents: There are certain standard documents that are required under a documentary bill. This can be maintained in the Bills - Document Master Maintenance screen. The advantage of maintaining document details is that, at the time of creating a product or at the time of entering the details of a bill, you need to just specify the code assigned to the document. The key things to be maintained here are: Unique user-defined document code Selecting the type of the document – transport, insurance, invoice or others Short description of the document Specifying the contents of the document with the clause codes Maintaining goods: There are certain standard goods or commodities that are transacted under bills. Instead of specifying details of the merchandise each time they are traded, you can maintain the details of the standard goods in the Goods Maintenance screen. The things to be maintained here are: Unique user-defined commodity code Description of the commodity Maintaining Instruction Codes: You can register the standard set of instructions or statements that are applicable to the bills that you issue and maintain their details in the Instruction Code Maintenance screen. These standard instructions can be made to appear in the correspondence and messages sent to the parties involved in a bill. Unique user-defined instruction code Description of the instruction Maintaining Free Format Texts (FFTs): Free Format Texts (FFT’s) may be a set of instructions or statements that are applicable to the bills that you process. There are certain standard free format texts that should appear in the correspondence and messages sent to the parties involved in the bill and these can be maintained in the FFT Maintenance screen. The fields here are: _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 12 Workbook – Bills and Collection Unique user-defined instruction code Description of the FFT Maintaining Discrepancy Codes: You can maintain the standard discrepancy codes that are applicable to the bills you process in the Discrepancy Code Maintenance screen. The key fields are: Unique user-defined discrepancy code Description of the discrepancy Maintaining Branch Parameters: This is done in BC Branch Parameters available under Bank/Branch Parameters in the Main Menu. This setup helps in the auto-processing of contracts by the system. The parameters that are required here are “Accrual Level” whether it need to be at product level or at the contract level and whether the batch processing needs to be “Till next working day” Product Maintenance A Product in simple terms is a category or type of Bill. The main objective of creating a product is to construct a broad framework within which you can define specific Bills. This helps to minimize your inputs at the contract level and ensures uniformity. Main Details Product Code Product Description, Slogan, Start & End Date Specifying the Product Group Product Type – Import & Export Tenor – Sight & Usance Under LC Document – Clean & Documentary Operations Indicating whether change of operations is allowed – Acceptance to Discount, Acceptance to Advance, Collection to Purchase Product Preferences The re-key requirement fields _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 13 Workbook – Bills and Collection Limits monitoring Details Tenor limit specification Exchange Rate Variance specification and type of Rate Code to be used (mid-rate or buy/sell rate) Interest and charges components and accrual details Pay Due advice details And Past Due Reckoning Product MIS details The transaction related MIS details could be captured. The multiple MIS codes can be captured as a MIS group and the group can be defaulted at the product definition level. Product Branch and currency restrictions This will apply restrictions to the contracts done under the product with respect to the branches in which the products can be used and also the currencies in which the deals can be entered using this product. Product Customer and account class restrictions Deals with Restricted customers cannot be done under this product. Product Tax details The taxes applicable are maintained as tax schemes. The relevant tax schemes are defaulted here for the respective components. This is allowed only if the allow tax check box in the product preferences is checked. Product Interest and Charges Details The interest related details are to be maintained here. The name of the component, the rule to be applied, the event at which the interest is to be applied, the type of interest – whether it is fixed, floating or special, the different rates for specific currencies etc. are defined. The charges that are to be collected are maintained as charge classes. The relevant charge classes are defaulted here. _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 