PRE
TEST
®
Surgery
PreTest® Self-Assessment and Review
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PRE
TEST
®
Surgery
PreTest® Self-Assessment and Review
Ninth Edition
PETER L. GELLER, M.D.
Associate Professor of Clinical Surgery
Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons
New York, New York
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DOI: 10.1036/0071376380
Terms of Use
CONTENTS
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
PRE- AND POSTOPERATIVE CARE
Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Answers, Explanations, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
CRITICAL CARE:ANESTHESIOLOGY, BLOOD GASES,
RESPIRATORY CARE
Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Answers, Explanations, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
SKIN:WOUNDS, INFECTIONS, BURNS; HANDS;
PLASTIC SURGERY
Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Answers, Explanations, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
TRAUMA AND SHOCK
Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Answers, Explanations, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
TRANSPLANTS, IMMUNOLOGY, AND ONCOLOGY
Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Answers, Explanations, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
ENDOCRINE PROBLEMS AND BREAST
Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Answers, Explanations, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, LIVER, AND PANCREAS
Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Answers, Explanations, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
v
Terms of Use
vi
Contents
CARDIOTHORACIC PROBLEMS
Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Answers, Explanations, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
PERIPHERAL VASCULAR PROBLEMS
Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Answers, Explanations, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
UROLOGY
Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
Answers, Explanations, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
ORTHOPEDICS
Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Answers, Explanations, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
NEUROSURGERY
Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Answers, Explanations, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
OTOLARYNGOLOGY
Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Answers, Explanations, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
Terms of Use
PREFACE
No longer can students assume that this kind of continuing education ends
with the completion of formal training and the successful completion of
licensing or certifying examinations. As of October 1979, all 22 member
boards of the American Board of Medical Specialties committed themselves
to the principle of periodic recertification of their members. Despite the
Board’s recognition that the cognitive skills measured in the objective
examination do not assure clinical competence, recertification efforts—
insofar as they involve examinations—are based on the assumption that
knowledge of current information on which good clinical decisions should
be made is worth cultivating; that, while such information does not guarantee competent practice, lack of it probably impedes competent practice,
that this knowledge, unlike technical skills, is reasonably easy to assess;
and that it can be acquired by well-motivated physicians. These assumptions all seem reasonable.
The questions presented in this book deal with issues of relative
importance to medical students; other problem-oriented materials are
becoming available that are aimed at more sophisticated audiences—
groups that, within a very few years, will include the present generation of
students. Regular review of such material is a habit worth developing. We
hope that this edition of Surgery: PreTest® Self-Assessment and Review will
justify your efforts in working through the problems by providing guidance
for further study and by helping you to develop enduring learning habits.
PETER L. GELLER, M.D.
vii
INTRODUCTION
Each question in Surgery: PreTest® Self-Assessment and Review, Ninth Edition,
is accompanied by an answer, a paragraph explanation, and a specific page
reference to either a current journal article, a textbook, or both. A bibliography, which lists all the sources used in the book, follows the last chapter.
Perhaps the most effective way to use this book is to allow yourself one
minute to answer each question in a given chapter; as you proceed, indicate your answer beside each question. By following this suggestion, you
will be approximating the time limits imposed by the board examinations.
When you have finished answering the questions in a chapter, you
should then spend as much time as you need verifying your answers and
carefully reading the explanations. Although you should pay special attention to the explanations for the questions you answered incorrectly, you
should read every explanation. The authors of this book have designed the
explanations to reinforce and supplement the information tested by the
questions. If, after reading the explanations for a given chapter, you feel
you need still more information about the material covered, you should
consult and study the references indicated.
STUDENT REVIEWER
Jeffrey J. Anderegg
The University of Iowa College of Medicine
Iowa City, Iowa
viii
PRE- AND POSTOPERATIVE
CARE
Questions
DIRECTIONS: Each item below contains a question or incomplete
statement followed by suggested responses. Select the one best response to
each question.
1. A pregnant woman in her 32nd
wk of gestation is given magnesium
sulfate for pre-eclampsia. The earliest clinical indication of hypermagnesemia is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Loss of deep tendon reflexes
Flaccid paralysis
Respiratory arrest
Hypotension
Stupor
2. Five days after an uneventful
cholecystectomy, an asymptomatic
middle-aged woman is found to
have a serum sodium level of 120
meq/L. Proper management would
be
a. Administration of hypertonic saline
solution
b. Restriction of free water
c. Plasma ultrafiltration
d. Hemodialysis
e. Aggressive diuresis with furosemide
3. A 50-year-old patient presents
with symptomatic nephrolithiasis.
He reports that he underwent a
jejunoileal bypass for morbid obesity when he was 39. One would
expect to find
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Pseudohyperparathyroidism
Hyperuric aciduria
“Hungry bone” syndrome
Hyperoxaluria
Sporadic unicameral bone cysts
4. Following surgery, a patient
develops oliguria. You believe the
patient is hypovolemic, but before
increasing intravenous fluids you
seek corroborative data. This
would include
a. Urine sodium of 28 meq/L
b. Urine chloride of 15 meq/L
c. Fractional excretion of sodium less
than 1
d. Urine/serum creatinine ratio of 20
e. Urine osmolality of 350 mOsm/kg
1
Terms of Use
2
Surgery
5. A 45-year-old woman with
Crohn’s disease and a small intestinal fistula develops tetany during
the 2nd wk of parenteral nutrition.
The laboratory findings include Ca
8.2 meq/L; Na 135 meq/L; K 3.2
meq/L; C1 103 meq/L; PO4 2.4
meq/L; albumin 2.4; pH 7.48; 38
kPa; P 84 kPa; bicarbonate 25
meq/L. The most likely cause of the
patient’s tetany is
7. A 70-year-old man with aortic
and mitral valvular regurgitation
undergoes an emergency sigmoid
colectomy and end colostomy for
perforated diverticulitis. His postoperative course is complicated by
a myocardial infarction and atrial
fibrillation. Four weeks later, he
has improved and requests elective
colostomy closure. You would recommend
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a. Discontinuation of antiarrhythmic
and antihypertensive medications
on the morning of surgery
b. Discontinuation of beta-blocking
medications on the day prior to
surgery
c. Control of congestive heart failure
with diuretics and digitalis in
severe cases
d. Administration of prophylactic
antibiotics, other than ampicillin
and gentamicin, for patients with
valvular heart disease who are
undergoing gastrointestinal procedures
e. Postponement of elective surgery
for 6–8 wk after a subendocardial
myocardial infarction
Hyperventilation
Hypocalcemia
Hypomagnesemia
Essential fatty acid deficiency
Focal seizure
6. A patient with a nonobstructing
carcinoma of the sigmoid colon is
being prepared for elective resection. To minimize the risk of postoperative infectious complications,
your planning should include
a. A single preoperative parenteral
dose of antibiotic effective against
aerobes and anaerobes
b. Avoidance of oral antibiotics to prevent emergence of Clostridium difficile
c. Postoperative administration for
2–4 days of parenteral antibiotics
effective against aerobes and anaerobes
d. Postoperative administration for
5–7 days of parenteral antibiotics
effective against aerobes and anaerobes
e. Operative time less than 5 h
Pre- and Postoperative Care
Items 8–9
A previously healthy 55-yearold man undergoes elective right
hemicolectomy for a Dukes A cancer of the cecum. His postoperative
ileus is somewhat prolonged, and
on the fifth postoperative day his
nasogastric tube is still in place.
Physical
examination
reveals
diminished skin turgor, dry
mucous membranes, and orthostatic hypotension. Pertinent laboratory values are as follows:
• Arterial blood gases: pH 7.56; PO2
85 kPa; PCO2 50 kPa
• Serum electrolytes (meq/L): Na+
132; K+ 3.1; C1− 80; HCO3− 42
• Urine electrolytes (meq/L): Na+
2; K− 5; C1− 6
8. The values given above allow
the descriptive diagnosis of
a. Uncompensated metabolic alkalosis
b. Respiratory acidosis with metabolic
compensation
c. Combined metabolic and respiratory alkalosis
d. Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory
compensation
e. “Paradoxical” metabolic respiratory
alkalosis
3
9. The most appropriate therapy
for the patient described would be
a. Infusion of 0.9% NaC1 with supplemental KC1 until clinical signs
of volume depletion are eliminated
b. Infusion of isotonic (0.15 N) HC1
via a central venous catheter
c. Clamping the nasogastric tube to
prevent further acid losses
d. Administration of acetazolamide to
promote renal excretion of bicarbonate
e. Intubation
and
controlled
hypoventilation on a volumecycled ventilator to further increase
PCO2
4
Surgery
Items 10–11
A 23-year-old woman is
brought to the emergency room
from a halfway house, where she
apparently swallowed a handful of
pills. The patient complains of
shortness of breath and tinnitus,
but refuses to identify the pills she
ingested. Pertinent laboratory values are as follows:
• Arterial blood gases: pH 7.45; PO2
126 kPa; PCO2 12 kPa
• Serum electrolytes (meq/L): Na+
138; K+ 4.8; C1− 102; HCO3− 8
10. The patient’s acid-base disturbance is best characterized by which
of the following descriptions?
a. Acute respiratory alkalosis, compensated
b. Chronic respiratory alkalosis, compensated
c. Metabolic acids, compensated
d. Mixed metabolic acidosis and respiratory alkalosis
e. Mixed metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis
11. The most likely cause of the
disturbance in this patient is an
overdose of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Phenformin
Aspirin
Barbiturates
Methanol
Diazepam (Valium)
12. A 65-year-old man undergoes
a technically difficult abdominoperineal resection for a rectal cancer
during which he receives three
units of packed red blood cells.
Four hours later in the intensive
care unit he is bleeding heavily from
his perineal wound. Emergency
coagulation studies reveal normal prothrombin, partial thromboplastin, and bleeding times. The fibrin degradation products are not
elevated but the serum fibrinogen
content is depressed and the
platelet count is 70,000/µL. The
most likely cause of the bleeding is
a. Delayed blood transfusion reaction
b. Autoimmune fibrinolysis
c. A bleeding blood vessel in the surgical field
d. Factor VIII deficiency
e. Hypothermic coagulopathy
13. A 78-year-old man with a
history of coronary artery disease
and an asymptomatic reducible
inguinal hernia requests an elective
hernia repair. You explain to him
that valid reasons for delaying the
proposed surgery include
a. Coronary artery bypass surgery 3
mo earlier
b. A history of cigarette smoking
c. Jugular venous distension
d. Hypertension
e. Hyperlipidemia
Pre- and Postoperative Care
14. A 68-year-old man is admitted
to the coronary care unit with an
acute myocardial infarction. His
postinfarction course is marked by
congestive heart failure and intermittent hypotension. On the fourth
hospital day, he develops severe
midabdominal pain. On physical
examination, blood pressure is
90/60 mm Hg and pulse is 110
beats/min and regular; the abdomen
is soft with mild generalized tenderness and distention. Bowel sounds
are hypoactive; stool hematest is
positive. The next step in this
patient’s management should be
which of the following?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Barium enema
Upper gastrointestinal series
Angiography
Ultrasonography
Celiotomy
15. A 30-year-old woman in the
last trimester of pregnancy suddenly develops massive swelling of
the left lower extremity from the
inguinal ligament to the ankle. The
correct sequence of workup and
treatment should be
a. Venogram, bed rest, heparin
b. Impedance plethysmography, bed
rest, heparin
c. Impedance plethysmography, bed
rest, vena caval filter
d. Impedance plethysmography, bed
rest, heparin, warfarin (Coumadin)
e. Clinical evaluation, bed rest, warfarin
5
16. A 20-year-old woman is found
to have an activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) of 78/32 on
routine testing prior to cholecystectomy. Further investigation reveals
a prothrombin time (PT) of 13/12
(patient/control), a template bleeding time of 13 min, and a platelet
count of 350 × 100/µL. Which one
of the following characteristics of
this woman’s coagulopathy is true?
a. Infusion of purified factor VIII is
usually required to normalize its
concentration prior to surgery
b. Infusion of cryoprecipitate will not
be followed by an improvement in
coagulation
c. Most of these patients are, or
become, seropositive for HIV
d. Epistaxis or menorrhagia is uncommon
e. Lack of platelet aggregation in
response to ristocetin is a common
feature of this disease
17. The chief surgical risk to
which patients with polycythemia
vera are exposed is that due to
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Anemic disturbances
Hemorrhage
Infection
Renal dysfunction
Cardiopulmonary complications
6
Surgery
18. A victim of blunt abdominal
trauma requires a partial hepatectomy. He is rapidly transfused with
8 units of appropriately crossmatched packed red blood cells
from the blood bank. He is noted in
the recovery room to be bleeding
from intravenous puncture sites
and the surgical incision. His coagulopathy is likely due to thrombocytopenia and deficiencies of which
clotting factors?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
II only
II and VII
V and VIII
IX and X
XI and XII
19. Following celiotomy, normal
bowel motility can ordinarily be
presumed to have returned
a. In the stomach in 4 h, the small
bowel in 24 h, and the colon after
the first oral intake
b. In the stomach in 24 h, the small
bowel in 4 h, and the colon in 3
days
c. In the stomach in 3 days, the small
bowel in 3 days, and the colon in 3
days
d. In the stomach in 24 h, the small
bowel in 24 h, and the colon in
24 h
e. In the stomach in 4 h, the small
bowel immediately, and the colon
in 24 h
20. A 65-year-old woman has a
life-threatening pulmonary embolus 5 days following removal of a
uterine malignancy. She is immediately heparinized and maintained
in good therapeutic range for the
next 3 days, then passes gross
blood from her vagina and develops tachycardia, hypotension, and
oliguria. Following resuscitation,
an abdominal CT scan reveals a
major retroperitoneal hematoma.
You should now
a. Immediately reverse heparin by a
calculated dose of protamine and
place a vena cava filter (e.g., a
Greenfield filter)
b. Reverse heparin with protamine,
explore
and
evacuate
the
hematoma, and ligate the vena cava
below the renal veins
c. Switch to low-dose heparin
d. Stop heparin and observe closely
e. Stop heparin, give fresh frozen
plasma (FFP), and begin warfarin
therapy
Pre- and Postoperative Care
21. Which of the following surgical interventions is least likely to
provide acceptable prolongation of
life for patients with AIDS?
a. Splenectomy for AIDS-related idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
b. Colonic resection for perforation
secondary to cytomegalovirus infection
c. Cholecystectomy for acalculous
cholecystitis
d. Tracheostomy
for
ventilatordependent patients with respiratory failure
e. Gastric resection for a bleeding gastric lymphoma or Kaposi’s sarcoma
22. An elderly diabetic woman
with chronic steroid-dependent
bronchospasm has an ileocolectomy for a perforated cecum. She is
taken to the ICU intubated and is
maintained on broad-spectrum
antibiotics, renal-dose dopamine,
and a rapid steroid taper. On postoperative day 2 she develops a fever
of 39.2°C (102.5°F), hypotension,
lethargy, and laboratory values
remarkable for hypoglycemia and
hyperkalemia. The most likely
diagnosis of this acute event is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Sepsis
Hypovolemia
Adrenal insufficiency
Acute tubular necrosis
Diabetic ketoacidosis
7
23. A cirrhotic patient with abnormal coagulation studies due to
hepatic synthetic dysfunction
requires an urgent cholecystectomy. A transfusion of fresh frozen
plasma is planned to minimize the
risk of bleeding due to surgery. The
optimal timing of this transfusion
would be
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The day before surgery
The night before surgery
On call to surgery
Intraoperatively
In the recovery room
24. On postoperative day 3, an
otherwise healthy 55-year-old man
recovering from a partial hepatectomy is noted to have scant
serosanguineous drainage from his
abdominal incision. His skin staples are removed, revealing a 1.0cm dehiscence of the upper
midline abdominal fascia. Which of
the following actions is most
appropriate?
a. Removing all suture material and
packing the wound with moist sterile gauze
b. Starting intravenous antibiotics
c. Placing an abdominal (Scultetus)
binder
d. Prompt resuturing of the fascia in
the operating room
e. Bed rest
8
Surgery
25. Five days after a sigmoid colectomy for cancer, a patient’s skin staples are removed and a large gush of
serosanguineous fluid emerges.
Examination of the wound reveals
an extensive fascial dehiscence. The
most appropriate management is
a. Wide opening of the wound to
assure adequate drainage
b. Smear and culture of the fluid and
appropriate antibiotics after the
smear is reviewed
c. Careful reapproximation of the
wound edges with tape
d. Immediate return to the operating
room
e. Application of a Scultetus binder
26. Signs and symptoms of hemolytic transfusion reactions include
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Hypothermia
Hypertension
Polyuria
Abnormal bleeding
Hypesthesia at the transfusion site
27. A patient suspected of having
a hemolytic transfusion reaction
should be managed with
a. Removal of nonessential foreign
body irritants, e.g., Foley catheter
b. Fluid restriction
c. 0.1 M HC1 infusion
d. Steroids
e. Fluids and mannitol
28. The surgeon should be particularly concerned about which coagulation function in patients receiving
anti-inflammatory or analgesic medications?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
APTT
PT
Reptilase time
Bleeding time
Thrombin time
29. The substrate depleted earliest
in the postoperative period is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Branched-chain amino acids
Non-branched-chain amino acids
Ketone
Glycogen
Glucose
30. Diagnostic abdominal laparoscopy is contraindicated in which
of the following patients?
a. A patient with rebound tenderness
following a tangential gunshot
wound to the abdomen
b. A stable patient with a stab wound
to the lower chest wall
c. A patient with a mass in the head of
the pancreas
d. A young female with pelvic pain
and fever
e. An elderly patient in the intensive
care unit suspected of having
intestinal ischemia
Pre- and Postoperative Care
31. A 23-year-old woman undergoes total thyroidectomy for carcinoma of the thyroid gland. On the
second postoperative day, she
begins to complain of tingling sensation in her hands. She appears
quite anxious and later complains
of muscle cramps. Initial therapy
should consist of
a. 10 mL of 10% magnesium sulfate
intravenously
b. Oral vitamin D
c. 100 µg of oral Synthroid
d. Continuous infusion of calcium
gluconate
e. Oral calcium gluconate
32. Hypocalcemia is associated
with
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Acidosis
Shortened QT interval
Hypomagnesemia
Myocardial irritability
Hyperproteinemia
9
33. The enteric fluid with an electrolyte (Na+, K+, C1−) content similar to that of Ringer’s lactate is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Saliva
Contents of small intestine
Contents of right colon
Pancreatic secretions
Gastric juice
34. Which of the following medications administered for hyperkalemia counteracts the myocardial
effects of potassium without reducing the serum potassium level?
a. Sodium polystyrene
(Kayexalate)
b. Sodium bicarbonate
c. 50% dextrose
d. Calcium gluconate
e. Insulin
sulfonate
10
Surgery
Items 35–37
An in-hospital workup of a 78year-old, hypertensive, mildly asthmatic man who is receiving
chemotherapy for colon cancer
reveals symptomatic gallstones.
Preoperative laboratory results are
notable for a hematocrit of 24%
and a urinalysis with 18–25 WBCs
and gram-negative bacteria. On call
to the operating room he receives
intravenous penicillin. His abdomen is shaved in the operating
room. An open cholecystectomy is
performed and, despite a lack of
indications, the common bile duct
is explored. The wound is closed
primarily with a Penrose drain exiting a separate stab wound. On
postoperative day 3 the patient
develops a wound infection.
35. Which of the following changes
could make this wound a less favorable environment for infection?
a. Decreasing the operative time and
wound contamination by omitting
the common bile duct exploration
b. Placing a Penrose drain exiting
directly through the lateral corner
of the wound
c. Using oral rather than intravenous
penicillin perioperatively
d. Leaving a seroma in the wound to
prevent desiccation of the tissues
e. Reinforcing the wound closure
with a sheet of prosthetic polypropylene mesh
36. Which of the following characteristics of this patient might
increase the risk of a wound infection?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
History of colon surgery
Hypertension
Male sex
Receipt of chemotherapy
Asthma
37. Which of the following
changes in the care of this patient
could decrease the chance of a
postoperative wound infection?
a. Increasing the length of the preoperative hospital stay to prophylactically treat the asthma with steroids
b. Treating the urinary infection prior
to surgery
c. Shaving the abdomen the night
prior to surgery
d. Continuing the prophylactic antibiotics for three postoperative days
e. Use of a closed drainage system
brought out through the operative
incision
Pre- and Postoperative Care
Items 38–39
The two solutions most commonly used to maintain fluid and
electrolyte balance in the postoperative management of patients are
5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride and lactated Ringer’s solution.
38. A correct statement regarding
5% dextrose in 0.9% saline is
which of the following?
a. It contains the same concentration
of sodium ions as does plasma
b. It can be given in large quantities
without seriously affecting acidbase balance
c. It is isosmotic with plasma
d. It has a pH of 7.4
e. It may cause a dilutional acidosis
39. Correct statements regarding
lactated Ringer’s solution include
which of the following?
a. It contains a higher concentration
of sodium ions than does plasma
b. It is most appropriate for replacement of nasogastric tube losses
c. It is isosmotic with plasma
d. It has a pH of less than 7.0
e. It may induce a significant metabolic acidosis
11
40. Four days after surgical evacuation of an acute subdural
hematoma, a 44-year-old man
becomes mildly lethargic and
develops asterixis. He has received
2400 mL of 5% dextrose in water
intravenously each day since
surgery, and he appears well
hydrated. Pertinent laboratory values are as follows:
• Serum electrolytes (meq/L): Na+
118; K+ 3.4; C1− 82; HCO3− 24
• Serum osmolality: 242 mOsm/L
• Urine sodium: 47 meq/L
• Urine osmolality: 486 mOsm/L
A correct statement about this
patient’s fluid and electrolyte status
is which of the following?
a. His low serum sodium indicates
sodium deficiency, which should
be treated with 3% saline infusion
b. He probably has the syndrome of
inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone
c. His blood glucose level should be
checked because the hyponatremia
may be artifactual
d. Water restriction is rarely effective
in severe cases of hyponatremia
e. The underlying problem is the
inappropriate excretion of sodium
(renal sodium wasting)
12
Surgery
41. A 43-year-old woman develops acute renal failure following an emergency resection of a leaking abdominal aortic aneurysm. Three days after
surgery, the following laboratory values are obtained:
• Serum electrolytes (meq/L): Na+ 127; K+ 5.9; C1− 92; HCO3− 15
• Blood urea nitrogen: 82 mg/dL
• Serum creatinine: 6.7 mg/dL
The patient has gained 4 kg since surgery and is mildly dyspneic at
rest. Eight hours after these values are reported, the electrocardiogram
shown below is obtained. The initial treatment for this patient should be
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
10% calcium gluconate, 10 mL
Digoxin, 0.25 mg every 3 h for three doses
Oral Kayexalate
Lidocaine, 100 mg
Emergent hemodialysis
42. Prophylactic regimens of documented benefit in decreasing the risk of
postoperative thromboembolism include
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Early ambulation
External pneumatic compression devices placed on the upper extremities
Elastic stockings
Leg elevation for 24 h postoperatively
Dipyridamole therapy for 48 h postoperatively
Pre- and Postoperative Care
43. Signs and symptoms associated with early sepsis include
a.
b.
c.
d.
Respiratory acidosis
Decreased cardiac output
Hypoglycemia
Increased arteriovenous oxygen difference
e. Cutaneous vasodilation
13
14
Surgery
DIRECTIONS: Each group of questions below consists of lettered
options followed by numbered items. For each numbered item, select the
appropriate lettered option(s). Each lettered option may be used once,
more than once, or not at all. Choose exactly the number of options
indicated following each item.
Items 44–46
Match the gastrointestinal content at each site with its appropriate
ionic composition (meq/L).
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Na
K
C1
HCO3
140
140
60
10
60
5
5
10
26
30
104
75
130
10
40
30
115
0
30
50
44. Salivary (SELECT 1 COMPOSITION)
45. Stomach (SELECT 1 COMPOSITION)
46. Small bowel (SELECT 1 COMPOSITION)
Items 47–50
A 42-year-old man has a calculated resting energy expenditure of 1800
kcal/day (basal energy expenditure plus 10%). Match the following clinical
situations with the appropriate daily energy requirement.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1600
2300
2800
3600
4500
Pre- and Postoperative Care
47. Sepsis (SELECT 1 EXPENDITURE)
48. Skeletal trauma (SELECT 1
EXPENDITURE)
15
49. Third-degree burns of 60% of
body surface area (BSA) (SELECT
1 EXPENDITURE)
50. Prolonged starvation (SELECT
1 EXPENDITURE)
PRE- AND POSTOPERATIVE
CARE
Answers
1. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 65–66.) States of magnesium
excess are characterized by generalized neuromuscular depression. Clinically, severe hypermagnesemia is rarely seen except in those patients with
advanced renal failure treated with magnesium-containing antacids.
Hypermagnesemia is produced intentionally, however, by obstetricians
who use parenteral magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) to treat preeclampsia.
MgSO4 is administered until depression of the deep tendon reflexes is
observed, a deficit that occurs with modest hypermagnesemia (over 4
meq/L). Greater elevations of magnesium produce progressive weakness,
which culminates in flaccid quadriplegia and in some cases respiratory
arrest from paralysis of the chest bellows mechanism. Hypotension may
occur because of the direct arteriolar relaxing effect of magnesium.
Changes in mental status occur in the late stages of the syndrome and are
characterized by somnolence that progresses to coma.
2. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 57–63.) Acute severe hyponatremia sometimes occurs following elective surgical procedures. It is usually the result of the combination of appropriate postoperative stimulation
of antidiuretic hormone and injudicious administration of excess free
water in the first few postoperative days. Totally sodium-free intravenous
fluids (e.g., dextrose and water) should be given with great caution postoperatively, since occasionally the resulting hyponatremia can be associated with sudden death from a flaccid heart or with severe permanent
brain damage. The condition is usually best treated by withholding free
water and allowing the patient to reequilibrate spontaneously. At levels
below 115 meq/L, seizures or mental obtundation may mandate treatment
with hypertonic sodium solutions. This must be done with extreme care
because the risk of fluid overload with acute pulmonary or cerebral edema
is high.
16
Pre- and Postoperative Care
Answers
17
3. The answer is d. (Sabiston, 15/e, p 931.) Any patient who has lost
much of the ileum (whether from injury, disease, or elective surgery) is at
high risk of developing enteric hyperoxaluria if the colon remains intact.
Calcium oxalate stones will develop in at least 10% of these patients. The
condition results from excessive absorption of oxalate from the colon
through two related synergistic mechanisms: unabsorbed fatty acids combine with calcium, which prevents the formation of insoluble calcium
oxalate and allows oxalate to remain available for colonic absorption; and
unabsorbed fatty acids and bile acids also increase the permeability of the
colon to the oxalate.
4. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 452–455.) When oliguria occurs
postoperatively, it is important to differentiate between low output caused
by the physiologic response to intravascular hypovolemia and that caused
by acute tubular necrosis. The fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) is an
especially useful test to aid in this differentiation. Values of FE < 1% in an
oliguric setting indicate aggressive sodium reclamation in the tubules; values above this suggest tubular injury. The fractional excretion is a simple
calculation: (urine Na × serum creatinine) ÷ (serum sodium × urinary creatinine). In the setting of postoperative hypovolemia, all findings would
reflect the kidney’s efforts to retain volume: the urine sodium would be
below 20 meq/L, the urine chloride would not be helpful except in the
metabolically alkalotic patient, the serum osmolality would be over 500
mOsm/kg, and the urine/serum creatinine ratio would be above 40.
5. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 64–66.) Magnesium deficiency is
common in malnourished patients and patients with large gastrointestinal
fluid losses. The neuromuscular effects resemble those of calcium deficiency—namely, paresthesia, hyperreflexia, muscle spasm, and ultimately
tetany. The cardiac effects are more like those of hypercalcemia. An electrocardiogram therefore provides a rapid means of differentiating between
hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia. Hypomagnesemia also causes potassium wasting by the kidney. Many hospital patients with refractory hypocalcemia will be found to be magnesium deficient. Often this deficiency
becomes manifest during the response to parenteral nutrition when normal
cellular ionic gradients are restored. A normal blood pH and arterial PCO2
rule out hyperventilation. The serum calcium in this patient is normal when
18
Surgery
adjusted for the low albumin. Hypomagnesemia causes functional hypoparathyroidism, which can lower serum calcium and thus result in a combined defect.
6. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 143–149.) Many clinical and experimental studies have looked at the optimum bowel preparation and preoperative regimen for elective colonic surgery to reduce the postoperative
infectious complications of wound infection, intraabdominal abscess, and
anastomotic leakage. Currently, a postoperative rate of wound infection of
only 5% can be attained by combining mechanical cleansing, oral antibiotics,
and perioperative parenteral antibiotics. The type of mechanical cleansing
does not matter as long as it is effective. Preoperative oral antibiotics may be
administered one or more days prior to surgery and should cover aerobes
and anaerobes (e.g., neomycin-erythromycin). Parenteral antibiotics effective
against aerobes and anaerobes (e.g., cefoxitin) should be administered on call
to the operating room as a single dose and no more than 24 h postoperatively.
Both antibiotic regimens yield maximum prophylaxis without fostering resistant transformation of microbes. Procedures that require operative time
greater than 3 h or that involve the extraperitoneal rectum are associated with
an increased risk of infectious complications.
7. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 462–465.) There are several recommended interventions in cardiac patients who are undergoing noncardiac
surgery. The two factors that correlate best with postoperative lifethreatening or fatal cardiac complications are myocardial infarction (transmural or subendocardial) and uncontrolled congestive heart failure.
Hence, delay of elective surgery for 6 mo after myocardial infarction and
preoperative control of congestive heart failure with diuretics and digitalis,
in severe cases, will have the greatest effect in decreasing the risks of
surgery. A patient’s cardiac medications should be continued preoperatively, including during the morning of surgery, to maintain adequate therapeutic levels. This is especially true for beta blockers, which can manifest
withdrawal rebound hypertension and tachycardia approximately 24 h
after discontinuation. Patients with prosthetic valves or valvular heart disease should be given prophylactic antibiotics to prevent seeding of their
valves during episodes of significant bacteremia. This most commonly
occurs during gastrointestinal or genitourinary procedures. Ampicillin and
Pre- and Postoperative Care
Answers
19
gentamicin cover the flora frequently encountered, including enterococci
and gram-negative organisms.
8. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 259–266.) Both the arterial pH
and the PCO2 are elevated in the patient presented in the question; the disturbance is alkalosis with hypoventilation. The PCO2 typically increases by
0.5–1.0 pKa for each meq/L increase in serum bicarbonate. These findings
suggest that the hypoventilation is compensatory rather than a primary
phenomenon. This assumption is further supported by the absence of clinical lung disease.
9. The answer is a. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 259–266.) The development of a
clinically significant metabolic alkalosis in a patient requires not only the
loss of acid or addition of alkali, but renal responses that maintain the alkalosis. The normal kidney can tremendously augment its excretion of acid or
alkali in response to changes in ingested load. However, in the presence of
significant volume depletion and consequent excessive salt and water
retention, the tubular maximum for bicarbonate reabsorption is increased.
Correction of volume depletion alone is usually sufficient to correct the
alkalosis, since the kidney will then excrete the excess bicarbonate. HCl
infusion is usually unnecessary and can be dangerous. Acetazolamide is
unlikely to be effective in the face of distal Na+ reabsorption (in exchange
for H+ secretion). Moreover, to the extent that acetazolamide causes natriuresis, it will exacerbate the volume depletion.
10. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 260–266.) The patient presented
in the question is in a state of metabolic acidosis as shown by a markedly
increased anion gap of 28 meq unmeasured anions per liter of plasma.
However, the respiratory response is greater than can be explained by a
compensatory response, since the patient is mildly alkalemic. The disturbance cannot be pure respiratory alkalosis, since the serum bicarbonate
does not drop below 15 meq/L as a result of renal compensation and the
anion gap does not vary by more than 1–2 meq/L from its normal value of
12 in response to a respiratory disturbance. The renal response to hyperventilation involves wasting of bicarbonate and compensatory retention of
chloride; it does not involve a change in the concentration of “unmeasured”
anions, such as albumin and organic acids.
