SOUR GAS
CORROSION IN
THE OIL & GAS
INDUSTRY
TO: DR. ASHLEY CAUSTON
RE: CHEM 409 CORROSION PROJECT – GROUP 12
DATE: NOVEMBER 3, 2009
FROM:
EVAN KIMICK
ANDREW RICHARDS
KEVIN LOU
CALVIN GEE
Kimick E, Richards A, Lou K, Gee C
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Abd El Haleem SM. 2008. Electrochemical behaviour of iron in alkaline sulphide
solutions. Corrosion Engineering, Science & Technology. 43(2):173-178.
The author of this article describes how hydrogen sulphide corrosion affects the
petrochemical and oil/gas industry. The purpose of this article is to outline the
behaviour of iron in varying concentrations of NaOH solution (produced by adding a
caustic soda to overcome H2S corrosion), as well as the increase of S2- ions through
cyclic voltammetric and galvanostatic measurements. The author gives a detailed
analysis of the electrochemistry for multiple iron/hydroxide reactions, effects of
iron ion films, and oxidation and reduction reactions on the anode and cathode,
respectively. The author’s analysis is valuable for our project because it directly
correlates corrosion processes caused by H2S with respect to iron alkaline solutions.
Frolova LV, Kazanskii LP, Kuznetsov YI, Tomina EV. 2008. Inhibition of Hydrogen
Sulfide Corrosion of Steel by Catamin AB. Protection of Metals. 44:692-697.
This report summarizes experimental data, which shows that Catamin AB (a
quaternary ammonium compound, QAC) may be used as an effective inhibitor to H2S
corrosion of steel. The experimental data presented shows that Catamin AB is
effective in slowing down the corrosion of steel by H2S. This is an important
advancement for the oil and gas industry, where the corrosion of pipelines from H2S
is a major issue. The authors’ research has provided an innovative solution to the
issue of H2S corrosion in pipelines, and they have provided us with an in depth
understanding of the chemistry behind QAC inhibitors.
Kudryavtsev DB, Panteleeva AR, Yurina AV, Lukashenko SS, Khodyrev YP,
Galiakberov RM, Khaziakhmetov DN, Kudryavtseva LA et al. 2009. Polymeric
Inhibitors of Hydrogen Sulfide Corrosion. Petroleum Chemistry. 49:193-198
This article describes how different aggregation properties of polymers may affect
the inhibitory activity of H2S and CO2 corrosion of iron. Through this article, the
author exemplifies how the radii of the polymer aggregates and the critical
concentrations of polymers are determined through provided experimental data.
This article is valuable as its result shows that polymers at a concentration of 1025mg/L would have a high inhibiting activity in H2S corrosion of iron.
Moran P, Natishan P. 2001. Corrosion and Corrosion Control. In: Kirk-Othmer
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Kimick E, Richards A, Lou K, Gee C
Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 7:796-819.
Moran and Nitshan’s article on Corrosion and Corrosion Control provides a brief
introduction of concepts necessary to understanding corrosion and the corrosion
industry. The authors describe general concepts of electrochemistry that pertain to
corrosion, and provide various methods of corrosion prevention including cathodic
protection and the implementation of inhibitors. This article also explains the
environmental impacts that are associated with corrosion, and helps illustrate the
importance of corrosion within society. This article provides us with a broad
understanding of corrosion chemistry and the corrosion industry, which will aid us
determining the necessary factors to consider in subsequent research.
ObaniJesu EO. 2009. Modeling the H2S Contribution to Internal Corrosion Rate of
Natural Gas Pipeline. Energy Sources, Part A. 31:348-363.
ObaniJesu explains H2S corrosion in natural gas pipelines through a societal context
by briefly describing the environmental aspects associated with natural gas
pipelines damaged by corrosion. The article also provides a description of the major
factors that affect the rate of corrosion (i.e. pH, wall shear stress and fugacity). The
author then develops a model for predicting the rate of internal corrosion in a
pipeline. This has helped in understanding the key factors related to corrosion, and
how corrosion damage may be minimized. The model provided by the author has
given our research a theoretical base from a thermodynamic perspective.
Ramirez E, Gonzalez-Rodriguez JG, Torres-Islas A, Serna S, Campillo B, DominguezPatino G, Juarez-Islas JA. 2008. Effect of microstructure on the sulphide stress
cracking susceptibility of a high strength pipeline steel. Corrosion Science.
50(12):3534-3541.
This article describes the sulphide stress cracking (SSC) process for three different
microstructures of a high strength microalloyed steel through a slow strain rate
testing technique. The corrosion rate, number of hydrogen atoms, and percentage
area reduction of a carbon-manganese steel with nickel, copper and molybdium
microalloys were determined for a variety of increasing temperatures. The
martensitic microstructure was the most susceptible to SCC at all temperatures and
the ferritic microstructure was only susceptible to SCC at twenty-five degrees
Celsius. This article is very valuable as it provides basic electrochemistry, hydrogen
permeation measurements, and a discussion related to hydrogen embrittlement as a
key mechanism for SCC, one of the most common and detrimental forms of H2S
corrosion.
Wibowo AY. 2009. Marine and Oil & Gas Piping Construction: Predicting Pipeline
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Kimick E, Richards A, Lou K, Gee C
Corrosion [Internet]; [Cited 2009 November 1]. Available from:
http://pipemarmech-construction.blogspot.com/search/label/Corrosion
This blog describes how the “Predicting Pipeline Corrosion” model (windows-based
program) was developed. The phase IV market version of this program is capable of
accurately predicting the corrosion rate with different parameters. This blog also
describes the effects of CO2 and H2S on the corrosion rate. Also, some other
parameters that may have big impact on the corrosion rate such as wettability and
phase-equilibrium calculations are also analyzed in this blog. Overall, this blog
illustrates that there are both thermodynamic and chemistry properties that must
be taken into consideration when researching and analyzing the effects of corrosion.
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