World History Slide Lecture World War I
Causes of the World War I
 Europe at its Peak
o _________________________________ at its peak
o Europe had ________% of the worlds _________________-highest
percent of any time in history
o _____________________ led to a sense that _________________ were at
the peak of world Civilization
 ______________ Tensions
o European nations ___________________ for __________________
 ______________________________
o Glorification of _____________ and an increase in military spending
o __________________ competed against England’s naval superiority
 ______________________________
o ___________________ in one’s country or aspiring to _____________
one’s own country
o _______________ and ____________ had only recently become
_____________, independent countries
o Many countries _________ by tensions of different __________________
groups
o Combined with ______________________ and ________________
competitions, this increased __________________ in Europe.
 The ______________ of __________________
o Web of ______________ to protect themselves
o Triple Alliance (Central Powers): ____________________,
_________________, and ___________________________________
o Triple Entente (Allies): ________________, ________________, and
_______________________________
War Breaks Out
 __________________ in the Balkans
o People with diverse religions, ethnic backgrounds and languages
o As _________________ Empire declined, new nations were born.
o ____________________ and Austria-Hungary ______________ for
control of the new nations
o Austria-Hungary annexes ______________ in 1908 and ____________
resents this
 The Assassination of the Archduke
o Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria visited Bosnian capital on June 28,
1914
o ______ assassins from the ___________________, a Serbian Nationalist
group, plot against him
o ______ year old Garvrilo Princip, _________ the Archduke and his wife
 Austria-Hungary’s Ultimatum
o __________________ gave “blank Check” of Military support to AustriaHungary
o Austria-Hungary’s severe ultimatum to Serbia
o _______________ refuses to let Austria-Hungary’s __________________
run an investigation in Serbia
o Austria-Hungary _________________ war on Serbia on
____________________
 The ______________________________ leds to War
o __________________ supports Serbia and ____________________
supports Austria-Hungary
o Within one week, almost all of Europe Plunged into War:
 _______________ declares war on _______________ &
________________
 _______________ declares war on _____________________
 Powder Keg
Alliances and Fronts of the War
 The Alliances
o Triple Entente: ____________________, France, _____________ and
Belgium
o Central Powers: _____________, Austria-Hungary, ______________ and
Ottoman Empire
 The Western Front
o ___________________ tried to take France _________________ in the
Western Front and the ___________ to fight _________________
o Instead, ___________________ formed in ____________________
France and changed ______________
 ___________________ along the Western Front
o ___________________, __________________ battles: ____________680,000 casualties; ________________-over 1 million casualties
 The Eastern Front
o __________ of ____________ technology caused _____________
enormous defeats
o ____________ signed with revolutionary government in Russia___________________________________________
 The Balkan Front
o The Allies ____________________ attempts to land in
________________ after losing
 The Italian Front
o ___________________________ joined the Allies (Triple Entente) in
___________ and fought Austria-Hungary
New Weapons Used in War
 The Machine Gun
o Modern industry replaced the single-fire, short range rifle
o ________________ machine guns fired __________ round per second at a
distance of ________________ yards
 Artillery
o Greater power and carried much further
o _______________________ shells used in the Battle of Verdun alone
 Weapons of the Industrial Age
o _________ different types of _________________ bombs used
o __________________________
o ________________
o ________________________
 Casualties of Modern Weaponry
o Tactics of sending masses of men toward enemy didn’t work against
______________ __________________
o _______________ suffered 57,470 casualties on the ______ day of the
Battle of the ____________
o __________ losses for World War I exceeded
________________________
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The reality of Soldiers Lives
_________________ fever
Many Europeans _______ ___________ to war at the start
____________ change
Soldiers ______________ Europeans optimistic fervor through ___________
about the horrors of war
The Bitter Truth: ________________ ____________________
o Wilfred Owen (1893-1918 died a week before war ended
o “Dulce Et Decorum Est”
o Siegfried Sassoon
The ______________ _____________
No _____________ or Heroes’ welcome after the war
Trench Warfare
 The Race to the Sea
o ________ miles of ___________ were dug across northern France
o ___________ troops used over _______ million shovels during the war
 Life in the Trenches
o Charging ___________________________, crossing no _________’s land
to reach enemy trenches
o __________, terrifying and caused ____________ ___________
o _______________ living ____________________
Effects of the War on the Home Front
 Mobilizing for Total War
o Civilians back home made ___________ sacrifices
o ________________ ________________ industries, rationing
 New Jobs for _____________________
o Worked in Jobs traditionally held only by men, who were at the front
o Number in ________ employment rose by _______________ one
_______________
o Work in ____________________ organizations to support soldiers at front
o Paid __________ than men for ____________ work
o __________________ and __________ work provided better __________
and working hours than ______________________ jobs
 Women’s Changing Role
o ___________________ discovered the ___________ of financial
autonomy and ______________ mobility
o Some ____________ to return to domestic service
o ___________________ won the right to _______________ throughout
Europe
o _____________________ ____________________ reflected Europeans
repugnance for war
The Paris Peace Conference
 Peace of __________________
o Leader of the Allied and __________ powers met at the Palace of Versailles
o President __________________ 14 Points supported self___________________ for all nations and a __________ peace
 Peace of __________________
o ____________ and _______________ wanted territory
o ____________ wanted to punish Germany
o Italy and __________ ______________ left, leaving peace settlement to
France and Britain
 Treaty of Versailles with Germany
o France and Britain created a severe treaty that punished Germany
o Germany had to:
 _________________________________________________________
 _________________________________________________________
 _________________________________________________________
 _________________________________________________________
 The New Europe
o Treaties similar to Germany’s signed with other Central Powers
o Many countries experienced a change in borders
o Bulgaria, Austria-Hungary, Germany and Russia lost territory
o Many New Countries were created