Contemporary War: Change
and Continuity
(PLIT10085)
Honours Course
School of Social and Political Science
University of Edinburgh
COURSE GUIDE
Semester Two 2011-12
Course Convenor
Dr. Colin Fleming
1
Aims and Objectives
The course provides students with the theoretical and conceptual foundation to understand change and
continuity in contemporary conflict, and acts as a platform to think about the place and role of war in
the modern security environment. Exploring the ongoing debates regarding the changing nature and
character of war, the course balances analysis of these debates with comprehension of how these
translate to the practical use of military force in the modern world. The course critically engages with
contemporary debates and requires students to assess and explore this discourse in relation to
traditional approaches to strategic and security studies.
Learning objectives
Students should gain:
1.
Balanced and comprehensive appreciation of the complex character of modern
strategic/security studies, with particular emphasis on the core strands of the changing
character of war debate in the Post-Cold War era.
2.
A theoretical foundation with which to understand change and continuity in war.
3.
Detailed insight into the theoretical, historical, and contemporary experience of war and
strategy.
4.
Appreciation of the sources of political/social/technological change and their impact on war.
Course Staff
Dr. Colin Fleming (Course Convenor)
Room 2.13 (CMB)
Colin.Fleming@ed.ac.uk
Dr. Claire Duncanson
Room 3.02 (CMB)
c.p.duncanson@ed.ac.uk
Please consider email protocol, as detailed in your Politics/IR Handbook (p. 25), when contacting members of
staff:
http://www.sps.ed.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/18078/politics_honours_handbook_0809200808.pdf
2
Teaching Arrangements
The course will normally consist of a one hour lecture plus a 1 hour tutorial each week (Tutorials start in week
1). Lectures take place each Tuesday at 1000-1050 in 2.13 Old Infirmary, Drummond Street. Tutorials take
place on Tuesday afternoons (either at 1500-1550, or 1610-1700) in room 2.04 Appleton Tower. Sign up to
Tutorial Groups on WebTC
Please note that Week 10 is a ‘Practitioners Master Class’ with Andrew Kain – CEO of AKE Ltd, who will give
a lecture of the role of Private Military and Security Companies and their role in modern conflict. This class
will take place on Wednesday 21st of March and will replace our normal classes that week.
Lecture
Tuesdays 1000 -1050
2.13 Old Infirmary (Drummond
Street)
Tutorial Groups
Tuesdays
2.04 Appleton Tower
(Please sign up to ONE of these
groups on WebTC)
1500-1550 or 1610-1700
Course Outline
WEEK
DATE
LECTURE
1
17th Jan
Introduction – What is War? (CF)
2
24th Jan
3
31st Jan
The Revolution in Military Affairs (CF)
4
7th Feb
The Changing Nature of War (CF)
5
14th Feb
The Clausewitzian Trinity(CF)
6*
Innovative Teaching Week
7
28th Feb
Asymmetric/Irregular (CF)
8
6th Mar.
Counterinsurgency in Iraq and Afghanistan (CD)
Great War Thinkers (CF)
3
9
13th Mar.
War and the Media (CF)
10
Wed. 21st
March
Master Class on Private Military and Security Companies (AK)
11
27th Mar.
The Future of War? (CF)
12
3rd April
Reading Week (Exam preparation)
Recommended Books
Although there is no one book that covers the course, the following is a useful introduction to the subject:
John Baylis et al. (2010) Strategy in the Contemporary World: An Introduction to Strategic Studies 3rd Edition
(Oxford University Press).
Assessment
There are three elements to assessment: tutorial participation (10%), a 2,500 word essay (40%) and an
unseen 2 hour examination (50%)
Essays
Essay of up to 2,500 words, including footnotes but excluding bibliography, submitted as hard copy and
electronically, by noon at the latest, Friday 6th April. Guidelines for submitting online will be available on
WebCT - please ensure you follow them carefully. The essay will be marked and returned to you within three
weeks, using the School Marking Descriptors and the standard honours essay marksheet. Both these
documents can also be found on webCT.
Essay Titles
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
To what extent has the rise in non-state conflict transformed the nature of war?
Picking two of the Great Thinkers, critically assess their influence on our understanding of war.
To what extent has the RMA transformed the way in which war is fought?
Clausewitz’s famous claim that ‘war is the continuation of politics’ is as valid today as it was
in 19th Century Prussia. Discuss.
