A Temuan-English-Malay Lexicon
Contributed largely by the people of Ulu Serendah, Malaysia, principally by
Jalil Mohamad, and organized by a village visitor.
----------------------------------------------------------------The Making of a Lexicon
Over 25 years ago, an American geneticist decided that to understand
some basic attributes of a population's genes, she should live in a village of
the people she was studying. As it happened, this decision was to provide
unexpected insights into genetic processes, because of the occurence of
malaria-resistance genes. And just to confuse the resident geneticist, over
30% of the children in the population were eventually found to be adopted away
from their biological parents by village neighbors or relatives.
I was that geneticist. I once lived for a year among the Temuan of
Selangor state in West Malaysia. There are perhaps 16,000 Temuan in the world
today. They are one of the 18 or so ethnic groups in West Malaysia that are
recognized as "original people" (Orang Asli).
Since fieldwork in genetics among the Temuan allowed for time to learn
something of their culture, language, and enjoyments, I readily did so. In
particular, among the many people in one Temuan village who helped me with the
language, Jalil Mohamad contributed the most. Indeed, this lexicon would not
have been possible without his guidance and patience.
Among non-Temuan who have urged the completion of this project, I owe a
singular debt to Colin Nicholas, the coordinator of the Center for Orang Asli
Concerns.
This lexicon is for the Temuan, in gratitude for their friendship,
understanding, and hospitality.
A. S. Baer
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon, USA
Abbreviations used:
A.: Arabic
B. Lanj.: Bukit Lanjan Temuan
Dentan: R. K. Dentan. The Semai: A Nonviolent People. Holt, Rinehart,
and Winston, New York, 1968.
Eng.: English
G+T: J. D. Gimlette and H. W. Thomson. A Dictionary of Malayan
Medicine. Oxford University Press, Kuala Lumpur, 1971.
Indo.: Indonesian
Jav.: Javanese
KKB: Kuala Kubu Baharu Temuan
M.: Malay
MM: W. Skeat. Malay Magic. (Originally published by Macmillan, London,
900; reprinted by Dover, New York,1967.) Page references refer to
the Dover reprint.
Pah.: Pahang
Pk.: Perak
S+B II: W. Skeat and C. Blagden. Pagan Races of the Malay Peninsula.
Vol. II. (Originally published by Macmillan, London, 1906;
reprinted by Frank Cass, London, 1966.) Page references refer to
the 1906 edition.
Ser.: Ulu Serendah Temuan
sing.: singular
sp. or spp.: species (of animals or plants)
Skr.: Sanskrit
syn.: synonym
Notes on pronunciation:
heh, keh, teh, etc., are pronounced hay, kay, tay.
A
A
A
A
abun
ridge of house.
acha
condiments, pickled food.
achah
A
A
(M., perabong rumah)
wish, intention.
(M., achar, sambal)
(A., hajat)
achi true, agreed. Nyap betul, untrue, is the same as nyap achi.
achi, both sides (game contestants) agree. (M., achi, patut)
achot
achu
achuh
adah
A
ouch! oh! (Also achu, hachoh.)
Dua belah
(M., adoi, amboi)
(See achot.)
to try, attempt.
to have.
(M., achoh, choba)
(M., ada)
adat following a certain custom. (Also hadat.) Nyap beradat, not according
to custom. Adat berbini, marriage customs. Adat besah, the rules for paying
certain wedding expenses. Adat betina sama jantan, pre-wedding customs. Adat
duit, to pay a fee in accordance with custom; in the 1970's a prospective
bridegroom paid, usually at the minang to his mamak (father's older brother),
acting as wali (agent), the sum of 22.20 Malaysian dollars for a janda or at
least 44.40 for an anak dara, with the price being 88.80 for a batin's
daughter. Adat halus, engagement presents. Adat nikah, wedding customs.
Lebih adat, more customary. (M., adat)
adik
younger sibling.
(M., adek)
agak
to guess.
agas
a small, biting fly.
(M., agak)
(M., agas)
agog charm; talisman worn by children on a string around the neck to protect
them from evil spirits. (Syn., tangkal.) (M., agok?)
ajak
to come.
(Syns., datang, mai.)
(M., ajak)
ajal fate. It is possible to have an ajal of being killed and eaten by a
tiger. (M., ajal)
ajar
to teach, advise.
ajat
wish, desire.
(M., ajar)
(A., hajat)
ajih you (familiar, sing.).
Malacca.] (M., awak)
[S+B II, p. 733, ajih, you (sing.), Jakun,
ajok to mimic, repeat in provoking fashion.
(See anyok.) (M., ajok)
Hau di-anjok, don't mimic me.
aka root, vine. Aka labah, red sap ingredient in ipoh poison. Aka ulan, a
vine that grows in sandy soil (G+T, p. 274, reports this name is given to
various medicinal vines, most in the convolvulus family). Ubi tubers are also
called aka. (M., akar)
akai
stupid.
(M., sakai)
akal intelligence, common sense. (Also hakal.) Mula-mula beranak, adah satu
akal, beranak lagi, adah dua akal means that with her first child, a woman
gets one dose of wisdom and with later pregnancies gets another dose. (M.,
akal)
akan-akan
very similar to. Tulis Jepun akan-akan tulis China (Japanese
writing is very like Chinese writing). (M., akan-akan)
akhir-nya
akit
aku
in the end.
raft.
(M., akhir-nya)
(Also rakit.)
(M., rakit)
I, me, my. (-ku, when a suffix.)
akui-nya
alahai
to admit, confess.
gosh! whew!
alahai leteh
(M., saya, aku)
(M., lagi sedikit; senang-nya)
gosh, I'm tired!
(M., amboi rasa-nya)
objects in disorder; untidy.
alam
world.
(See also dunia.)
sign, omen; address.
alan kepalang
menyedang)
Who, me?
(M., mengaku pada-nya)
alai
alamat
Aku-teh?
(M., seperti barang tidak berkemas)
(A., alam; M., lapisan bumi)
(M., alamat)
miserly because of distrust.
(M., hati tidak berani; sedang
alas rainforest. O'ang alas, what Malays (from Java?) used to call Temuan,
that is, forest people (see also liah). Barang alas, forest products, which
are eaten by Temuan but "not by white people;" such food items are not pitied
(sayang) bu Temuan, unlike items in a ladang, because the former are not siap
makan (ready-to-eat) and because they kill people (such as ula, imau). (Jav.,
alas)
aleh
alo
moving.
(M., aleh)
riverbed.
(M., alor, lorong ayer)
amang
fine foreign matter in tin ore sediment.
amang
to threaten.
amat very.
sangat)
(M., amang)
(M., amang)
Lebih amat, or ma'hajin amat, too much.
(M., amat, terlampau
amih to take, get. Amih ayi, fetch (a container of) water.
borrow (see kepit, pinjam). (M., ambil)
amoi
(See moi.)
ampai, me'ampai
ampang
ampun
Amih sekejap, to
a dam.
miscellaneous.
(M., rampai)
(Also hempang.)
(M., empang)
to forgive, pardon.
(M., ampun)
anak child, offspring of animals. Anak dagah or anak dara, unmarried teenage
girl. Anak angkat, adopted child (see also nuhlah). Anak sebut, a person in
an offspring-like relation to someone, but not an anak angkat, who is a "real"
offspring. (See dal, gampang, gongul, tan.) (M., anak)
anchah
angan
hat, any headgear.
thought.
(Syns., igol, ikol, songkok.)
(M., songkok)
Angan-angan, to daydream (also hangan-angan).
(M., angan)
angin wind. Sakit angin, puffy edema all over body (also basal). There are
7 winds. Angin buah comes from the south; 3 to 4 months later trees are in
fruit. Angin puting beliong, a whirlwind or typhoon, only goes where there
are too many people; it kills half of them; but it does not come to Malaysia,
or particularly to Temuan villages, because the Temuan are too few; when one
sees small whirlwinds, they are the anak of typhoons that are searching for
appropriate places. The other winds include angin ribut, angin chalau (or
chalau gunting), angin berbini, and angin penyakit. Winds arise by the
opening of doors in the sky. (M., angin)
angin kelopak
an annual, three-day breeze.
angkat to lift up. (Syn., tating.)
nuhlah, tahi lalat). (M., angkat)
Anak angkat, adopted child (see also
angkit
to lift a light object.
(See also nating.)
(M., angkat)
angkud
to carry (versus punggal, to unload, and angkat, to lift).
angsuh to push in; close, as in closing a box of matches.
(M., tolak)
anjin
dog.
anjin segala
(M., bawa)
(Also tutup.)
(M., anjing)
red dog.
(Also kodoing.)
ankak
not sticking to a task.
ankap
to total.
(M., serigala)
(M., charian tidak betul)
(M., rankap)
ankin puffing and panting after mild exertion; difficulty in breathing;
asthma. (See penyakit lelah.) (M., nafas sesak)
antai
a chain; as a measure, 22 yards.
(M., rantai)
antok-antok that which produces the heart beat, said to be in a biji kechil
(a tiny spot) and not to be the heart itself. (The pacemaker of the human
heart is its sinoatrial node.) Three things can kill the pacemaker, and
through it a person: api, ayi, angin (fire, water, wind).
antin
twig.
(M., ranting)
anyok, sa-anyok
apah
what.
similar.
(Syns., sa-ajok, sakudi, supa.)
(Also apah-teh.)
Apah-ni?
What's this?
(M., sarupa)
(M., apa)
api fire. Tiop api, blow (restart) the fire; makan api, to burn. Bara api,
embers. A bonfire is rumbun; firecrackers are api munchong (M., merchun); in
Ulu Kuang, a volcano is called api nuwaka. (M., api)
apoh
well!
so!
(See also woih.)
asah to sharpen, grind, file. Batu asah, a whetstone (versus kiki, a file).
The front teeth of a bride and groom traditionally were sharpened during the
wedding ceremony. A pinang nut was put in the mouth to hold it open for this
operation. This sharpening was done because when one dies Tuhan gives people
a piece of bamboo stem to gnaw through, as a test; if the teeth have never
been sharpened (it is only neceessary to do it once), a person cannot gnaw
successfully and thus cannot pass on to the afterworld. (Teeth sharpening was
not done on children or bachelors because they lack family responsibilities.)
(M., asah)
asal
source, origin, original.
asap
smoke, fumes.
ashkar
a soldier.
(See awal.)
(M., asap)
(A., ashkar)
asik
fixated on doing something; absorbed.
asin
separate, foreign.
asmarah
(M., asal)
(See masing.)
love; sexual desire.
(A., asyik)
(M., asin, lain)
(Skr., asmarah)
asuh
to care for an infant.
(M., asoh)
atas
above, up, on top.
atap
woven palm fronds, used for roofing, etc.; attap.
atau
or.
awah
origin.
aweh
boasting, exaggerating.
ayah
father.
(M., atas)
(M., atap)
(Skr., atau)
(Also mula-awah.)
(A., awal)
(M., chakap besar)
Ayah-ti, stepfather.
Ayah pemudah, biological father.
Ayah
angkat, father by adoption.
(M., ayah)
ayi water; river. Ayi hujan, rain. Ayi hangat, boiling water. Ayi mata,
tears. (Chehu, waterfall; chega, rapids; lata, rapids; see also chenlim,
payou.) (M., ayer)
ayun
to rock, sway, swing.
B
B
babi
pig.
bacha
(Also hayun.)
B
B
Babi hutan, wild pig.
to read.
(M., ayun)
B
B
B
(M., babi)
(M., bacha)
badah sumbu Sumatran rhinoceros (M., badak sumbu). Badah simpan or badah
followed by chipan, murai, tampong, tenok, or tenuk are all names for tapir.
badan
the body.
(Also nyawa.)
(M., badan)
badi evil influence of a (killed?) animal. (See jemoi.) Those animals with
the most badi are elephant, rhinoceros, and tapir. (M., bahadi)
bagai
kind, variety, sort.
bagitu
(Tamil, bagai)
like that; that's the way.
(See also mimang.)
(M., bagitu)
bagi to give; for. (See also bah.) Bagi dua, to share equally in profits,
as when one party contracts to do work and the other owns the resources (such
as rubber trees to be tapped); to share justly in rewards (such as various
ethnic groups within the populace of Malaysia). Bagi anak, a case when the
working party gets less than half the profits and the resource owner gets
more.
bah
give (me)!
bahang
Bah aku siku, give me one.
(See barang.)
bahas
discussion; to discuss.
bahau
new. (Also bawu.)
bahu
shoulder.
bahubah
baik
(M., bagi)
(See tulang.)
(See oiyang.)
(A., bahas)
(M., baharu)
to move (household).
good.
(See bual.)
(M., bahu)
(Syn., pindah.)
(M., pindah, ubah)
(M., baik)
bain lying down. Bain mehing, to lie on one's side. Bain telentang, to lie
on the back. Bain telongkok, to lie on the stomach. (M., baring)
bais
one strand, row (of beads in a necklace, etc.).
Empat bais manek, four
strands of beads.
baju
(M., baris)
coat, shirt.
bakah
bakong
to burn.
(M., baju)
(See also beluoi.)
lymph glands in the neck.
(M., bakar)
(M., buah kelenjar?)
bakul large, widemouthed, closely-woven basket (not a back basket).
bakul)
balai
meeting room, building.
balan
jug, decanter.
balang
abscess, boil.
balang
cock's comb.
(See also pe'inka, perangan.)
(M.,
(M., balai)
(M., botol balang)
(Also bawah.)
(M., barah)
(M., balong)
balau to pare off (calloused) skin.
badan sedikit)
(See bayong.)
(M., membalaukan kulit
balik to return home; to leave. Balik-lah, goodbye. Hidup balik, to come
back to life. Sa-balik, backwards; a transposition of numbers, etc. (M.,
balek)
baling to hurl.
baling)
(Syns., benih, lening, punkan.)
(See hambang.)
(M.,
balu, memalu concerns an injunction against killing gibbons, because they are
human-like and calamity will result from the killing. (M., membunoh binatang
yang berbahaya halus; balu?)
balud
bandage.
(M., balut)
balun
(See ke'ung.)
banchah
apak?)
tasteless or off-tasting food.
(M., makanan gulai yang tidak sedap;
banchok
sprinkling, watering (plants).
(M., siram)
bangkai
carcass.
(M., bangkai)
bangkit to arise from sleep (see also jankot, mekok); to rise from the dead.
If a chicken, cat, or other animal jumps over a dead body before it is buried,
it can rise up; people must guard the body to prevent this happening. If the
body does bangkit, it will be very strong and flexible (like getah) and will
jadi hantu (become a spirit, eating people until it is satiated). (M.,
bangkit)
bangkong a wild, edible fruit, like nangka (jackfruit) (Artocarpus integer).
It is boiled to eat. (M., chempedak?)
bangku
bench, stool, chair.
bangsa
ethnic group (of humans); species (of animal).
bangsal
bani
any open-sided building.
tree buttress.
(M., bangsa)
(M., bangsal: shed)
(M., banir)
baning
a large land tortoise.
banjil
flood.
bansauh
(Portuguese, bangku)
(See also gila-bau, ku'ah.)
(M., baning)
(M., banjir)
(See son.)
bantai to butcher. To butcher monkeys correctly, in order to avoid kena
hukum, the undang (rules) require cutting around the neck, then down the front
(from neck cuts in the jugular vein area on each side) to the genital area.
The two front cuts make a "V." If the liver is undamaged, it should be
removed first, followed by the heart, lungs, and lower jaw. The head and
backbone are lifted out together. (M., bantai)
bantal
pillow; placenta, afterbirth (see also osonk).
(M., bantal)
bantas to cut through with a knife. (See kerat, tutuh.) (S+B II, p. 570,
antas rokok, to cut open, Central Pah. Sakai, Besisi.) (M., mengeratkan tali
dan akar dengan pisau)
bantil
tidor)
banting
possibly unconscious or asleep.
sleeping platform covered with a cloth.
bantok, putih bantok
Besisi.)
bantu
(M., seperti orang atau binatang
true white.
aid, assistance.
(See sokong.)
(M., bantu)
futile.
banyak
many; very (banyak kuat, very strong).
barah
barang
(A., batal)
embers, faggot.
abscess.
(M., banyak)
(M., bara)
(See also bisul.)
objects, things.
barat west.
(M., barat)
(M., juri?)
(S+B II, p. 758, biok, white of hair,
bantut
bara, bara api
(See pangking.)
(M., barah)
(Also bahang.)
(M., barang)
(Timo is east, but no Temuan words exist for north or south.)
basal puffy edema all over body with eyes bulging out; beri-beri (?). (Syn.,
sakit angin.) (See also langos and penyakit bosong, which is similar to
basal.) (M., basal)
basih
musty, moldy.
basin
to sneeze.
basoh
to wash (things).
basuh
wet.
batan
a rod, tree trunk; a classifier for pole-like objects.
batan bertam
(M., basi)
(M., besin)
(M., basoh)
(See geiyeh.)
(M., basah)
(M., batang)
the midrib of a bertam palm frond.
batan humut
(See humut.)
batan lihih
the neck.
batan tenek the tree that provides the tenek ingredient for ipoh poison.
(S+B volume I, p. 605, ternek, the ipoh tree, Belandas.)
batas
boundary.
(M., batas)
batin
Temuan headman.
(See also jenang.)
(M., batin)
batu stone, rocky hill. (See penyakit batu.) Batu bata, a brick. Batu
tungku, triangle of three stones in hearth on which to set cooking pots. (M.,
batu)
batuk cough. (Syn., mangah.) Batuk imau, a cough due to a tiger (imau
pakai) entering one's body as angin (wind). (See halimp, je'eh, mehak.)
batok)
bau any non-fragrant smell.
civit cat. (M., bau)
(See wangi.)
Bau tahi, the fecal smell of a
bau main rib of a palm frond, used as a fishing pole.
jeh'os.) (M., joran)
bawa
to bring.
(See balang.)
bawah
below, under.
new, fresh.
(See batan bertam,
(M., bawa)
bawah
bawu
(M.,
(M., bawah)
(Also bahau.) (M., baru, baharu)
bayah-bayah as big as. (Syn., besah-besah.) Tapak kaki bayah-bayah nieu,
lebih tapak kaki gasi, a footprint as large as a winnowing tray, even larger
is the footprint of the giant.
bayang
shadow.
(See hantu bayang.)
(M., bayang)
bayong to pare, as prickles from a pineapple.
balau.) (M., balau)
(Syns., melau, nabat.)
(See
bayuh, tulak bayuh
beahih
beai
to love.
fallen.
be'apa
beas
(See tulak.)
(See chatet.)
(See jatoh.)
how many, how much.
(M., berahi)
(M., terjatoh)
(M., berapa)
husked but uncooked rice.
(See nasi, padi.)
(M., beras)
bechelenko to rest the chin on the knee or arm; to sit with hands on knees
(?). (M., teleku)
bechin, pokok bechin one of 3 species of forest hardwood trees from which
jemalang can issue forth 10 to 20 years after the tree falls down and dies.
It has an edible fruit "like a tomato."
bedak
cosmetic face powder (made from rice flour).
(M., bedak)
bedalai to fall together, of a bunch of leaves. (Also nalai.) (If only one
falls, it is gugo.) (S+B II, p. 645, lai, la, leaf, Semang and Sakai.) (M.,
daun gugor)
bedeh to roast meat.
sateh)
bedengku
snoring.
(Syns., dedeng, pedeh.)
(See salai.)
(M., panggong,
(M., dengkor)
bedentung a "thunk" or "tung" sound. When heard in one's own ear, Tuhan
(God) is saying one's name in reading the book of human fate, when one will
die and with what sickness; then people say that (hantu) melikat mawat manggil
(the death spirit is calling) and they cry out not to let them die yet. (M.,
dentum: a booming sound)
bedenung
bedi
sound of a bird flying ("whish").
to stand up.
Bedi tegah, to stand stiffly erect.
(M., berdiri)
bediang, nediang to warm oneself by a fire or in the sun.
pedeh.) (See also jemoh.) (M., ganggang, diang)
be'entek a kind of human behavior or temperament.
(M., sa-jenis perangaian orang)
beg
(Syns., ganggang,
(Syns., sula, huwas.)
handbag, schoolbag.
begaduh
to quarrel.
(See also kelahi, nengkin, tengka.)
begandeh
shrivelled, shrunken.
beganyok
jesting, joking.
begelud
to want, to like.
(M., bergadoh)
(M., kechut)
(Syns., beguau, suka.)
(M., gelut, bergurauan?)
begempin starved, very hungry.
terlampau lapar.)
(Also bekimpin.)
(See lapa, se'ol.)
(M.,
begok Adam's apple; goiter(?). The Temuan have a story that buah lakomg (a
fruit) once stuck in a man's neck. (M., begok)
beguau
(See begelud.)
beguyang
to shake, sway.
(See also beguyat.)
beguyat to shake or sway slightly.
sedikit)
behadi
chestnut.
behketoin
behnang
bekal
to swim.
(See also getik.)
(See also bengkak.)
(M., berenang)
bag-lunch-like provisions.
bruise.
wrapper.
(M., bergoyang sedikit-
(M., berangan)
weals on the skin.
bekam, mekam
bekas
(See beguyang.)
chicken droppings and other ordure.
behangan
(M., bergoyang)
(Also pekal.)
(M., bekal)
(M., bekam)
(M., bekas)
beketing
wrinkled.
(M., berkedut)
bekimpin
(See begempin.)
beklahi
roar of a tiger; to argue loudly or have a fist fight.
beklang
to hit with a piece of wood.
beladi
belagur
bucket.
(See also belengong, pelat.)
(M., beladi)
a cock fight.
(M., sabong)
belah to split open (see also chempeh, pekih, pencheh, sengat); to part the
hair; side, as in belah ini, on this side. (M., belah)
belakang
belalai
belalang
back side of body.
elephant's trunk.
grasshopper.
Di-belakang, subsequently.
(M., belakang)
(M., belalai)
(M., belalang)
Belandas [Identified by some Temuan of Ulu Selangor as being the Selangor
Temuan, with the "true" Temuan living in Negri Sembilan.]
belang
a stripe on an animal.
belang chagau
forked stripes.
(M., belang)
(M., belang changgah?)
belangoh
(See longgoh.)
belanjah expenses; to pay for another's refreshments. Belanjah hangus,
expenses for food at a wedding. Didi belanjah aku, they paid for me. (M.,
belanja)
belantai
(See lantai.)
belat
large screen of bamboo(?).
belas
suffix for numbers 11-19; pity, sympathy (also kasihan).
belawang, melawang
belaya, memlaya
to fight.
to sail.
(M., belat)
(M., lawan)
(M., layar)
belempong
smooth, mellow voice (versus benchar).
belengong
to hit with a light object.
(See also beklang, pelat.)
beliong hatchet. (See rimas.) Angin puting beliong, whirlwind.
perdah, handle of the hatchet. (M., beliong)
belingko
to be coiled up, such as a snake.
belinang
immiscible, beaded up (as sweat on skin).
belok
to follow a path.
beludah
belukar
belum
secondary forest.
beluoi
belut
benar
(See also kuland.)
(M., dapat
(M., belum)
to singe an animal's fur before bangkai (butchering).
the swamp eel.
bemeting
benang
(M., linang)
(M., hutan belukar)
(M., belut)
belutai tatters, rags (unwearable).
hanchor)
benam
(M., lingkar)
(M., beludu?)
to incur embarassment (or shame?).
not yet.
Kayu
(M., belok)
a species of fish.
belukant
malu)
(M., belas)
(See buah.)
(See tunam.)
thread.
(M., benang)
accurate, true.
(M., benar)
(See besetai.)
(M., seperti pakaian
benchak
swampy.
(See also rawang.)
(M., benchah)
benchang
to cause trouble, as by taunting someone.
benchang
to distribute (things).
benchar
benchi
(M., bagi satu-satu)
shrill or rasping voice (versus belempong).
to hate.
(See onkai.)
(M., benchi)
benchop, menchop to enter (not used as a command).
II, p. 619, chok, to go, Besisi.) (M., termasok)
benda
thing, object.
bendera
bengah
demam)
(Skr., benchana)
a flag.
(See masok, naik.)
Benda panjang, snake (euphemism).
(S+B
(M., benda)
(M., bendira)
periodic absence of fever (as in a malarial attack).
(M., kurang
benges quick-tempered, fault-finding, cruel. The Temuan say some people are
characterized by benges, having uncontrollable flareups of anger, because
sitan has entered their bodies. (Syn., nyunga.) (See luong.) (M., bengis,
amok)
benguoh lonely, deserted. (Syns., bentong, bitong, guntang, kuntang,
song'oh, senyap, sunyi.) (See also longkas.) (S+B II, p. 688, hengioh,
silence, quiet, Semang.) (M., senyap)
benih to hurl a stick.
baling)
beni
(Syn., baling.)
(See also lening, punkan.)
(M.,
seed grain (M., beneh); a cutting for planting.
benkak swollen. (See also behketoin, bentat, binchol, bungka, sumbul, and
hantu jemoi.) (M., bengkak)
benkak-benkil condition in which the body is covered with bumps; beriberi(?). (Lenkok-lengkeh is used to describe a bumpy road.) (G+T, p. 19,
gives sakit bengkak-bengkak as the Malay name for beri-beri.)
benkok bent, curved. (See also bungkok, lengkod.)
the road has no curves. (M., bengkok)
benmit
(See hating.)
bentan
star.
Jalan nyap ada benkok,
(M., bintang)
bentan kibau wood sledge(?) for water buffalo to pull logs or to plow.
kayu penureh kerbau; bentang?)
bentang
relapse.
bentang, menentang
(M., bentan tikar)
to spread out.
(See also entang.)
(M., bentang)
(M.,
bentas, menentas
penjahit)
bentat
to open up sewn seams.
spots of a rash or of bites.
benteh, menteh
tight, taut.
(See also beuyit.)
(M., terbuka
(M., berbintat)
(M., ketang?)
bentok, mentok shape, things (a coefficient). Bentok pakaian China, the
shape of Chinese clothes. Bentok jalan, road-shape. (M., bentok?)
bentong
(See song'oh.)
benul supporting horizontal beam in building construction.
jejak, kasauh, tihang, tungkat.)
berah
pale.
berah
rested from sleep.
berahi
Dara ada berah, pale blood.
love; lustful.
(M., berah)
(Skr., berahi)
beranak to give birth. (Also bersalin.)
sunsang).. (M., beranak)
berani
courage; to dare.
Beranak nusong, breech birth (also
(M., berani)
berasa to have a liking for something or someone.
one enjoys. (Skr., berasa)
berat heavy.
berat)
berbini
to converse.
berchat nyawa
kerutu)
berdabung
berdaus
Kayu berat, hardwood.
Orang berasa, people that
Mata berat, eyes heavy; sleepy.
marriage (literally, taking a wife).
berburat
(See also halang,
(M.,
(M., nikah)
(See chakap, bual.)
scarred (literally, painted body).
(M., parut; badan yang
(See enkek.)
strong water current (versus tenang).
berdebah
debar)
state of shock or alarm.
berderam
shivers.
berderang
berdinking
(See buhbah.)
(M., terkejut, terperanjat,
(M., berderam: muscle stiffening)
first dawn.
(S+B II, p. 561, cherang, morning, Besisi.)
(See changking.)
berdua
the two of them.
berdusa
beret
to commit a wrong.
(Skr., berdusta: lying, false.)
a (plank) shelf.
berhawai
streaked face painting (as done by the Temiar).
berihat to rest.
(A., rehat)
Aku nak mandi, berihat, I want to bathe and rest (up).
bering, badan bering
berkejar
scrawny (body).
to run, chase.
berkingking
squatting.
berlak, mata berlak
(M., rinching)
(M., kejar)
(Also berdinking, changking.)
(M., changkong)
eyes rolled up (as if half dead).
bernapam
to submerge in water up to the neck.
berombak
rough water.
beros
(M., choreng muka)
(M., membenamkan)
(See ombak.)
(See chaim.)
beruang
Malayan sun bear.
bersalin
to give birth.
bersalin kain
(M., beruang)
(M., bersalin)
to change clothes.
bersama to marry; to sleep with (of man and woman) (also nikah be'uk).
(Syn., nikah.) (M., sama)
bersandar
to lean one's back on something.
(M., sandar)
bersawai
trance; trance (medium) curing ceremony.
bersenam
physical exercise.
(M., senam)
bersetai wearable ragged clothes.
berchetai-chetai)
bersilang-silang
(M., bersawai)
(See belutai, pechah-pechah.)
criss-crossed paths or roads.
(M.,
(M., silang)
bersilat ceremonial dance or fight with dagger or limbs as weapons.
bersilat)
bersiluh, dudok bersiluh
bersimpan
bertaboran
to sit with legs crossed.
to recall old times.
sown, scattered.
(M., bersimpan)
(M., bertaboran)
(M., bersila)
(M.,
bertuchang
a braid of hair.
bertunang marriage engagement period. Following minang, the suitor brings
belanjah (gifts) to his fiancee monthly for several months, until the nikah
(wedding) occurs. (M., bertunang)
berubah
to change, be altered.
(M., berubah)
besah big, large. Besah-besah, as big as (also bayah-bayah).
betung.) (M., besar)
besat
besi
hasty.
Makan besat, eating hurriedly.
iron, steel.
besi banni
besikal
besin
basin.
(M., pesat)
(M., besi)
a magnet.
bicycle.
(M., besi berani)
(From Eng.)
(From Eng.)
besioi atonal type singing. (See also telala, nyanyi.)
sioi, sihoi, to sing, chant, Besisi and Mantra.)
besipah
besit
(See also
trash.
(S+B II, p. 711,
(M., sampah)
(See samping.)
besiuh
(See leis.)
besompoh carrying a person on shoulders (as a bride or groom being taken for
a ceremonial bath during wedding ceremonies). (M., bersompoh)
besukui
(See itong.)
besungut
to mutter to oneself.
betampal
(See tampal.)
(See mamai, moloin, onchonk.)
betanang to visit or wander around.
bertandang)
betek, buah betek
papaya.
(M., rongot)
(See also mehado, menhagok.)
(See hantu kenait.)
(M.,
(M., betek)
betelako muddy ground, such as an area around a well or washing spot.
telako(?).] (Skr., telaga)
[Also
betempah to retain services, as of a midwife before the time of childbirth.
(M., betempah)
betemu
betik
to meet intentionally.
"batik" cloth.
(M., betik)
betinah
female, woman.
betis
calf, lower leg.
betul
true.
betung
(M., perempuan, betina)
(M., betis)
Betul-lah, very true (M., betul sunggoh).
large, of certain objects.
be'uang
Malayan sun bear.
(M., betul)
(M., betong)
(M., beruang)
be'uk the pig-tailed macaque monkey. Be'uk pakai is a spirit similar to imau
pakai. If a person has this monkey spirit in him, he is selalu kachau o'ang
(always arguing with people). By possessing this spirit, one can makan
semangat o'ang (cause the death of others), as long as Tuhan nyap peduli (God
does not concern himself in the matter). Possession of the spirit can be
passed down in a family, if upon the death of the possessor a descendent
dreams about a real be'uk. The spirit talks to its possessor in his dreams.
It eats only people and puchok lebak (the shoots of a monocotyledonous
flowering plant). It does not eat fruit. Possessors of this spirit do not
admit having it, for fear someone will mehakai (snatch it). If the possessor
is sick, he can cure himself with the help of the spirit by making the
appropriate medicine. (See tulang.) (M., berok)
beuyit
biah
to rip open.
let me.
biah-lah
(M., charek)
Biah basoh, let me wash it.
(M., biar)
never mind; thanks anyway.
biasa normal, ordinary. Nyap biasa, not accustomed to.
citizen who is not an official.
bibas
independent, free.
bibir
lips.
bichara
O'ang biasa, a
(M., bebas)
(M., bibir)
debate, judicial proceedings.
(Skr., bichara)
bidal a maxim. Maxims are often quoted during "court" proceedings, such as
in a divorce case. For example, gajah depan mata nyap tahoi, kumand seberang
laut tahoi means that a man does not see the problems in his own house but
knows the gossip about problems in the next village. Bual bidal, to talk in
maxims (as opposed to bual kasar); such talk is lebih adat (more customary)
for leaders to use. (M., bidal)
bidan midwife. Bidan tempah, midwife retained in advance for services at the
end of a pregnancy; the advance payment was 10.50 Malaysian ringgit in 1972.
Bidan tait, midwife service at birthing without advance notice; in this case,
the payment was 25.50 Malaysian ringget in 1972. (M., bidan)
bihah
biji
human feces (versus tahi); to defecate.
seed; (tin) ore grains.
(M., biji)
(See also mihah.)
bikin to build, make. Mengkuang bikin tikah, mats are made from pandanusleaf strips. (M., bikin)
bilah, sebilah
belantek)
to appoint (for example, a batin).
(See gelod.)
(M.,
bilah a spring trap with a sharp bamboo spear (for porcupine, pig, etc.) A
fence is built first, with a lobong (opening) in the middle in which beras
(rice) is put. The trap is constructed at that spot. (M., belantek)
bilah
when.
bilok, melok
(M., bila)
to turn a corner.
(M., belok, mengunan)
bimbang
worry; uncertainty.
binchol
swollen (flaring up fast).
binchu
lipstick.
bingah
noise, noisy.
(M., bimbang)
(See also benkak.)
(M., bengkak)
(M., ginchu: rouge)
Jangan bingah, don't be noisy.
(M., bingit?)
binging sunsang a place in the middle of the ocean that is the home of the
original hantu longsui; it has trees with many selimba (staghorn ferns). (MM,
p. 13, beringin songsong, an inverted banyan tree.) (M., sunsang: upside
down)
bingkas to release a tied-down sapling (in a jerat, a spring-noose trap).
(Syns., mingkas, ge'eding.) (See bilah, singkas.)
bini wife. Berbini, to take a wife. Angin berbini, see angin. Bini
pangkal, first wife. Bini hunjang, last wife. (M., bini, isteri)
binkok, minkok
crooked, bent.
(M., bengkok)
biol
a person who has no certain home; a wanderer; to wander.
bisa
venom, poison.
bising
(M., bisa)
(See bingah, mehinga.)
bisuk not listening. O'ang bisuk, one who does not listen.
an extreme case of not listening.
bisul
bitong
biula
a boil.
(See barah.)
Bisuk melampau,
(M., bisul)
(See senyap.)
violin.
biuwak a forest species of monitor lizard.
biawak)
(See also geriang, jawak.)
(M.,
biyau kelinchau
bocho
to stray between two paths.
to leak; a drip.
bochong
bodoh
(See also loicht.)
(M., bochor)
earthenware, hourglass-shaped jug.
(M., bochong)
(See tolol.)
bohong
to tell a lie.
(See nidai, opat.)
boleh
can; to be able.
bomoh
a medicine man or woman.
bongkok
bonkok
(M., termasok antara dua jalan)
Boleh jadi, maybe.
(M., boleh)
(See dukun.)
muscle swelling (causes itching).
humpbacked.
(M., bohong)
(M., bomoh)
(M., bongkok)
(M., bongkok)
bosong, penyakit bosong abdominal distention (as by eating too much salt)
with knees creaking when walking. Given this condition, one may not eat salt,
meat, or cooling foods such as timun (cucumber) but may eat fish, rice, and
heating foods such as durian. (M., busong)
botak
bald.
b'ronggeng
buah
(M., botak)
community dance.
fruit, nut, bean.
buah ampai kain
clothesline.