20
Surgery
11. The answer is b. (Anderson, Ann Intern Med 85:745–748, 1976.) The
acid-base disturbance in the patient described in the previous question
demonstrates the value of extracting all available information from a small
amount of rapidly retrievable data, e.g., arterial blood gases. Salicylates
directly stimulate the respiratory center and produce respiratory alkalosis.
By building up an accumulation of organic acids, salicylates also produce a
concomitant metabolic acidosis. Characteristically both disturbances exist
simultaneously following massive ingestion of salicylates. If sedative agents
have been taken as well, the respiratory alkalosis (and even the respiratory
compensation) may be absent. Phenformin and methanol overdoses also
produce “high-anion-gap” metabolic acidosis, but without the simultaneous respiratory disturbance. In the case presented, the patient’s history of
tinnitus in conjunction with her mixed metabolic acidosis–respiratory
alkalosis is essentially pathognomonic of salicylate intoxication.
12. The answer is c. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 131–133.) Whenever significant
bleeding is noted in the early postoperative period, the presumption
should always be that it is due to an error in surgical control of blood vessels in the operative field. Hematologic disorders that are not apparent during the long operation are most unlikely to surface as problems
postoperatively. Blood transfusion reactions can cause diffuse loss of clot
integrity; the sudden appearance of diffuse bleeding during an operation
may be the only evidence of an intraoperative transfusion reaction. In the
postoperative period, transfusion reactions usually present as unexplained
fever, apprehension, and headache—all symptoms difficult to interpret in
the early postoperative period. Factor VIII deficiency (hemophilia) would
almost certainly be known by history in a 65-year-old man, but if not,
intraoperative bleeding would have been a problem earlier in this long
operation. Severely hypothermic patients will not be able to form clots
effectively, but clot dissolution does not occur. Care should be taken to prevent the development of hypothermia during long operations through the
use of warmed intravenous fluid, gas humidifiers, and insulated skin barriers.
13. The answer is c. (Goldman, J Cardiothorac Anesth 1:237, 1987.) The
work of Goldman and others has served to identify risk factors for perioperative myocardial infarction. The highest likelihood is associated with
recent myocardial infarction: the more recent the event, the higher the risk
Pre- and Postoperative Care
Answers
21
up to 6 mo. It should be noted, however, that the risk never returns to normal. A non-Q-wave infarction may not have destroyed much myocardium,
but it leaves the surrounding area with borderline perfusion; hence the particularly high risk of subsequent perioperative infarction. Evidence of congestive heart failure, such as jugular venous distention, or S3 gallop also
carries a high risk, as does the frequent occurrence of ectopic beats. Old
age and emergency surgery are risk factors independent of these others.
Coronary revascularization by coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) tends
to protect against myocardial infarction. Smoking, diabetes, hypertension,
and hyperlipidemia (all of which predispose to coronary artery disease) are
surprisingly not independent risk factors, although they may increase the
death rate should an infarct occur. The value of this information and data
derived from further testing is that it identifies the patient who needs to be
monitored invasively with a systemic arterial catheter and pulmonary arterial catheter. Most perioperative infarcts occur postoperatively when the
“third-space” fluids return to the circulation, which increases the preload
and the myocardial oxygen consumption. This generally occurs around the
third postoperative day.
14. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 966–967.) Acute mesenteric
ischemia may be difficult to diagnose. The condition should be suspected in
patients with either systemic manifestations of arteriosclerotic vascular disease or low cardiac output states associated with a sudden development of
abdominal pain that is out of proportion to the physical findings. Lactic acidosis and an elevated hematocrit reflecting hemoconcentration are common
laboratory findings. Abdominal films show a nonspecific ileus pattern. The
cause may be embolic occlusion or thrombosis of the superior mesenteric
artery, primary mesenteric venous occlusion, or nonocclusive mesenteric
ischemia secondary to low cardiac output states. A mortality of 65–100% is
reported. The majority of affected patients are at high operative risk, but
since early diagnosis followed by revascularization or resectional surgery or
both is the only hope for survival, celiotomy must be performed once the
diagnosis of arterial occlusion or bowel infarction has been made. Initial
treatment of nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia includes measures to
increase cardiac output and blood pressure and the direct intraarterial infusion of vasodilators such as papaverine into the superior mesenteric system.
The patient presented in the question is at risk for both occlusive and
nonocclusive mesenteric ischemic disease. If his clinical status permits,
22
Surgery
angiographic studies should be performed before the operation to establish
the diagnosis and to determine whether embolectomy, revascularization, or
nonsurgical management is indicated as initial treatment.
15. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1007–1014.) This patient has a
left iliofemoral vein thrombosis, as evidenced by sudden massive swelling
of her entire left lower extremity. Noninvasive venous testing should be
quite helpful as the venous obstruction extends above the knee; therefore,
venography and x-ray exposure are unnecessary. Heparin is the preferred
agent because it does not cross the placenta, while warfarin does. The vena
caval filter is not indicated because there is no contraindication to heparin
therapy and there has not been any evidence of pulmonary embolus.
16. The answer is e. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 134–135.) von Willebrand disease has an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance that affects both
men and women. The deficiency of factor VIII activity is generally less
severe than in classic hemophilia and tends to fluctuate even in an
untreated patient. However, the bleeding tendency is compounded by
abnormal platelet function. This is responsible for the common occurrence
of epistaxis and menorrhagia. In 70% of patients, platelets fail to aggregate
in response to the diagnostic reagent ristocetin. Transfusion of cryoprecipitate provides factor VIII R:WF (the von Willebrand factor), whereas infusions of high-purity concentrates of factor VIII:C are not effective. These
patients do not generally require treatment unless they need surgery or are
severely injured; therefore, they have not usually received the contaminated concentrates responsible for the 80% prevalence of HIV seropositivity among hemophiliacs.
17. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 85–87.) Intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhage is a significant problem in the patient with polycythemia vera. Despite thrombocytosis, these patients have a hemorrhagic
tendency generally ascribed to a qualitative deficiency of the platelets. Elective surgery should be postponed until the hematocrit and platelet count
reach normal levels. Alkylating agents, such as busulfan or chlorambucil,
are effective in this regard. In the emergency situation, phlebectomy should
be performed prior to operation and also an especially careful hemostatic
technique should be employed. Infection is also a problem in patients with
Pre- and Postoperative Care
Answers
23
polycythemia vera, but hemorrhagic problems are the more frequently
encountered complications.
18. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 96.) When large amounts of banked
blood are transfused, the recipient becomes deficient in factors V and VIII
(the “labile” factors) and an acquired coagulopathy ensues. Since banked
blood is also deficient in platelets, thrombocytopenia may also develop.
19. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 467.) The misconception that the
entire bowel does not function in the early postoperative period is still
widely held. Intestinal motility and absorption studies have clarified the
patterns by which bowel activity resumes. The stomach remains uncoordinated in its muscular activity and does not empty efficiently for about 24 h
after abdominal procedures. The small bowel functions normally within
hours of surgery and is able to accept nutrients promptly, either by nasoduodenal or percutaneous jejunal feeding catheters or, after 24 h, by gastric emptying. The colon is stimulated in large measure by the gastrocolic
reflex but ordinarily is relatively inactive for 3–4 days.
20. The answer is a. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 96–97.) In a heparinized patient
with significant life-threatening hemorrhage, immediate reversal of heparin
anticoagulation is indicated. Protamine sulfate is a specific antidote to
heparin and should be given as 1 mg for each 100 U heparin if hemorrhage
begins shortly after a bolus of heparin. For a patient (such as this) in whom
heparin therapy is ongoing, the dose should be based on the half-life of
heparin (90 min). Since protamine is also an anticoagulant, only half the
calculated circulating heparin should be reversed. The protaminization
should be followed by placement of a percutaneous vena cava filter (Greenfield filter). In this critically ill patient, exploration of the retroperitoneal
space would be surgically challenging and meddlesome.
21. The answer is d. (Diettrich, Arch Surg 126:860–865, 1991.) Patients
who have AIDS frequently present with problems that potentially require
surgical care. The involvement of surgeons with these patients will increase
as more effective treatments are developed and the AIDS patient’s survival
is prolonged. AIDS patients not only suffer from common surgical illnesses,
they also develop problems especially associated with their altered immune
24
Surgery
status, such as bleeding from gastrointestinal lymphomas or Kaposi’s
lesions, bowel ischemia, perforation from parasitic or viral infection, acalculous cholecystitis, and retroperitoneal and intraabdominal masses due to
massive lymphadenitis. With the exception of tracheostomy, experience
has demonstrated that surgery can be performed with acceptable morbidity and mortality and that it seems to provide comfort and prolong quality
life. Though it may facilitate nursing care, tracheostomy does not reverse or
slow the pulmonary failure once the patient has become ventilator dependent.
22. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1639–1640.) Acute adrenal insufficiency is classically manifested as changing mental status, increased temperature, cardiovascular collapse, hypoglycemia, and hyperkalemia. The
diagnosis can be difficult to make and requires a high index of suspicion. Its
clinical presentation is similar to that of sepsis; however, sepsis is generally
associated with hyperglycemia and no significant change in potassium. The
treatment for adrenal crisis is hydrocortisone 100 mg intravenously, volume
resuscitation, and other supportive measures to treat any new or ongoing
stress. Then, 200–400 hydrocortisone mg is administered over the next 24
h, followed by a taper of the steroid as tolerated.
23. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 95–96.) Transfusions with fresh
frozen plasma (FFP) are given to replenish clotting factors. The effectiveness of the transfusion in maintaining hemostasis is dependent on the
quantity of each factor delivered and its half-life. The half-life of the most
stable clotting factor, factor VII, is 4–6 h. A reasonable transfusion scheme
would be to give FFP on call to the operating room. This way the transfusion is complete prior to the incision with circulating factors to cover the
operative and immediate postoperative period.
24. The answer is c. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 344–345.) Serosanguineous
drainage is classically associated with fascial dehiscence. A reasonable
approach to this problem is to remove several sutures and gently explore
the wound to determine the extent of the dehiscence. A small fascial dehiscence (1–2 cm) can be treated conservatively with local wound care and an
abdominal binder to support the fascia. A larger dehiscence requires reoperation for formal reclosure of the fascia. High-risk patients with a large fascial dehiscence may be treated with an abdominal binder and modified bed
Pre- and Postoperative Care
Answers
25
rest, which allows both intraabdominal adhesion formation and local granulation. Although fascial dehiscence can occur from local infection, it is
usually not an infectious process and does not require parenteral antibiotic
therapy.
25. The answer is d. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 344–345.) The appearance of a
gush of serosanguineous fluid from an abdominal incision is pathognomonic of a disruption of the deep fascia. The source of large amounts of
serous fluid is the peritoneum. The temptation to avoid direct reclosure of
these wounds when the fascial defect is larger than 1–2 cm should be
resisted because delayed resumption of normal ambulation and activity
with a late ventral hernia is the best outcome to be hoped for. Evisceration,
wound infection, or protracted convalescence is far more likely. Recurrence
of eviscerations following reclosure of these wounds is extremely rare,
though 10–20% will later develop incisional hernias. The Scultetus binder
is a corsetlike cloth wrap that was once a favored support to reduce likelihood of evisceration in those wounds in which the fascia was left unrepaired after dehiscence.
26. The answer is d. (Sabiston, 15/e, p 124.) Allergic and febrile reactions
occur in about 1% of all transfusions. Hemolytic transfusion reactions are
much less common (0.2%) with fatal reactions in 1:100,000 transfusions.
Hemolytic transfusion reactions are due to the reaction of recipient antibodies against transfused antigens. These reactions can be both immediate
and delayed. Symptoms of a hemolytic transfusion reaction include fever,
chills, and pain and heat at the infusion site, as well as respiratory distress,
anxiety, hypotension, and oliguria. During surgery a hemolytic transfusion
reaction can manifest as abnormal bleeding.
27. The answer is e. (Sabiston, 15/e, p 124.) Hemolytic transfusion reactions lead to hypotension and oliguria. The increased hemoglobin in the
plasma will be cleared via the kidneys, which leads to hemoglobinuria.
Placement of an indwelling Foley catheter with subsequent demonstration
of oliguria and hemoglobinuria not only confirms the diagnosis of a
hemolytic transfusion reaction but is useful in monitoring corrective therapy. Treatment begins with discontinuation of the transfusion, followed by
aggressive fluid resuscitation to support the hypotensive episode and
increase urine output. Inducing a diuresis through aggressive fluid resusci-
26
Surgery
tation and osmotic diuretics is important to clear the hemolyzed red cell
membranes, which can otherwise collect in glomeruli and cause renal
damage. Alkalinization of the urine (pH > 7) helps prevent hemoglobin
clumping and renal damage. Steroids do not have a role in the treatment of
hemolytic transfusion reactions.
28. The answer is d. (Sabiston, 15/e, p 133.) Platelet dysfunction, measured by bleeding time, has been associated with a long list of drugs.
Among nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic medications, aspirin,
indomethacin, phenylbutazone, acetominophen, and phenacetin have
been implicated, along with aminopyrine and codeine. Ibuprofen, however, has not. In addition, many antibiotics, anticonvulsants, and sedatives
have been associated with thrombasthenia. Any time platelet abnormalities
are suspected, a careful review of the drugs the patient is receiving should
be undertaken, and a measurement should be made of the platelet count
and bleeding time. Platelet dysfunction does not affect APTT, PT, reptilase,
or thrombin times.
29. The answer is d. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 60–62.) The metabolic response
to surgery (and other trauma) is a result of neuroendocrine stimulation that
sharply accelerates protein breakdown, stimulates gluconeogenesis, and
produces glucose intolerance. The glycogen stores are rapidly depleted
because of a fall in insulin and a rise in glucagon levels in the plasma. The
peripheral effects of the neuroendocrine secretion result in an increase in
plasma levels of amino acids, free fatty acids, lactate, glucose, and glycerol.
In the liver, the cortisol and glucagon stimulate glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and increased substrate uptake.
30. The answer is a. (Berci, Am J Surg 161:332–335, 1991.) The indications for diagnostic laparoscopic exploration are increasing rapidly as the
tools and techniques for such intervention improve. In the stable trauma
patient with a tangential gunshot wound or with a stab wound to the lower
chest wall or abdomen, laparoscopy may show no actual peritoneal penetration and might make a laparotomy unnecessary. If the peritoneum or
diaphragm is injured, subsequent laparotomy and exploration are generally indicated to exclude other possible injuries and to facilitate repair of
the diaphragm. All unstable patients or those with signs of peritoneal irritation (e.g., rebound tenderness) should undergo prompt celiotomy.
Pre- and Postoperative Care
Answers
27
Laparoscopic staging of malignancies allows improved preoperative assessment of the resectability of intraabdominal malignancies. The procedure
has proved particularly useful in cases with pancreatic carcinoma. Laparoscopic evaluations may expedite differentiation of competing etiologies of
right lower quadrant pain; this would allow appendectomy for appendicitis or appropriate therapy such as intravenous antibiotics for pelvic inflammatory disease and preempt celiotomy. In critically ill patients, the
development of low flow or embolic ischemic insults to the bowel can be
fatal if not recognized and treated early. Many such patients are already
being ventilated in intensive care units; in this setting, bedside laparoscopy
can ascertain the need for early exploration for bowel revascularization or
resection.
31. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 1693.) Postthyroidectomy
hypocalcemia is usually due to transient ischemia of the parathyroid glands
and is self-limited. When it becomes symptomatic, it should be treated
with intravenous infusions of calcium. In most cases the problem is
resolved in several days. If hypocalcemia persists, oral therapy is then
added with calcium gluconate. Vitamin D preparations are only used if
hypocalcemia is prolonged and permanent hypocalcemia is suspected.
There is no role for thyroid hormone replacement or magnesium sulfate in
the treatment of hypocalcemia.
32. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 64.) Hypocalcemia is associated
with a prolonged QT interval and may be aggravated by both hypomagnesemia and alkalosis. Serum calcium levels below 7.0 mg/dL, encountered
most frequently following parathyroid or thyroid surgery or in patients
with acute pancreatitis, should be treated with intravenous calcium gluconate or lactate. The myocardium is very sensitive to calcium levels; therefore calcium is considered a positive inotropic agent. Calcium increases the
contractile strength of cardiac muscle as well as the velocity of shortening.
In its absence the efficiency of the myocardium decreases. Hypocalcemia
often occurs with hypoproteinemia even though the ionized serum calcium
fraction remains normal.
33. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 56.) Bile and the fluids found in
the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum all have an electrolyte content similar
to that of Ringer’s lactate. Saliva, gastric juice, and right colon fluids have
28
Surgery
high K+ and low Na+ content. Pancreatic secretions are high in bicarbonate.
It is important to consider these variations in electrolyte patterns when calculating replacement requirements following gastrointestinal losses.
34. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 63.) Reduction of an elevated
serum potassium level is important to avoid the cardiovascular complications that ultimately culminate in diastolic cardiac arrest. Kayexalate is a
cation exchange resin that is instilled into the gastrointestinal tract and
exchanges sodium for potassium ions. Its use is limited to semiacute and
chronic potassium elevations. Sodium bicarbonate causes a rise in serum
pH and shifts potassium intracellularly. Administration of glucose initiates
glycogen synthesis and uptake of potassium. Insulin can be used in conjunction with this to aid in the shift of potassium intracellularly. Calcium
gluconate does not affect the serum potassium level but rather counteracts
the myocardial effects of hyperkalemia.
35–37. The answers are 35-a, 36-d, 37-b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 448–452.)
The determinants of a postoperative wound infection include those related
to the bacteria, the environment (i.e., the wound), and the host’s defense
mechanisms. Within this triad there are factors predetermined by the status of the patient [e.g., age, obesity, steroid dependence, multiple diagnoses
(more than three), immunosuppression] and by the type of procedure
(e.g., contaminated versus clean, emergent versus elective). However, there
are several factors that can be optimized by the surgeon. Decreasing the
bacterial inoculum and virulence by limiting the patient’s prehospital stay,
clipping the operative site in the operating room, administering perioperative antibiotics (within a 24-h period surrounding operation) with an
appropriate antimicrobial spectrum, treating remote infections, avoiding
breaks in technique, using closed drainage systems (if needed at all) that
exit the skin away from the surgical incision, and minimizing the duration
of the operation have all been shown to decrease postoperative infection.
Making a wound less favorable to infection requires attention to basic halstedian principles of hemostasis, anatomic dissection, and gentle handling
of tissues as well as limiting the amount of foreign body and necrotic tissue
in the wound. Although they are the most difficult factors to influence, host
defense mechanisms can be improved by optimizing nutritional status, tissue perfusion, and oxygen delivery.
Pre- and Postoperative Care
Answers
29
38–39. The answers are 38-e, 39-d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 66–67.) Isotonic
saline solutions contain 154 meq/L of both sodium and chloride ions. Each
ion is in a substantially higher concentration than is found in the normal
serum (Na = 142 meq/L; C1 = 103 meq/L). When isotonic solutions are
given in large quantities, they overload the kidney’s ability to excrete chloride ion, which results in a dilutional acidosis. They also may intensify preexisting acidosis by reducing the base bicarbonate:carbonic acid ratio in
the body. Isotonic saline solutions are particularly useful in hyponatremic
or hypochloremic states and whenever a tendency to metabolic alkalosis is
present, as occurs with significant nasogastric suction losses or vomiting.
Administration of lactated Ringer’s solution is appropriate for replacing gastrointestinal losses and correcting extracellular fluid deficits. Containing 130 meq/L sodium, lactated Ringer’s is hyposmolar with respect to
sodium and provides approximately 150 mL of free water with each liter
given. Although this is ordinarily not a significant load, in some clinical situations it can be. Lactated Ringer’s is sufficiently “physiological” to enable
administration of large amounts without significantly affecting the body’s
acid-base balance. It is worth noting that both isotonic saline and lactated
Ringer’s are acidic with respect to the plasma: 0.9% NaC1/5% dextrose has
a pH of 4.5; lactated Ringer’s has a pH of 6.5.
40. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 473–474.) The patient presented
has the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH).
Although this syndrome is primarily associated with diseases of the central
nervous system or of the chest (e.g., oat cell carcinoma of the lung), excessive amounts of antidiuretic hormone are also present in most postoperative
patients. The pathophysiology of SIADH involves an inability to dilute the
urine; administered water is therefore retained, which produces dilutional
hyponatremia. Body sodium stores and fluid balance are normal, as evidenced by the absence of the clinical findings suggestive of abnormalities of
extracellular fluid volume. While hypertonic saline infusions can transiently
improve hyponatremia, the appropriate therapy is to restrict water ingestion
to a level below the patient’s ability to excrete water. Hypertonic saline may
be dangerous, since it can shift accumulated water into the extracellular
fluid and precipitate pulmonary edema in the patient who suffers from low
cardiac reserves. Hyperglycemia cannot account for the hyponatremia seen
in this patient because the serum osmolality, as well as the serum sodium, is
30
Surgery
depressed. Hyponatremia resulting from hyperglycemia would be associated with an elevated serum osmolality.
41. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 63.) The electrocardiogram exhibited in the question demonstrates changes that are essentially diagnostic of
severe hyperkalemia. Correct treatment for the affected patient includes
administration of a source of calcium ions (which will immediately oppose
the neuromuscular effect of potassium) and administration of sodium ions
(which, by producing a mild alkalosis, will shift potassium into cells); each
will temporarily reduce serum potassium concentration. Infusion of glucose and insulin would also effect a temporary transcellular shift of potassium. However, these maneuvers are only temporarily effective; definitive
treatment calls for removal of potassium from the body. The sodiumpotassium exchange resin sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
would accomplish this removal, but over a period of hours and at the price
of adding a sodium ion for each potassium ion that is removed. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is probably required for this patient, since these
procedures also rectify the other consequences of acute renal failure, but
they would not be the first line of therapy given the acute need to reduce
the potassium level. Both lidocaine and digoxin would not only be ineffective but contraindicated, since they would further depress the myocardial
conduction system.
42. The answer is b. (Sabiston 15/e, pp 1594–1616.) The problem of deep
vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism is significant in general surgery.
There are approximately 2.5 million episodes of deep vein thrombosis and
600,000 pulmonary embolic events that result in 200,000 deaths annually.
The problem is exacerbated by the disorder’s frequent unheralded progression—only 20–25% of fatal pulmonary emboli are suspected clinically by
the physician or manifest by classic signs or symptoms. The fact that most
deaths due to pulmonary embolism occur before effective therapy can be
started highlights the importance of preventive measures. Several documented factors help identify those at increased risk, including age greater
than 40, obesity, malignancy, venous disease, congestive heart failure and
atrial fibrillation, and prolonged bed rest. Virchow initially attributed
venous thrombosis to the combination of venous stasis, hypercoagulability,
and endothelial injury. The first two conditions are exacerbated by operative positioning and stress such that 25% of patients at moderate risk will
Pre- and Postoperative Care
Answers
31
develop venous thromboembolism, 50% within 24 h and 80% within 72 h
postoperatively. The recommendation for prophylaxis in those at high risk
is preoperative anticoagulation with warfarin. No prophylaxis is recommended for those at low risk (e.g., those less than age 40 with normal
weight and no venous disease). Prophylactic regimens for those at moderate risk are basically chemical or mechanical, and the best two, which have
equivalent effectiveness, are representative of each type. First, low-dose
heparin (5000 U) started 2 h preoperatively and continued every 12 h
postoperatively will decrease the risk of deep vein thrombosis from 25 to
7% and of major pulmonary embolus from 6 to 0.6%. External pneumatic
compression devices not only obviate venous stasis, but they also have a
systemic effect on coagulation, such that use on the arms also significantly
reduces venous thromboembolism of the lower extremities. Early ambulation, elastic stockings, leg elevation, and dipyridamole (Persantine) alone
have not been documented to be effective.
43. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 115–120.) It is important to identify and treat occult or early sepsis before it progresses to septic shock and
the associated complications of multiple organ failure. An immunocompromised host may not manifest some of the more typical signs and symptoms of infection, such as elevated temperature and white cell count; this
forces the clinician to focus on more subtle signs and symptoms. Early sepsis is a physiologically hyperdynamic, hypermetabolic state representing a
surge of catecholamines, cortisol, and other stress-related hormones. A
changing mental status, tachypnea that leads to respiratory alkalosis, and
flushed skin are often the earliest manifestations of sepsis. Intermittent
hypotension requiring increased fluid resuscitation to maintain adequate
urine output is characteristic of occult sepsis. Hyperglycemia and insulin
resistance during sepsis are typical in diabetic as well as nondiabetic
patients. This relates to the gluconeogenic state of the stress response. The
cardiovascular response to early sepsis is characterized by an increased cardiac output, decreased systemic vascular resistance, and decreased peripheral utilization of oxygen, which yields a decreased arteriovenous oxygen
difference.
44–46. The answers are 44-d, 45-c, 46-a. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 56.) One of
the most common causes of dehydration and metabolic disarray in surgical
patients is the failure to replace gastrointestinal losses. External losses can
32
Surgery
often be collected for measurement of volume and ionic composition.
Accurate replacement of these measured losses is clearly the best method of
avoiding imbalance. However, a knowledge of the ionic composition of the
intestinal contents at various sites permits an accurate estimate for early
replacement. Most of these secretions start as extracellular fluid (with a
composition similar to that of plasma) and are modified by intestinal
glands. The stomach substitutes hydrogen ions for sodium and thus eliminates all but a tiny fraction of bicarbonate. The glands of the small intestine
secrete various amounts of bicarbonate; the chloride content is depressed
to an equivalent degree (to maintain ionic balance). Colonic contents
(stool) and saliva are most notable for their potassium content. Stool also
has a high bicarbonate content. Severe diarrhea can therefore cause potassium depletion and a metabolic acidosis.
47–50. The answers are 47-c, 48-b, 49-d, 50-a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp
33–40.) Resting energy expenditure in the nonstressed patient is approximately 10% greater than basal energy expenditure. The resting energy
expenditure increases directly proportional to the degree of stress. Studies
by Kinney and associates using indirect calorimetry have documented the
relative degree of increase in resting energy expenditure for a variety of
clinical situations. The following table summarizes these results:
Clinical Situation
Change in Energy
Expenditure
Prolonged starvation
Skeletal trauma
Sepsis
Third-degree burns ⬎ 20% BSA
Decreased 10–30%
Increased 10–30%
Increased 30–60%
Increased 50–100%
CRITICAL CARE:
ANESTHESIOLOGY, BLOOD
GASES, RESPIRATORY CARE
Questions
DIRECTIONS: Each item below contains a question or incomplete
statement followed by suggested responses. Select the one best response to
each question.
51. The most common physiologic cause of hypoxemia is
a. Hypoventilation
b. Incomplete alveolar oxygen diffusion
c. Ventilation-perfusion inequality
d. Pulmonary shunt flow
e. Elevated erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate level (2,3-DPT)
52. Generally accepted indications
for mechanical ventilatory support
include
a. PaO2 of less than 70 kPa and PaCO2 of
greater than 50 kPa while breathing
room air
b. Alveolar-arterial oxygen tension
difference of 150 kPa while breathing 100% O2
c. Vital capacity of 40–60 mL/kg
d. Respiratory rate greater than 35
breaths/min
e. A dead space:tidal volume ratio
(VD/VT) less than 0.6
53. In a hemolytic reaction caused
by an incompatible blood transfusion, the treatment that is most
likely to be helpful is
a. Promoting a diuresis with 250 ml
of 50% mannitol
b. Treating anuria with fluid and
potassium replacement
c. Acidifying the urine to prevent
hemoglobin precipitation in the
renal tubules
d. Removing foreign bodies, such as
Foley catheters, which may cause
hemorrhagic complications
e. Stopping the transfusion immediately
54. Which of the following inhalation anesthetics accumulates in
air-filled cavities during general
anesthesia?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Diethyl ether
Nitrous oxide
Halothane
Methoxyflurane
Trichloroethylene
33
Terms of Use
Surgery
55. Major alterations in pulmonary function associated with
adult respiratory distress syndrome
(ARDS) include
a.
b.
c.
d.
Hypoxemia
Increased pulmonary compliance
Increased resting lung volume
Increased
functional
residual
capacity
e. Decreased dead space ventilation
56. The curve depicted below
plots the normal relationship of
arterial PO2 and percentage of
hemoglobin saturation with other
variables controlled at pH 7.4,
PaCO2 40 kPa, temperature 37°C
(98.6°F), and hemoglobin 15 g/dL.
Which of the following statements
regarding this oxygen dissociation
relationship is true?
100
% Hb Saturation
34
50
50
PO2 torr
100
a. Modest decrements of arterial PO2
have a major effect on alveolar oxygen uptake
b. Modest decrements of hemoglobin
saturation have a major effect on
tissue oxygen uptake
c. The curve shifts to the left with acidosis
d. The curve shifts to the left following banked blood transfusion
e. The curve is unaffected by chronic
lung disease
Critical Care:Anesthesiology, Blood Gases, Respiratory Care
57. A 64-year-old man afflicted
with severe emphysema, who receives oxygen therapy at home, is
admitted to the hospital because of
upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
The bleeding ceases soon after
admission, and the patient
becomes agitated and then disoriented; he is given intramuscular
diazepam (Valium), 5 mg. Twenty
minutes later he is unresponsive.
Physical examination reveals a stuporous but arousable man who has
papilledema and asterixis. Arterial
blood gases are pH 7.17; PO2 42
kPa; PCO2 95 kPa. The best immediate therapy would be to
a. Correct hypoxemia with high-flow
nasal oxygen
b. Correct acidosis with sodium bicarbonate
c. Administer intravenous dexamethasone, 10 mg
d. Intubate the patient
e. Call for neurosurgical consultation
58. Dopamine is a frequently used
drug in critically ill patients because
a. At high doses it increases splanchnic flow
b. At high doses it increases coronary
flow
c. At low doses it decreases heart rate
d. At low doses it lowers peripheral
resistance
e. It inhibits catecholamine release
35
59. Which statement regarding
transmission of viral illness through
homologous blood transfusion is
true?
a. The most common viral agent
transmitted via blood transfusion
in the United States is human
immune deficiency virus (HIV)
b. Blood is routinely tested for cytomegalovirus (CMV) because CMV
infection is often fatal
c. The most frequent infectious complication of blood transfusion continues to be viral meningitis
d. Up to 10% of those who develop
posttransfusion hepatitis will develop cirrhosis or hepatoma or both
e. The etiologic agent in posttransfusion hepatitis remains undiscovered
36
Surgery
Items 60–61
A 68-year-old hypertensive
man undergoes successful repair
of a ruptured abdominal aortic
aneurysm. He receives 9 L Ringer’s
lactate solution and 4 units of
whole blood during the operation.