The Clausewitzian Trinity provides a timeless model of the nature of war. Discuss.
Is it possible to have security without development? Discuss in relation to the British
experience of counter-insurgency warfare in Afghanistan.
Although it is commonly assumed that superior military power should presage victory, there
are numerous examples of asymmetric wars when the weak win. What key factors explain
success in these wars?
Critically assess the claim that mediatization has led to an era of ‘diffused war’.
4
Plagiarism
Although discussion between students is encouraged, all essays, dissertations and other coursework are
accepted for assessment on the understanding that they are, in the end, the student’s own work. Copying out
passages from books and articles without putting the passages into quotation marks must be avoided. All
sources must be properly acknowledged. Occasionally cases have come to light of copying from other
students’ essays: this will not be condoned. Serious cases of plagiarism will normally lead to automatic failure
on the whole course, and may also lead to action under the University’s Code of Discipline. See the opposite
section in the Honours handbook for more information on plagiarism (and the consequences thereof).
The School is now using the ‘Turnitin’ system to check that submitted essays do not contain plagiarised
material. Turnitin compares every essay submitted against a constantly-updated database, which highlights all
plagiarised work. All coursework on this course must be submitted electronically.
Essay Submission
Students must deposit two hard copies of their essay in the Politics and IR Honours Essay Box, located in the
wall outside room 1.11, Chrystal Macmillan Building. When doing so, students must complete a Politics IR
Honours coversheet (available outside room 1.11), indicating their examination number and tutor’s name, and
signing a plagiarism form (see below).
Guidelines to note





Submit two hard copies of the essay.
Put only your Exam number on each copy of the essay.
Complete ONE Essay Front Coversheet and be sure you complete the Plagiarism Statement at the bottom
of it.
Staple the first copy
second to both of them.
of
the
essay
to
the
front
cover
sheet
and
paperclip
the
Post the completed essays into the Politics essay box situated outside room 1.11, Chrystal Macmillan
Building by 12 NOON on the day of deadline.
NOTE: All students should pay particular attention when completing the Plagiarism segment of the Essay Front
Coversheet. If it is not completed correctly, coursework will not be marked until the student returns to the
office to complete/correct the section.
Penalties for late submission are set by College, and are as follows:




Five marks per working day (i.e. excluding weekends) for up to 5 days;
Coursework handed in more than 5 days late will receive a zero
If you intend to penalise over-long essays (this is up to the course convenor), please make that clear in
your course guide. (e.g. ‘essays more than 10% over the word limit will lose xx marks’)
PLEASE NOTE that failure to submit an electronic version along with the hard copy of your
coursework will be treated as failure to submit, and subject to the same lateness penalties set out
above.
5
Please see the Rules on Late Submission in your Politics and IR Honours handbooks for guidance as to what to
do if you have a legitimate reason for submitting work late.
Students with learning difficulties
Advice, guidance and a range of support materials is available to students with learning difficulties (such as
dyslexia). These students should contact—in advance of coursework deadlines—the Disability Office for
further information. See the Disability Office’s website: http://www.disability-office.ed.ac.uk/
Tutorials
Students are expected to attend all class sessions and to participate in tutorial discussions. You will be
expected to have read the articles and chapters listed under Key Readings on the reading list. Everyone should
also try to read at least one other article or book section from the Suggested Further Readings selection.
Tutorial participation is part of the overall assessment of the course (10% of your mark). Each tutorial will
involve presentations by one or two students. Topics are outlined in the tutorial programme below (numbered
questions) and will be allocated in the first tutorial. The remainder of the seminar will be dedicated to a
discussion and debate about the themes and issues raised in the readings. All students are expected to
prepare the assigned readings, think about the questions/issues AND contribute to the discussion.
Tutorial Presentations
Student presentations should generally be 10-15 minutes in duration and include a one-page handout. The
presentations should 1) identify the primary research question(s) and/or the author’s motivation for writing
the work, 2) clarify the central argument or contribution, and 3) evaluate the theoretical, empirical,
methodological and other strengths and weaknesses of the work. The job of the presenters is to stimulate
discussion, not to lecture. Try to avoid simply reading from a prepared statement, but rather aim to present
information in a format which promotes discussion. Presenters should assume that everyone has come to the
tutorial prepared to discuss the readings critically. Presenters should introduce their own arguments that
challenge and build on the readings and encourage discussion.
