THE RIZALMERCADO
FAMILY TREE
Languages of Jose
Rizal
Jose Rizal traveled in many countries
in Europe and other parts of the
world. He knew a lot of dialects and
languages like:
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Russian
Portuguese
Swedish
Chinese
Italian
Japanese
Catalan
Dutch
Hebrew
Sanskrit
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Malay
Arabic
German
French
English
Greek
Spanish
Latin
And some of our local dialects like:
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Tagalog
Subanon
Ilokano
Bisayan
Jose Rizal and his
good friend,
Ferdinand
Blumentritt, shared
a passion for the
study of languages.
They exchanged
reference books as
well as connections
with other scholars
who could help the
other with his work
in research and
translation. In
their letters, they
discussed the
meanings and uses
of word like
“headhunter”,
“katalonan”,”bathal
a”,”filibustero”
and many others.
Blumentritt wrote a
book on Tagalog
vocabulary, while
Rizal translated
Friedrich von
Schiller’s plays,
as well as
scholarly works
(including some of
Blumentritt’s),
into Tagalog.
Blumentritt was
also believed to
have translated
Rizal’s Noli Me
Tángere into
German, although a
copy of the work is
yet to be found.
In his letters to
Blumentritt, Rizal
also wrote about
the advantages of
knowing other
languages. He
talked about his
travels, where he
spoke French,
German, Italian,
and English with
his fellow boat
passengers. “I
speak with
everybody and at
times I serve them
as interpreter,”
wrote Rizal.
Knowing at least 22
languages, Rizal
was a cosmopolitan
of his time, and
Blumentritt wrote
that Rizal “can
become for your
people one of those
great men who will
exert a definite
influence on their
spiritual
development.”
Source:
http://www.filipina
slibrary.org.ph/fil
ipinianalibrary/filipiniana
/70-features/212rizal-a
J.P. Rizals Fashion Taste
JP’s time was the year of liberalism and modernization, especially in other countries
particularly in European and western colonies. Our JP Rizal had toured in many
places in these counties, such as, Spain, Italy, France, Germany, Switzerland, etc. And
as expected, people who visited these places had adapted such cultures and
particularly their fashion
sense.
JP usually
that was a
wore coat
colored
signature
hat. It also
culture
country
invasion.
In this
black coat
shaped
necked
bowed tie.
another
example in
jacket and a black hat and leathered shoes.
wore an American suit
trend in the 1800’s. He
over plain light or pastel
long sleeves and
accessorize it with a
tie, bow tie or scarf and
it reflects the western
that influenced our
because of the Spaniards
picture JP is wearing a
with a double triangle
collar over a plain turtle
long sleeves with a big
Occasionally he wears
layer of jacket like for
this picture a leathered
Do you know that we can also grab an inspiration from his fashion?
For girls, we can wear a blazer or cardigan with a signature style collar from his style
of wearing coats. Especially now the trend is blazers/ cardigans above a very sheer or
pastel sleeveless or shirt. We can also experiment by wearing a JP Rizal inspired hat,
like what the model is wearing in the picture. Accessorize and viola, you’re a modern
JP Rizal.
RIZAL: GAY?
Jose Rizal, our nation's
hero, is a man of dignity
and principles. But wait, a
"man?" We all know Rizal
had a lot of women in his
life where most of them fell
truly, deeply and madly in
love with him. Rizal has
had nine girlfriends (or
lovers) in his life but none
of them ended up on the
altar with him. We were all
wondering what was
wrong with all these
beautiful women; or what
was wrong with our hero?
He had a relationship
Rizal got her pregnant and
she only had a
miscarriage. But was it
really Rizal? Sources say
that George Taufer,
Josephine's stepfather,
used to abuse her so it
could have been the
father. Rizal also had a
lover named Nelly
Nelly Boustead
Josephine Bracken
with a woman named
Josephine Bracken where
there was an issue that
Boustead whose parents
loved him for their
daughter. It came to a
point that Rizal would
come over to Nelly's house
and stay in her room and
her parents were
comfortable with it. The
only thing that was missing
in their relationship was
marriage. Nelly wanted to
marry Rizal but Rizal
refused because she was
a Protestant and he was a
Catholic. But we all know
that Rizal was anti-clerical
so this excuse raised our
eyebrows. We could tell
Rizal was anti-clerical
because of his two novels,
the "Noli Me Tangere" and
the "El Filibusterismo." In
these two novels you
could see how angry Rizal
was at the Spanish friars
and basically the Roman
Catholic Church for
making the Filipino's lives
miserable. But that is not
the only thing you would
notice about the novels. In
the novels, a love story
would always be present
and there is the love story
of Crisostomo Ibarra and
Maria Clara. Go through
their story and you
wouldn't find sex in it.
