Name _____________________________________
Hour____
Studyguide on ATP Energy for Muscle Contraction
1. Muscles use ATP in order to contract. What muscle filament uses the ATP directly?
2. What does the ATP do to this structure?
3. What does ATP stand for?
4. How does ATP compare to a DNA nucleotide?
5. Take a look at the drawings below. Which one is ATP? What are the other two molecules? Label all three
molecules below:
Adenine
Adenosine
6. ATP carries energy to the places in the cell that need energy. What 3 things result from the breakdown of ATP?
7. ADP does not typically break down. What is the reason for this?
8. Our cells can make ATP in several ways. What are the 3 major processes of cellular respiration called?
9. Where does glycolysis take place?
10. Does glycolysis generate much ATP per glucose molecule? (How much?)
11. What percentage of the energy in glucose is released during glycolysis?
12. Even so, what is the advantage of glycolysis?
13. Generally speaking, how many seconds can a muscle be active without oxygen before it uses up all of the ATP
generated by glycolysis?
14. Where does the Krebs Cycle take place?
15. What is another name for the Krebs Cycle?
16. What molecule must be present in order for the pyruvic acid to enter the Krebs Cycle pathway?
17. Does the Krebs Cycle generate much ATP per glucose molecule? (How much?)
18. Even so, what is the advantage of the Krebs Cycle?
19. Where does the Electron Transport Chain take place?
The ___________________ of the ____________________________
20. What molecule must be present in order for the NADH and FADH2 to enter the Electron Transport Chain?
21. Does the Electron Transport Chain generate much ATP per glucose molecule? (How much?)
22. What percentage of the energy in glucose is released during the Electron Transport Chain?
23. What ultimately happens to the oxygen that we breathe in?
24. When do your cells switch to Lactic Acid Fermentation instead of the Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain?
25. What are the problems with Lactic Acid Fermentation?
26. As you begin to exercise regularly, several changes take place in your body to prevent your muscles from having
to use Lactic Acid Fermentation. What are these changes?

mitochondria _____________________________________________________

blood vessels_____________________________________________________

lung capacity_____________________________________________________

myoglobin _____________________________________________________
27. Describe what type of pathway each of these individuals would probably use to provide their muscles the energy
that the muscles need.
a. An athlete running the 200 meter event in track & field
b. A professional weightlifter lifting a 400 pound weight
c. A marathon runner running a 10 mile route
d. A mother picking up her growing child and placing him in his highchair
e. A non-runner running to catch the bus down the block
f.
A middle age person doing reps on the weight-machines at the gym