Course Outline:
Week 1. Introduction - What is War?
The initial lecture introduces students to the micro-foundations of the subject by exploring the very
idea of war itself.
Tutorial questions: What is war? Can and How do we define war? Does the modern era require us to
examine our definition of war?
6
Carl von Clausewitz, On War. Edited and Translated by Michael Howard and Peter Paret,
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984) (Book 1, Chapter 1).
Smith, M. L. R., ‘Guerrillas in the mist: reassessing strategy and low intensity warfare’,
Review of International Studies, Vol, 29, No. 1, (2003), 19-37.
Waltz, Kenneth N (1954) Man the State and War: a theoretical analysis (New York:
Columbia University Press, 2001). – read introduction
J. Coates, The Ethics of War (Manchester; Manchester University Press, 1997), chapter. 5
Uppsala Conflict Data Program – Definitions: http://www.pcr.uu.se/research/ucdp/definitions/
–
Uppsala
Conflict
Data
Program
http://www.pcr.uu.se/research/ucdp/faq/
“Frequently
Asked
Questions”
,
John Balyis, James J Wirtz, Colin S Gray (ed.) Strategy in the Contemporary World; an
introduction to Strategic Studies, 3rd Edition (Oxford, OUP, 2010), Chapter 1.
Correlates
of
War
Project
http://www.correlatesofwar.org/COW2%20Data/WarData_NEW/COW%20Website%20%20Typology%20of%20war.pdf
Week 2. Great War Thinkers: Thucydides, Sun Tzu, Jomini, and Clausewitz
The lecture assess the influence of the Great strategic thinkers.
Tutorial questions: What is their contribution to our understanding to conflict? Do these theorists share
common ground? What is their role when analysing war today?
Baylis, J. et. Al, Strategy in the Contemporary World, Third Edition. (Oxford; OUP, 2010),
Chapter 3
Gat, Azar, A History of Military Thought: From the Enlightenment to the Cold War (Oxford:
Oxford University Press, 2001).13-138, 158-257
Michael I Handel, Masters of War, third edition (London: Frank Cass, 2001). Handel’s book
examines the ideas of the great theorist of war. This is essential reading and
highlights the similarities between these thinkers.
Peter Paret, ‘Clausewitz’, in Peter Paret (ed.) Makers of Modern Strategy, (Princeton;
Princeton University Press, 1986), 186-213.
Robert D Kaplan, Warrior Politics (New York, Random House, 2002), chapters 4 & 5
Colin Gray, Modern Strategy (Oxford, OUP; 1999)
John J Weltman, World Politics and the Evolution of War (John Hopkins University
Press;1995), chapter 4
7
Christopher Bassford, ‘Jomini and Clausewitz:
www.clausewitz.com/readings/Readings.shtml
Their
interaction’
(1993);
John Shy, ‘Jomini’, in Peter Paret (ed.) Makers of Modern Strategy, (Princeton; Princeton
University Press, 1986), 143-185.
Carl von Clausewitz, On War. Edited and Translated by Michael Howard and Peter Paret,
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984) (Book 1, Chapter 1).
Sun Tzu, The Art of War; foreword by James Clavell (Mobius, 1981)
Week 3: The Revolution in Military Affairs – 1990 - present
Although technological change has always influenced war, it has been claimed that technological
innovation represented by the American RMA has (or is) transforming the nature and character of
conflict. Introducing students to the concept of the RMA, the lecture and seminar explore the latest
American RMA over the last twenty years: it examines the changing use of technology, from precision
guided weapons, to the new robotics revolution.
Tutorial Question: Has the RMA transformed modern war?
Eliot Cohen, ‘Technology and Warfare’, in Baylis et al, Strategy in the Contemporary World,
Third Edition (Oxford; OUP, 2010) 141-157
Martin Van Creveld, Technology and War, from 2000 B.C. to the Present (New York: The
Free Press), skim 1-6, read 311-320.
Max Boot, War Made New. Technology, Warfare, and the Course of History, 1500 to Today.
(New York: Gotham Books, 2006), skim 307-317, read 352-384.
Stephen Biddle, “Afghanistan and the Future of Warfare,” Foreign Affairs 82 (2)
(March/April 2003), skim 31-46.
