Chemical equilibrium
LEC 03
03.04 Boiling point diagram of a binary mixture
What you can learn about
Fundamentals of distillation
Equilibrium diagram
Chemical potential
Raoult’s law
Principle and tasks
A boiling point diagram shows the
boiling points of a binary mixture as
a function of the vapour/liquid equilibrium of the mixture at constant
pressure.
The boiling points of various mixtures of methanol and chloroform
are measured and the composition of
the liquid phases are determined
using refractometry and a calibration
curve.
What you need:
Abbe refractometer
Temperature meter, digital, 4-2
Temperature probe, immersion type, Pt100
Protective sleeve for immersion probe
Heating hood, 100 ml
Clamp for heating mantle
Power regulator
Immersion thermostat, 100°C
Accessory set for immersion thermostat
Bath for thermostat, 6 l, Makrolon
Retort stand, h = 750 mm
Right angle clamp
Universal clamp
Burette clamp, roller mounting
Round bottom flask, 100 ml, 2-neck, IGJ 19/26
Dimroth cooler, IGJ 19/26
Column head, IGJ 19
Stopper, IGJ 19/26, glass, clear
Clamp for ground joint, plastic, IGJ 19
Teflon collar, IGJ 19
Rubber tubing, d i = 6 mm
Hose clip, d = 8…12 mm
Burette, 50 ml, lateral stopcock, Schellbach lines
Erlenmeyer flask, 100 ml, narrow neck
Rubber stopper, 24/30 mm
Glass beaker, 100 ml, tall
Pasteur pipettes
Rubber bulbs
Funnel, glass, do = 55 mm
Beads, 200 g
Water jet pump
Laboratory pencil, waterproof
Methanol, 500 ml
Chloroform, pure, 250 ml
Glycerine, 250 ml
Boiling point diagram of a binary mixture
42 Laboratory Experiments Chemistry
35912.00 1
13617.93 1
11759.01 2
11762.05 1
47549.93 1
47557.01 1
32247.93 1
46994.93 1
46994.02 1
08487.02 1
37694.00 2
37697.00 2
37715.00 2
37720.00 1
35842.05 2
35816.05 1
35919.01 1
41252.10 1
43614.00 3
43616.00 1
39282.00 5
40996.01 10
36513.01 2
36118.00 11
39256.00 11
36002.00 2
36590.00 1
39275.03 1
34457.00 1
36937.20 1
02728.00 1
38711.00 1
30142.50 1
48045.25 1
30084.25 1
P3030401
Index of refraction as a function of substance concentration in methanol/
chloroform mixtures.
Boiling point diagram of the methanol/chloroform system.
PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · D - 37070 Göttingen