(M., ronggeng)
(M., buah)
small, red-pulp fruits that hang like clothes on a
buah bangkong
a fruit similar to jackfruit; must be boiled before eaten.
buah behangan
wild chestnut (Castanopsis spp.).
buah bemeting
a black fruit with oily contents.
buah bertam
a white-fleshed, sweet fruit, about one inch long.
buah betek
papaya.
buah betis
calf muscle.
buah chempedak
buah duku
buah jambu
(M., betek)
(M., buah betis)
a kind of jackfruit.
a common fruit.
buah gelimbing
buah hutang
(M., berangan)
(M., chempedak)
(M., duku)
star fruit (Averrhoa sp.).
a forest fruit that can cause nausea.
various rose-apple fruits.
(M., jambu)
buah je'eng
(See je'eng.)
buah keledang the fruit of a large forest tree (Artocarpus lanceofolia),
similar to jackfruit. (M., keledang)
buah kepang
a small, sweet, tough-skinned, tan fruit.
buah kelubi
the white-fleshed, somewhat sour fruit of a palm.
(M., kelubi)
buah kerdas [G+T, p. 123, the fruit (seeds) of a common leguminous tree
(Pithecolobium confertum) with pods that have an evil smell, like that of
petai.] (M., kerdas)
buah kuini
the curved mango.
(M., kuini)
buah kuku tupai a tree with small, hard-skinned fruit having sweet, grapelike contents (when ripe the skin is red).
buah lakomg the fruit that reputedly stuck in the male throat, producing
begok (so-called Adam's apple).
buah lara
a fruit like tampoi (?).
(S+B II, p. 730. lara, tampui, Mantra.)
buah lemak a sweet fruit with a center "like ice," produced by a plant below
ground level.
When one drinks water after eating this fruit, the water
tastes sweetened. This fruit is sought, according to legend, by the bu'ong
garuda (a mythical bird), which is now featherless. If the garuda found and
ate this fruit, it would grow feathers and come and eat up people.
buah lengong
buah limau
a green-skinned mango with red pulp.
lime, lemon, orange.
buah manchong
buah mangis
horse mango (yellow pulp).
mangosteen (Garcinia spp.).
buah mungkampas
buah nangka
buah pauh
(M., limau)
(M., manchong)
(M., manggis)
a large forest tree with fragrant flowers.
jackfruit.
(M., nangka)
a kind of sweet mango (Mangifera pentandra).
buah peching
the sweet fruit of a tall forest tree.
buah pelih
testicles.
buah pelam
a small mango.
buah perah
a forest tree with an edible bean.
buah petai
(See petai.)
buah ramai-pachat
(M., pelir)
(M., mempelam: mango)
a Baccaurea species.
(M., rambai)
(M., pauh)
buah rambutan gabong a wild, thick-skinned rambutan.
gabang, wild rambutan, Mantra.)
(S+B II, p. 690,
buah salal a sweet fruit with three segments, each with one large seed; the
skin is thin, red, and rough. (M., salak?)
buah sepam
a small mango.
buah tagarau
a fruit with red pulp.
buah tampang
a forest fruit (Artocarpus sp.).
buah tampeh
a forest fruit.
buah tampoi
a forest fruit (Baccaurea sp.).
buah tampoi kemoh
(M., tampoi)
a tampoi fruit larger than tongioh.
buah tampoi tongioh
inch in diameter.
buah tangkai
(M., tampang)
a brown-skinned, round fruit with red contents, about an
a bunch of fruit.
(M., buah tangkai)
buah temengok
a forest fruit that is eaten cooked; contains fibers and seeds.
buah tempaneh
to jackfruit.
the monkey-jack (Artocarpus sp.); a golden, sweet fruit similar
(M., temponek)
buah tepus tungku a wild, ginger-like shrub with edible fruits (?).
tepus: gingerwort)
buai
to swing (such as in a sleeping hammock).
(M.,
(M., buaian)
bual, behbual to converse. Bual bidal, to talk in literary allusions,
proverbs, and the like. (See bahas, chamol.) (M., bual)
buang to get rid of, throw away. (See champak, guchoh, hambang, julat,
keletok, limpa, lintong.) (M., buang)
buat, muat
to manufacture, make.
Nyap muat, can't (or won't) work.
buaya crocodile. (See tengilling.) Telo buaya, the eggs, which are edible
and found on stream banks. (M., buaya)
buaya guyang
buaya katak
the gavial.
(M., buaya menyalong)
a kind of crocodile with protruding eyes.
(M., buaya katak)
bubu to put, put away; to put on, wear (also letak, pakai, santak).
buboh)
bubu boiled; gruel.
bubuk, bubur)
Bubu kachang, pea gruel; bubu nasi, rice gruel.
(M.,
(M.,
bubuk a wood maggot. Bubuk bikin habu buloh, the maggots make dusty debris
in the bamboo. (M., bubok)
budak
child; children.
budi sayang
Budak main, a doll.
loving kindness.
budu
potbellied.
bued
female genital area(?).
buhan
(Skr., budi)
(M., berdus?)
(See also chani, kelintet, pantat, puki.)
weak body, lacking energy; feeble.
buhbah
(M., budak)
sound of the heart beat.
(M., nyawa tidak sihat)
(See berdebah.)
(M., berdebah)
buhul a jahat (evil) man who has about 100 wives (causes chalau?).
not sebu'uh.
bui
bubbles, froth.
bujang
bachelor.
This is
(M., bueh)
(M., bujang)
bujum small plaited bag for tobacco or the ingredients of betel quid.
also jabeh, selepak, sumpid.) (M., bujam)
(See
buka to open (see bentas, beuyit, bunka, lantih, longkok, onchih.); to turn a
page; to undress (syns., engkoh, sengkok, tehe'oh). (M., buka)
bukan
no, not so.
bukisah
bukit
buku
(M., bukan)
twisting and turning.
hill.
(See also kematang, teber.)
book; joint of body.
(M., bukit)
Buku lali, wrist.
(M., buku)
bukuk clotted. Dara bukuk, dark, coagulated blood; a person with this
condition has little strength. (M., beku: coagulated)
bulai
a ginger root.
(M., halia)
bulai-chehkong-jangau dried plant material worn on a string around the neck
of a child as a charm against illness.
bulan moon, month. Bulan haus, new moon (literally, thirsty moon). Bulan
stengah, half moon. Bulan penoh or bulan mentah, full moon. Bulan nyus,
waning moon. Bulan terang, clear moonlight. (M., bulan)
bulani rainbow at sunset(?).
rainbow, pelangi)
bulat
round, circle.
(See hantu mambang; see also gedau.)
(M., bulat)
(M.,
buloh
bamboo.
buloh betung
(M., buloh)
a sp. of large bamboo.
(M., buloh betong, buloh besar)
buloh minyak smooth, large bamboo, used for split-bamboo flooring and walls.
The bottom sections of this bamboo have chureng (light stripes).
buloh pinduh a rare sp. of bamboo that produces minyak sayang (loveattractant oil).
buloi
bulu
to singe animal befor butchering (from bulu).
body hair, feathers, fur.
bumahong
bohong)
to lie; false.
Bulu pipi, short sideburns.
(Syn., bohong.)
(M., bulu)
(B. Lanj. uses pelahang.)
(M.,
bumbong large bamboo-tube containers (6-7 feet long), used as water carriers.
(See also kanchong.)
bumi
the earth.
Dalam bumi, underground.
(Skr., bumi)
bunga flower, flowering plant; metaphorically, what first-born Temuan
children often lack and therefore die in childhood [because, like pokok
(trees), they must have bunga before buah (fruit)]. (M., bunga)
bunga api
fireworks.
bunga chepaka kubu white-flowered variety of a common urban tree; gardenia
(?). (Skr., chempaka: the champak tree)
bunga daun kua
bunga kayu lada
spidery white flower of a monocot.
hibiscus.
(M., bunga raya)
bunga kertas, bunga inggu a fleshy-stalked, leafless, fragrant plant; it is
burned for medicinal purposes, producing an incense.
bunga tepus
a red gingerwort.
bungka swollen, as of a bee sting or lymph gland.
eyes are swollen. (M., bengkak)
Mata sudah bungka, the
bungkas
depression in ground where an animal "nested."
bungkis
(See longkis.)
bungkus
bundle, pack (of cigarettes, etc.).
(See also umil.)
(M., bungkus)
bungkok bent over, leaning to one side (of trees, people).
(See also benkok, onkoi.) (M., bongkok)
bunglai
(Syn., chonong.)
leaves of this plant are used for tangkal (medicine); ginger
plant(?).
bungsu
(M., bongelai?)
the last of a sibship.
(M., bongsu)
bunka to uncover buried materials or to be so uncovered (as roots when a tree
is blown down); to open; to pluck out. (See buka, lunka.) (M., bongkas)
bunoh, munoh
bunting
to murder.
pregnant.
(M., bunoh)
(M., bunting)
bunyi noise, sound, music; reel of fishing rod.
a cracking noise. (M., bunyi)
bu'ong
bird.
(See lantang.)
Bunyi pekas,
(M., burong)
bu'ong chenderawaseh
a bird with bright plumage.
(M., chenderawaseh)
bu'ong chogonggongit a forest bird. If one hears its sound, it means that
hantu sebu'u is near and one must run away.
bu'ong enggang
rhinoceros hornbill.
(M., enggang)
bu'ong garuda a mythical eagle (see story under buah lemak).
bu'ong panggu.) (M., garuda)
bu'ong helang
an owl.
bu'ong hudang
kingfisher species.
(Also called
(M., udang)
bu'ong kuang
Argus pheasant.
bu'ong loyon
a small, green bird, insectivorous on trees.
bu'ong pipit
(M., pipit)
sparrows and other passerine birds; the scourge of rice fields.
bu'ong poyoh
barred bustard quail
bu'ong punai
the green pigeon.
bu'ong punggok
the hawk owl.
(M., kuang)
(M., punai)
(M., punggok)
bu'ong tiong
mynah.
bu'ong tebok
a sp. of small owl.
buroh
thunder.
burok
worn, shabby.
(M., puyoh)
(M., tiong)
(See also pateh.)
(M., guroh)
(M., buruk)
busuk smelly; soured (of milk).
(M., busok)
(See hampok, hanchin, melantong, sen'em.)
busut
ant hill.
butah
blind.
butan
button; to button up.
C
Sa-butah, the blind one (see hantu senyakala).
C
chabai
cha
(M., busut)
(M., butan baju; butan pakaian)
C
C
hot green or red peppers.
to try out, attempt.
(M., buta)
C
C
C
(M., chabai)
(Syn., chuba.)
chabang fork, main branches of tree.
(Syn., simpang.) (M., chabang)
(M., choba)
Jalan chabang dua, road intersection.
chabok the gooey sap (susu kayu) from the kemayan tree, burned as (pungent)
incense as a protective measure (1) when there is a chalau, (2) against hantu,
if people are staying in a house where someone died, (3) for sick people, and
(4) for dead people. A drop of the sap is stuck to the hair of newborns and
later some is enclosed in a cloth packet, worn around the child's neck, to
prevent demam (fever), sawan (convulsions), or sleeplessness.
chabut, nyabut
(See tuntog.)
chacha
chachah
to pluck out (for example, a tooth).
smallpox scar.
to stow away.
Chabut lai, to run off.
(M., chachar)
(M., chachak?)
chachan to become big and solid, as an elephant's foot is, because he was
always tendang bani (kicking his feet at tree buttresses), as told in cherita
kanchil (the mousedeer story).
chachat
a flaw, defect.
(M., chachat)
chaching worm, free-living or intestinal. Intestinal worms in children are
said to be caused by eating a lot of coconut and meat. (M., chaching)
chachong
chadar
chadong
a slip of the tongue.
a (sleeping) sheet.
(Hindi, chadar)
to hold, cradle in one's arms.
chahah diarrohea. Buah kerdas, buah je'eng, and buah perah have the smell of
diarrohea. (M., chahar)
chaham
chahaya
very salty.
(M., chukop-chukop masim)
light, sunshine; beauty.
(Syns., chaya, sina.)
(Skr., chahaya)
chahek
to peel, strip a piece of wood.
chaho ayi
a runnel in a ravine.
(See chala.) (M., kupas?)
(M., charok)
chahont to answer, retort. (Syns., ningka, tingka.)
to answer, Mantra, Malacca.) (M., jawab, sahut?)
(S+B II, p. 514, jahut,
cha'ih, nya'ih thin (of liquids). Susu cha'ih is thin milk (evaporated or
fresh), in contrast to susu pekat, sweetened and condensed milk. (M., chayer)
chaih, nyaih
(M., chari)
chaim
to look for, search.
(Syn., melayau.)
to get something in one's eye.
(See hawai, jampak.)
(Syn., beros.)
chakanh to swipe with claws extended (of felines).
tumpakk.) (See also nakar.) (M., menchakar)
(Syns., gampakk,
chakap to speak. (See chahont, chauked, hamun, huna, maki, mamai, moloin,
nalih, ningka, onchonk.) Chakap sa-balik, speaking using transposed
syllables. (M., chakap)
chala
wood which is easy to peel.
chalan, nyalan
(See chahek.)
to be afraid to venture.
(M., kayu semang di-kupas)
(M., tidak gamah)
chalar to split a sapling by wedging something (such as a knife) along its
length.
chalau various kinds of severe storms. (Syns., ibut, melebu.) They are
caused primarily by laughing at animals (including worms and grasshoppers) or
by other irreverence toward nature and can cause great destruction and death.
If a chalau comes, parents ask their children what animal they have been
laughing at; when they find out, they try to tangkal quickly. (S+B II, p.
768, chalau, storm, Besisi.) (M., ribut?)
chalenk, nyalenk to light a lamp or a small fire.
pasang.) (M., pasang api atau pelita)
chalint, nyalint
chuit)
to touch.
(Also cholint.)
(See chengoi, min'ang,
(See also nyentim, omet.)
(M.,
chaloi, nyaloi to not know the direction to go or the direction to point a
blowpipe. (M., seperti mana arah yang hendak di-tunjokkan)
chamba
aromatic, of leaves.
chambah
barely sprouting (of seeds, teeth).
chambai
wild sireh (betel vine) (Piper sp.).
chamchu
teaspoon.
chamdad
to stretch arms straight out.
(M., chambah)
(M., chambai)
(M., chamcha)
(Syns., chenkedink, chenkedand.)
(M.,
geledang)
chamol, nyamol taboo on conversation while hunting.
menchari binatang, tidak boleh berbual)
champak, nyampak
to throw down.
(M., bila orang
(See buang, guchoh, kinchih.)
champor
to mix, associate (with people).
chanang
a small gong.
(M., champak)
(M., champor)
(M., chanang)
chandi a kind of fish trap. Upright poles in a stream form a fence for a
wedge-shaped channel leading to a trap area (usually with a lean-to shelter
atop). (M., seperti jaring)
chandu
opium.
(M., chandu)
changgong interference, disturbance.
chaweh.) (M., gangguan)
changkap
to squat.
changkeh
a cup.
(Syns., kolang, sumpok, suntok.)
(Syns., changkok, nengkod, tengkod.)
(M., changkong)
(M., changkir)
changkep a skinny person who is squatting.
dudok berchangkong)
changking
squatting.
(Syn., berdinking.)
changkok
(See changkap.)
changkop
a fat person who is squatting.
(See changkop.)
(M., orang kurus
(M., dudok berchangkong)
(M., orang gemok dudok berchangkong)
changok to sit passively and silently; to meditate.
berbunyi)
(M., menong tidak
changong inability, or feeling of incompetence, to do some task.
yang tidak tahu; changgong)
chani female genitals (in general?).
puki.) (M., chena?)
chankol, nyankol
chan'og
minta)
hoe, mattock.
(See also bued, kelintet, pantat,
always asking for (something).
joining together.
chantek
pretty.
(M., chantek)
chantet
secret (untold) love.
brand of merchandise.
(M., kerja
(M., changkul)
chantam, nyantam
chap
(See
(See minta.)
(See sambong.)
(See beahih.)
(M., tiap-tiap hari
(M., chantum)
(M., menarohkan dendam di-hati)
Chap tangan, fingerprints.
(M., chap)
chapai
chat
to grasp, grab onto.
to print or draw.
chatok, nyatok
(M., chat)
to cut a tree with a knife.
chauked, menauked
chawat
(M., chapai)
inelegant speech.
(M., chakapan yang tidak elok)
loincloth (originally made of barkcloth).
chaweh, nyaweh to interfere (of children).
mengachaukan untok budak-budak)
chaya
(M., menarah pokok dengan pisau)
(M., chawat)
(See changgong.)
(M.,
(See chahaya.)
chebai, nyabai
watery blood.
(M., darah yang menjadi chayer)
cheda dry, cool feeling in mouth (when one eats buah je'ing or petai, for
instance). (Syns., cheha, chehing.) (M., chering?)
che'eng
affectionate.
(Syns., manja, onang, unan.)
chega
rapids.
chega
cautious (as fish are in taking the bait).
cheha
(See cheda.)
chehing
(See lata.)
(M., manja)
(M., chegar)
(M., chega)
(See cheda.)
chehko leaves of a certain bush used for tangkal (medication) of coldness,
etc. The bush is planted in villages and has thick leaves. (Syn., chehkong.)
(See also sedingin.) (M., pokok daun jampi)
chehkong
(See chehko.)
chehoi, nyehoi abundant trampling marks of animals.
bekas-kaki binatang)
chehu
waterfall.
(See also chega, lata.)
(M., terlampau banyak
(M., tempat ayer terjun)
chekai cause of itchy, scaly skin or ulcers on extremities. (Syn., chichai.)
(See kudis.) (S+B II, p. 640, gai, scabiness, Temiar.) (M., jari dan kaki
kena kudis)
chekek, nyekek
chekap pinggang
to scream.
(Syns., pekek, senet.)
(See yai.)
(M., pekek)
having hands on waist. (M., perchekak pinggang)
chekewa fourth ranking Temuan official.
jukrah, deputy chief, Jakun and Besisi.)
a batin)
(See also batin.) (S+B II, p. 557,
(M., juru kerah/jekera, assistant to
chekit
to choke (on soft food).
chelak
to wear eye makeup.
chelam
as usual; usually.
cheleh
to cut superficial slashes in fish before frying.
chelikep
chelim
skinny.
(M., chekek)
(See lengkak.)
(Also chelim.)
(M., chelak)
(M., biasa)
(M., terlampau kurus)
(See chelam.)
cheloi to eat (fruit and the like) and throw refuse away carelessly (refers
only to animals?). (See popeh.) (S+B II, p. 737, loi, to throw away,
Semang.) (M., binatang makan buahan bersepak-sepak)
chelontont
chelu
to stub one's toe.
to dip (as cloth for dying).
cheman
(M., chelup)
spirit in water which can make people sick.
chemas, nyemas
anxious, nervous.
(See hantu.)
(M., chemas)
chemat connection of two bamboos in a blowpipe. (S+B II, p. 538, chemat,
middle piece of inner tube of a blowpipie, Besisi; chemat, thick part of inner
blowpipe tube, Mantra.)
chembuhu
suspicious, jealous.
(M., chemburu)
chembul very twisted (of human body).
di-badan)
chemes to inspect (a new object).
barang tidak pernah jumpa.)
chemis
(M., seperti bengkak yang paling besar
(Also chemis, lemin.)
(See chemes.)
chempak
kerat.)
to cut off leaves of rotan (rattan) stems.
chempeh
to split a log.
chempua
abacus.
chemut
to accelerate (motor, etc.).
chenahak
(M., memegang
(See also belah, pekih.)
(Also nempak.)
(See
(M., belah)
(Chinese, chempua)
(M., memechut)
hollow in side of neck.
chendawan mushroom. Some species are used for sterility prophylaxis.
Chendawan besut, any edible variety. (M., chendawan)
cheneh to squint, peek through a small hole.
kechil)
(M., suatu memandang lobong
chengal any of a variety of trees that have a good soft wood.
meranti)
chengan, nyengan
chengal?)
chengang, nyengang
chengap
to stare upwards, as when very sick (or dead).
bewildered, surprised.
(M., kayu
(M.,
(M., chengang)
(See tenganga.)
chengkadok
(See sangkong.)
chengkelong
chengkuai
chengoi
(See chenkong.)
green-crested, agamid lizard.
to light a cigarette.
(See also chalenk, min'ang.)
chengyel disobliging, unfriendly.
penyiki.) (M., chengel, kedekut)
(Also chenyigel.)
(See also hamak,
chening a kind of python (ula sawa) that is said to be poisonous, in contrast
to the usual kind (ula sawa biasa). Since real pythons are not poisonous,
this may be a misnomer or a fictional python. (M., ular sawa bernama
chening?)
chenkeam
midwife.
a deposit, earnest money for services to be rendered, as by a
(M., chengkeram)
chenkedand
(See chamdad.)
chenkedink
(See chamdad.)
chenkerut
chenkol
flying gecko.
(M., chichak terbang)
(See tunam.)
chenkong sunken (such as eyes). (Also chengkelong.) Makan buah je'eng,
sakit perut, mata chenkong; when one eats je'eng, one gets a stomachache and
sunken eyes. (M., chengkong)
chenlim
thin layer of water running down a rocky hillside.
chentul heel of foot. (Tumit is the sole of the heel.) (S+B II, p. 640,
chentul, heel, Kenaboi; kenthul, heel, Besisi.) (M., tumit)
chenyigel
(See chengyel.)
che'oh
line.
the natural skin split that occurs in a ripe durian along the segment
chepat
rapid, quick.
Jam ajih chepat, your watch is fast.
(M., chepat)
chepeh
small plate.
cherau
a splashing sound.
cherek
teakettle.
chergah
(Also pi'ing.)
(M., cheper, piring)
(M., cherek)
capable, active (versus lemoi).
(M., chergas)
cherita story. Some of the Temuan favorite stories are cherita gasi-gasi,
cherita kanchil, cherita bu'ong garuda, and cherita badah. (Skr., cherita)
chermat to take care of, to respect.
child. (M., chermat)
chetek
very sweet.
chetek
shallow.
Chermat anak, don't mistreat your
(M., chukop-chukop manis)
(Also dengki.)
(M., chetek)
chetuh to hit a person maliciously and run.
dihol?)
cheyeng
(See yai.)
chichai
(See chekai.)
chichit
great-grandchild.
chikok
(Syns., dihol, tikil.)
(M.,
(M., chichit)
snake bite.
China, o'ang China.
chinchang
to mince.
Chinese.
(M., china)
(M., chinchang)
chinchin finger ring. Chinchin chinta-chinta (Skr., chinta, romantic love):
the fabled ring which gives the possessor anything he or she wants
immediately. (M., chinchin)
chindid, nyindid walking with buttocks in the air (as in lordosis).
punggang yang melambong ka-atas)
chingchik, chingchik lanak porcupine quill.
quill, Semang.) (M., duri landak)
chita
emotion, yearning.
chit-chit
chitok
(M.,
(S+B II, p. 736, chinching,
(Skr., chita)
noise of gritty scraping.
(See matok.)
chiun (go) over there; move over (versus chuan, far off). Moh chiun, go
ahead a little. (S+B II, p. 620, chun, go there, Mantra; p. 732, chiun,
there, Mantra.)
choam
precipitous, steep.
O'ang choam is "macham me'anah," that is, pining
away(?).
(M., churam)
chocho thick attap roofing (does not leak), as opposed to tarah.
519, atap chucho, a kind of palm, Mantra.) (M., chucho)
chohoh
sound of water being sprayed out.
chokai
a "storm" in the stomach, cramps (?).
chokanit
cholint
chomel
a red tick, parasitic on humans.
(S+B II, p.
(M., sengkenit?)
(See chalint.)
dainty.
chomod, nyomod
(M., chomel)
dirty of face.
(M., seperti muka yang kotor)
chong certain shrews or squirrels: used for the common tree shrew (M., tupai
muchong besar) and the pentail tree shrew (M., tupai akar malam). (S+B II, p.
723, chong, squirrel, Mantra.)
chong bunga
pipi merah)
chong gemu
naning)
red-cheeked ground squirrel.
shrew-faced ground squirrel.
(Also tupai puteh.)
(M., tupai
(Also tupai chulis.)
(M., tupai
chong tupai
three-striped ground squirrel.
chong-chong
warning bark of a dog.
(M., tupai belang tiga)
chonkai to lodge, of a sharp object. (Syns., chunking, ganching.)
sangkut.) (M., benda yang tajam melekat di-mana-mana.)
(See also
chonkok shovel, ladle. (Syns., nyonkak, sodok.) (S+B II, p. 722, chongkih,
spoon, Besisi; chongkoh, to scoop up, Besisi.) (M., sodok)
chonong leaning to one side.
(M., chondong)
chontin, nyontin
(Syn., bungkok.)
scrawl, scribble.
(See also chundong, onkoi.)
(M., menulis yang tidak tentu-tentu)
chontoh sample; example. (Also chuntoh.) There are indigenous peoples in
many places on earth because they are chontoh who got dispersed to their
present locations. When there was a mighty earthquake, it separated land
masses off of Malaysia (the place of human origin, according to the Temuan)
and thus separated the grandchildren of the original human male and female
pair. (M., chontoh)
cho'oh
(See sudut.)
chuah
to pour.
(Syns., jeho, tuntung.)
chuai
unimportant.
(M., chuai)
(See also simbah.)
(M., churah)
chuak receding hairline.
pulau)
(Syns., mahang, solan.)
(M., rambut berpulau-
chuan there (far off) (versus chiun). Jauh sini, situ, chiun, chuan: far
from everywhere. (S+B II, p. 735, chan, chyan, hither, Belandas, Mantra.)
chuba
(See cha.)
chuchi to wash. Chuchi tangan, to wash the right hand in a finger bowl
before eating a rice meal. (M., chuchi)
chuchil a roamer, wanderer; to roam restlessly. (S+B II, pp. 618-620, chub,
to go away, Semang; chuk, to go, Pangan; chok, to wander, Besisi.) (M., orang
tidak tentu dudok dan tidak tenu tempat)
chucho
shaved head.
(M., chuchor)
chucho stemless, forest understory palm (Calamus castaneus); its frond main
ribs are stripped to make strips to weave baskets. (See also lempet.)
chuchok to inject, pierce; to run a tali (cord) through attap roofing, etc.
(M., chuchok)
chuchu
grandchild.
chuhyit
chuit
(M., chuchu)
to bend down.
(M., tundok)
a playful tap with fingers; a nudge.
(M., chuit)
chukai
a tax.
(M., chukai)
chukar
vinegar; acetic acid (which is mixed with rubber latex).
chukop
enough.
(M., chukop)
chuland to pass through, of a sharp object.
(M., benda yang tajam menjadi lantas)
chulenk, nyulenk
chulung
streaks painted on face.
to sit without fidgeting.
chuma
useless.
chuna
(See petenah.)
chunang
chunding
(See also chonking, lantas.)
(M., muka yang berchoreng)
(M., orang dudok tidak bergoyang)
(M., chuma)
bowing deeply.
(Also chunding.)
(M., tunggang tunggit)
(See chunang.)
chundong, nyundong
chundong
(M., chuka)
bent (of wood, people).
posterior, butt.
(See chonong.)
(Syns., pangkok, pungkok.)
(M., chondong)
(S+B II, p. 551,
chantong, posterior, Mantra.)
chungak assistant, helper (as jenang to batin).
tongkat)
chungkuit
lesser tree shrew.
chunhko, nyonhko
(Syn., sokong.)
(M.,
(M., tupai munchong akar)
to poke upward with a stick at something.
(M., jolok)
chunka, main chunka an activity game for three people, two making a knot of
four hands and one breaking the knot.
chunkah
to lift with leverage.
(Syn., sukang.)
(M., sungkit)
chunkil, nyunkil to gouge out; to pick food from the teeth.
peloyn.) Thus penyunkul, a toothpick. (M., chungkil)
chunking
(See also
(See chonkai.)
chunkuh to be down on hands and knees peering ahead (as when hunting ground
animals). (M., dudok menandok, endap?)
chunong to lean over. Limau manis chunong ka-paya, the citrus tree leans
over the swamp (part of a song).
(M., chondong)
chuntoh
(See chontoh.)
chupak a half-coconut shell (capacity), equal to a quarter gantong.
chupak is four pauh. (M., chupak)
chureng
chuwit
streak, stripe.
D
dada
D
front of body; chest.
done.
dago
dahan
muscle, meat.
chin.
(M., dada)
foreigner.
(Also sudah.)
D
(M., daching)
unmarried, teenage girl.
dagang, o'ang dagang
daging
D
Chinese weighing scale.
dagah, anak dagah
dah
(M., choreng)
great-great-grandchild.
D
dachin
One
(M., dagang)
(M., sudah)
(M., daging)
(M., dagu)
small branch of a tree.
(M., anak dara)
(M., dahan)
D
D
daius misfortune to which one is resigned. One may get 7 years of it for
each cat or dog one kills, since they are adikberadik to humans. Among other
situations, a person may get 7 years of it if he hits someone with a broom or
shoe (but not if he hits with a rock, for instance). (See tulah.) (M., sial;
tolak bala?)
daki to ascend (see also naik); body grime.
quite dirty. (M., daki)
dakut
bamboo flute.
Wah, ajih banyak daki, you're
(M., seruling)
dal a term of affection for addressing young daughters or nieces. (See also
tan.) (S+B II, p. 600, kedul, female, Besisi; kedol, female, Sakai.)
dalam
dama
inside.
(M., dalam)
blowpipe dart.
(M., damat)
damai
reconciliation, peace.
(M., damai)
danau
swamp with patches of ponds.
(M., danu: pond)
danchuk to travel slowly. (S+B II, p. 618-620, chub, to go away, Semang;
chub, to go, Pangan; chok, to wander, Besisi.) (M., seperti babi berjalan
dengan selambuh?)
dangau, umah dangau temporary lean-to. (See also pundong, sabai.)
pp. 634-635, dong, lean-to, Kinta Sakai; dung, lean-to, Besisi.)
dankak
to fall on one's back.
(S+B II,
(M., jatoh terlentang)
danuh the third of the Temuan sumpah (oaths). It means: if I am guilty, may
my blood be decomposed into water. The sixth and the seventh oaths are
similar, but refer to one's father's or mother's blood decomposing (danuh
ayah, danuh emak). (M., danur: a putrifying corpse)
dapat
to get, obtain.
dapur
kitchen, hearth.
dara
blood.
datang
daun
daun les
daun paku
daun sarau
(See also mai, ajak.)
grandfather.
leaf.
Dapur tanah, fire ashes.
(M., dapur)
Anak dara or dagah, an unwed young woman.
to come.
dato ninik
(M., dapat)
(M., darah)
(M., datang)
(Also ninik alone.)
(M., datok)
(M., daun)
a banana-like leaf in which rice is cooked.
fern frond.
smooth, simple leaf used as a wrapping in which to cook flour-
paste dough.
daun tangkal
sedingin.
leaves for medication, include sireh, kunyit, bunglai, and
dawai
(M., dawai)
wire.
dayang
a young girl.
dedeng
(See bedeh.)
(M., dayang)
dehil
bald; hairless (of an animal); fenderless (of a bicycle or car).
dekan
large bamboo rat.
(M., dekan)
demam fever. There are 4 main kinds. Tekena and tegu are fevers every 24
hours with eyes and skin red and hot. Lemas semangat is a light fever. Ku'a
is a hard, shaking fever. (See also bengah, patyu-patyu; see also various
hantu for the causes of some fevers.) (M., demam)
demam sejuk
chills.
denai
an animal track.
denda
a fine for breaking a law.
dendam
longing.
(See hukum, saman.)
Dendam sakit hati, a grudge.
(M., denda)
(M., dendam)
dengak to tilt the head skywards (see also dinkik); to stare upward (as when
trying to locate a monkey in a tree) (S+B II, p. 704, deng, to see, stare,
Semang.) (Syns., dengga, dongak.) (M., dongak, menanga?)
dengan
with.
(M., dengan)
dengga
(See dengak.)
denkeh, nenkeh to peer around (up in a tree), of a human or an animal with
arms (does not apply to a fat person or a bird). (See dengak, engek.)
dengki shallow.
(M., dengkil)
dentam, nentam
(See semp.)
(S+B II, p. 766, dengkel, shallow, Mantra.)
to stamp the feet (as in entering a house).
depan
front, in front.
(M., depan)
deseh
sound of hissing or faint buzzing.
diah
she, her, he, him, they, them.
diam
silent.
(M., desir)
(See also didi, higung.)
(M., dia)
(M., diam)
didi they, them, all of them. (See higung.) (KKB: ung, they.)
512, dikdik, all, Sakai, Perak.) (M., dia, mereka)
(S+B II, p.
di-ehnun
dihol
there, yonder.
(See also nun.)
(M., di-sana)
(See chetuh.)
di-manah
where (at).
(See ka-manah.)
dimpong
a very small, blood-eating fly.
dinding
house wall.
dingik
(M., di-mana)
(M., dinding)
to crane the neck upward.
(M., meninjau ka-atas)
dinlaw to roll in crooked fashion, like a bicycle with a bent wheel; to
wobble. (M., seperti piring yang bengkok)
di-ul
to pound, batter with the side of the fist.
dompok
tall and fat, of a person.
dongak
(See dengak.)
donko
dua
to push hard.
two.
(Also nonko.)
(See tumbok.)
(See langiu.)
(Tulak is just to push at.)
(M., tolak)
(M., dua)
dudok to sit.
dudok)
Dudok temenong, to sit contemplatively.
dudong
Kain dudong pala, head scarf.
scarf.
(See chulung.)
(M.,
duga to test, probe. If a Temuan studies the tangkal of a hantu, such as the
hantu kubu, then that person is sure to meet that hantu and it will duga him.
(M., duga)
duih
du'ing
duit
thorn.
(See geacham.)
(M., duri)
tight, as a guitar string (versus kendoh).
money.
(M., duit)
dukong to carry a person, usually a child, astride the hips or waist, often
with the aid of a tubular sarong suspended from one shoulder across the body,
making a sling; to carry a basket.
dukun curer. His payment for a cure is traditionally $7.70 in Malaysian
currency plus 12 tegas objects (pisau, kain, ga'um, etc.). One method of
curing is rubbing a drinking glass over the area of the body that hurts; if
blood is the cause of the pain, the dukun sees blood in the glass; if a needle
is the cause, he sees it in the glass. (Jav., dukun)
dulat a presumption, such as occurs when a commoner argues with a rajah; to
jadi rajah (become a ruler), one must have chukop dulat [sufficient
presumption(?)]. (M., dulah?)
duli
never mind is nyap duli.
(Also peduli, penuli.)
(M., feduli)
dulu the first, the beginning; before (in time); ahead (in space). (See also
mula, sulong.) Dulu-ni is the same as una hai, on that day. (M., dahulu)
dunia the world; it consists of 7 layers, 3 underground, one at ground level,
and 3 above. (See laheh.) (M., dunia; alam)
dusa
a sin.
Bagi ampun dusa, for the pardon of sins.
duwi
thorn.
(M., duri)
(Skr., dosa)
duyong, ikan duyong mermaid. According to an old Temuan story, originally
the mermaid was human; if someone obtains some of her tears, it will bring
them good luck.
(M., dugong)
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
eagan to be full of anxieties and withdraw when unable to face them (also
unseng, segan); reluctant; lazy (also malas). (M., segan)
eagush to pluck or twist off (fruit).
petek, puntal)
eajin
industrious.
eamas
to kneed, squeeze.
(Syns., petek, puntal, puntil.)
(M., rajin)
(M., rambas)
eampas to jerk; to tug at or off (see untung); to seize.
te'eh.) (M., rampas, sentap)
eankak
to wander aimlessly.
eantan
(See tempeh.)
eata to chew on something crunchy.
also mamah.)
level; to smooth.
e'emp
(See senja.)
ehasa
to feel, taste.
ehchik
ehgat
(See uhchik.)
(See uhgat.)