Two hours after transfer to the surgical intensive care unit, the following hemodynamic parameters are
obtained:
• Systemic blood pressure (BP):
90/60 mm Hg
• Pulse rate: 110 beats/min
• Central venous pressure (CVP):
7 mm Hg
• Pulmonary artery pressure:
28/10 mm Hg
• Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure: 8 mm Hg
• Cardiac output: 1.9 L/min
• Systemic vascular resistance: 35
Woods units (normal is 24–30
Woods units)
• PaO2: 140 kPa (FiO2: 0.45)
• Urine output: 15 mL/h (specific
gravity: 1.029)
• Hematocrit: 35%
60. Proper management would now
call for
a. Administration of a diuretic to
increase urine output
b. Administration of a vasopressor
agent to increase systemic blood
pressure
c. Administration of a fluid challenge
to increase urine output
d. Administration of a vasodiluting
agent to decrease elevated systemic
vascular resistance
e. A period of observation to obtain
more data
61. The patient then has an
improvement in all hemodynamic
parameters. However, 6 h later he
develops ST segment depression,
and a 12-lead cardiogram shows
anterolateral ischemia. New hemodynamic parameters are obtained:
• Systemic BP: 70/40 mm Hg
• Pulse rate: 100 beats/min
• Central venous pressure (CVP):
18 cm H2O
• Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP): 25 mm Hg
• Cardiac output: 1.5 L/min
• Systemic vascular resistance: 25
Woods units
The single best pharmacologic
intervention would be
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Sublingual nitroglycerin
Intravenous nitroglycerin
A short-acting beta blocker
Sodium nitroprusside
Dobutamine
Critical Care:Anesthesiology, Blood Gases, Respiratory Care
62. A 56-year-old man undergoes
a left upper lobectomy. An epidural
catheter is inserted for postoperative pain relief. Ninety minutes
after the first dose of epidural morphine, the patient complains of
itching and becomes increasingly
somnolent. Blood gas measurement
reveals the following: pH 7.24;
PaCO2 58; PaO2 100; HCO3− 28. Initial therapy should include
a. Endotracheal intubation
b. Intramuscular diphenhydramine
(Benadryl)
c. Epidural naloxone
d. Intravenous naloxone
e. Alternative analgesia
63. If end-diastolic pressure is
held constant, increasing which of
the following will increase the cardiac index?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Peripheral vascular resistance
Pulmonary wedge pressure
Heart rate
Systemic diastolic pressure
Viscosity of the blood
37
64. A 73-year-old woman with a
long history of heavy smoking
undergoes femoral artery–popliteal
artery bypass for resting pain in her
left leg. Because of serious underlying respiratory insufficiency, she
continues to require ventilatory
support for 4 days after her operation. As soon as her endotracheal
tube is removed, she begins complaining of vague upper abdominal
pain. She has daily fever spikes to
39°C (102.2°F) and a leukocyte
count of 18,000/µL. An upper
abdominal ultrasonogram reveals a
dilated gallbladder, but no stones
are seen. A presumptive diagnosis
of acalculous cholecystitis is made.
You would recommend
a. Nasogastric suction and broadspectrum antibiotics
b. Immediate cholecystectomy with
operative cholangiogram
c. Percutaneous drainage of the gallbladder
d. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) to
visualize and drain the common
bile duct
e. Provocation of cholecystokinin release by cautious feeding of the
patient
38
Surgery
Items 65–67
A 32-year-old man undergoes a distal pancreatectomy, splenectomy,
and partial colectomy for a gunshot wound to the left upper quadrant of
the abdomen. One week later he develops a shaking chill in conjunction
with a temperature spike to 39.44°C (103°F). His blood pressure is 70/40
mm Hg with a pulse of 140 beats/min and his respiratory rate is 45
breaths/min. He is transferred to the ICU where he is intubated and a
Swan-Ganz catheter is placed.
65. Which of the following would be most consistent with this patient’s
preintubation arterial blood gas measurement?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
pH
PaCO2
PaO2
7.31
7.52
7.45
7.40
7.40
48
28
40
30
48
61
76
77
72
94
66. Which of the following is consistent with the expected initial SwanGanz catheter readings?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Cardiac output: 7.0 L/min
Peripheral vascular resistance: 1660 dynes
Pulmonary artery pressure: 50/20 mm Hg
Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure: 16 mm Hg
Central venous pressure: 18 mm Hg
67. Initial therapy for this patient would include
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Furosemide
Propranolol
Sodium nitroprusside
Broad-spectrum antibiotics
Laparotomy
Critical Care:Anesthesiology, Blood Gases, Respiratory Care
68. The preoperative characteristics of patients likely to experience
postoperative ischemia after noncardiac surgery include
a. Angina
b. More than three premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) per minute
c. Dyspnea on exertion
d. Tricuspid regurgitation
e. Age greater than 60 years
69. Which statement regarding
local anesthetics is true?
a. When used for infiltration anesthesia, the maximal safe total dose of
lidocaine is 3.0 mg per kilogram of
body weight
b. Addition of epinephrine (1:200,000)
to the solution of lidocaine, procaine,
or bupivacaine does not increase the
maximal safe total dose but increases
the duration of the block
c. Numerous individuals are hypersensitive to local anesthetics
d. A local anesthetic in contact with a
nerve trunk will cause sensory loss
but not motor paralysis in the area
innervated
e. Rapid systemic administration of
local anesthetics may produce death
without signs of CNS stimulation
70. Compensatory mechanisms
during acute hemorrhage include
a. Decreased cerebral and coronary
blood flow
b. Decreased myocardial contractility
c. Renal and splanchnic vasodilation
d. Increased respiratory rate
e. Decreased renal sodium resorption
39
71. The correlation between pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
(PCWP) and left ventricular enddiastolic pressure (LVEDP) as measured by pulmonary artery
catheterization may be adversely
affected by
a.
b.
c.
d.
Aortic stenosis
Aortic regurgitation
Coronary artery disease
Positive-pressure ventilation with
positive end-expiratory pressure/
continuous positive airway pressure (PEEP/CPAP)
e. Bronchospasm
72. Which statement regarding
perioperative risk of stroke in
patients with a past history of
stroke is true?
a. The mortality after postoperative
stroke is high
b. Most postoperative strokes occur
directly after surgery and appear
related to operative events
c. The risk of stroke correlates with
the length of time since previous
stroke
d. General state of health and severity
of illness as measured by ASA classification are significant predictors
of recurrent stroke
e. The risk of stroke correlates with a
history of multiple strokes or poststroke transient ischemic attacks
(TIAs)
40
Surgery
73. An 18-year-old woman develops urticaria and wheezing after an
injection of penicillin. Her blood
pressure is 120/60 mm Hg, heart
rate is 155 beats/min, and respiratory rate is 30 breaths/min. Immediate therapy should include
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Intubation
Epinephrine
Beta blockers
Iodine
Fluid challenge
74. During blood transfusion,
clotting of transfused blood is associated with
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
ABO incompatibility
Minor blood group incompatibility
Rh incompatibility
Transfusion through Ringer’s lactate
Transfusion through 5% dextrose
and water
75. When an arterial blood gas
determination of PCO2 40 kPa is
obtained
a. There is probably a paradoxical
aciduria
b. Alveolar ventilation is adequate
c. Arterial PO2 will indicate the adequacy of alveolar ventilation
d. Arterial PO2 will indicate the degree
of ventilation-perfusion mismatch
e. Arterial PO2 can be safely predicted
to exceed 90 kPa on room air
76. An obese 50-year-old woman
undergoes a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In the recovery room she
is found to be hypotensive and
tachycardic. Her arterial blood
gases reveal a pH of 7.29, partial
pressure of oxygen of 60 kPa, and
partial pressure of CO2 of 54 kPa.
The most likely cause of this
woman’s problem is
a. Acute pulmonary embolism
b. CO2 absorption from induced
pneumoperitoneum
c. Alveolar hypoventilation
d. Pulmonary edema
e. Atelectasis from high diaphragm
77. Among patients who require
nutritional resuscitation in an
intensive care unit, the best evidence that nutritional support is
adequate is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Urinary nitrogen excretion levels
Total serum protein level
Serum albumin level
Serum transferrin levels
Respiratory quotient
78. Paradoxical aciduria (the
excretion of acid urine in the presence of metabolic alkalosis) may
occur in the presence of
a. Release of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
b. Severe crush injury
c. Acute tubular necrosis
d. Gastric outlet obstruction
e. An eosinophilic pituitary adenoma
Critical Care:Anesthesiology, Blood Gases, Respiratory Care
79. If a patient suffered a pulmonary arterial air embolism during an open thoracotomy, the
anesthesiologist’s most likely observation would be
a. Unexpected systemic hypertension
b. Rising right atrial filling pressures
c. Reduced systemic arterial oxygen
saturation
d. Rising systemic CO2 partial pressures
e. Falling end-tidal CO2
80. A 72-year-old man undergoes
resection of an abdominal aneurysm. He arrives in the ICU with
a core temperature of 33°C
(91.4°F) and shivering. The physiologic consequence of the shivering
is
a. Rising mixed venous oxygen saturation
b. Increased production of carbon
dioxide
c. Decreased consumption of oxygen
d. Rising base excess
e. Decreased minute ventilation
81. To prepare for operating on a
patient with a bleeding history
diagnosed as von Willebrand’s disease (recessive), you would give
a. High-purity factor VIII:C concentrates
b. Low-molecular-weight dextran
c. Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
d. Cryoprecipitate
e. Whole blood
41
82. Which of the following clinical
situations is an indication for treatment with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)?
a. A 1-day-old, full-term, anencephalic 4-kg boy suffering from
meconium aspiration syndrome
and hypoxia
b. A 75-year-old man with Alzheimer’s disease, severe pneumonia, and elevated pulmonary
arterial pressure
c. A neonate with a diagnosis of
severe pulmonary hypoplasia who
is in respiratory failure
d. A 5-year-old girl with rhabdomyosarcoma metastatic to the
lungs
e. Preoperatively in a 3-day-old boy
with a congenital diaphragmatic
hernia
83. The accidental aspiration of
gastric contents into the tracheobronchial tree should be initially
treated by
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Tracheal intubation and suctioning
Steroids
Intravenous fluid bolus
Cricothyroidotomy
High positive end-expiratory pressure
42
Surgery
84. In performing a tracheostomy,
authorities agree that
a. The strap muscles should be
divided
b. The thyroid isthmus should be preserved
c. The trachea should be entered at
the second or third cartilaginous
ring
d. Only horizontal incisions should
be used
e. Formal tracheostomy is preferable
to cricothyroidotomy as an emergency procedure
85. If malignant hyperthermia is
suspected intraoperatively
a. Complete the procedure but pretreat with dantrolene prior to future
elective surgery
b. Administer inhalational anesthetic
agents
c. Administer succinylcholine
d. Hyperventilate with 100% oxygen
e. Acidify the urine to prevent myoglobin precipitation in the renal
tubules
86. Central venous pressure (CVP)
may be decreased by
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Pulmonary embolism
Hypervolemia
Positive-pressure ventilation
Pneumothorax
Gram-negative sepsis
87. Characteristics of continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration
(CAVH) in the treatment of surgical
patients with acute renal failure
include
a. CAVH is useful only in hemodynamically stable patients
b. CAVH requires placement of largebore (8 French) arterial and venous
catheters, usually in the femoral
vessels
c. CAVH is not effective in treating
hypervolemia
d. Continuous heparinization of the
patient who undergoes CAVH is
unnecessary
e. During CAVH, blood flow is maintained by a mechanical extracorporeal pump–oxygenator
88. Signs and symptoms of unsuspected Addison’s disease include
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Hypothermia
Hypokalemia
Hyperglycemia
Hyponatremia
Hypervolemia
89. The etiologic factor implicated
in the development of pulmonary
insufficiency following major nonthoracic trauma is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Aspiration
Atelectasis
Fat embolism syndrome
Fluid overload
Pneumonia
Critical Care:Anesthesiology, Blood Gases, Respiratory Care
43
90. For the severely traumatized
patient requiring airway management
93. Correct statements concerning drowning or near-drowning
include which of the following?
a. Awake endotracheal intubation is
indicated in patients with penetrating ocular injury
b. Steroids have been shown to be of
value in the treatment of aspiration
of acidic gastric secretions
c. The stomach may be assumed to be
empty only if a history is obtained
indicating no ingestion of food or
liquid during the prior 8 h
d. Intubation should be performed in
the emergency room if the patient
is unstable
e. Cricothyroidotomy is contraindicated in the presence of maxillofacial injuries
a. The prognosis for recovery of cerebral function in affected persons is
better if submersion occurs in
warm water rather than extremely
cold water
b. A majority of victims will demonstrate a severe metabolic alkalosis
c. Prompt administration of corticosteroids to affected persons has
been shown to decrease the extent
of pulmonary membrane damage
d. Renal damage may occur in
affected persons as a result of
hemoglobinuria
e. The most important initial treatment of drowning victims is emptying the stomach of swallowed water
91. Treatment for clostridial myonecrosis (gas gangrene) includes
which of the following measures?
a. Administration of an antifungal
agent
b. Administration of antitoxin
c. Wide debridement
d. Administration of hyperbaric oxygen
e. Early closure of tissue defects
92. An abnormal ventilationperfusion ratio (Qs/Qr) in the postoperative patient has been associated
with
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Pulmonary thromboembolism
Lower abdominal surgery
Starvation
The upright position
Increased cardiac output
94. Spontaneous retroperitoneal
hemorrhage during anticoagulant
therapy
a. Is best confirmed by bleeding scan
b. Is equally likely with parenteral
and oral anticoagulants
c. May mimic an acute surgical
abdomen
d. Frequently requires laparotomy for
ligation of the bleeding site
e. Is seen in over 30% of patients
receiving long-term anticoagulation
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Surgery
95. Correct statements concerning
smoke inhalation (“smoke poisoning”) include which of the following?
a. Smoke poisoning is a thermal
rather than chemical injury
b. Carbon monoxide levels are not
likely to be elevated unless there is
evidence of skin or oropharyngeal
burns
c. Chest x-rays during the early
postinhalation period show a characteristic “ground glass” appearance
d. Damage to the upper respiratory
tract is common and is usually
found on laryngoscopy
e. Patients with elevated carboxyhemoglobin levels should be hospitalized for a minimum of 24 h
96. Indications for surgical intervention to remove smuggled drug
packets that have been ingested
include
a. Refusal to take high doses of laxatives
b. Refusal to allow endoscopic
retrieval
c. Refusal to allow digital rectal disimpaction
d. Intraintestinal drug packets evident
on abdominal x-ray in an asymptomatic smuggler
e. Signs of toxicity from leaking drug
packets
Critical Care:Anesthesiology, Blood Gases, Respiratory Care
45
DIRECTIONS: Each group of questions below consists of lettered
options followed by numbered items. For each numbered item, select the
appropriate lettered option(s). Each lettered option may be used once,
more than once, or not at all. Choose exactly the number of options
indicated following each item.
Items 97–99
Match the side effects below
with the appropriate anesthetic.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Nitrous oxide (N2O)
Halothane
Methoxyflurane
Enflurane
Morphine
97. Seizures (SELECT 1 AGENT)
98. Decreased peripheral resistance (SELECT 1 AGENT)
99. Possible worsening of distention in bowel obstruction (SELECT 1 AGENT)
Items 100–102
For each clinical problem
described below, select the appropriate methods of physiologic monitoring.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
Arterial catheterization
Central venous catheterization
Pulmonary artery catheterization
Ventilation monitoring
Blood gas monitoring
Intracranial pressure monitoring
Metabolic monitoring
Continuous ECG monitoring
100. A 74-year-old man has a 5-h
elective operation for repair of an
abdominal aortic aneurysm. He
had a small myocardial infarction 3
years earlier. In the ICU on the first
postoperative day, he may be ready
for extubation and is receiving
dobutamine by continuous infusion. (SELECT 5 METHODS)
101. A 22-year-old rugby player is
rushed to the operating room
because of abdominal tenderness,
tachycardia, and hypotension following a collision with another
player. He is otherwise healthy. At
exploration a significant hemoperitoneum is found due to a ruptured
spleen. (SELECT 3 METHODS)
102. A comatose 28-year-old
woman who sustained a depressed
skull fracture in an automobile collision receives enteral nutrition via
a nasoenteric feeding tube. She has
been unconscious for 6 wk. Her
vital signs are stable and she
breathes room air. Following her
initial decompressive craniotomy,
she has returned to the operating
room twice for intracranial bleeding. (SELECT 3 METHODS)
46
Surgery
Items 103–105
For each test listed below, select the coagulation factors whose functions are measured.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
Factor II
Factor V
Factor VII
Factor VIII
Factor IX
Factor X
Factor XI
Factor XII
Platelets
Fibrinogen
103. Prothrombin time (SELECT 5 FACTORS)
104. Partial thromboplastin time (SELECT 8 FACTORS)
105. Bleeding time (SELECT 1 FACTOR)
CRITICAL CARE:
ANESTHESIOLOGY, BLOOD
GASES, RESPIRATORY CARE
Answers
51. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, p 1984.) Although hypoventilation,
incomplete oxygen diffusion, and pulmonary shunts all are causes of
hypoxemia, the most common cause is ventilation-perfusion inequality.
The mismatch of ventilation and blood flow occurs to some degree in the
normal upright lung but may become extreme in the diseased lung. The
three indices used to measure ventilation-perfusion inequality are alveolararterial PO2 difference, physiologic shunt (venous admixture), and alveolar
dead space. Elevated 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) levels shift the
oxygen dissociation curve to the right and thereby augment tissue oxygenation. This elevation does not result in hypoxemia.
52. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 221–225.) Anticipation and early
aggressive treatment of pulmonary insufficiency by mechanical ventilatory
support are critical in managing the seriously ill patient. Readily measured
changes that can be used to determine either the need for intubation or the
appropriate time for weaning from mechanical respiratory support include
arterial blood gas levels, dead space–tidal volume ratio (VD/VT), alveolararterial oxygen tension difference [(A-a)DO2], vital capacity, and respiratory
rate. Indications for mechanical ventilation include a respiratory rate over
35 breaths/min, vital capacity less than 15 mL/kg, (A-a)DO2 greater than
350 kPa after 15 min on 100% oxygen, VD/VT greater than 0.6, PaO2 less
than 60 kPa, and PaCO2 greater than 60 kPa.
53. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 97–98.) Whenever a hemolytic
reaction caused by an incompatible blood transfusion is suspected, the
transfusion should be stopped immediately. A Foley catheter should be
inserted, and hourly urine output should be monitored. Renal damage
caused by precipitation of hemoglobin in the renal tubules is the major
47
48
Surgery
serious consequence of hemolysis. This precipitation is inhibited in an
alkaline environment and is promoted in an acid environment. Stimulating
diuresis with 100 mL of 20% mannitol and alkalinizing the urine with 45
meq sodium bicarbonate intravenously are indicated procedures. Fluid
and potassium intake should be restricted in the presence of severe oliguria
or anuria.
54. The answer is b. (Greenfield, 2/e, p 439.) Nitrous oxide (N2O) has a
low solubility compared with other inhalation anesthetics. Its blood:gas
partition coefficient is 0.47, and it is 30 times more soluble in blood than
is nitrogen (N2). N2O is also the only anesthetic gas less dense than air. As
a result of these properties, N2O may cause progressive distention of airfilled spaces during prolonged anesthesia. This can lead to undesirable situations whenever there is a pneumothorax or intestinal obstruction or
when procedures like pneumoventriculography (in which the intracranial
air space is not free to expand in response to the diffusion of gas into the
ventricles) are performed. In each of these cases the N2O diffuses into the
gas-filled compartment faster than N2 can diffuse out. Since the typical
mixture of ingested air (or pneumothorax air) is 80% N2 and the usual mixture of nitrous oxide anesthetic gas is 80% N2O, rapid increase in the size
of gas-filled chambers with potentially serious consequences may occur.
55. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 693–694.) Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been called “shock lung” or “traumatic wet
lung” and occurs under a variety of circumstances. Clinically, its manifestations can range from minimal dysfunction to unrelenting pulmonary failure. Three major physiologic alterations include (1) hypoxemia usually
unresponsive to elevations of inspired oxygen concentration; (2) decreased
pulmonary compliance, as the lungs become progressively “stiffer” and
harder to ventilate; and (3) decreased functional residual capacity. Progressive alveolar collapse occurs owing to leakage of protein-rich fluid into the
interstitium and the alveolar spaces with the subsequent radiologic picture
of diffuse, fluffy infiltrates bilaterally. Ventilatory abnormalities develop
that result in shunt formation, decreased resting lung volume, and
increased dead space ventilation.
56. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 496–497.) The shape of the oxygen dissociation curve translates into several physiologic advantages. The
Critical Care
Answers
49
relatively flat slope above a PO2 of 50 pKa means that, in this region of the
curve, hemoglobin saturation decreases slightly with decrements in PO2;
loading of oxygen at the alveolar level is therefore affected minimally with
mild to moderate degrees of hypoxemia. The steeper slope at the lower end
of the curve means that, as the hemoglobin becomes desaturated, arterial
PO2 drops only minimally, and a gradient that favors oxygen diffusion into
tissue cells is maintained. Acidosis, a rise in PaCO2, and elevation of temperature all shift the curve to the right, which enhances tissue oxygen uptake.
Red blood cell organic phosphates, particularly 2,3-diphosphoglycerate
(2,3-DPG), also affect the dissociation curve. Banked blood, being low in
2,3-DPG, shifts the curve to the left and therefore decreases tissue oxygen
uptake. 2,3-DPG levels increase with chronic hypoxia. Chronic lung disease, therefore, results in a shift of the curve to the right, which enhances
oxygen delivery to peripheral tissues.
57. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 59–61.) The patient presented in
the question is suffering from acute, life-threatening respiratory acidosis
that has been compounded, if not produced, by the injudicious administration of a central nervous system depressant. While hypoxemia must also
be corrected, the immediate task is to correct the acidosis caused by carbon
dioxide accumulation. Both disturbances can be resolved by skillful endotracheal intubation and by ventilatory support. Sodium bicarbonate and
high-flow nasal oxygen would both be inappropriate. Bicarbonate should
not be administered because buffer reserves are already adequate (serum
bicarbonate is still 34 meq/L based on the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation). Nasal oxygen administration is not warranted because both acidemia
and hypoxemia are themselves potent stimulants to spontaneous ventilation. Headache, confusion, and papilledema are all signs of acute carbon
dioxide retention and do not imply the presence of a structural intracranial
lesion.
58. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 454–455.) Dopamine has a variety of pharmacologic characteristics that make it useful in critically ill
patients. In low doses (1–5 mg/kg/min), dopamine affects primarily the
dopaminergic receptors. Activation of these receptors causes vasodilation
of the renal and mesenteric vasculature and mild vasoconstriction of the
peripheral bed, which thereby redirects blood flow to kidneys and bowel.
At these low doses the net effect on the overall vascular resistance may be
50
Surgery
slight. As the dose rises (2–10 mg/kg/min), β1-receptor activity predominates and the inotropic effect on the myocardium leads to increased cardiac
output and blood pressure. Above 10 mg/kg/min, α-receptor stimulation
causes peripheral vasoconstriction, shifting of blood from extremities to
organs, decreased kidney function, and hypertension. At all doses, the
diastolic blood pressure can be expected to rise; since coronary perfusion
is largely a result of the head of pressure at the coronary ostia, coronary
blood flow should be increased.
59. The answer is d. (Goodnough, Am J Surg 159:602–609, 1990.)
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is harbored in blood leukocytes. CMV infection is
endemic in the United States, and its prevalence increases steadily with
age. While acute CMV infection may cause transient fever, jaundice, and
hepatosplenomegaly in cases of large blood donor exposures, posttransfusion CMV infection (seroconversion) is not a significant clinical problem in
immunocompetent recipients, and therefore blood is not routinely tested
for the presence of CMV. Posttransfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis, however,
not only represents the most frequent infectious complication of transfusion, but is associated with an incidence of chronic active hepatitis up to
16% and an 8–10% incidence of cirrhosis or hepatoma or both. The etiologic agent in over 90% of cases of posttransfusion hepatitis has been identified as hepatitis C.
60. The answer is c. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 81–84.) A ruptured abdominal
aneurysm is a surgical emergency often accompanied by serious hypotension and vascular collapse before surgery and massive fluid shifts with
renal failure after surgery. In this case, all the hemodynamic parameters
indicate inadequate intravascular volume, and the patient is therefore suffering from hypovolemic hypotension. The low urine output indicates
poor renal perfusion, while the high urine specific gravity indicates adequate renal function with compensatory free water conservation. The
administration of a vasopressor agent would certainly raise the blood pressure, but it would do so by increasing peripheral vascular resistance and
thereby further decrease tissue perfusion. The deleterious effects of shock
would be increased. A vasodilating agent to lower the systemic vascular
resistance would lead to profound hypotension and possibly complete vascular collapse because of pooling of an already depleted vascular volume.
This patient’s blood pressure is critically dependent on an elevated systemic
Critical Care
Answers
51
vascular resistance. To properly treat this patient, rapid fluid infusion and
expansion of the intravascular volume must be undertaken. This can be
easily done with lactated Ringer’s solution or blood (or both) until
improvements in such parameters as the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, urine output, and blood pressure are noted.
61. The answer is e. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 84–86.) This patient has developed pump failure due to a combination of preexisting coronary artery
occlusive disease and high preload following a fluid challenge; afterload
remains moderately high as well because of systemic vasoconstriction in
the presence of cardiogenic shock. Poor myocardial performance is
reflected in the low cardiac output and high pulmonary capillary wedge
pressure. Therapy must be directed at increasing cardiac output without
creating too high a myocardial oxygen demand on the already failing heart.
Administration of nitroglycerin could be expected to reduce both preload
and afterload, but if it is given without an inotrope it would create unacceptable hypotension. Nitroprusside similarly would achieve afterload
reduction but would result in hypotension if not accompanied by an
inotropic agent. A beta blocker would act deleteriously by reducing cardiac
contractility and slowing the heart rate in a setting in which cardiac output
is likely to be rate dependent. Dobutamine is a synthetic catecholamine
that is becoming the inotropic agent of choice in cardiogenic shock. As a
β1-adrenergic agonist, it improves cardiac performance in pump failure
both by positive inotropy and peripheral vasodilation. With minimal
chronotropic effect, dobutamine only marginally increases myocardial oxygen demand.
62. The answer is d. (Thoren, Anesth Analg 67:687, 1988.) Thoracic
epidural narcotics have become an increasingly popular means of postoperative pain relief in thoracic and upper abdominal surgery. Local action on
gamma opiate receptors ensures pain relief and consequent improvement
in respiration without vasodilation or paralysis. The less lipid-soluble opiates are effective for long periods. Their slow absorption into the circulation also ensures a low incidence of centrally mediated side effects, such as
respiratory depression or generalized itching. When these do occur, the
intravenous injection of an opiate antagonist is an effective antidote. The
locally mediated analgesia is not affected. One poorly understood side
effect, which is apparently unrelated to systemic levels, is a profound
52
Surgery
reduction in gastric activity. This may be an important consideration after
thoracic surgery when an early resumption of oral intake is anticipated.
63. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 849.) The cardiac index is computed by dividing the cardiac output by the body surface area; the cardiac
output is the product of the stroke volume and the heart rate [CI =
CO/BSA; CO = SV × HR; therefore, CI = (SV × HR)/BSA]. An increased
heart rate will directly increase the cardiac output and cardiac index. The
remaining choices in the question will either decrease or not affect the
stroke volume and consequently will not increase the cardiac index.
64. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1452–1454.) The development of
acute postoperative cholecystitis is an increasingly recognized complication of the severe illnesses that precipitate admissions to the intensive care
unit. The causes are obscure but probably lead to a common final pathway
of gallbladder ischemia. The diagnosis is often extremely difficult because
the signs and symptoms may be those of occult sepsis. Moreover, the
patients are often intubated, sedated, or confused as a consequence of the
other therapeutic or medical factors. Biochemical tests, though frequently
revealing abnormal liver function, are nonspecific and nondiagnostic. Bedside ultrasonography is usually strongly suggestive of the diagnosis when a
thickened gallbladder wall or pericholecystic fluid is present, but radiologic findings may also be nondiagnostic. If the diagnosis is delayed, mortality and morbidity are very high. Percutaneous drainage of the gallbladder
is usually curative of acalculous cholecystitis and affords stabilizing palliation if calculous cholecystitis is present. Some authors have recommended
prophylactic percutaneous drainage of the gallbladder under CT guidance
in any ICU patient who is failing to thrive or has other signs of low-grade
sepsis after appropriate therapy for the primary illness has been provided.
The distractor items in the question are all either too aggressive to be safely
done in critically ill patients or too cautious for a patient with a potentially
fatal complication.
65–67. The answers are 65-b, 66-b, 67-d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 115–120.)
The case presented is most consistent with septic shock from a postoperative intraabdominal abscess. In the early phase of septic shock the respiratory profile is characterized by mild hypoxia with a compensatory
hyperventilation and respiratory alkalosis. Hemodynamically, a hyperdy-
Critical Care
Answers
53
namic state is seen with an increase in cardiac output and a decrease in
peripheral vascular resistance in the face of relatively normal central pressures. Initial therapy is aimed at resuscitation and stabilization. This
includes fluid replacement and vasopressors as well as antibiotic therapy
aimed particularly at gram-negative rods and anaerobes for patients with
presumed intraabdominal collections, especially after bowel surgery.
Laparotomy and drainage of a collection is the definitive therapy but
should await stabilization of the patient and confirmation of the presence
and location of such a collection.
68. The answer is c. (Charlson, Ann Surg 210:637–648, 1989.) The landmark study by Goldman in 1978 identified cardiac risk factors in noncardiac surgical patients that included previous infarction (particularly
infarction within 6 mo, but with increased risk continuing for life), functional impairment such as dyspnea on exertion, age over 70 years, mitral
regurgitation, more than five premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)
per minute, and a tortuous or calcified aorta. Angina alone was not a risk
factor. Subsequent studies by others have differed regarding the importance of several of these factors, which probably reflects different comorbid
characteristics in the study populations (e.g., diabetes and hypertension).
Additional predictors of perioperative cardiac risk that achieved significance in some studies but not in others include cardiomegaly, upper
abdominal or intrathoracic surgery, and intraoperative hypotension.
69. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 681.) The maximal safe total dose
of lidocaine administered to a 70-kg man is 4.5 mg/kg, or approximately
30–35 mL of a 1% solution. The addition of epinephrine to lidocaine,
procaine, or bupivacaine not only doubles the duration of infiltration
anesthesia, but increases by one-third the maximal safe total dose by
decreasing the rate of absorption of drug into the bloodstream.
Epinephrine-containing solutions should not, however, be injected into
tissues supplied by end arteries (e.g., fingers, toes, ears, nose, penis).
Hypersensitivity to local anesthetics is uncommon and occurs most
prominently with anesthetics of the ester type (procaine, tetracaine).
While small nerve fibers seem to be most susceptible to the action of local
anesthetics, these agents act on any part of the nervous system and on
every type of nerve fiber. CNS toxicity usually appears as stimulation
followed by depression, probably because of an early selective depression
54
Surgery
of inhibitory neurons; with a massive overdose, all neurons may be
depressed simultaneously.
70. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 103–113.) Acute hemorrhage
triggers the potent vasopressor activity of both angiotensin and vasopressin
to increase blood flow to the heart and brain via selective vasoconstriction
of the skin, kidneys, and splanchnic organs. Adrenergic discharge also
results in selective vasoconstriction of skin, renal, and splanchnic vessels.
Myocardial contractility and heart rate are increased, with a resultant
increased cardiac output. Hyperventilation is the typical response to the
metabolic (lactic) acidosis associated with hemorrhagic shock and hypoperfusion. Aldosterone release, with subsequent increased renal sodium
resorption, is mediated by angiotensin II and ACTH, which prevents further intravascular depletion.
71. The answer is e. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 195–197.) When a Swan-Ganz
pulmonary artery catheter is in the wedge position, i.e., isolating the pulmonary arterial system from the pulmonary capillaries, the measured pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) is usually equivalent to both the
left atrial pressure (LAP) and the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure
(LVEDP). Pathologic processes in the pulmonary vasculature and heart
valves, however, may alter this relationship. Pulmonary vasoocclusive disease may elevate the PCWP independently of the LAP or LVEDP. Bronchospasm affecting the airway but not the pulmonary vasculature should
not affect the validity of Swan-Ganz catheter readings. Mitral stenosis and
regurgitation cause increased LAP and PCWP, which result in an overestimated LVEDP. However, aortic stenosis and regurgitation elevate the PCWP,
LAP, and LVEDP equally. Accurate measurement of PCWP by a Swan-Ganz
catheter may not be possible in the presence of positive airway pressure
with PEEP/CPAP; transmission of the positive airway pressure to the pulmonary microvasculature via the alveoli, especially in the upper lung
zones, results in measurement of alveolar pressure rather than LAP or
LVEDP. Coronary artery disease does not affect the relationship between
PCWP, LAP, and LVEDP.