Knox, MacGregor & Murray, Williamson, ‘Thinking about revolutions in warfare’, in
MacGregor Know & Williamson Murray (ed), The Dynamics of Military Revolution,
1300-2050 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), 1-14. (However, the full
edition is extremely useful)
P. W. Singer, Wired For War. The Robotics Revolution and Conflict in the 21st Century (New
York: The Penguin Press, 2009), 19-42, 179-204
Websites/links (on the robotics revolution):
http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2011/jan/16/drones-unmanned-aircraft
http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2010/nov/21/military-robots-autonomous-machines
http://www.icrac.co.uk/Home.html
Recommended Readings:
8
Stephen D. Biddle, “Speed Kills? Reassessing the Role of Speed, Precision, and Situation
Awareness in the Fall of Saddam,” The Journal of Strategic Studies, 30 (1) (February
2007), 3-46.
Richard Andres, et. al., “Winning with Allies. The Strategic Values of the Afghan Model”,
International Security, 30 (3) (Winter 2005-06), 124-160.
Coker, Christopher, The Future of War (Oxford: Blackwell, 2004).
Colin Gray, Another Bloody Century (London; Weidnfeld & Nicholson, 2005), 98 -130.
Stephen D. Biddle, “Allies, Airpower, and Modern Warfare. The Afghan Model in
Afghanistan and Iraq”, International Security, 30 (3) (Winter 2005-06), 161-176.
Cohen, Eliot, A, ‘Change and Transformation in Military Affairs’, The Journal of Strategic
Studies, Vol, 27, No. 3, (2003).
Gray, Colin, S, Strategy For Chaos: Revolutions in Military Affairs and the Evidence of
History (London: Frank Cass, 2002).
Donald H. Rumsfeld, “Transforming the Military,” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 81, N°. 3 (May-June
2002), 20-32.
Clifford J. Rogers, ed., The Military Revolution Debate. Readings on the Military
Transformation of Early Modern Europe (Boulder: Westview Press, 1995)
Echevarria II, Antulio, J, ‘War and Politics: The Revolution in Military Affairs and the
Continued Relevance of Clausewitz’, Joint Forces Quarterly (Winter, 1995), 76-82.
William H. McNeill, The Pursuit of Power. Technology, Armed Force, and Society since A.
D. 1000 (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1982)
Steven Metz, ‘A Wake for Clausewitz: Toward a Philosophy of 21st Century Warfare’
Parameters, (Winter, 1994-1995).
Week 4. The Changing Nature of War: Old Wars, New Wars, or Risk Wars?
Explores the key debates regarding the changing character (and possibly nature) of war in the PostCold War era.
Tutorial questions: What is new about new wars? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the new
war – and risk war – arguments?
Martin Van Creveld, The Transformation of War. New York: The Free Press, 1991, ix-x, 3349, 49-62.
Mary Kaldor, New & Old Wars (1st. ed. 1999). London: Polity, 2006, vii-xi, 1-14, 150-177.
Herfried Münkler, The New Wars (1st. ed. 2002). London: Polity, 2005, 1-4, 5-31, 32-50.
9
Mikkel Vedby Rasmussen, The Risk Society at War: Terror, Technology and Strategy in the
Twenty-First Century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006), 1-11, 12-42.
Colin M. Fleming, ‘Old or New Wars? Debating a Clausewitzian Future’, The Journal of
Strategic Studies, Vol 32, No. 2 (April, 2009), 213-241.
Recommended Readings
Edward Newman, “The “New Wars” Debate: A Historical Perspective is Needed,” Security
Dialogue, Vol. 35, N°. 2, (2004), 173-189.
Christopher Coker, War in an Age of Risk (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2009), 1-27, 62-102
Colin Gray, Another Bloody Century (London; Weidnfeld & Nicholson, 2005), Smith, Rupert,
The Utility Of Force, The Art Of War In The Modern World (London, Penguin Group,
2005), chapter 4
Smith, Rupert, The Utility Of Force, The Art Of War In The Modern World (London, Penguin
Group, 2005).
Stathis N Kalyvas, ‘“New” And “Old” Civil Wars: A Valid Distinction? World Politics, 54: 1
(October, 2001), 99-118.
