Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Study Guide
The Causes of the Scientific Revolution
The Middle Ages
The Renaissance
The Age of Exploration
The Main Theories and Thinkers of the Scientific Revolution
Natural Philosophy
Speculation
Aristotle’s View of the Universe
Nicolaus Copernicus
Tycho Brahe
Johannes Kepler
Galileo Galilei
Law of Inertia
Law of Universal Gravitation
Isaac Newton
Deductive Vs. Inductive
Francis Bacon
René Descartes
Dualism
Empiricism
Inductive Reasoning
Deductive Reasoning
Inspiration
Anti-Religion
The Enlightenment
Reason
Social Science
Progress
Idea of Truth
Pierre Bayle
John Locke
Montesquieu
Voltaire
Immanuel Kant
Jean-Jaque Rosseau
The Political Effects of the Enlightenment
Enlightened Absolutism
Frederick the Great
Seven Years War
Frederick’s Social and Political Change
Frederick’s Downfalls
Maria Theresa
Joseph II
Catherine the Great
Catherine’s Change
Effects of the Serf Rebellion
The Enlightenment and the French Revolution
Ancien Regime
The First Estate
The Second Estate
The Third Estate
Philosophes
The Nobility of the Sword
The Nobility of the Robe
The French Revolution
Louis Capet/Louis XVI
Marie Antoinette
Maximilien Robespierre
Estates General
Tennis Court Oath
Bastille
Jean Paul Marat
The Guillotine
The Fearsome Fish Ladies
Georges Danton
September Massacre
Reign of Terror
Jacque Rene Herbert
The Great Terror
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The Big Ideas
Understand how the Middle Ages, Renaissance, and the Age of Exploration affected
Scientific Revolution, which in turn affected the Enlightenment, which in turn
affected the French Revolution
Understand how the foundations of science today (reasoning, observation, research,
method) were created during the Scientific Revolution
Look at the main theories of the Enlightenment (reason, progress, happiness, equality,
liberty, social science) and understand their implications for the future
See how rulers accepted the ideas of the Enlightenment and started changing their
land for the better
Understand the causes, events, and implications of the French Revolution