(Syns., sentap,
(M., pergi berjalan tidak tentu arah)
eantis to slask through aka (roots, vines).
(M., kerat, ranchah? rentas?)
eatak, meatak
(M.,
(M., rasa)
(Syn., tanchas.)
(Also rata.)
(M., rata)
(See lanchas.)
(See kelip, kunyah; see
ehlong
a cavity or semi-enclosed storage place; closet.
ehngat
(See uhngad.)
ehpah
brother- or sister-in-law.
ehyam
to brag exultantly.
(M., ipar)
(See chuna, ma'anguh, megah, petenah.)
ejes
(See jes.)
ekor
tail.
ekot
(See ekut.)
ekut
to accompany.
elai
cackle with laughter.
elak
to get out of the way; to evade, dodge a blow.
elok
fine, good.
emak
mother.
eman
to be calmed down after being angry.
emas
gold.
empan
(M., relong)
(M., ekor)
(Syns., ekot, sama.)
(M., ikut)
(Also helai.)
(M., ilai)
(Also ilok.)
(M., elak)
(M., elok)
(Also moi.)
(M., emak)
(M., hati seram sejok)
Emas pospen, the customary fee for a bride.
to sit around.
(M., emas)
(S+B II, p. 750, pempon, repose, Sakai.)
empas a shelter made of leaves.
(M., lindong)
empis
(See tempeh.)
empok
for.
empok
soft, tender (of foods).
enche
mister.
(Also tempok.)
(Also rempas.)
(See hinggu, lindung, umah.)
(M., untok)
(M., empok)
(M., enche)
enchet to give more or less, unpredictably.
kadang-kadang bagi kurong)
(M., kadang-kadang bagi lebih,
enching
misting rain with the sun shining. This is a time of roaming
spirits (masa hantu) during which it is dangerous to travel, especially if
there is a rainbow. (Also renching.) (S+B II, p. 689, anchem, drizzle,
Besisi.) (M., hujan panas)
enchis
(See galoi.)
enchup
bodoh)
sour and dopey face.
(See also rencham.)
(M., muka masam dan macham
endang dense, thick, crowded (with fruit, or with people in a gathering).
(Syn., tumpih.) (M., rendang?)
enggan
unwilling.
(M., enggan)
engat
(See ingat.)
engek
to ask for a response(?).
(M., meminta bersebunyi)
engek to peer with stretched neck.
(M., memandang leher panjang)
engeleting
(Also ingek.)
(See dengak, denkeh.)
(See ngeleting.)
engkau you (an impolite form of address). (Also kau.)
Temuan adult to a child, it is "talking down."
engkoh
(See sengkok.)
engtai
to spy on, snoop.
(Syn., intip.)
(M., mengintai)
enjis
to sprinkle, dribble; to strum the guitar.
enjot
(See enyot.)
enka
When spoken by a
to break a pledge or disobey an order.
(M., renjis)
(Also inka.)
(A., ingkar)
enked to cut off meat with a small knife. (S+B II, p. 569, chingked, to cut,
Semang.) (M., mengerat daging dengan pisau kechil)
enkek to half-crawl along, as a baby, or as a soldier going through
undergrowth. (Syn., berdabung.) (See also rengkeh.) (M., berdabung?)
enkui
to startle animals hidden from view by hitting a tree with a stick.
entah, entah-hui
perhaps (an expression of doubt); "don't know."
(M., entah)
entai, -tai just now, very soon, just a moment ago (as opposed to una, meh).
Aku pegi entai, I'm going right away. (S+B II, p. 669, entai, tai, just now,
Mantra, Besisi.) (M., tadi)
entak tabun bamboo stompers (musical instruments not used by northern
Selangor Temuan).
entang
stretching out.
(See during, bentang.)
(M., rentang)
entik
to pluck off, such as a button from a shirt.
enyap
(See nyap)
enyot
askew.
erankeng mulut
(Also enjot.)
(See henyot-henyat.)
back of the mouth
(See petek.)
(M., petek)
(M., ennyut, serong)
esau
(See susah.)
esok tomorrow, sometime in the future.
the future. (See sekin.) (M., esok)
etek
(See itek.)
F
F
faham
foreman.
foto gambar
gabeh
F
to understand.
foreman
G
Esok jemah, esok kalah, sometime in
F
F
F
F
G
G
G
G
(M., faham)
(Eng.)
camera.
G
G
paw, of feline.
(See gampakk.)
gabok wadding to propel dart from blowpipe. (Also rabok.) (S+B II, p. 539,
rabok, blowpipe wadding, Jakun, Mantra, Sakai.) (M., rabok)
gabush to exhale tobacco smoke from the mouth.
di-mulut)
gading
elephant tusks.
(M., mengeluarkan asap rokok
(M., gading)
gadong a climbing plant with poisonous (vomit-causing) tubers, belonging to
the yam family (Dioscorea triphylla, D. hirsuta). Mutang gadong is the name
of an old song. [M., gadong mabok (G+T, p. 60)]
gaduh
(See begaduh.)
gaga
failed, frustrated.
gaga
small rattan basket.
gagah
big and strong.
gagap, mulut gagap
(M., gagal)
(See gaya.)
stuttering.
(M., gagah)
(See sisak.)
(M., gagap)
gagau
to churn up (for instance, mud in water).
gajah
elephant.
(M., gajah)
(M., kachau)
gaji
wages.
Makan gaji, to work for wages.
gaji
a saw.
(M., gergaji)
(M., gaji)
galah pole, such as for poling a boat; stick to knock down fruit from trees.
Joloh galah is a stick with a forked end (see also kait). (M., galah)
gali, ngali
galeh
to dig.
(M., gali)
to skid along.
galoi repeated action, such as someone coming to visit often without being
invited. (Syns., enchis, ganles, olang.) (M., berulang tiap-tiap hari)
gamas
a five-stringed wooden musical instrument.
gambar
photograph.
gambir
gambier (a constituent of betel quid).
gambit
(See lammai.)
(M., gambar)
gampakk
(See chakanh.)
gampang
child of an unknown father.
gan unwilling.
enggan)
(See segan.)
(S+B II, p. 670, gan, unwilling, Mantra.)
alike, almost identical.
ganas, nganas
fierce.
ganchang, nganchang
ganching
ganggang
(M., ganal)
(M., ganas)
nimble, agile.
(M., ganchang)
to sit on something sticky.
(M., dudok macham getah
(See chonkai.)
gandal, ngandal
gandum
(M., gambir)
(M., gampang)
ganal, nganal
ganchin, nganchin
melekat)
(M., gambus: Arabian lute)
wheat.
to knock against.
(See langkak.)
(M., sakal)
(M., gandum)
(See bediang.)
ganggu
to lose one's direction, to get lost.
ganggu
(self) interruption in speech; hoarse throat.
ganjil, ngangil
ganles
strange, peculiar.
(See galoi.)
(M., sangkut)
(M., ganjil)
(M.,
gansa to rub the body.
gansar?)
gansat
to wipe.
ganti, nganti
gari
(Syns., gosok, uesah.)
(Syn., lechik.)
to be handcuffed.
a mythical bird.
(M., chakapan bergurau)
(M., gari)
(See bu'ong.)
(M., garuda)
gasak
to overcome with blows, as in a fistfight.
gasar
to attack.
gasi
mite, biting flea.
gasing
toy top.
(M., gasak, lantak)
(M., gasak)
legendary, man-eating giants.
gasil
(M., ganti)
to suspend, hang up; 1 gantong equals 4 chupak (capacity).
to jest, quip.
garuda
(M., gosok nyawa,
(M., gosok, gansar?)
to change (for example, husbands).
gantong, ngantong
(M., gantong)
ganyau
(See also gansat, gosok, uesah.)
(Skr., gergasi)
(M., tungau)
(M., gasing)
gatal, ngatal to itch, itchy; promiscuous (see also ngeleting, jalan,
sundal.) (M., gatal)
gateh, ngateh
gau
united(?).
to scratch.
(M., hati semua setuju apa perkara sahaja.)
(See kekas, nakar, nygukuk.)
(M., garu)
gauk elder sister. (S+B II, p. 548, gauk, elder sister, Besisi, Belandas,
Mantra.) (M., kakak)
ga'um
gawang
salt.
(M., garum)
fierce(?).
(M., garang)
gayah to intend. (See mau.) Lagi macham manah gayah? What else do you
intend to do? (Note: KKB uses kachi where Ser. uses gayah.) (M., gaya?)
gayuh
geacham
to fit (of clothes).
thorny.
(M., macham duri banyak tajam)
ge'ak
to shake to waken, to rouse.
gebar
blanket, coverlet.
(M., gerak)
(See gemeli.)
(M., gemeli)
gedau rainbow. (Also jidau.) (See hantu jemalang, but see also bulani.) A
kind of kayu teras (hardwood tree) can occasionally become a rainbow, when it
is 100 years old. A naga (snake) also can become a rainbow, arching itself in
the sky; in a double rainbow, the male snake is above and the female below.
(M., pelangi)
ge'eding to release a tied-down sapling (in a spring-noose trap, jerat).
(See singkas.) (M., bingkas?)
geh elder brother. (S+B II, p. 548, ge-ek, elder brother, Belandes; geha,
elder brother, Mantra.) (M., abang)
geiyeh
wet hair.
(M., rambut kena basah)
gejil yellow root vegetable (root about 1 foot long); yam(?).
(M., ubi hutan)
gelah
name; title.
gelah
to tease.
gelahit
(Syn., nama.)
(See ubi.)
(M., gelar)
(Syns., geleh, kachau, useh.)
a small hole.
gelang, ngalang
bracelet.
(M., gelang)
gelanktas sharp pains in body.
benda tajam)
(See sakit.)
gelap, ngalap darkness, night.
selalam.) (M., malam; gelap)
Sampai gelap, when night falls.
gelechoh
a blister.
geledak
(Also gelepoh.)
arched, warped.
(M., di-dalam nyawa macham ada
(See also
(M., melechor, melepoh)
(M., geleding?)
geleh to tease; to grab for a second. Hau di-geleh, don't interfere.
(Syns., gelah, kachau, usek.) (M., usek)
gelendong
gelens
to move around restlessly.
gelenyar
gelepoh
geli
sloping inward of a surface; concave.
ear pendants or bangles.
(M., resah?)
(M., gelenyar: to tinkle)
(See gelechoh.)
to tickle.
(M., gelitek)
gelimbing, buah gelimbing star fruit.
Can be mixed with ikan bilis, shrimp
paste, and lada to make acha. (M., belimbing)
gelin keladi
taro (the foodstuff of).
(M., isi keladi)
geling, beling to be weary of. (See also jemu.)
atau chari barang chukop sunggoh)
gelinya
a little flirty or playful.
(M., jemu; pandang orang
(See also jaleh, ngeleting.)
gelod, ngalod to bestow (or get) a title.
gelar, lantak?)
gelun
channel of river.
gemas
annoyed.
gembira
gemeli
(M.,
(M., gelong)
(M., gemas)
passion, excitement, happiness.
blanket.
(See bilah.)
(M., gembira)
(M., gemeli)
gemis to play (of children) with useful objects of adults.
bermain benda-benda yang berguna)
gemok
fat.
(See also dompok.)
(M., budak-budak
(M., gemok)
gemu, nyamu quick growing, healthy, sturdy (of plants or people).
tumbuh.) (M., subur)
genak, nganak perishable(?); rubbish(?).
tidak bersimpan)
genap
complete, full.
(See
(M., semua apa-apa barang yang
(M., genap)
gencheh, ngancheh stabbed by a pointed instrument. (See lenchi, leseh.)
(S+B II, pp. 570-571, cheg, to stab, Semang; gechat, to destroy, Sakai.) (M.,
seperti benda halus dan runching tertikam)
gendang
drum.
(M., gendang)
genggam
to clench in the fist (versus komkom).
genoi grandmother.
(M., ninik)
geng
gang.
(M., genggam)
(S+B II, p. 623, genoi, grandmother, Belandas, Mantra.)
(Eng.)
genong to carry in a sling tied over the shoulder.
gendong-kendong?)
gentah, ngantah
thunder.
gentam, ngantam
to sound the gendang (Temuan drum).
gentat, ngantat
slender in the middle.
(See also dukong.)
(See also gunta, guroh, pateh.)
(Syn., genting.)
(M.,
(M., guntur)
(M., genting)
genting, nganting slender in the middle; narrow valley (home of the hantu
sebu'u); a pass through hills (see guntong). (M., genting)
gentil, ngantil
to break (of string, etc.); to sever.
(M., putus, gentil?)
genyah, nganyah to destroy; utterly ruined. (Syns., hakai, kundain, punah.)
Makan genyah, to be picky and dissatisfied with food; for example, eat a
little fallen fruit, throw it down, and search for more.
gepau
(See gerpau.)
gerak
to shake someone to waken them.
geriang
jawak.)
ges
(M., gerak: motion)
a sp. of monitor lizard that lives in swamps.
(M., geriang)
gerpau
toothless.
(M., punah)
(See also biuwak,
(Also gepau.)
(See jes.)
gesah
to choke on large food objects.
geseh
to scrub the body.
gesel
very soon; a little; few.
getah
rubber, latex, sap.
getah buku
(See also chekit.)
(M., gesek)
(Syn., until)
(M., getah)
dried scrap of latex of a rubber tree.
getah keping
into sheets.
(M., sa-ketap)
the bulk of the latex of rubber trees, which is treated and made
(M., getah keping)
getik loathsome materials (vomit, feces, etc.). (See also behadi(S+B II, p.
581, ik, slime, Sakai; excrement, Mon-Khmer.) (Pk., getik; M., lendir)
geyan
giah
gi'es
uncombed hair.
to taunt, mock.
(M., rambut yang tidak bersikat)
(Syn., tengkoi.)
uncomfortable feeling.
(M., giat)
(M., tidak sesuai)
gigi tooth. Gigi nyos, an incisor; gigi taing, canine (M., taring); gigi
tengam or gigi dunggam, a molar (M., gerham), (M., gigi)
gigit
gila
to bite.
crazy.
gila babi
gila-bau
gilat
(M., gigit)
(See also jehlin.)
epilepsy.
(M., gila)
(M., gila babi)
a river turtle.
to lick, of a cat.
(See penyakit.)
(M., jelebau? labi-labi?)
(See imau pakai.)
giling to roll into a sphere or cylinder.
the dough into balls." (M., giling)
giluh
tired and panting.
gisah
to wipe or wring the hands.
(M., jilat)
"Buat-dah tepong giling,"
(M., kesat? kibas? genyeh?)
"Roll
gita
guitar.
gitu, gitung
(Eng.)
in that way.
gobek
betel nut pounder.
godeh
to stir.
godek
to interfere.
gohgoh
goha
(M., bagitu)
(M., gobek)
(M., godak)
(M., kachau)
trembling with age.
cave.
(M., gua)
gohing
to grin with teeth showing.
go'ing
to fry; fried.
goleh, mengoleh
gong
(M., goreng)
to shake the head.
(M., geling kepala)
gong.
gongok
a black millipede that curls up.
gongul, nyongul
(M., senggulong?
gonggok?)
an orphan without children (or siblings?).
gosok to scrub (syn., sental; see also gansa); to brush (teeth); to wipe
(syns., gansat, uesah). (M., gosok)
gosung
dimples.
grongk to notch a large tree before felling(?).
fall, Besisi.)
guchi
dried watermelon seeds.
(Also kuchi.)
(S+B II, p. 596, groyn, to
(M., kuachi?)
guchoh api to throw away a faggot (done in the middle of the path or road
when a person is overdue from his expected arrival time; if not done, the
traveler will, it is believed, get sick and perhaps die.) (See hantu be'uk.)
(M., buang)
guchong
to swerve.
gugo to fall spontaneously, of fruit or leaves from a tree.
nalai.) Rambut gugo, hair that falls out when it is combed.
gula sugar.
Gula angin, mint candy.
(See also
(M., gugor)
(M., gula)
gula taban sweet latex of a forest tree, hence gula taban is the name given
to chewing gum; gutta-percha (?).
gulai, nyulai to curry food.
milk. (M., gulai)
Gulai lemak, curried food mixed with coconut
guli
marbles.
Main guli, to play marbles.
(M., guli)
gulong to roll up (such as a home-made cigarette); a building beam (see also
kasauh). (M., gulong)
gumpah earthquake. Malaysia has no earthquakes, the Temuan say, because it
is the place of origin and dispersal of the human species. It did have an
earthquake, however, when the land split up and separated the grandchildren of
the Temuan equivalent of Adam and Eve into different land masses of the world.
(M., gempa)
guna useful; use. (Tanjong Malam Orang Asli use hawa.) Guna ada kerja tapi
duit nyap, the work was OK but you didn't get paid. (M., guna)
gunchai
to stick out, project.
(M., sulai? julai?)
gunchang, nyunchang to cause to sway or shake; to ring a bell(?).
guyam.) (M., gunchang)
guni
gunong
gunta
gunny sack.
(See also jabeh.)
mountain.
thunder.
(See
(Hindustani, guni)
(M., gunong)
(See also gentah, guroh, pateh.)
(M., guntor)
guntang lonely, deserted. (Syns., benguoh, bentong, bitong, kuntang, sengoh,
senyap, songoh.) (M., senyap)
gunting to cut hair; scissors. Infants heads are shaved at about four weeks
of age to prevent crying (from indigestion?), it is said. (M., gunting)
guntong, guntung
guroh
thunder.
gusti
wrestling.
ravine with water.
(See genting, johong.)
(See also gentah, gunta, pateh.)
(M., jorang?)
(M., guroh)
(A., gusti)
guyam to shake, tremble (with fear), fidget; to be loose (of a tooth).
gunchang.) (M., goyang)
H
H
H
H
H
H
(See
H
haa and; here. (S+B II, p. 519, ha, at, in, to, towards, with, Besisi; p.
526, ha, here, to be, Mantra.) (M., dan; sini)
habad
(See habat.)
habat (be) careful.
walking.
(Also habad.)
Jalan habat-habat, watch where you're
habis done, finished; broken (syn., usak).
habis)
habok
dust, ashes.
my friend.
habong
to knot, tie.
habong
main roof beam of a building.
hachit
shoo!
hachoh
(See achot.)
hadiah
(M.,
(M., habok)
habond
hadat
(See also sudah, jempas.)
(M., abang?)
(M., hubong)
(See adat.)
gift.
(A., hadiah)
-hah an intensifier; considered to be a pleasant-sounding suffix, thus its
use indicates a polite manner of speaking. For example, ini-hah is preferred
to ini alone (this one; here).
hai day. Una hai, that day. A full day consists roughly of stengah hai
(starting at noon), petang (4-6 PM), senja (7 PM), gelap (8 PM-midnight),
stengah malam (1-5 AM), and pagi (5 AM-noon). (M., hari)
hakai, mehakai to ruin, damage. (Syns., genyah, hundain, menah.) Makan
mehakai, ruined (also punah). (See also akai.) (M., berpunah-punah)
hakal
(See akal.)
hal problem, difficulty. Apa hal? What's the problem? Emak nyap boleh
sumpah anak, kena hal; anak nyap boleh sumpah emak, tulah; mothers can't swear
at their children, they'll incur difficulties; children can't swear at their
mothers, they'll incur misfortune. Bilah o'ang mihal, aku nyap champor, when
people are discussing a problem, I don't get involved. (A., hal)
halang main cross-beam on the side of a building, at eave level.
junka.) (M., alang)
halas
wild or feral (non-human?) spirit.
halau
to chase off, drive away.
hali
versed in, expert in.
(See also
(Jav., alas, jungle)
(M., halau)
(A., ahli)
halimp asthma(?); tuberculosis(?).
ankin.) (M., batok lelah)
(Syn., je'eh.)
(See also penyakit lelah,
halun to travel or speak without adequate knowledge of the situation.
II, p. 720, lun, to speak, Sakai; p. 727, lu, fool, Besisi.)
(S+B
halus
fine, delicate.
(M., halus)
hamak disobliging, mean, unfriendly.
(M., kedekut)
hambang
(Syns., chengyel, chenyigel, penyiki.)
to throw, hurl (such as a lembing).
(M., buang, baling)
hamol to desire strongly. (Syn., onkok.) (See mahu)
to will, Mantra.) (M., sangat hendak terlebih)
hampin
stench.
hamis
(Syn., hanchin.)
(S+B II, p. 751, mo',
(See also busuk, hampok.)
malodorous, like the smell of goats.
(M., hamis)
hampok rank smelling (as sweat, singed hair, burned rice).
hampin.) (M., hangit, apak?)
hamun
bad language.
(Syn., maki.)
hanchau
oil film on water.
hanchin
(See hampin.)
hanchu to melt, dissolve.
(M., hanchor)
hanchut
hang
dissolved, melted.
(M., hanchor)
(See lompang.)
hangat
Ayi hangat, hot water.
hangkat
hot.
(M., hangat)
(See angat.)
(See belanjah.)
hansak, nyansak
to press hard.
(Also tansak.)
hanta to send; to convey physically.
(M., hantar)
hantu
(M., hamun, maki)
Dunia hanchu, (when) the world comes to an end.
(See angan.)
hantum
(See also busuk,
(M., minyak tumpah di-ayer)
hangan-angan
hangus
(M., hanching)
to forcibly escort someone.
spirit, ghost.
(M., terlampau tekan sangat)
Hanta balik, to return (something).
(Tamil, mengawal?)
(See also jemoi, jin, melikat, sitan.)
(M., hantu)
hantu bayang spirit which comes out at night and wakes up children.
and Temuan, bayang, shadow.)
hantu bayuh comes into the hinai ceremony in terms of tulak bayuh.
bayu: Vayu; M., breeze)
hantu be'uk
(Malay
(Skr.,
a tulang be'uk (femur of the short-tailed macaque monkey) is hung
over the door of some Temuan houses. It signifies that hantu be'uk is
involved in an agreement between someone and a resident of the house to do
something at some time. Most importantly, if someone agrees to come to the
house to bury a corpse at a certain time and fails to show up, the hantu be'uk
assures that the defaulter will get a fever (and perhaps die). Also, if
someone is away and does not return home (or arrive at a specified
destination) on time, especially after dark, someone will throw a burning
faggot (bara api) on the path and tell the hantu be'uk to go away. Otherwise,
the hantu be'uk will come and someone will get fever (see guchoh).
hantu(?) bubul
hantu bukit
an evil man who has about 100 wives (not sebu'u).
hill spirit (father of sebu'u?).
hantu busum cause of edema (B. Lanj. terminology).
sakit angin (Ser. terminology). (See also langos.)
hantu cheman
hantu hutan
hantu imau
Also known as basal or
water spirit which can make people sick.
(See hantu sebu'u.)
(See imau pakai.)
hantu jemalang An evil spirit, mischievous as a child; a gnome of disease.
It sometimes can be exorcized to mitigate the harm (such as causing madness)
of nuhlal, resemblance between a parent and a same-sexed child. A case of
nuhlal means this hantu is in action. There are three species of hardwood
trees from which jemalang can issue forth, years after the tree has died,
fallen down, and become a rainbow (gedau) or dragon (naga): pokok merbau,
pokok jelotong, and pokok bechin. If the dead tree is standing, it can jadi
gedau; if fallen, it may jadi naga 10 to 20 years later. The naga or the
gedau are like the hwap (breath) of the hantu jemalang. To exorcize (tangkal)
this hantu in a case of nuhlah, among other things a hole will be drilled
(tebuk) in one ear of the child (male only?). If the exorcism is ineffective,
the child must be given to others to raise, otherwise one of the two in nuhlah
will die.
hantu jemoi causes (sakit) benkak. The body swells up due to encountering
urine or bisa (poison) or feces of a dead animal. (See jemoi.)
hantu kenait lives only in a different world, below earth, and has a strange
manner of speaking. Does not come up to graves and eat souls of dead people,
because they are already like him. But it does go after the souls (semangat)
or even the bodies of living people. In one story, long ago a Temuan man was
digging a large hole in the forest to get out a long yam tuber, ubi hau. He
fell into the hole and the hantu kenait caught him and thought he was lauk
(meat). But the man said he was manusia (humankind). The hantu kenait asked
him, "Be'apa kaki?" (how many feet do you have?). The man thought that if he
said two, the hantu would think he was a chicken, and if he said four, would
think him a sapi (wild ox). But he did say four and the hantu started eating
him, first his feet, then his legs, stomach, and upward. Later the man's
younger brother, a good person, looked for him and found the hole with only
bones in it. When he tangkal kuat (put a strong spell on it), the older
brother hidup balik (came back to life). But the older brother was jahat
(bad). He sumpit buah je'eng (shot a poisoned blowpipe dart into the je'eng
nut) so now people can only eat a little of it. He also sumpit the leaves of
buah betek (papaya), so now they are pahit (bitter) and only the fruit is
edible. The younger brother objected to all this, saying that o'ang tanah
tujoh (people on earth) need all the food they can get, that there is never
enough. The older brother also stole animals such as the tiger and illness
from the world of the hantu kenait and put them here on earth to bother
people. (S+B II, pp. 616-617, kemoyd, kemoit, the grave spirit for Perak and
Kedah Orang Asli; Dentan, pp. 91-107, ketmoid, a spirit associated with death
and graves--some part of a dead person becomes this bad spirit, according to
the Semai.)
hantu kenang
kenang)
hantu kubu
causes fever with shivering(?) (B. Lanj. and Ser.).
(M.,
(See hantu kumok.)
hantu kumok the grave spirit, white and corpse-like (versus a jin, which is
black). Though frightening to see, this hantu should not be feared because he
will not catch or hurt humans. He comes out of graves between 7 PM and 5 AM;
he lingers by the graves between 7 PM and 9 PM (so one should not go near
then) but later wanders off looking for food. Older Temuan say that to see
the hantu kumok one should burn 1 inch of the 3 inch stick above the body in
the grave and put some ashes above the eyes. Then at 7 PM one can see this
hantu. (S+B II, pp. 616-617, kemut, grave, Besisi.) (M., hantu kubor)
hantu longsui a naked spirit with a cat's face that lives in the bird's nest
fern (Asplenium nidus) and can become human. (M., langsuir)
hantu mamalang (B. Lanj.), hantu mambang bulani (Ser.) Causes a kind of
illness in which there is fever, weakness, and cold hands(?). Mambang and
mamalang refer to yellow clouds at sunset and bulani to a rainbow at sunset.
(M., mambang)
hantu melikat mawat this spirit removes the breath of a person when he
reaches sufficient years (umo chukop), for Tuhan. This hantu used to appear
as a man and tell a person his fated time (ajal) had come but people hit him
so he complained to Tuhan and the latter told him to go not as a man but as a
penyakit (illness) or invisibly, which he now does. He calls their melikat to
go to the bottom layer of the world, called lapis tujoh. Birds and other
animals with small eyes are reported by the Temuan not to die mati sendiri (by
themselves), such as by illness. Instead, they are all murdered (victims of
predators) because the melikat mawat cannot masok mata (enter through their
tiny eyes). Tuhan observes humans, however, through their eyes. (A., mayat:
a dead body)
hantu pait the evil spirit of tanah tanjong (level land), said to be named
after ikan pait. If you is traveling alone, this hantu will call out your
name (the sound is like a whirlwind) and if you reply, "Hoi," you will be
caught and put to death by the hantu.
hantu palong
causes abdominal pains and diarrhea(?).
(M., palong)
hantu pelisi
can enter a human body and cause sickness.
The pelisi that
causes selimuh (the common cold) sipi (glances off) children who wear a
tangkal (charm) against it, although they may still have the sniffles for a
day or two. Adults can tahan (resist) the pelisi much better than children
can. (MM., pp. 329-330, pelisit.)
hantu penyaden
vampire)
eats blood as a leech does, causing death.
hantu ponseh (B. Lanj.), hantu sanih (Ser.)
(M., penanggalan:
(See sanih.)
hantu pontianak the vampire spirit of childbirth (also putih anak); wears
kain batek (batik cloth). Men call her (with kemayan) to sleep with them but
she is afraid. She can enter into the body and in this way eat blood, but
later she can run off. She sometimes talks to people in dreams; people (men
only?) sometime see her in the daytime. She is beautiful and like the longsui
and teberai can become human. (M., pontianak)
hantu sawan
the spirit that causes convulsions and crying fits.
(See sawan.)
hantu sebu'u this forest spirit lives in genting (high valleys or passes) and
may be possessed by a human being. (Syn., hantu hutan; M., pemburu.) If
possessed, the owner has good fortune in getting money, food, and in
concocting medical cures (as a dukun). Possession is lost if a person behaves
badly (lying, laziness, fighting with spouse) since Tuhan peduli (God censures
such behavior). Hantu sebu'u can nyelah (become human). If there's hujan
enching (rain with sunshine) and a certain bird is heard, this hantu is
nearby; if there is no such rain and one hears many of these birds, it is a
tiger. The followers of this hantu (like anjing, dogs) are a certain bird, a
certain squirrel, and fireflies. If one sees or hears these in the forest, he
must run away before this hantu catches him or he will become ill with fever
and die (the fever being incurable, impossible to tangkal). Originally this
hantu was a man. When he travels he carries a lembing (spear); if he stabs
you, it is a fatal wound. He does not actually eat people, only their
semangat. He thinks people are just forest animals, like sikah (leaf monkey),
be'uk (macaque), or babi (wild pig). His father is not evil; if one dreams of
an old man, it is this ayah.
His son, Jin Ali, is evil. His wife, Siti
Setima, is not evil; she just sits at home. People do not see hantu sebu'u
now.
hantu senyakala the spirit of dusk who makes it necessary for a person to be
ge'ak (roused) if they fall asleep between 4 PM and 7 PM. Thus Temuan do not
sleep at this time. He is sa-buta (the blind one) and sa-pekak (the deaf
one). (See senyakala.) (Skr., senjakala)
hantu tajam
causes tajam (sharp) pain all over the body.
hantu tanung, hantu tauhn looks like any ordinary human being; wears a yellow
and red cloth around the neck. He offers medicine to people who are traveling
alone, which, if taken, causes illness or death. People wear hinai (henna) on
the little finger when he is around. [A., taun (an epidemic, cholera)]
hantu taung a spirit that looks like a Malay; his tanda (sign) is a red and
yellow neck cloth. He offers medicine to people; taking it will cause illness
or death.
hantu toyol a good spirit which if it calls one to travel, the person must
go. Exists only at night. Is clever at stealing for a person. But if a man
possesses it, his wife will be thin because the toyol drinks her milk.
hanyeh
fresh fishy smell.
hanyut
drifting, floating.
(M., hanyut)
hapal
learn.
haram
cent.
unlawful; a strong expression of negation.
(A., haram)
harap
confidence, to hope.
hasam
sour.
hasil
results, products.
hasin
foreign.
hat
(A., hafal: to learn by heart)
(M., harap)
(M., asam)
(A., hasil)
(M., asing, lain)
on the side.
hatap
Satu sen haram, not one
(Syns., segarat, sengat.)
roof, roofing of any kind.
(M., hat)
(M., atap)
hati liver; the location of feelings, "heart."
hati)
Hati panas, anger.
hating, nating to lift and carry a small object in the hand.
pikul.) (M., tatang)
hatu
layers, to stack.
(See also ami,
(M., susun)
hau don't! (Also jangan.)
Sakai, Phg.) Ubi
hau
(M.,
(KKB uses misau.)
(S+B II, p. 733, gau, don't!
a wild yam.
haus
thirst.
(M., haus)
haus proper, fitting, right. Said when one gets what he deserves, as in the
Eng. phrase, "Serves you right." (M., harus)
hawa
(See hawank.)
hawa
well! so! (B. Lanj.)
(See also woih.)
hawai to hunt unsuccessfully.
tidak dapat)
hawank
hawa.)
(See chaih.)
(M., menchari apa-apa barang,
head cold with stopped-up nose (versus selimuh, a rummy nose).
(M., hawar)
(Also
hayam
chickens.
(See ingi, kukas.)
Hayam dendak, jungle fowl.
(M., ayam)
hayam to weave a mat. Mata hayam, the side edge of a mat where a weaving row
was begun. (M., anyam)
hayun
(See ayun.)
hedop
(See hidap.)
helai
(See elai.)
helang owl (many species). (S+B II, p. 586, helang, eagle, kite, Mantra; p.
676, klang, owl, Kasengan, an Indochinese Mon-Khmer language.) (M., lang,
burong hantu, etc.)
hempang
hempit
to squeeze between two surfaces.
henah
hengas
filthy, wet hair.
to shoot a gun.
(M., rambut kena kotor dan basah)
(Syn., tembak.)
(M., tembak)
to invite a person into one's house, say, "Ada henk lagi."
henyot-henyat
herti
to walk hiddledy-piggledy.
meaning, sense.
heyong
hiamang
sooty.
(See enjot.)
(See naik.)
(Pk., ennyut)
Nyap berherti, it doesn't make sense.
hes, hes hawa to blow the nose.
Besisi.) (M., hingus?)
(M., herti)
(S+B II, p. 537, kahes, to blow the nose,
(M., arang)
itchy rash or pimples.
hidaa, badan hidaa
hidang
(M., hempit)
(See mahu.)
henchas
henk
(See ampang.)
(See miang.)
feverish body.
to offer refreshments.
(M., badan panas)
(M., hidang)
hidap to bear up under one's own adventures or follies. Thus, "Hidap-lah
ajih." (Syns., easa, hedop, nanggong, tanggong.) (M., tanggong)
hidoin
(See hidoiy.)
hidoiy to sniff, smell. Apa bau? Chuba hidoiy, What's that smell? Try to
sniff around. (Also hidoin.) (S+B II, p. 717, ingoy, to smell, Sakai,
Perak.) (M., hidu)
hidung
nose.
(See jaloh.)
(M., hidang)
hidup
to live; the quickening of a fetus.
(M., hidup)
higung you people (in one family); those people (in one family); that couple.
(See didi.) (In KKB, ung is used for this meaning.) (S+B II, p. 628, hi,
he, she, it, Besisi.) [M., awak orang (satu keluarga)]
higung
hi'it
son- or daughter-in-law.
(Also menantu.)
to thresh grain (rice) by treading on it.
hilah lut'ut
to crawl on hands and knees.
hilang, ngilang
hili
(M., irek)
(See seng'oi.)
downstream (versisu hulu).
(M., hilir)
hinai henna stain. It is used in wedding ceremonies: on the second day hinai
is brushed on the foreheads and palms of the bride and groom to signify the
condition of marriage (see also tulak bayuh). It is also painted on the
little finger as protection when hantu tauhn comes. (A., inai)
hindik
bouncing.
Lesong hindik, a (rice) mortar with two holes.
(M., untak)
hing side (in certain contexts). Hing kiri, the left side of the body; but
jalan kiri, go to the left, and bain kiri, lying on the left side.
hingat
(See kenang.)
hinggu
a shelter.
hinik
his
(See lindung, empas, umah.)
(M., lindong)
(See hindik.)
(See segan.)
his to pare (for example, a potato; but for calloused skin, see balau).
hiris)
hisang masak
hisap
Malay weasel.
(Also merang.)
to smoke (cigarette); to suck, suckle.
(M.,
(M., pulasan)
(M., hisap)
hisub to compute. Tiga kali hisub ka-dapat, count three times to make sure
it's right. (A., hisab)
hitam
black.
(M., hitam)
hi'up
to slurp liquid food.
(M., hirup)
hoi response to the call, "Where are you?" (See lehoi.) (S+B II, p. 552,
serhoi, to call, Mantra; p. 564, hoi, to arrive at, from, Besisi; p. 565, hoi,
towards, Sakai.)
hoi form of address used by people who consider themselves superior.
mana pegi? Hey you, where are you going?
