1
Introduction to Psychology Final Exam
Directions: Please put your answers into a Word document of something similar and attach
it to an email to me.
Multiple choice questions are worth 2-points each, please pick the letter that best answers each
question and if you don’t know the answer guess because you may get it right.
Essay questions are worth 5-points each, students are required to answer two of the five but can
answer more for extra-credit.
1. Question The tendency of people to alter their behavior as a result of group
influence is called
Answer
a. attribution.
b. conformity.
c. social comparison.
d. obedience.
2. Question Prejudice arises from a need to blame other groups for our
present misfortunes according to the
Answer
a. bandwagon hypothesis.
b. maladaptive gullibility hypothesis.
c. scapegoat hypothesis.
d. just-world hypothesis.
3. Question Davis has such an intense, irrational fear of clowns that he
cannot take his daughters to see the circus when it is in town. Davis would be
most correctly diagnosed as suffering from
Answer
a. obsessive-compulsive
disorder.
b. posttraumatic stress
disorder.
c. panic disorder.
d. a phobia.
4. Question Adena looks on the bright side of life. When a situation is not
going well, she is able to bring to light something positive. This is known as
Answer
a. pessimism.
b. self-enhancement.
c. rumination.
d. optimism.
5. Question What mood disorder is characterized by alterations between
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Introduction to Psychology Final Exam
periods of extremely high levels and extremely low levels of activity?
Answer
a. A manic episode
b. Major depressive disorder
c. Bipolar disorder
d. Seasonal affective disorder
6. Question ________ suggests that we start with a small request before
asking for a bigger one.
Answer
a. The door-in-the-face technique
b. The foot-in-the-door technique
c. The low-ball technique
d. The bait-and-switch technique
7. Question Drawing conclusions about a person, group of people, or situation
prior to evaluating the evidence is known as
Answer
a. prejudice.
b. discrimination.
Ic. n-group bias.
d. adaptive conservatism.
8. Question ________ is the tension, discomfort, or physical symptoms that
arise when a situation strains the ability to cope effectively.
Answer
a. Stress
b. Fear
c. Anxiety
d. Stimulator
9. Question During which of Piaget's stages does a child demonstrate the
ability reason about abstract ideas and novel information?
Answer
a. Concrete operational
b. Preoperational
c. Sensorimotor
d. Formal operational
10. Question Major changes in sleep patterns, weight level, and feelings about
one's self-worth characterize
Answer
a. social anxiety.
b. major depressive disorder.
c. agoraphobia.
d. schizophrenia.
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Introduction to Psychology Final Exam
11. Question Research suggests that stress-producing events are
Answer a. less likely to affect residents of rural areas or nonindustrialized
countries.
b. more likely to affect people living in urban areas and developed
countries.
c. universal.
d. Both B and C are correct
12. Question An attitude
Answer a. includes an emotional component.
b. is a conclusion regarding factual evidence.
c. predicts behavior reasonably well.
d. All of the above
13. Question When her older brother hides behind the sofa, Carmen looks
behind the sofa to find him. Carmen has developed
Answer
a. conservation.
b. assimilation.
c. object permanence.
d. equilibration.
14. Question When we experience an unpleasant state of tension between
two or more conflicting thoughts we are experiencing
Answer
a. cognitive dissonance.
b. implicit egotism.
c. self-monitoring.
d. maladaptive gullibility.
15. Question Which research method is most suitable for studying
factors that influence behavioral change over time?
Answer
a. Crosssectional
b.
Longitudinal
c. Cohort
d.
Correlational
16. Question John is the type of person who wants everything done perfectly
the first time. When playing a game, he feels like he must win. He is easily
provoked to anger, but he is also readily ambitious. Based on these traits, John
must be a
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Introduction to Psychology Final Exam
Answer
a. Type B personality.
b. Type D personality.
c. Type T personality.
d.Type A personality.
17. Question Helping others for unselfish reasons is called
Answer
a. altruism.
b. egoism.
c. influentialism.
d. situationalism.
18. Question The symptoms of ________ are often mistaken for those of a
heart attack.
Answer
a. panic attack
b. posttraumatic stress disorder
c. obsessive-compulsive disorder
d. generalized anxiety disorder
19. Question Which of the following parenting styles is associated with
the most favorable outcomes for children?
Answer
a.
Authoritative
b.
Authoritarian
c.
Permissive
d.
Uninvolved
20. Question Formal operational thinking is likely required to successfully
resolve Erikson's
Answer
a. initiative versus guilt crisis.
b. identity versus role confusion crisis.
c. autonomy versus shame and doubt crisis.
d. trust versus mistrust crisis.
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Introduction to Psychology Final Exam
21. Question Authoritarian parents are ________ disciplinarians and they are
________ with punishment.
Answer
strict; slow
lenient; slow
strict; quick
lenient; quick
22. Question Jean Piaget is best known for his pioneering work in the area of
________ development.
Answer
social
cognitive
identity
psychosocial
23. Question Social psychology is best defined as the scientific study of
Answer
a. sociology.
b. social influence.
c. deviant behavior.
d. groups.
24. Question Victims of sexual assault may experience strong stress
reactions, intense anxiety, and flashbacks to their attacks from environmental
cues that remind them of being attacked and helpless. If these become
frequent, intense, and debilitating the person may be diagnosed as suffering
from
Answer
panic disorder.
generalized anxiety disorder.
social phobia.
posttraumatic stress disorder.
25. Question The emphasis on group unanimity at the expense of critical
thinking is called
Answer
deindividuation.
conformity.
groupthink.
obedience.
26.Question Menopause refers to
Answer a. the end of the menstruation period in late adulthood.
b. the loss of sexual potency in late adulthood.
c. the loss of sexual interest occurring in late adulthood.
d. the onset of puberty in early adulthood.
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Introduction to Psychology Final Exam
Question 27. The difference between conformity and obedience is
Answer a. conformity is the result of inoculation while obedience is the
result of fear.
b. nonexistent since there is no difference.
c. conformity occurs to most anything while obedience is
unquestioning devotion to a single cause.
d. conformity is influence from peers or colleagues and obedience
is influence from authority.
Question 28. The presence of at least two distinct personalities is
characteristic of
Answer
a. dissociative amnesia.
b. schizophrenia.
c. dissociative identity disorder.
d. antisocial personality disorder.
Question 29. According to Piaget, egocentrism involves
Answer a. the perception that others view the world differently than you do.
b. the perception that others view the world as you do.
c. the perception that you might be incorrect in your judgments.
d. the perception that things exist even if not picked up by your
senses.
Question 30. At a crowded park Kayla sees an old man clutching his heart and
stumbling. If Kayla assumes that someone else will help the old man, she is
experiencing the phenomenon known as
Answer
a. evaluation
apprehension.
b. social loafing.
c. diffusion of
responsibility.
d. pluralistic
ignorance.
Essay questions below, please follow the
instructions at the beginning of the test.
31. Question Describe the three personality types.
32. Question What is the bystander effect? Discus why bystanders either
intervene or don't intervene when a person needs help.
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Introduction to Psychology Final Exam
33. Question What is nature versus nurture? Describe something you think is
part of your nature and something that is part of your nurture.
34. Question Identify and discuss important considerations in distinguishing
between normal and psychologically disordered behavior.
35. Question Discuss something you learned this semester that surprised you,
please be specific in your response.