72. The answer is a. (Landercasper, Arch Surg 125:986–989, 1990.) In an
8-year, retrospective study of 173 consecutive patients with a documented
medical history of stroke who underwent subsequent general anesthesia
Critical Care
Answers
55
and surgery (excluding cardiac, cerebrovascular, and neurological surgery),
5 patients (2.9%) had documented postoperative strokes from 3 to 21 days
(mean 12.2 days) after surgery. The risk of stroke did not correlate with
age, sex, history of multiple strokes or poststroke transient ischemic attacks
(TIAs), ASA classification, aspirin use, coronary artery disease, peripheral
vascular disease, intraoperative blood pressure, time since previous stroke,
or cause of previous stroke. The risk of recurrent stroke appears to be comparable with that of surgical patients who do not have a history of prior
stroke and are undergoing cardiac and peripheral vascular surgery. Most
recurrent strokes occur many hours to days following surgery and do not
appear to be directly related to operative events. The mortality after postoperative stroke is high.
73. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 211–212.) This patient is having
an anaphylactoid reaction with destabilization of the cardiovascular and
respiratory systems. Anaphylactoid reactions are most commonly caused
by iodinated contrast media, β-lactam antibiotics (e.g., penicillin), and
Hymenoptera stings. Manifestations of anaphylactoid reactions include
both the lethal (bronchospasm, laryngospasm, hypotension, dysrhythmia)
and the nonlethal (pruritus, urticaria, syncope, weakness, and seizure).
Epinephrine is the initial treatment for laryngeal obstruction and bronchospasm, followed by histamine antagonists (H1 and H2 blockers), aminophylline, and hydrocortisone. Vasopressors and fluid challenges may be
given for shock. Conscious patients are usually stabilized with injected or
inhaled epinephrine, while unconscious patients and those with refractory
hypotension or hypoxia should be intubated.
74. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 97–98.) Most transfusion reactions are hemolytic and are due to clerical errors that result in administration of blood with major (ABO) and minor antigen incompatibility.
Interestingly, Rh incompatibility is not associated with intravascular
hemolysis. Administration of blood through hypotonic solutions such as
5% dextrose and water results in swelling of the erythrocytes and hemolysis. Calcium-containing solutions such as Ringer’s lactate cause clotting
within the intravenous line rather than hemolysis and may lead to pulmonary embolism. Delayed transfusion reactions, caused by a presumed
anamnestic immune response that occurs 3–21 days after blood is infused,
result in a hemolytic anemia.
56
Surgery
75. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 494–496.) Because of the highly
efficient diffusion characteristics of the gas carbon dioxide, PaCO2 levels are
reliable indicators of adequacy of alveolar ventilation. A PaCO2 of 40 kPa is
the normal value. Paradoxical aciduria occurs when hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis is present as the kidney excretes hydrogen ion in an effort to
conserve potassium ion. Though a PaCO2 of 40 kPa is not incompatible with
metabolic alkalosis, it would ordinarily be higher as the patient tries to conserve carbolic acid by hypoventilating to compensate. PaO2 levels are influenced by so many other variables (e.g., age, concentration of inspired O2,
altitude) that no inferences can be made about adequacy of alveolar ventilation from PaO2 alone, nor can PaO2 be safely predicted by the presence of
normocarbia. The ventilation-perfusion mismatch is a reflection of the gradient between alveolar and arterial oxygen tension in relationship to percentage of inspired O2.
76. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 494–496.) Because of the ease
with which carbon dioxide diffuses across the alveolar membranes, the
PaCO2 is a highly reliable indicator of alveolar ventilation. In this postoperative patient with respiratory acidosis and hypoxemia, the hypercarbia is
diagnostic of alveolar hypoventilation. Acute hypoxemia can occur with
pulmonary embolism, pulmonary edema, and significant atelectasis, but in
all those situations the CO2 partial pressures should be normal or reduced
as the patient hyperventilates to improve oxygenation. The absorption of
gas from the peritoneal cavity may affect transiently the PaCO2, but should
have no effect on oxygenation.
77. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 36–46.) The serum albumin level
provides a rough estimate of protein nutritional adequacy. The accuracy of
this estimate is affected by the long half-life of albumin (3 wk) and vagaries
of hemodilution. The acute-phase serum proteins have a very short half-life
(hours) and may also provide good short-term indications of nutritional
status. Transferrin is one of these acute-phase proteins, but unfortunately
its levels too are influenced by changes in intravascular volume and, along
with the other acute-phase reactants, rise nonspecifically during acute illness. All the listed responses provide some useful information about nutrition and adequacy of replacement.
78. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 60–62.) The body has elaborate
mechanisms to compensate for metabolic acidosis. Not only do most body
Critical Care
Answers
57
functions work better in an acidotic state, the patient is able to move
toward correction of the pH by excreting acid urine and by hyperventilating to “blow off” carbonic acid. On the other hand, we are poorly equipped
to deal with metabolic alkalosis. We cannot hold our breath to save acid
since the respiratory center overrides our efforts as the PaCO2 rises and the
PaO2 falls. The kidney cannot make urine under any circumstance that is
very far above normal pH. In the subtraction alkalosis that accompanies
gastric outlet obstruction with loss of gastric acid by vomiting or suction,
the potassium depletion and volume deficits provoke exchange of sodium
for hydrogen ion in the distal tubule with resultant exacerbation of the
metabolic alkalosis. All the other conditions listed would be expected to
produce acidosis; consequently, acid urine would not be paradoxical.
79. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 159–161.) Air carried into the
pulmonary arterial vasculature creates an abnormal blood-air interface that
leads to denaturing of plasma proteins and creates amorphous proteinaceous and cellular debris and endothelial injury. The ensuing increased
capillary permeability results in alveolar flooding. The occlusion of pulmonary vessels increases the proportion of ventilated but underperfused
alveoli. The increment in dead space results in a drop in end-tidal carbon
dioxide.
80. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 447.) Shivering is the physiologic
effort of the body to generate heat to maintain the core temperature. In
healthy persons, shivering increases the metabolic rate by 3–5 times and
results in increased oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production.
In critically ill patients these metabolic consequences are almost always
counterproductive and should be prevented with other means employed to
correct systemic hypothermia. In the presence of vigorous shivering, oxygen debt in the muscles and lactic acidemia develop.
81. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 78–84.) von Willebrand disease is
similar to true hemophilia in frequency of occurrence. It is being diagnosed
more commonly today because of more reliable assays for factor VIII. This
autosomal dominant disorder (recessive transmission can occur) is characterized by a diminution in factor VIII:C (procoagulant) activity. The reduction in activity is not as great as in classic hemophilia, and the clinical
manifestations are more subtle. These manifestations are often overlooked
until an episode of trauma or surgery makes them apparent. Treatment
58
Surgery
requires correcting the bleeding time and providing factor VIII R:WF (the
von Willebrand factor). Only cryoprecipitate is reliably effective. Highpurity factor VIII:C concentrates, effective in hemophilia, lack the von
Willebrand factor and are, consequently, undependable.
82. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, 1720–1721.) Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a form of cardiopulmonary support that is
useful in the setting of potentially reversible pulmonary or cardiac disease.
Treatment of meconium aspiration syndrome, sepsis, pneumonia, and congenital diaphragmatic hernia (pre- or postoperatively) are thus appropriate
uses. The technique is also applicable in some circumstances as a bridge to
cardiac or lung transplantation since the outlook for survival is quite good
if the child can be maintained in a good physiological state until donor
organs are available. Hypoplastic lungs do not have enough surface area to
perform adequate gas exchange and are unlikely to mature to a point where
they can sustain life. Babies with hypoplastic lungs will be bypass dependent for life and consequently are not candidates for institution of ECMO
therapy.
83. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 458.) Gastric aspiration is best
treated by tracheal suctioning, oxygen, and positive-pressure ventilation.
Bronchoscopy is helpful if particulate matter is causing bronchial obstruction or if the vomitus is found to contain particulate material. Bronchial
lavage is no longer recommended, and steroids have not been shown to be
of value. Fluids should be given sparingly because hypervolemia will
worsen the risk of pulmonary edema following aspiration. Tracheostomy
may be indicated for long-term airway management in obtunded or otherwise severely debilitated patients; however, initial control of the airway
should be by orotracheal intubation whenever possible. High positive endexpiratory pressure is not required unless respiratory failure develops.
84. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 156.) Although tracheostomy is
occasionally an emergency procedure, it can be more effectively performed
in an operating room where hemostasis and antisepsis are readily achieved.
Most authorities recommend a horizontal incision; however, limited direct
midline incisions have the advantage of not opening any unnecessary tissue planes and perhaps reducing the incidence of bleeding complications.
Both approaches have advocates. In either case, the skin incision is made
Critical Care
Answers
59
just below the cricoid cartilage, the strap muscles are spared and retracted,
the thyroid isthmus is divided if necessary, and the trachea is entered at the
second tracheal ring. The second and third tracheal rings are incised vertically, allowing placement of the tracheostomy tube. The first tracheal ring
and the cricoid cartilage must be left intact.
85. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 448, 499.) The cause of malignant
hyperthermia is unknown, but it is associated with inhalational anesthetic
agents and succinylcholine. It may develop in an otherwise healthy person
who has tolerated previous surgery without incident. It should be suspected in the presence of a history of unexplained fever, muscle or connective tissue disorder, or a positive family history (evidence suggests an
autosomal dominant inheritance pattern). In addition to fever during anesthesia, the syndrome includes tachycardia, increased O2 consumption,
increased CO2 production, increased serum K+, myoglobinuria, and acidosis. Rigidity rather than relaxation following succinylcholine injection may
be the first clue to its presence. Treatment of malignant hyperthermia
should include prompt conclusion of the operative procedure and cessation of anesthesia, hyperventilation with 100% oxygen, and administration
of intravenous dantrolene. The urine should be alkalinized to protect the
kidneys from myoglobin precipitation. If reoperation is necessary, one
should premedicate heavily, alkalinize the urine, and avoid depolarizing
agents such as succinylcholine. Pretreatment for 24 h with dantrolene is
helpful; it is thought to act directly on muscle fiber to attenuate calcium
release.
86. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 487–493.) Determination of CVP
is an integral part of the overall hemodynamic assessment of the patient.
This pressure can be affected by a variety of factors including those of cardiac, noncardiac, and artifactual origin. Venous tone, right ventricular
compliance, intrathoracic pressure, and blood volume all influence CVP.
Vasoconstrictor drugs, positive pressure, ventilation (with and without
PEEP), mediastinal compression, and hypervolemia all increase CVP. Acute
pulmonary embolism, when clinically significant, elevates CVP by causing
right ventricular overload and increased right atrial pressure. Sepsis, on the
other hand, decreases CVP through both the release of vasodilatory mediators and the loss of intravascular plasma volume due to increased capillary
permeability.
60
Surgery
87. The answer is b. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 238–239.) Continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration (CAVH) is a relatively new method of therapy for
acute renal failure in the intensive care unit. Continuous blood flow is
maintained by the hydrostatic pressure gradient between an inflowing arterial cannula and the venous cannula that returns blood to the patient. The
blood passes through an extracorporeal membrane, which clears an ultrafiltrate up to 12 L per day. This volume is replaced with an intravenous
solution at a rate that achieves the desired fluid balance. CAVH in the surgical patient with acute renal failure allows a slow and continuous removal
of fluid and is particularly advantageous in the volume-overloaded patient.
Unlike traditional hemodialysis, it can be used over a wide range of blood
pressures in the unstable patient. Solutes (such as urea nitrogen and potassium) that are not in the replacement intravenous fluid are also cleared.
The main complications associated with CAVH relate to vascular access
problems: arterial thrombosis, aneurysm, fistula formation, and infection.
Anticoagulation, with the concomitant bleeding risks, must be maintained
to prevent thrombosis of the filter and cannulae. The potential for electrolyte imbalance during long-term CAVH requires careful monitoring.
88. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 204–205.) Clinical manifestations of adrenocortical insufficiency include hyperkalemia, hyponatremia,
hypoglycemia, fever, weight loss, and dehydration. There is excessive
sodium loss in the urine, contraction of the plasma volume, and perhaps
hypotension or shock. Classic hyperpigmentation is present in chronic
Addison’s disease only. Addison’s disease may present in newborns as a
congenital atrophy, as an insidious chronic state often due to tuberculosis,
as an acute dysfunction secondary to trauma or adrenal hemorrhage, or as
a semiacute adrenal insufficiency seen during stress or surgery. In this last
instance, signs and symptoms include nausea, lassitude, vomiting, fever,
progressive salt wasting, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia. It may be confirmed by measurements of urinary Na+ loss and absence of response to
ACTH.
89. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 693–694.) Posttraumatic pulmonary insufficiency in the absence of significant thoracic trauma has been
attributed to a wide variety of etiologic agents, including aspiration, simple
atelectasis, lung contusion, fat embolism, pneumonia, pneumothorax, pulmonary edema, and pulmonary thromboembolism. In a landmark mono-
Critical Care
Answers
61
graph entitled Respiratory Distress Syndrome of Shock and Trauma, Blaisdell
and Lewis identified fat embolism syndrome as the etiologic factor. The
mechanism of this condition appears to be pulmonary alveolar injury due
to the mobilization of free fatty acids in the blood as an adrenergic response
to trauma, rather than pulmonary injury from embolization of fat globules
from fractured bones, as was originally thought.
90. The answer is d. (Sabiston, 15/e, p 296.) Securing a stable airway is
one of the most fundamental and important aspects of the management of
the severely injured patient. The level of control required will vary from a
simple oropharyngeal airway to tracheostomy, depending on the clinical
situation. Full control of the airway should be secured in the emergency
room if the patient is unstable. Endotracheal intubation will usually be the
method chosen, but one should be prepared to do a tracheotomy if
attempts at peroral or pernasal intubation are failing or are impractical
because of maxillofacial injuries. The most dangerous period is just prior to
and during the initial attempts to get control of the airway. Manipulation of
the oronasopharynx may provoke combative behavior or vomiting in a
patient already confused by drugs, alcohol, hypoxia, or cerebral trauma.
The risk of aspiration is high during these initial attempts, and one should
make no assumptions about the state of the contents of the patient’s stomach. Antacids are recommended just prior to the intubation attempt, if feasible. Although steroids have been recommended in the past, they are no
longer considered of value in the management of aspiration of acidic gastric juice. The best management requires prevention of the complication of
aspiration. In a reasonably cooperative patient, awake intubation with topical anesthesia may help to avoid some of the risks of hypotension, arrhythmia, and aspiration associated with the induction of anesthesia. If awake
intubation is inappropriate, then an alternative is rapid-sequence induction
with a thiobarbiturate followed by muscle paralysis with succinylcholine. If
elevated intracranial pressure is suspected, or if a penetrating eye injury
exists, awake intubation is contraindicated.
91. The answer is c. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 269–270.) Necrotizing skin and
soft tissue infections may produce insoluble gases (hydrogen, nitrogen,
methane) through anaerobic bacterial metabolism. While the term “gas
gangrene” has come to imply clostridial infection, gas in tissues is more
likely not to be due to Clostridium species but rather to other facultative and
62
Surgery
obligate anaerobes, particularly streptococci. Though fungi have also been
implicated, they are less often associated with rapidly progressive infections. Treatment for necrotizing soft tissue infections includes repeated
wide debridement, with wound reconstruction delayed until a stable,
viable wound surface has been established. The use of hyperbaric oxygen
in the treatment of gas gangrene remains controversial, due to lack of
proven benefit, difficulty in transporting critically ill patients to hyperbaric
facilities, and the risk of complications. Antitoxin has neither a prophylactic nor a therapeutic role in the treatment of myonecrosis.
92. The answer is a. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 1798–1799.) Abnormalities of
ventilation-perfusion ratio result from the shunting of blood to a hypoventilated lung or from the ventilation of hypoperfused regions of lung tissue.
When this imbalance is extreme, as following massive pulmonary
thromboembolism, the effect is life-threatening hypoxemia. Other common predisposing factors in the postoperative patient that contribute to
this maldistribution include the assumption of a supine position, thoracic
and upper abdominal incisions, obesity, atelectasis, and reduced cardiac
output.
93. The answer is d. (Shoemaker, 2/e, pp 39–41.) The metabolic and
physiologic effects of drowning and near-drowning depend upon variables
that include fluid temperature, extent of aspiration, and whether the aspirate is fresh water or sea water. Cold-water submersion decreases oxygen
consumption and results in preferential shunting of blood flow to the heart
and brain. This shunting prolongs the period of submersion that can be
endured without irreversible cerebral damage. Return of normal cerebral
function after as long as 40 min of submersion in extremely cold water has
been reported. One should also remember that cooling below 30°C (86°F)
often causes cardiac arrhythmias. Ten percent of affected patients do not
aspirate fluid but succumb to asphyxia because of breath holding or
laryngospasm. Seventy percent have a significant metabolic acidosis requiring administration of sodium bicarbonate. Significant electrolyte and blood
volume changes may or may not be present, depending on the degree of
aspiration and toxicity of the fluid medium. Renal damage may occur as a
result of hemoglobinuria (from hemolysis), acidosis, hypoxia, or changes
in renal blood flow. The most important initial treatment of drowning victims is ventilation. Mouth-to-mouth or mouth-to-nose ventilation should
Critical Care
Answers
63
be begun as soon as possible. Corticosteroids and prophylactic antibiotics
are not recommended for the prevention of pulmonary complications.
However, some workers feel that steroids may be of value in managing the
complication of cerebral edema.
94. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 95–98.) Major hemorrhage that
requires the termination of anticoagulant therapy occurs in up to 15% of
anticoagulated patients. Spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage constitutes a small subset of such cases and can be a fatal complication. Heparin
is much more frequently associated with spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage than are oral agents. Advanced patient age and poor regulation of
coagulation times also increase the likelihood of bleeding complications.
Most cases of retroperitoneal hemorrhage present with flank pain and signs
of peritoneal irritations suggestive of an acute intraabdominal process. CT
scans are most useful in confirming the diagnosis and following the course
of the bleeding. Successful management is usually nonoperative and consists of the discontinuation of anticoagulants, administration of vitamin K
or protamine, possible transfusion of clotting factors, and repletion of
intravascular volume with intravenous fluids.
95. The answer is e. (Pruitt, J Trauma 30:363–368, 1990.) Smoke inhalation injuries (“smoke poisoning”) and asphyxia account for almost onethird of all fire fatalities. As opposed to respiratory burns, which are
thermal injuries of the upper respiratory tract, smoke inhalation is a chemical injury to the distal tracheobronchial tree and alveoli. Most patients
admitted for this injury have elevated carbon monoxide levels, but a
minority will have physical evidence of skin burns (20%) or of oropharyngeal burns (25%). Visible damage to the respiratory tract is not a frequent
finding. Chest films initially are often negative even in those patients who
subsequently develop respiratory failure from pulmonary edema or pneumonitis. Patients with elevated carboxyhemoglobin levels or evidence of
smoke inhalation should be hospitalized for a minimum of 24 h for observation regardless of normal arterial blood gases and chest x-ray.
96. The answer is e. (Robinson, Surgery 113:709–711, 1993.) Some drug
smugglers, often called “body packers” or “mules,” ingest cocaine- or
heroin-filled packets and retrieve them at a later date from their stools. The
drugs are usually contained in latex or plastic packets. Rupture or leakage
64
Surgery
of even one bag carries the risk of severe toxicity and death. Although conservative medical management with moderate doses of laxatives is usually
safe in stable body packers, close physiologic monitoring is necessary until
all packets are passed. High doses of laxatives, digital rectal disimpaction,
or endoscopic removal create a high risk of rupture of the bags and therefore are generally discouraged. Emergency surgery is indicated when complications develop.
97–99. The answers are 97-d, 98-e, 99-a. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 438–443.)
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a frequently used inhalation analgesic. However,
because the minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) is so high
(over 100), true anesthesia at 1 atm pressure cannot be obtained without
compromising oxygen delivery to the patient. Since nitrous oxide is 30
times more soluble than nitrogen in blood, it enters a collection of trapped
air at a rate faster than that at which nitrogen leaves the collection. Thus,
the trapped air will increase in volume. If the trapped air is a result of
bowel obstruction, intestinal distention will increase.
Halothane is a very potent anesthetic with an MAC of 0.75. Cardiovascular depression results from a number of different mechanisms.
Hypotension and decreased cardiac output have been associated with a
direct depression of myocardial muscle fibers and peripheral vascular
smooth muscle fibers. An effect on the medullary vasomotor centers as well
as on sympathetic ganglionic transmissions to the heart has been reported.
Enflurane is a halogenated inhalation anesthetic with an MAC of 1.2.
It is similar to halothane in its anesthetic characteristics. However, in a
small number of normal patients it may induce electroencephalographic
changes similar to those seen in epilepsy.
Methoxyflurane is the most potent and least volatile halogenated
inhalation anesthetic, with an MAC of 0.16. Its clinical use has been curtailed because of the high risk of nephrotoxicity of the free fluoride ions
released during its biodegradation.
Morphine is a potent narcotic agent. Its use during general anesthesia
can potentiate the analgesic effects of the inhalation agents. It causes histamine release with the risk of hypotension if given in a large bolus dose.
100–102. The answers are 100-a, c, d, e, h; 101-b, d, h; 102-f, g, h.
(Schwartz, 7/e, pp 485–507.) The decision to extubate an elderly patient
after major abdominal vascular surgery depends on accurate assessment of
hemodynamic and respiratory factors. Adding to the complexity of this
Critical Care
Answers
65
particular patient is his past history of cardiac disease and his need for
inotropic support. Ventilatory and blood gas monitoring will determine
whether the patient can be weaned from the respirator. Continuous blood
pressure monitoring via arterial catheterization and pulmonary artery
catheter readings will enable the responsible physicians to assess volume
status and the ongoing need for inotropic support, both critical in the fluid
management of a patient about to be extubated. Continuous ECG monitoring is essential for this patient because of the high incidence of perioperative cardiac arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation, following
surgery in which large fluid shifts are anticipated.
Conversely, an otherwise healthy young patient who is discovered to
have a ruptured spleen during emergency laparotomy is unlikely to require
prolonged intubation beyond the time of surgery. Nor is he likely to require
hemodynamic support in the form of pressors or inotropes, since his problem is one of pure volume loss (blood), which can be met with rapid colloid and crystalloid administration in the operating room. Consequently,
this patient may be managed with a central venous catheter (or even a
large-bore peripheral catheter, if one can be placed quickly) and ECG and
ventilatory monitoring during his operative procedure. If his hemorrhage is
successfully controlled, early discontinuation of physiologic monitoring
can be anticipated.
Chronically ill patients, such as brain-injured patients in vegetative
states, require nutritional monitoring insofar as they are unable to articulate their nutritional needs. Caloric expenditure may be calculated to a
modest degree of accuracy using noninvasive methods based on body surface area, age, and sex (Harris-Benedict equation). More accurate assessment, particularly appropriate in disease states where metabolic activity is
accelerated, can be made using measurements of oxygen consumption and
carbon dioxide production. A patient who has suffered blunt head trauma
requiring repeated surgeries for intracranial bleeding will likely be monitored with an intracranial pressure device. Other indications for intracranial pressure monitoring include subarachnoid hemorrhage, hydrocephalus,
postcraniotomy, and Reye syndrome. ECG monitoring may also be helpful
in this setting, as increasing intracranial pressure may be presaged by
bradycardia.
103–105. The answers are 103-a, b, c, f, j; 104-a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h;
105-i. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 88–90.) Prothrombin time measures the speed of
coagulation in the extrinsic pathway. A tissue source of procoagulant
66
Surgery
(thromboplastin) with calcium is added to plasma. The test will detect deficiencies in factors II, V, VII, X, and fibrinogen and is used to monitor
patients receiving coumarin derivatives. However, even small amounts of
heparin will artificially prolong the clotting time, so that accurate prothrombin times can only be obtained when the patient has not received
heparin for at least 5 h.
The intrinsic pathway is measured by the partial thromboplastin time.
This test is sensitive for defects in factors VIII, IX, XI, XII, and all the factors of the extrinsic pathway and is used to monitor the status of patients
on heparin.
The bleeding time assesses the interaction of platelets and the formation of the platelet plug. Therefore it will pick up deficiencies in both qualitative and quantitative platelet function. Ingestion of aspirin within 1 wk
of the test will alter the result.
The thrombin time assesses qualitative abnormalities in fibrinogen and
the presence of inhibitors to fibrin polymerization. A standard amount of
fibrin is added to a fixed volume of plasma and clotting time is measured.
SKIN:WOUNDS,
INFECTIONS, BURNS;
HANDS; PLASTIC SURGERY
Questions
DIRECTIONS: Each item below contains a question or incomplete
statement followed by suggested responses. Select the one best response to
each question.
106. Wasting of the intrinsic muscles of the hand can be expected to
follow injury of the
108. With regard to wound healing, which one of the following
statements is correct?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a. Collagen content reaches a maximum at approximately 1 wk after
injury
b. Monocytes are essential for normal
wound healing
c. Fibroblasts appear in the wound
within 24–36 h after the injury
d. The function of the monocyte in
wound healing is limited to phagocytosis of bacteria and debris
e. Early in wound healing, type I collagen is predominant
Ulnar nerve
Radial nerve
Brachial nerve
Axillary nerve
Thenar and hypothenar nerves
107. Although wide surgical excision is the traditional treatment for
malignant melanoma, narrow excision of thin (less than 1 mm deep)
stage I melanomas has been found
to be equally safe and effective
when the margin of resection is as
small as
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
3 mm
5 mm
1 cm
3 cm
5 cm
67
Terms of Use
68
Surgery
Items 109–110
109. While you are on duty in the
emergency room, a 12-year-old
boy arrives with pain and inflammation over the ball of his left foot
and red streaks extending up the
inner aspect of his leg. He remembers removing a wood splinter
from the sole of his foot on the previous day. The most likely infecting
organism is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Clostridium perfingens
Clostridium tetani
Staphylococcus
Escherichia coli
Streptococcus
110. The appropriate antibiotic to
prescribe while awaiting specific
culture verification is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Penicillin
Erythromycin
Tetracycline
Azathioprine
Cloxacillin
111. Proper treatment for frostbite
consists of
a. Debridement of the affected part
followed by silver sulfadiazine
dressings
b. Administration of corticosteroids
c. Administration of vasodilators
d. Immersion of the affected part in
water at 40–44°C (104–111.2°F)
e. Rewarming of the affected part at
room temperature
112. The true statement regarding
tendon injuries in the hand is
a. Flexor digitorum superficialis
inserts on the distal phalanx
b. Flexor digitorum profundus inserts
on the middle phalanx
c. The tendons of flexor digitorum
superficialis arise from a common
muscle belly
d. The best results for repair of a
flexor tendon are obtained with
injuries in the fibro-osseous tunnel
(zone 2)
e. The process of healing a tendon
injury involves formation of a
tenoma
113. Which one of the following
cases is considered a cleancontaminated wound?
a. Open cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis
b. Herniorrhaphy with mesh repair
c. Lumpectomy with axillary node
dissection
d. Appendectomy with walled-off abscess
e. Gunshot wound to the abdomen
with injuries to the small bowel and
sigmoid colon
Skin:Wounds, Infections, Burns; Hands; Plastic Surgery
114. A 45-year-old woman undergoes an uneventful laparoscopic
cholecystectomy for which she
receives one dose of cephalosporin.
One week later, she returns to the
emergency room with fever, nausea, and copious diarrhea and is
subsequently diagnosed with
pseudomembranous colitis. With
respect to this disease, which one of
the following statements is correct?
a. Surgical intervention is frequently
required
b. After appropriate antibiotic therapy, the relapse rate is less than 5%
c. Tissue culture assay for Clostridium
difficile toxin B is neither sensitive
nor specific; therefore diagnosis
should be based on clinical findings
d. If surgery is performed, a left hemicolectomy is usually adequate to
treat pseudo-membranous colitis
e. Indications for surgical treatment
include intractable disease, failure
of medical therapy, toxic megacolon, and colonic perforation
69
115. A 60-year-old woman presents with the skin lesion shown
below, which had been present for
10 years. She reported a history of
radiation treatments to that hand
for “eczema.” Correct statements
concerning this lesion include
a. It is more malignant than basal cell
carcinoma
b. It occurs more frequently in
brunettes
c. It rarely metastasizes to regional
lymph nodes
d. It should be treated by radiation
therapy
e. It is rarely associated with chronic
sun exposure
70
Surgery
Items 116–117
116. A 25-year-old man is brought
to the emergency room after sustaining burns during a fire in his
apartment. He has blistering and
erythema of his face, left upper
extremity, and chest with frank
charring of his right upper extremity. He is agitated, hypotensive, and
tachycardiac. Which one of the following statements concerning this
patient’s initial wound management
is correct?
a. Topical antibiotics should not be
used, as they will encourage growth
of resistant organisms
b. Early excision of facial and hand
burns is especially important
c. Escharotomy should only be performed if neurologic impairment is
imminent
d. Excision of areas of third-degree or
of deep second-degree burns usually takes place 3–7 days after
injury
e. Split-thickness skin grafts over the
eschar of third-degree burns should
be performed immediately in order
to prevent fluid loss
117. Which one of the following
statements regarding the above
burn patient is correct?
a. High-dose penicillin should be
administered prophylactically
b. Tetanus prophylaxis is not necessary if the patient has been immunized in the previous 3 years
c. This burn can be estimated at 60%
total body surface area using the
“rule of nines”
d. The most sensitive indicator of adequacy of fluid resuscitation is heart
rate
e. This patient should undergo immediate intubation for airway protection and oxygen administration
118. True statements regarding
squamous cell carcinoma of the lip
include
a. The lesion often arises in areas of
persistent hyperkeratosis
b. More than 90% of cases occur on
the upper lip
c. The lesion constitutes 30% of all
cancers of the oral cavity
d. Radiotherapy is considered inappropriate treatment for these lesions
e. Initially metastases are to the ipsilateral posterior cervical lymph
nodes
Skin:Wounds, Infections, Burns; Hands; Plastic Surgery
119. Which of the following statements regarding carpal tunnel syndrome is correct?
a. It is rarely secondary to trauma
b. It may be associated with pregnancy
c. It most often causes dysesthesia during waking hours
d. It is often associated with vascular
compromise
e. Surgical treatment involves release
of the extensor retinaculum
120. Which of the following is
true with regard to wound contraction?
a. It is the primary process affecting
closure of a sutured or stapled surgical wound
b. Bacterial colonization significantly
slows the process of contraction
c. It may account for a maximum of
50% decrease in the size of a wound
d. It is based on specialized fibroblasts
that contain actin myofilaments
e. The percentage reduction of wound
size is increased with increased
adherency of skin to underlying
tissue
121. Management of leukoplakia
of the oral cavity includes
a.
b.
c.
d.
Excisional biopsy of all lesions
Application of topical antibiotics
Low-dose radiation therapy
Ascertaining that dentures fit
properly
e. Application of topical chemotherapeutic agents
71
122. An 8-lb infant, born following uncomplicated labor and delivery, is noted to have a unilateral
cleft lip and palate. The parents
should be advised that
a. The child almost certainly has
other congenital anomalies
b. Rehabilitation requires adjunctive
speech therapy
c. Lip repair is indicated at 1 year of
age
d. Palate repair is indicated prior to 6
mo of age
e. Cosmetic revisions to the nose
should be performed at the same
time as cleft lip repair
123. A 40-year-old woman undergoes wide excision of a pigmented
lesion of her thigh. Pathologic
examination reveals malignant
melanoma that is Clark’s level IV.