Hoi,
hokiat the afterworld; the bottom of seven layers of the world.
hukirat.) (A., akhirat; Skr., shurga)
(Also tanah
hong the call used to someone far away in the forest (the customary response
being hoi). (S+B II, p. 764, ong, Mantra, Belandas.)
hong you (used by Negri Sembilan Temuan where Ulu Selangor Temuan use ajih);
you (used by Ulu Selangor Temuan for an older person who is not a relative or
close friend).
hono very deep sleep.
tidor)
honyang-lah lagi
balek)
ho-o
(Also sono.)
(See also jenak.)
the same as aku balik-lah lagi, I'll come back later.
gray.
Rambut huban, gray hair.
hubong
link, connection.
hudang
shrimp.
(M., kelabu, uban)
(M., hubong)
(M., udang)
hi'is
to bite with open mouth, in a scraping motion.
hujan
rain (usually ayi hujan).
hujan batu
hujan enching
hujan panas)
hujan pejok
hukirat
(M., hujan)
hail.
hujan renyeh
drizzle.
(M., renyai)
drizzle with the sun shining.
(Less often, hujan panas.)
(M.,
steady rain for weeks.
(See hokiat.)
to measure.
(See also pumalonk, jenkal.)
hukum customary Temuan laws about wrongdoing.
err. (See denda, saman.) (M., hukum)
hular
(M.,
the sound of waves crashing.
huban
huku
(M., tertelap sangat
(M., sukat, ukor)
Ikut hukum, to pay a fine when
(See ula.)
hulas covering, wrapper; a segment of a fruit such as durian or lime. Sahulas is a numerical coefficient for fruit or vegetables such as maize,
rambutans, etc. (See also tungul, a bunch.) (M., ulas)
hulat worm, maggot. Lobang makan gigi, makan hulat; holes in the teeth are
caused by maggots eating. (M., ulat)
hulu
upstream.
Hulu pisau is a knife shaft.
(M., hulu)
hulubalai a former rank of Temuan officialdom; the head of the balai.
hulubalai)
huma
hill rice (non-irrigated).
humbi
tree roots.
(M.,
(M., huma)
(Syn., tungkah.)
(See also pajung, jangka.)
(M., umbi)
humut palm cabbage, "heart" of palm. Hulat not is a fat, edible, 3-inch long
larva (of kedoing) that lives in the apical meristem of the kelapa, nibong or
langkap palms. For the humut of the banana plant to be edible, one must cut
it just before the flower develops. The humut of pinang (betel palm) is
inedible, reputedly making people crazy. (M., umbut)
huna, nyuna
hundain
empty talk.
(See chakap.)
(M., buat khabar-khabar angin)
(See hakai.)
hunjok, dudok hunjok
to sit with legs stretched.
hunjong the free, or tip, end of anything.
hunjong)
hunklad
huwas
hwap
maggot; some kinds of worms.
(Syns., puncha, whyed.)
(M.,
(M., hulat)
(See be'entek.)
vapor (as of a hantu); steam (of boiled water, hot springs).
I
ibu
(M., lunjor)
I
I
I
mother (rarely used; see emak, moi).
ibut
storm.
igau
nightmare, delirium.
I
I
Ibu jari, thumb.
(See also angin, chalau, melebu.)
(See also megau.)
(M., uap)
I
(M., ibu)
(M., ribut)
(M., igau)
igol hat, any headgear. (Syns., anchah, ikol, songkok.) (S+B II, p. 680,
peningal, head, and sapu tinggol, head kerchief, Jakun.) (M., songkok)
ikan
fish.
ikan badaw
ikan beludah
(See also lokah, ja'ing, jalas, sekat, tangkul.)
a short, black fish.
a species of fish.
ikan belut
the swamp eel.
ikan bilis
anchovies.
(M., beludu?)
(M., belut)
(M., bilis)
(M., ikan)
ikan buntal
puffer fish.
ikan bujok
a murrel.
ikan chedong
(M., buntal)
(M., bujok)
a fish with large, red eyes.
ikan kaharuan
a swampy water fish.
ikan kapar
a swampy water fish.
ikan masin
any salted fish.
ikan paik
skate, ray.
ikan patong
Mata chedong, a red-eyed person.
(M., pari)
a swampy water fish.
ikan poyok
a small, edible fish found in tin-mining ponds.
ikan sabau
a large, edible fish found in tin-mining ponds.
ikan seluang
a small carp.
(M., seluang)
ikan sembilang various catfish; at least one kind has barbs with poison near
the gills. (M., sembilang)
ikan temperas
ikan tubu
a swampy water fish.
a long fish with a big head.
ikat
to tie; binding.
ikol
(See igol.)
(M., ikan hantu)
(See also janpot, kojot.)
(M., ikat)
iku tail. Siku is a derivitive that means one, one piece of (whether the
animate or inanimate object has a tail or not). (M., ekor)
ikut
i-lah
lah.)
to follow.
(M., ikut)
an expression of assent or weariness.
(M., perkata'an menguchap?)
ilak
(See elak.)
ilok
beautiful, fine.
(Also elok.)
(Syns., alahai, la'e-lah, yah-
(See jahand.)
(M., elok)
imau tiger. (Syn., kodong.) It only eats o'ang salah, but first it peers at
the person to see if he or she is ajal (fated) to be eaten by a tiger. If one
looks straight at the tiger, so its head is clearly seen, the tiger will not
eat that person. But if one looks upward, the tiger may eat him. A spirittype tiger is called imau pakai; it can enter a person like angin (wind). If
it does so and one becomes sesat (lost) in the forest, one can ride on its
back until close to home; then it becomes small and reenters the body. This
were-tiger is not evil, only like air. But if a person says he is not afraid
of it, when he is in the forest he will meet a tiger and it will make a big
noise and appear to be huge to frighten him. But the tiger will not eat this
person. The imau pakai, like the be'uk pakai, can cure its possessors of
illness. To do this, the imau pakai must leave the body, which it will do
only in private, so the possessor must go into the forest a ways before the
spirit will keluar (exit) and lick the person (gilat), thereby curing him of
illness. (For the origin of imau, see hantu kenait.) (S+B II, p. 739, kohon,
Jakun.) (M., harimau)
imau akah
dahan)
clouded leopard.
imau bintang
leopard.
imau kumbang
black leopard.
(Also imau ampong, imau kuang.)
(M., harimau
(M., harimau bintang)
(M., harimau kumbang)
inah term of address for any woman to whom one is not related or affined and
who is too young to be addressed as genoi (grandmother); a term of address for
a parent's younger sister or the wife of a parent's older brother. (S+B II,
p. 663, inah, aunt, Mantra; younger aunt, Besisi.)
ingat to remember, to suspect, think.
changok.) (M., ingat)
ingek
(Syns., engat, ringoit.)
(See engek.)
inger said to a crowd when one wishes silence.
listen, Jakun.)
ingi, bengi
ini
inka
(See
to roost (of chickens).
this, this one, these.
(S+B II, p. 630, peningar, to
(M., hinggap?)
(Also -ni.)
(M., ini)
(See enka.)
inkak main branches or fork of a short tree (rindang is used for tall trees).
(M., chabang kayu)
inkon
a kind of flattish frog.
intan
diamond.
(M., intan)
intat to heave or stamp a pole or post into the ground (without digging a
hole for it). (Also mahuntak.) (M., chachak?)
intih
ipoh
to spy on, snoop.
(Syn., engtai.)
blowpipe-dart poison.
(M., ingitip)
(See also jeloh.)
(M., ipoh)
ipoh malai the strongest of the ipoh poisons, reportedly.
malai, strychnine(?) poison, Besisi.)
iring
isah
in procession.
gills.
(M., iring)
(M., isang)
(S+B II, p. 683,
isi
contents.
itek
itong
ituh
duck.
(Syn., etek.)
to count, calculate.
J
(M., isi)
(M., itek)
(Syns., besukui, kiah.)
that, that one, those.
J
ja'ang
Pelita ada isi minyak, the lamp has oil/kerosene.
(Also -tu.)
J
(M., itu)
J
seldom; wide-spaced.
(M., hitong)
J
Rusok ja'ang, the ribs.
ja'as
creel.
ja'at
arched a little (as a floor, etc.)
J
J
(M., jaring)
(M., jeras)
(See also geledak, gelendong, lus.)
jabeh bag, pouch, sack. (Syn., onchan.) (See also bujum, guni, selepak,
sumpid.) Jabeh tepong, flour sack. (M., buntil)
jadi to become, to turn into.
didn't work out. (M., jadi)
jadi-jadian
jaga
jagong
(See nyalah.)
supernaturally created animals.
watchman; to guard, protect, be awake.
maize (corn).
(See also kelami.)
Nyap jadi, it's all off, or, it
(M., jadi-jadian)
(Skr., jaga)
(M., jagong)
jahanan hell, destruction; to bury; to drown(?), but not the same as benam.
(A., jahanan)
jahand, nyahand
jahat
wrong, bad, evil.
jahit, nyahit
ja'ing
not enjoyable.
to sew.
fish net.
(See elok.)
(M., tidak elok)
(Also kelakoh, muat, nakal.)
(See kelim.)
(M., jahat)
(M., jahit)
(M., jaring)
jalan to travel (see also chuchil, danchuk, eankak, jandek, sunyoh); road.
Diah jalan saja, he goes alone, isn't interested in marrying. Jalan lus, to
travel straight ahead. Jalan pingkah, to walk bowlegged. Jalan kenchoh, to
walk pigeon-toed. Jalan tingelap, to walk with a limp. Jalan timpang, to
walk with one heel cutting in. (M., jalan)
jaland, nyaland
male disease of the urethra.
jalang, nyalang
lecherous, promiscuous.
jalas
fish casting net.
(Also jaluh.)
(M., penyakit kekarang)
(Also engeleting, gatal, sundal.)
(See tangkul.)
(Skr., jala)
jaleh, nyaleh cheeky; a little flirty or playful, on the part of a male.
(For a female, see ngeleting.) (M., jela?)
jaluh
(See jalas.)
jalipak
jaloh
flopping with fatigue.
(See letih.)
flesh between the nostrils.
jaman, nyaman
jamban
jambang
epoch, age.
privy.
(M., juloh?)
(M., zaman)
(M., jamban)
whiskers; long sideburns.
(See also janggut.)
jambu a rose-apple tree and its fruit.
jambu)
jamin, nyamin
(M., jelepak)
guarantee.
(M., jombang).
Jambu merah, a deep pink color.
(M.,
(M., jamin)
jampak, nyampak to thrash around, such as in parting lallang or semak,
looking for something. (M., menyereba?)
jampi incantation; magic. Temuan usually say tangkal instead of jampi. As
an exception: jampi si-kuning kuning, magic to make the face beautiful (a term
of endearment). (Skr., jampi)
jamu to entertain a guest. Gita jamu, to entertain by playing the guitar.
Makan berjamu, a large feast. (M., jamu)
jan
name given to a pet pig-tailed macaque, the be'uk.
janda
divorced, widowed.
jandek, bejandek
don't (imperative).
jangau
(See bulai.)
janggut
(M., janda)
to travel with a group.
jangan
(Also onoh.)
(Also hau.)
(M., jalan beramai-ramai)
(M., jangan)
a beard. (M., janggut)
jangkang a large underground root (versus aka, a small root, or janka, a prop
root). Jangkang me'neong, the reddish bark of a smallish root that is chewed
raw as ubat batuk, cough medicine.
jangkit, nyangkit to hop across; to spread (of disease, fire).
jangkit, don't gossip. (M., jangkit)
janji
to agree.
Perjanji, agreement, contract.
janka visible prop roots of a tree.
pajung, tungkah.) (M., jangkar)
Jangan
(M., janji)
(Syn., jemmeh.)
(See also humbi,
jankat to ascend. (Syn., naki.) (See naik.)
climb, Jakun.) (M., daki, angkat?)
(S+B II, p. 553, tengkat, to
jankod to be awake (eyes open) but only half conscious.
belum bangkit tidor.)
(Syn., mekok.)
(M.,
janpot to fasten cloth (around corpse?) with string tie. (Syns., kojot,
kunjol, punjot.) (S+B II, p. 533, bok, to bind, Besisi, Sakai.)
jantan
male, man.
(M., jantan)
jantas
to be hatched (of eggs).
jarang
(See ja'ang.)
(Syns., netas, tetas.)
(M., tetas)
jari finger. Ibu jari, thumb. Jari telunjok, index finger. Jari telunjok
hantu, middle finger. Jari manis, ring finger. Jari kerenkeng, little
finger. (M., jari)
jati
true, real.
(A., jati)
jatoh, nyatoh to fall accidentally. An exception: matahai jatoh laut, the
sun sets over the sea. (See also beai, dankah, jalipak, longkis, nalai,
tehanpap, tumbang.) (M., jatoh)
jatong
plant.
jauh
ja'um
the heart. Jatong pisang, the heart-shaped "flower" of the banana
(M., jantong hati)
far away.
(M., jauh)
needle, syringe.
(M., jarum)
jawak the water monitor lizard. (See also geriang.)
water monitor lizard, Besisi, Mantra.) (M., biawak)
jawat
pimples.
je'eh
(See halimp.)
je'en, nye'en
(S+B II, p. 649, jawak,
(M., jerawat)
continual gas pains in abdomen (from eating je'eng beans).
je'eng a kind of forest tree (Archidendron jiringa?) with an edible, smelly
bean (black when ripe). (See hantu kenait.) (M., buah jering)
jehlin
a bit of wrong-doer and a bit crazy.
jeho, jehot to pour out, empty out (a liquid); to invert a container and
empty out the dregs (see also simbah). (M., churah)
jeh'os
any short palm rib (used for making baskets, etc.).
jejak small, vertical, split-sapling strips (lath) set parallel to one
another in building construction, especially to support buloh dinding (bamboo
walls). (M., jerjak)
jekera
jel
(See chekewa.)
jail.
jeladoi
(Eng.)
food remnants.
(See also remeh.)
jelai, nyelai
change (coins).
jelam, nyelam
foodstuffs.
jelantang
(M., barang makan tidak bersimpan)
(M., duit tunai)
tree-nettle (leaves are poisonous).
jelapuk crumbs, rubbish not cleaned up.
(M., bekas makan tidak berkemas)
jeling, nyaling
sidelong look.
(M., jelantang)
(See also jeladoi, jenak, remeh.)
(See juling.)
jeloh poison container for blowpipe darts.
Belandas.)
(M., jeling)
(S+B II, p. 683, jelok,
jelondong a wide, pandanus-strip-woven basket (not a back pack), about one
foot in diameter by two feet long.
jelotong, pokok jelotong a species of forest hardwood tree from which
jemalang can issue forth 10 to 20 years after the tree dies and falls down
(Dyera costulata). (M., jelutong)
jelud, belud
jemah
lack of concern or care.
dregs, remainder.
(M., tidak peduli)
(See also silin.)
jemah Esok-esok jemah, one day perhaps.
Besisi; chema, tomorrow, Semang.)
jemalang
jemekd
see hantu jemalang.
to hold onto lightly.
jemit to pick up and carry.
angkat)
jemmeh
(S+B II, p. 513, jemah, forever,
(See also jemit.)
(M., di-pegang sedikit)
(Syns., bawa, benmit.)
(See also tating.)
(M.,
(See janka.)
jemo, jemoh
to dry in the sun.
jemo'h, temo'h
chance meeting.
(M., jemur)
(M., temu)
jemoi, nyemoi supernatural force haunting a place of killing (as of a deer);
supernatural influence (vapors?) on a person due to encountering an animal
such as kibau, or due to bisa of animals. (Syn., badi.) (S+B II, p. 616,
kemoit, ghost, Sakai, Pahang; kamoi, demon, Old Khmer.) (M., bahadi)
jempas, nyempas
finished.
(See also lichau, sudah.)
(M., sudah habis)
jemput
to invite in.
(M., menjemput)
jemu to eat little because food is unappetizing; sated.
kenyang, lewat.) (M., jemu)
jenak unusable remnants.
semua tidak bersimpan)
jenak, nyenak
jenang
(See also jeladoi, jelapuk.)
very deep sleep.
assistant to batin.
(See also hono.)
(See also geling,
(M., barang-barang
(M., jenak?, nyenyak?)
(M., jenang)
jengka back of the mouth(?); jawbone, lower jaw. Jengka kanchil, pattern on
the bottom of a sentong (basket) formed by the weaving process, so-called
because it reputedly looks like the lower jaw of a deer. (S+B II, p. 558,
jenka, lower jaw, Besisi.)
jengok, nyengok
sekejap sahaja)
to peer momentarily.
(See panang.)
jenkal, nyenkal
span between thumb and finger.
jenkas, nyenkas
dessicated.
(M., jenguk dengan
(M., jenkal)
(M., mati kering)
jenkau, nyenkau to reach for an object on the same level as oneself.
also chapai, loh, spenyapai.) (M., jenkau)
(See
jeos midrib of bertam palm frond (from which baskets and other items are
made). (S+B II, p. 541, jais tio, spine, backbone, Semang; jas kio, midrib of
palm frond, Semang.) (M., batang bertam)
jerankang a kind of softwood tree with a trunk diameter of about 2 feet.
(M., kayu jerankang)
jerat a spring trap with a noose; a snare.
jerat)
(See bingkas, ge'eding.)
jerih
(M., ngap-ngap)
panting; exhausted from exertion(?).
jermin, chermin
glasses, mirror, picture frame.
(M., chermin)
jermin to act as a guarantor of future good conduct for a wrongdoer.
jamin: bail, security)
jerneh
jeong
clear, of water (versus keroh).
(Hindi,
(M., jerneh)
to drain the (drinking) cup.
jes steady rain for hours, in the expression: hujan jes-sa-jes.
(See also pejoh.) (M., hujan turun ta'berhenti)
jes
(M.,
to pluck (for example, fruit).
jetok, nyetok
(Also ges.)
to stare silently (as in fishing).
(Also ejes.)
(See puntal.)
(M., termenang tidak
berbunyi)
jeus besprinkled.
jirus?)
jidau
(S+B II, p. 723, chius, to sprinkle, Semang.)
(M., siram,
(See gedau.)
jijes a small kind of brush-tailed porcupine.
(M., landak kechil)
jimat
careful, thrifty, economical.
jimbun
small-clawed otter.
(Also jinjis.)
(See lanak.)
(A., jimat)
(M., memerang kechil)
jin a black-colored evil spirit (which has entered the body of a dead
person). Jin Ali, the evil son of the hantu sebu'u; if one dreams of a badah,
it is this jin. (A., jin)
jinak, nyinak
jinjang
jinjis
tame, docile.
tapering neck.
slender.
life, soul.
a Malay.
ravine with streamlet.
joloh galah
(M., jolok)
(M., ramping)
(S+B II, p. 654, jobo, Mantra; jebo, Besisi.)
(M., jorang: gully)
stick with forked end (to poke up to get fruit from a tree).
jokonk, jokont
hole.
joteh
(See ku'us.)
(Skr., jiwa)
joboh, o'ang joboh
johong
(M., jinjang)
(See jijes.)
jinkeh, nyenkeh
jiwa
(M., jinak)
to emerge (of a long body), as when putting an arm through a
comet; meteorite(?).
juah to toss up (as buaya does, according to Temuan legend, two times to a
person it's caught, before it eats him).
judu
similar, a kindred spirit; mixed up together.
juga
also.
julai
(Tamil, jodoh)
(M., juga)
projecting, overhanging, in the term: berjulai-pulai.
julat, nyulat
tungkeh.)
juling, nyuling
juling)
to push away, to push over the edge.
(M., julai)
(Syns., nongkeh, tongkeh,
strabismus, wall-eyed; cross-eyed(?).
(See jeling.)
(M.,
jumpak
to meet, encounter.
junih many years ago.
lepas)
jungan
projecting.
(M., jumpa)
(See dulu.)
(Syn., tunjai.)
(M., berapa-berapa tahun yang sudah
(M., jongang)
junjung to carry on the shoulders (versus dukong).
junjong: carrying on the head)
(See also sompoh.)
(M.,
junka beam extending beyond the house wall.
dinding rumah.)
(M., hunjong kayu di-sebedah
juntai to dangle, hang down. (See lempai.)
hang down. (See lempai.) (M., jui)
(M., juntajuntai
to dangle,
K
K
K
ka'ak besi
rust.
K
K
K
(M., karat)
kabut mist. Kabut tebal, cloud (M., awan). (See also kelam.)
572, kabut, cloud, Belandas, Kenaboi.) (M., kabut)
kacha
K
a piece of glass.
(S+B II, p.
(M., kacha)
kachang beans, legumes. Kachang tanah, peanuts. Bubu kachang, a split-bean
soup flavored with fresh, grated coconut and sugar. (M., kachang)
kachau, ngachau to interfere, annoy, tease.
gemis, godek, kunchikk.) (M., kachau)
kachau move out of the way! move over!
(M., kachau)
kachi
(See
(Syns., kechoin, nan ini sikit.)
(See gayah.)
kadang-kadang
occasionally.
-kah interrogative suffix.
listen?
kahabah
kail
(Syns., gelah, useh.)
spider web.
fising pole.
(M., kadang-kadang)
Nyanyi-kah dengar?
Do you want to sing or
(S+B II, p. 722, alhaba, kelaba, spider, Mantra.)
(Taju is fish hook.)
(M., kail)
kain cloth, sarong. Kain putih, white cloth; used by Temuan to wrap a body
for burial; no other color may be used; if no white cloth is at hand, the body
is buried unwrapped. Kain sel, a towel. (M., kain)
kais to push aside, kick aside.
kuis?)
(Syns., kuis, kanchis.)
(M., tolak ka-tepi,
kait pole with hook at one end to snag petai pod clusters from a tree branch.
(M., kait)
kaki
foot.
Kaki setut, a foot that is "asleep."
(M., kaki)
kala
scorpion; one day in the future (see esok).
(M., kala)
kalah
kalahi
kalan
to lose (versus menang).
(M., kalah)
divorced.
a pier is tempat kalan.
(M., perkalan)
1
kalat
remainder.
Sa-biji aku kalat, I have one piece left.
kalang
lying across.
kalonk
improper, revolting.
kalu
if.
(M., kalang, alang)
(Syns., lalah, magah, sumbang.)
to which place, where.
kamban kain
kami
(See halang.)
(M., sumbang)
(M., kalau)
ka-manah
kambing
(Syn., lintang.)
(M., kalat)
(M., ka-mana)
to fasten a sarong above the breasts.
goat.
(M., kamban)
(M., kambing)
we (but excluding the person addressed).
(See also kita.)
(M., kami)
kampak a pandanus basket similar to a sentong but lacking stiffening around
the base and top.
kampit
kampong
kanan
kancha
a paper or plastic bag.
village.
(M., kempit)
(M., kampung)
right (side).
cauldron.
(Also beg.)
(M., kanan)
(M., kanchah)
kanchil
a mouse deer.
kanchis
(See kais.)
(M., kanchil)
kanchong a small bamboo-tube container, often for water.
(Pk., kanchung)
kandang an enclosure, such as for goats.
children are pests, pen them up.
kandar
to carry on a pole.
kantik
katek)
semi-dwarf.
kapak
bird wing.
kapak
axe.
kapak Siam
kapal
Budak jahat, kandang; if the
(M., kandar)
(See also kenhdinhl, pendek, suntot, te'ekenk.)
(Also sayap.)
(M., kepak)
(M., kepak)
an axe with a flared-edge blade; hatchet(?).
a ship.
(See also bumbong.)
Kapal terbang, airplane.
2
(M., kapal)
(M.,
kapi
non-Moslem (used only for non-Orang Asli groups).
kapur
kasa
lime for the betel quid; chalk.
rude, coarse, rough.
(M., kapor)
(M., kasar)
kasak various plant noises in underbrush or thicket.
kesing, kusek, kusok.) (M., bunyian di-dalam semak)
kasauh
kasi
parallel rafters to support attap roofing.
to give.
kasihan
kasut
kata
shoe.
Kasi tahu, to tell.
(Also belas.)
(Syns., kesai, kesau,
(M., kasau)
(M., kasi)
(M., kasihan)
(Portugeuse, kasut)
to say.
katah
(See bah.)
pity, sympathy.
(A., kafir)
(M., kata)
character (bad).
(Syn., peangai.)
(M., perangai)
katak any frog, including katak inkon, katak kelubi, katak putih.
katak)
(M.,
kau an impolite form of address to another, unknown Temuan, for northern
Selangor, but acceptable in southern Selangor. (M., engkau: you)
katil
single bed.
kawan
friend.
kawasan
kaya
(M., kawan)
neighborhood, governmental district.
kawat duwi
kawin
(M., katil)
a scratch.
to wed.
rich.
(M., kawasan)
(S+B II, p. 703, kawait, to scratch, Besisi.)
(M., kawin)
O'ang kaya, rich man.
kayap
tuberculosis(?).
kayeh
Malayan flying lemur.
(M., kaya)
(M., kubong)
kayu tree, wood. (See also pokok.) Batan kayu, logs.
Kayu berdah, hatchet handle. (M., kayu)
kayu bingin
Kayu api, firewood.
banyan tree.
kayu kapang a grey, aromatic forest hardwood, sold to outsiders to make
incense and perfume.
3
ke'ah
kebana
kebun
kecheh
long-tailed macaque monkey.
a kind of one-faced drum.
orchard, vegetable plot.
to bargain, barter(?).
kechi, kechin
kechoh
kechoin
kediah
kedoh
kedoing
kehili
small.
(M., rebana?)
Kebun getah, rubber plantation.
(M., kebun)
(M., tawar)
(M., kechil)
pigeon toed.
(See kachau.)
armpit, forearm.
fresh, of food(?).
(M., ketiak)
Minyak kedoh, thick oil, such as motor oil.
a winged insect; its larva, hulat not, is edible.
downstream.
kejar, bekejar
(M., ka-hilir)
to rush, race.
kejim
a moment.
kekas
to scratch, of chickens.
kelabu
(M., kra)
grey.
(M., kejar)
Bahau kejim, a moment ago.
(See gau, nakar, nygukuk.)
Mata kelabu, film over eyes.
(M., kekas)
(M., kelabu)
keladi taro (various Colocasia species). (See also gelin.) Keladi kemahang,
a forest species, of which the root and stem bottom are edible; the stem top,
if eaten, causes itching. (M., keladi)
kelahi, bekelahi to quarrel.
tengkin.) (M., kelahi)
(Syn., tengka.)
(See also begaduh, lankeh,
kelain to get separated (of people traveling together).
(M., tempat lain)
(See also menchel.)
kelakoh a person's look and behavior (jesting behavior?); human nature. For
muat kelakoh, see jahat. (Syns., kelankak, semi.) (See also omang, peangai.)
(M., kelakuan, resemi)
kelaku
(See kelakoh.)
kelam
a crowd.
kelam
cloudy.
(See ramai.)
(M., orang ramai)
(See also kabut.)
(M., kelam)
4
kelambah
kelami
mosquito net.
(M., kelambu)
corn (maize) porridge.
kelamin
a couple, a family.
kelankak, kelankok
kelantai
(M., kelambu)
(M., kelamin)
bearing, behavior.
on the floor.
(M., kelakuan)
(M., di-atas lantai)
kelantak half-cooked (for tubers and the like).
(M., tidah chukop masak)
kelapuh
coconut (palm).
kelapuh sawih
(M., kelapa)
oil palm.
kelat this hour; the next hour.
Belandas.)
kelat
astringent.
kelawar
(S+B II, p. 672, kelak, klak, Jakun,
(M., kelat)
bat; the clubs suit in playing cards.
kelawar besar
black-bearded tomb bat.
kelawar cheku
diadem horseshoe bat.
kelawar cheleu
kelawar lempong
kelawar yip
keledek
(But for be'as, say mentah.)
wooly horseshoe bat.
(M., kelawar dagu hitam)
(m., kelawar bahu puteh)
(M., kelawar ladam terbesar)
lesser large-footed bat.
bicolor horseshoe bat.
sweet potato.
(M., kelawar)
(M., kelawar hitam bakau)
(M., kelawar ladam bulat biasa)
(M., keledek)
kelenchat to be compelled to do something disadvantageous through someone's
interference. (M., terpaksa di-gangu'an)
kelenyar
lymph gland in groin.
(See also bakong.)
kelet an Orang Asli group said by Temuan to live near Tasek Bera in Pahang;
they erect only pundong, leaf shelters, and move every 1 to 2 weeks; Temok?
Che Wong?
keletok to throw. (Syns., lintong, limpa.)
(M., lempar, buang)
kelih
to want.
kelim
to hem.
(See also baling, hambang.)
Kelih sangka-ku mati, (you) want to think I'm dead.
(M., kelim)
5
kelinchau
(See biyau.)
kelinching
keling
mosquito larvae.
sick and wasted.
kelinga
(M., gering)
(See telinga.)
kelintet
clitoris.
(M., kelentit)
kelip to chew up small objects, such as watermelon seeds.
kunyah.)
kelip
(See eata,
to open a fruit and throw seeds away before eating it.
kelobok any small butterfly or moth.
Besisi.) (M., kupa-kupa)
kelochoin
(See lungkok.)
(S+B II, p. 551, kelobok, butterfly,
a flying ant.
keloh miscarriage. To induce abortion, heavy rocks are said to be heated,
wrapped in cloth, and kept for 2 to 3 days over the stomach when a woman is 3
to 4 months pregnant. (M., keloh)
kelopak leaf sheath, such as on a bamboo shoot.
three-day breeze. (M., kelopak)
kelopeng
Angin kelopak, an annual
nail parings, fallen-out eyelashes, etc.
keluang
Malayan flying fox.
keluchong
(M., keluang)
to cover the body completely.
kelulut stupid. (Syns., bodoh, tolol.)
lu, fool, Besisi.) (M., bodoh, kelu?)
(See also jehlin.)
(S+B II, p. 727,
kelutut a small, blac, stingless bee that sucks liquid from wounds (Tigona
species?).
kemalangan
kematang(?)
bad luck; an accident.
hilltop.
(See bukit.)
(M., kemalangan)
(M., termatang?)
kemayan fragrant incense (from resin of the tree Styrax benzoin) that is
burned (1) in the hinai ceremony of weddings for tulak bayuh; (2) for dead
persons, such as in the spirit house, umah melikat; and (3) for sick people.
(See also chabok.) (M., kemenyan)
kembar
twins are anak kembar.
(M., kembar)
6
kemomoh
kena
putrid food.
incur, contact.
kenal
(M., kena)
to recognize.
kenan birth defect; one's nature.
kenan)
Kenan kelakoh! that's his nature!
kenang sympathy, thoughtfulness, fairness. (Syns., hingat, tampang.)
hantu kenang.) (M., kenang; ingat; belas kesihan)
kenching
urine.
kenchoh
kendoh
lame.
kenhdinhl
(See
(M., kenching)
(Kelantan, kechok)
loose (such as a guitar string).
kenggalong
kening
(See nenching.)
(M.,
banded linsang.
(M., kendor)
(Also ma'ong.)
(M., linsang)
(See pendek.)
forehead; eyebrows.
(M., kening)
kenip a small hopper bug that "sings," this night sound being like an infant
crying to be nursed.
kensel
cancel.
(Eng.)
kentak
to prop, support.
(Also papah.)
kentong brittle rind, eggshell, or the like (versus kulit.)
712-713, ketokng, rind, Besisi.)
kentut
(See memekung.)
kenul
to fit (of clothes).
kenul
to let go slack, for example, a rope.
kenya
a kind of flour batter.
kenyang
kenyit
(S+B II, pp.
(Also padan.)
(M., kendor?)
(M., kenyal?)
satiated, full, satisfied.
to wink.
(M., kenakan)
(See also lewat.)
(M., kenyang)
(M., kenyit?)
ke'om
(See komkom.)
kepai
to shinny up a tree.
kepal
to close the fist on an object (see komkom); a lump of rice, clay, or
(Also kepek.)
7
the like.
kepala
(M., kepal)
(See pala.)
kepalang
(See alan.)
kepit
to carry under the arm.
kepok
storage bin for threshed rice (padi) made of tree bark.
kepurong kelapa
keraja'an
(M., kepok)
coconut shell.
government.
(M., keraja'an)
kerak scorched rice bits adhering to the inside of a cooking pot.
kerak)
kerana
for the sake of.
kerang
shellfish.
kerani
clerk.
kerantang
keras
(M.,
(M., kerana)
(M., kerang)
(Hindi, kerani)
spider web.
hard, strong.
(See kahabah, laba.)
(M., keras)
kerat to cut off, sever. (See bantas, chatok, chempak, enked, lanchas,
lanchi, nakek, potong, tayos, tebang, tebas, tekeh, tutuh.) (M., kerat)
keratuh
a cracking noise.
kerdas a fruit which, like je'eng, causes stomachache if many are eaten.
(See kuchi.) (M., kerdas)
kerenyeh
to grimace with teeth showing; a snarl(?).
kereta
vehicle.
kering
dry.
Kereta api, train.
(See also jenkas.)
kerja
to work.
keroh
turbid (versus jerneh).
kertas
paper.
(See gohing.)
(M., kereta)
(M., kering)
(M., kerja)
M., keroh)
Kertas hai bulan, calendar.
kesai
(See kasak.)
kesan
spoor, tracks.
(M., kesan)
8
(M., kertas)
kesat
to wipe off moisture.
kesat
rough-textured surface (versus lichin).
kesau
(See kasak.)
kesen
violin bow.
keset
curly hair.
kesing
(M, kesat)
(M., kesat)
(See kasak.)
ketageh
to crave.
(M., ketageh)
ketam
a crab.
ketat
tight fitting.
ketawa
(M., ketam)
(M., ketat)
(See tawa.)
ketoh tired, of legs, from exertion. (See lenguh, leteh, tekih.)
p. 740, kerok, tired, Mantra; kebok, tired, Jakun.) (M., penat)
ketul some.
(M., ketul)
Sa-ketul kueh, a piece of cake.
ke'ung to beat with a large stick.
II, p. 569, kuh, to strike, Senoi.)
kiah
to count, calculate.
kibau
water buffalo.
ki'ik
left (side).
kijang
barking deer.
kiki a file.
kilad
(Syn., balun.)
(M., balun)
(See also pukul.)
Bentan kibau, yoke for buffalo.
(S+B
(M., kira)
(M., kerbau)
(M., kiri)
(M., kijang)
(To file is asah.)
lightning.
Sa-ketul pisang, some bananas.
(Syns., besukui, itong.)
(Also kiri.)
(S+B II,
(M., kikir)
(M., kilat)
kinchin, kinchin ka-bawah to toss or haul objects (such as a bunch of petai
pods) downward attached to a rope.
kiri
(See ki'ik.)
kita
we (all).
kodoing
kodong
(See also kami.)
the red dog.
tiger.
(M., kita)
(Also anjin segala.)
(Syn., imau.)
(M., serigala)
(S+B II, p. 739, words for tiger include
9
podong, South Pahang Sakai; podogn, Mantra and Semelai; kohong, Kenaboi and
Jakun.) (M., harimau)
kojot
(See janpot.)
koloi
cover for quiver for blowpipe darts.
kolong
(See telat.)
(See changgong.)
komkom, ngomkom to close, or clench, the fist (empty). (Also ke'om.)
kepal.) (S+B II, p. 554, kom, kakom, to catch, Besisi.) (M., kepal)
kompol
to gather people together.
kong'ong
(M., kompol)
flying lizard (Draco sp.).
(M., chichak kulin)
kopak to break open, take to pieces.
kopak, ungkal)
kopeng
kopes
kopi
kotah
scab.
(See
(Syns., ompek, ungka, ungkeh.)
(M.,
(M., kuping, keruping)
(See kupas.)
coffee.
dirty.
