C/IL 102 Computer and Information Literacy
Spring 1998
CHAPTER 4
INPUT AND OUTPUT
WHAT IS INPUT?
 Entering data, programs, commands, and user responses into memory
 Data - raw facts
 Programs - stored instructions that direct the computer
 Commands - keywords and phrases that direct the computer
 User responses - responses to questions or messages from the software
THE KEYBOARD
 Most commonly used input device
POINTING DEVICES
 Mouse
 Clicking + Dragging + Double-clicking
 Trackball
 Like a mouse, but the ball is on top (portable PCs)
 Touchpad
 Flat rectangular surface that senses the movement of a finger on its surface (portable PCs)
 Pointing stick
 Trackpoint or isometric pointing device (portable PCs)
 Joystick
 Uses the movement of a vertical stem (for games)
 Pen input
 Hand-written characters and shapes that the computer can recognize (special purposes)
 Touch screen
 Interact with touch of finger
 Light Pen
 Touch it on display screen
 Digitizer
 Converts points, lines, curves, drawing or photograph into data (map makers and architects)
 Graphics tablet
 Similar to digitizer
SOURCE DATA AUTOMATION
 Source data collection
 Source document
SOURCE DATA AUTOMATION
 Image scanner (page and hand-held scanners)
 Optical recognition
 Optical codes
 Optical mark recognition (OMR)
 Optical character recognition (OCR)
 Magnetic ink character recognition (MICR)
 Blank checks - bank code, account number, and check number
TERMINALS
 Display terminals, or video display terminals (VDTs) = keyboard + screen
 Dumb terminals
 Intelligent terminals (programmable terminals, smart terminals)
 Special-purpose terminals (Point-of-sale (POS) terminals)
OTHER INPUT DEVICES
 Sound input
 Voice input
C/IL 102 Computer and Information Literacy
 Digital camera
 Video input
 Electronic whiteboards
Spring 1998
C/IL 102 Computer and Information Literacy
WHAT IS OUTPUT?
 Hard copy -- Printed
 Soft copy -- Displayed on screen
 Other types – Audio + Video
TYPES OF OUTPUT
 Reports
 Graphics
 Audio output
 Video output
DISPLAY DEVICES
 Monitors
 Color monitors
 Monochrome monitors
 Flat panel displays
 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
 Gas plasma
 Resolution
 Pixels (picture elements) + Dot pitch
 Resolution standards
 VGA / SVGA
 Determined by Software + video card + monitor
 Resolution
 Multiscanning (multisync)
 How images are displayed on a monitor
IMPACT PRINTERS
 Dot matrix printers
 Small dots form characters graphics (9-pin or 24-pin heads, 10-1K lpm)
 Band printers
NONIMPACT PRINTERS
 Ink-jet printers
 Spray tiny drops of ink onto the paper ( color, 2-8 ppm)
 Laser printers
 Operates much like a copy machine (240-1200dpi, 4-12ppm for PCs 16-50ppm)
 Thermal printers (thermal transfer printers)
 Transfer color inks from ink sheets onto the printer surface
 Plotters
 Produce high-quality line drawings
OTHER OUTPUT DEVICES
 Data projectors
 LCD projection panels
 LCD projectors
 Computer output microfilm (COM)
 Records output from a computer as microscopic images on a roll or sheet of film
 Facsimile (fax)
 Used to transmit and receive an image of a document over a phone line
Spring 1998