Nervous System – Area Functions
Frontal
Primary motor cortex
Premotor cortex
Motor speech area, Broca area
Frontal eye fields
Primary somatosensory cortex
Somatosensory association area
Part of Wernicke Area
Part of Gnostic area
Primary auditory cortex
Primary olfactory cortex
Auditory association area
Olfactory association area
Part of Wernicke area
Part of Gnostic area
Higher intellectual functions (concentration,
decision making, planning); personality; verbal
communications; voluntary motor control of
skeletal muscles
Sensory interpretation of textures and shapes;
understanding speech and formulating words to
express thoughts and emotions (general sensory)
Occipital
Primary visual cortex
Visual Association area
Insula
Epithalamus
Primary gustatory cortex
Roof of diencephalons/pineal gland
Thalamus
Pair oval masses on side of 3rd
ventricle
Includes infundibulum start which
extends to pituitary gland
Conscious perception of visual stimuli; integration
of ey-focussing movements; correlation of visual
images with previous visual experiences (sores
visual memories)
Interpretation of taste; memory
Secretes hormone melatonin to regulate day-night
cycles
Relay station for sensory info. Except olfactory.
Parietal
Temporal
Hypothalamus
Limbic System
Forms ring (limbus) around
diencephalons
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla
Oblongata
Brainstem
Midbrain, Pons, medulla oblongata.
Cerebellum
3 layers, arbor vitae, folia, vermis,
flocculonodular lobe. Cerebellar
peduncles
Interpretation of auditory and olfactory sensations;
storage of auditory and olfactory experiences;
understanding speech
(hearing, smell)
Master control of ANS, Endocrine system, Reg of
Body Temp, emotional behavior, food and water
intake, sleep-wake circadian rhythms.
Affects memory formation, integration of past
memories of physical sensations and emotional
states
Superior colliculi – visual reflex center
Inferior colliculi – auditory reflex center
Pneumotaxic and apneustic centers regulating
rate/depth of breathing and influence respiratory
center of medulla
Nerves 5,6,7,8
All tracts ascend/descend thru medulla. Nerves 8,
9, 10, 11, 12. Pyramids for decussating.
Cardiac Ctr – reg HR, Vasomotor Ctr – BP,
Respiratory Ctr – reg respiratory rate. Other nuclei
– coughing sneezing salivation, swallowing,
gagging, and vomiting.
Connects forebrain/cerebellum to cord. Bidirectional passageway for tracts.
Coordinates skeletal muscle movements, smooth
coordinated movements. Equilibrium, posture.
Muscle tone.
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