(M., kopi)
(See also chomod, henchas.)
(M., kotor)
koweng the sound of a pig. Apa koweng? is said when one hears a noise in a
sleeping area; Apa-dah ngowenk? is said when one hears a noise elsewhere in
the house.
kua, demam kua hard, shaking fever, not necessarily identified by Temuan as
malaria. (See demam.) (M., kura)
ku'ah
tortoise.
(M., kura)
kuali
shallow cooking pan, "wok."
kuat strong, powerful.
charm). (M., kuat)
kuban
mud wallow.
kuchi
a grave.
(M., kuali)
To tangkal kuat is to perform powerful magic (spell,
(See also lumi.)
kubong (any) large flying squirrel.
(M., tupai terbang)
kubu
Kuali tangkai, a frying pan.
(M., kubang)
(Small flying squirrels are mumau.)
(M., kubor)
(See guchi.)
kuchi, penyakit kuchi
venereal disease characterized by difficulty in
10
urinating and defecating; a local inflammation, with symptoms similar to those
experienced from overeating buah je'eng or buah kerdas. (Drinking coconut
juice, ayi kelapuh, is a pallitive.)
kuchink cat. Cats (and dogs) should not be killed because they are adikberadik to humans. If a cat jumps over a corpse, the corpse may rise up
(according to G+T, p. 128, Malays have a similar belief). (M., kuching)
kuchink ampau
flat-headed cat.
kudi, sakudi
kudis
similar.
(M., kuching hutan)
(Also sa'anjok, sa'anyok, supa.)
itchy skin infection.
(M., sarupa)
(M., kudis)
kudis chichai the result of scratching an itch between the toes, arising from
contact with the urine of certain animals or from stepping on certain things
in the forest.
kudis be'uk the result specifically of contact with short-tailed macaque
(be'uk) urine.
kueh
cake.
kuis
(See kais.)
kukang
kuku
(M., kueh)
slow loris.
nail, claw.
kukus
moonrat.
kulah
upstream.
(M., kongkang)
(See nygukuk.)
(M., kuku)
(M., tikus ambang bulan)
(M., ka-hulu)
kuland, bekuland lack of confidence; embarassment.
malu.) (M., kena malu harap)
kulim
a pong.
kulit
skin, soft rind.
(See also belukant,
(M., kolam)
(M., kulit)
kulond carrying on a pole, as in a litter (as a corpse is carried).
sengka, usond.) (M., sengkar, usong)
kumand
germs.
kumbar beteduh
(Syns.,
(M., kuman)
lymph gland in armpit.
(See also bakong, kelenyar.)
kunchi to lock; key. Penyakit kunchi, jaundice with liver and gallbladder
ailment; penyakit kunchi penyah, arthritis (also sanih). (M., kunchi)
kunchikk, nyanchikk
stalemated(?).
(M., terkachau, kunchi?)
11
kuning
yellow.
(M., kuning)
kuning payuh light yellow.
kuning jambu)
kunjol
(S+B II, p. 758, biug, white, Senoi.)
(See janpot.)
kuntang
(See guntang.)
kunyah
to chew.
(See eata, kelip.)
kunyit
tumeric.
(M., kunyit)
(M., kunyah)
kupas to peel, break open, shell (fruit).
ompek.) (M., kupas)
kusek
(Syns., kopas, sontak.)
kusok
(See kasak.)
kutip
(See kusip.)
ku'us
thin, of people.
la'ang
labah
lada
(See
(See kasak.)
kusip to collect bits and pieces, such as fruit off the ground.
punggod.) (See also longgoh.) (M., kutip)
L
(M.,
L
L
to prohibit.
spider.
(See chelikep, jinkeh, langiu, nipis.)
L
(Syn., tegah.)
L
(M., kurus)
L
L
(M., larang)
Aka labah, red sap ingredient in ipoh poison.
black or white pepper.
(Also kutip,
(M., laba-laba)
(M., lada)
ladang garden plot; farm field. The time for planting a ladang is tiga bulan
buloh (when the bamboo is 3 months of age), that is, when the kelopak have
dropped off the bamboo shoots. (See tekeh.) (M., ladang)
-lah
a suffix intensifier.
(M., -lah)
laheh, dunia laheh the time of the world when miracles occurred, such as the
tengilling getting a tongue and losing its teeth. (M., lahir; keramat)
lahoit a Temuan oath, meaning may my body waste away if I am guilty.
sumpah.)
12
(See
lai
to run away.
lain
(See also ehgat, nyeh-nyeh.)
different, other.
(See also asin, kelain.)
lajok, melajok
swiftly; overshoot(?).
laki
(M., laki, suami)
husband.
(M., lari)
(M., lain)
(M., laju, terlajak)
lakomg, buah lakomg the fruit that stuck in the male throat to produce begok
(Adam's apple). (S+B II, p. 736, lakhum, Semang, throat.) (A., halkum; M.,
lekum)
lalah
(See kalonk.)
lalat
house fly.
lallang
(See tahi.)
tall grass.
(M., lallang)
lalu
to go past, charge past.
lama
old; a long time.
laman
(M., lalat)
(Syns., lintas, nempuh, tempu.)
(See junih, laum, nala, nonong.)
cleared space around a house; play area.
lambat, melambat
slow, late.
lammai, melammai
to wave, beckon.
lampa, melampa
lampai
lampai, melampai
(Others are panchat, lintah.)
wave pattern on grass at river's edge.
lampau
exceedingly, much more.
lampu
old pendulous breasts.
infant blanket.
flashlight; lamp.
lanak raya
raya)
lanak teboyn
landak batu)
lancham
(M., lambai, gamit)
(M., lampar)
to wash for tin, using a wooden tray.
lampin
(M., laman)
(Syn., gambit.)
lampan
lampi
(M., lama)
(M., lambat)
to spread out over.
a long forest leech.
(M., lalu)
(Also melampang.)
(Syn., telebih.)
(M., lampan)
(M., lampau)
(See teteh.)
(M., lampin)
(M., lampu)
Malayan porcupine.
Chingchik lanak, porcupine quill.
brush-tailed porcupine.
to comment unhesitatingly.
(M., landak
(A smaller kind is called jijes.)
(M., lanchar)
13
(M.,
lanchan hillside pool. It is forbidden to bathe there because such spots are
inhabited by spirits (teberai?); if one does bathe there, or even worse,
urinates or defecates there, great harm will befall that person, such as a
severe fever. (M., lanchok? laher?)
lanchas to slash through wood, trees. (See tanchas, eantis.) (S+B II, p.
561, chas, manchas, to cut one's way through the forest, Pangan.) (M., kerat)
lanchi, melanchi
to slice.
(See potong.)
langga, melangga
langgar)
crashing into; colliding with.
langit
sky.
langiu
kurus)
tall and skinny, of a person.
to stride, pace.
(See dompok.)
a kind of palm (tree).
(M., orang tinggi dan
(M., langkah)
langkak to bump one's head on something.
gandal.) (M., sakal, tagal? langgar?)
(Syns., lingkah, sakal.)
at last, forthwith.
langui, melangui
(M., seru)
always quarreling.
lantai
floor.
lantas
(See kelahi, tengka.)
(See se'u.)
(M., berkelahi tiap-tiap
(M., lantai)
lantak, melantak
lantang
(See
(M., langsong)
to call out (to someone about 20 yards away).
lankeh
hari.)
(See
(M., langkap)
langos edema of the abdomen, all other parts of the body being thin.
also basal.)
langsong
(M.,
(M., langit)
langkah, melangkah
langkap
(See langkak, gandal.)
to ram down.
distinct (of sound).
passing right through.
(M., lantak)
(See bunyi.)
(Syn., tembus.)
lantih to start an entertainment.
membuka'an permainan)
lantok tree bark.
(M., kulit kayu)
(M., lantang)
(M., lantas)
(Syns., sanggang, santeng.)
(M.,
(S+B II, p. 712, lantok, skin, bark, Kenaboi, Besisi.)
14
lap to vanish, disappear by trickery (as in movies).
hilang)
lapa, melapa
lapang
lapis
hunger.
empty, vacant.
layer.
lapis tujoh
(M., lapar)
(M., lapang)
the seventh, bottom-most layer of the world, where melikat exist.
to fold; in folds; strata.
lapok
mold, decay.
larai
despondent(?).
(M., lapisan)
(M., lapok)
(M., lara?)
rapids (also chega); small waterfall (see chehu).
latam, malatam
lauk
(Syn., lompang.)
meat.
(M.,
(M., lapis)
lapit, melapit
lata
(See se'ol, begempin.)
(See sengoi.)
pressing or stamping down.
(M., lata)
(M., latam)
(M., lauk)
laun protracted. Lama-lah laun bertemu juga, for a long time (they) met
together. (S+B II, p. 673, lahun, old, Kenaboi.) (M., laun)
laut
ocean.
(See sen'em.)
lawah
smart, chic.
lawak
to laugh.
lawang
lawan)
to fight.
(M., laut)
(M., lawah)
(Hindi, lawak; M., gelak ketawa)
(Also belawang.)
(For lawang tikam, see tajih.)
(M.,
leach food (such as nasi bubu, rice gruel) which is slimy and mushy from
overcooking--considered inedible. (Syn., leaj.) (See also leohj.) (M.,
terlampau hanchor)
leaj
lebah
(See leach.)
bee.
Nisan lebah, honey (M, madu).
(M., lebah)
lebak, puchok lebak the shoot of a monocotyledonous flowering plant that
grows 10 to 15 feet tall in the forest; it has a cluster of sword-like leaves
but no visible stem.
lebang a tree found in secondary growth (belukar) which makes good house
posts (tihang). (M., kayu lebang)
lebas
to slash.
Lebas rumput, to slash (tall) grass.
15
lebih
more, greater.
lebuh
road, lane.
(M., lebeh)
(M., leboh, jalan)
lecheh, melecheh slimy, muddy (but can sink in only a few inches).
lodeh, lumpu.) (M., lumpur)
lechek, melechek
tempat paya)
lechi
to be moist; blister(?).
lechik, melechik
lechu
lehi
a trampled, muddy spot.
(M., berbanyak-banyak kaki menijak
(M., lecher)
(See ganyau.)
scalded, blistered.
neck.
(See
(See melochot.)
(See also chenalak, tengkok.)
(M., lechor)
(M., leher)
lehoi said as an invitation to enter one's house; also said: nan sudah lehoi
semah-nya. (See also hoi, lichau, naik.) (S+B II, p. 552, serhoi, to call,
Mantra; p. 564, hoi, to arrive at; from, Besisi; p. 565, hoi, towards, Sakai).
leis
a damp place.
lekas
quickly.
lekat, melekat
kite.
lemah, melemah
lemak
(M., tempat lembab)
(M., lekas)
to stick on, adhere to.
lelah, penyakit lelah
lelayang
(syn., besiuh.)
(M., lekat)
asthma, exhaustion.
(See ankin.)
(M., lelah)
(M., layang-layang)
weak, soft.
(Syn., lemik.)
fat, grease (M., lemak).
(See lembut.)
(M., lemah)
Buah lemak: see buah.
lemas, lemas semangat a kind of light fever due to a dream or a fall, in
which one's soul is temporarily lost. (M., lemas? lemah?)
lembah
lembing
lembu
lembut
damp.
spear.
cattle.
soft.
(See besiuh, leis.)
(M., lembah)
(M., lembing)
(M., lembu)
(See lemik, lemah.)
lemik
(See lemah.)
lemin
to hold and examine.
(M., lembut)
(Syn., chemis.)
16
(M., pereksa?)
lemoi, melemoi very slowly; to drag out a job; to dawdle along.
lemui, pupin, sedoi, supen.) (M., perlahan-lahan)
(Syns.,
lempai, melempai to dangle out, as a baby's legs from a carrying position, or
as a person's arms asprawl when sitting. (See juntai.) (M., lempai)
lempang
to slap.
(Syns., tampa, tembeh.)
(M., lempang)
lempet stemless, forest understory palm (larger than chucho); its frond main
rib is stripped to make basket-weaving material. (M., lempet)
lempong
hairless bat.
lemuh
knowledge.
lemui
(See lemoi.)
(Also lomtan kelasar.)
(M., batin kelasar)
(M., ilmu)
lenchi, melenchi to be hit by a flying, pointed projectile.
lening, leseh, tikam.)
lendi
viscous or greasy matter.
lengai, melengai
lengam
lengang
lengas
lenggong
arm.
careless.
(See gencheh,
(M., lendir)
(See lengoi.)
(M., lengai, lalai)
(M., lengam)
sparse.
(M., lengang)
a species of tree with a sap that causes a rash.
(See longgong.)
lengkak, melengkak
chermin mata)
to wear eye glasses.
lengkod, melengkod
(M., bengkok?)
to bend a sampling over, as when getting at its fruit.
lengkok-lengkeh
lengkok?)
lengoi, melengoi
bumpy, of a road.
listless.
(See chelak.)
(M., orang pakai
(If of a body, say benkak-benkil.)
(See lengai.)
(M.,
(M., lengai)
lenguh, melenguh a sprain; to feel weak in the joints; to ache in the knees
from standing a long time. (See ketoh, leteh, tekih.) (M., lengoh)
lening to throw, hurl (for example, a piece of wood).
punkan.) (See lenchi, leseh.) (M., baling)
lenyap, melenyap
deserted.
(See senyap.)
17
(Syns., baling, benih,
(M., lenyap)
leohj
to vomit.
(Syn., muntah.)
(See also leach.)
(M., loya?)
lepok sound of slapping wet clothes on a board or on rocks (when they are
being washed). (M., lepok)
leseh, meleseh to throw a pointed projectile, such as a spear.
lening.) (M., membuangkan benda-benda halus atau pun puchok)
lesong
mortar; to pound in a mortar.
(See lenchi,
(M., lesong)
letah the final stage of decomposition of the body. The name of a Temuan
oath (sumpah) that means let my body rot (if I am guilty).
letak to put away, or down; to put on, wear (also santak).
(M., letak)
(Syn., bubu.)
letih weary. (Syns., penat, litak.) (See also buhan, geling, giluh,
jalipak, ketoh, lenguh, tekih.) (M., leteh)
lewat to eat little because one feels full, though actually not.
kenyang.) (M., lewat?)
(See jemu,
liah wild. O'ang liah, an early name for Temuan used by Malays.
alas.) (M., liar)
(See also
libang to hit sidewards with a stick or log (versus pukul, to hit downwards).
(Syn., lingkok.) (See also tikil.)
lichau
(See lehoi.)
lichau, melichau
lichin
lidah
lidi
liling
limau
finished.
(See also jempas, habis.)
slippery, smooth (versus kesat).
tongue.
(M., lidi)
(M., lilin)
lime, lemon, orange.
limau puruk
purut)
(M., lichin)
(M., lidah)
a snake with venom.
candle.
(M., sudah habis)
(M., limau)
a citrus fruit with white, sour meat; grows in the forest.
limbat to walk along swatting something, such as a shirt, at nothing in
particular.
limbat
a species of catfish.
(M., ikan limbat?)
18
(M.,
limchim pointed. (Syns., onching, semiluh, tajam.)
point (of a weapon, etc.), Besisi.]
(M., runching)
limpa
[S+B II, p. 592, chen,
(See keletok.)
limpang, melimpang
to walk lame.
(M., orang bejalan tempang)
limpat to scatter or settle down (of leaves, people) from a point far away.
(Also terlimpat.)
lindung, melindung
lindong)
shelter made of wood.
lingkah
(See langkak.)
lingkok
(See libang.)
linka, melinka
lintah
a coil; encircling.
the swamp leech.
(Syn., hinggu.)
(See empas.)
(M., lingkar)
(Others are panchat, lampai.)
(M., lintah)
lintang, melintang barrier; horizontal; across (as opposed to lujoh).
kalang.) (M., lintang)
lintas
lintong
(Syn.,
(See lalu.)
(See keletok.)
linyak, malinyak
lipan
(M.,
to splash feet in puddles.
centipede.
lipat, melipat
(M., tijak)
(M., lipan)
to fold up; a crease.
(M., lipat)
lipu, melipu to reconcile after a spat; to be reconciled with another person.
(M., lipor?)
lisah
restless (due to anxiety).
liseh
to fidget; restless.
(See liseh.)
(See lisah.)
litak weary. (Syns., letih, penat.)
Beduanda, Malacca.) (M., leteh)
lobang
hole.
(Also lubang.)
(M., lisah)
(M., lisah)
(S+B II, p. 740, litak, tired,
Lobang tahi, anus.
lodeh silt, mud (can sink in it past the ankles).
(M., lodak)
(M., lobang)
(See also lumpu, lecheh.)
lodoh a Temuan oath meaning may my internal organs rot (if I am guilty).
(See sumpah.) (M., lodoh: soft, as rotten fruit)
19
loh
to reach out for any object below.
(See also chapai, jenkau, spenyapai.)
loicht if rice is dribbling out of a jabeh (bag, pouch), one can say loicht
or pechah (burst) or bocho (leaking). (M., lukah)
lokak
a fish trap.
lolong
(M., lukah)
(See lompang.)
lompang "loose," of women. (Syns., lolong, hang.) Thus, "Lompang sagu" is
the name of a song sung by men about women who have spurned them, in which the
women are accused of being loose.
lompang
(See lapang.)
lomtan kelasar
(See lempong.)
longgoh, melonggoh to gather objects together.
people together is kompol.) (M., longgok)
(Also belangoh.)
longgong to hit, for example, the head of a crocodile.
(See pukul.)
(Also lenggong.)
longkas, melongkas deserted. (See also benguoh, lapang, senyap.)
dalam rumah atau kampong tidak ada orang langsong)
longkis blown down by wind, as a tree.
tehanpap.) (M., tumbang?)
longkok
to open by itself (of fruit).
longsui
(See hantu longsui.)
lori
truck.
(Syn., bungkis.)
dusky leaf monkey.
lubang
(See lobang.)
luchot, meluchot
di-tangan)
released or slipped out of the hand.
to spit; saliva.
wound.
(M., longkok?)
(M., lotong berchelak)
jumping with both feet together.
luka
(See tumbang,
(See buka, lungkok.)
luchat, meluchat
lujoh, melujoh
lujur? jajar?)
(M., di-
(Eng., lorry)
lotong
ludah
(To gather
(M., lonchat)
(M., luchut; terlepas
(M., ludah)
parallel (to), as opposed to lintang (perpendicular).
(M., luka)
20
(M.,
lumat
to pulverize(?).
(M., lumat)
lumi a pig wallow or children's play spot in the dust.
unli.)
lumo
(Syns., lumo, umil,
(See lumi.)
lumpat
to jump, leap.
(See luchat.)
(M., lompat)
lumpu
mud (deep; can sink in past knees).
lumut
lichen, moss (and algae?).
lunchor, melunchor
lunchor)
lunga
(See lodeh, lecheh.)
(M., lumut)
slipping forward or downward.
loose (of objects).
(M., lumpur)
(See lungso.)
(M.,
(M., longgar)
lungkok to eat a fruit like a rambutan where the seed cannot be discarded
before eating. (See kelip, longkok.)
longkong
drain, ditch.
lungso, melungso
(M., gelongsor)
(M., longkang)
to slip vertically down a pole or chute.
lunka, melunka to uncover, open, pluch out.
lukah, chabut, buka)
lunkat to open up by itself.
lunkat?)
luong, lekas luong
panas)
lupa, melupa
lus
knee.
M
ma'asoh
ma'anguh
megah?)
(Not used for fruit, see longkok.)
(See benges.)
(M.,
(M.,
(M., hati
(M., lopak)
level (versus ja'at).
lutut
(Syns., bunka, buka.)
quick to anger; irritable.
to forget.
(See lunchor.)
(Also betul.)
(M., lurus)
(M., lutut)
M
M
to suckle, nurse.
M
M
M
M
(M., asoh)
to exult over an event or deed.
21
(Syn., megah.)
(See ehyam.)
(M.,
magah
(See kalonk.)
mahado
(See mehado.)
ma'hajin, ma'hajin amat
mahal
expensive.
mahang
(M., rajin?)
(Syn., tayat.)
(M., mahal)
(See chuak.)
mahangot
mahong
mahu
too much.
(See menhangok.)
to stride through the water.
to want.
mahuntak
(Syns., henah, nak.)
(M., arong?)
(See hamol, kelih, onkok.)
(M., mahu)
(See intat.)
mai (imperative) come! (Also used are mai sini, mai chiun-ni, ajak, ajaklah.) (S+B II, p. 565, mai, come, Belandas, Mantra, also Cham). (M., mari)
main
to play. (M., main)
maiyang
makan
curly hair.
to eat.
makan penyudah
(M., mayang?)
(M., makan)
farewell dinner.
makan ramai-ramai
(M., kenduri selamat jalan)
a large feast.
makan tanah to eat earth (literally). This is what hill rice (huma) is said
to do to the land and is the reason why rice can only be planted once in a
forest clearing.
maki
(See hamun.)
malam
yesterday; night.
malas
lazy, reluctant to.
maling
(See baling.)
malong
embarassed.
malu
(M., malam)
(Syns., eagan, penyegan.)
(Also malu.)
(M., malas)
(See also belukant, keland.)
(M., malu)
(See malong.)
mamah
to crunch.
(Syn., suyap.)
(See also eata.)
mamai
to talk to oneself, without being aware of it, as in delirium or
22
(M., mamah)
illness.
mamak
(See chakap, onchonk, moloin.)
father's older brother.
(Skr., mamak: uncle)
mambang yellow clouds at sunset.
mambang)
mampus
mati)
man
dead.
where.
very stupid.
manai
crazy behavior.
to look at.
manchong
to bathe.
manek
beads.
manggil
mangis
mangkok
mangoh
(M., pandang)
(M., monchong)
(M., mandi)
(M., manik)
(See batuk.)
to call, summon.
(See panggil.)
mangosteen (a fruit).
bowl.
(M., mangis)
(M., mangkok)
to gaze fixedly in silence.
manka
half-ripe fruit.
ma'ong
(M., perangaian gila)
(Syns., me'ati, panang, tengok.)
(See che'eng.)
ma'ok
(M., terlampau bodoh)
(Syns., suku, tiga suku.)
manja
manusia
(M., mampus,
(M., nan)
(See also bodoh.)
snout, bird's bill.
mandi
mangak
(Syn., nan.)
(See also jampas.)
(M.,
(M., mana)
manai
manang
(See hantu mambang, hantu mamalang.)
(Syns., mati, me'enkah.)
who, which, that.
mana
(M., mamai)
humankind.
(Syn., temenong.)
(Syns., belum masak, menkah.)
(M., termenong)
(M., mentah, mangkar)
(Skr., manusia)
tragic results (of doing something dangerous or unusual).
(A., nahas)
(See kenggalong.)
marah
angry.
(See also benges, luong, merajau, sunggoh.)
masak
ripe; cooked.
(See also kelantak, manka, mentah.)
23
(M., marah)
(M., masak)
masam
sour; sour face.
(Syns., sim, somp.)
masing foreign, separate, singly.
feelings or attitude. (M., asing)
masok
enter.
(Also naik.)
(M., masam)
(Also asin.)
(See benchop.)
Hati masing means strange
(M., masok)
mat very tiny, such as certain seeds. [S+B II, p. 595, ma'at (Semang), matan
(Jakun), seed; p. 715, mat, small, Mantra.] (M., halus)
mata
eye.
mata hai
(M., mata)
the sun.
mata hai mati
west.
mata hai keluar
mati
(M., mata hari)
east.
(See mampus.)
matok the peck of a bird.
patok)
me'anah
pining away.
(Syn., chitok.)
(See choam.)
(See also nyetok, patok.)
(M.,
(M., rana)
measah
to be a female hustler of sexual partners (for oneself or for others).
measap
to smoke (for example, fish).
meatak
seam in water glass or in concrete.
me'ati
(See manang.)
me'ayak to pan for tin.
landa, ayak?)
meayau
me'ehung
me'elap
me'elent
Besisi.)
me'enk
me'enkah
me'esul
(M., merasap)
(Syn., te'alap.)
(M., lampan,
(M., merayau)
(Syns., nangis, melulung.)
multi-colored.
(M., mertak?)
(Syns., me'eyau, melampang, melanda.)
to prowl, wander along at random.
to cry.
(Syn., eatak.)
(M., tangis)
(M., champor-champoran warna)
to reflect light from the eyes(?). (S+B II, p. 707, alet, to shine,
(M., mata-mata binatang yang paling banyak di-kenakan dengan lampu.)
to grunt.
(M., tudat?)
(See mampus.)
to sleep.
(Syn., tido.)
(M., tidor)
24
me'eyau
(See me'ayak.)
megah
(See ma'anguh.)
megau
to talk in one's sleep; delirium.
(M., igau)
meh one or many years ago. (See also una-hai itu, several weeks or months
ago; entai, tai, several hours or days ago.)
mehado to travel around; to go visiting in order to get free refreshments.
(Also mahado.) (See betanang, menhangok.) (S+B II, p. 733, mah, people,
Besisi; mai, people, Semai; dol, house, Besisi, Perak Semai, etc.)
mehak
to clear the throat by coughing and swallowing phlegm.
mehayang to be "in the dark" about another's problems.
ayang, not, don't know, Pangan.) (M., mengalang?)
meheng
to smell, for example, a flower.
mehilai
(Syns., nium, tium.)
(M., chium)
(See helai.)
mehina
to insult (out of self-pity).
mehing, bain mehing
memereng)
(Skr., hina)
to lie on one's side.
mehinga
noisy.
mejudok
to shovel or ladle up.
(Also bising.)
(Also meheng.)
(M., baring
(M., ingar)
(Syn., sodok.)
(M., sodok)
(See jankod.)
melampang
melanda
(See me'ayak.)
(See me'ayak.)
melantong
very smelly.
(See busuk.)
(M., terlampau busok)
melat
a fish trap(?).
melau
to pare, as prickles from a pineapple.
melayang
melayau
(S+B II, p. 760,
(See mehing.)
mehidung
mekok
(M., mengak?)
(Syn., sekat.)
(M., belat)
(Syns., bayong, nabat.)
to glide, of a bird; to take a spill, of people.
(M., layang)
(See cha'ih.)
melebu storm; to warn children that they may cause a chalau, say, "Melebu
te'kalah." (Syns., ibut, chalau.) (M., ribut)
25
melensinh
pale.
(Syns., puchat, puchint.)
(M., puchat lesi)
melikat the soul of a dead person (as opposed to semangat, the soul of one
alive). (See also hantu melikat mawat.) (S+B II, p. 317, nabi melaikat, the
head of the Besisi and Jakun religion, who lived a long time ago when the sky
had 7 suns, 7 moons, 7 stars, and 7 rainbows. The last were really the 7
snake-souls of the serpent called naga melaikat. The serpent lies in a land
at the edge of the sky, with his head reaching to the gate of heaven. Also in
this land are 7 large birds, the garuda, and a gigantic elephant, which is
really an elephant soul.) (A., malaikat)
melinkok
to be unable to sit up on one's own (for example, an infant).
melochot
blistered.
melulung
(See me'ehung.)
memalu
(M., melechor, melechet)
(See balu.)
memekung
Semang.)
flatulence. (Syn., kentut.)
(M., kentut)
menagud
menah
(See lechu.)
trembling with age.
(S+B II, p. 709. mejekut, bellyache,
(Syns., gohgoh, menanguj.)
(See tuha.)
(See hakai.)
menang
to win.
menanguj
(M., menang)
(See menagud.)
menantu
son- or daughter-in-law.
(M., menantu)
menchel to get separated (of people traveling together).
(M., ke-lain?)
me'neong
(Syn., kelain.)
(See jangkang.)
mengachau
to stir, for example, a cup of coffee.
mengkuang argus pheasant; a kind of screwpine (Pandanus species) whose leaves
are used for mat making. (M., mengkuang)
mengoh
(See esau.)
menhagok to go visiting to watch the activities and hope for handouts of
food. (Also mahangot.) (See mehado, betanang.)
menih to plant rice in a nursery.
semai)
(Syn., semai.)
26
(M., menanam beneh padi;
menkah
(See manka.)
menkond
(See senyap.)
mentah uncooked; incompletely cooked (of rice).
(M., mentah)
menteh
cold and numb, as of hands in cold weather.
menyeah
to surrender borrowed or stolen goods.
menyiadi
to grin, chuckle.
red.
merajau
(See also sedang.)
(M., merah)
to be angry a long time.
merang
(M., menyerah, meresap?)
like a rich boy begging at a poor man's house.
meragah
merah
(See also kelantak, manka.)
Malay weasel.
merang-merang
merangkak
(See marah.)
(Also hisang masak.)
yellow-throated martin.
to crawl.
(M., pulasan)
(M., mengkira)
(M., merangkak)
merbau, pokok merbau a species of forest hardwood tree (Afzelia Palembanica)
from which jemalang can issue forth 10 to 20 years after the tree has died and
fallen down. (M., merbau)
merih
to be springy, as rubber soles on shoes.
merumpuh
me'ulah
miang
mientah
mihah
to cut low grass (rumput).
(See also tebas.)
(M., merumput?)
(See ulah.)
itching.
(M., miang)
(See minta.)
diarrhea.
(See also bihah.)
mimang truly; naturally; "That's the way it is." (Used in the same way as
yet-lah and sapa lagi.) Badan besar-besar gajah mimang, (its) body was as big
as an elephant, truly. (M., memang, bagitu)
min'ang
to light a brush fire.
minang
to be engaged.
minggu
Sunday.
(See also chalenk, chengoi.)
(M., meminang)
(Also tujoh hai.)
(M., hari minggu)
27
(M., mindang?)
minggu
minkas
minta
week. (M., minggu)
(See bingkas.)
to ask for.
minyak
(Also mientah.)
oil; gasoline.
(See chan'og, rayu.)
(M., minta)
(M., minyak)
moh (imperative) move! let's go! (Syn., jalan.) (Temuan also say, "Apa lagi
kita-tai!" or "Lekas!") (S+B II, p. 620, moh, to go, Mantra and Orang Asli of
Rasa, Selangor.) (M., jalan)
moi
mother.
(Also emak.)
(M., emak)
moloin to mumble to oneself (unconsciously of it).
also besungut, mamai.)
monkah
the grey (silvered) leaf monkey.
monkin (KKB dialect) Apa monkin?
is the same as pasal or muat.
moyang
muat
(Also buat.)
face.
mula
the first, the beginning.
mulut
mumong
Monkin
(M., buat)
(S+B II, p. 671, muh, nose,
(Skr., muka)
mouth.
(Syns., sulong, dulu.)
tailless fruit bat.
mun, ayi mun
dew.
to vomit.
(M., chechadu tak berekor)
(Large ones are kubong.)
(M., tupai
(M., embun)
(Syn., leohj.)
musang alioh, musang lenseng
(M., muntah)
small-toothed civit.
musang ampau
common palm civit.
musang jebat
Malay civit.
musang langkap
(M., mula)
(M., mulut)
mumau (any) small flying squirrel.
terbang)
muntah
What happened?
(M., moyang)
muh cartilage at tip of nose. (See selimuh.)
Semang, Mantra, Besisi, Ulu Langat Temuan.)
muka
(See
(M., lotong kelabu)
What's going on?
great-grandparent; ancestor.
to do, make.
(Syn., onchonk.)
(M., musang akar)
(M., musang pulut)
(M., tenggalong)
masked palm civit.
(M., musang lamri)
28
musang menturun
binturong.
(M., benturong)
mutang rambutan (the fruit). Mutang gadong is the name of an old song; there
is a species of rambutan called rambutan gading in Malay. (M., rambutan)
N
N
nabat
N
N
N
N
(See melau.)
nabi creator of the world; has various names, including Tuhan.
be directed to this creator. (A., nabi)
nabuh to scatter (for example, seeds in feeding chickens).
(M., tabor)
nadi
pulse, heartbeat.
naga
dragon.
(See hantu jemalang.)
nageh
refusal.
(M., menyamah)
(M., ta' mahu)
here; take it.
to prohibit.
(M., nah)
(Syns., nankan, tahan, tankan.)
nahoint well! so! (Jinjang dialect).
Bukit Lanjan uses hawa.)
nahongt
(Also tabuh.)
(Skr., naga)
to fish by groping under water.
nahan
Thoughts can
(M., nadi)
nagau
nah
N
(Also apoh.)
(M., tahan)
(Serendah uses woih;
to whistle.
naik ascend (house ladder) (see also naki); come in! Other expressions of
invitation into a house include mana ada-nya? (literally, where are they/is
he?); jangan di-sebut lagi (literally, don't talk about it further); lehoi;
lichau; pegek-lah ajih-nya kalau ada lagi; ada henk lagi; and tungok-nya
kajek-tu. (See also jankat, nungah, nyulang.) (M., naik)
nail
najih
nak
nakal
to fish with a hook (a taju).
(See umpan.)
(M., kail)
(See tajih.)
to want, intend.
(M., nak)
mischievous, perverse.
(Also jahat, muat kelakuh.)
(M., nakal)
nakar, menakar a scratch mark; to scratch, of a cat (also nygukuk.)
chicken's scratching, see kekas and also gau. (M., chakar, kuku)
29
For a
nakek rough or uneven cutting.
tarah)
naki
to climb a hill.
nala
always; (Syn., nonong.)
nala ada
(Syns., nungah, nyangkat, nyulang.)
to crease, wrinkle.
nalai
(See bedalai.)
nama
(M., kedut)
(M., nali)
to imitate another's speech.
name.
nampa
nampak
nampoun
(M., daki)
(M., selalu)
one's turn, during play.
nalih
(M., takek,
a very long time.
nalah
nali
(Syns., taka, talat, tokek.)
(Syn., gelah.)
to slap.
to see.
(Syn., enyap di-alih.)
Nama lachong, play name.
(Syns., tampa, tembi.)
(Syn., tahoi.)
while; for a time.
(M., nama)
(See tepok.)
(See also tengok.)
(M., ajok, tiru)
(M., tampar)
(M., nampak)
(M., sementara, sekejap)
nan who, which, that. (Syn., man.) Nan ini sikit, (move) a little farther
away (syns., kachau, kechoin); nan ini lagi: this, there, here. (S+B II, p.
757, nan kamana? where are you (going)? Orang Laut.) (M., nan, yang)
nanah
pus.
(M., nanah)
nanggah to look straight up for a short while.
(M., menanga?)
nanggoh
to postpone.
(Syn., nya'ok.)
nanggong to bear up under, support.
tanggong)
nangis, menangis
nangka
nangkal
nankan
to cry.
(See also dengga, panang.)
(M., tanggoh)
(See also measah, hidap.)
(Syns., me'ehung, melulung.)
jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus).
(M.,
(M., tangis)
(M., nanka)
(See tangkal.)
(See nahan.)
nanti to wait for. (See tunggoh.) Jangan main panas, nanti kena hawa, don't
play hard, you'll catch a cold. (M., nanti)
30
napas
breath.
napu
nas
(M., nafas)
large mouse deer.
nurse.
nasi
(Also pelandok.)
(M., napoh)
(Eng.)
cooked rice.
(See also be'as, padi, mentah.)
nasib
luck, fate.
natap
to scan (an area).
(M., nasi)
(A., nasib)
(Also tatap.)
(M., tatap, pandangan seluroh)
nating to lift or stomp. Nating buloh, to pound bamboo tubes for a musical
effect (M., alu buloh). (See also tating.)
naus deathly look of a person who contemplates his death, not due to illness
[versus the look of one gravely ill (tenat)].
nayos
(See tayos.)
nebang
(See tebang.)
nebas-tairs to cut grass with a nebas (downward) and then tairs (upward)
motion of the pisau (knife). (See also lebas.)
nempak
(See chempak.)
nempuh
going past.
nenang
(See tendang.)
nenas
pineapple.
nenching
(Syns., tempuh, lalu.)