14 Workbook – Bills and Collection Role to Head Mapping The mapping of the ‘accounting roles’ to the desired GLs is defined here. Alternatively these can be maintained as a class and the class can be defaulted here. Event accounting entry definition The accounting entries and advices as applicable for each event in the life of the deal are defined here. Alternatively these can be maintained as a class and the class can be defaulted here. Documents, Instructions & Free Format Text Here codes for document and instructions and free formats can be attached to the product so that they are picked up for all contracts under that product. These FFTs and Instructions can appear along with the advices that are generated during the lifecycle of the Bills linked to this product. Tracers Tracers are reminders that can be sent to the various parties involved in a bill. In this screen you can specify your preferences for the tracers that should be generated for the various exceptions that occur in the life cycle of a bill. Reserve Exception, Acceptance Exception, Payment Exception, Charges Exception. Status Control A bill that is yet to reach a repayment date or on which repayments are being made will be considered as having an ‘Active’ status. When a repayment against the bill is not made on the due date, you may want to do an aging analysis for the bill. You can do an aging analysis by changing the status of a bill on which payment is defaulted (such as NAB, PDO) Contract Input A Contract is an instruction wherein a customer (drawer) approaches your bank to purchase, negotiate, discount or send for collection, a financial instrument called a bill. The contracts are input using the different products that have been created to incorporate different kinds of bills. A Bills Contract would therefore require information on: Who is the Drawer of the bill? _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 15 Workbook – Bills and Collection Who is the Drawee of the bill? Is the bill drawn under an LC? Is it a Sight or Usance bill? The operation that is being performed on the bill. The amount for which the bill is drawn and the currency in which it is expressed. Details of the parties involved in the bill. Details of the collecting bank (for export bill) or the remitting bank (for import bills). Details of the merchandise that was traded. The documents that should accompany the bill. Specifications for the transportation of the consignment. By default a bill inherits all attributes of the product to which it is associated. This means that you will not have to define these general attributes, each time you input a bill involving a product. The details captured in the bills contract screen are: - Contract Main Screen Specifying the operation you are performing on the bill. Advance, Payment, Discounting, Collection, Acceptance for Incoming Bills and Negotiation, Payment, Collection, Discounting, Acceptance, Purchase in case of Outgoing Bills. Specifying References for the Bill. If the bill is under Collection, the reference number assigned to the collection can be specified. If the bill is under an LC, then the requirements to be specified are – the customer in whose name the LC was drawn, the date on which LC was issued and the reference number of the LC. If the bill is under an LC issued by some other bank, then the charges of the other bank can also be specified. Specifying the terms of the Bill. The amount and currency in which the bill is drawn. Tenor details for the bill. The value date, tenor of the bill, Base date, Transit days, maturity date (=Base date + tenor + transit Days), Liquidation Date and Transaction date. Specifying Counter party details. The Drawer in case of export Bill, and the drawee in case of Import bills. _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 16 Workbook – Bills and Collection Specifying Batch Processing preferences. The mode of liquidation whether auto or manual, whether status change is auto or manual, whether bill will be made available for rediscounting and whether there will be auto-change from acceptance to advance. Specifying the Interest Computation dates – The period of interest computation, the Grace days to penalty. The cash collateral details. _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 17 Workbook – Bills and Collection 18 Parties The party type of the customer. The CIF ID assigned to the party. The country to which the party belongs. The party’s mail address. The language in which tracers and messages should be sent to the party. The media through which all tracers and advices should be routed. The following table contains a list of party types that can be involved in all types of bills: Party Type Party Description DRAWER DRAWEE ISSUING BANK NEG BANK 1 NEG BANK 2 BENEFICIARY