Findings on examination of the
groin are normal. The patient
should be advised that
a. Radiotherapy will be an important
part of subsequent therapy
b. The likelihood of groin node
metastases is remote
c. Immunotherapy is an effective
form of adjunctive treatment for
metastatic malignant melanoma
d. Groin dissection is not indicated
unless and until groin nodes
become palpable
e. Intralesional bacille CalmetteGuérin (BCG) administration has
been found to aid in local control in
the majority of patients
72
Surgery
DIRECTIONS: Each group of questions below consists of lettered
options followed by numbered items. For each numbered item, select the
appropriate lettered option(s). Each lettered option may be used once,
more than once, or not at all. Choose exactly the number of options
indicated following each item.
Items 124–127
Items 128–131
Match each description with
the correct skin or subcutaneous
lesions.
Match each description with
the correct growth factors or
cytokines.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
a. Platelet-derived growth factor
(PDGF)
b. Transforming growth factor
c. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
d. Fibroblast growth factor
e. Interleukin 1 (IL-1)
f. Thromboxane A2
Cystic hygroma
Basal cell carcinoma
Port-wine stain
Strawberry hemangioma
Malignant melanoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
124. A 56-year-old woman presents with a small, pigmented
lesion on her forearm, which has
been growing over the last 2 mo.
She is a fair-complected woman
with a history of sun exposure.
(SELECT 3 LESIONS)
125. A 6-mo-old child presents
with a red lesion on the face.
(SELECT 2 LESIONS)
126. Surgical excision is the first
line of therapy. (SELECT 5
LESIONS)
127. Radiation may be useful as
adjuvant therapy. (SELECT 3
LESIONS)
128. Platelets are the cell of origin.
(SELECT 3 CHOICES)
129. Macrophages are the cell of
origin. (SELECT 5 CHOICES)
130. They stimulate fibroblast proliferation. (SELECT 4 CHOICES)
131. They stimulate collagen synthesis. (SELECT 3 CHOICES)
SKIN:WOUNDS,
INFECTIONS, BURNS;
HANDS; PLASTIC SURGERY
Answers
106. The answer is a. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 1479–1485.) The ulnar nerve
innervates 15 of the 20 intrinsic muscles of the hand. The musculocutaneous, radial, ulnar, and median nerves are all important to hand function.
The musculocutaneous and radial nerves allow forearm supination; the
radial nerve alone innervates the extensor muscles. The median nerve is the
“eye of the hand” because of its extensive contribution to sensory perception; it also maintains most of the long flexors, the pronators of the forearm, and the thenar muscles.
107. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 333, 523–527.) Wide excision of
melanomas, with margins of 3–5 cm beyond the lateral edges of tumor, has
traditionally been considered mandatory. A 5-year prospective multicenter
study of over 600 randomly assigned patients with thin stage I melanomas,
however, showed that local recurrence rates, as well as the subsequent
development of metastatic disease, were not different when margins of 1 cm
or 3 cm were taken, provided that tumor thickness did not exceed 1 mm.
108. The answer is b. (Greenfield 2/e, pp 67–83.) Wound healing is an
overlapping sequence of inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The
inflammatory phase is characterized by a rapid influx of neutrophils, followed in about 2 days by an influx of mononuclear cells. These monocytes
act not only by phagocytosing debris and bacteria, but also by secreting
numerous growth factors including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), transforming growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and fibroblast growth factor, which are essential to normal wound healing.
Angiogenesis and collagen formation take place during the proliferative
phase of wound healing. Fibroblasts, which enter the wound at about day 3,
continue to proliferate with increasing collagen deposition. Throughout the
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Surgery
proliferative phase, type III collagen predominates. Collagen content is
maximum at 2–3 wk, at which time the remodeling phase begins. Type III
collagen, which is elastic fibrils, is gradually replaced by rigid fibrils, or type
I collagen, at this time. During remodeling, collagen deposition and degradation reach a steady state, which may continue for up to 1 year.
109–110. The answers are 109-e, 110-a. (Greenfield, 2/e, p 1970.) The
significant observation in this question is the description of lymphangitic
inflammatory streaking up the inner aspect of the patient’s leg. This is
highly suggestive of a streptococcal infection and the presumptive therapy
should be high doses of a bactericidal antibiotic. Penicillin remains the
mainstay of therapy against presumed streptococcal infections. Most streptococcal cellulitis is adequately treated by penicillin, elevation of the
infected extremity, and attention to the local wound to ascertain adequate
local drainage and absence of any persisting foreign body. However, the
clinician must be alert to the possibility of a more fulminant and life- or
limb-threatening infection by clostridia, microaerophilic streptococcus, or
other potentially synergistic organisms that can produce rapidly progressive deep infections in fascia of muscle. Smears and cultures of drainage
fluid or aspirates should be taken. Close observation of the wound is essential, and aggressive debridement in the operating room is mandatory at the
slightest suggestion that fasciitis or myonecrosis may be ensuing.
111. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 412–414.) Many methods of
treating frostbite have been tried throughout the years. These include massage, warm-water immersion, or covering the affected area. Rapid warming
by immersion in water slightly above normal body temperature (40–448°C)
is the most effective method; however, because the frostbitten region is
numb and especially vulnerable, it should be protected from trauma or
excessive heat during treatment. Further treatment may include elevation to
minimize edema, administration of antibiotics and tetanus toxoid, and
debridement of necrotic skin as needed.
112. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 2025–2056.) Each digit has two
long flexors, named superficial and deep according to the relative position of
the muscle bellies. In the fingers each superficial flexor tendon divides
around the corresponding deep tendon to reach its insertion on the base of
Skin:Wounds, Infections, Burns; Hands; Plastic Surgery
Answers
75
the middle phalanx. The deep flexor tendon continues to its insertion on
the base of the distal phalanx. Only the deep flexors can flex the distal
interphalangeal joint. Since the tendons of the deep flexors share a common muscle belly, only the superficial flexors can move a finger when the
adjacent fingers are immobilized. These tendons are prevented from bowstringing across the joints by the flexor retinaculum of the wrists and the
fibroosseous tunnels, which extend from the distal palmar crease to the
middle phalanx. They run within synovial sheaths and are nourished by
vincula tendinum (short mesenteries). The process of healing a tendon
injury involves the formation of a tenoma, which tends to become adherent to the surrounding sheath. A difficult balance has to be struck between
the desire to prevent adhesions by early mobilization and the risk of rupturing an unhealed tendon. Verdan has divided the hand into six regions
according to the anatomy surrounding the tendons. Zone 2, sometimes
referred to as “no-man’s land,” refers to the fibroosseous tunnels. Repair in
this region is fraught with difficulty.
113. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 130–131.) Surgical wounds can
be divided into three categories based on the amount of bacterial contamination. Clean wounds are those in which no part of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, or genitourinary tract is entered. Examples include
herniorrhaphy and breast surgery. Clean-contaminated wounds encompass
those cases in which the above systems are entered, but without evidence
of active infection or gross spillage. Examples include elective cholecystectomy or elective colon resection with adequate bowel preparation. Contaminated wounds are those in which there is active infection (perforated
appendicitis with abscess) or gross spillage (gunshot wound with large
or small bowel injuries). While contaminated and clean-contaminated
wounds require perioperative antibiotics, clean wounds need not be
treated with prophylactic antibiotics.
114. The answer is e. (Lipsett, Surgery 116:491–496, 1994.) Pseudomembranous colitis is a common nosocomial infection most often caused by
Clostridium difficile toxins A and B. Antibiotic use allows overgrowth of C. difficile, leading to abdominal pain, fever, diarrhea, and increased WBCs. Diagnosis is confirmed by isolation of C. difficile toxin B via tissue culture assay.
Sensitivity and specificity are quite high (greater than 90%), but may require
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Surgery
24–48 h to complete. The vast majority of patients will respond to oral vancomycin or metronidazole, although 20–30% of patients may relapse.
Because response to antibiotic therapy is high, surgical intervention is infrequently required (<1%). Indications for surgery include intractable or fulminant disease, failure of medical therapy, colonic perforation, and toxic
megacolon. Pseudomembranous colitis often involves the entire colon,
despite normal-appearing serosa. Therefore, the procedure of choice is a
subtotal colectomy with ileostomy. Overall mortality of 35–40% is described,
with <20% mortality for those patients undergoing subtotal colectomy.
115. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 257, 522, 527, 617–621.) Squamous cell carcinoma occurs in people who have had chronic sun exposure,
chronic ulcers or sinus tracts (draining osteomyelitis), and a history of radiation or thermal injury (Margolin’s ulcer). It is more malignant than basal
cell carcinoma, grows more rapidly, and metastasizes. It occurs more frequently in blondes and fair-skinned people. A radiation-induced carcinoma, or one arising in a burn scar, should not be treated with radiation
therapy for fear of further damage.
116. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 242–244.) Early wound management is characterized by early excision of areas of devitalized tissue,
with the exception of deep wounds of the palms, soles, genitals, and face.
Staged excision of deep partial-thickness or full-thickness burns occurs
between 3 and 7 days after the injury. There are several proven advantages
to early excision including decreased hospital stay and lower cost. This is
especially true of burns encompassing >30–40% total body surface area. In
conjunction with early excision, topical antimicrobials such as silver sulfadiazine are extremely important in delaying colonization of the newly
excised or fresh burn wounds. Permanent coverage through split-thickness
skin grafting usually occurs more than 1 wk after injury. Skin autograft
requires a vascular bed and therefore cannot be placed over eschar. Meticulous attention to deep circumferential burns is crucial in the management
of burn patients. Progressive tissue edema may lead to progressive vascular
and neurologic compromise. Because the blood supply is the initial system
affected, frequent assessment of flow is vital, with longitudinal escharotomy performed at the first sign of vascular compromise. A low threshold
should be maintained in performing an escharotomy in the setting of
severely burned limbs.
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77
117. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 228–232, 234–238.) Aggressive
evaluation and treatment of burn victims has led to increased survival of
the 2 million patients treated for burns each year in the United States. A
systematic approach to the patient with attention to airway/vascular access
and aggressive fluid resuscitation has proved essential. In the patient with
obvious facial burns who is hemodynamically unstable, airway access is the
first priority. Fluid resuscitation is initiated using the Parkland formula,
with urine output of 0.5–1.0 mL/kg/h being the most sensitive indicator of
the adequacy of resuscitation. The extent of the burn can be roughly estimated using the “rule of nines,” in which the head and the upper extremities are each 9% of the total body surface area (TBSA) and the anterior
trunk, posterior trunk, and the lower extremities are each 18% of the
TBSA. The neck encompasses 1% of the TBSA. This patient has burns of
roughly 40% TBSA (face 4.5%, upper extremities 18%, and anterior trunk
18%). Tetanus prophylaxis is indicated in all patients who have not been
immunized within 1 year; prophylactic intravenous antibiotics are not
indicated because they have not been shown to be of benefit in decreasing
early cellulitic infections. Conversely, they have been shown to lead to
increased complications secondary to resistant gram-negative organisms.
118. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 629, 631.) Squamous cell carcinoma of the lip is the most common malignant tumor of the lip and constitutes 15% of all malignancies of the oral cavity. Basal cell carcinomas do
occur on the lip, but much less frequently. There is a strong association
between squamous cell tumors of the lip and sun exposure. Therefore,
these lesions are more common in the southern United States and in occupational groups who work out of doors. Because of its greater sun exposure, the lower lip is the site of more than 90% of such lesions. Persistent
hyperkeratosis precedes 35–40% of these lesions. The incidence of metastases increases with the size of the lesion, and spread is usually via lymphatics to the ipsilateral submental node. Contralateral nodal metastases
are rare unless the lesion crosses the midline. Approximately 10–15% of all
patients have metastases at the time of diagnosis. These lip tumors are very
responsive to radiotherapy, which works well for small to medium-sized
lesions. Large lesions treated with radiotherapy usually require surgical
reconstruction. Radiotherapy should not be used in patients who will have
ongoing sun exposure to the area because radiation therapy sensitizes the
tissues to solar trauma.
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Surgery
119. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 2063–2070.) Signs and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome are related to the distribution of the
median nerve. This nerve, which passes through the carpal tunnel is the
wrist with the finger flexor tendons, may suffer compression from fibrous
scarring or malalignment following a fracture of the wrist. Nerve compression may also occur in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who develop
flexor tenosynovitis. In women, the syndrome frequently first appears during pregnancy and recurs during the premenstrual phase of subsequent
menstrual cycles. In these cases, symptoms are presumably the result of the
effects of fluid retention and pressure on the median nerve owing to tissue
swelling. In many instances, symptoms are limited to nocturnal pain and
paresthesias. If conservative treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome is unsuccessful, surgical treatment may be required. Open and endoscopic techniques have been employed, both of which release adhesions of the median
nerve and divide the transverse carpal ligament. The extensor retinaculum
is located on the dorsal aspect of the wrist and contains the six compartments of extensor tendons.
120. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 270–277.) While epithelialization
is responsible for the healing of a closed incision, wound contraction is the
primary method of closure in open wounds. During this process, the skin
surrounding the wound is pulled over the wound surface and may account
for up to a 90% reduction in the size of an open wound. In areas of greater
adherence of skin to underlying tissue, the ability of contraction to close the
wound is hindered due to the decreased mobility of the skin. Therefore, in
areas of tight skin adherence such as the leg, contraction may only account
for 30–40% reduction in wound size. Fibroblasts in the open wound, which
predominate during the proliferative phase, contain increasing numbers of
actin microfilaments, thereby becoming myofibroblasts. These specialized
fibroblasts are felt to be responsible for wound contraction either through
intrinsic cellular contraction or attachment to collagen strands. Bacterial colonization does not harm the process of wound contraction and surgical
wound healing. While wound infection is often difficult to diagnose in open
wounds, it is generally accepted that bacterial counts of 1 million bacteria per
gram of tissue are deleterious to wound closure.
121. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 604, 610.) White patches in the
oral cavity (leukoplakia) sometimes are incorrectly interpreted as a pre-
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79
malignant condition. Microscopic examination of leukoplakia may in fact
reveal hyperplasia, keratosis, or dyskeratosis, of which the last finding is the
most serious because of its association with malignancy. Only about 5% of
patients with leukoplakia develop cancer. A suggested treatment protocol
for patients with thin lesions advocates a program of strict oral hygiene and
avoidance of alcohol and tobacco. Biopsy is reserved only for those with
thick lesions (since carcinoma in situ may be present). Radiation therapy is
contraindicated. Approximately 50% of all oral cancers occur in patients
who have associated areas of hyperkeratosis and dyskeratosis. Chronic irritation, as may occur with poorly fitting dentures, may result in leukoplakia.
122. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 2106–2110.) Clefts of the lip
and palate occur relatively frequently (1 in 750 live births); they may be
unilateral or bilateral and can vary from a small notch to a complete cleft of
the lip and palate. Most clefts occur as isolated anomalies, but occasionally
they are associated with neurologic, orthopedic, or cardiac anomalies. A
frequently recommended protocol for management is lip repair in the first
3 mo of life and palate repair at 12 to 18 mo. Other cosmetic procedures
can be performed late in childhood and adolescence. Palate repair after 2
years of age is associated with a high incidence of speech impairment, often
requiring speech therapy; repair in the early months of life can lead to a
hazardous loss of blood that is poorly tolerated by the infant. Repair of the
lip usually should be accomplished as soon as the infant is sufficiently stabilized to tolerate anesthesia with reasonable safety. Ten to twelve weeks is
often recommended as the time for lip repair. At this age, the affected baby
usually can be converted to dropper or cup feedings in the postoperative
period, which thereby facilitates healing of the lip by reducing the need for
suckling with the freshly wounded tissues.
123. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 2231–2242.) The survival of
patients with malignant melanoma correlates with the depth of invasion
(Clark) and the thickness of the lesion (Breslow). It is widely held that
patients with thin lesions (<0.76 mm) and Clark level I and II lesions are
adequately managed by wide local excision. The incidence of nodal metastases rises with increasing Clark level of invasion such that a level IV lesion
has a 30–50% incidence of nodal metastases. The assumption that removal
of microscopic foci of disease is beneficial, in conjunction with retrospective data indicating improved survival in patients who have undergone
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Surgery
removal of clinically negative but pathologically positive nodes, has led to
the widely held belief that prophylactic node dissections are indicated for
melanoma. Prospective data has challenged this concept. Veronesi and Sim
have found that patients undergoing prophylactic node dissections survived no longer than those who were followed closely and underwent node
dissections only after nodes became palpable. The subject remains controversial, and further study and follow-up are necessary. Immunotherapy has
not been successful in controlling widespread metastatic melanoma even
when added to chemotherapy. Intralesional administration of BCG has
been demonstrated to control local skin lesions in only 20% of patients.
Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) can also be used.
124–127. The answers are 124-b, e, f; 125-c, d; 126-a, b, c, e, f;
127-b, e, f. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 2231–2245.) Cutaneous neoplasms are
extremely prevalent in the United States, with basal cell and squamous cell
carcinoma being the most common. Patients who are at particular risk for
malignant neoplasms are those with fair complexion and frequent sun
exposure. Other risk factors for basal and squamous cell carcinomas
include radiation damage, chronic wounds, and scar tissue. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice of all malignant cutaneous neoplasms. Radiation therapy may be useful for palliation of metastatic melanoma and may
be considered as adjuvant therapy for squamous cell carcinoma and aggressive or invasive basal cell carcinoma. The pediatric population may suffer
from multiple cutaneous lesions, including port-wine stains and strawberry hemangiomas. Both are capillary hemangiomas, but with very different clinical courses. Port-wine stains are present from birth and do not
regress; therefore, surgical excision is a treatment option in small lesions.
Other treatment options include laser cauterization or tattooing. Strawberry hemangiomas typically grow rapidly over 6–12 mo, but 90% regress
spontaneously; therefore, commonly no intervention is required. For particularly large or rapidly growing lesions, excision, laser cauterization, or
steroids may be considered. Cystic hygromas are masses of lymphatic vessels typically present in the head and neck region, usually apparent at
birth. They are easily diagnosed with ultrasonography and are treated with
surgical excision.
128–131. The answers are 128-a, b, f; 129-a, b, c, d, e; 130-b, c, d,
e; 131-b, c, e. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 108–126.) Numerous cytokines or
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81
growth factors are liberated from various cells at the time of injury. The
process of wound healing requires that these factors act in an orchestrated
manner. Platelets release ADP, thromboxane A2, transforming growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor within 1 h of injury. When
macrophages become the predominant cell (at 2–3 days), numerous additional cytokines are released, including IL-1, fibroblast growth factor, TNF,
transforming growth factor, and PDGF, among others. Integral to adequate
wound healing is fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis. Stimulants
of fibroblast proliferation include TNF, IL-1, fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor, epithelial growth factor, and plasminogen activator
inhibitor. Collagen synthesis is then initiated and progresses during the
proliferative phase of wound healing upon stimulation by IL-1, TNF, and
transforming growth factor. Excessive or unopposed release of cytokines is
thought to be responsible in various pathologic states of wound healing,
such as pulmonary fibrosis or hepatic cirrhosis, and can lead to failure of
multiple organ systems.
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TRAUMA AND SHOCK
Questions
DIRECTIONS: Each item below contains a question or incomplete
statement followed by suggested responses. Select the one best response to
each question.
132. A teenage boy falls from his
bicycle and is run over by a truck.
On arrival in the emergency room,
he is awake and alert and appears
frightened but in no distress. The
chest radiograph suggests an airfluid level in the left lower lung
field and the nasogastric tube
seems to coil upward into the left
chest. The next best step in management is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Placement of a left chest tube
Immediate thoracotomy
Immediate celiotomy
Esophagogastroscopy
Removal and replacement of the
nasogastric tube; diagnostic peritoneal lavage
133. Which of the following conditions is most likely to follow
a compression-type abdominal injury?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
134. A 65-year-old man who
smokes cigarettes and has chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease falls
and fractures the 7th, 8th, and 9th
ribs in the left anterolateral chest.
Chest x-ray is otherwise normal.
Appropriate treatment might include
a. Strapping the chest with adhesive
tape
b. Immobilization with sandbags
c. Tube thoracostomy
d. Peritoneal lavage
e. Surgical fixation of the fractured
ribs
135. Blunt trauma to the abdomen
most commonly injures which of
the following organs?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Liver
Kidney
Spleen
Intestine
Pancreas
Renal vascular injury
Superior mesenteric thrombosis
Mesenteric vascular injury
Avulsion of the splenic pedicle
Diaphragmatic hernia
83
Terms of Use
84
Surgery
136. Ligation of injured major
peripheral veins is rarely preferable
to repair, but may be justified for
which reason?
a. In severe popliteal vascular injuries,
venous ligation leads to a decreased
amputation rate following successful arterial reconstruction when
compared with combined arterial
and venous repair
b. Venous ligation leads to a decreased
incidence of chronic venous insufficiency when compared with venous
repair
c. Venous ligation leads to a decreased
operative time in patients with
multiple injuries or severe trauma
when compared with venous repair
d. In the presence of extensive associated soft tissue injury, venous return
is already sufficiently impaired to
render venous repair pointless
e. Even though ligated veins thrombose, they often recanalize
137. A 27-year-old man sustains a
single gunshot wound to the left
thigh. In the emergency room he is
noted to have a large hematoma of
his medial thigh. He complains of
paresthesias in his foot. On examination there are weak pulses palpable distal to the injury and the
patient is unable to move his foot.
The appropriate initial management of this patient would be
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Angiography
Immediate exploration and repair
Fasciotomy of anterior compartment
Observation for resolution of spasm
Local wound exploration
Items 138–139
A 25-year-old woman arrives
in the emergency room following
an automobile accident. She is
acutely dyspneic with a respiratory
rate of 60 breaths/min. Breath
sounds are markedly diminished
on the right side.
138. The first step in managing
the patient should be to
a. Take a chest x-ray
b. Draw arterial blood for blood gas
determination
c. Decompress the right pleural space
d. Perform pericardiocentesis
e. Administer intravenous fluids
Trauma and Shock
139. A chest x-ray of this woman
before therapy would probably reveal
a. Air in the right pleural space
b. Shifting of the mediastinum toward
the right
c. Shifting of the trachea toward the
right
d. Dilation of the intrathoracic vena
cava
e. Hyperinflation of the left lung
140. Among the physiologic responses to acute injury is
a. Increased secretion of insulin
b. Increased secretion of thyroxine
c. Decreased secretion of vasopressin
(ADH)
d. Decreased secretion of glucagon
e. Decreased secretion of aldosterone
141. In a stable patient, the management of a complete transection
of the common bile duct distal to
the insertion of the cystic duct
would be optimally performed
with a
a. Choledochoduodenostomy
b. Loop choledochojejunostomy
c. Primary end-to-end anastomosis of
the transected bile duct
d. Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy
e. Bridging of the injury with a T tube
85
142. Nonoperative management of
penetrating neck injuries has been
advocated as an alternative to mandatory exploration in asymptomatic
patients. Which of the following
findings would constitute a relative,
rather than an absolute, indication
for formal neck exploration?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Expanding hematoma
Dysphagia
Dysphonia
Pneumothorax
Hemoptysis
143. Following blunt abdominal
trauma, a 12-year-old girl develops
upper abdominal pain, nausea, and
vomiting. An upper gastrointestinal
series reveals a total obstruction
of the duodenum with a “coiled
spring” appearance in the second
and third portions. Appropriate
management is
a.
b.
c.
d.
Gastrojejunostomy
Nasogastric suction and observation
Duodenal resection
TPN to increase the size of the
retroperitoneal fat pad
e. Duodenojejunostomy
144. Following traumatic peripheral nerve transection, regrowth
usually occurs at which of the following rates?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
0.1 mm per day
1 mm per day
5 mm per day
1 cm per day
None of the above
86
Surgery
Items 145–147
A 28-year-old man is brought
to the emergency room for a severe
head injury after a fall. Initially
lethargic, he becomes comatose and
does not move his right side. His
left pupil is dilated and responds
only sluggishly.
145. The most common initial
manifestation of increasing intracranial pressure in the victim of
head trauma is
a. Change in level of consciousness
b. Ipsilateral (side of hemorrhage)
pupillary dilation
c. Contralateral pupillary dilation
d. Hemiparesis
e. Hypertension
146. Initial emergency reduction
of intracranial pressure is most
rapidly accomplished by
a.
b.
c.
d.
Saline-furosemide (Lasix) infusion
Urea infusion
Mannitol infusion
Intravenous dexamethasone (Decadron)
e. Hyperventilation
147. In the patient described,
compression of the affected nerve is
produced by
a. Infection within the cavernous sinus
b. Herniation of the uncal process of
the temporal lobe
c. Laceration of the corpus callosum
by the falx cerebri
d. Occult damage to the superior cervical ganglion
e. Cerebellar hypoxia
148. A 31-year-old man is brought
to the emergency room following
an automobile accident in which
his chest struck the steering wheel.
Examination reveals stable vital
signs, but the patient exhibits multiple palpable rib fractures and
paradoxical movement of the right
side of the chest. Chest x-ray shows
no evidence of pneumothorax or
hemothorax, but a large pulmonary
contusion is developing. Proper
treatment would consist of which
of the following?
a. Tracheostomy, mechanical ventilation, and positive end-expiratory
pressure
b. Stabilization of the chest wall with
sandbags
c. Stabilization with towel clips
d. Immediate operative stabilization
e. No treatment unless signs of respiratory distress develop
Trauma and Shock
149. A 30-year-old man is stabbed
in the arm. There is no evidence of
vascular injury, but he cannot flex
his three radial digits. He has injured
the
a. Flexor pollicis longus and flexor
digitus medius tendons
b. Radial nerve
c. Median nerve
d. Thenar and digital nerves at the
wrist
e. Ulnar nerve
150. Following a 2-h fire-fighting
episode, a 36-year-old fireman begins complaining of a throbbing
headache, nausea, dizziness, and
visual disturbances. He is taken to
the emergency room where his
carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) level
is found to be 31%. Appropriate
treatment would be to
a. Begin an immediate exchange
transfusion
b. Transfer the patient to a hyperbaric
oxygen chamber
c. Begin bicarbonate infusion and give
250 mg acetazolamide (Diamox)
intravenously
d. Administer 100% oxygen by mask
e. Perform flexible bronchoscopy
with further therapy determined by
findings
87
151. An elderly pedestrian collides with a bicycle-riding pizza
delivery man and suffers a unilateral fracture of his pelvis through
the obturator foramen. You would
manage this injury by
a. External pelvic fixation
b. Angiographic visualization of the
obturator artery with surgical
exploration if the artery is injured
or constricted
c. Direct surgical approach with internal fixation of the ischial ramus
d. Short-term bed rest with gradual
ambulation as pain allows after 3
days
e. Hip spica
152. Regarding high-voltage electrical burns to an extremity
a. Injuries are generally more superficial than those of thermal burns
b. Intravenous fluid replacement is
based on the percentage of body
surface area burned
c. Antibiotic prophylaxis is not required
d. Evaluation for fracture of the other
extremities and visceral injury is
indicated
e. Cardiac conduction abnormalities
are unlikely
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Surgery
153. Which of the following fractures or dislocations of the extremities induced by blunt trauma is
associated with significant vascular
injuries?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Knee dislocation
Closed posterior elbow dislocation
Midclavicular fracture
Supracondylar femur fracture
Tibial plateau fracture
154. A 23-year-old previously
healthy man presents to the emergency room after sustaining a single
gunshot wound to the left chest.
The entrance wound is 3 cm inferior to the nipple and the exit
wound is just below the scapula. A
chest tube is placed that drains 400
mL of blood and continues to drain
50–75 mL/h during the initial
resuscitation. Initial blood pressure
of 70/0 mm Hg responds to 2 L
crystalloid and is now 100/70 mm
Hg. Abdominal examination is
unremarkable. Chest x-ray reveals
a reexpanded lung and no free air
under the diaphragm. The next
management step should be
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Admission and observation
Peritoneal lavage
Exploratory thoracotomy
Exploratory celiotomy
Local wound exploration
155. A patient is brought to the
emergency room after a motor
vehicle accident. He is unconscious
and has a deep scalp laceration and
one dilated pupil. His heart rate is
120 beats/min, blood pressure is
80/40 mm Hg, and respiratory rate
is 35 breaths/min. Despite rapid
administration of 2 L normal
saline, the patient’s vital signs do
not change significantly. The injury
likely to explain this patient’s
hypotension is
a. Epidural hematoma
b. Subdural hematoma
c. Intraparenchymal brain hemorrhage
d. Basilar skull fracture
e. None of the above
156. When operating to repair
civilian colon injuries
a. A colostomy should be performed
for colonic injury in the presence of
gross fecal contamination
b. The presence of shock on admission or more than two associated
intraabdominal injuries is an
absolute contraindication to primary colonic repair
c. Distal sigmoidal injuries should not
be repaired primarily
d. Right-sided colonic wounds should
not be repaired primarily
e. Administration of intravenous
antibiotics with aerobic and anaerobic coverage has not been shown
to decrease the incidence of wound
infections after repair of colonic
injuries
Trauma and Shock
89
157. A 34-year-old prostitute with a history of long-term intravenous drug
use is admitted with a 48-h history of pain in her left arm. Physical examination is remarkable for crepitus surrounding needle track marks in the
antecubital space with a serous exudate. The plain x-ray of the arm is
shown below. Which of the following organisms is most likely to be
responsible for this condition?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Anaerobic streptococcus
Staphylococcus aureus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Clostridium perfringens
Escherichia coli
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Surgery
158. Regarding myocardial contusion from blunt chest trauma,
which of the following statements
is correct?
a. Elevated cardiac isoenzyme levels
sensitively identify patients at risk
for life-threatening arrhythmias
b. The majority of patients have
abnormalities on the initial ECG
post injury
c. First-pass radionuclide angiography (RNA) and echocardiography
are considered the “gold standard”
for diagnosis
d. RNA and echocardiography are
good predictors of subsequent cardiac complications such as arrhythmias and pump failure
e. All patients diagnosed with myocardial contusion should be monitored in an intensive care unit
setting for 72 h
159. Protein metabolism
trauma is characterized by
after
a. Decreased liver gluconeogenesis
b. Inhibition of skeletal muscle breakdown by interleukin 1 and tumor
necrosis factor (TNF, cachectin)
c. Decreased urinary nitrogen loss
d. Hepatic synthesis of acute-phase
reactants
e. Decreased glutamine consumption
by fibroblasts, lymphocytes, and
intestinal epithelial cells
160. A 36-year-old man sustains a
gunshot wound to the left buttock.
He is hemodynamically stable.
There is no exit wound, and an xray of the abdomen shows the bullet to be located in the right lower
quadrant. Correct management of a
suspected rectal injury would
include
a. Barium studies of the colon and
rectum
b. Barium studies of the bullet track
c. Endoscopy of the bullet track
d. Angiography
e. Sigmoidoscopy in the emergency
room
161. Correct statements regarding
blunt trauma to the liver include
which of the following?
a. Hepatic artery ligation for control
of bleeding is associated with
decreased morbidity and mortality
b. The incidence of intraabdominal
infections is significantly lower in
patients with abdominal drains
c. Intracaval shunting has dramatically improved survival among
patients with hepatic vein injuries
d. Nonanatomic hepatic debridement, with removal of the injured
fragments only, is preferable to
resection along anatomic planes
e. Major hepatic lacerations that are
sutured closed will result in intrahepatic hematomas, hemobilia, and
bile fistulas
Trauma and Shock
162. If injury to a major artery in
an extremity is suspected, surgical
exploration should be carried out
regardless of the presence of palpable pulses distal to the injury. The
rationale is that the presence of palpable distal pulses does not reliably
exclude
a. Significant arterial injury
b. Significant injury to adjacent motor
nerve trunks
c. Significant injury to adjacent long
bones
d. Significant injury to adjacent veins
e. Subsequent development of a compartment syndrome and the need
for fasciotomy
163. The response to shock
includes which of the following
metabolic effects?
a. Increase in sodium and water
excretion
b. Increase in renal perfusion
c. Decrease in cortisol levels
d. Hyperkalemia
e. Hypoglycemia
164. Appropriate treatment for an
acute stable hematoma of the pinna
of the ear includes which of the following measures?
a. Ice packs and prophylactic antibiotics
b. Excision of the hematoma
c. Needle aspiration
d. Incision, drainage, and pressure
bandage
e. Observation alone
91
165. Animal and clinical studies
have shown that administration of
lactated Ringer’s solution to patients
with hypovolemic shock may
a. Increase serum lactate concentration
b. Impair liver function
c. Improve hemodynamics by alleviating the deficit in the interstitial
fluid compartment
d. Increase metabolic acidosis
e. Increase the need for blood transfusion
Items 166–167
An 18-year-old high school
football player is kicked in the left
flank. Three hours later he develops hematuria. His vital signs are
stable.