(See pegi.)
(M., lalu)
(M., nenas)
to urinate.
(See kenching.)
(M., kenching)
nengkin to dispute, object, protest. (Also tengkin.) (See also tengka,
kelahi, begaduh.) (S+B II, p. 513, tekeng, angry, Jakun, Johore.) (M.,
bantah, bangkang)
nengko to tap out (contents of a tin).
tankah, to tap, Pangan.)
nengkod
(Also tengko.)
(S+B II, p. 727, ya-
(See changkok.)
nenkeh
sound of tapping on metal.
(Also tenkeh.)
(See nengko.)
nenkeh
to hit heads with fists to get them out of the way.
(See pukul.)
nentang to see. (Syns., panang, tengok.) (See also nampak.)
704, nen, neng, to see, Senoi Sakai.) (M., tengok)
31
(S+B II, p.
netas to be hatched (of eggs).
tetas)
(See telo.)
(M.,
ngeleting flirtatious, promiscuous, of a female. (Also engeleting.)
males, see jaleh, gelinya.) (See also jalan, gatal, sundal.)
(For
ngahak
to clear one's throat.
ngerong
ngeseh
(M., dahak)
to hail with delight someone who arrives.
to play the violin is ngeseh biula.
ngetuk, ngetuk gong
ngilang
ngin
(Syns., tetas, jantas.)
(See pukul.)
(See hilang.)
fainting(?)
ngjat
to hit a gong.
(M., gesek)
(Syns., pingsang, pana.)
wish, desire.
(M., pening? pengsan? panah?)
(A., hajat)
ngohaih
to clean the ears is ngohaih telinga.
ngowenk
(See koweng.)
nguhmuh
dough.
to mix and squeeze sludgy material with hands, as in mixing flour
ngupas
to peel fruits or vegetables.
-ni (suffix)
this, here.
(See also -teh.)
niau
to carry under the arm.
niba
(See siba.)
nibung
(M., merupas)
a sp. of stemmed, forest palm.
(M., ini, sini)
(M., nibung)
nidai to deny a fact or the possession of something, untruthfully.
opat.) (M., bohong?)
nideh
to boil.
(Syn.,
(M., dideh)
nido
when one person sleeps and another watches over her or him.
nieu
winnowing tray for rice.
nikah
to be married; to marry.
nikai
watermelon.
(M., nyiru)
(Syn., bersama.)
(M., tembikai)
32
(M., nikah, kawin)
nikil
(See tikil.)
nilai
worth, value.
(M., nilai)
niluk feeling of acidic corrosion of teeth, due to eating buah masam, sour
fruits.
nimoh, menyimoh
ningka
to hang clothes up to dry.
(See also jemo.)
(M., sidai)
(See tingka.)
ninik
grandfather.
(M., nenek)
nipah
the nipa palm.
nipis
thin, of flat objects.
nisan
any upright grave marker.
(M., nipah)
(See ku'us.)
(M., nipis)
(Persian, nesan)
nisan lebah honey. (S+B II, p. 633, nisan, honey, Beduanda, Johol, Negri
Sembilan.) (M., madu)
nium
(See mehidung.)
nongkah dago
nongkeh
nonko
to sit with chin in hands.
(See tongkeh.)
(See donko.)
nonong, menong always; continually (happens). (Syn., nala.) (S+B II, p.
732, nong, there, that, Besisi; menong, since, Sakai; nono, this, Negri
Sembilan Orang Asli.) (M., selalu)
nyengong
nuai
immature ears of corn, 1-2 inches long, eaten whole.
to harvest rice (usually nuai padi).
(See toing.)
(M., tuai)
nuhlah resemblance; condition in which a child resembles the like-sex parent.
In this case, if friends ask to adopt the child, the child must be given
away, otherwise one of the two look-alikes will die. The Temuan say this is
why adoption is so common among them. To avoid giving a child away, if one is
clever, one can successfully tangkal to buang jemalang (cast out the spirit).
Part of the tangkal involves drilling a hole in the child's ear (lobe?).
(See tahi lalat.)
nuik
nun
to drag, haul a heavy load. (See also pikul.)
there, yonder.
nungah
(Syns., situ, tun.)
(See naki.)
33
(M., tarek)
(M., jauh, di-sana)
nunggah
(See tunggah.)
nunggoh
(See tunggoh.)
nusong
(See beranak.)
-nya (suffix)
nyala
showing possession.
to flare up, blaze.
(M., nyala)
nyalah to become incarnate.
jadi orang)
nyalai
(M., -nya)
(Syn., jadi o'ang.)
(See hantu sebu'u.)
(M.,
(See salai.)
nyalak the usual bark of a dog. Anjing nyalak, nyap salak; the dog is just
barking at random, not barking on the trail of prey.
nyamba
(See simba.)
nyamok
mosquito.
nyangkat
(M., nyamok)
(See naki.)
nyanyi
to sing.
(Syn., telala.)
nya'ok
(See nanggoh.)
(See also besioi.)
(M., nyanyi)
nyap not, no. (Also enyap.) Some Semai have been known to call Temuan "Mai
Nyap," the "nyap" people. (S+B II, p. 604, nyap, no, not, Mantra, Besisi.)
(M., tidak)
nyawa
the body.
nyeh-nyeh
nyehit
(M., nyawa)
to run away.
(M., lari?)
to scrawl or otherwise write poorly.
nyelap, penyakit nyelap a disease in which one becomes deathly ill in one to
two hours and usually dies. (M., selap?)
nyeleh
to shake.
nyeliat
nyemuh
Nyeleh bulu, to shake, of a dog.
to stretch after awakening.
to spit (of a snake, but not of people).
nyengseng
to roll up (for example, sleeves).
nyentap napas
to inhale.
(M., tarek nafas?)
34
(See ludah.)
(M., singsing)
(M., sembor)
nyentim
(See omet.)
nyesak
asthmatic breathing.
nyesel
to feel regret, sorrow.
nyetok
(See patok.)
nygukuk
nyiba
(M., sesal)
(See nakar.)
(See siba.)
nyimal-menimal
nyimba
to balance on a fulcrum.
(M., timbal)
(See simba.)
nyongul
(See gongul.)
nyonkok shovel, ladle. (Syns., sodok, chonkok.) (S+B II, p. 722, chongkoh,
to scoop up; chongkih, spoon, Besisi). (M., sodok)
nyulang
nyulat
(See tongkeh.)
nyulu
(See rotan.)
nyumpah
nyunga
nyus
(See naki.)
(See sumpah.)
quick-tempered, cruel.
(M., bengis)
to wane (of the moon).
0
o'ang
(Syn., benges.)
0
human.
0
0
0
0
0
(M., orang)
o'ang alas an early name for Temuans used by Malays, so-called because the
Temuan didn't eat salt. (Jav., alas)
o'ang asli
o'ang China
o'ang dagang
o'ang Dayak
the original people of West Malaysia.
Chinese.
a foreigner.
Dayak (Bornean).
35
o'ang gunong mountain people; used by Temuans to describe those o'ang asli
who live at high elevations.
o'ang joboh
Malay.
o'ang keling
(S+B II, p. 654, jebo, jobo, Besisi)
Tamil.
o'ang lain
a stranger.
o'ang laut
sea people (boat living).
o'ang liah
an early name for Temuans used by Malays.
o'ang Melayu
Malay.
o'ang Mengali
o'ang pigi
(M., liar)
Bengali.
African.
o'ang putih
white person.
o'ang sakai
an early name for Temuans used by white people, it is said.
o'ang salah
a wrongdoer.
o'ang serani
Eurasian.
o'ang tanah tujoh people on earth (see also manusia); literally, people of
the seventh layer of the world (see also kelam).
o'ang tanjan lowland or foothill people; used by Temuans of northern Selangor
state in reference to themselves. (M., tanjong: river bend)
oap
oh
to yawn.
(See hwap.)
(M., kuap)
said when a person thinks another doesn't understand him.
(Also oluh.)
oiyang to enjoy a party, dancing, or the like, but not used for food.
suka riah)
oiyang
oiyet
(M.,
a small insect with a pleasant song, heard in the afternoon.
afraid.
(M., takut)
okam a hardwood tree with thorns and a sap that causes a skin rash.
kayu okam?)
(M.,
olang repeated action, as when someone comes to visit often without being
invited. (Syns., galoi, enchis, ganles.) (M., berulang tiap-tiap hari)
36
oloi
"Hoo bukan oloi jauh," means "It's not very far away."
oloi-nya
oluh
very true.
(M., sunggoh, betul)
(See oh.)
omand the "look" of a person. The Temuan depend on this to determine a
person's character. (See also kelakoh, peangai.) (M., roman)
ombak
waves.
omet
Rambut ombak laut, wavy hair.
to touch things.
ompek
(Syn., nyentim.)
(M., ombak)
(See chalint.)
(See kopak.)
onak, onak duih
onang
curved thorn; barbed; hooked.
affectionate.
onchan
bag.
(Syn., che'eng.)
(Syn., jabeh.)
(M., manja)
(M., buntil)
onchih to disarrange arranged objects.
membuka barang)
onching
pointed.
(M., onak)
(Syn., uyat.)
(Syns., limchim, semiluh, tajam.)
onchonk to mumble to oneself (unconsciously of it).
besungut, mamai.)
ong
(See buka.)
(M.,
(M., runching)
(Syn., moloin.)
(See
(See hong.)
onkai, menonkai to be hostile a long time (to the point of fighting with, or
not even speaking to, the person a year later). (Also onket.) (See benchi.)
(M., perkara yang lama akan di-kembali)
onket, menyonket
(See onkai.)
onkoi leaning to one side, of trees.
chondong)
(Syns., chonong, bungkok.)
onkok to desire strongly. (Syn., hamol.) (See mahu.)
nenok, to want, Mantra.) (M., sangat hendak terlebih)
onkong
backbone.
(Also unkong.)
(M.,
(S+B II, p. 751,
(M., tulang rongkong?)
onoh said to a pet pig-tailed macaque, the be'uk, to tell him to go bite
someone (M., orang kepunya'an berok, berkata "onoh," suroh mengigi pada siapasiapa-nya); a name given to this pet (also jan) or to a pet long-tailed
macaque, the ke'ah (also yen).
opa
oldster.
(M., opa, from Dutch?)
37
opan
palm frond sheath.
(M., upang?)
opat, meopat to deny a fact or possession of something untruthfully.
nidai.) (See also bohong.) (M., bohong?)
osonk placenta. (See also bantal.)
sok, placenta, Khmer.)
(S+B II, p. 667, sonk, navel, Semai;
otak
brains.
owas
(See penuas, sa-owas.)
oweh
(interjection) like a disbelieving "humpf" in English.
P
pachat
(Syn.,
(M., otak)
P
P
P
the common forest leech.
pachuk a prop; to support.
occurs, the props fall.
P
P
(Others are lampai, lintah.)
P
(M., pachat)
Bilah tulah, jatoh papah, pachuk; when misfortune
padan
adequate, fitting.
padam
to extinguish a fire or a light (versus pasang); to erase.
(M., padam)
padi irrigated rice (versus huma); rice in the husk (versus be'as, nasi).
Padi melinjar, a kind of rice planted by Temuan. Semangat padi, the "soul of
the rice." (See toing.) (A feast is held after the rice harvest.) (M.,
padi)
paduk
solid, compact.
pagar
fence.
pagi
morning.
paha
thigh.
(M., padat)
(M., pagar)
(M., pagi)
(M., paha)
pahabong open (unceilinged) apex roof, whether thatched or not.
thatched ridge covering of building)
pahau
(See hau.)
pahit
bitter.
paik, ikan paik
(M., pahit)
skate or ray.
(M., pari)
38
(M., rabong:
pait
(See hantu pait.)
pajar
to lease.
(Dutch, pajak)
pajung tap root of tree, 5 to 6 feet long; metaphorically, the head of the
family. (See also tungkah, humbi, jangka.)
pakai
imau.
to wear, put on, use.
(M., pakai)
pakaian
pakat
(See bubu, letak, santak.)
Imau pakai, see
clothes.
pact, agreement.
(A., pakat)
paku a fern. Paku hoban, a bracken-like fern. Paku seleleh, another
species; the edible fronds are reddish. (M., paku)
paku
nail.
(M., paku)
pala head. Pala ku'ah, figuratively unable to make up one's mind about what
one wants (syn., sungsang). (M., kepala)
palim
twisting, of a river.
palong
(M., paling?)
sluice for sedimenting tin from ore.
palu
to strike with a stick.
pama
flat land.
pana
bow and/or arrow.
(M., palong)
(M., palu)
(M., pama)
(M., panah)
panang to look at (see jetok, chemes, lemin). Panang umah, to awaken
(literally, to look at the house). (See also engek, to peer; dengak, nanggah,
to peer up; denkeh, to peer around; jenkok, to peer momentarily; jeling, to
glance sideways.) (M., pandang)
panas
hot.
(M., panas)
panau
discolored patches of skin caused by a fungus; tinea.
panching to fish with a line.
panching)
panchis, machis
matches.
(M., panau)
(Temuan usually say nail, instead.)
(M.,
(Eng.)
panchout to squirt water. (Syn., siam.) Ayi panchout, the running water
outlet of a water pipe (traditionally made of lengths of bamboo). (M.,
panchit)
panggang
to roast (fish, etc.) in penyepit, a tong holder.
39
(M., panggang)
panggil
to call; to address someone.
panggu
(M., panggil)
(Bu'ong panggu is bu'ong garuda, which see.)
pangkal beginning; the first, for instance, bini pangkal, the first wife (but
anak sulong means first child).
pangkat rank (such as in a kindred), stage, degree. Pangkat turun, the
degree to which two people are related by descent. Pangkat tuan, to achieve
high status. (M., pangkat)
pangking
bed platform.
(See also banting.)
pangkok posterior, buttocks.
punggun.) (M., pungkor)
pangku, mermangku
(M., pangku)
pangsa
house.
panjang
panjat
(Ch., pangking)
(Syns., chundong, patat, pungkok.)
to hold between chest and forearms.
a segment, such as a segment of an orange.
(M., pangsa)
long (versus pendek).
to climb a tree.
(See
(See also chadong.)
Umah pangsa, apartment
(M., panjang)
(M., panjat)
pantak to pound (with a hammer or rock, for example); to drive nails.
pantak)
pantang
pantat
puki.)
taboo.
(M.,
(M., pantang)
female posterior (or genital area?).
(M., pantat)
(See also bued, chani, kelintet,
panting four days hence; the day after tulat.
tulat, panting.
The sequence is esok, lusa,
pantun improvised verses of four lines each, sung by two people alternately,
each striving to be more original in composition (ideally, a contest between a
man and a woman). (M., pantun)
papah prop, support; to pick up with the aid of a support (versus hating or
pichip). (M., papah)
papan
board.
(See tulang.)
parah
severe (of a wound).
pasal
cause, because.
(M., papan)
(M., parah)
Apah pasal, why.
40
(See tegal.)
(M., fasal)
pasang to erect a building; to light (a lamp); to set in position. (See
chalenk, min'ang.) Pasang duit, to bet on (a fight, etc.). Pasang ja'ing, to
set up a fish net. Sa-pasang, a pair (of shoes, etc.) (M., pasang)
pasi
pasput
pasu
sand.
(M., pasir)
identity card.
(Eng., passport)
food bowl, flower pot.
(M., pasu)
patah broken clean through, of rigid objects. Sa-patah, a piece, as in sapatah sa-pantun, a verse of a pantun. (M., patah)
pateh
loud thunder.
(See also buroh.)
patok the bite of a snake.
patok)
patong
clown.
patyu-patyu
mahu demam)
patut
(Also nyetok.)
Anak patong, a doll.
(Syn., siyu-siyu.)
scar.
paya
swamp, marsh.
payong
payuh
(M., badan mulai
Buah pauh, a kind of wild mango.
(M., parut)
(M., paya)
payah difficult; serious (of illness).
difficult.
payau
(M.,
(M., patut)
pauh a quarter chupak (half coconut shell).
(M., pauh)
paut
(See also matok, chitok.)
(M., patong)
onset of fever (see demam).
fair, proper.
(S+B II, p. 738, pateh, Jakun.)
brackish.
umbrella.
Nyap payah, not necessary; not
(M., payau)
(M., payong)
(See kuning.)
peangai disposition, nature (wicked). (See also jahat, omand, kelakoh.)
perangai)
(M.,
pechah to break, burst open; to split bamboo (and flatten it to make
flooring?); to become separated from traveling companions. Kachang pechah,
the peanuts are scattered. Demam pechah, sporadic fever
(See tajik,
loicht.) (M., pechah)
pechah-pechah
tattered clothes.
(Hindi, percha: a rag)
41
pedah result. Nyap pedah, useless, unprofitable.
OK. (M., pedah)
pedang
sword, bayonet.
Adah pedah, it worked out
(M., pedang)
pedas
spicy hot (like chillis).
pedeh
(See bedeh.)
(M., pedas)
pedi to smart, sting, irritate (for example, skin). Jangan geleh peli, pedi,
nenching, don't grab (the baby's) penis, he'll get irritated and urinate.
(M., pedeh?)
pedi
high fertility.
(Skr., peridi)
peduli
to care, concern onself.
pegang
to hold.
(Also duli.)
(See jelud.)
(See lemin, chemis, omet, nyentim.)
(M., feduli)
(M., pegang)
pegek said as an invitation to enter one's house: Pegek-lah ajih-nya kalau
ada lagi. (See also naik.)
pegi to go. (See also moh, lalu, nempuh, lai, ehgat.)
advance (as of an army). (M., pergi)
pegok
Pegi depan, to
stewed (meat, etc.).
pehong, pehong kayu
tree (of) wood.
(M., pohon)
pe'inka a meeting house or building(?); a building having different
levels(?). (Syn., perangan.) (See also balai.) (M., perengkat? peringat?)
peinkat
pejam
levels, floors.
tired (of eyes).
(M., tingkat)
(M., pejam)
pejoh, hujan pejoh raining steadily for days or weeks.
incessant, of rain.)
pekak deaf. Sa-pekak, the deaf one.
bisuk.) (M., pekak)
pekal
(Pah., perjar:
(See hantu senyakala.)
(See also
(See bekal.)
pekat sticky and thick. Susu pekat: sweetened, condensed milk (the only milk
Temuan buy). (M., pekat)
pekeh
to strangle with hands.
pekek
scream.
(Syn., senit.)
(Syns., chekek, senat.)
42
(M., peket? chekek?)
(M., pekek)
pekih to split open a palm for humut (palm cabbage).
chempeh, pencheh.) (M., belah)
pekililing
pelahan
encircling.
an actor.
pelamin
pelandok
(M., pelakun)
(Eng., plan?)
large mouse deer.
(Also napu.)
pelangi to scrub the head, etc.
used as a soap.)
pelantar
peli
(M., perlahan)
(See temiang.)
map.
pelat
(See lemoi, supen.)
bridal dais. (M., pelamin)
pelampong
pelan
(M., pekililing)
slow; late in arriving.
pelakung
(See also belah,
house porch.
pelingang
pelipat
pelita
pemburus
(See also beklang, belengong.)
Buah peli, testicles.
(M., pelir)
to glance.
hollow behind knee.
kerosene lamp.
peloh panas
peloyn
(G+T, p. 140, M., langir, a fibrous bark
(M., pelantor: platform)
to hit with rattan.
penis.
(M., napoh)
sweat.
(M., pelipatan)
(M., pelita)
(M., peloh panas)
to remove, gouge out.
(See also chunkil.)
a manager is an o'ang pemburus.
(M., chungkil)
(M., pengurus)
pemudah a biological father is ayah pemudah, as opposed to an adopting
father, ayah angkat.
pen'angkop standing, dead tree trunk.
punggor, ranka?)
penapat
(See tenong.)
pencheh
to split open.
pendek
short.
penemu
to join onto.
(Syns., kayu mati, punggu.)
(See also chempeh, pekih.)
(See also suntot, kantek, te'ekenk.)
(Syn., sambong.)
43
(M., temu)
(M., belah)
(M., pendek)
(M.,
pengal
to break off at the wrong place.
(See sendok.)
(Also pungal.)
penganti
a ladle(?).
pengapit
bride's or groom's helper.
pengatin
bride, groom.
pengayoh
pedal (of bicycle, etc.).
penglima
an offical Temuan title, much below batin.
to faint, black out.
penguku
a coconut grater.
pengyat
(M., pengapit: supporter)
(M., pengayoh)
(Also pingsang.)
(M., tulang chenak?
vertigo; dizzy.
full.
(M., penglima)
(M., pengsan)
(M., kukur?)
to light (a fire, lamp, etc.).
pening
penoh
clavicle.
(M., sendok)
(M., pengatin)
pengsan
pengyalas
(See putus.)
tulang selangka?)
(See also pasang.)
(M., pening)
(M., penoh)
penteguh to have the look of being frozen with fear.
berdebah.) (M., tegun; pandangan terkejut)
(Syn., suyun.)
(See
penuas an air-passage device (such as puchok bertam belum bunga, the shoot of
the bertam palm before flowering) stuck at the right side of the head of a
grave when a body is buried. It has no hole, but has air passages along the
leaf stems.) (M., ruas? turas?)
penuwas
(See penuas.)
penyabit
office.
penyaden
(See hantu.)
penyagen
backcloth is called kain penyagen.
penyakit
disease.
penyakit ba'ohl
penyakit basal
Tuan penyabit, an official.
(See also sakit.)
(M., pejabit)
(M., penyakit)
liver disease(?); stomach flu(?).
(See basal.)
penyakit batu said to be like penyakit kunchi; gallstones(?). For this
condition, there is a pantang (taboo) on eating durian, ikan paik, hular, and
babi--to prevent the condition returning. A little lada is permitted. There
is no pantang on eating tupai, sikah, lotong, gila-bau, tengilling, most fish,
44
pelandok, or rusa.
penyakit bosong
(See bosong.)
penyakit kunchi
jaundice with liver and gall bladder ailment.
penyakit kunchi penyah
arthritis.
(Also sanih.)
penyakit lelah asthma, exhaustion. (See ankin, je'eh, halimp.) (See hantu
kenait for origin of this condition.) (See also jaland, je'en, sekung.)
penyakit pekong
penyal
yaws.
(See also pepuru, sepan, setu.)
(M., pekong)
an animal trap.
penyapu
a broom.
(M., penyapu)
penyegan
lazy, reluctant.
(Syns., eagan, malas, segan.)
penyegat
any hymenopteran insect (bee, wasp, etc.).
penyepit
tongs.
(M., segan)
(M., penyegat)
(M., penyepit)
penyiki stingy, unfriendly, versus ramah. (Syn., hamak.) (See also
chengyel, which is stronger: always miserly, etc.) (M., kedekut)
penyin tuntung
penyugal
a (sea?) turtle.
a dibble stick.
penyunkul
penyu'uh
toothpick.
(M., tugal?)
(M., penchungkil)
eaves of wood (if of leaves or fronds, unjai).
pepuru
yaws.
perada
cloth with silver or gold threads.
perah
(See penyakit pekong.)
(M., penyuru atap)
(M., puru)
(Portuguese, perada)
(See buah.)
perangan
(See pe'inka.)
perantan season, such as perantan buah
(durian season).
perchaya
perengkong
perentah
trust, faith.
throat.
(fruit season), perantan durian
(Skr., perchaya)
(M., kerengkang)
government rule.
Perentah British, British rule in Malaya.
45
peria
a ribbed cucumber with a bitter taste.
perigi
well (of water).
Also telaka.
periok
saucepan, cooking pot.
pernah
ever, already.
(M., perigi)
(M., periok)
(M., pernah)
perut abdomen, stomach; uterus (also tian, sa'ang pe'anak).
langos.) Perut kosong, hunger (also lapa). (M., perut)
perut lichin
(See also
stomachache.
petai a legume tree with large edible beans in 6 to 12 inch-long pods (Parkia
speciosa). Sa-keping petai: one pod; sa-pudung petai: a bunch of pods. (M.,
petai)
petang
afternoon.
(M., petang)
petenah to brag. (Syn., chuna.)
khabar-khabar angin; chura?)
(See also ehyam, megah, ma'anguh.)
(M.,
petek to pluck (flower, fruit, or stringed instrument) (also puntil); to
flick (also entik). (To strum a stringed instrument is enjis.) (M., petek)
peti
box; coffin.
Peti ais, ice box.
pichah
erect (of plants, etc).
pichip
to pick up with the fingers.
pi'ing
small plate or saucer.
pijah
to step, tread on.
pijat
bedbug.
piki
(M., peti)
(M., pichit)
(Also chepeh.)
(M., piring)
(M., pijak)
(M., pijat)
to think, ponder.
(A., fikir)
pikul
to carry a weight.
(See also nuik.) (M., pikul)
pilih
to select, choose.
(M., pileh)
pin
pin.
Pin baju, safety pin.
(Eng.)
pinang
betel nut.
(M., pinang)
pindah
to move (household).
pinduh
a plant used in a love potion is buloh pinduh.
(Syn., bahubah.)
46
(M., pindah)
pinggang
waist.
(M., pinggang)
pinggat
to burn oneself on a fire.
pingkah
lame with a stiff leg; bowlegged(?).
pingsang
to faint(?).
(Syns., pengsan, ngin, pana.)
pinjam
to borrow.
pintal
to twine, twist, braid.
pintol
burned end (of cigarette, log).
pintu
door.
pinyulam
pipi
pipih
(Syn., timpang.)
(Also ami sekijap.)
(M., pengkar)
(M., pengsan? pening?)
(M., pinjam)
(M., pintal)
(Also pontol.)
(M., puntong)
(M., pintu)
bamboo hair comb (worn by females in the olden days).
cheeks.
(M., pipi)
flat, versus bulat, round.
pipit, bu'ong pipit
(M., pipeh)
sparrows and other passerine birds.
(M., pipit)
pisang banana (many edible kinds, such as bun, jai, mas, minyak, sanangka,
susu, tok).
(S+B II, pp. 523-524, entok, banana, Besisi, Mantra; kentok,
wild banana, Sakai; tok, wild banana, Besisi; jai, banana, Sakai.) (M.,
pisang)
pisau knife. Pisau belanda, table (Dutch) knife.
blade. (M., pisau)
pitam
to faint, followed by dizziness.
Pisau sa-belati, razor
(M., pitam)
plet to observe, study; to remember something learned long ago(?); wisdom(?).
(See also tannung.) (M., hiran?)
plet dart cases: a bundle of reeds in a quiver, each holding one blowpipe
dart. (S+B II, p. 688, plet, Besisi, Mantra, Jakun.)
poing
a whiny child.
pokok tree. (See kayu, inkak, rindang, janka.) (For some specific tree
names, see bechin, chengal, durian, getah, je'eng, jelotong, jerantang,
lebang, lengas, limau, okam, petai, pulai, pungai, puntat, taban, etc.) (M.,
pokok)
pokok bakau
pokok paku
mangrove.
(M., bakau)
tree fern.
47
pokok ruh
poloi
pondok
po'os
(M., ru)
to leave.
hut, shelter.
pontianak
pontol
conifer(?); casuarina.
(See pundong.)
(M., pondok)
(See hantu.)
(See pintol.)
musty smell.
popeh rubbish, trash; graffiti. Hau di-popeh, don't strew rubbish (around in
here). (See chaloi.) (M., sepah?)
popoit
rotted wood.
popol
to massage lightly (versus ramas).
posok
(See posut.)
pospen
posut
poting
the customary fee for a bride is emas pospen.
lungs.
(Also posok, pusu.)
(M., paruparu)
a pacifier.
potong to cut, slice. Potong hayam, to kill a chicken.
rubber trees. (See kerat, lanchi.) (M., potong)
poyoh, poyoh tanah
Potong susu, to tap
(See bu'ong.)
puah kala a saying for counteracting or dissipating a possible ill effect,
such as when one feels one cannot swear officially to some statement.
puas satisfied, content.
(M., puas)
puasa
puchat
puchint
to fast.
pale.
Puas mandi, to bathe "to one's heart's content."
(M., puasa)
(Syns., puchint, melesinh.)
(M., puchat)
(See puchat.)
puchok shoot (of bamboo, banana, etc.); numerical coefficient for paper.
puchok gambar, a photograph. (M., puchok)
pudang, sa-pudang
pudung
a bunch, as of petai pods.
(See pudang.)
48
(Also pudung.)
Sa-
puja
adoration, prayer.
Puja'an hati, adored one.
(Skr., puja)
pujok to coax, for example, to coax an angry person to do something.
pujok)
puki female genitals. (See also bued, chani, kelintet, pantat.)
abusive language. (M., puki)
(M.,
Puki mak,
pukul to hit downward; beat with a small stick, strike; o'clock . (Syns.,
besit, sembat.) (See also balun, dihol, ke'ung, longgong, ngetuk, tenkeh,
tikil, tinju, tumbok.) (Libang, lingkok mean to hit sideward.) (M., pukul)
pula
also, likewise.
Pula pun, certainly!
(M., pula)
pulai a sandy-soil tree with abundant white sap. It reputedly cannot live in
the forest because it asal o'ang, it originated as a human being. (M., kayu
pulai)
pulang
to return (anything).
pulau island.
pulau)
(Syns., hanta balik, bagi balik.)
(M., pulang)
Pulau buah, fruit island (a paradise where no one dies).
puloh
tens.
Sa-puloh, ten; dua puloh, twenty.
pulut
glutinous rice.
(Also beas pulut.)
(M., puloh)
(M., pulut)
pumalonk to measure circumference of a tree in terms of arm lengths.
chamdad.)
pun
also.
(M.,
(See
(M., pun)
punah
to destroy; ruined.
(Syns., genyah, hakai, hundain.)
punai
the green pigeon (several kinds), bu'ong punai.
(M., punah)
punan, munan a craving which must be satisfied or the person will suffer a
bad fate; recognized by Temuan as a belief shared among all Orang Asli, but
not by other groups in Malaysia. (See story under tengilling.) (M., punan)
puncha the free or tip end of anything.
puncha)
pundan
(Syns., hunjong, whyed.)
(M.,
transvestite.
pundong lean-to shelter, often roofed with large leaves. (Syns., umah
dangau, sabai.) (S+B II, pp. 635-636, dung, house, Besisi; pondong, hut,
Mantra.) (M., pondok)
pungai
a tree whose wood changes from light to brown within a week after
49
cutting.
pungal
(M., kayu pungai?)
(See pengal.)
punggah
to unload, discharge.
punggod
(See kusip.)
(See angkut, angkat.)
(M., punggah)
punggok the hawk owl. According to the Temuan, it was the husband of the
moon and had an urge to visit the human world. Although the wife (moon)
objected, it did travel to the earth, and that is why it is heard calling when
the moon is out. (M., burong punggok)
punggu
(See pen'angkap.)
punggun anus; buttocks(?); the bottom of an object. (Syn., lobong tahi.)
(See also pangkok, chundong, pungkok.) (M., punggong)
pungkok
(See pangkok.)
punkan to hurl a rock or stick. (Syns., lening, benih, baling.) (S+B II, p.
737, pongkal, to hurl, and panka, to throw; Semang, No. Perak.) (M., baling)
punjot
(See janpot.)
puntal to pick fruit; to twist around.
(M., puntal)
(Syns., puntil, jes, eagush, petek.)
puntat a tree whose wood is dangerous to use in the construction of houses or
animal coops because it can (mysteriously) cause death of the occupants. (M.,
kayu puntat)
puntil
(See puntal.)
punya
owned by; for (see tempok); also -nya as a suffix.
pupin
very slowly.
pursel
(See lemoi.)
(M., punya)
(M., perlahan-lahan)
kinky hair.
puruk, limau puruk a forest citrus with white, sour meat in the fruit and a
bumpy skin. (M., purut)
pusat
navel, center.
(M., pusat)
pusing to revolve, rotate;
puting.) (M., pusing)
pusu
putih
to do a "U-turn" in an automobile.
(Also
(See posut.)
white, light in color; blonde (hair).
50
Putih bantok, true white.
(M.,
puteh)
puting
putus
(See pusing.)
to sever.
R
(See gentil, pengal.)
R
R
(M., putus)
R
R
R
raban
sternum.
rabok
(See gabok.)
rabuk
tinder.
(M., rabok)
rabun
myopia.
(G+T, p. 194, M., buta rabun, myopia.)
rachun
rakit
raip
(M., tulang dada, tulang papan)
a stomach poison.
raft.
(Also akit.)
to vanist; lost.
(M., rachun)
(M., rakit)
(Syns., seng'oi, hilang.)
ramah
friendly.
(M., ramah)
ramai
populous.
(See endang, kelam, tumpih.)
(A., raip)
(M., ramai)
ramai fruits like duku, including ramai jambi and ramai tongioh.
buah.) (M., ramai)
ramas
R
to massage vigorously.
(See also popol.)
(See also
(M., ramas)
rambut hair. Rambut gugo, crinkly hair that breaks off before becoming long.
(See also geiyeh, geyan, henchas, mahang, maiyang.) (M., rambut)
rambutan
(See buah.)
rasa
to taste.
rata
(See eata.)
rata
flat.
ratah
rawang
(M., rasa)
(M., rata)
to eat foods plain; snacks.
(M., ratah)
a morass; muddly, weedy place (see benchak).
rayu, merayu
to appeal, to petition.
(See minta.)
51
(M., rawang)
(M., rayu)
rebus
to boil something in water.
redup
overcast, gloomy.
remeh
scraps, crumbs of food.
(M., rebus)
(M., redup)
(See jeladoi, jelapuk.)
(M., remah, kedak?)
rempas (See empas.)
renchah
to travel through forest.
rencham
sourface(?).
renching
(M., renchah)
(See enchup.)
(M., asam?)
(See enching.)
rendah
low, short.
(M., rendah)
rendam
to soak.
rengat
gripping pain, as from an abscess.
(M., rendam)
rengka to pull up, to tear or rip.
Mantra.) (M., koyak)
(M., rengat)
(S+B II, p. 731, rengka, to tear,
rengkeh to crawl, carrying an object in one hand.
berdabung?)
(See enkek.)
rentap
to snatch or tug roughly, such as clothes from a line.
rentis
path cut through forest.
rimak
stream bank or margin.
rimas
adze.
rimba
primary rain forest.
rindu
longing.
ringan
ringoit
light.
(M.,
(M., rentap)
(M., rentas)
(See also tebing.)
(M., rimbas)
(M., rimba)
(M., rindu)
(M., ringan)
to remember.
(Syns., engat, ingat.)
(M., ingat, kenang)
ripung a short python. It can jadi tikus kelapuh sawih, can become a rodent
that lives in oil palm trees; although it does eat rodents, this is not why it
becomes one. (S+B II, p. 719, ular ripong, smaller python, Jakun, Malacca.)
(M., ular sawa kechil)
risau, merisau
riskik
anxious, uneasy.
good fortune.
(See unseng.)
(M., rezeki)
52
(M., risau)
roda
wheel.
rokok
(M., roda)
cigarette.
rokong
(M., rokok)
to carry a child on the back is rokong budak.
(See also dukong.)
romg a bamboo food-storage tube, such as for perah or ripung; any food
stuffed into such a tube(?). (S+B II, p. 678, serum, anything squeezed into a
joint of a bamboo, Sakai Pk.)
ronggeng
rosak
to dance.
(See also b'ronggeng.)
broken, destroyed.
(M., joget)
(M., rosak)
rotan rattan. Rotan dahan, one kind of rattan. Rotan manau, a thick rattan.
Rotan nyulu, a thin rattan. Rotan tunggal, "the best" rattan. (M., rotan)
rugeh
rugi
attap worn thin.
loss.
