Name: ___________________________________________ Date: ____________ Class: _____ 3/6/16
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CP2 KEY TERMS AND OBJECTIVES FOR
Introduction to Basic and Organic Chemistry
OBJECTIVES: By the end of this unit, you should be able to…
1. Match each of the key terms below to its correct definition
2. Differentiate between atomic mass and atomic number
3. Given the periodic table, be able to find the number of protons, neutrons, electrons, atomic mass and atomic
number of any given element
4. Explain what “organic” means in terms of chemistry.
5. Recognize the six most common elements in organic molecules and their symbols
6. Identify the four groups of substances that make up most living things
7. Explain why carbon is so important to life on earth
8. Tell how many bonds carbon can make
9. Explain the difference between a polymer and a monomer
10. Explain the difference between a physical and a chemical change
11. Give examples of physical and chemical changes, and given an example of a change, be able to tell whether it
is a physical or chemical one.
SECTIONS IN BOOK:
Biology: Exploring Life 4.1 – Life requires about 25 chemical elements
Biology: Exploring Life 4.2 – Chemical properties are based on the structure of atoms
Biology: Exploring Life 4.3 – Chemical bonds join atoms to one another
Biology: Exploring Life 4.4 – Life depends on the unique properties of water
Biology: Exploring Life 5.1 – Carbon is the main ingredient of organic molecules
KEY TERMS:
Basic Chemistry: (Chapter 4 in Biology: Exploring Life)
Atom: smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element
Atomic number: number of protons an atom has
Chemical change / reaction: breaking of old and formation of new chemical bonds that
result in new substances
Compound: a substance made of two or more different elements bonded together
Covalent bond: strong bond in which two atoms share electrons
Electron: negatively charged particle found around the nucleus of an atom
Element: simplest chemical substance
Isomer: molecules made of the same atoms as each other, but they have different
structures
Indicator: substance that shows whether another substance is present.
(example: putting iodine on a starch will turn the starch black or purple. Putting
iodine on a substance that is not a starch will turn the substance light brown.
Therefore, iodine indicates for starch)
Matter: anything that occupies space and has mass
Metabolism: collectively, all chemical reactions that happen in an organism
Molecule: group of atoms held together by covalent bonds
Neutron: particle that has no charge
Nucleus: center of an atom, made of protons and neutrons
Physical change: particles of a substance are rearranged
Products: ending materials in a reaction
Proton: positively charged particle
Reactants: starting materials for a reaction
Solution: a mixture of substances, one dissolved into the other (like Kool-Aid)
Name: ___________________________________________ Date: ____________ Class: _____ 3/6/16
Organic Chemistry: (Section 5.1 in Biology: Exploring Life)
Hydrocarbon: organic molecule composed of only carbon and hydrogen
Inorganic molecule: molecule that does not contain carbon
Mono: “one”
Monomer: small molecules that make up polymers
Organic molecule: molecule that contains carbon
Organic: contains carbon
Poly: “many”
Polymer: large molecule made of monomers
Subunit: small part
GRAPHIC ORAGANIZERS FOR CHEMISTRY OF LIFE (GENERAL)
1. List the 6 most common elements found in living things:
Symbol:
Element:
Here is a list of only the key words so you can use it to study:
Basic Chemistry: (Chapter 4 in Biology:
Exploring Life)
Atom
Atomic number
Chemical change / reaction
Compound
Covalent bond
Electron
Element
Isomer
Indicator
Matter
Metabolism
Molecule
Neutron
Nucleus
Physical change
Products
Proton
Reactants
Solution
Organic Chemistry: (Section 5.1 in
Biology: Exploring Life)
Hydrocarbon
Inorganic molecule
Mono
Monomer
Organic molecule
Organic
Poly
Polymer
Subunit
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Name: ___________________________________________ Date: ____________ Class: _____ 3/6/16
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