ACCOUNTEE CASE NEED GURANTOR ACCEPTING BANK DISCNTING BANK REMITTING BANK COLLECTING BANK REIMBURSING BANK CONFIRMING BANK Drawer Drawee Issuing Bank Negotiating Bank 1 Negotiating Bank 2 Beneficiary Accountee Case Need Guarantor Accepting Bank Discounting Bank Remitting Bank Collecting Bank Reimbursing Bank Confirming Bank _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. Workbook – Bills and Collection Goods, Shipment and Document Details Specifying details of the document applicable to a bill. Specifying the clauses for the documents Specifying shipping details – transshipment details, latest date of shipment, the carrier of goods, location and destination of goods shipped. Indicating the goods details Advices, Instructions and FFT’s Priority, Medium of advice and whether messages should be suppressed. Specifying instructions and Free format texts for a bill Exception Tracers Details for the bill Payment exception or Acceptance Exception are the two types generated in FLEXCUBE. Specifying whether tracer is required for the bill Specifying the number of tracers to be generated, the frequency, and the receiver of the tracers Discrepancies Specifying the discrepancies that occurred in the bill Specifying if a reserve tracer should be generated Specifying the number of tracers that should be generated, the frequency and the receiver of the tracers. _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 19 Workbook – Bills and Collection SWIFT advices under Bills Module Note: There is no SWIFT equivalent to Remittance letter, which is the covering letter for the documents being sent by Remitting Bank to Collecting Bank (by mail) i. MT410 Acknowledgement This is the SWIFT message in acknowledgement for receipt of remittance letter and documents. It is sent by Collecting bank (the receiver of the remittance letter) to Remitting Bank (the sender). In FC this gets generated when an Incoming contract(collection, discount etc.) is created. ii. MT400 Advice of payment. This is the payment (transfer) message sent by the Collecting bank to the remitting bank towards settlement of the Dues under the Bill (partial of final). The collecting bank sends this message after it has collected the dues from the Drawee (or Drawee bank) or made other arrangements (such as discount, advance etc.). The message is usually a substitute to MT100, Mt200. Thus if MT400 is sent then MT200 should not be sent (this will then become a double payment) In FC this gets generated when ever an incoming Collection or acceptance is liquidated (through liquidation option icon). The payment date in the exceptions tab is automatically populated. A separate version and event is created for history. iii. MT 430 Amendment of Instruction This is sent by remitting bank to collecting bank intimating the amendments to the remittance instruction sent earlier (through remittance letter). Thus though, the remittance letter is sent by mail (as it accompanies documents), amendment to it is done through this message. The Collecting bank may send MT410 towards acknowledgement. In FC this gets generated when ever an outgoing Collection or discount is amended iv. MT420 Tracers _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 20 Workbook – Bills and Collection These are periodic ‘reminder’ or ‘queries’ sent by remitting bank to the collecting bank seeking information on the status of acceptance or payment of the bill as the case may be. In FC this gets generated through an EOD batch function at predefined frequency. It is generated for “outgoing/ export” bills (collection / discount / negotiation) when set-up as required in the tracer maintenance tab.. It gets stopped when the tracer generation is flagged as “not required” in the respective Bill contract. Tracers can be generated under the following cases (for outgoing/export) bills 1. Payment Exception – to enquire the payment status for a sight bill 2. Acceptance exception - to enquire the acceptance status for a usance bill 3. Reserve Exception – sent by negotiating bank (for bills under LC), if discrepancies are noted and negotiation is done under reserve (right of recourse). The tracers are for reminding resolution of the discrepancies and get stopped when the respective discrepancy is marked as resolved. v. MT422 Advice of Fate This is sent by the Collecting bank to the remitting bank as a reply to the tracers (MT420). In FC this is generated as a (one time advice- when ever required) when Advice of Fate (in the exception tab) is chosen for an Incoming/Import bill (Collection/discount). The advice of fate can be for payment (DP) or Acceptance (DA). It is possible to attach “reasons” as clauses to the advice using the Free format clause code feature of FC. vi. MT416 Advice of non-payment or Acceptance This an advice