166. The diagnostic tests performed reveal extravasation of contrast into the renal parenchyma.
Treatment should consist of
a. Resumption of normal daily activity excluding sports
b. Exploration and suture of the laceration
c. Exploration and wedge resection of
the left kidney
d. Nephrostomy
e. Antibiotics and serial monitoring of
blood count and vital signs
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Surgery
167. Initial diagnostic tests in the
emergency room should include
which of the following?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Retrograde urethrography
Retrograde cystography
Arteriography
Intravenous pyelogram
Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
168. True statements concerning penetrating pancreatic trauma
include
a. Most injuries do not involve adjacent organs
b. Management of a ductal injury to
the left of the mesenteric vessels is
Roux-en-Y pancreaticojejunostomy
c. Management of a ductal injury in
the head of the pancreas is pancreaticoduodenectomy
d. Small peripancreatic hematomas
need not be explored to search for
pancreatic injury
e. The major cause of death is exsanguination from associated vascular
injuries
169. Rapid fluid resuscitation of
the hypovolemic patient after abdominal trauma is significantly enhanced by which of the following?
a. Placement of long 18-gauge subclavian vein catheters
b. Placement of percutaneous femoral
vein catheters
c. Bilateral saphenous vein cutdowns
d. Placement of short, large-bore percutaneous peripheral intravenous
catheters
e. Infusion of cold whole blood
170. Use of the pneumatic antishock garment (PASG)
a. Elevates blood pressure by an
“autotransfusion” effect, with augmentation of venous return and
cardiac output
b. Is not recommended for control of
persistent bleeding in the setting of
severe pelvic fracture
c. Increases peripheral vascular resistance
d. Expedites assessment of lower
body injuries in the trauma patient
e. Should be terminated by means of
prompt deflation as soon as the
trauma patient reaches the emergency department
Trauma and Shock
171. Which of the following situations would be an indication for
performance of a thoracotomy in
the emergency room?
a. Massive hemothorax following
blunt trauma to the chest
b. Blunt trauma to multiple organ systems with obtainable vital signs in
the field but none on arrival in the
emergency room
c. Rapidly deteriorating patient with
cardiac tamponade from penetrating thoracic trauma
d. Penetrating thoracic trauma and no
signs of life in the field
e. Penetrating abdominal trauma and
no signs of life in the field
93
172. A 22-year-old man sustains a
gunshot wound to the abdomen. At
exploration, an apparently solitary
distal small-bowel injury is treated
with resection and primary anastomosis. On postoperative day 7,
small-bowel fluid drains through
the operative incision. The fascia
remains intact. The fistula output is
300 mL/day and there is no evidence of intraabdominal sepsis.
Correct treatment includes
a. Early reoperation to close the fistula tract
b. Broad-spectrum antibiotics
c. Total parenteral nutrition
d. Somatostatin to lower fistula output
e. Loperamide to inhibit gut motility
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Surgery
173. A 26-year-old man sustains a
gunshot wound to the left thigh.
Exploration reveals that a 5-cm
portion of superficial femoral artery
is destroyed. Appropriate management includes
a. Debridement and end-to-end anastomosis
b. Debridement and repair with an
interposition prosthetic graft
c. Debridement and repair with an
interposition arterial graft
d. Debridement and repair with an
interposition vein graft
e. Ligation and observation
174. The patient illustrated on the
chest x-ray film and contrast study
on the following page was hospitalized after a car collision in which
he suffered blunt trauma to the
abdomen. He sustained several left
rib fractures, but was hemodynamically stable. True statements about
the injury demonstrated in the
films include
a. The injury depicted is the most frequent organ injury in the setting of
blunt trauma to the abdomen
b. Delayed operative repair is indicated after the patient’s rib fractures
are allowed to stabilize
c. Surgical treatment of this injury is
indicated during this hospitalization
d. Early repair of this injury is preferably accomplished through a left
posterolateral thoracotomy
e. If this injury is incidentally discovered during a surgical exploration,
it should not be repaired
95
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Surgery
DIRECTIONS: Each group of questions below consists of lettered
options followed by numbered items. For each numbered item, select the
appropriate lettered option(s). Each lettered option may be used once,
more than once, or not at all. Choose exactly the number of options
indicated following each item.
Items 175–177
Items 178–180
For each diagnostic technique
listed below, select the injuries it
reliably identifies.
For each scenario listed below,
choose the abdominal organs most
likely to be injured.
a. Significant intraperitoneal bleeding
b. Injury of a retroperitoneal organ
c. Retroperitoneal (pelvic and visceral) vascular extravasation
d. Minor lacerations of liver and
spleen
e. Subcapsular hematomas of liver
and spleen
f. Injury of the small intestine
g. Diaphragmatic injury
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
175. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
(SELECT 2 INJURIES)
178. A
motorist
decelerates
rapidly after striking a stalled vehicle. He is traveling at 55 mi/h at the
time of impact. He is wearing a seat
belt and his car is equipped with an
air bag. (SELECT 3 ORGANS)
176. Abdominal computed tomography (SELECT 3 INJURIES)
177. Visceral
angiography
(SELECT 1 INJURY)
Diaphragm
Liver
Spleen
Small intestine
Large intestine
Kidneys
Stomach
Pancreas
Bladder
Great vessels (aorta/vena cava)
179. A man is shot with a highvelocity bullet that traverses his
mid-abdomen at the level of the
umbilicus. (SELECT 3 ORGANS)
180. An unsuspecting victim is
struck forcefully in the upper
abdomen by a mugger with a baseball bat. (SELECT 4 ORGANS)
Trauma and Shock
Items 181–185
For each of the immediately
life-threatening injuries of the chest
listed below, select the proper intervention.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Endotracheal intubation
Cricothyroidotomy
Subxiphoid window
Tube thoracostomy
Occlusive dressing
181. Laryngeal obstruction (SELECT 1 INTERVENTION)
182. Open pneumothorax (SELECT 1 INTERVENTION)
183. Flail chest (SELECT 1 INTERVENTION)
184. Tension pneumothorax (SELECT 1 INTERVENTION)
185. Pericardial tamponade (SELECT 1 INTERVENTION)
97
TRAUMA AND SHOCK
Answers
132. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 284, 337.) The finding of an airfluid level in the left lower chest with a nasogastric tube entering it after
blunt trauma to the abdomen is diagnostic of diaphragmatic rupture with
gastric herniation into the chest. This lesion needs to be fixed immediately.
With continuing negative pressure in the chest, each breath sucks more of
the abdominal contents into the chest and increases the likelihood of vascular compromise of the herniated viscera. While the diaphragm is easily
fixed from the left chest, this injury should be approached from the
abdomen. The possibility of injury below the diaphragm after sufficient
blunt injury to rupture the diaphragm mandates examination of the
intraabdominal solid and hollow viscera; adequate exposure of the
diaphragm to allow secure repair is possible from this approach.
133. The answer is e. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 308–312.) In the rapiddeceleration injury associated with automobile crashes, the abdominal viscera tend to continue moving anteriorly after the body wall has been
stopped. These organs exert great stress upon the structures anchoring
them to the retroperitoneum. Intestinal loops stretch and may tear their
mesenteric attachments, injuring and thrombosing the superior mesenteric
artery; kidneys and spleen may similarly shear their vascular pedicles. In
these injuries, however, ordinarily the intraabdominal pressure does not
rise excessively and diaphragmatic hernia is not likely. Diaphragmatic hernia is primarily associated with compression-type abdominal or thoracic
injuries that increase intraabdominal or intrathoracic pressure sufficiently
to tear the central portion of the diaphragm.
134. The answer is d. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 307–309.) The preeminent concern in treatment of rib fractures is the prevention of pulmonary complications (atelectasis and pneumonia), particularly for patients with preexisting
pulmonary disease, who are in danger of progressing to respiratory failure.
Attempts to relieve pain by immobilization or splinting, such as strapping
the chest, merely compound the problem of inadequate ventilation. Tube
98
Trauma and Shock
Answers
99
thoracostomy is indicated only if pneumothorax is diagnosed. Mild pain
may be controlled with oral analgesics, and patients with minor fracture
injuries, if they can be closely monitored, may be managed at home with
appropriate instructions for coughing and deep breathing. Patients with
significant fractures or severe pain should be hospitalized. Rib fractures
in the elderly are particularly treacherous. Intercostal nerve blocks often
provide prolonged periods of pain relief and, together with appropriate
pulmonary physiotherapy, will inhibit development of respiratory complications. Rib fractures are often associated with either intrathoracic or
intraabdominal injuries. In particular, fractures of the left chest wall should
arouse suspicion of splenic trauma. In equivocal cases, peritoneal lavage
will often be diagnostic. Rib fractures heal spontaneously, without need for
surgical fixation.
135. The answer is c. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 312–325.) The diagnosis of
injuries resulting from blunt abdominal trauma is difficult; injuries are
often masked by associated injuries. Thus, trauma to the head or chest,
together with fractures, frequently conceals intraabdominal injury. Apparently trivial injuries may rupture abdominal viscera in spite of the protection offered by the rib cage. The structures most likely to be damaged in
blunt abdominal trauma are, in order of frequency, the spleen, kidney,
intestine, liver, abdominal wall, mesentery, pancreas, and diaphragm.
Abdominal paracentesis is a rapid, sensitive diagnostic test for patients
with suspected intraabdominal injury and may be extremely helpful in the
management of patients with associated head, thoracic, or pelvic trauma in
whom signs and symptoms of the abdominal injuries may be masked or
overlooked. Abdominal CT scans, which should be done promptly and
rapidly, are being used more frequently to evaluate these injuries.
136. The answer is c. (Sabiston, 15/e, p 333.) In the past, ligation rather
than repair of large veins in the extremities has been advocated in patients
with multiple injuries or severe trauma. Venous repair adds to the operative
time, often results in thrombosis and occlusion, and was thought to lead to
an increased incidence of pulmonary embolization. Recent studies, including reviews of the Viet Nam Vascular Registry, indicate that the risk of pulmonary embolization is not increased with repair and that vein repair, in
conjunction with arterial repair, increases limb salvage, particularly in
popliteal injuries. Venous repair may also be necessary in the presence of
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Surgery
extensive soft tissue trauma and an already severely compromised venous
return. Long-term follow-up reveals that the sequelae of chronic venous
insufficiency develop with increasing frequency in those patients who have
had ligations of lower-extremity veins. Morbidity from chronic deep
venous occlusion may be diminished even in those patients who develop
thrombosis following repair, because recanalization often occurs. Ligated
veins do not recanalize. For these reasons, it is currently recommended
that large veins be repaired whenever clinically feasible.
137. The answer is b. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 332–333.) The five P’s of arterial injury include Pain, Paresthesias, Pallor, Pulselessness, and Paralysis.
In the extremities the tissues most sensitive to anoxia are the peripheral
nerves and striated muscle. The early developments of paresthesias and
paralysis are signals that there is significant ischemia present and immediate exploration and repair are warranted. The presence of palpable pulses
does not exclude an arterial injury because this presence may represent a
transmitted pulsation through a blood clot. When severe ischemia is
present, the repair must be completed within 6–8 h to prevent irreversible
muscle ischemia and loss of limb function. Delay to obtain an angiogram or
to observe for change needlessly prolongs the ischemic time. Fasciotomy
may be required but should be done in conjunction with and after reestablishment of arterial flow. Local wound exploration is not recommended
because brisk hemorrhage may be encountered without the securing of
prior vascular control.
138–139. The answers are 138-c, 139-a. (Sabiston, 15/e, p 308.) Tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening problem requiring immediate
treatment. A lung wound that behaves as a ball or flap valve allows escaped
air to build up pressure in the intrapleural space. This causes collapse of
the ipsilateral lung and shifting of the mediastinum and trachea to the contralateral side, in addition to compression of the vena cava and contralateral lung. Sudden death may ensue because of a decrease in cardiac output;
hypoxemia; and ventricular arrhythmias. To accomplish rapid decompression of the pleural space, a large-gauge needle should be passed into the
intrapleural cavity through the second intercostal space at the midclavicular line. This may be attached temporarily to an underwater seal with subsequent insertion of a chest tube after the life-threatening urgency has been
relieved.
Trauma and Shock
Answers
101
Tension pneumothorax produces characteristic x-ray findings of ipsilateral lung collapse, mediastinal and tracheal shift, and compression of the
contralateral lung. Occasionally, adhesions prevent complete lung collapse,
but the tension pneumothorax is evident because of the mediastinal displacement. A pleural effusion would not be expected acutely in the absence
of associated intrapleural blood.
140. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 103–105.) Though the immediate release of catecholamines causes a transient drop in the insulin levels,
shortly thereafter there is a significant rise in plasma insulin levels in
injured humans. Since injured patients are highly hypermetabolic, it might
be expected that the activity of the thyroid hormones would be increased
following injury. This is not the case, however, and increased levels of the
thyroid hormones are not seen. Vasopressin (ADH) is regulated by the
serum osmolality. In the postinjury period many factors are at play that
provoke the excretion of vasopressin. Glucagon secretion is normal or
increased after injury; not only are aldosterone levels elevated, but the
diurnal fluctuations ordinarily seen are lost.
141. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 192–193.) Traumatic injury to
the common bile duct must be considered in two separate categories. Complete transection of the common bile duct can be handled in many ways. If
the patient is unstable and time is limited, simply placing a T tube in either
end of the open common bile duct and staging the repair is the treatment
of choice. In a stable patient a biliary enteric bypass is preferred. This can
be accomplished by Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy or cholecystojejunostomy. The jejunum is favored over the duodenum because if the anastomosis leaks, a lateral duodenal fistula is avoided. For similar reasons the
defunctionalizing of the jejunal limb is also preferable. This can be accomplished by creating a Roux-en-Y limb of jejunum. Primary end-to-end
repair of a completely transected common bile duct is not recommended
because of the high incidence of stricture and need for reoperation and creation of a biliary enteric bypass. However, primary repair is the procedure
of choice if the common bile duct is lacerated or only partially transected.
142. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 163–166.) Reports of a more
than 50% incidence of negative explorations of the neck, iatrogenic complications, and serious injuries overlooked at operation have caused a
102
Surgery
reassessment of the dictum that all penetrating neck wounds that violate
the platysma must be explored. Stable patients with zone III (between the
angle of the mandible and the skull) or zone I (inferior to the cricoid cartilage) injuries, or multiple neck wounds, should undergo initial angiography irrespective of the ultimate treatment plan. Algorithms exist for
nonoperative management of asymptomatic patients that employ observation alone or combinations of vascular and aerodigestive contrast studies
and endoscopy. Nevertheless, recognition of acute signs of airway distress
(stridor, hoarseness, dysphonia), visceral injury (subcutaneous air, hemoptysis, dysphagia), hemorrhage (expanding hematoma, unchecked external
bleeding), or neurologic symptoms referable to carotid injury (stroke or
altered mental status) or lower cranial nerve or brachial plexus injury
requires formal neck exploration. Pneumothorax would mandate a chest
tube; the necessity for exploration would depend on clinical judgment and
institutional policy.
143. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 194–195.) Duodenal
hematomas result from blunt abdominal trauma. They present as a high
bowel obstruction with abdominal pain and occasionally a palpable right
upper quadrant mass. An upper gastrointestinal series is almost always
diagnostic with the classic coiled spring appearance of the second and third
portions of the duodenum secondary to the crowding of the valvulae conniventes (circular folds) by the hematoma. Nonsurgical management is the
mainstay of therapy because the vast majority of duodenal hematomas
resolve spontaneously. Simple evacuation of the hematoma is the operative
procedure of choice. However, bypass procedures and duodenal resection
have been performed for this problem. In patients with duodenal obstruction from the superior mesenteric artery syndrome, the obstruction is usually the result of a marked weight loss and, in conjunction with this, loss of
the retroperitoneal fat pad that elevates the superior mesenteric artery from
the third and fourth portions of the duodenum. Nutritional repletion and
replenishment of this fat pad will elevate the artery off the duodenum and
relieve the obstruction.
144. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1884–1885.) Transection of a
peripheral nerve results in hemorrhage and in retraction of the severed
nerve ends. Almost immediately, degeneration of the axon distal to the
injury begins. Degeneration also occurs in the proximal fragment back to
Trauma and Shock
Answers
103
the fist node of Ranvier. Phagocytosis of the degenerated axonal fragments
leaves a neurilemmal sheath with empty cylindrical spaces where the axons
were. Several days following the injury, axons from the proximal fragment
begin to regrow. If they make contact with the distal neurilemmal sheath,
regrowth occurs at about the rate of 1 mm per day. However, if associated
trauma, fracture, infection, or separation of neurilemmal sheath ends precludes contact between axons, growth is haphazard and a traumatic neuroma is formed. When neural transection is associated with widespread
soft tissue damage and hemorrhage (with increased probability of infection), many surgeons choose to delay reapproximation of the severed nerve
end for 3–4 wk.
145–147. The answers are 145-a, 146-e, 147-b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp
179–180.) Closed head injuries may result in cerebral concussion from
depression of the reticular formation of the brainstem. This type of injury
is usually reversible.
Local bleeding and swelling (intracranial or extracranial) produce an
increase in the intracranial pressure. A characteristic symptom pattern
occurs initiated by progressive depression of mental status. Increasing
intracranial pressure tends to displace brain tissue away from the source of
the pressure; if the pressure is sufficient, herniation of the uncal process
through the tentorium cerebri occurs.
Pupillary dilation is caused by compression of the ipsilateral oculomotor nerve and its parasympathetic fibers. If the pressure is not relieved, the
contralateral oculomotor nerve will become involved and, ultimately, the
brainstem will herniate through the foramen magnum and cause death.
Hypertension and bradycardia are preterminal events.
Emergency measures to reduce intracranial pressure while preparing
for localization of the clot or for a craniotomy or both include hyperventilation, dexamethasone (Decadron), and mannitol infusion. Of these,
hyperventilation produces the most rapid decrease in brain swelling.
148. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 688–689.) Flail chest is diagnosed in the presence of paradoxical respiratory movement in a portion of
the chest wall. At least two fractures in each of three adjacent rib or costal
cartilages are required to produce this condition. Complications of flail
chest include segmental pulmonary hypoventilation with subsequent
infection and ultimately respiratory failure. Management of flail chest
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Surgery
should be individualized. If adequate pain control and pulmonary toilet
can be provided, patients may be managed without stabilization of the flail.
Often, intercostal nerve blocks and tracheostomy aid in this form of management. If stabilization is required, external methods such as sandbags or
towel clips are no longer used. Surgical stabilization with wires is used if
thoracotomy is to be performed for another indication. If this is not the
case, “internal” stabilization is performed by placing the patient on
mechanical ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure. Tracheostomy is recommended because these patients usually require 10–14 days
to stabilize their flail segment and postventilation pulmonary toilet is simplified by tracheostomy. Indications for mechanical ventilation include significant impedance to ventilation by the flail segment, large pulmonary
contusion, an uncooperative patient (e.g., owing to head injury), general
anesthesia for another indication, more than five ribs fractured, and the
development of respiratory failure.
149. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 2048–2050.) The motor components of the median nerve maintain the muscular function of most of the
long flexors of the hand as well as the pronators of the forearm and the
thenar muscles. The median nerve is also an extremely important sensory
innervator of the hand and is commonly described as the “eye of the hand”
because the palm, the thumb, and the index and middle fingers all receive
their sensation via the median nerve.
150. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 238–239.) Carbon monoxide
(CO) is the leading cause of toxin-related death in the United States. It is
produced by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and is emitted by
virtually all gas-powered engines and appliances that burn fossil fuel, e.g.,
home furnaces, water heaters, stoves, pool heaters, kerosene heaters, and
charcoal fires. Tobacco smoke—particularly smoke released from the tip of
the cigarette, which has 2.5 times more CO than inhaled smoke—produces
a significant amount of the gas; nonsmokers working in closed quarters
with smokers may have carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels as high as 15%,
easily enough to cause headache and some impairment of judgment. Fire
fighters are at particularly high risk for CO intoxication. The pathophysiology of CO poisoning is unclear. It is known to cause an adverse shift in the
oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, to cause direct cardiovascular
depression, and to inhibit cytochrome A3. Tissue hypoxia is the result.
Trauma and Shock
Answers
105
Treatment is directed toward increasing the partial pressures of O2 to which
the transalveolar hemoglobin is exposed. In most cases, administering
100% oxygen through a tightly fitted face mask will result in a serum elimination half-life of COHb of 80 min (compared with 520 min when one
breathes room air). In severe cases, where coma, seizures, or respiratory
failure are present, the partial pressure of O2 is increased by administering
it in a hyperbaric chamber with an atmospheric pressure of 2.8. In this situation the serum elimination half-life is reduced to 23 min. In any case, the
oxygen therapy should continue until the COHb levels reach 10%.
151. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 169, 204.) Most pelvic fractures
are the result of automobile-pedestrian accidents and these fractures are a
frequent cause of death. The pelvis is extremely vascular with a diffuse
blood supply that makes hemorrhage common and surgical control of
bleeding difficult. This patient has a type II fracture (single break in pelvic
ring) through a non-weight-bearing portion of the pelvis. These fractures
are best treated by bed rest until hemodynamic stability is assured and
thereafter by gentle ambulation as pain permits. The clinician must watch
carefully for associated injuries to bladder, urethra, and colon and be alert
to the many other possible concurrent injuries to an elderly patient who
has suffered a collision, even a low-velocity attack from a pizza man.
152. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 250–252.) The treatment of
electrical injury should be modified from that of thermal burns because tissue damage is much deeper than is apparent at first inspection. The heat
generated is proportional to the resistance to the flow of current. Bone, fat,
and tendons offer the greatest resistance. Therefore, the tissue deep within
the center of an extremity may be injured while more superficial tissues are
spared. For this reason, the quantification of fluid requirements cannot be
based on the percentage of body surface area involved, as in the Parkland,
Brooke, or Baxter formulas, which are used to calculate fluid replacement
after thermal burns. Massive fluid replacement is usually essential. A brisk
urine output is desirable because of the likelihood of myonecrosis with
consequent myoglobinuria and renal damage. As with deep thermal burns,
debridement, skin grafting, and amputation of extremities may be required
following electrical injury. However, fasciotomy is more frequently
required than escharotomy with electrical injury because deep myonecrosis results in increased intracompartmental pressures and compromised
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Surgery
limb perfusion. In addition, distant fractures may result owing to vigorous
muscle contraction during the accident or if subsequent falls occur. Cardiac or respiratory arrest may occur if the pathway of the current includes
the heart or brain. An electrical current can also damage the pulmonary
alveoli and capillaries and lead to respiratory infections, a major cause of
death in these victims. Owing to the deep myonecrosis that often accompanies high-voltage injury, prophylaxis for clostridia with high-dose penicillin may be considered. Mafenide acetate is preferred over other topical
antimicrobials because of its deeper penetration of eschar.
153. The answer is a. (Bunt, Am J Surg 160:226–228, 1990.) In a 4-year
retrospective study of 569 at-risk parajoint fractures or dislocations resulting from blunt trauma, there was only a 1.5% incidence of associated vascular injury. Angiograms and vascular surgical consultations were obtained
when vascular compromise was suspected owing to clinical examination or
Doppler confirmation of flow abnormalities. While vascular injuries due to
fractures on either side of a joint (e.g., supracondylar femur fracture or tibial plateau fracture) were uncommon, major joint dislocations were more
commonly associated with vascular injury. An exception to this rule is the
type III supracondylar humerus fracture, where displacement of bone may
injure or entrap the tethered brachial artery. Clavicular fractures are rarely
associated with significant vascular injury. The highest rate of vascular
injury occurs with knee dislocations because of the extreme force required
to dislocate the joint. In open elbow dislocations, the brachial artery is
often disrupted by forcible hyperextension of the joint; closed elbow dislocations are rarely associated with vascular injury unless the dislocation is
anterior.
154. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 317–331.) Gunshot wounds to
the lower chest are often associated with intraabdominal injuries. The
diaphragm can rise to the level of T4 during maximal expiration. Therefore, any patient with a gunshot wound below the level of T4 should be
subjected to abdominal exploration. Exploratory thoracotomy is not indicated because most parenchymal lung injuries will stop bleeding and heal
spontaneously with the use of tube thoracostomy alone. Indication for thoracic exploration for bleeding is usually in the range of 100–150 mL/h over
several hours. Peritoneal lavage is not indicated even though the abdominal examination is unremarkable. As many as 25% of patients with nega-
Trauma and Shock
Answers
107
tive physical findings and negative peritoneal lavage will have significant
intraabdominal injuries in this setting. These injuries include damage to
the colon, kidney, pancreas, aorta, and diaphragm. Local wound exploration is not recommended because the determination of diaphragmatic
injury with this technique is unreliable.
155. The answer is e. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 297–298.) Loss of consciousness
following head trauma should be assumed to be due to intracranial hemorrhage until proved otherwise. However, a thorough evaluation of the
head-injured patient includes assessment for other potentially lifethreatening injuries. Rarely, a patient may have sufficient hemorrhage from
a scalp laceration to cause hypotension. In the patient described, hypotension and tachycardia should not be uncritically attributed to the head
injury, since these findings in the setting of blunt trauma are suggestive of
serious thoracic, abdominal, or pelvic hemorrhage. When cardiovascular
collapse occurs as a result of rising intracranial pressure, it is generally
accompanied by hypertension, bradycardia, and respiratory depression.
156. The answer is b. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 324–325.) Because of the colon’s
poor blood supply and its fecal content, colon injuries are more difficult to
manage than small-bowel injuries. Recently the necessity of mandatory
colostomy for civilian colon injuries has been questioned. About 85% of
civilian colon injuries are small wounds from low- or medium-velocity gunshots or stab wounds, which are less likely to produce gross fecal spillage.
These injuries can be repaired primarily in the absence of gross contamination, regardless of the right- or left-sided location of injury. Shock on admission and multiple associated injuries are not universally viewed as absolute
contraindications to primary repair in such cases. Gross contamination or
large amounts of hard intraluminal feces remain generally accepted contraindications to primary repair. Alternatives include end colostomy with
mucous fistula or Hartmann’s pouch, exteriorization of a primary repair,
and protection of a primary repair in the distal colon by formation of a proximal colostomy. In all cases in which traumatic colon injury is suspected, the
early administration of broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics seems to
reduce the incidence of postoperative infectious complications.
157. The answer is d. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 269–270.) Because they are so
often malnourished and at high risk for other conditions that alter their
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Surgery
immunocompetence, drug addicts have an extraordinary susceptibility to
infections of the type that can quickly progress to threaten life and limb.
Among the most virulent are those that give rise to anaerobic cellulitis.
Terms sometimes used for these infections are gas abscess, gangrenous cellulitis, localized gas gangrene, and epifascial gangrene. Suppuration and extensive gas formation are common and usually localized, unlike the infections
associated with myonecrosis. These lesions may be clostridial or nonclostridial. Clostridium perfringens is the most common culprit, but anaerobic cellulitis and gas formation have been associated with a variety of
obligate anaerobes including Bacteroides species, Peptostreptococcus, and
Peptococcus, and the gram-negative enteric bacilli (E. coli, Klebsiella),
staphylococci, and streptococci. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is not implicated
in these aggressive infections. Since the progressive injury results from liberation of bacterial exotoxins, antitoxin administration at this stage is futile.
Treatment is determined by immediate inspection of a Gram stain of the
thin, dark, malodorous wound drainage or a needle aspirate of the crepitant area: if large, “boxcar-shaped” gram-positive bacilli are present, it is a
clostridial infection and high doses of parenteral penicillin G (20 million
U/day) are indicated; if a polymicrobial Gram stain is seen, clindamycinaminoglycoside should be added until specific sensitivities are known.
Aggressive debridement is always indicated.
158. The answer is c. (Dubrow, Surgery 106:267–273, 1989. Miller, Arch
Surg 124:805–807, 1989.) The spectrum of blunt cardiac injuries includes
myocardial contusion, rupture, and internal (chamber and septal) disruptions such as traumatic septal defects, papillary muscle tears, and valvular
tears. Myocardial contusions are by far the most common of these injuries.
They usually occur in persons who sustain a direct blow to the sternum, as
seen in a driver whose sternum is forcibly compressed by the steering column in a deceleration injury. Over 50% of patients with myocardial contusion demonstrate external signs of thoracic trauma, including sternal
tenderness, abrasions, ecchymosis, palpable crepitus, rib fractures, or flail
segments. Overall, fewer than 10% of patients have conduction abnormalities, dysrhythmias, or ischemic patterns on initial ECG. Elevated cardiac
isoenzyme levels are specific for myocardial injury, but they lack clinical
significance in patients without ECG abnormalities or hemodynamic instability. First-pass radionuclide angiography (RNA) and echocardiography
provide sensitive assessment of ventricular wall motion and ejection frac-
Trauma and Shock
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109
tion after blunt chest trauma and are currently viewed as the “gold standard” for the diagnosis of myocardial contusion. But while RNA and
echocardiography sensitively detect small abnormalities in myocardial
function, they are poor predictors of the significant cardiac complications
of pump failure and arrhythmia. Traditionally, management of patients
with myocardial contusion has included continuous ECG monitoring in an
intensive care unit for 48–72 h, even in hemodynamically stable patients
without other injuries. Because of the large number of patients with blunt
chest trauma from automobile accidents, however, this policy has been
scrutinized. Virtually all patients who develop cardiac complications display ECG abnormalities on arrival in the emergency room or within the
first 24 h. Since an abnormal ECG is a good predictor of subsequent complications, stable patients with possible myocardial contusions but with a
normal ECG tracing may be placed on telemetry for 24 h, rather than monitored in an ICU.
159. The answer is d. (Weissman, Anesthesiology 73:308–327, 1990.)
Injury and sepsis result in accelerated protein breakdown with increased
urinary nitrogen loss and increased peripheral release of amino acids. The
negative nitrogen balance represents the net result of breakdown and synthesis (with breakdown increased and synthesis increased or diminished).
Amino acids such as alanine are released by muscle and transported to the
liver for incorporation into acute-phase proteins including fibrinogen,
complement, haptoglobin, and ferritin. The amino acids also undergo gluconeogenesis to glucose, which is utilized primarily by the brain and other
glycolytic tissues such as peripheral nerves, erythrocytes, and bone marrow. Other tissues receive energy from fat in the form of fatty acids or
ketone bodies during starvation following major trauma; this helps to conserve body protein. Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the
blood, and its levels in muscle and blood decrease following injury and
sepsis as it is consumed rapidly by replicating fibroblasts, lymphocytes,
and intestinal endothelial cells. The use of glutamine may decrease protein
catabolism in the intestine and may help prevent atrophy of the gastrointestinal tract in starved and parenterally nourished patients. Along with the
counterregulatory hormones (glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol), interleukin
1 appears to mediate muscle breakdown. Recent studies have indicated
that TNF (also called cachectin because of the role it plays in muscle wasting in septic or oncologic patients) also may be a principal catabolic
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cytokine in the traumatized patient. This protein is secreted by
macrophages and further affects metabolism by inducing secretion of interleukin 1 and inhibiting synthesis and activity of lipogenic enzymes.
