ART HISTORY 208 TERM SHEET 26
Early Medieval: Hiberno-Saxon, Carolingian &
Ottonian Art
Reshaping of Western Europe
collapse of Roman Empire, late 5th cent CE
incursions of Germans, esp. Goths & Franks
Celts, Romans, Angles, Saxons, & Norse,
feudalism, migratory art, cross media influence
Purse Cover from Sutton Hoo Ship Burial, 655
(WORKBOOK 276)
Beowulf, E. Anglian king, cloisonné technique,
animal interlacing, Swedish hawks, ducks,
migratory
IN the midst of this chaos, Christianity a beacon
of organization
Chi Rho Page from Book of Kells, illuminated
manuscript on vellum, 8th-9th centuries CE
(WORKBOOK 282)
-motifs?
-text,
island of
Iona
vellum
HibernoSaxon art preexisting
secular
forms
-Greek
letters chi
rho iota
(XPI) or
Chri; form
the
abbreviatio
n for the
story of
how the
birth of JC
came about
(Matthew
I:18)
Model
after the
Saint Gall
Monastery Plan, Abbey, 817 CE (WORKBOOK
282)
-modular, scriptorium, atrium, parchment
Benedictine, hospitality, monks, laity
Holy Roman Emperor Charlemagne: Carolingian
Period; resurgence of Latin
Interior of Palatine Chapel, Aachen, Germany,
792-805 CE
(WORKBOOK 282)
Odo of Metz; PATRON: Charlemagne; 789
visit to R., St. Vitale at Ravenna St. Vitale model;
centrally planned, ambulatories
St. Matthew from Ebbo Gospels, 825-30 CE
(WORKBOOK 283)
PATRON: Bishop Ebbo (C), face
author portrait
refs to antiquity?
OTTONIAN ART
Holy Roman Emperor Otto; Saxon emperors;
heirs to Charlemagne’s empire; ruled until 1056
CE
Gero Crucifix, c. 1000 CE (WORKBOOK 288)
Gero, archbishop of Cologne, expressiveness?
St. Michael’s, Hildesheim, Germany
(WORKBOOK 289-90)
-monastic learning
-Bishop Bernward; tutor of Otto III
-church is double transept, modular, crossing
square, c/w Basilica Ulpia, Trajan’s Forum,
alternate support system (Romanesque)
Adam & Eve Reproached by the Lord, St.
Michael’s, Hildesheim, Germany, 1001-31 CE
(WORKBOOK 291)
-inf. of IM, OT & NT typology, emphasis?
Otto III Enthroned, Gospel Book of Otto III c.
1000 CE
East & West Aachen, c/w Const.
Christ Washing the Apostles’ Feet, Gospel Book of
Otto III, c. 1000 CE (WORKBOOK 291)
Themes, Class. elements
Romanesque Period: 19th c. term
Pilgrimage Routes from France to Spain, ending
at Santiago de Compostela
St. Foy Reliquary (WORKBOOK 293)
St. Sernin, Toulouse, France, 1080 CE
Exterior/interior
Reliquary, plan, module, alternate support
system
St. Etienne, Caen, France, beg. 1068 CE
(WORKBOOK 307)
Patron: William the Conqueror; groin
vaulting, clerestory
Bayeux Tapestry, 1066 (WORKBOOK 309)
-story of death of Edward the Confessor and
struggle between Harold & William of Normandy
(“the Conqueror”)
-over 200 ft. long; embroidery on linen
Durham Cathedral, England c. 1090
(WORKBOOK 306)
-introduction of ribbed groin vault in England
Facsimile page w/Hildegard’s Vision, Liber
Scivias, c. 1150-1200 CE(WORKBOOK 313)
Bingen “know the ways of the light”,
Volmar
“in the year 1141 of the incarnation of
Jesus Christ the son of God, when I was 42 years
and 7 months of age, a fiery light, flashing
intensely, came from the open vault of heaven and
poured through my whole brain...And suddenly I
could understand what such books as the psalter,
the gospel and the other catholic volumes of the
Old & New Testament actually set forth.”
Tympanum of Autun Cathedral (St. Lazare) by
Gislebertus, Autun, France, 1130 (WORKBOOK
298)
terms: portal, tympanum, lintel, trumeau, jamb,
Last Judgment scene, mandorla