M Berdal, ‘How New are the New Wars? Global Economic Change and the Study of Civil
War’, Global Governance, 9(4), 2003
Christopher Daase, ‘Clausewitz and Small Wars’, in Hew Strachan and Andreas HerbergRothe (ed.), Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century (Oxford: Oxford University
Press), 183-195.
Kinross, Stuart, ‘Clausewitz and Low-Intensity Conflict’, The Journal of Strategic Studies,
Vol, 27, No. 1, (March, 2004), 35-58.
Martin Shaw, The New Western Way of War (London: Polity Press, 2005).
Lacina, Bethany, ‘Civil Conflict after the Cold War’, Security Dialogue, 35: 2, (2004), 191205.
Jeremy Black, War in the New Century (London: Continuum International Publishing Group,
2001).
Paul Collier, ‘Doing Well out of War: An Economic Perspective’, in Mats Berdal and David,
M Malone, Greed and Grievance: Economic Agendas in Civil Wars (Boulder: Lynne
Rienner Publisher, 2000), 91-112.
Keen, David, ‘The Economic Functions of Violence in Civil Wars’, Adelphi Paper, 320,
(London: International Institute of Strategic Studies.1998)
10
Week 5. The Clausewitzian model today: A Theory for Modern War?
After exploring modern alternatives to traditional approaches, week 5 critically examines the
continued validity of the Clausewitzian model. Positioned as obsolete by the new war and RMA
debates, the lecture and seminar examine the Clausewitzian Trinity as a modern strategic tool. In
particular it introduces students to the interactivity of the concept, providing an alternative model for
strategic thought.
Tutorial questions: Why is the Clausewitzian Trinity a valid model of war today?
Carl Von Clausewitz, On War, transl by Michael Howard and Peter Paret. (Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 1984), Chapter 1, book 1 & book 8
Christopher Bassford, ‘Tip-Toe Through the Trinity, or The strange persistence of trinitarian
warfare, www.Clausewitz.com/CWZHOME/TRINITY/TRINITY8.htm, (2007) Or
Christopher Bassford, ‘The Primacy of Policy and the ‘Trinity’ in Clausewitz’s Mature
Thought’, in Hew Strachan & Andreas Herberg-Rothe (ed), Clausewitz in the TwentyFirst Century (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007) , 74-90
Antulio J. Echevarria, Clausewitz and Contemporary War (Oxford: Oxford University Press,
2007), 61-83.
Andreas Herberg-Rothe, Clausewitz’s Puzzle (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), 91102.
Strachan Hew, ‘Clausewitz and the Dialectics of War’, in Hew Strachan and Andreas
Herberg-Rothe (ed.), Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century (2007), 38-39.
Alan Beyerchen, D, ‘Clausewitz, ‘Nonlinearity and the Unpredictability of War’,
International Security, 17: 3 (1992), 59-90.
Bernard Brodie, ‘The Continuing Relevance of On War’, in Clausewitz, On War,(1882)
Michael Howard and Peter Paret (N.J; Princeton University Press, 1984), 50-65.
Recommended Readings
Peter Paret, ‘The Genesis of On War’, in Clausewitz, On War,(1882) Michael Howard and
Peter Paret (N.J; Princeton University Press, 1984), 2-28.
Strachan, Hew, Clausewitz’s On War (Atlantic Monthly Press, 2006b).
Smith, Hugh, On Clausewitz: A Study of Military and Political Ideas (Basingstoke: Palgrave
MacMillan, 2004).
Peter Paret, Clausewitz and the State. The Man, his Theories, and his Times (1st. ed. 1976).
Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985.
Christopher Bassford & Edward J, Villacres, ‘Reclaiming The Clausewitzian Trinity’,
Parameters (Autumn, 1995), 9-20. (available in the ‘readings’ section of the
Clausewitz website – www.Clausewitz.com)
11
Colin M. Fleming, ‘Old or New Wars? Debating a Clausewitzian Future’, The Journal of
Strategic Studies, Vol 32, No. 2 (April, 2009), 213-241.
Martin van Creveld, The Transformation of War (New York: The Free Press, 1991), 49-62.
Holmes, Terrence, M, ‘Planning versus Chaos in Clausewitz’s On War’, The Journal of
Strategic Studies, Vol. 30, No. 1, (February, 2007), 129-151.
