Environmental
Architecture
Wilkes Honors College
Tina Perry, Andrea Gagaoudakis, &
Austin Boyle
Overview
 What/who
 Case
 Roof
defines Green Buildings?
Studies
Top Gardens
The Problem
 Buildings
account 60% of the raw
materials used in the U.S., and 40% of
non-industrial solid waste
 Previous
construction contained
carcinogens such as formaldehyde
Green Buildings
 The
U.S. Green Building Council
– “Working to promote buildings that are
environmentally responsible, profitable,
and healthy places to live and work.”
 The
LEED Project
– Leadership in Energy and Environmental
Design
Mission of LEEDTM
 LEED™
encourages and accelerates
global adoption of sustainable green
building and development practices
through the creation and
implementation of universally
understood and accepted standards,
tools and performance criteria.
LEED Green Building
Rating System®

New commercial construction and major renovation
projects (LEED-NC)

Existing building operations (LEED-EB)

Commercial interiors projects (LEED-CI)

Core and shell projects (LEED-CS)

Homes (LEED-H)

Neighborhood Development (LEED-ND)
Why LEED was created

define "green building" by establishing a common
standard of measurement

promote integrated, whole-building design practices

recognize environmental leadership in the building
industry

stimulate green competition

raise consumer awareness of green building benefits

transform the building market
Main Goals
 state
of the art strategies for sustainable
site development
 water
savings
 energy
efficiency
 materials
 indoor
selection
environmental quality
What are green building
materials and products?
 Nontoxic
 Recycled
content
 Resource
efficient
 Long
life cycle
 Environmentally
conscious
Basic Examples
 Cellulose
insulation instead of
fiberglass insulation (carcinogen)
 Carpeting
 Paints
Construction Materials
 Salvaged
 Steel
Wood
Beams
– 70% recycled content
– Will not rot or be consumed by termites
– Has thermal breaks that allow less heat
loss than wood
– Will not off-gas
– Can be reused
LEED Rating Factors
Sustainable Sites
Water Efficiency (5 pts)
Energy and Atmosphere (17 pts)
Materials and Resources
Indoor Environmental Quality (15 pts)
Bonus Credits for Process and Design
Innovation
39 pts = gold, 52 pts = platinum







–
A “gold” building is estimated to reduce its
environmental impact by 50% and a “platinum”
building by 70%, compared with equivalent
conventional buildings.
Florida House Learning Center
Sarasota, FL
picture
courtesy of:
http://snre.uf
l.edu/newsle
tters/Spring2
001/floridah
ouse.htm
model home and landscape demonstrating sustainable development for a greener
Florida featuring readily available environmentally friendly materials and methods
uses energy efficiency, water conservation, recycling, "least
toxic" building materials
 reduced use of pesticides, fertilizers
use of wildlife gardening, water gardening, edible landscaping,
xeriscaping, micro-irrigation, and composting.


bamboo flooring


edible landscaping
pictures courtesy of: http://sarasota.extension.ufl.edu/FHLC/Gallery.htm
kitchen
Geni-G: “The Greenest
Home in Florida”
Generation Green (Geni-G)
model in Evergrene community
in Palm Beach Gardens


completed in Sept. 2003
more
than $75,000 in energysaving options
use
of xeriscaping
Evergene, is being built to Audubon International’s principles of
sustainability, and every home is designed in accordance with
green building principles.
pictures courtesy of:
http://wci.wcicommunities.com/default.asp?siteID=1000&pageID=custom&fname=GB%20Geni-G&vid=1000
pictures courtesy of:
http://wci.wcicommunities.com/
default.asp?siteID=1000&pageI
D=custom&fname=GB%20Casa
%20Verde&vid=1000
Casa Verde, Venetian Golf & River Club

entire community of environmentally friendly homes
green certification for exceeding the requirements for
Florida Green Building Coalition (FGBC) certification

certification
from the University of Florida’s Florida Yards
and Neighborhoods Program (FYN)
the models also received certification from the EPA as
Energy Star Homes and from FPL’s BuildSmart energy
efficiency program.