sent by the collecting bank to the remitting bank, stating that the Drawee has refused payment (of sight bill or matured usance bill) or acceptance (of a usance Bill). The bills and documents are usually returned back to the remitting bank separately. In FC this is generated as a (one time advice) when (the respective import bill contract is unlocked and ) non-payment Msg date or Non- Acceptance Message date is input (in the exception screen tab) . A separate event and version is triggered which keeps history of this event vii. MT412 Advice of acceptance _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 21 Workbook – Bills and Collection This is sent by the collecting bank to the remitting bank advising the fact that the usance bill is accepted by the Drawee. Payment (on the maturity date) follows this activity. In FC this is generated as a (one time advice) when (the respective import bill contract is unlocked and ) Acceptance Msg date is input (in the exception screen tab) for a collection Bill. A separate version and event is created for history. For “acceptance” operation where the bank also accepts the bill this is directly triggered. Others Apart from these details there is a set of other details, which can be entered, in the different buttons available in the contract main screen. These include the Settlement details, Interest and charge details, MIS details, TAX details, Contract Linkages; User defined fields, FX linkages, Invoice Details. Forfeiting of Bills By specifying the invoice details. The identification number of invoice, the date on which it was raised and the amount that was raised. Specifying the margin details – margin can be percentage of bill amount or flat amount. Liquidating the margin Linking contracts to Accounts and deposits Specifying the type of linkage – account or deposit Specifying the details of linkage, the currency, exchange rate, linked amount _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 22 Workbook – Bills and Collection 23 Flow Chart for BC Product Maintenance & Contract Input WORKFLOW FOR BILLS AND COLLECTIONS MODULE PRE REQUISITES CORE MAINTENANCE DOCUMENT MAINTENANCE GOODS/COMMODITIES CODES STATIC MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTION CODES CLAUSES MAINTENA NCE FREE FORMAT MAINTENANCE BC BRANCH PARAMETERS PRODUCT MAINTENANCE BC PRODUCT MASTER MAINTENANCE CHARGES DEFINITION TYPE - Import or export TAX DEFINITION UNDER LC? TENOR - Sight or Usance INTEREST DEFINITION ACCOUNTING ROLES MIS DEFINITION Clean or Documentary PREFERENCES OPERATIONS BRANCH/CURRENCY RESTRICTIONS CUSTOMER RESTRICTIONS TRACERS DOCUMENTS, INSTRUCTIONS & FFT STATUS CONTROL USER DEFINED FIELDS _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. Workbook – Bills and Collection 24 WORKFLOW FOR CONTRACT INPUT PRE REQUISITES BC PRODUCT MAINTENANCE BILLS CONTRACT SCREEN CONTRACT INPUT STAGE OPERATION MAIN SCREEN PARTIES & LIMITS DOCUMENTS /SHIPPING DETAILS CONTRAC T OR FX LINKAGES BILL ATTACHED TO LC. AND THE CHANGES IT UNDERGOES AS LC AVAILMENT, ETC. EXCEPTIONS DISCREPANCIES ADVICES/ FFTs CHANGES IN CHARGES/TAX/ MIS/SETTLEMENT DEFAULTS PICKED UP FROM PRODUCT SAVE THE CONTRACT OR PUT ON HOLD DELETE THE CONTRACT AUTHORIZE Life Cycle Events AMEND CONTRACT LIQUIDATE GENERATE MESSAGES REVERSAL COLLECTION TO PURCHASE OPERATION CHANGES _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. ACCEPTANCE TO DISCOUNT ACCEPTANCE TO ADVANCE Workbook – Bills and Collection Banks can finance EXPORTERS by: PRE-SHIPMENT FINANCE for specific requirements e.g. Packing Credits, Manufacturing Loans, usually relating to a single order or shipment. These are loans granted to the exporter to enable him to purchase raw materials to manufacture the goods. POST SHIPMENT FINANCE - The Bank may be prepared to PURCHASE or DISCOUNT bills of exchange after shipment but before payment by the importer. This means making an advance to the exporter against the security of the bills representing the goods shipped, pending payment by the importer. Running an OVERDRAFT to cover expenses of any kind. Banks can finance IMPORTERS by: IMPORT LOANS for specific shipments known as either LOANS AGAINST IMPORTS (LAI) or CLEAN IMPORT LOANS (CIL). Running an OVERDRAFT In case of import bills, liquidation would mean payment of money to the exporter’s bank on the due date of payment. Discount accruals in an LC When an export bill is discounted or negotiated, the discount income is taken upfront. Discount accruals is a process by which the discount earned is progressively amortized till the maturity date so that a true picture of income for the period can be obtained. Accruals can be daily, monthly, quarterly, half-yearly or annual. _______________________________________________________________________________ i-flex solutions ltd. 25