Jan Willem Honig, ‘Interpreting Clausewitz’, Security Studies, Vol 3, No. 3 (Spring, 1994),
Herberg-Rothe, Andreas, ‘Primacy of Politics or Culture in a Modern World? Clausewitz
Needs a Sophisticated Interpretation’, Defense Analysis, 2 (August, 2001).
Christopher Daase, ‘Clausewitz and Small Wars’, in Hew Strachan and Andreas HerbergRothe (ed.), Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century (Oxford: Oxford University
Press), 183-195.
Gow, James, ‘The New Clausewitz? War, Force, Art and Utility – Rupert Smith on 21st
Century Strategy, Operations and Tactics in a Comprehensive Context’, The Journal
of Strategic Studies, Vol. 29, No. 6, (December, 2006), 1151-1170
Kinross, Stuart, ‘Clausewitz and Low-Intensity Conflict’, The Journal of Strategic Studies,
Vol, 27, No. 1, (March, 2004), 35-58.
Betts, Richard, K, ‘Is Strategy an Illusion?’, International Security, Vol, 25, No, 2 (Fall,
2000), 5-55.
Michael I. Handel, ed., Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986 (reprint
2004).
Websites: www.Clausewitz.com Everything you every need to know about Clausewitz, with a
comprehensive readings list which ranges from historical accounts on strategic thought
to recent arguments regarding Clausewitz place in 21st Century strategic studies
Week 6. Innovative Learning Week
No Classes this week
Week 7. Asymmetric (irregular) War
Set against the new war and RMA debates, week 7 introduces the concept of irregular war. Students
are expected to draw on the experience of the course and critically engage with the notion of change
and continuity. The lecture places asymmetry in historical context, and uses case study analysis to
further explore the topic.
Tutorial questions: Explain the increased use of irregular war. How do weaker powers overcome more
powerful opponents?
Colin S. Gray, Another Bloody Century (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2005), Chapters 5
&6
12
T. V. Paul, Asymetric Conflicts: War Initiation by Weaker Powers (Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1994), 3-40
Rod Thornton, Asymmetric Warfare (Polity Press, Cambridge, 2007), 1-25
Lawrence Freedman, ‘The Transformation of Strategic Affairs’, Adelphi Paper, Issue, 37 9,
(Oxford University Press, 2006).
Recommended Reading:
Lawrence Freedman, ‘The Transformation of Strategic Affairs’, Adelphi Paper, Issue, 37 9,
(Oxford University Press, 2006).
Ivan Arréguin-Toft, ‘How the Weak Win Wars: A Theory of Asymmetric Conflict’,
International Security, Vol, 26 No. 1, (Summer 2001), 93-128.
Andrew Mack, ‘Why Big Nations Lose Small Wars: The Politics of Asymmetric Conflict’,
World Politics, Vol, 27 No. 2, (January, 1975), 175-200.
Mao Tse-tung, on Guerrilla Warfare, translated by Brig.-Gen. Samuel B Griffith (1961),
(Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2000). (Very strongly recommended)
Ahmed S. Hashim, Insurgency and Counter-Insurgency in Iraq. Ithaca, NY: Cornell
University Press, 2006, skim 125-170, 188-213.
Week 8. Counterinsurgency (Claire Duncanson)
Week 8 examines the theory and practice in COIN, and focuses in particular on the British Army’s
experience in Iraq and Afghanistan. We will consider the extent to which these COIN operations offer
new challenges to the British military. We will also discuss the relationship between COIN and
statebuilding, the security-development nexus, and neo-imperialism.
M. J. Williams (2011). "Empire Lite Revisited: NATO, the Comprehensive Approach and
State-building in Afghanistan." International Peacekeeping Vol 18, No. 1, (2011), 6478.
Duffield, Mark, Global Governance and the New Wars: The Merging of Development and
Security (Zed Books, 2001) [ebook], espcially Chapter 2: the Merging of Development
and Security
Paris and Sisk (2007) The Dilemmas of Statebuilding, (Routledge, 2007), especially the
Introduction
Recommended Readings
Paris and Sisk (2007) The Dilemmas of Statebuilding, (Routledge, 2007), especially the
Introduction
13
Spear, Joanna, ‘Counter-insurgency’ in Paul Williams, ed., Security Studies: An Introduction
(Routledge, 2008).
David Betz & Anthony Cormack, 'Iraq, Afghanistan and British Strategy', Orbis (Spring
2009), 319-336
P. Dixon, 'Hearts and Minds'? British Counter-Insurgency from Malaya to Iraq. Journal of
Strategic Studies, Vol 32, no. 3 (2009a), 353-381.