Smart Wise Homes,
Port St. Lucie
20 River Terrace/ The
Solaire, NY – “gold”





residential tower
designed consume 35% less energy, reduce
electricity demand by 65%, require 50% less
potable water
solar panels, common areas with occupancy
and daylight sensors
water treatment, green roof and rooftop
garden
more than 93% construction waste for project
recycled
pictures courtesy of:
http://leedcasestudies.usgbc.org/over
view.cfm?ProjectID=273
Santa Monica Office National
Resources Defense Council
(NRDC) – “platinum”




series of multi-level atria with
rooftop monitors that diffuse
sunlight and fresh air throughout
the building
bicycle racks, showers, and
changing rooms encourage
employees and visitors to bike,
walk, or jog to the building.
uses far less energy – provided by
solar cells and wind power
uses recycled water
picture courtesy of:
http://leedcasestudies.usgbc.org/overview.cfm?ProjectID=236
Federal Reserve Bank, MN

high performer lighting, heating, and
cooling
pictures courtesy of: http://www.architectureweek.com/cgibin/supporting_architectureweek.cgi?dir=2000/0830&article=building_1-1.html&image=11115_image_2.jpg
Marin County Jail
San Rafael, California
embedded
Justice wing
into the hillside at the end of the Hall of
jail
completed in 1994; 110,000 square-feet; 222 cells
(363 beds) as well as common areas
building
as much as 60 feet below hill’s surface
picture courtesy of:
http://www.subsurfacebuildings.com/Diggingforthe
Green.html
Offices of Brown & Jones
Architects, NC




recycled carpet, desks, interior partitions
cistern
porous pavement
green roof
pictures courtesy of:
http://www.ncgreenbui
lding.org/site/ncg/publ
ic/show_project.cfm?p
roject_id=66
Happy Feet Plus, Clearwater
"Gold Certification" LEED Rating
 cistern to collect rain
 xeriscaping
 crushed shell parking lot
 solar panels

picture courtesy of: http://www.happyfeet.com/
Florida Gulf Coast University
Green Building Project


introduces and teaches the key concepts of green
building
exhibits educational interactive displays showing
easily implementable solutions
pictures courtesy of: http://www.fgcu.edu/greenbuilding/
Rooftop Gardens
Barcelona, Spain
BENEFITS
A rooftop garden can...
Increase space available for urban food production
Increase access to outdoor green space and recreation
Improve urban aesthetics
Improve air quality by filtering particulate matter
Improve water quality through storm water retention and filtration
Reduce Urban Heat Island Effect by absorbing
UV radiation and cooling the air
Increase habitat for birds and insects
Biodiversity preservation
Conserve energy by insulating buildings
Buffer sound
Increase the life of roofing membrane
Increase property value
Add amenity space
Urban Heat Island Effect (Albedo
Effect)
Causes:
•Removal of vegetation reduces natural cooling sources (evaporation of water)
•“Tall buildings and narrow streets can heat air trapped between them and reduce
air flow”
•Heat from cars, factories, and air conditioners
•Dark colored, paved or concrete materials absorb heat during day and radiate it at
night
Blazing the Trail
Chicago City Hall, the first rooftop garden on a municipal building in the United States°.
Urban, Suburban,
Commercial
Phillips Eco-Enterprise Center
Garage
Airport
Online Sources






https://www.usgbc.org/
http://www.greenguide.com/
http://www.greenbiz.com/sites/greenerbuildings/index.cfm
http://www.octapod.org/adam/mt/archives/000841.html
http://www.greeninstitute.org/GSP/programs/stormwater/roofto
p.html
http://www.greeninstitute.org/GSP/Meetevnt/directors%20repo
rts/dr%2004.06/grslide07.html

http://www.daveshows.com/landscaping_design/samples/airport_
garden.htm

http://www.lifecyclesproject.ca/learningresources/rooftop/bene
fits.htm
http://www.epa.gov/heatisland/about/index.html
