Español 202 / Redmond
Repaso para examen 5
el 7 de abril del 2002
Vocabulario: necesitas saber las definiciones de todas las palabras
El perfecto: The perfects are the compound tenses such as “has eaten,” “had eaten,” etc.
HABER + Past Participle (PP) … IMPORTANT!: The PP always is in sing., masc. form!
The perfect indicates that an action had been completed before the reference point.
Presente perfecto: Present form of HABER + PP…
The action has been completed before the present reference point in time
he comido
I have eaten
hemos comido
We have eaten
has comido
You have eaten.
habéis comido
You all have eaten.
ha comido
He has eaten.
han comido
They have eaten.
Pluscuamperfecto (Imperfecto perfecto): Imperfect form of HABER + PP…
The action had been completed before the past tense reference point.
había comido I had eaten
habíamos comido
We had eaten
habías comido You had eaten.
habíais comido
You all had eaten.
había comido He had eaten.
habían comido
They had eaten.
Pretérito perfecto: (Very rare) Preterite form of HABER + PP…
The action had been completed before the past tense reference point.
hube comido I had eaten
hubimos comido
We had eaten
hubiste comido You had eaten.
habisteis comido
You all had eaten.
hubo comido He had eaten.
hubieron comido
They had eaten.
Futuro perfecto: Future form of HABER + PP…
The action will have been completed before the future reference point in time
May also be used to express conjecture (a guess) about what has been done before the present.
habré comido I will have eaten
habremos comido
We will have eaten
habrás comido You will have eaten.
habréis comido
You all will have eaten.
habrá comido He will have eaten.
habrán comido
They will have eaten.
Condicional perfecto: Conditional form of HABER + PP…
The action would have been completed before a hypothetical reference point in time.
May also be used to express conjecture (a guess) about what had been done before a past point in time.
habría comido I would have eaten
habríamos comido
We would have eaten
habrías comido You would have eaten. habríais comido
You all would have eaten.
habría comido He would have eaten. habrían comido
They would have eaten.
El perfecto en el subjuntivo: Whenever we normally need the subjunctive (e.g. after WEDDING), we may use
the perfect tense in the subjunctive… it still indicates the action would be completed before the reference point.
Presente perfecto del subjuntivo: Present subjunctive of HABER + PP…
The action would be complete before the present tense.
haya comido I have eaten
hayamos comido
We have eaten
hayas comido You have eaten.
hayáis comido
You all have eaten.
haya comido He has eaten.
hayan comido
They have eaten.
Example: Me fascina que tú hayas leído el libro. It fascinates me that you have read the book.
Ella trabaja para que sus niños hayan visto la vida buena antes de su muerte.
She works so that her kids might have seen the good life before her death.
Pluscuamperfecto del subjuntivo: Imperfect subjunctive of HABER + PP…
The action would be completed before the past tense.
hubiera comido I had eaten
hubiéramos comido
We had eaten
hubieras comido You had eaten. hubierais comido
You all had eaten.
hubiera comido He had eaten. hubieran comido
They had eaten.
Example: Me fascinaba que tú hubieras leído el libro. It fascinated me that you had read the book.
Ella trabaja como si sus niños no hubieran visto la vida buena.
She works as if her kids had not seen the good life.
El participio pasado: Remember, in the perfect tenses, these always end with –ado or –ido (sing. + masc.)
Some irregulars:
abrir abierto
hacer  hecho
romper  roto
cubrir  cubierto morir  muerto
ver  visto
decir  dicho
resolver  resuelto
poner  puesto
volver  vuelto
escribir  escrito
Sequence of tenses: Keeping in mind the possibility of the use of perfects (see above), remember that when we
have 2 clauses, if the main clause is present, future, or a command, use the present subjunctive in the second
clause. If the main clause is past or conditional, use the imperfect of the subjunctive in the second clause.
Ojo: You MUST read pp. 335-336-312 for explanations in English of these words!