Roberts, Adam 'Doctrine and Reality in Afghanistan' Survival, 51: 1 (2009), 29-118. [and the
other articles in this special issue: The Struggle for Afghanistan']
S. Griffin, "Iraq, Afghanistan and the future of British Military Doctrine: from
counterinsurgency to Stabilization." International Affairs, Vol 87, No. 2 (2011), 317333.
David Kilcullen, ‘Counter-insurgency Redux’, Survival, 48:4 (2006), 111 – 130
R, Egnell, "Lessons from Helmand, Afghanistan: what now for British counterinsurgency?"
International Affairs Vol, 87, No. 2 (2011), 207-315.
Fitzsimmons, M, "Hard Hearts and Open Minds? Governance, Identity and the Intellectual
Foundations of Counterinsurgency Strategy." The Journal of Strategic Studies, Vol,
31, No. 3 (2008), 337-365.
J Gilmore, "A kinder, gentler counter-terrorism: Counter-insurgency, human security and the
War on Terror." Security Dialogue, Vol 42, No.1 (2011), 21-37.
Mark Duffield, “The Liberal Way of Development and the Development-Security Impasse:
Exploring the Global Life-Chance Divide” Security Dialogue 41:1 (2010), 53-76
Mark Duffield & VM Hewitt (Eds.). Development and Colonialism: The Past in the Present,
(James Currey, 2009).
Mark Duffield, Development, security and unending war: governing the world of peoples
(Polity, 2007).
Jones,
Seth, Counterinsurgency in Afghanistan (RAND,
http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG595.html
2008).
Chapter
2.
Kilcullen, David, The accidental guerrilla: fighting small wars in the midst of a big one
(Oxford University Press, 2009).
Denney, Lisa, 'Reducing poverty with teargas and batons: The security-development nexus in
Sierra Leone', African Affairs, 110, 439 (2011), 275-294.
RAND COIN publications at http://www.rand.org/hot_topics/counterinsurgency/
Week 9. War and the Media
14
Week 9 examines the role of media in war. It introduces key concepts attached to the recent use of
media in the 21st Century; most notably the claims that war has become ‘mediatized’ to an extent that
media is a key weapon in modern conflict.
Tutorial question: What is the mediatisation of War, and why is it important?
Simon Cottle, Mediatized Conflict (Maidenhead: Open University Press, 2006), chapters 1 &
5
Andrew Hoskins & Ben O’Loughlin, War And Media: The Emergence of Diffused War
(Cambridge: CUP, 2010), chapters 1 & 4
Andrew Hoskins, Televising War: From Vietnam to Iraq (London: Continuum, 2004), 1-9,
45-76
Piers Robinson, The CNN Effect: the Myth of news foreign policy and Intervention (London:
Routledge, 2002), chapters 1 & 3
Milena Michalski & James Gow, War, Image and Legitimacy: Viewing Contemporary
Conflict (Routledge: London, 2007), chapter 1 & 5
Recommended Readings:
David Welch, ‘Winning Hearts and Minds: The Changing Context of Reportage and
Propaganda, 1990 – 2003’, in Mark Connelly & David Welch (ed.) War and the
media: reportage and propaganda 1900 -2003 (London: I. B. Tauris, 2005), xi
Philip Seib, The Al-jazeera Effect: How the New Global Media are Reshaping War
(Basingstoke; Palgrave, 2008).
Susan Carruthers, ‘Missing in Autheticity? Media War in the Digital Age’, in Mark Connelly
& David Welch (ed.) War and the media: reportage and propaganda 1900 -2003 (London: I.