There was not a
discussion, not even a hint
about sex in their love
story. Maybe Rizal is just
really conservative but
why is that he still
managed to write about a
girl being raped by a friar?
Nobody knows for sure.
When Rizal was in
Barcelona, he often
accompanied Maximo
Viola, a friend of his, in
coffee shops and
"amusement centers." He
would write to Paciano, his
brother, about his
everyday life and
adventures while he was
away. He would tell
Paciano every little thing
down to the last detail. He
was known to have never
kept any secret from
Paciano so alot of us were
wondering, with all that he
told Paciano, how come
he never talked about
sex? We all thought about
Rizal being conservative
but he is still a man,
Paciano is also a man, it
would be normal for them
to talk about girls, drinking
and sex. But again, Rizal
never did mention
anything about his sexual
life, or if he even had a
sexual life. Rizal also
wrote to Blumentritt, a
Ferdinand Blumentritt
good friend of his, about
his daily life. Whenever he
would write letters to
Paciano, he would
address to him as
"Paciano" and ends the
letter with "Pepe"and with
almost all of the peopke he
wrote to, as simple as that.
But with Professor
Ferdinand Blumentritt, a
good friend of his, it was
always different. He would
address to him as "To my
beloved Blumentritt." Is it
not a bit intriguing? In
1996, Isagani Cruz wrote,
"Bakla Ba Si Rizal," talking
about Rizal's sexuality. A
lot of people doubt our
hero's sexuality. So, is our
national hero gay? You be
the one to judge.
RIZAL: A HEARTBREAKER?
Jose Rizal was known to
be a lover boy in his time.
To be exact, he had nine
ladies fall head over heels
in love with him but there
are only a few who
became significant in his
life. Love introduced itself
to Rizal when he was still
a young boy, not even a
teenager, a young boy. His
first love was Segunda
Katigbak. Now, this girl
for Pangasinan. After
some time, Rizal had
another girl named Leonor
Valenzuela and the next
one would be Leonor
Rivera. A lot of people
would say that Leonor
Rivera was Rizal's true
love but no one knew for
sure. Leonor Rivera was
Rizal's lover before he left
on May 3, 1882. He
boarded a Spanish ship
bound to Singapore. He
was on a secret mission
and only his siblings
Paciano, Neneng and
Lucia. His parents were
not aware, not even
Leonor. Leonor was very
making the decision to
wait for Rizal to come back
without assurance or just
move forward and go on
with her life. When he was
away, particularly in
Barcelona, he met a
woman named Consuelo
Ortiga. Now, this lady the
daughter of the mayor of
Manila at that time, Don
Pablo Ortiga. Rizal and
Consuelo Ortiga y Perez
Segunda Katigbak
lived near Rizal's house at
Calamba, Laguna. But
when he was just eight
years old, Rizal had to
leave Segunda for the first
time to study at Binan,
Laguna. After two years of
studying, Rizal finally
came back to Calamba to
see Segunda for the last
time for this time, Segunda
would be the one to leave
Leonor Rivera
heartbroken, she did not
know what was going on,
she wondering why Rizal
decided to leave and she
kept on thinking about
Ortiga fell in love with each
other but Rizal gave way
to his friend, Eduardo de
Lete, who also fell in love
with Consuelo, leaving
Consuelo heartbroken.
Rizal also went to visit
Berlin and met a lot of
German women to whom
he was very impressed
with. After 5 years of
wandering in different
foreign lands, Rizal
decided to go back home
to Calamba for many
reasons, one of which is to
fix his relationship with
Leonor Rivera. By the time
he got back to the
Philippines, the Noli Me
Tangere was already
published and a lot of
people have already read
it. Bcause of the contents
of the novel, Rizal's life
was put to danger and his
family and friends worried
for his safety so Governor
General Emilio Terrero
gave Rizal a bodyguard,
Liuetenant Jose Taviel de
Andrade who became
Rizal's bestfriend. But the
Governor General still
feared for Rizal's safety so
he told him that it would be
best for him to leave the
country and so he did. But
when he was still in the
Philippines, he was not
able to see Leonor Rivera.
Rizal went to Hong Kong,
passed by Macau and
finally arrived at Japan. In
Japan, he met another
O Sei San
woman named O Sei San,
who later became his lover
but decided to leave her
because he was still in
love with Leonor. He went
to the United States and
then to London. In London,
he stayed with Mr. and
Mrs. Beckett and made
Gertrude Beckett, their
was a Catholic and he
wanted to get married at a
Catholic church. After
Nelly, came Suzanne
Suzanne Jacoby
Gertrude Beckett
daughter, fall in love with
him. Of course, when he
left, he also left the heart
of Gertrude broken. After
Gertrude, Nelly Boustead
was the next one on the
list. Nelly was madly in
love with Rizal and Nelly's
family approved of their
relationship. Whenever
Rizal would come over to
Nelly's house, they would
stay in her room. Nelly
wanted to marry Rizal but
unfortunately it did not
work out because Nelly
was a Protestant and Rizal
Jacoby and after, came
Rizal's last love, Josephine
Bracken. Rizal and
Josephine first met at
Dapitan. Josephine came
all the way from Singapore
to Manila to find a cure for
her blind stepfather,
George Taufer. But they
did not find Rizal in Manila,
instead he was in Dapitan.
