POL105
Lecture 10
2.11.98
Unfinished business from Lecture 9
I.
Review (see lecture 9 notes –
http://www.sv.ntnu.no/iss/scott.gates
A. Private goods – rival & excludable
B. Public goods -- non-rival & non-excludable
C. Common Property Goods
– rival & non-excludable
D. Coordination Goods -- non-rival & excludable
II. Collective Action Problems
A. Free-rider problems – public goods
B. Common property problems
C. Externalities
III. Solving Collective Action Problems
A. Entrepreneurs & Hegemons
B. International Organizations & Institutions
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Lecture 10
2.11.98
C. Bargaining – mutual interest
D. Repeated Interaction
– costs of not cooperating rise over time
IV. Overview of dominant IR theories
A. Show overhead from Knutsen p. 258
B. Key concepts for each paradigm
1. Realism
a. Power
b. nation-state
c. security
2. Rationalism – Liberalism
a. issue areas & non-fungible power
b. nation-state plus other actors
c. international cooperation & coordination
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3. Radicalism – Revolutionism
a. economic power
b. class / center-periphery
c. inequality & exploitation
C. Summary of Modern Perspectives of
International Relations
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Lecture 10
2.11.98
Post-Modernism/ Post-Structuralism/
Post-Revolutionism
I.
1980s & 1990s
A. Difficulties with contemporary history
B. The Information Age
1. post-industrial society
2. shift from a manufacturing to a service economy
a. computer software, accounting, lawyers
b. McDonalds & Burger King
3. Information
– computers
– telecommunications
– the web
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C. Globalization & Globalism
1. A Global Village -- international travel
2. Telecommunications & the Web
3. Growth of International trade & finance
 focus on international finance
 opening of capital flow restrictions
 stock market internationalization
 international banking
D. Consequences of Globalism
1. The techno-optimists -- Liberals
2. The techno-pessimists – Luddites & Radicals
3. Technological neutrality
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Lecture 10
2.11.98
II. Post-structural / Post-modern Perspectives in
World Politics
A. Many varieties of post-modernism – general
overview
1. Nietzsche
a. Skepticism about human reason & morality
b. No universal truths
c. world views -- good & bad social contexts
d. role of power in shaping what is good & bad
2. Wittengenstein
 rules & language (discourse analysis)
 action & structure are mutually
constituted in the practices of a society
(feedback)
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3. Quine
a. analytic/synthetic distinction
xy
 bachelor  unmarried man
 ungkar  ugift mann
4. Habermas
 communicative action – coordination of
actions not to achieve desired outcomes,
but through acts of reaching an
understanding.
 Reaching an understanding
(verstandigung) (forståelse) =
reaching an agreement (einigung)(enighet)
 Importance of speech and action in
reaching an agreement -- communication
5. Foucault
 relativism – insanity – what is insane?
 Focus on power
 The Order of Things
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6. Derrida
 Antonyms
 opposites
 scientific / non-scientific
 scientific / historical
 scientific / philosophical
 scientific / literary
 defining what is not
 there is nothing but the text
 textual analysis -- deconstruction
start here 9.november.1998
B. Archaeology of Knowledge
1. Foucault
– focus on power, institutions impose power
2. Knutsen
-- excavate a site of knowledge
C. Genealogy
1. Genealogy
a. history is genealogy – history is a product of
where we have been before – events beget
events
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2.11.98
b. genealogy provides an understanding of
historical causation
2. Der Derian
a. genealogy of diplomacy
b. an understanding of alienation and
estrangement (entfremden & entäusserung)
(fremedgjørelse & beslagleggelse??)
D. De-construction / semiotics
1. Derrida
-- reverse the hierarchy and undo pairing
2. Ashley
-- deconstructing Waltz
E. Constructivism
1. Relativism vs. Empiricism
a. Relativism
b. Empiricism
c. Paradigmatic ambiguity
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