B. Tauris, 2005), 236 - 250
Sarah Maltby, ‘Communicating War: Strategies and Implications’, in Sarah Maltby &
Richard Keeble (ed.) Communicating War: Memory, Media and Military ((Bury st
Edmonds: Arima Publishing, 2007), 1-17
Marvin Kalb and Carol Saivetz, ‘The Israeli-Hezbollah War of 2006: The Media as a Weapon
in Asymmetric Conflict, The Harvard International Journal of Press/politics (2007),
43-66
E. Gilboa, ‘The CNN Effect: The Search for a Communication Theory of International
Relations’, Political Communication, Vol 22 (2005), 27-44
David Culbert, ‘American Television Coverage of the Vietnam War: The Loan Execution
Footage, the Tet Offensive (1968) and the Contetualization of Visual’, in Mark
Connelly & David Welch (ed.) War and the media: reportage and propaganda 1900 2003 (London: I. B. Tauris, 2005), 204 - 213
Richard Keeble, ‘The Necessary Spectacular ‘Victories’: New Militarism, the Mainstream
Media and the Manufacture of the Two Gulf Conflicts 1991 and 2003’, in Sarah
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Maltby & Richard Keeble (ed.) Communicating War: Memory, Media and Military
((Bury st Edmonds: Arima Publishing, 2007), 200-212
James Der Darian, Virtuous War: Mapping The Military industrial-media-entertainment
Network (Boulder: Westview Press ) Chapters 6-12
Steve Tatham, Losing Arab Hearts and Minds: The Coalition, Al Jazeera and Muslim Public
Opinion (Hurst and Co; London, 2006), chapters 5 & 6
Kenneth Payne, ‘The Media as an Instrument of War’, Parameters (Spring 2005), 81-93
Susan Carruthers, The Media at War: Communication and conflict in the Twentieth Century
(Basingstoke: Macmillan, 2000)
Week 10. Master Class on Private Military and Security Companies with Andrew
Kain (CEO of AKE)
Andrew Kain is CEO of the international security and risk mitigation company, AKE Ltd.
After serving six years in the Parachute Regiment, Andrew spent 11 years in the Special Air Service
(SAS), during which he served throughout the world. His active service experience includes taking
part in the classic Special Forces raid on Pebble Island during the Falklands campaign. As an
instructor in the SAS, he worked with other government and international law enforcement agencies,
and developed specialist counter-terrorist techniques that are still in use today.
After leaving the SAS, in 1991 Andrew founded AKE Ltd to provide specialist risk services based on
SAS principles. In 1993 he designed and delivered the first commercial safety course to prepare
journalists for operating in war zones.
Andrew is the author of the SAS Security Handbook, published in 1996, and he has received a
testimonial from The Royal Humane Society for saving life. Because of his skills, extensive
experience, and innovative approach to risk he is in regular international demand as a speaker and
advisor to professional groups working in conflict regions.
In this (Practitioners) Master Class Andrew will talk about Private Military and Security Companies
and their diversity of roles in modern conflict and business
Further details on AKE can be found at their website: www.akegroup.com
Suggested Readings: TBC
Week 11. Future War?
Week 11 assesses the theme of change and continuity in contemporary war.
Tutorial question: Will future war mirror the past?
Colin S. Gray, Another Bloody Century (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2005),
Conclusion, 370-397
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Tarak Barkawi & Shane Brighton, ‘Conclusion: Absent War Studies? War, Knowledge, and
Critque’, in Hew Strachan and Sibylle Scheipers (ed.) The Changing Character of
War (OUP 2011)
Columba Peoples, ‘Strategic Studies and its Critics’, in John Balyis, James J Wirtz, Colin S
Gray (ed.) Strategy in the Contemporary World; an introduction to Strategic Studies,
3rd Edition (Oxford, OUP, 2010), 354-371
Lawrence Freedman, ‘Does Strategic Studies have a Future?’, in John Balyis, James J Wirtz,
Colin S Gray (ed.) Strategy in the Contemporary World; an introduction to Strategic
Studies, 3rd Edition (Oxford, OUP, 2010), 391-409
Michael C Horowitz & Dan A Shalmon, ‘The Future of War and American Military
Strategy’, Orbis, Vol, 53, No. 2 (2009), 300-318
H. R. McMaster, ‘Learning from Contemporary Conflicts to Prepare for Future War’, Orbis,
Vol 52, No. 4 (2008), 564-584
Macgregor Knox, ‘Thinking War – History Lite?’ Journal of Strategic Studies, Vol 34, No. 4
(2011), 489-500
Thomas G. Mahnken, ‘The Evolution of Strategy... But what about Policy?’ Journal of
Strategic Studies, Vol 34, No. 4 (2011), 483-487
Hew Strachan, ‘Strategy in the Twenty-first Century’, in Hew Strachan and Sibylle Scheipers
(ed.) The Changing Character of War (OUP 2011)
Week 12. Reading Week
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