So Josephine and George
went to Dapitan to consult
Rizal. At first, Rizal was
very suspicious of
Josephine and her father
because they were
accompanied by Manuela
Orlac, a mistress of an
official in the Manila
Cathedral and thought that
Bracken was a Spanish
government spy or a
prostitute from Hong Kong.
But as soon as they got to
know each other better,
they fell in love. They even
wanted to get married but
Rizal was a mason and he
was not allowed to by the
Catholic church so they
decided to live in which
made the church even
more furious. Josephine
got pregnant but she had a
miscarriage. According to
Ambeth Ocampo, Rizal
never mentioned that he
got her pregnant.
Josephine's stepfather
used to abuse her so no
one knew if Rizal really did
get her pregnant.
Josephine claimed that
she and Rizal got married
but then, why can't she
show any proof that they
really did get married and
why is she still using the
name Bracken, not Rizal?
Josephine also claimed
that she was there during
Rizal's execution but
according to Ocampo,
Josephine couldn't be
found that day. With all
these women, who do you
think Rizal loved the most
and did he really love all of
them? What was Rizal's
secret for making beautiful
women fall in love with him
and how did he manage to
break the hearts of every
single one of them? I'll
leave these questions for
you to answer.
THE DEATH OF DOCTOR JOSE
RIZAL
R
izal was escorted to his cell in Fort
Santiago to make use of his remaining time
after the kangaroo trial. His last 24 hours
was occupied with a lot of things as if
someone or something was coming after
THE LAST HOURS OF RIZAL
him.
December 29, 1896, 6:00A.M. Captain
Rafael Dominguez, read the death sentence
to Rizal to be shot at the back by a firing
squad at 7:00 A.M. in Bagumbayan.
At 7:00 A.M., an hour after the reading of
the death sentence, Rizal was moved to the
Prison Chapel. His first visitors during that
time were Father Miguel Saderra Mata and
Father Luis Viza.
At 7:15 A.M., Father Saderra left Dr. Jose
Rizal. Father Viza handed over the Sacred
Heart of Jesus carved by Rizal in Ateneo.
At 8:00 A.M., Father Rosell arrived to
At 9:00 A.M., Fathers Jose Vilaclara (who is
relieve Father Viza. They joined each other
a teacher in Ateneo) and Vicente Balaguer
at breakfast. Lieutenant Luis Taviel de
(who is a Jesuit priest in Dapitan) visited the
Andrade came and Rizal thanked him for his
hero. After they came, the Spanish
impressive or more specifically gallant
journalist, Santiago Mataix, interviewed
services.
Rizal to be feautured in his newspaper called
gwardyasibil won’t notice the letters. Paz
El Heraldo de Madrid.
Pardo de Tavera gave the lamp to him. At
the same time, he wrote his last letter to
Blumentritt.
At 3:30 P.M., Father Balaguer returned to
Fort Santiago and discussed his retraction of
the anti-catholic ideas in his writings and
membership in Masonry.
At 4:00 P.M., Dr. Jose Rizal’s mother
arrived. He then asked forgiveness to his
mom, they were both in tears and pain when
the guards separated them. Shortly
From 12:00 A.M. (noon) to 3:30 P.M., Rizal
afterwards, Trinidad entered the cell to fetch
was left alone in his cell. He ate his lunch,
her mother. As they were leaving, Rizal
after which he was busy writing. It was
whispered that “there is something inside the
probably during this time when he finished
alcohol cooking stove” Trinidad understood.
his goodbye poem and hid it inside his
This “something” was Rizal’s farewell
alcohol-cooking stove so that the
poem.
A
Nozaleda for signature to Rizal, but he
fter the departure of Dona Teodora and
rejected it because it was too long and he did
not like it. A shorter one was presented later
Trinidad, Fathers Vilaclara and Estanislao
which was prepared by Father Pio Pi, which
march entered the cell, followed by Father
Dr. Jose Rizalthen accepted. Rizal then
Rosell.
wrote his retraction, in which he solemly
At 6:00 P.M. Rizal received a new visitor,
renounced Masonry and his religious ideas,
Don Silvino Lopez Tunon.
which were anti-catholic.
At 8:00 P.M., Rizal had his last supper. He
At 3:00 o’ clock in the morning of
informed Captain Dominguez that he
December 30, 1896, Rizal heard mass,
forgave all his enemies, including the
confessed his sins, and took the Holy
military judges who condemned him to
Communion.
death.