160. The answer is e. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 324–325. Schwartz, 7/e, pp
199–200.) Penetrating injury to the intraperitoneal or extraperitoneal rectum should be diagnosed by immediate sigmoidoscopy. Contrast studies of
the rectum, when sigmoidoscopy is inconclusive, should use a watersoluble radiopaque medium such as Gastrografin. The use of barium is
contraindicated because its spillage in the peritoneal cavity mixed with
feces would increase the likelihood of subsequent intraabdominal
abscesses. Instrumentation of the bullet track is also contraindicated
because of the risk of injury to adjacent structures (e.g., bladder, ureters,
iliac vessels). Angiography is not a sensitive method for demonstrating
injury of the intestinal wall.
161. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 188–192.) The overwhelming
majority of patients explored for blunt trauma to the liver sustain their
injuries in motor vehicle accidents. In a large consecutive series of 323
patients with blunt hepatic trauma who were explored for the finding of
hemoperitoneum on peritoneal lavage, the mortality was 31%. Forty-two
percent of the deaths, due primarily to liver injury, occurred intraoperatively during the initial operation following admission. All operations were
performed at a regional trauma center by staff trauma surgeons. Their findings included the following observations: (1) intraoperative deaths were
due to uncontrolled hemorrhage; (2) patients with major hepatic injuries
who survived operation but nevertheless died appeared to succumb either
to sepsis or to associated injuries, usually involving the head or chest; (3)
hepatic artery ligation for control of bleeding yielded dismal results—of the
3 surviving patients who underwent hepatic artery ligation (an additional
11 died), 2 required reoperation for continued bleeding; (4) the use of
drains (passive and active) was associated with a significantly greater incidence of intraabdominal infectious complications; (5) intracaval shunting
was used in 7 severely injured patients without a survivor; (6) while minor
hepatic injuries required little or no treatment, major lacerations could
usually be controlled with simple absorbable sutures placed 2–3 cm from
the fracture edge, without occurrence of subsequent intrahepatic
hematoma, hemobilia, or bile fistulae; (7) hepatic fragmentation may be
Trauma and Shock
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111
treated by nonanatomic debridement, with suture ligation of individual
bleeding points—of nine attempts at formal anatomic resection in stable
patients, all ended in uncontrollable hemorrhage and death.
162. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 172–175, 204–206.) The presence of ischemic changes following vascular trauma is an indication for
emergency exploration and repair. Nonsurgical management of arterial
trauma when distal pulses are palpable may lead to delayed sequelae of
embolization, occlusion, secondary hemorrhage, false aneurysm, and traumatic arteriovenous fistula. The presence of palpable pulses does not reliably exclude significant arterial injury. Injuries that may be missed if
exploration is not performed include lacerations and partial transections
containing hematomas, intramural or intraluminal thromboses, and intimal disruptions or tears. Injury to motor nerves would be apparent on neurologic examination. Injury to bone would be diagnosed by x-ray. Adjacent
venous injury, in the absence of an expanding hematoma, would not by
itself mandate exploration because there are numerous collateral venous
channels in the extremities. Prophylactic fasciotomy is not routinely performed for all arterial injuries but is indicated in the presence of an
ischemic period exceeding 4–6 h, combined arterial and major venous
injury, prolonged periods of hypotension, massive associated soft tissue
trauma, and massive edema.
163. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 102–105.) The biochemical
changes associated with shock result from tissue hypoperfusion, endocrine
response to stress, and specific organ system failure. During shock, the
sympathetic nervous system and adrenal medulla are stimulated to release
catecholamines. Renin, angiotensin, antidiuretic hormone, adrenocorticotropin, and cortisol levels increase. Resultant changes include sodium
and water retention and an increase in potassium excretion, protein catabolism, and gluconeogenesis. Potassium levels rise as a result of increased
tissue release, anaerobic metabolism, and decreased renal perfusion. If
renal function is maintained, potassium excretion is high and normal
plasma potassium levels are restored.
164. The answer is d. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 1277–1278.) A subperichondrial hematoma in the pinna of the ear may lead to avascular necrosis of the
cartilage with shriveling of the pinna and fibrosis and calcification of the
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Surgery
hematoma. The result is the deformity known as “cauliflower ear.” Appropriate treatment consists of evacuation of the hematoma by incision and
tight packing of the skin and perichondrium onto the cartilage with a pressure dressing. Needle aspiration does not effect adequate drainage. Ice
packs may be helpful early, but are not sufficient to prevent the deformity;
antibiotics are not indicated for this lesion. Since the hematoma is subperichondrial, excision of the hematoma would remove the perichondrium
and lead to cartilage deformities.
165. The answer is c. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 83–84, 123.) Infusion of lactated
Ringer’s solution is an effective immediate step, both clinically and experimentally, in managing hypovolemic shock. Use of this balanced salt solution helps correct the fluid deficit (in the extracellular, extravascular
compartment) resulting from hypovolemic shock. This procedure may
decrease requirements for whole blood in patients with hemorrhagic
shock. If blood loss has been minimal and is controlled, whole blood transfusion may be avoided entirely. The theoretical objection to infusion of lactated Ringer’s solution is that it will increase lactate levels and compound
the problem of lactic acidosis. This has not been borne out in animal or
clinical studies. Along with the hemodynamic improvement that follows
volume restitution, liver function improves, lactate metabolism is
improved, excess lactate levels drop, and metabolic acidosis improves.
166–167. The answers are 166-e, 167-d. (Cass, Urol Clin North Am
16:213–220, 1989.) In stable patients with suspected genitourinary tract
injury, the first urologic study other than urinalysis should be the intravenous urogram. The technique of high-dose drip infusion is desirable
because the high concentration of contrast achieved greatly facilitates interpretation in an unprepared patient. Intravenous pyelography should be
performed before retrograde cystography to avoid obscuring visualization
of the lower ureteral tract. The study also may preclude the need for retrograde urethrography in cases where, unlike the case presented, there is a
suspicion of urethral injury. Renal arteriography is not indicated routinely
but should be performed to rule out renal pedicle injury when no kidney
function is demonstrated by drip infusion urography. Peritoneal lavage is
not useful in the diagnosis of genitourinary injuries because the structures
are retroperitoneal. Seventy to eighty percent of patients with blunt renal
trauma are successfully treated nonsurgically. Bed rest may reduce the like-
Trauma and Shock
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113
lihood of secondary hemorrhage; antibiotics may reduce the chance of
infection’s developing in a perirenal hematoma. Failure of conservative
treatment is indicated by rising fever, increasing leukocytosis, evidence of
secondary hemorrhage, and persistent or increasing pain and tenderness in
the region of the kidney.
168. The answer is e. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 315–317.) The majority of penetrating pancreatic injuries can be managed with simple drainage. Injury to
the major pancreatic duct to the left of the mesenteric vessels is effectively
treated with a distal pancreatectomy. The high morbidity and mortality of
a pancreaticoduodenectomy for trauma limit its use to extensive blunt
injuries to both pancreatic head and duodenum. For ductal injury in the
region of the head of the pancreas, a Roux-en-Y limb of jejunum should be
brought up and used to drain the transected duct. The proximity of the
pancreas to many other major structures makes combined injuries frequent
(90%). Complications of pancreatic injury include fistula, pseudocyst, and
abscess, but the cause of death in patients with pancreatic injury is most
frequently exsanguination from associated injury to major vascular structures such as the splenic vessels, mesenteric vessels, aorta, or inferior vena
cava. Finally, however small, all peripancreatic hematomas should be
explored to search for pancreatic injury. Simple drainage is usually adequate treatment in such cases, but failure to recognize a pancreatic injury
can have catastrophic sequelae.
169. The answer is d. (Dutky, J Trauma 29:856–860, 1989.) Rapid fluid
administration is often the key to successful trauma resuscitation. Some of
the important factors affecting the rate of fluid resuscitation include the
diameter of the intravenous tubing, the size and length of the venous cannulae, the fluid viscosity, and the site of administration. According to
Poiseuille’s law, flow is proportional to the fourth power of the radius of a
catheter and inversely proportional to its length. Therefore, the shorter a
catheter and the larger its diameter, the faster one can infuse a solution
through it. Central venous placement alone does not assure rapid flow.
Importantly, the diameter of the intravenous tubing employed may be the
rate-determining factor in fluid delivery: blood-infusion tubing allows
twice the flow of standard intravenous tubing and should be used when
rapid fluid resuscitation is needed. Any patient who is suspected of having
a major abdominal injury should immediately have at least two short,
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Surgery
large-bore (16-gauge or larger) intravenous cannulae placed in peripheral
veins. Longer, smaller catheters, such as standard 18-gauge central venous
catheters, may take more time to place and will have lower flow rates. Once
fluid resuscitation is under way, one may elect to place an 8- or 9-French
pulmonary artery catheter-introducer via a central venous approach for
further volume administration, as well as for measurement of central
venous pressure or for Swan-Ganz catheter insertion. Lower-extremity
venous cannulae, placed by saphenous vein cutdown or percutaneously
into the femoral veins, are no longer advised as primary access for patients
with abdominal trauma, since possible disruption of iliac veins or the inferior vena cava will render volume infusion ineffective. Studies have demonstrated that the flow rate of cold whole blood is roughly two-thirds that of
whole blood at room temperature. Diluting and warming the blood by
“piggybacking” it into infusion lines that are delivering crystalloid will
decrease the blood’s viscosity, enhance flow, and minimize hypothermia.
170. The answer is c. (Flint, Ann Surg 211:703–707, 1990. Trunkey, Can J
Surg 27:479–486, 1984.) The pneumatic antishock garment (PASG) is composed of inflatable overalls with three compartments, two for the legs and
one for the abdomen. It has now been convincingly demonstrated that the
PASG elevates blood pressure by increasing peripheral vascular resistance
rather than by an “autotransfusion” effect on venous return and increased
cardiac output. The PASG is beneficial for controlling bleeding from pelvic
fractures by reduction of pelvic volume and immobilization to restrict fracture movement. The suit pressure must be released very slowly because
rapid deflation can lead to sudden, irreversible hypotension. This is probably due to a sudden decrease in peripheral vascular resistance and to the
effects of vasodilation and wash-out of accumulated metabolites of capillary beds under the suit. Upon reperfusion of the lower body, a systemic
metabolic acidemia with hyperkalemia may result and must be closely
monitored. For these reasons satisfactory intravenous volume must be
attained prior to decompression of the PASG, a delay that may prevent adequate early evaluation of concealed injuries to the lower body.
171. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 6/e, p 675.) Although indications for
thoracotomy in the emergency room are controversial, the procedure
appears to be most beneficial when it is employed to (1) release cardiac
tamponade in patients with penetrating thoracic trauma who are deterio-
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rating too rapidly for a subxiphoid pericardial window to be created; (2)
allow cross-clamping of the descending aorta in patients with intraabdominal bleeding for whom other measures are not effective in maintaining
blood pressure; and (3) allow effective internal cardiac massage in patients
who arrive in the emergency room with faint or absent pulses and distant
heart sounds, and for whom other resuscitative efforts are unsuccessful. By
contrast, existing evidence suggests that patients who are unsalvageable
and do not benefit from emergency room thoracotomy include (1) those
with no vital signs (pulse, pupillary reaction, spontaneous respiration) in
the field and (2) those with blunt trauma to multiple organ systems and
absent vital signs upon arrival in the emergency room.
172. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 6/e, pp 1181–1182.) Most enterocutaneous fistulas result from trauma sustained during surgical procedures.
Irradiated, obstructed, and inflamed intestine is prone to fistulization.
Complications of fistulas include fluid and electrolyte depletion, skin
necrosis, and malnutrition. Fistulas are classified according to their location and the volume of output, because these factors influence prognosis
and treatment. When the patient is stable, a barium swallow is obtained to
determine (1) the location of the fistula, (2) the relation of the fistula to
other hollow intraabdominal organs, and (3) whether there is distal
obstruction. Proximal small-bowel fistulas tend to produce a high output
of intestinal fluid and are less likely to close with conservative management
than are distal, low-output fistulas. Small-bowel fistulas that communicate
with other organs, particularly the ureter and bladder, may need aggressive
surgical repair because of the risk of associated infections. The presence of
obstruction distal to the fistula (e.g., an anastomotic stricture) can be diagnosed by barium contrast study and mandates correction of the obstruction. When these poor prognostic factors for stabilization and spontaneous
closure are observed, early surgical intervention must be undertaken. The
patient in the question, however, appears to have a low-output, distal enterocutaneous fistula. Control of the fistulous drainage should be provided by
percutaneous intubation of the tract with a soft catheter. This is usually
accomplished under fluoroscopic guidance. Antispasmodic drugs have not
been proved effective; somatostatin has been used with mixed success in
the setting of high-output (greater than 500 mL/day) fistulas. There is no
indication for antibiotics in the absence of sepsis. Total parenteral nutrition
(TPN) is given to maintain or restore the patient’s nutritional balance while
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Surgery
minimizing the quantity of dietary fluids and endogenous secretions in the
gastrointestinal tract. A period of 4–6 wk of TPN therapy is warranted to
allow for spontaneous closure of a low-output, distal fistula. Should conservative management fail, surgical closure of the fistula is performed.
173. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 6/e, pp 981–982.) Traumatic arterial
injuries can be handled with several techniques. The basic principles of
debridement of injured tissue and reestablishment of flow should be
observed. Primary end-to-end anastomosis is preferable if this can be
accomplished without tension. When 5 cm of artery has been destroyed, it
is impossible to perform a tension-free primary anastomosis, and a
reversed saphenous vein graft is the repair of choice. Ligation of the artery
is to be avoided in order to prevent gangrene and limb loss. The use of
prosthetic material (Gore-Tex) in a potentially infected field is also to be
avoided as infection at the suture line often leads to delayed hemorrhage.
Harvesting an arterial graft of similar diameter from elsewhere in the body
is hazardous and unnecessary when vein is available.
174. The answer is c. (Cameron, 4/e, pp 820–824.) Traumatic injuries to
the diaphragm are associated with both blunt and penetrating trauma. The
spleen, kidneys, intestines, and liver are the most frequently injured
abdominal organs in blunt trauma; the diaphragm is the least. Missed
injuries lead to problems with herniation and bowel strangulation with sufficient frequency that repair should not be delayed. All such injuries
require repair once the diagnosis is made and the patient has been stabilized. Most acute defects in the diaphragm can be repaired via an abdominal approach, which allows exploration for coexisting injuries.
175–177. The answers are 175-a, d; 176-a, b, e; 177-c. (Davis, pp
2789–2790. Walters, Surg Gynecol Obstet 165:496–502, 1988.) Peritoneal
lavage is a diagnostic technique used to identify occult intraperitoneal injury
in patients with abdominal trauma. An abnormal lavage is obtained when the
lavage effluent exceeds allowable levels of blood, bile, or amylase; the presence of vegetable matter also constitutes an abnormal result. Lavage has been
used most widely in the triage of hemodynamically stable victims of abdominal trauma who are suspected of having significant injuries but who manifest equivocal physical findings. Further indications for lavage are the
suspicion of abdominal injury in patients with altered sensoria, patients with
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117
unexplained blood loss, and patients who require general anesthesia to treat
other injuries. The technique is exquisitely sensitive to intraabdominal bleeding and will detect as little as 20 mL of free blood in the peritoneal cavity.
Because stable retroperitoneal hematomas and minor lacerations of the liver
and spleen often shed sufficient blood to produce a positive lavage, some
authors have advocated abdominal CT as the preferred method of identifying
occult operable injuries of the abdomen. Also, CT with oral and intravenous
contrast can provide accurate images of the injured retroperitoneum and the
solid intraabdominal viscera (as lavage cannot). Neither CT nor lavage has
been a reliable indicator of small intestinal and diaphragmatic injuries, and
neither has been useful in obtaining hemostasis nonoperatively. Angiography,
however, may be employed to demonstrate visceral or pelvic arterial extravasation and to control hemorrhage by selective embolization.
178–180. The answers are 178-d, e, f; 179-d, e, j; 180-b, c, f, h.
(Schwartz, 6/e, pp 193–219.) Deceleration injuries commonly result from
high-speed motor vehicle accidents and falls from considerable heights.
The mechanism of injury is the shearing of pedicled organs from their
points of attachment to the retroperitoneum. Because these pedicles are
usually vascular, the injury results in bleeding and ischemia of the affected
organ. Pedicled organs in the abdomen include the intestines (small and
large) and the kidneys. Deceleration injuries to the aorta occur in the mediastinum and are usually fatal.
The small intestine and its mesentery is by far the most commonly
injured abdominal organ in penetrating trauma because of its sheer mass
and central location. A midline bullet at the level of the umbilicus is most
likely to strike small intestine, the transverse colon, and perhaps the aorta
or vena cava. The great vessels bifurcate just at the level of the umbilicus.
The diaphragm, stomach, and pancreas would be superior to this injury;
the bladder below; and the liver, spleen, and kidneys lateral.
The relative incidence of organ injury in blunt trauma is highest for
solid organs (spleen, liver, and kidneys). Although hollow viscera are less
likely to be injured by blunt trauma, this rule does not apply when the hollow viscus is full; for example, rupture of a full urinary bladder is frequently described when blunt force is applied to the lower abdomen. In
addition to the spleen, liver, and kidneys, extreme blunt force to the upper
abdomen may fracture the pancreas, which is susceptible to injury because
of its position overlying the rigid spinal column.
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181–185. The answers are 181-b, 182-e, 183-a, 184-d, 185-c.
(Schwartz, 6/e, pp 672–684.) Flail chest describes the paradoxical motion of
the chest wall that occurs when consecutive ribs are broken in more than
one place, usually following blunt trauma to the thorax. Respiratory distress may ensue when the noncompliant flail segment interferes with generation of adequate positive and negative intrathoracic pressure needed to
move air through the trachea. In addition, a blow sufficiently violent to
cause a flail chest may also contuse the underlying pulmonary
parenchyma, which compounds the respiratory distress. Treatment consists of stabilizing the chest wall. Although some temporary benefit may be
gained by external buttressing of the chest (e.g., with sandbags, or by turning the patient onto the affected side), endotracheal intubation provides
rapid and safe control of the airway, as well as stabilization of the chest
internally by positive pressure ventilation.
Airway obstruction denotes partial or complete occlusion of the tracheobronchial tree by foreign bodies, secretions, or crush injuries of the
upper respiratory tract. Patients may present with symptoms ranging from
cough and mild dyspnea to stridor and hypoxic cardiac arrest. An initial
effort should be made to digitally clear the airway and to suction visible
secretions; in selected, stable patients, fiberoptic endoscopy may be
employed to determine the cause of obstruction and to retrieve foreign
objects. Unstable patients whose airways cannot be quickly reestablished
by clearing the oropharynx must be intubated. An endotracheal intubation
may be attempted, but cricothyroidotomy is indicated in the presence of
proximal obstruction or severe maxillofacial trauma.
Blunt or penetrating trauma to the pericardium and heart will result in
pericardial tamponade when fluid pressure in the pericardial space exceeds
central venous pressure and thus prevents venous return to the heart. The
result is shock, despite adequate volume and myocardial function. The treatment is pericardial decompression. A subxiphoid, supradiaphragmatic incision and creation of a pericardial “window,” ideally performed in the
operating room, provides a rapid, safe means of confirming the diagnosis of
tamponade and of relieving venous obstruction. If heavy bleeding is encountered on opening the pericardial window, a sternotomy may be performed.
Tension pneumothorax occurs when a laceration of the visceral pulmonary pleura acts as a one-way valve that allows air to enter the pleural
space from an underlying parenchymal injury but not to escape. Increasing
intrapleural pressure causes collapse of the ipsilateral lung, compression of
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119
the contralateral lung due to mediastinal shift toward the opposite
hemithorax, and diminished venous return. Treatment consists of relieving
the pneumothorax. This is best accomplished by tube thoracostomy.
Open pneumothorax occurs when a traumatic defect in the chest wall
permits free communication of the pleural space with atmospheric pressure. If the defect is larger than two-thirds of the tracheal diameter, respiratory efforts will move air in and out through the defect in the chest wall
rather than through the trachea. The immediate treatment is placement of
an occlusive dressing over the defect; subsequent interventions include
placement of a thoracostomy tube (preferably through a separate incision),
formal closure of the chest wall, and ventilatory assistance if needed.
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TRANSPLANTS,
IMMUNOLOGY, AND
ONCOLOGY
Questions
DIRECTIONS: Each item below contains a question or incomplete
statement followed by suggested responses. Select the one best response to
each question.
186. Tissue injury or infection
results in the release of tumor
necrosis factor (TNF) by which of
the following cells?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Fibroblasts
Damaged vascular endothelial cells
Monocytes/macrophages
Activated T lymphocytes
Activated killer lymphocytes
187. A cross-match is performed
by incubating
a. Donor serum with recipient lymphocytes and complement
b. Donor lymphocytes with recipient
serum and complement
c. Donor lymphocytes with recipient
lymphocytes
d. Recipient serum with a known
panel of multiple donor lymphocytes
e. Recipient serum with donor red
blood cells and complement
188. In
order
to
activate
helper/inducer T (CD41) lymphocytes, macrophages release
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Interleukin 1
Interleukin 2
Interleukin 3
Interleukin 4
Interferon
189. Which of the following cells
cause immunologically restricted
tumor cell lysis?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Macrophages
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes
Natural killer cells
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Helper T lymphocytes
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Surgery
190. The primary mechanism of
action of cyclosporine A is inhibition of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Macrophage function
Antibody production
Interleukin 1 production
Interleukin 2 production
Cytotoxic T-cell effectiveness
Items 191–192
A 24-year-old woman presents
with lethargy, anorexia, tachypnea,
and weakness. Laboratory studies
reveal a BUN of 150 mg/dL, serum
creatinine of 16 mg/dL, and potassium of 6.2 meq/L. Chest x-ray
shows increased pulmonary vascularity and a dilated heart.
191. Management of this patient
would include
a. Emergency kidney transplantation
b. Creation and immediate use of a
forearm arteriovenous fistula
c. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate
(Kayexalate) enemas
d. A 100-g protein diet
e. Cardiac biopsy via femoral vein
catheterization
192. In the course of 3 mo of treatment, the patient’s congestive heart
failure resolves, the lethargy and
weakness diminish markedly, and
she is able to return to work parttime. Family immune profile studies reveal that her mother and her
father both are haplotype identical
with regard to HLA antigens and
that her sister is a six-antigen
match. The patient at this time
should be urged to
a. Continue hemodialysis three times
a week
b. Undergo cadaveric renal transplantation
c. Accept a kidney transplant from
her sister
d. Accept a kidney transplant from
her father
e. Accept a kidney transplant from
her mother
193. After the first postoperative
year of cardiac transplantation, the
most common cause of death is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Infection
Arrhythmia
Accelerated graft arteriosclerosis
Acute rejection episode
Cancer
Transplants, Immunology, and Oncology
123
194. Which of the following precludes cadaveric renal transplantation?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Positive cross-match
Donor blood type O
Two-antigen HLA match with donor
Blood pressure of 180/100 mm Hg
Hemoglobin level of 8.2 g/dL
195. Which of the following statements regarding hyperacute rejection of
a transplanted kidney is true?
a.
b.
c.
d.
It is mediated by preformed donor antibodies against recipient HLA antigens
It can be prevented by performing lymphocytotoxicity cross-match testing
It is manifest grossly by a swollen, pale kidney at the time of transplant surgery
This form of rejection is associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation
(DIC)
e. The rejection process can be treated with a steroid bolus and OKT3
124
Surgery
196. Which of the following statements regarding heart transplantation is true?
a. Heart transplants are matched by
size and ABO blood type rather
than tissue typing
b. Cadaveric graft survival is significantly lower with heart transplants
as compared with renal transplants
c. Cold ischemia time for donor hearts
should not be more than 48 h
d. The upper age limit for heart transplant eligibility is 55 years
e. The leading cause of death after the
first year of cardiac transplantation
is chronic rejection
197. A 47-year-old man with
hypertensive nephropathy develops fever, graft tenderness, and
oliguria 4 wk following cadaveric
renal transplantation. Serum creatinine is 3.1 mg/dL. A renal ultrasound reveals mild edema of the
renal papillae but normal flow in
both the renal artery and renal vein.
Nuclear scan demonstrates sluggish uptake and excretion. The
next most appropriate step is
a. Performing an angiogram
b. Decreasing steroid and cyclosporine dose
c. Beginning intravenous antibiotics
d. Performing renal biopsy, steroid
boost, and immunoglobulin therapy
e. Beginning FK 506
198. Posttransplant cytomegalovirus infection may cause
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Plyelonephritis
GI ulceration and hemorrhage
Cholecystitis
Intraabdominal abscess
Parotitis
199. In centers with experienced
personnel, 1-year liver transplant
survival is now approximately
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
95%
80%
65%
50%
35%
200. Graft-versus-host disease has
occurred with the transplantation
of which of the following?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Kidney
Lung
Heart
Bone marrow
Pancreas
201. Which of the following diseases is appropriately treated with
combined heart-lung transplantation?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Primary pulmonary hypertension
Cystic fibrosis
End-stage emphysema
Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
with long-standing secondary pulmonary hypertension
e. End-stage pulmonary fibrosis secondary to sarcoidosis
Transplants, Immunology, and Oncology
125
202. Which of the following is
true regarding successful wholeorgan pancreas transplantation in
type I diabetes?
204. Which of the following statements is true of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
proteins?
a. It results in maintenance of normal
serum glucose levels
b. Recurrence of diabetic nephropathy in simultaneously transplanted
kidneys is not prevented
c. Oral glucose tolerance tests remain
abnormal
d. The pathologic changes of diabetic
retinopathy are reversed
e. The rate of diabetic ulcers and
amputations in the lower extremities is reduced
a. Only nonnucleated cells express
MHC class I proteins
b. B lymphocytes, antigen-presenting
cells, and vascular endothelium
express only MHC class II proteins
c. MHC class I proteins are encoded
by the HLA-D locus (DR, DP, and
DQ)
d. MHC class I proteins act as the
major targets for antibody-mediated
rejection of organ allografts and are
detected by cross-matching techniques
e. B cells recognize antigens bound to
MHC class II proteins
203. Which of the following is
true regarding bone marrow transplantation?
a. Marrow is highly immunogenic
and easily rejected by the nonimmunosuppressed host
b. Marrow transplantation has not
been successful in the treatment of
aplastic anemias
c. Marrow transplantation has not
been successful in the treatment of
congenital immunodeficiency diseases
d. Marrow transplantation can be
used as a successful therapy for
stage IV breast cancer following
high-dose chemotherapy
e. Marrow transplantation must be
performed with low-level immunosuppression to enhance the degree
of chimerism
205. The most useful serum
marker for detecting recurrent disease after treatment of nonseminomatous testicular cancer is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
α-fetoprotein (AFP)
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
CA125
p53 oncogene
126
Surgery
206. An edentulous 72-year-old
man with a 50-year history of cigarette smoking presents with a nontender, hard mass in the lateral
neck. The simplest way to establish
an accurate histological diagnosis
of a neck mass suspected to be cancerous is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Fine needle aspiration cytology
Bone marrow biopsy
Nasopharyngoscopy
CT scan of the head and neck
Sinus x-ray
207. Which of the following is
true regarding intravenous administration of chemotherapy?
a. Subcutaneous extravasation of carmustine (BCNU) or 5-fluorouracil
(5-FU) usually causes ulceration
b. Extravasation of doxorubicin rarely
causes serious ulceration because
the agent binds quickly to tissue
nucleic acid
c. Serious and progressive ulceration
can be expected following extravasation of vincristine or vinblastine
d. Problems of wound healing should
be anticipated if systemic 5-FU
therapy is begun less than 2 wk
postoperatively
e. Administration of folinic acid prevents most of the toxicity of
methotrexate, but does not help to
normalize wound healing
208. For which of the following
malignancies does histologic grade
best correlate with prognosis?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Lung cancer
Melanoma
Colonic adenocarcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Soft tissue sarcoma
Transplants, Immunology, and Oncology
127
209. A mother notices an abdominal mass in her 3-year-old son while giving him a bath. There is no history of any symptoms, but the boy’s blood
pressure is elevated at 105/85 mm Hg. Metastatic workup is negative and
the patient is explored. The mass below is found within the left kidney.
Which of the following statements concerning this disease is correct?
a. This tumor is associated with aniridia, hemihypertrophy, and cryptochidism
b. The majority of patients present with an asymptomatic abdominal mass and
hematuria
c. Treatment with surgical excision, radiation, and chemotherapy results in survival
of less than 60% even in histologically low-grade tumors
d. Surgical excision is curative and no further treatment is ordinarily advised
e. This tumor is the most common malignancy in childhood
210. An 11-year-old girl presents to your office because of a family history
of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Physical examination is normal.
Which of the following tests would you perform?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Urine vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) level
Serum insulin level
Serum gastrin level
Serum glucagon level
Serum somatostatin level
128
Surgery
211. A 37-year-old woman has
developed a 6-cm mass on her
anterior thigh over the past 10 mo.
The mass appears to be fixed to the
underlying muscle, but the overlying skin is movable. The next most
appropriate step in management is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Above-knee amputation
Excisional biopsy
Incisional biopsy
Bone scan
Abdominal CT scan
212. A 50-year-old man is incidentally discovered to have nonHodgkin’s lymphoma confined to
the submucosa of the stomach during esophagogastroduodenoscopy
for dyspepsia. Which of the following statements is true regarding his
condition?
a. Surgery alone cannot be considered
adequate treatment
b. Combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy, without prior resecton, are not effective
c. Combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy, without prior resection, result in a high risk of severe
hemorrhage and perforation
d. Outcome (freedom from progression and overall survival) is related
to the histological grade of the
tumor
e. The stomach is the most common
site for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
of the gastrointestinal tract
213. Interferons are correctly
characterized by which of the following statements?
a. They are a group of complex phospholipids
b. They are produced by virus-infected
cells
c. They enhance viral replication
d. They cause Burkitt’s lymphoma cell
lines to divide
e. They have not been effective in the
treatment of hairy cell leukemias
214. Which of the following statements regarding malignant parotid
tumors is correct?
a. Acinar carcinoma is a highly aggressive malignant tumor of the
parotid gland
b. Squamous carcinoma of the parotid
gland exhibits only moderately
malignant behavior
c. Regional node dissection for occult
metastases is not indicated for
malignant parotid tumors because
of their low incidence and the morbidity of lymphadenectomy
d. Facial nerve preservation should be
attempted when the surgical margins of resection are free of tumor
e. Total parotidectomy (superficial
and deep portions of the gland) is
indicated for malignant tumors
Transplants, Immunology, and Oncology
215. Which of the following
potentially operable complications
is a common occurrence among
patients receiving systemic chemotherapy?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Acute cholecystitis
Perirectal abscess
Appendicitis
Incarcerated femoral hernia
Diverticulitis
216. Which of the following statements regarding testicular cancer is
true?
a. Lymph node dissection after radical
orchiectomy is useful for staging
but does not increase survival
b. Seminomas and choriocarcinomas
are best treated with orchiectomy
and retroperitoneal lymph node
dissection
c. Seminomas are extremely resistant
to radiotherapy
d. Orchiectomy for a testicular mass is
approached via the scrotum
e. Cryptorchidism is associated with
an increased risk of testicular cancer
217. Advantages of dialysis over
renal transplantation include
a. Less expense if the treatment continues for less than 2 years
b. Increased number of pregnancies
in female dialysis patients
c. Return of normal menses in female
dialysis patients
d. Less anemia in dialysis patients
e. Increased 1-year survival of dialysis
patients
129
Items 218–219
A 30-year-old primigravida
complains of headaches, restlessness, sweating, and tachycardia.
She is 18 wk pregnant and her
blood pressure is 200/120 mm Hg.
218. Appropriate workup might
include
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Exploratory laparotomy
Mesenteric angiography
Head CT scan
Abdominal CT scan
Abdominal ultrasonogram
219. Appropriate treatment might
consist of
a. Therapeutic abortion
b. Urgent excision of the tumor and a
therapeutic abortion
c. Phenoxybenzamine and propranolol followed by a combined
cesarean section and excision of the
tumor
d. Metyrosine (Demser) blockade followed by a combined cesarean section and excision of the tumor
e. Phenoxybenzamine and propranolol followed by a combined vaginal delivery at term and excision of
the tumor
130
Surgery
220. Which of the following statements regarding radiation therapy
is true?