(M., genting)
(Skr., rugi)
rumbun
bonfire; fire made on the ground.
rumpun
tree.
rumput
grass.
rungis
to flick water from wet hands.
(M., rumput)
appearance.
rusa
sambar deer.
S
ribs.
S
sa-ajok
sa-anyok
(M., rumbun)
(S+B II, p. 744, rumpun kayu, wood, Beduanda, Malacca.)
rupa
rusok
(See api.)
(M., renjis)
(M., rupa)
(M., rusa)
(Also rusok jarang.)
S
S
same, similar.
(M., rusok)
S
S
(Syns., supa, sakudi, sa-anyok.)
S
S
(M., ajok)
(See sa-ajok.)
sa-api cigarette lighter.
Pahang.)
(S+B II, p. 606, sa-api, fire steel, Senoi,
sa'ang
(Syn., tempih.)
bird's nest; hive.
sa'ang tebuan
hornet's hive.
53
(See also sangka.)
(M., sarang)
sa'ang pe'anak
sabai
uterus.
lean-to shelter.
sa-batang
sa-belah
(Syns., pundong, umah dangau.)
a long piece of a rod-like object.
aside, one side (of a page, etc.).
sa-bentar
an instant.
sabit
sickle.
sabud
soap.
sa-dagar
sain
Besabud, to soap up.
(M., sabut)
(S+B II, gagar, kagar, agar, to desire, Besisi.)
edge (of a box, etc.), angle.
a piece (of cloth, etc.).
to sign.
sai'op
(M., sa-belah)
(M., sabit)
desire(?).
sa-helai
(M., sa-batang)
(M., sa-bentar)
sa-ewas a segment, a node of bamboo.
(M., sa-ruas)
sagi
(M., pondok)
(Also sa-owas.)
(See also penuas.)
(M., segi)
(M., sa-helai)
(Eng.)
hearing a distant sound off and on.
saiyet to tie a cord around the middle of a bundle (including a dead body).
(See kojot.) (S+B II, p. 730, sayit, to take up, Kenaboi.)
saja
only.
(M., sahaja)
sak, o'ang sak
a minor official, a "rubber stamp."
(M., sah)
sakai, o'ang sakai menial slave; a term used by Temuan to refer to themselves
disparagingly; a term used for Orang Asli by other groups, out of contempt or
ignorance; an early name for Temuan "used by white people." (M., sakai)
sakal to bump one's head on something.
gandal.) (M., sakal)
(Syns., lingkah, langkah.)
sa-kali once, very. Jangan sa-kali-kali, don't ever (do something).
semuha sa-kali, add it all up. (M., sa-kali)
sa-kali
sa-keping
ultimate.
(See
Kiah
Budak kechi sa-kali, the smallest child.
a segment of fruit, such as a lime.
(Also hulas.)
sa-ketil a very short piece of a rod-like object (versus sa-potong).
ketil: a pinch)
54
(M.,
sakit a wound; to hurt.
gelanktas.) (M., sakit)
sakit angin
puffy edema all over the body (?); rheumatism (?).
sakit kepala
headache.
sakit pinggang
sakit sampu
saksi
(See also penyakit, uhngad, ehngat, buhan,
(M., sakit kepala)
abdominal pains.
(M., sakit pinggang)
a wasting disease of infancy.
witness, evidence.
sakudi
(See langos.)
(M., sampu)
(Skr., saksi)
(See sa-ajok.)
salah
error, wrongdoing.
(See silap, jehlin.)
salai to cook above the fire.
salai)
salak
bark)
(Also nyalai.)
(M., salah)
(See dedeng, pedeh.)
the baying of a dog on the trail of a prey animal.
(M.,
(M., salak: any dog
salal, buah salal very sweet, edible fruit with three segments, each having a
large seed; thin, red, and rough skin. (M., salak?)
salam to greet with hands pressed together and touching the bowed head.
(Note: Temuan do not do this.) (A., salam)
salin
salu
to change.
(See also bersalin.)
channel, gully.
sama the same.
(Skr., sama)
saman
(M., salor)
(Also sarupa, sakudi.)
summons from the police.
sambal
cold condiments.
to join onto.
Sama ratu, equality, same level.
(See denda, hukum.)
(From English, summons)
(M., sambal)
sambek lodging in; stopping.
(M., sangkut)
sambong
(M., salin)
(Syn., sangkut.)
(Syn., penemu.)
(See also chonkai, ganching.)
(See chantam.)
(M., sambong)
sambong one house-width of attap roofing (about 50 atap nipah to a side which
is eight feet long).
sami
Hindu idol.
(M., sami)
55
sampai
to arrive.
(Syn., tiba.)
(M., sampai)
samping to switch, hit with a stick.
(M., sembat, pukul)
sampu
(See sakit sampu.)
samon
gangster, rowdy.
sampai
(Syns., sembat, besit.)
(See pukul.)
(M., samseng)
to arrive; until.
(M., sampai)
samun
scrub(?).
(See semak.)
samut
to catch (a ball, etc.).
(M., semak?)
sandang to carry slung over the shoulder (as a rifle or towel).
sandang)
sangeh
to make a umah melikat (spirit house).
sanggang to start an entertainment.
membuka'an permainan)
(Syns., lantih, santeng.)
sanggit
rubbing of two tree branches together.
sanggul
coiffure.
sangka to fear, expect.
(Skr., sangka)
sangkong
sangkul
(M.,
(M., sanggit)
(M., sanggul)
sangka bird's nesting place; chicken coop.
sarang)
sangkah
(M.,
to disavow, deny.
(Syn., sa'ang.)
(M., sangkak,
Nyap sangka dia mati, (we) didn't expect her to die.
(Also sangkul; nyap tahu-lah.)
to walk stooped over.
(Syn., chengkadok.)
(M., sangkal)
(M., berjalan menundok)
(See sangkah.)
sangkut to memorize; stuck fast (in action or thought). (See also sambek.)
Tulis, sangkut, bacha; write, remember, read (what children do in school).
(M., sangkut)
sanih arthritis in elbows and wrists (caused by eating certain animals).
(See hantu ponseh and also kunchi penyah.)
sanong, pokok sanong
mountain cypress.
santak
to wear, put on (clothes).
(Also letak, bubu.)
santau
a slow-acting, compound poison.
56
(M., pakai; sentak?)
(See also rachun.)
(M., santau)
santeng
(See sanggang.)
sa-o'ang
by himself, herself.
sa'oh to slip.
longsor)
sa-owas
sapa
(See se'oh.)
Aku sa-o'ang, I am all alone.
(M., sa-orang)
(S+B II, p. 596, yoh, to fall, Sakai.)
(M.,
(See sa-ewas.)
who.
(Also siapa.)
sa-pertanak nasi
sa-pertanak)
(M., siapa)
the time it takes to steam rice (about 20 minutes).
(M.,
sapi wild cattle and also the black domesticated cattle of Malaysia.
sapi)
(M.,
sa-potong
a short piece of a rod-like object.
(M., sa-potong0
sapu to sweep; a broom; to rub on (ointment, etc.). It is a major taboo
(pantang) to hit anyone with a broom; this results in the victim becoming ill
or dying. Hitting with a shoe has less severe results but is equally
forbidden. (M., sapu)
sarong
kain.)
a wrapping.
sarong bantal
(The circular "sarong" skirt of the Temuan is called
pillow case.
sarupa similar, same.
sarupa)
(Syns., sa-ajok, sa-anyok, sakudi, supa.)
(M.,
sasemut to be "asleep" in part of the body, that is, a feeling like being
stung by ants (semut). This condition is curable by warming, such as, for a
foot, putting it near the flame of a kerosene lamp.
sateh
satu
to barbecue on a spit.
one, in a definite sense.
saudara
sauk
saung
(M., sateh)
(See siku.)
cousin; close collateral relative.
anchor.
(M., satu)
(M., saudara)
(M., sauh)
echo.
sawan, sawatan convulsions. Jampi sawan, medicine and a spell against crying
fits and convulsions in infants. (See hantu sawan, chabok.) (M., sawan)
sawi, daun sawi
Indian mustard greens.
57
(M., sawi)
sayang
sayap
love, pity.
(M., sayang)
(See kapak.)
seberang
the opposite side, across.
(M., seberang)
sebut to repeat, say, mention. "Jangan di-sebut lagi" is said to invite
visitors into one's house; anak sebut, an individual in an offspring-like
relation to a person (usually used of a close relative), but an anak angkat,
an adopted child, is a "real" offspring. (M., sebut)
sedang intermediate, to be in the process of. Sedang kasih is one reputed
cause of death of an infant, suggesting it was more pitied than loved, but
there is also sidang kasih, stopping of sympathy. People seeing an infant for
the first time ask, "Sudah apa sedang?" The answer is, "Kechi lagi," (still
small), followed by a modifying phrase such as "sedang meragah" (only grins,
chuckles), "sedang tawa" (only laughs), "sedang melinkok" (sways and falls
when is set up), "sedang dudok timun" (can sit a little while, then topples),
"sedang merangkak" (can crawl), "sedang jalan jatoh" (can walk but falls),
"sedang lai laman" (can go out to play). A child of 11 to 14 years is
described as sedang gelaho, still thinking of childhood play. (M., sedang)
sedar
sedawa
sedih
to be awake, to awaken momentarily.
burp.
(M., sedar)
(M., sedawa)
to hang up clothes to dry.
Sedih ampai, clothesline.
(M., sedal)
sedingin leaves of this herbaceous plant (Kalanchoe sp.) are used for
medication (tangkal) of coldness and other conditions. (See also chehko;
other daun tangkal include sireh, kunyit, bunglai, etc.) (M., sedingin)
sedoh
hiccoughs.
sedoi to drag out a job, to dawdle. (Also sedui.)
supen.) (M., berkerja atau jalan perlahan-lahan)
sedui
(Syns., lemoi, pupin,
(See sedoi.)
segan, gan shy, reluctant. Segan is used especially in refusing food; his
and gan are used more often in refusing to do something. Penyegan, one who
works only occasionally. (M., segan)
segara
segarat
se-gat
sejuk
speedily.
(Skr., segara)
on the side; aside.
(Syns., hat, sengat.)
a cut piece (as of a watermelon).
cold.
(See menteh.)
(M., sejok)
58
(See also sengkap.)
(M., sa-kerat)
sekat
fish trap(?).
sekeh
to open the mouth.
sekin, sa-sekin
(Syn., melat.)
(M., belat)
(Syn., we'eh.)
sometime in the future.
sekit
a little.
sekoi
millet.
(M., korek?)
(See esok.)
(M., sedikit)
(M., sekoi)
sekung some kind of muscle sickness (see penyakit).
penyakit di-dalam daging)
selabun
(M., sa-kian)
(Also sukung.)
(M.,
just before dawn (about 6 in the morning).
seladang
gaur (cattle).
seladang hutan
(M., seladang)
forest cattle.
(M., banteng)
selalam semi-dark of late dusk (after senja). Selalam bulu betis, about 7 in
the evening, when it is hard to see the hairs on one's legs. (M., silam)
selam, nyelam
to dive; to jump down (on land).
(M., selam)
selamat safety. O'ang selamat, an inactive, listless person who just sits
around the house. (M., selamat)
seleh to replace, substitute.
satu; sileh)
selepak
a small bag.
(Also soleh.)
(M., sa-hilang satu, ganti
(See also bujum, sumpid.)
(M., bujan)
selepang strings of beads worn crosswise over the chest by Temuan women in
the old days. (M., selempang)
selimba a kind of staghorn fern, reported to be the home of the hantu
longsui.
selimuh head cold with little runny nose (versus hawa, thick, nose-filled
head cold). (See muh.) The hantu pelisi that causes colds does not arrive
during the durian season because he does not like the smell of durian. [S+B
II, p. 671, muh, nose, Semang, Mantra, Besisi, Ulu Langat (Temuan).]
selimut, kain selimut
selo, beselo
blanket.
to joke, jest.
(M., selimut)
(M., seloroh)
selot
a gully, slope.
selot
to grope with the hand (in a hole).
59
(M., selok)
semah to salute respectfully; an offering, such as the objects given by a
mother to a bidan (midwife) who assisted at the birthing of her child. "Nan
sudah lehoi semah-nya" is said as an invitation to enter one's house. (Syn.,
sembah.) (M., sembah)
semai
to plant in a (rice) nursery.
semak
scrub, undergrowth.
(Syn., menih.)
(Possibly also samun.)
(M., semai)
(M., semak)
semangat life force. (See lemas.) Semangat padi, the "soul of the rice,"
which contains blood of a fowl, etc., and is kept in a small basket (as in
Malay custom). (M., semangat)
semat, paku semat
sembah
small nails for minor house construction.
(M., semat)
(See semah.)
sembat to hit, beat with a small stick. (Syns., besit, samping, pukul.)
(See also ke'ung, balun.) (M., sembat, pukul.)
sembayang
sembunyi
prayer; any religious activity.
to hide.
(M., sembunyi)
sem'emp dusk, sundown.
senja, malam)
semen
semi
cement.
(Syns., e'emp, senja.)
(Also batu.)
pointed.
(Syn., kelakuh.)
gall bladder.
narrow.
sempul
sticking out.
(M., tajam)
(Syn., su'uk.)
(See also
(M., hempedu)
sempat to be able to do (things).
return later. (M., sempat)
sempit
(M.,
(A., resemi)
(Syns., onching, limchin, tajam.)
semp to become shallow; to ebb, of a tide.
dengki.) (M., surut)
sempedoh
(See also selalam.)
(From Eng., cement)
one's nature, habits(?).
semiluh
(M., sembahyang)
Aku sempat balik lagi, I'll be able to
(M., sempit)
(M., sempul)
semomoh, daun semomoh a kind of onion (?) with wide leaves; roots, stem, and
leaves are edible. (G+T list semomah as a large shrub with leaves that can be
pounded to give a juice.)
semuha
all.
(Also suma.)
(M., semua)
60
semui to bury, fill up a cavity (such as a grave).
timbus)
semut
ant.
a red ant.
a large, black, biting ant.
to insert, wedge in (a piece).
senang
happy.
comfortable, easy.
(M., senang)
senapang
shotgun.
(See senal.)
sendok
ladle, spatula.
sen'em lauk
(Syn., penganti?)
Nyap senang, busy.
(See segarat.)
sengka
(See kulond.)
Senang hati,
(M., sendok)
crossbar, X-shaped(?).
(M., pekek)
(M., sengkang)
sengkap
to draw apart or aside, such as mosquito netting.
sengkap
roofing "end-curtain" above house wall.
sengket
pungent.
(M., singkap)
(M., senkit)
sengkok to undress, unbutton clothes.
membuka pakaian)
sengkuas
(M., sendal)
(M., setengah busok daging.)
(Syns., pekek, chekek.)
sengat
sengkang
(Syn., seni'ah.)
half rotton meat.
scream.
(Syns., sendal, sumbih.)
(M., senapang)
sendal
senet
(M., kerengga)
the smallest kind of ant.
semut munta anyet
senal
(M.,
(M., semut)
semut kerrena
semut minet
(Also sumui.)
a crooked wooden stick.
(Syns., buka, tehe'oh, engkoh.)
(M.,
(M., chengkuas?)
sengoh lonely, deserted. (Syns., senyap, bitong, bentong, guntang, benguoh,
kuntang, songoh, sunyi.) (S+B II, p. 688, sengoyt, quiet, Besisi.) (M.,
senyap)
seng'oi vanish, disappear, lost (see lap). (Syns., hilang, raip.) (S+B II,
p. 603, hoi, nahui, to lose, Sakai; seh, to lose, disappear, Besisi.) (M.,
hilang, raip)
61
seni
joint (anatomical).
seni'ah
comfortable(?).
(Skr., seni)
(Syn., senang.)
senja dusk, sundown; precedes selalam.
senyakala.) (M., senja)
(M, senang)
(Syns., e'emp, sem'emp.)
(See also
senop covering attap at roof apex where two sides of the roof meet.
pahabong.)
sentaduk
sental
(See
(See taduk.)
to scrub.
(Syn., gosok.)
(M., sental)
sentap to jerk (see singkas); tug at or off (see untong); seize; draw out (as
inflammation, by applying a poultice to the skin). (Syns., eampas, te'eh.)
(M., sentap, rampas)
sentil
distended of cheek, as with a betel quid.
sentiasa
always.
(M., sentil)
(Skr., sentiasa)
sentong tightly woven back basket made from strips of the main ribs of the
fronds of lempet or chucho, two kinds of palms. (S+B II, p. 389, sentong,
Belandes; p. 524, Besisi.)
senyakala
dusk.
(Also senja.)
(See hantu senyakala.)
(Skr., senjakala)
senyap deserted, lonely, quiet. (Syns., benguoh, bentong, bitong, guntang,
kuntang, menkond, sengoh, songoh, sunyi.) (M., senyap)
senyum
to smile.
(M., senyum)
senyun
(dengan senyun-nya, to travel slowly and smoothly.)
se'oh to fall, slip down (under a heavy load, etc.).
p. 596, yoh, to fall, Sakai.) (M., longsor)
se'ol
half starved.
(See lapah, begempin.)
sepak
to kick.
sepan
an ulcer caused by yaws(?); leprosy(?).
(Also sipah.)
(See sa'oh.)
(M., setengah kenyang)
(See also tendang.)
(M., sepak)
(Also setu, penyakit pekong.)
sepang red face decoration, such as beauty marks on cheeks; rouge.
binchu.)
sepatan
sepecial
lipstick(?).
special.
(S+B II,
(See also
[M., sepah: a betel quid (which leaves the mouth red).]
(Eng.)
62
sepeuntai
serai
a dangling cluster.
lemon grass.
(Also untai.)
(M., untai)
(M., serai)
seram to stiffen, numb. Hati seram sejok, heart frozen with fright.
ketong kuku, cooler than hangat and warmer than sejuk. (Also surum.)
seram)
serani
Eurasian.
Seram
(M.,
(M., serani)
serap, ayi serap
underground stream.
serdang a tall fan palm; used for roofing material if other attap materials
are not available. (M., serdang)
serepek
seri
(See sa-api.)
charm, beauty.
(Skr., seri)
sesak
hard pressed, busy.
(M., sesak)
sesal
sorrow; repentence.
(M., sesal)
sesat
to stray away, become lost.
setia
loyal, faithful.
setu
yaws.
setut
(M., sesat)
(Skr., setia)
(Also penyakit pekong, sepan.)
(See sasemut.)
se'u to call out loudly. (See langui.)
order, Mantra.) (M., seru)
sial
bad luck.
siam
to squirt water.
siamang
siamp
(M., puru)
(S+B II, p. 552, serhue, to call, to
(M., sial)
siamang.
(Syn., panchout.)
(M., siram)
(M., siamang)
whippy sound of rattan.
siampang, sudu siampang
(See pelat.)
a table fork.
(M., garfu)
siang daytime (as opposed to gelap); to scrape (vegetables, fish, etc.).
(S+B II, p. 714, siang, to slice, Besisi.) (M., siang)
siap
siapa
ready.
Siap makan, ready to eat.
(See sapa.)
63
(M., siap)
siat
to tear off.
siba
to build an annex.
sibak
(M., siat)
(Syns., niba, nyiba, tiba.)
to draw apart or aside, to part.
(Syn., sengkap.)
sidang stopping (of rain). (See also sedang.)
stop, Beduanda.) (Pk.and Pah., sidang)
sikah banded leaf monkey.
(M., lotong)
sikat
hair comb.
sikin
(See sikit.)
sikit
a little.
(S+B II, p. 726, sidang,
(S+B II, p. 659, sikah, leaf monkey, Mantra.)
a hand of bananas.
(Also sikin.)
(M., sikir)
(M., sadikit)
siku one, sometimes in an indefinite sense.
cup of tea. (M., sa-ekor)
elbow.
(See satu and iku.)
to peer into the distance through a slit or hole.
silang
lying across each other, of feet or wood.
error.
(See salah.)
(M., silang)
(M., silap)
sileh to sit with legs crossed and folded back toward the body.
besileh.) (M., bersila)
silin
dregs.
silit
to cram objects into a crevice.
siluh
[chakap siluh, to speak modestly(?)]
(M., selit)
(M., silu?)
(S+B II, p. 510, sim, sour, Semang.)
simba to dart out, as fish after insects or as lightning.
nyimba.) (M., simbar)
simpai
(Also dudok
(M., silin)
sim sourface. (Syns., somp, masam.)
(M., muka permasam)
simba
Siku teh, a
(M., siku)
silalu
silap
(M., sibak)
(M., sikat)
siki, sa-siki pisang
siku
(M., sibar)
to splash out, as water from a pail.
(M., simbah)
to lask together, as a handle to a chisel blade.
64
(Syns., nyamba,
(M., simpai)
simpan
to remember.
(Syn., tahu.)
(M., simpan)
simpang
intersection (also jalan chabang dua).
simpang
lying across(?).
simpu
(Syn., telintang.)
a species of tree (Wormia?).
simpul
(M., simpang)
(M., tersimpang)
(M., kayu sempoh?)
to knot, tie (as a piece of cloth).
(M., simpul)
sim'un the noise of a large object going past one.
melalui di-tepi badan)
sina
light, ray of light; dull surface(?).
(M., bunyian benda besar
(Syn., chaya.)
sin'g to not recognize; to confuse one person with another.
singi, to understand, Sakai, Pahang.)
sing
zinc ("tin" roofing).
(S+B II, p. 643,
(Eng.)
singgah
to stop off at.
(M., singgah)
singguh
to elbow aside.
(Also singgung.)
singgung
(M., sinar)
(M., singgong)
(See singguh.)
singkas to jerk up, as a fishing pole when a fish is hooked.
minkas, sentap, untung.) (M., sentak?)
(See also
sinsin to wear short pants or a short sarong; to roll up, such as sleeves or
sarong. (Syn., sinting.) (M., singsing)
sintin
sinting
lengthy agreement?
(M., lanjutkan perjanji)
(See sinsin.)
sipi glancing off. This is what happens to hantu pelisi upon encountering a
tangkal (charm) of chabok worn by an individual; he slides past the person
rather than entering the body. (M., sipi)
siput
snail.
siput babi
sireh
(M., siput)
the large land snail.
betel vine.
sisak hiccoughs.
(M., sedak)
(See also chambai.)
(Also sedoh.)
(M., sireh)
Said to be the cause of gagap (stuttering).
sisek scale of fish, pangolin, etc; to scrape off (bark, scales).
sisek)
65
(M.,
sitan satan. The sixth of the seven jin; he cannot be chased away with a
tangkal (charm); he preys on dying people. He can enter a man's body or a
tiger's body and make them crazy-mad. (See benges.) (A., setan)
siti
a whistle.
siti setima
(M., siti)
wife of the hantu sebu'u.
situ
there.
(See itu.)
siwa
rent, fee.
(M., situ)
(Also tambang, upah.)
(M., siwa)
siyu-siyu onset of fever (see demam). (Syn., patyu-patyu.)
siyau, fever-heat, Besisi). (M., badan mulai mahu demam)
sodok
shovel, ladle.
sodok
to shovel or ladle up.
soi
(Syns., nyonkok, chonkok.)
soldier.
(Also ashkar.)
(Also suai.)
buttressing, proping up.
solan receding hairline.
pulau)
soleh
(See seleh.)
somoi
stroke, caress.
somong
somp
arrogant.
(M., sesuai)
(Eng., soldier)
sokong assistant, helper, as jenang to batin.
sokong)
sokong
(M., sodok)
(Also mejudok.)
compatible; in harmony with.
soldadu
(S+B II, p. 602,
(See chungak, bantu.)
(M.,
(See also tungkat.)
(Syns., chuak, mahang.)
(M., rambut berpulau-
(M., sombong)
(See sim.)
sompoh
carrying on neck and shoulders.
(Syn., junjung.)
(M., junjong)
son to feel on the verge of death, as in penyakit nyelap. (Syn., bansauh.)
(S+B II, p. 710, som, unwell, Pangan.) (M., badan hendak melangsongkan
menerus mati.)
songkok
hat, any headgear.
songoh to be quiet.
(M., sunyi)
(Syns., igol, ikol, anchah.)
(Syns., bentong, bitong, sunyi.)
66
(M., songkok, topi)
(See also senyap.)
sono
sonoh
very deep sleep.
(Also hono.)
to hide (things) away.
(M., tertelap sangat tidor)
(Syn., sundok.)
(M., sorok)
sonoi to blow a flute, harmonica (sunai), or the like.
(M., sumpit)
sontak
to peel, husk.
so'ong
to conceal.
(Syns., kopes, kupas.)
(See also sonoh.)
(Syn., te'umpit.)
(M., kupas)
(M., sorok)
so'ong to push forward; to pass around (a food dish, etc.).
(M., sorong)
(Syn., usan.)
sosoh in line with (for example, traveling in line with a trail, but to one
side). (See also lujoh.)
sotong
start
cuttlefish, octopus, squid.
start.
(M., sotong)
(Eng.)
stengah half; middle. (Also tengah.)
stik slingshot. (Eng., elastic)
suai
(See soi, sunghuai.)
suap
a mouthful.
suara
suat
voice.
letter.
Makan suap, to take a bribe.
sudah
past, over.
Suchi hati, a pure heart.
engaged to be married.
plaited work, mat.
sudok
(See sudip.)
sudut
(M., sudah)
(Syn., tunang.)
(Also sudok.)
(M., penganyam, tikar)
(M., sudu)
corner, nook.
(Syn., cho'oh.)
suis
a light or other switch.
suka
to want, to like.
sukang
(Skr., suchi)
(See also dah, jempas.)
sudip
a spoon.
(M., suap)
(M., surat)
pure.
sudu
(M., stengah)
(Skr., suara)
suchi
sudah betandah
Stengah hai, midday.
(M., sudut)
(Eng., switch)
(Syns., begelud, beguau.)
(See chunkah.)
67
(M., suka)
sukat, menyukat
suku
to measure length.
(Syn., uku.)
a quarter; crazy behavior (also tiga suku, manai.)
sukung some kind of muscle sickness.
daging)
sula
sulant
sulit
(M., sukat)
(Also sekung.)
(M., suku)
(M., penyakit di-dalam
(See be'entek.)
indigestion; stomach cramps.
difficulties.
Said to be caused by hulat (worms).
(M., kesulitan)
sulong the first, the beginning, the eldest.
pertama; sulong)
sulu
a taro runner (creeping shoot).
sulu
a torch.
suma
all.
(Syns., mula, dulu.)
(Also called sulu keladi.)
(M.,
(M., sulor)
(M., suloh)
(Also semuha.) (In KKB, muha is used.)
(M., semua)
sumbang incest or pseudo-incest. [For example, one is forbidden to marry
one's mother-in-law or father-in-law; forbidden to marry the widow of one's
father-in-law; forbidden to marry one's father's brother's child or mother's
sister's child (especially if the mother and her sister have different
fathers). But one is allowed to marry the child of a mother's brother or a
father's sister (cross cousin). The first two human beings were o'ang asli of
Malaysia, say the Temuan, a male and a female made from earth (tanah). They
had one daughter and one son who, together, had many children. (This was
sumbang but not dusa because it was useful for them to buat ramai--increase
the population.) But later there was a mighty earthquake which separated the
descendents into different land masses of the world and thus into different
bangsa, and after that sumbang was also a dusa.] (See also lalah, magoh,
kalonk.) (M., sumbang)
sumbi, besumbi to insert (a piece); to patch (for example, a tooth with
gold). (Syns., sendal, senal.) (M., sumbi.)
sumbu
fuse, wick.
sumbul, tesumbul
(M., sumbu)
a swelling; swollen.
(See benkak.)
(M., bengkak, sembap?)
sumpah to swear, take an oath. (Also nyumpah.) There are seven such oaths
for the Temuan: (1) hanchu, (2) lahoit, (3) lodoh, (4) danuh, (5) letah, (6)
danuh ayah, and (7) danuh emak; they all refer to accepting some vengence or
disaster if what they say is untrue. For minor accusations or problems, only
the first two are said: "hanchu-lahoit." If a person is asked to swear to his
innocence and fears to do so for any reason, he says, "Aku puah kala" (I'm
afraid to do so). Because the Orang Asli have sumpah Tuhan (blasphemed),
68
although they were tall previously, they are becoming progressively
When they get to be about one foot tall, the dunia (world) will end
start all over again; that is, dead people will come alive and vice
people will become animals and vice versa. This end will happen in
100 (or 1000?) years, because there are 2 eyes, 2 nostrils, 2 ears,
mouth, totaling 7. (M., sumpah; haram)
sumpid a small pandanus rice bag.
(M., sumpit)
sumpit, nyumpit
(See also bujum, selepak, jabeh, guni.)
to shoot a blowpipe (temiang).
sumpok
interference(?).
sumpul
to pour out.
sumui
(See semui.)
sunai
harmonica.
(M., sumpit)
(Syns., suntoh, kolang, changgong.)
(Also chuah.)
promiscuous.
sundok
(See sonoh.)
sungai
river.
(M., sumbul)
(Syns., jalan, gatal, engeleting.)
(Syn., ayi besah.)
to be in harmony with.
(Urdu, sundal)
(See also gelun, alo.)
sunggoh to be angry without showing it.
dalam hati)
(See marah.)
(Also soi, suai.)
lid, cover.
(Syns., tudong, tutup.)
(M., sungai)
(M., kemarakan di-
(M., sesuai; tidak
sungku-sangka to sleep fitfully (in a sprawling manner?).
(M., tidor tidak tentu; sungkor-sangkar)
sungkup
(M., gangguan)
(M., serunai?)
sundal
sunghuai
bimbang)
shorter.
and must
versa,
7 times
and 1
(See ula ola.)
(M., sungkup)
sunsang breech birth (feet first); topsy-turvy; unable to make up one's mind
about what one wants (see pala ku'ah). (See also binging sunsang.) (M.,
sungsang)
sunti
adolescent breasts.
(M., sunti, menggaya)
sunting to pluck a flower and wear it in the hair.
sunting)
suntoh
(See sumpok.)
suntot
short.
sunyi
(Syns., pendek, kenhdinhl, kantik.)
to be quiet; deserted; vacant.
(Also petek.)
(M.,
(M., sontot)
(Syns., benguoh, bentong, bitong,
69
guntang, kuntang, menkond, sengoh, senyap, song'oh.)
sunyoh
to stroll, saunter.
su'oh, menyu'oh
supa
(See jalan.)
to order, command.
(M., suroh)
(See sarupa.)
supan modesty(?).
modesty.
suparoh
supaya
(M., sunyi)
"Jangan malu, di-ngilang supan," don't be shy, throw away
half (except for time measurements).
in order that.
supen
very slowly.
suroh
get, give me.
surum
(See seram.)
susah
difficult.
(M., saparoh)
(M., supaya)
(See lemui, pupin, sedui.)
(See also bagi, bawa.)
(Syns., mengoh, esau.)
(M., perlahan-lahan)
(M., suroh)
(See sulit.)
(M., susah)
susu milk; latex of the rubber tree; any plant sap. Susu chai, thin milk
(fresh or evaporated), in contrast to susu pekat, thick milk (as sweetened,
condensed). (M., susu)
su'uk
(See semp.)
susun
in layers or rows.
suyap
to munch on.
(M., susun)
(Syn., mamah.)
(M., suap)
suyun to have the look of being frozen with fear.
tegun, pandangan terkejut)
T
T
T
T
(Syn., penteguh.)
T
T
(M.,
T
taban a forest tree with sweet latex used as a chewing gum (Dichopsis gutta).
(M., taban)
tabat to fell small scrub or clear tall grass.
(M., tebas)
Tabok pala, to box ears.
(Syns., nayos, tayos, tebas.)
tabok
to slap hard.
tabuh
to scatter, strew, such as seeds in feeding chickens.
70
9M., tabok)
(Also nabuh.)
(M., tabor)
taduk
praying mantis.
(Also sentaduk.)
tagar outer tube of temiang (blowpipe).
tagur, Mantra.)
tagoh
to throw.
(Pk., chengkadak)
(S+B II, p. 538, tago, Besisi;
(M., tagor)
-tah (suffix) one example: Boleh, kata buaya-tah; (I) can, said the
crocodile. (See also -tai, -teh, -tu, -toh.)
taha
(See wah.)
tahan to restrain, resist; prohibit; stop (a vehicle, etc.).
(See also nahan, nankan, tankan.) (M., tahan)
(Syn., tegoh.)
tahi feces (of animals). Tahi geseng, dark, smelly deposit on teeth; if one
laughs at a person who has this condition, kena chalau (it will bring about a
storm). Tahi lalat, freckles; if have many--in armpit?--one must sell one's
children for 7 cents or they will die. (M., tahi)
tahoi to see, observe. (Syns., tahu, nampak.) (S+B II, p. 644, tahoi, seen;
toi, nahoi, to see, to know; Mantra.) (M., tahu)
tahu to see (syn., tahoi); to know (see halun); to remember (see simpin).
(M., tahu)
tahun
year.
(M., tahun)
-tai (suffix) one example: Bersumpah diah-tai, "Ajih esok aku-aku juga
makan.", He swore, "I'll eat you tomorrow." (Also entai; see -toh, teh, -tu,
-ta.)
tai entai
dulu)
recently; several hours or days ago (see meh, una).
tajam pointed, sharp (versus tumpul).
(See hantu tajam.) (M., tajam)
(M., tadi,
(Syns., onching, limchim, semiluh.)
tajih a traditional competition between two men during durian season in which
each tries to break open a durian fruit of his opponent with a pointed, short
stick tied in the middle of a cord or rattan. The cord is held between
outstretched arms, twirled seven times, and then flung (holding onto the ends)
forward at the durian. If the durian breaks open (pechah), that competitor
wins, unless his opponent also accomplishes pechah buah. If both men miss or
both pechah buah, it is a draw. Players may risk their durian orchards and
bystanders may bet money (pasang duit) on the outcome. This competition is
also known as lawang tikam. (Syn., najih.)
taju
fish hook.
(M., mata kail)
71
taka
to rough hew.
takeh
(See taka.)
takut
afraid
tala
(Syns., talat, tokeh, nakeh, takeh.)
(See chalan, suyun, penteguh.)
musical chord (?) or note(?).
a metal tray; dishpan (also taloyang).
talat
(See taka.)
string, cord.
talivishin
taloyang
(M., takut)
(Skr., tala)
talam
tali
(M., talam)
Tali pinggang, waist cord, belt.
television.
(M., takah, tarah)
(M., tali)
(Eng.)
(See talan.)
tamako tobacco. Tamako jawa, local tobacco. Tamako gulong, rolled
cigarette. Tamako go'ing, shredded tobacco. (from Eng.)
tamar
to cure.
tamat
to finish school, or a certain level in school.
tambah
tambang
(M., tambar)
to increase by repetition.
fare paid.
(A., tamat)
(Also lagi sikit.)
(See also siwa, upah.)
(M., tambah)
(M., tambang)
tampa to slap. (Syns., nampa, tembi, tembeh, lempang.)
tampakk.) (M., tampar)
tampa kaki
Besisi.)
sole of foot.
(See also tepok,
(S+B II, p. 610, tampa (jong), sole (of foot),
tampakk to swipe at with claws extended (of felines).
chakanh.) (See also tampa.) (M., menchakar)
(Syns., gampakk,
tampal, betampal to post up (such as notices, pictures); to cover up a
window; to patch (a tire); to plaster, paste on. (M., tampal)
tampang sympathy, mercy, thoughtfulness, fairness.
(Syns., hingat, kenang.)