At 9:30 P.M., Don Gaspar Centano, the
At 5:30 A.M., he took his last breakfast.
fiscal of the Royal Audiencia of Manila,
After this, he wrote two letters again, for his
visited Rizal. As a gracious host, Rizal
family and other one for his brother Paciano.
offered him the best chair in the cell. After a
It was also then, when his wife Josephine
pleasant talk, the fiscal left with a good
Bracken arrived accompanied by Josefa.
impression of Rizal’s intelligence and noble
(Sister of Rizal). With tears and pain in her
character.
eyes, she said her last farewell to Rizal. He
embraced her for the last time and gave her
his last gift – a religious book, Imitation of
At 10:00 P.M., Father Belaguer
Christ, which he autographed: “ To My Dear
submittedthe draft of the retraction sent by
and Unhappy Wife, Josephine”.
the anti-Filipino Archbishop Bernardino
6:00 A.M., He then wrote another
and slowly. Near the field a large
letter to his beloved parents, asking
group of spectators was out probably
for forgiveness for the sorrows that
to see how a hero dies or to make it
he had given them, and thanked them
sure that Rizal will die.
for their sacrifices to give him a good
education
At 6:30 A.M., Rizal was prepared for
the execution. A trumpet sounded
announcing his forthcoming
execution. With four soldiers as
advance guards, Rizal a few meters
behind walked calmly towards his
slaughter place accompanied by Lt.
Luis Taviel de Andrade, two Jesuits
Priests, and followed by more
soldiers behind him. He was dressed
in black suit, with a black derby hat,
As they were walking to the field,
Rizal looked at the sky and made a
remark to one of the priests:
black shoes but with white shirts and
black tie.
“How beautiful it is today, Father.
What morning could be more serene!
Like any execution by musketry,
muffled sound of drums rent the air,
with the group marching solemnly
How clear are Corregidor and the
mountains of Cavite! On morning
like this, I used to take a walk with
my sweetheart.”
While passing through in front of Ateneo, he asked one of the fathers, if the college towers were
that of Ateneo’s, which was affirmed by one of the priests.
In the Bagumbayan Field, the group stopped and he walked slowly towards to where he was told
to stand-on a grassy lawn between two lampposts, overseeing the shores of the beautiful Manila
Bay.
He took time to bid goodbye to his
He did as ordered reluctantly and turned his
companions, and firmly shook their hands.
back and faced the sea, even as a Spanish
One of the priests blessed him and offered a
Military doctor, Dr. Felipe Luis Castillo
crucifix for him to kiss, which he did.
asked his permission to feel his pulse.
Nothing could be more extraordinary that
for a man facing the firing squad who will
He then requested the commander of the
take off his life, as having a normal pulse.
firing squad to shoot him facing the firing
Rizal, who was intelligent, famous,
squad, which was refused, with the
respected, and who almost had everything
commander telling him of the orders that he
during his time – had no fear to die; it was a
had to follow.
rare opportunity and he would want it in no
other way.
DID RIZAL REALLY TAKE IT FROM
BEHIND?
When the command “Fuego!” was heard, he
made a supreme effort to face the firing
squad, and his bullet-riddled body instead
turned to the right with his face facing the
morning sun. It was exactly 7:03 A.M.,
December 30th, 1896, when Jose Rizal died;
his death was the life of the Filipinos. When
he died – Nationalism was born, at the prime
of his life, thirty-five year of age, five
months and eleven days. His Mission was
accomplished!
After he died, his body was brought to Paco
body of Rizal is in Paco, Manila; they went
Manila, Spaniards concealed his body to his
to Paco and bribed the guards to visit his
relative because of fear that mass might do a
Corpse. Finally they found the body and
revolution which was happened, his families
they put a mark RPJ, which are his initials
are looking for his body, they went to the
reciprocated. In 1912 his families took the
cemetery of La Union to see, but they found
bones of Rizal to bury in Bagumbayan
nothing. A tipster gave them an idea that the
where the monument is.
JOSERIZ HH1
Glory Bernus
Alyanna Hermoso
Daphne Rodripaz
Bryan Mitchelle
Jessica Soria
Mark Pineda
Sources:
http://www.filipinaslibrary.org.ph/filipiniana-library/filipiniana/70-features/212-rizal-a
http://www.joserizal.com/jose-rizal-family/
http://www.joserizal.ph/fm01.html
http://www.tripsiders.com/blog/travel-and-adventures-of-dr-jose-rizal/#.UdBpTPlTCxv
http://www.scribd.com/doc/33581113/Reviewer-Life-of-Dr-Jose-Rizal
http://nurseslabs.com/life-and-travels-of-jose-rizal/
http://www.joserizal.ph/tr01.html
http://www.tumblr.com/tagged/jose+rizal
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