Mid1 Topics
CH1 - Introduction
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DS definition
Goals of Distributed Systems with examples
Difficulties with DS
Transparency in a Distributed System with examples
What is scalability
Scaling techniques with examples
False assumptions made by first time developer of DS
Types of Distributed Systems
Distributed Pervasive Systems, types & examples
CH2 - Architecture
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Architectural Style, for DS
Software architecture (Centralized & decentralized)
client-server model, Application Layering
The user-interface level, The processing level, The data level
Multitiered Architectures: Two-tiered & Three-tiered
Decentralized Architectures: Vertical distribution & Horizontal distribution
peer-to-peer systems: Structured & Unstructured, Superpeers
Hybrid Architectures
Collaborative Distributed Systems: e.g. BitTorren, e,g, Globule
SELF-MANAGEMENT IN DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS: feedback control loops
Example: Systems Monitoring with Astrolabe
Ch3 – Processes
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A process
Threads - multithreading
Benefits of multithreading
two approaches to implement a thread package, advantages & disadvantages of each
lightweight processes (LWP)
Multithreaded Clients
Multithreaded Servers
VIRTUALIZATION
Client-Side Software for Distribution Transparency
A server is
ways to organize servers: iterative, concurrent, multithreaded
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where clients contact a server?
Stateless & stateful server
Server Clusters: how to implement Access transparency, scalability and availability
TCP handoff
How to solve problems with Server Clusters: idle & overload
Managing Server Clusters
Reasons for CODE MIGRATION
How to implement CODE MIGRATION
a process consists of three segments: how to handle each segment in code migration
how to handle problems with code migration
Weak Mobility & strong mobility
process-to-resource bindings with examples
resource-to-machine bindings with examples
Ch4 - Communication
- Interprocess communication
- OSI model, the function of each layer, protocols implemented by each layer
- Middleware
- Types of Communication: discrete & Streaming communication with examples
- Persistent
- Transient
- Synchronous
- Asynchronous
- REMOTE PROCEDURE CALL (RPC)
- Client and Server Stubs
- Parameter Passing: by value & by reference: difference & examples
- Parameter Specification and Stub Generation
- message format, encoding rules & actual exchange of messages examples
- Asynchronous RPC
- Distributed Computing Environment(DCE)
- MESSAGE-ORIENTED COMMUNICATION: when to implement
- Berkeley Sockets
- Message-Passing Interface (MPI)
- message-queuing systems, or Message-Oriented Middleware (MOM).
- Message Brokers
- STREAM-ORIENTED COMMUNICATION: Discrete or Continuous Media
- Data Stream: simple or complex with examples
- Stream Synchronization
- MULTICAST COMMUNICATION