(Also belas kasehan.)
tampang a forest tree (Arctocarpus Gomeziana) with a fruit softer than
jackfruit, not cultivated. (M., tampang)
tampeh
carnival.
tampi, nampi
(M., pamir?)
to winnow beas (rice) in nieu (a winnowing tray).
72
(M., tampi)
tamping
tampoi
to hit with a stick.
a fruit.
(S+B II, p. 727, tampogn, to strike, Mantra.)
(M., buah tampoi, tempui)
tampoyak cooked durian, for example mixed with coconut milk, curry powder,
salt(?), and tumeric. (M., tampoyak)
tampun
stalk, stem.
(Syn., tangkai.)
(M., tangkai)
tan a term of affection for addressing a son or nephew. (See also dal.)
Tan ini, this, these, here (also nan or nan ini lagi) (M., yang). Tan ituh,
those, that, there.
tanah earth, dirt. Tanah retak, cracked earth (M., pecha-pecha). Tanah
tujoh, old Temuan name for Malaysia, home of the seven bangsa (kinds, groups),
some of which are animals; also the name for the world of the seven layers,
three bumi bawah (underground), one stengah-stengah (in the middle), and three
bumi atas (above). (See story under sumbang.) (Lapis tujoh is the bottom
layer, part of the underworld.) (M., tanah)
tanak
to steam rice.
tanam
to plant, bury.
(See also sa-pertanak)
(M., tanak)
(M., tanam)
tanchas to slash through roots or vines (aka). (Syn., eantis.) (See
lanchas.) (S+B II, p. 561, manchas, chas, to clear a way through jungle,
Pangan.) (M., kerat; ranchah?)
tanda a sign, omen; mark, footprint. As a sign that one is human and not an
animal, a Temuan may wear a fresh leaf behind his ear when he is traveling
during hujan enching; otherwise, a hantu (a spirit) who sees him then would
not be able to distinguish between the two categories and would attack him.
Sudah betanda, engaged to be married. Tanda harap, the paying back of double
the amount of the marriage fee when a divorce is planned. (M., tanda)
tandan
tandang
a whole stem of bananas is sa-tandan pisang.
to kick out (at something).
(Also sepak.)
(M., tandan)
(M., tendang)
tandang when a baby is at the stage when it eats regular food but
occasionally wanders back to the breast, it is described as budak hisap
tandang. (See also sedang.) (M., tandang: wandering)
tandok
animal horn.
(Also tanuk.)
(M., tandok)
tandol
small hill with a gentle slope.
tanggal to get detached, as, for example, a tooth falling out. A person
without any kin is an o'ang tanggal. (M.,tanggal: to get detached)
73
tangan
hand. (M., tangan)
tanggoh
to postpone.
(Syn., timpok.)
(M., tanggoh)
tanggong to support (not physically), be responsible for.
easa, hidap, hedop.) (M., tanggong)
tangkai
stalk, stem.
(Syn., tampun.)
(Syns., nanggong,
(M., tangkai)
tangkal any traditional medicine (versus ubat); incantation, charm. (Also
nangkal.) Long ago tangkal were given to humans by the very spirits that
inflict illnesses on them. Associated with childbirth are tangkal kenan,
tangkal pluso, and tangkal owi, followed by tangkal muyong after the baby is
born. (M., tangkal)
tangkap, nangkap
tangkul
tani
to catch.
landing net.
farming.
(M., tangkap)
(See jalas.)
(M., tangkul, tanggok)
O'ang petani, a farmer.
(M., tani)
tanjal
to smash.
tanjan
flat land. (Syn., pama.)
tanjuh
jodo)
similar; a kindred spirit; mixed up together.
tankan
to prohibit.
(See also rata.)
(Syns., nankan, nahan, tahan.)
(Syn., juduh.)
(M.,
(M., tahan)
tannung insight, wisdom(?). (See plet.) Knowledge of the following kind is
implied: one should not observe bad things closely or one will incur their
effects; if one observes a snake closely, he will be bitten by it; if one sees
blood in the forest without cause (no animal wounded), one must run away or
else one will incur self-disappearance or encounter a tiger, a ghost, or
something unusual (whether good or bad).
tansak
to press hard.
tanyuk
(See tandok.)
(Also hansak.)
tanya
to ask.
tapak
palm (of hand); sole (of foot).
(M., tanya)
tapak kaki
footprint.
tapak umah
house plan.
tapeh
(M., terlampau tekan sangat)
(See tumit.)
(M., tapak)
the belt-like cord for a knife is called tapeh pisau.
74
tapek
knife blade(?).
tapeletoh
ankle sprain, especially by making a false step.
taperanyat
to be startled.
tapi
(M., tetapi)
but.
(Also tekajut.)
(M., terpelechok)
(M., terkejut)
tapis
to strain a liquid.
(M., tapiskan)
tarah
loosely constructed, thin, attap roofing (versus chocho).
tarek to pull, pull out (for example, a drawer), drag, drag open.
napas, to inhale. (M., tarek)
taroh
to put away; to deposit.
tasek
lake.
tatap
to scan.
Tarek
(M., taroh)
(M., tasek)
(Also natap.)
(M., tatap)
tating to lift up, carry in the hand(s). (Syns., nating, hangkat.) (See
also jemit, bawa.) Tating bawa adik balik, carry your (baby) brother back
home. (M., tatang)
tauk leafy vegetable.
leaf.
taung
Tauk bayam, spinach.
Tauk paku oban, an edible fern
(See hantu taung.)
taus
steam.
(M., wap)
tawa
to laugh.
(See also lechik, ganyau.)
tawas
alum.
tayat
expensive.
tayos
(See tabat.)
te'alap
(M., tawa)
(M., tawas)
(Syn., mahal.)
multicolored.
(M., mahal)
(Also me'alap.) (M., champor-champor warna)
tebal
thick (especially of flat objects).
tebas
(See tabat.)
tebang, menebang
tebang)
to cut down trees.
teber
(M., tubir?)
hillside.
(M., tebal)
(Also nebang.)
75
(See tekeh.)
(M.,
teberai seven sisters, who are real women but unusual in that they are known
for bathing at noon or midnight at any waterfall pool (but see lanchan). They
can be seen by ordinary people but they can also disappear. Their shirts have
wings (kapak), so if they are wearing their shirts, they can fly away. They
are like the classical Greek sirens, but not evil. If a man is bodoh (stupid,
naive), they want him. In the old days, many Temuan men were bodoh and thus
got a teberai. One can hear them often but one seldom sees them. They give
off a fragrant smell.
tebing
riverbank.
(M., tebing)
tebok to bore into (for example, drill a hole in an earlobe); to carve a
dugout boat. (Also tebuk.) (M., tebok)
tebok
crippled.
(M., tebok)
tebong
mouthpiece of a blowpipe.
teboyn
(See lanak.)
tebuang
tebuan)
tebuk
(S+B II, p. 538, tebong, Besisi, Mantra.)
a hornet which makes a nest of earth.
(Also penyengat.)
(M.,
(See tebok.)
tedong
name of a cobra, ula tedong,
teduh
shady (versus panas).
te'eh
to jerk, tug at, seize.
te'ekenk
(M., tedong)
(M., teduh: sheltered)
(Syns., sentap, eampas.)
(M., rampas, sentap)
stunted (more severely than kantek, pendek, or suntot).
tegah
to prohibit.
(Syn., la'ang.)
tegah
vertical (versus lintang).
(M., tegah, larang)
(M., tegak)
tegal cause. Tegal apa? What is the cause? [One must use pasal (because)
instead of tegal in the response.] (M., tegal)
tegap sturdy. Badan tegap, healthy body.
(see also tegah). (M., tegap)
tegas
substance, essence.
Dudok tegap, to sit up straight
(M., tegas)
tegas tangkal for sakit tenat (a grave illness), certain objects are put into
a (miniature) boat and sent downriver, thereby removing the hantu (spirit)
that caused the illness so that it cannot return.
tegas ubat there are 12 substances that symbolize the ingredients of
traditional medicine, such as kain, pisau, ga'um, and so on; thus patients
76
give these objects to the dukun when their cure is effected.
tegoh
to restrain, resist.
tegoleh
fallen over.
(Syn., tahan.)
(M., tegoh)
(M., golek: topsy-turvy)
tegu firm; a kind of hot fever with reddened eyes and skin (see demam) which
occurs every 24 hours. (M., tegoh)
tegu
teh
to greet an arriving guest.
tea.
(Syns., temoh, tembah.)
(M., tegor)
(M., teh)
-teh (suffix) ini-teh, this one right here (also ini-hah); teh-ituh, after
that (M., lepas itu). (S+B II, p. 735, teh, this, Sakai, Perak.)
tehanpap
to topple heavily.
tehe'oh
to undress.
tejehoh
spilled out.
(Syn., tumbang.)
(M., tumbang, terempap)
(Syns., sengkok, buka, engkok.)
(See jeho.)
(M., buka pakaian)
(M., tumpah)
tekah tree stump. (Syn., tunggul.) (S+B II, p. 684, tekah, post, pillar,
stem, base of tree, Besisi.) (M., tunggul)
tekak
tekajut
tekang
throat.
(Syns., urrang, tempat telang.)
to be startled.
to push.
(Also taperanyat.)
(Syn., tulak.)
(M., tekak, kerongkong)
(M., terkejut)
(M., tekang)
tekeh to fell a tree by cutting close to the roots.
tebang kayu)
(See tebang.)
(M.,
tekeh to discard unburnable logs or bushes from a tebas (newly cleared)
ladang (farm field).
tekena
a kind of fever.
(See demam.)
(M., terkena)
tekih stiff or tired, of the back, from sitting a long time.
ketoh, leteh.) (M., kiat?)
telah
finished.
Diah telah mati. he finally died.
telaka well; bathing area; sink; dishpan.
(Skr., telaga)
telakum
telala
well, bathing area.
to sing.
(Skr., telaga)
(See also besioi.)
77
(M., telah)
(Also telakum, but see betelako.)
(Also telako.)
(Syn., nyanyi.)
(See lenguh,
(M., nyanyi)
telang to swallow (versus kunyah, to chew).
tekak). (M., telan)
telanjang
telap
naked.
Tempat telang, throat (see
(M., telanjang)
penetrating, as rain through clothes.
(M., telap)
telat quiver for blowpipe darts. (Also tolak.) The quiver cover is called
koloi. (S+B II, p. 688, telak, Mantra; telah, teluk, Menteri.)
telebih
much more.
telentang
(Syn., lampau.)
on the back.
(See bain.)
(M., terlebih)
(M., telentang)
telenkop
on the stomach.
telimpoh
to sit with legs to the side is dudok telimpoh.
telinga
ear.
(M., telenkop)
(Also kelinga.)
(M., bertimpoh)
(M., telinga)
telingkai a construction situation when two building beams or posts do not
match up correctly (versus betul).
telingtang
(See lintang, simpang.)
telo egg. (Also telu.) Used by adepts to diagnose and treat chest illness
by wafting the egg through kemayan smoke, rolling it over the body, and then
breaking it open in a bowl and diagnosing the illness on the basis of whether
one sees blood in the egg, sees a hole (lobong) in it, whether it is
"dissolved" (hanchut), etc. After diagnosis the patient's body is wiped with
the egg. (See jantas, tetas.) (M., telor)
telok
bend of river, bay.
telongkok
telu
(lying) on the stomach.
(Also telenkop.)
(See bain.)
(See telo.)
tembaga
brass, bronze, copper.
tembah
(See tegu.)
tembak
to shoot a gun.
tembeh
to slap.
tembi
(M., telok)
(Skr., tembaga)
(Syn., hengas.)
(M., tembak, bedil)
(Syns., tembi, tepuh, nampa, lempang.)
(M., tampar)
(See tembeh.)
tembus
temenong
to break or pass right through.
to gaze fixedly in silence.
(Syn., lantas.)
(Syn., mangoh.)
78
(M., tembus)
(M., termenong)
temerlang
temi
rotton (of eggs).
to slap.
(M., tembelang)
(Also tampa.)
temiang blowpipe. Temiang pelampong, short blowpipe. Buloh temiang, bamboo
sp. used for making blowpipes. (See also chemat, dama, gabok, ipoh, koloi,
plet, sumpit, tagar, tebong, telat, tenek.) (M., sumpitan)
temin
iron ferrule connecting knife blade with shaft.
temirang
temoh
bragging.
(M., temin)
(M., temberang)
(See tegu.)
tempah
(See bidan.)
tempat
place, district.
tempayan
(M., tempat)
earthenware jar for water storage, etc.; bath tub.
(M., tempayan)
tempeh unobstructed view site (?).
(M., tempat panang terang)
(Syns., eantan, enyap penamah empis.)
tempias
very fine (of hair, etc.).
(M., tongiuh?)
tempias
fine, blowing rain.
tempiling to box on the ears.
tempeleng)
temping
(M., tempias)
(Syn., temping.)
(Syns., tempuh, nempuh, lalu, lintas.)
tempok for; for the use of; share of.
(Also empok.) (M., untok)
tempuh
temuk
(M.,
(See tempiling.)
tempoh to go, dash, charge past.
(M., tempoh)
tempong
(See also tembi.)
half coconut shell.
Ini tempok aku, this is my share.
Tempong lutut, knee cap.
(M., tempurong)
(See tempoh.)
to fist fight.
(See beklahi.)
tenang calm, of water (slow current) (versus berdaus); calm of mind.
"Tenang!" "Be calm!" (M., tenang)
tenat
tendang
a grave illness is sakit tenat.
to kick, push foot against.
(Indo., tenat)
(Syns., sipah, nenang.)
79
(M., tendang,
sepak)
tenek tree sap used as an ingredient in ipoh poison for blowpipe darts; the
sap first runs white, then yellow. (S+B II, p. 683, tenet, poison, Besisi;
ternak, poison, Belandas.)
tengah
(See stengah.)
tengam molar tooth. (See also gigi.) (S+B II, p. 658, dhgam, Khmer; tegam,
Chrau; gam, jawbone, Stieng--all Mon-Khmer languages; p. 741, tenggam,
Pangan.) (M., gerham)
tenganga
to gape.
(Syn., chengap.)
(M., nganga)
tengilling the pangolin (scaly anteater). The tengilling is said to have
traded its teeth to the buaya (crocodile) for his tongue, thus the tengilling
cannot eat people. When the world comes to an end (hanchu), they will trade
back. Before the initial trade, the tengilling was jahat and ate people,
whether punan or not. The buaya, a sibling of the tengilling, told the
tengilling that manusia (mankind) would exterminate the tengilling because he
ate people. [Before the buaya got teeth, he could eat people only by
swallowing them (telang); after he got teeth, it was easier to eat them.] The
buaya only eats people if there is a hal, dusa, or punan--he agrees with Tuhan
about this. When the buaya catches a person he tosses his head (juah) two
times to tell Tuhan he caught an o'ang salah (a person at fault), before he
eats him. (M., tengilling)
tengka to quarrel. (Syn., kelahi.) (See also tengkin, begaduh.)
p. 513, tekeng, angry, Jakun, Johore.) (M., bertengkar)
tenkin to dispute, object, protest. (Also nengkin.)
kelahi, begaduh.) (M., bantah, bangkang)
(See also tengka,
tengko to tap out, as the contents of a tin. (Also nengko.)
tenkeh.) (S+B II, p. 727, ya-tankah, to tap, Pangan.)
tengkoak
skull.
(S+B II,
(See also
(M., tempurong, tengkorak)
tengkod
to squat.
(Also nengkod, changkok.)
tengkoi
to taunt, mock.
tengkok
nape of neck.
tengok to see, look at.
tahoi.) (M., tengok)
(Syn., giah.)
(M., changkong)
(M., giat)
(M., tengkok)
(Syns., nentang, panang, me'ati.)
(See also nampak,
tenkeh the sound of tapping on metal (see tengko); to rap heads with fists to
cause people to move aside (see tungkeh, tinju, tumbok). (Also nenkeh.) (M.,
tolak?)
80
tenkul
ankle.
(S+B II, p. 642, tengkhu, knee, Kenaboi.)
tenong to see an omen of bad luck, something unusual such as blood on the
ground, or a hantu, or a double-trunked palm tree. (Syn., penapat.) (M.,
tenong)
tentang
opposite, facing.
(M., tentang)
tentu
certain.
(M., tentu)
tepat
exactly.
(M., tepat)
tepi
edge.
(M., tepi)
tepok to pat, as patting children to put them to sleep or as patting a
friend's back when meeting him after a long separation. (Also tepuk.) (See
tampa, tembi.) (M., tepok)
tepong
flour.
(See also kenya.)
tepuk
(See tepok.)
tepus
(See buah.)
terang
clear, bright.
(M., tepong)
Chakap terang, to talk forthrightly.
terap
barkcloth is kain terap.
teras
hard heartwood.
(M., terang)
(M., terap)
(M., teras)
terasi a condiment of prawns or ikan bilis (anchovies) and chillis.
belanchan)
terbang
to fly.
(M., terbang)
tereka
ironing.
terjun
to leap down.
terkena
(M., serika)
Ayi terjun, waterfall.
(M., terjun)
to be sensitive to (for example, to be allergic to a certain food).
terlampau too much; to excess.
listening. (M., terlampau)
terong
(M.,
eggplant.
Bisuk terlampau, an extreme case of not
(M., terong)
terop playing cards. The four suits are speds, diman, lekok (hearts), and
kelawar (clubs). (M., terup)
terus
straight through.
(M., terus)
81
tesumbul
swollen.
(Also sumbul.)
(M., bengkak)
tetak to slash with a cutting weapon.
rumput.) (M., tetak)
teteh
breast.
tetas
to hatch, of eggs.
te'umpit
sumpit)
(See also lampi.)
(But to cut tall grass is lebas
(M., tetek)
(Syns., netas, jantas.)
to blow a flute, harmonica, or the like.
(M., tetas)
(Syn., sonoi.)
(M.,
-ti suffix indicating a step relation, such as bapa-ti, step-father.
tiri)
(M.,
tian uterus. Minta tian duit, to ask for contributions from descendents of a
newly-dead elder to pay for the expenses of grave construction and of a
remembrance feast. (M., tian)
tiba
to arrive.
(Syn., sampai.)
(M., tiba)
tiba to build out, such as adding an annex.
sibar)
(Also niba, siba, nyiba.)
(M.,
tido to sleep. (Also tidu, me'esul.) (See also jenak, jankod, hono, sungkusangka, ula ola.) Tido pelandok, to sleep with eyes open. (M., tidor)
tidu
tihang
(See tido.)
post.
(See intat, lebang, mahuntak.)
tikah
mat.
tikam
to stab.
tiket
ticket.
tikil
to hit lightly.
tikus ayi
(M., tiang)
(M., tikar)
(See gencheh, lenchi, tajih.)
(Eng.)
Bowers' rat.
tikus babi
tikus berah
tikus kinekg
(M., tikam)
(Also nikil.)
(See tukul.)
(M., tikus bulu kasar)
pentail tree shrew.
(Also chong.)
long-tailed giant rat.
(M., tikus akar malam)
(M., tikus mondok ekor panjang)
pencil-tailed tree mouse.
(M., tikus buloh)
tikus solat
white-tooth shrew.
(M., tikus pahit)
tikus tanah
short-tailed mole.
(M., tikus menggali tanah)
82
tikus umah
tilam
mattress.
timang
timba
house shrew.
(M., tikus pahit)
(M., tilam)
to dandle, lift up (for example, an infant).
dipper, small bucket.
(M., timang)
(M., timba)
timbang to weigh, estimate the weight, consider the pros and cons.
timbang)
timbu
to bring or come to the surface, to float up.
timo east.
timor)
timok
(M., timbul)
(Barat is west; no Temuan word exists for north or south.)
dark-handed gibbon.
to fall down on.
timpak
a kind of drum.
timpang
(M.,
(M., ungka)
timok tangan putih white-handed, or lar, gibbon. (Also wa-wa.)
660, timok, Besisi, Beduanda, Mantra.) (M., ungka tangan puteh)
timpa
(M.,
(S+B II, p.
(M., timpa)
(Also gendang.)
lame with a stiff leg.
(Syn., pingkah.)
(M., tempang)
timpok to postpone: timpok satu minggu lagi, postponed for one more week.
(Syn., tanggoh.) Nikah timpok, a temporary marriage, without ceremony; it is
permitted for several months, during which time the man is obliged to save up
enough money to pay for the customary wedding expenses. (M., tanggoh)
timun
cucumber.
tingelap
(M., timun)
limp, lame.
(M., tingelap)
tinggal to live, as in didi tinggal kampong, they live in a village; to
remain, as in aku tinggal payong umah, I left my umbrella in the house, and
tinggal adah sekit, there's a little left. (M., tinggal)
tinggi
tall.
(See langiu, dompok.)
tingka
to answer, retort.
(M., tinggi)
(Syns., ningka, chahont.)
tingkap
window.
tingkat
storey, floor (in a multistorey building).
tinju
tinting
(Indo., tingkah)
(M., tingkap)
to box, strike with the fist.
(M., tingkat)
(Syn., tumbok.)
to winnow with a swaying motion.
83
(M., tinju)
(M., tinting)
tiong
(See bu'ong.)
tiop
to blow.
Tiop api, blow up (mend) the fire.
(M., tiup)
tipak to play the drum with the hands is tipak gendang, as opposed to playing
it with a stick (pukul).
tipu, nipu
tiram
tis
to cheat, deceive.
oyster.
(M., tipu)
(M., tiram)
oozing, dripping leak.
(See also bocho.)
(M., tiris)
titek drop; point; the period mark in writing.
titek)
titek
tium
to hit lightly with the fist.
to smell, sniff at.
Titek batu, gravel.
(M.,
(M., titek)
(Syns., nium, mehindung.)
(M., chium)
-toh (suffix) one example: itu hai diah makan o'ang haja-toh, that day he
just ate people. (See also -tah, -tai, -teh, -tu.) Toh is said by itself, as
"So!", when one perceives someone doing something troublesome, or the like.
toing knife for harvesting rice.
sever, Besisi.) (M., tuai)
(See nuai.)
tokeh
(See taka.)
tokok
to increase over present levels.
tolak
(See telat.)
(S+B II, p. 570, toyt, to
(M., tokok)
tolak to push, to reject. Ayi betolakong, a waterway obstacle, such as a
swamp pond that cannot be waded through. (M., tolak)
tolol
dumb, stupid.
(Syns., bodoh, kelutut.)
tolong
to help, aid.
(See bantu.)
tombok
to fill, level up, such as a rice field.
tongkeh
tolak?)
to push over the edge.
tong'ok
hunchbacked.
tongtoik
chabut.)
(M., tolol, bodoh)
(M., tolong)
(M., tombok)
(Syns., nongkeh, julat, nyulat.)
(M.,
(M., bongkok)
to tug living things, such as roots, out of the ground.
84
(Also
topeng
tong
toyal
a mask, such as a swimming mask.
large can.
Tong minyak, gas can.
(M., topeng)
(M., tong)
(See hantu.)
-tu (suffix) one example: "Pukul-lah," kata dah imau-tu, "Hit him," said the
tiger. (See also -tah, -tai, -teh, -toh.) M., itu)
tuala
tuan
tuang
tuba
face towel, handkerchief.
(A towel is kain sel.)
a polite form of address for men; sir.
to pour out.
(M., tuan)
(M., tuang)
fish poison, from a plant source.
(M., tuba)
tudong veil, covering (as for a camera lens), lid.
(M., tudong)
tuha
tua)
Tuhan
old (of people); elder than self.
God.
(Eng., towel)
(Syns., sungkup, tutup.)
(See menagud, gohgoh, lama.)
(M.,
(M., tuhan)
tuik
infected ear; ear wax.
tuis
to scratch.
(M., torek?)
(M., turis)
tujoh
seven.
(M., tujoh)
tujok
to be in harmony is sa-tujok.
tukar
to change, substitute; to change one's place of work.
tukul
hammer.
(Syn., tinkih.)
(M., tuju)
(M., tukar)
(M., tukul)
tulah misfortune consequent on sacrilege or extreme presumption, including
calling a person by his true name when he is ill. (See dulat, daius.) (A.,
tulah)
tulak to push, push away. (Syn., tekang.) (See also julat, nongkeh,
tongkeh, kais, kanchis, nonko.) (M., tolak)
tulak bayuh when kemayan is burned during the hinai ceremony and its smoke is
"washed" up over the bride and groom, that is, minta hantu. If this is not
done, the couple will die.
tulang
bone.
tulang be'uk
(See ukong, pala, pengyalas, raban.)
(M., tulang)
some Temuan houses have a long bone (femur) of a pig-tailed
85
macaque hung above the door in order to have some control over hantu be'uk.
tulang kering
tibia.
tulang papan bahu
tulang seni
tulang sonong
(M., tulang kering)
scapula (shoulder blade).
ankle bone.
(Also tunggul.)
shoulder blade(?).
tulat
three days hence; the day after lusa.
tulis
to write.
tumbang
(M., tulat)
(M., tulis)
to topple heavily.
(Syn., tehanpap.)
(M., tumbang)
tumbok
to strike a blow; to pound in a mortar.
tumbuh
gemu.)
to sprout up (like a moustache); to be newly leaved.
(M., tumboh)
tumit
sole of the heel.
tumpah
tumpang
tumpi
(See tapak.)
to spill out; to shed.
(See tinju.)
(Syn., tejehoh.)
(Syn., sa'ang.)
(See also tunas,
(M., tumit)
(M., tumpah)
to take shelter with; to get a lift in a vehicle.
bird's nest.
(M., tumbok)
(M., tumpang)
(M., sarang)
tumpih, betumpih a thick cluster (of grapes, of behangan, or of any fruit or
vegetable that grows in a cluster). (Syn., endang.) (See tungkul.) (M.,
rendang?)
tumpih
thick with people.
(See ramai.)
tumpul
dull, blunt (versus tajam).
(M., tumpul)
tumput solid; gajah tenang bani tumput, the elephant got solid feet by
kicking at tree buttresses. (M., tumput)
tun
there; yonder.
(Syns., situ, nun.)
(M., nun, di-sana)
tunam to bury or submerge worthless objects in water or mud.
chenkoh, benam.) (M., benam)
tunang
engaged to be married.
(Syn., sudah betanda.)
tunas the sprouting of a small shoot on a felled tree.
(M., tunas)
tunggah
(Syns.,
(M., tunang)
(See also tumbuh.)
to build a ladder and scaffold above the bani (buttresses) of a tree
86
in order to cut it down.
trees, Besisi.)
tunggal
single.
(Also nunggah.)
(S+B II, p. 509, gah, to fell
Anak tunggal, a single child.
(See also tanggal.)
tungingk to roll a cylindrical object (such as a cob of corn on coals, to
roast it).
tunggoh to wait. (Syns., nunggoh, nanti.) Tunggoh sa-batan rokok, wait five
minutes (the time it takes for a monkey to drop from a tree after being hit by
a blowpipe dart). (M., tunggu)
tunggul
tree stump; ankle(?); heel(?).
tungkah taproot of tree.
tunjang, umbi)
tungkai
(Syn., tekah.)
(Syn., humbi.)
(M., tunggul)
(See also pajung, jangka.)
prop to hold up a drop shutter over a window.
(M.,
(See tungkat.)
tungkat crutch, cane, prop (including an under-floor house support). (Syn.,
sokong.) (M., tongkat)
tungkeh
tolak)
tungku
to push away.
(Syn., julat.)
(See tulak, tongkeh, tenkeh.)
fireplace stones (on which to set a pot).
(M.,
(M., tungku)
tungkul a bunch of rambutans, of ears of maize, of chestnuts, etc.; if one
fruit, say sa-hulas). (See tumpih.) (M., tongkol)
tunjai
tunjang
tunjok
projecting (as teeth).
(Syn., jungan.)
(See unjai.)
to straighten out legs; to pedal a bicycle.
to point out, show.
(M., tunjang)
(M., tunjok)
tuntog to pull out. (Syn., chabut.)
Malay, sentak?) (M., chabut)
(S+B II, p. 686, sintag, Semang, from
tuntung to invert (a tin or the like); to empty out dregs.
(See sungsang.)
tuntung
(M., jongang)
a large sp. of river turtle.
tupai belong
Prevost's squirrel.
tupai chulis
(See chong gemu.)
(Syn., jehoh.)
(M., tuntong)
(M., tupai gading)
tupai kodis
slender squirrel.
(M., tupai cherleh)
tupai me'ah
reddish squirrels, such as the black-banded (M., tupai tompok)
87
and the plantation squirrel (M., tupai merah).
tupai mengas
black giant squirrel.
tupai puchok
cream-colored giant squirrel.
tupai puteh
(M., kerawak hitam)
(M., kerawak puteh-kuning)
(See chong bunga.)
turun
to descend, get off.
(M., turun)
tutuh
to cut off branches of a tree.
(M., tutoh; potong dahan)
tutup to shut, close (see ke'om, kepal); covering, lid (see tudong, sungkup).
Saudara punya muka, aku tutup mata; I don't flirt with girls that are my
close relatives. (M., tutup)
U
U
ubat
ubi
U
U
U
medicine; dry cell battery. (See also tegas.)
edible tuber.
(See also gejil.)
ubi buheng
a forest yam.
ubi ginjel
a forest yam.
ubi hau
a forest yam.
U
U
(M., ubat)
(M., ubi)
(S+B II, p. 762, hau, Semang.)
(M., ubi tanjong)
ubi kayu cassava (tapioca). Particular kinds are called ubi kayu medan and
ubi kayu ta-on. Ubi chinchang is a way of preparing and eating cassava that
involves making a flour dough and frying it.
ubi kentang
potato.
uesah
to wipe.
ugang
serow (a forest goat).
ugih
uhchik
uhgat
lai.)
a loss.
(Syns. gansa, gansat, gosok.)
(M., gosok)
(M., kambing gunun)
(M., rugi)
to splash. (Also ehchik.)
(M., rechek)
to dart off without knowing where one is going. (Also ehgat.)
(M., higat?)
uhngad any internal illness.
rengat)
(If a wound, say sakit.)
88
(See
(Also ehngat.)
(M.,
uhyed
ujal
uki
the tipmost end.
to struggle to escape (as a fish in a net).
to engrave (as a pattern on a temiang).
ukong backbone.
belakang)
uku
(Also whyed.)
(Also unjal.)
(See weng.)
(M., ukir)
(S+B II, p. 542, kong, backbone, Mantra.)
to measure linearly.
(Syn., sukat.)
(M., tulang
(M., ukor)
ula snake. (Also hular, benda panjang.) (See chikok.) Ula tedong, king
cobra; ula lidi, a venomous snake; ula sawa, common python; ula chening, a
kind of python; ula ripung, a short python. (M., ular)
ulah temperament. (When a child still fusses after being given food, one
says: Me'ulah! What a fusser!) (M., olah)
ulan a kind of vine that grows on sandy soil but has no fruit.
ulang?)
ulang
uncooked food; to eat uncooked food.
(M., akar
(See also mentah.)
ulu to toss or haul down something attached to a rope, such as a bunch of
petai pods. (M., hulor)
ulu ola to sleep fitfully.
ta'tentu.)
(Also sungku-sangka.)
(See tido.)
(M., tidor
umah house. (Syns., dangau, pundong.) Umah dangau, temporary lean-to (also
pundong, sabai). (See also perangan, pe'inka, empas, lindung, hinggu.) (M.,
rumah)
umak melikat the spirit house built near a grave: a small, makeshift, stilted
lean-to that contains offerings for the spirit of the dead. (See also
sangeh.)
uman the look or nature of a person; to perceive such. (Temuans believe they
can perceive a person's character by looking at him.) (See also pe'angai.)
(M., roman)
umil a pig wallow or children's play place in the dust.
lumi.) (See bungkas.)
umo
age.
(M., umor)
umpan
bait.
umput
grass.
una
(Syns., unli, lumo,
(M., umpan)
(M., rumput)
time period, such as una Jepun, in the Japanese times of World War II.
89
Una hai, on that day (some weeks or months earlier).
meh, tai, entai.) (M., masa itu)
unan
affectionate.
unchan
bag, pouch.
unching
undang
undur
(Syns., che'en, manja.)
pointed.
rules.
(Syn., jabeh.)
(Syn., tajam.)
(Syn., dulu-ni.)
(See
(M., manja)
(M., buntil, unchang)
(M., runching)
(M., undang)
to retreat.
(M., undor)
uneh, be-uneh to bubble out, as from the breathing of a crocodile under
water. (M., reneh)
ungka
(See ungkeh.)
ungkeh, me-ungkeh to break open, take to pieces. (Thus, to children: Apa dah
ungkeh? What have you gotten into? (Syns., ompek, kopak, ungka.) (M.,
ungkal)
unjai house eaves, of leaves or fronds.
penyu'uh.) (M., penyuru atap)
unjal
unkong
unli
(Also tunjai.)
(Wooden eaves are
(See ujal.)
backbone.
(S+B II, p. 542, tulang kong, backbone, Mantra.)
(See umil.)
unseng to be full of anxieties and withdraw when unable to face them.
eagan.) (See bimbang, risau.) (M., runseng)
unta
untai
camel.
(Syn.,
(M., unta)
dangling loose in a cluster. (Syn., sepeuntai.)
(M., untai)
until a few (syn., gesel); in the midst of (syn., stengah); said when one
agrees to do something in a few minutes.
untong
gain, profit.
(M., untong)
untung to jerk at, such as jerking at a string tied around a sack.
runtung?)
upah
a fee.
urat
vein, artery.
urbong
(See also tambang, siwa.)
(Also uwat.)
bamboo shoot (edible).
(M., upah)
(M., urat)
(M., rebong)
90
(M.,
urrang
throat.
urrang
to raise the eyebrows(?).
urwongk
(Syns., tekak, tempat telang.)
(M., kerongkong, tekak)
segment line on a durian; any scratch or long mark.
usak
broken.
(Syn., habis.)
(M., rosak)
usan
to push forward.
(Syn., so'ong.)
useh
to tease, annoy.
(Syns., gelah, kachau.)
(See tulak.)
(M., sorong)
(M., usek)
usond to carry on a pole, such as in a litter, as a corpse is carried.
(Syns., kulond, sengka.) (M., usong)
utak
brains.
(M., otak)
uwat
(See urat.)
uweh
oh!
uyat to disarrange objects.
barang)
W
W
(Syn., onchih.)
W
W
(See buka.)
W
(M., membuka
W
W
wah aunt (M., emak saudara); uncle (M., wak). Used for pangkat tinggi
relationships, for older siblings of one's parents. An older aunt, or auntin-law may also be called taha.
wais
all descendents(?).
warna
color.
walau
although.
(M., waris: heir)
(M., warna)
(M., walau)
wali agent (for pre-nuptial arrangements), usually a mamak (uncle).
wali)
wangi
fragrance.
wa-wa
(See timok tangan putih.)
wayang
we'eh
movie.
(M., wangi)
(M., wayang)
to open the mouth.
(Syn., sekeh.)
91
(A.,
weng
incising or engraving implement, such as a jawbone (jengka).
wespadap
whez
to walk energetically.
whyed
woih
so!
well!
(Same as nahoint, hawa, apoh.)
Y
yes.
yah owin
Y
(Syn., enh.)
(Ser. dialect.)
Y
Y
Y
Y
(M., yah)
certainly.
to shriek.
yelempong
yen
(From Eng., whiz?)
graveyard.
Y
yai
(A., sabar; Indo., waspada?)
(See uhyed.)
wokup
yah
patient, tolerant.
(See uki.)
(Syn., cheyeng.)
(M., tayak?)
standing crouched or hunched over.
name given to a pet long-tailed macaque monkey (the ku'ah).
yet-lah
sure; yes.
(M., ia-lah)
yongkil
to dig up, using leverage.
(M., ungkil)
92
(Also onoh.)