222. Which statement concerning
cancer and nutrition is correct?
a. Damage to DNA occurs primarily
by the direct effect of ionizing radiation
b. Cellular hypoxia decreases sensitivity to radiation
c. Cells in the S phase of the cell cycle
are most radiosensitive
d. Radiation therapy following lumpectomy of a breast cancer provides
rates of local control equal to those
of mastectomy
e. Skin, gastrointestinal mucosa, and
bone marrow are relatively insensitive to radiotherapy
a. Levels of nitrates in food and drinking water are positively correlated
with the incidence of bladder cancer
b. Regular ingestion of vitamin D
from childhood probably inhibits
formation of carcinogens
c. Consumption of excessive amounts
of animal dietary fats is associated
with increased incidences of colon
cancer
d. Nutritional support of cancer
patients improves response of the
tumor to chemotherapy
e. Alcohol ingestion is associated with
pancreatic cancer
221. Which of the following statements regarding cancer therapy
with interleukin 2 (IL-2) is true?
223. How do cardiac allografts differ from renal allografts?
a. It is a B-cell growth factor
b. It induces a major response in
patients with metastatic breast cancer
c. It induces a major response in
patients with metastatic colon cancer
d. It induces a major response in
patients with metastatic melanoma
e. It induces a major response in
patients with lymphoma
a. Cardiac allografts are matched by
HLA tissue typing and renal allografts are not
b. Cardiac allografts can tolerate a
longer period of cold ischemia than
renal allografts
c. One-year graft survival for cardiac
allografts is substantially lower
than that for renal allografts
d. Cardiac allografts are matched only
by size and ABO blood type
e. Cyclosporine is a critical component of the immunosuppressive
regimen for cardiac allografts but
not renal allografts
Transplants, Immunology, and Oncology
224. Five-year survival rates in
excess of 20% may be expected following resection of pulmonary
metastases if
a.
b.
c.
d.
Other organ metastases are present
Lung lesions are solitary
Local tumor recurrence is found
The tumor doubling time is less
than 20 days
e. The patient has received prior
chemotherapy
225. Which statement about
transmission of HIV in the health
care setting is true?
a. A freshly prepared solution of
dilute chlorine bleach will not adequately decontaminate clothing
b. All needles should be capped
immediately after use
c. Cuts and other open skin wounds
are believed to act as portals of
entry for HIV
d. Double gloving reduces the risk of
intraoperative needle sticks
e. The risk of seroconversion following a needle stick with a contaminated needle is greater for HIV than
for hepatitis B
131
226. Regarding the risk of breast
cancer, which of the following
statements is true?
a. Breast cancer occurs more commonly among women of the lower
social classes
b. A history of breast cancer in a firstdegree family relative is associated
with a fourfold increase in risk
c. Women with a first birth after age
30 years have approximately twice
the risk of those with a first birth
before age 18
d. Cigarette smoking increases the
risk of breast cancer
e. Hair dyes have been shown to
increase the risk of breast cancer
227. Human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) has been isolated from
many body fluids. Which of the following is a major source of transmission?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Tears
Sweat
Semen
Urine
Breast milk
228. What is the primary toxicity
of doxorubicin (Adriamycin)?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Cardiomyopathy
Pulmonary fibrosis
Peripheral neuropathy
Uric acid nephropathy
Hepatic dysfunction
132
Surgery
229. What is the most common
cause of cancer death among
women?
233. Which of the following statements is true regarding carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a. CEA is an accurate screening test
for primary colorectal cancer
b. CEA levels have not been helpful in
the diagnosis of recurrent colorectal cancer
c. CEA levels, when elevated, are
highly specific for colon cancer
d. CEA is present in normal colonic
mucosa
e. Postoperative CEA assay is 70%
accurate in predicting the appearance of liver metastases within 1
year
Breast cancer
Ovarian cancer
Colon cancer
Endometrial cancer
Lung cancer
230. Which of the following
agents causes hemorrhagic cystitis?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Bleomycin
5-fluorouracil
Cisplatin
Vincristine
Cyclophosphamide
231. What is the major barrier to
successful transplantation across
animal species (xenotransplantation)?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Acute rejection
Chronic rejection
Hyperacute rejection
Infection
ABO incompatibility
232. Which of the following are
efficient antigen-presenting cells
found in the epidermis?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Macrophages
T cells
Langerhans cells
Dendritic cells
B cells
Transplants, Immunology, and Oncology
133
DIRECTIONS: Each group of questions below consists of lettered
options followed by numbered items. For each numbered item, select the
appropriate lettered option(s). Each lettered option may be used once,
more than once, or not at all. Choose exactly the number of options
indicated following each item.
Items 234–236
For each stage in the treatment
of the patient below, select the
appropriate next step.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
Left hemicolectomy
Right hemicolectomy
Subtotal colectomy
Total colectomy
Hepatic wedge resection
External beam irradiation
5-fluorouracil and leucovorin
External beam irradiation and
chemotherapy
i. Abdominal MRI
j. No further treatment
234. A 65-year-old man is admitted to the hospital with complaints
of intermittent constipation and
microcytic anemia. Barium enema
reveals a nonobstructing “applecore” lesion of the proximal sigmoid colon. Colonoscopy confirms
the location of the mass and reveals
no other synchronous lesions.
(SELECT 1 STEP)
235. The
patient
undergoes
surgery and recovers uneventfully.
Pathology of the resected specimen
is reported as Dukes C with negative surgical margins. (SELECT 1
STEP)
236. In 6-mo follow-up an abdominal CT scan shows a 2-cm isolated lesion in the right lobe of the
liver. Repeat colonoscopy shows no
evidence of recurrent or metachronous lesions. Chest x-ray and bone
scan are normal. (SELECT 1
STEP)
134
Surgery
Items 237–240
A 32-year-old man with diabetic nephropathy undergoes an
uneventful renal transplant from
his sister (two-haplotype match).
His immunosuppressive regimen
includes azathioprine, steroids, and
cyclosporine. For each development
in the postoperative period, select
the most appropriate next step.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
Begin gancyclovir
Administer steroid boost
Withhold steroids
Decrease cyclosporine
Increase cyclosporine
Decrease azathioprine
Obtain renal ultrasound
Begin broad-spectrum antibiotics
Administer filgrastim (Neupogen)
Administer FK50
237. On postoperative day 3 the
patient is doing well, but you
notice on his routine laboratory
tests that his white blood cell count
is 2.0. (SELECT 1 STEP)
238. The patient’s WBC count
gradually returns to normal, but on
postoperative day 7 he develops a
fever of 39.44°C (103°F) and a
nonproductive cough. A chest xray reveals diffuse interstitial infiltrates, and a “buffy coat” is positive
for viral inclusions. (SELECT 1
STEP)
239. The patient recovers from the
above illness and is discharged
home on postoperative day 18. At
3-mo follow-up he is doing well,
but you notice that his creatinine is
2.8 mg/dL. He has no fever, his
graft is not tender, and his renal
ultrasound is normal. (SELECT 1
STEP)
240. Six months following his
transplant, the patient begins to
develop fever, malaise, and pain of
the right lower quadrant. Upon palpation, the graft is tender. Chest xray and urine and blood cultures
are normal. Renal ultrasound shows
an edematous graft. (SELECT 1
STEP)
TRANSPLANTS,
IMMUNOLOGY, AND
ONCOLOGY
Answers
186. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 113–114.) Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a peptide hormone produced by endotoxin-activated monocytes/macrophages and has been postulated to be the principal cytokine
mediator in gram-negative shock and sepsis-related organ damage. Biologic actions of TNF include polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) activation and degranulation; increased nonspecific host resistance; increased
vascular permeability; lymphopenia; promotion of interleukins 1, 2, and 6;
capillary leak syndrome; microvascular thrombosis; anorexia and cachexia;
and numerous other protective and adverse effects in sepsis. Its role in sepsis is providing a fertile field for research in critical care.
187. The answer is b. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 553–554.) The purpose of a
cross-match is to determine whether the recipient has circulating antibodies against donor HLA antigens. Such antibodies do not occur naturally, but
rather are the result of prior sensitization during pregnancy, blood transfusions, or previous transplantation. A complement-dependent lymphocytotoxicity cross-match is performed by adding recipient serum and
complement to donor cells (T cells, B cells, or monocytes). If specific antidonor antibodies are present, antibody binding results in complement fixation and cell lysis. This is detected by addition of a vital dye, which is
taken up by the damaged cell membrane, resulting in a positive crossmatch. If a positive cross-match is detected to donor T cells (HLA class I),
transplantation will result in hyperacute rejection.
188. The answer is a. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 114–115.) Interleukin 1 (IL-1)
is a thymocyte mitogen produced by activated macrophages as well as
many other types of cells (e.g., monocytes, dendritic cells, Langerhans
cells, neutrophils, microglial cells). It induces interleukin 2 production by
135
136
Surgery
the helper T cell, which initiates a cascade of immunoregulatory and
inflammatory functions.
189. The answer is b. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 529–546.) Unlike the granulocyte line, T lymphocytes express the T-cell receptor. This receptor imports
antigen specificity to T cells. The helper T cell, when stimulated by interleukin 1 and antigens, produces various lymphokines that ultimately produce effector cells. One of these effector cells is the cytotoxic T cell, which
kills cells that express specific antigens, including viral, tumor, and nonbiologic antigens. Macrophages and natural killer cells have some tumoricidal activity; however, this is not specific for tumors.
190. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 548–549.) Cyclosporine is a
highly effective immunosuppressive agent produced by fungi. It is more
specific than the anti-inflammatory agents such as steroids or the antiproliferative agents such as azathioprine. The effectiveness of cyclosporine in
preventing allograft rejection is related to its ability to inhibit interleukin 2
production. Without interleukin 2 from helper T cells, there is no clonal
expansion of alloantigen-directed cytotoxic T cells and no stimulation of
antibody production by B cells.
191–192. The answers are 191-c, 192-c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 571–581.)
Hemodialysis, rather than management by dietary manipulation alone,
should be instituted in patients with end-stage renal failure whose serum
creatinine is over 15 mg/dL or whose creatinine clearance is less than 3
mL/min. It is important that hemodialysis be initiated prior to the onset of
uremic complications. These complications include hyperkalemia, congestive heart failure, peripheral neuropathy, severe hypertension, pericarditis,
bleeding, and severe anemia. The uremic hyperkalemic patient in congestive heart failure may require emergency dialysis in addition to the standard conservative measures, which include (1) limitation of protein intake
to less than 60 g/day and restriction of fluid intake and (2) reduction of elevated serum potassium levels by insulin-glucose or sodium polystyrene
sulfonate (Kayexalate) enema treatment. Arteriovenous fistulas require
about 2 wk to develop adequate size and flow. While awaiting maturation,
temporary dialysis can be satisfactorily performed using either an external
arteriovenous shunt or the peritoneal cavity. Renal biopsy would be performed in an attempt to obtain a diagnosis of the underlying renal disease.
Transplants, Immunology, and Oncology
Answers
137
Patients who are acceptable candidates for kidney transplantation usually
should undergo this form of treatment, after they are stabilized, rather than
chronic hemodialysis, the mortality for which is now higher than for transplantation. Despite adequate dialysis, problems of neuropathy, bone disease, anemia, and hypertension remain difficult to manage. Compared with
chronic dialysis, transplantation restores more patients to happier and
more productive lives. It had been conjectured that, all other issues being
equal, sex matching was important in the graft survival and that a motherdaughter graft was preferred to a father-daughter graft. Review of the current data does not support such a conclusion. The best graft survival rates
for living related transplants—over 90% at 5 years—are obtained when all
six histocompatibility loci are identical. All family members of potential
transplant recipients should be tissue typed and the donor should be
selected on the basis of closest match, if psychological and medical evaluation makes this feasible. With the development of cyclosporine-based
immunosuppression, cadaveric kidney graft survival has approached that
of living-related transplantation. There are some transplanters who believe
that the slight improvement with living-related kidneys does not justify the
risk to the donor and that these transplantations should no longer be performed.
193. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 602–606.) Chronic graft rejection is manifested in cardiac allografts as chronic vascular rejection of main
and intramuscular coronary arteries. Myointimal proliferation and medial
scarring result in diffuse and eccentric arterial narrowing referred to as
accelerated graft atherosclerosis. Infection remains the primary cause of
death within the first year of cardiac transplant, but accelerated graft arteriosclerosis is the most common cause of mortality thereafter. Percutaneous
transluminal coronary angioplasty, coronary artery bypass grafting, and
retransplantation are the current options for combating this problem.
194. The answer is a. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 553–554.) A positive crossmatch means that the recipient has circulating antibodies that are cytotoxic
to donor-strain lymphocytes. This incompatibility, which almost always
leads to an acute humoral rejection of the graft, precludes transplantation.
Blood type matching prior to organ allograft is similar to cross-matching
prior to transfusion; O is the universal donor and AB the universal recipient.
Minor blood group factors do not appear to act as histocompatibility anti-
138
Surgery
gens. Matching of HLA antigens in cadaveric renal transplants may improve
graft survival, but the impact is relatively minor. While attempts are made to
pair recipient and donor by tissue typing, a two-antigen match is perfectly
acceptable and even zero-antigen matches can be transplanted with good
results. Neither hypertension nor anemia is a contraindication to transplantation; indeed, hypertension may be cured or ameliorated following successful transplantation. Patients with end-stage renal failure generally are
anemic and can be transfused, if necessary, intra- or postoperatively. Anemia
generally also improves following transplantation because of increased
erythropoietin production by the graft.
195. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 578–581.) Hyperacute rejection
is mediated by cytotoxic antibodies with subsequent triggering of the complement, coagulation, and kinin systems. It can occur during surgery after
the clamps are released from the vascular anastomosis and the recipient’s
antibodies are exposed to the donor’s passenger lymphocytes and kidney
tissue. Typically, the kidney will become swollen and pale. Hyperacute
rejection is the cause of immediate and early oliguria and biopsies should
be performed intraoperatively or early postoperatively. Hyperacute rejection is characterized pathologically by fibrin and platelet thrombosis and
necrosis of the glomerular tufts, renal arterioles, and small arteries. Massive
polymorphonuclear infiltrate with tubular necrosis occurs 24–36 h after
transplantation. The intravascular coagulation rarely results in a systemic
coagulopathy. Careful cross-matching can test for cytotoxic antibodies.
Although plasmapheresis and cyclophosphamide can transiently decrease
the preformed antibody load, to date there exists no adequate prevention
or treatment for hyperacute rejection.
196. The answer is a. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 599–606.) Cardiac transplantation has become an acceptable clinical treatment modality for selected
patients with end-stage cardiac failure. Allograft survivals are now comparable to those of cadaveric renal transplants—approximately 70% at 1 year
and 50% at 5 years as reported by the Stanford group. Although kidneys
can be safely preserved by either hypothermic storage or hypothermic perfusion for periods up to 48 h, donor hearts protected by simple hypothermia should be transplanted within 4 h. For this reason the usual
tissue-typing procedures used in kidney transplantation are impractical in
cardiac transplantation, and indeed there is no correlation between match
Transplants, Immunology, and Oncology
Answers
139
and outcome. In pairing donor and recipient for heart transplants there
must be at least ABO blood group compatibility. Cyclosporine has
improved results in both cardiac and renal transplantation despite its major
drawback of dose-related nephrotoxicity. Eligibility for cardiac transplantation has evolved from strict age criteria to more flexible guidelines based on
a patient’s likelihood of surviving and resuming a normally functional life
after transplantation. Many centers, however, observe age 65 as the upper
limit for transplantation. The leading cause of death in patients surviving
more than 1 year after transplantation is infection, followed by graft atherosclerosis.
197. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 578–581.) The patient is experiencing an acute rejection episode. Seventy-four percent of all acute rejection
episodes occur between 1 and 6 mo after transplantation. For cadaveric renal
transplant recipients, 63% of patients will never have an acute rejection
episode, 17% will have only one rejection episode, and 19% will have two or
more rejections. In order to grade the rejection as well as to follow the
response to treatment, a percutaneous renal biopsy should be performed.
The three treatment modalities used for acute rejection are high-dose steroids
alone, high-dose steroids plus antilymphocyte globulin (equine serum
hyperimmunized to human lymphocytes), or high-dose steroids plus OKT3
(murine monoclonal antibody to the human CD3 complex).
198. The answer is b. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 552–553, 560.) Overall, 30% of
all infections contracted in the posttransplant period are viral. The most
common viral infections are DNA viruses of the herpesvirus family and
include cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus, herpes simplex virus,
and varicella zoster virus. CMV infections may occur as either primary or
reactive infections and have a peak incidence at about 6 wk post transplant.
The classic signs include fever, malaise, myalgia, arthralgia, and leukopenia. CMV infection can affect several organ systems and result in pneumonitis; ulceration and hemorrhage in the stomach, duodenum, or colon;
hepatitis; esophagitis; retinitis; encephalitis; or pancreatitis. The risk of
developing posttransplant CMV depends on donor-recipient serology, with
the greatest risk in seronegative patients who receive organs from seropositive donors. Pyelonephritis, cholecystitis, intraabdominal abscesses, and
parotitis are caused by bacterial infections or GI perforation and not primarily by CMV infection.
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199. The answer is b. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 548–553.) With the introduction of cyclosporine in the early 1980s and the rapidly accumulated experience with liver transplantation, graft and patient survivals have improved
markedly. In the azathioprine and steroid era, 1-year graft survival was in
the range of 25%. More recently, most centers are experiencing 1-year graft
survival rates of approximately 80%.
200. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, p 553.) Donor-type lymphoid cells
transplanted within a graft may recognize the host’s tissue as foreign and
mount an immune response against the host. This response, termed graftversus-host disease (GVHD), is common in bone marrow transplantation
and is an important source of morbidity and mortality. Treatment requires
more aggressive immunosuppression. Current clinical practice includes
depletion of lymphocytes from the marrow graft in order to prevent the
development of GVHD. GVHD has been documented following liver transplantation, presumably because of the large amount of lymphoid tissue in
the donor liver. GVHD has not been described following heart, lung, pancreas, or kidney transplantation.
201. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 606–615.) Many causes of endstage lung disease have been appropriately treated with lung transplantation. Whether one lung or both lungs are replaced at the time of
transplantation depends on recipient factors. Patients with restrictive
processes like primary pulmonary fibrosis do well with a single lung transplant. For patients with primary pulmonary hypertension, unloading of
the right ventricle with single lung transplantation has been adequate and
replacement of both lungs has not been necessary in most cases. Cystic
fibrosis patients do well after lung transplantation but double lung transplant is frequently necessary because of chronic infections. Secondary pulmonary hypertension is due to left ventricular failure with concomitant
increases in pulmonary pressures secondary to increases in left ventricular
end-diastolic pressures. Reactive secondary pulmonary hypertension is
best treated with heart transplantation. Long-standing secondary pulmonary hypertension that is chiefly fixed is best treated with combined
heart-lung transplantation.
202. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 615–627.) Whole-organ pancreas transplantation is the only therapy for type I insulin-dependent dia-
Transplants, Immunology, and Oncology
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141
betes that maintains normal serum glucose levels and normal glucose tolerance tests. When the pancreas is transplanted along with a kidney, the tight
glucose control generally prevents the recurrence of diabetic nephropathy.
No series has shown the reversal of diabetic retinopathy or reduction in the
rate of diabetic ulcers or of amputations, although some parameters of diabetic retinopathy may improve after pancreas transplantation.
203. The answer is a. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 501–502.) Bone marrow cells
are highly immunogenic. Successful engraftment requires the use of powerful immunosuppressants that permit the transplanted cells not only to
survive the host’s immune response, but also to mount a graft-versus-host
response against recipient tissues. The graft-versus-host response is the
major impediment to more widespread clinical use of this technique.
Despite these barriers, human bone marrow transplantation has had
important clinical application in the treatment of aplastic anemias and congenital immunodeficiency diseases and several hematologic malignancies.
Stem cell transplantation involves harvesting of a patient’s own pleuripotent bone marrow cells and subsequent reestablishment of the marrow following high-dose, toxic chemotherapy for advanced cancer. This modality
has been used in the treatment of recurrent breast cancer, but recent metaanalyses of the results have failed to show any significant survival benefit.
In experimental models, work with bone marrow transplantation for the
induction of tolerance to organ allografts has proved highly promising.
This may provide a key for the development of treatment protocols in
organ transplant recipients that would avoid or reduce the need for toxic
systemic immunosuppressants.
204. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 366–368.) Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins are polymorphic cell surface molecules that
are important in lymphocyte-lymphocyte and lymphocyte-target interactions. All nucleated cells express MHC class I proteins. B lymphocytes,
macrophages, antigen-presenting cells, vascular endothelium, and activated T lymphocytes express both MHC class I and class II. MHC class I
proteins are encoded by the HLA-A, B, and C loci, and MHC class II proteins are encoded by the HLA-D locus. Classically, MHC class I molecules
with a bound antigen are recognized by the T-cell receptor on CD81 cells,
and MHC class II molecules with a bound antigen are recognized by the
T-cell receptor on CD41 cells.
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205. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 323–324.) In following patients
with nonseminomatous testicular tumors, elevated serum levels of the β
subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), α-fetoprotein, and lactic
dehydrogenase have been found to be useful indicators of tumor activity or
recurrence. The discovery of prostate-specific antigen has recently been
touted as a major breakthrough in screening for prostate cancer, though
some clinicians feel that early diagnosis may have no impact on survival in
this disease. CA125 has been used to follow ovarian cancers; it is fairly
nonspecific but can alert the physician to the need for a more aggressive
search for persistent disease when relative increases are noted in a patient
after therapy. The p53 oncogenes have been found in soft tissue sarcomas,
osteogenic sarcomas, and colon cancers. Their significance is unknown.
206. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 329–331.) Isolated enlarged cervical lymph nodes in the adult are malignant nearly 80% of the time
(excluding benign tumors of the thyroid gland). They are usually metastatic
squamous cell carcinomas arising from primary sources above the clavicles
in the aerodigestive tract. Fine-needle aspiration cytology is commonly used
to obtain histological confirmation of suspected cancer. Aspiration cytology
can usually diagnose carcinoma accurately, but lymphoma may be difficult
to identify by this method, and open biopsy is often necessary. Bone marrow
biopsy is not indicated prior to lymph node biopsy. It is done as part of the
staging process after a diagnosis of lymphoma has been made. Endoscopy
and scanning of the oro- and nasopharynx are part of the diagnostic workup
of a suspected malignant cervical lymph node, but do not provide histological proof of cancer.
207. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 277–278, 348.) Since
chemotherapy is generally most effective in killing rapidly dividing cells,
the rapidly dividing cells of a fresh surgical wound should be in jeopardy
when chemotherapy is given in the early postoperative period. Each of the
phases of normal wound healing is theoretically at risk from one or another
class of chemotherapeutic agents. Immediately following wounding, inflammation and vascular permeability lead to fibrin deposition and polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN), monocyte, and platelet influx. Macrophages
are attracted by the activated complement system. By the fourth day the
proliferative phase begins, and for the next 20 days fibroblasts produce
mucopolysaccharides and collagen. Cross-linking of the collagen fibers
Transplants, Immunology, and Oncology
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then continues for several months in the maturation phase. It seems logical
to delay antineoplastic agents for 10–14 days unless there are compelling
clinical indications (e.g., superior vena cava syndrome) for more urgent
treatment. Administration of folinic acid simultaneously with methotrexate
normalizes wound healing. Extravasation of chemotherapeutic agents
during intravenous administration may result in severe ulceration and
sloughing. The nature of the injury is largely related to the nucleic-acidbinding characteristics of the agent. Those agents that do not bind to tissue
nucleic acid (vincristine, vinblastine, nitrogen mustard, BCNU, 5-FU) generally cause only local damage from the immediate injury. These substances
are quickly metabolized or inactivated, and usual patterns of wound healing can be expected. On the other hand, agents that bind the nucleic acid
(doxorubicin, dactinomycin, mitomycin C, mithramycin, and daunorubicin) cause not only immediate toxic reaction in the tissues but, unless
excised, continuing and progressive tissue damage. Though some authors
have reported success with elevation and ice packs, most recommend surgical excision if there is severe pain, any sign of early necrosis, or significant
blistering.
208. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 320–324.) The management of
malignant tumors may be guided by knowledge obtained by grading and
staging the tumors. Histologic grading reflects the degree of anaplasia of
tumor cells. Tumors in which histologic grading seems to have prognostic
value include soft tissue sarcoma, transitional cell cancers of the bladder,
astrocytoma, and chondrosarcoma. Grading has been of little predictive
value in melanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, or osteosarcoma. Staging is
based on the extent of spread rather than histologic appearance and is more
relevant in predicting the course of lung and colorectal cancers.
209. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1747–1748.) This is a nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor) adherent to the left kidney. These tumors are associated with aniridia (rarely) and with hemihypertrophy, cryptorchidism, or
hypospadias in about 10% of cases. Most patients present with an asymptomatic mass found by a parent. Less than one-third of patients experience
hematuria. As would be expected in over half such cases, this child is
hypertensive, probably due to compression of the renal artery by the mass.
Treatment with excision, radiation, vincristine, and actinomycin D results
in survival rates of over 90% in stage I and II tumors. While computed
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tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluates metastatic disease, intravenous pyelography (IVP) is better at differentiating this
tumor from polycystic kidney or neuroblastoma. Wilms tumor is the most
common abdominal malignancy of childhood, but represents only about
10% of childhood malignant tumors.
210. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1686–1688.) Medullary carcinomas occur in families as part of syndromes called multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2A and type 2B. MEN 2A consists of multicentric
medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytomas or adrenal medullary
hyperplasia, and hyperparathyroidism. MEN 2B consists of medullary cancer, pheochromocytoma and mucosal neuromas, gangliomas, and a Marfanlike habitus. These patients may develop medullary carcinoma at a very
young age, and any patient with MEN 2B should be assumed to have
medullary cancer until proved otherwise. Patients are followed carefully for
pheochromocytoma with urine VMA, for hyperparathyroidism with serum
calcium, and for medullary carcinoma with serum calcitonin. However, as
some patients have a normal basal calcitonin, a pentagastrin or provocative
calcium infusion test should be performed in these high-risk patients.
Patients thought to have MEN 1 syndrome (pituitary, parathyroid, and
pancreatic tumors) or Zollinger-Ellison syndrome should be assayed for
serum gastrin, insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin. These assays may
prove to be inappropriately high in MEN 1 syndrome due to pancreatic
islet cell tumors.
211. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 334–335.) Benign soft tissue
tumors far outnumber their malignant counterparts. Because of this, prolonged delays are common before definitive treatment of soft tissue sarcomas is instituted. Risk for malignancy is increased for tumors greater than
5 cm in largest diameter, as well as for those lesions that are symptomatic
or have enlarged rapidly over a short period of time. Properly performed
biopsy is critical in the initial treatment of any soft tissue mass. Improperly
performed biopsies can complicate the care of the sarcoma patient, and in
rare circumstances even eliminate certain surgical options. Excisional biopsies should be reserved for small masses for which complete excision
would not jeopardize subsequent treatment should a sarcoma be found.
For all other masses incisional biopsy should be performed. The incision
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should be placed directly over the mass and should be oriented along the
long axis of the extremity.
212. The answer is e. [Tondini, Ann Oncol 4(10):831–837, 1993. Gobbi,
Cancer 65(11):2528–2536, 1990.] The stomach is the most common site in
the gastrointestinal tract for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, followed by the
small intestine and the colon. Lymphomas constitute 3% of all malignant
gastric tumors. Ninety percent of these lymphomas are of the nonHodgkin’s type. Surgery alone can be considered adequate treatment for
patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that does not infiltrate beyond the
submucosa. However, gastric resection is not considered mandatory, and
there are no substantial differences in response to therapy and survival
when resection is compared with combined chemotherapy and radiation
therapy, including in advanced cases. Moreover, chemotherapy and radiation therapy have been shown to be effective even in unresected bulky
cases, and provide minimal risk of hemorrhage and perforation even in this
setting.
213. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 349–350.) The interferons are a
group of glycoproteins first found as products of virus-infected cells that
inhibited viral replication. Subsequently, they have been shown to have a
variety of effects both on cells of the immune system and on malignant
cells. Interferons cause Burkitt’s lymphoma cell lines to differentiate and
lose the capacity to divide. Hematologic malignancies are very responsive
to interferons; up to 100% of hairy cell leukemias show some degree of
remission. Interferon α has been used in the treatment of chronic active
hepatitis B and C with promising results in recent clinical trials.
214. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 656–662.) Acinar, adenoid cystic, and low grades of mucoepidermoid carcinomas exhibit moderately
malignant behavior. Undifferentiated, squamous, and high grades of
mucoepidermoid carcinomas are considered highly malignant tumors.
Regional node dissection is indicated for malignant tumors because of the
high (up to 50%) incidence of occult regional metastases. Facial nerve
preservation should be attempted when the margins are adequate and the
tumor is well localized. The minimal appropriate procedure for parotid
carcinoma is a superficial parotidectomy with nerve preservation. The
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Surgery
nerve must be partially or totally sacrificed if the tumor directly involves
the nerve trunk or its branches.
215. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 347–348.) A surgeon is frequently
asked to evaluate patients who are receiving systemic chemotherapy. Most
complications of chemotherapy do not require surgical therapy. Perirectal
abscesses are more common in these immunosuppressed patients. Gastrointestinal bleeding occurs secondary to mucosal irritation and thrombocytopenia. Pancreatitis is uncommon, but is associated with L-asparaginase use. Up
to 20% of patients treated with floxuridine by continuous hepatic artery infusion develop some degree of inflammation and obstruction of the bile duct.
Systemic chemotherapy does not increase the likelihood of acute cholecystitis, appendicitis, incarcerated femoral hernia, or diverticulitis.
216. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1794–1795.) After radical
orchiectomy, lymph node dissection is indicated in embryonal carcinoma,
teratocarcinoma, and adult teratoma if there is no supradiaphragmatic
spread. This dissection increases the 5-year survival and helps in staging.
Seminoma is extremely radiosensitive and lymph node dissection is unnecessary. Choriocarcinoma is associated with pulmonary metastases in 81% of
cases and is treated with chemotherapy. Orchiectomy for a testicular mass is
approached via an inguinal incision in order to perform a high ligation of
the cord and to eliminate spread of the tumor. Cryptorchidism (undescended testicle) is associated with decreased spermatogenesis and carries a
lifelong risk of malignant degeneration even after being surgically corrected.
217. The answer is a. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 237–238, 571–572.) Dialysis is
less expensive than renal transplantation if the graft functions for less than
2 years. Recipients with functioning grafts are less anemic because of erythropoietin production by the graft. As more dialysis patients are treated
with recombinant erythropoietin, this advantage may disappear. Transplanted females have more normal menses and an increased number of
successful pregnancies. The patient survival in the two groups is comparable at 1 year.
218–219. The answers are 218-e, 219-e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp
1646–1649.) This young pregnant woman presents with the symptoms of a
pheochromocytoma. These tumors can initially become symptomatic dur-
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147
ing pregnancy. A noninvasive workup should be performed. Ultrasonography of the abdomen is frequently sufficient to localize the tumor to the
right or left adrenal; an abdominal CT scan with its large dose of radiation
should be avoided in pregnancy. The treatment can be early excision of the
pheochromocytoma, and in three cases in pregnant women this was done
with survival of two of the three infants. A therapeutic abortion, especially
at 18 wk, is not indicated, and cesarian section would not produce a viable
fetus. The current approach is α- and β-adrenergic blockade followed by
vaginal delivery or cesarean section with excision of the tumor at the same
time as delivery or electively after delivery. Metyrosine (Demser) inhibits
tyrosine hydroxylase and results in a decrease in endogenous levels of catecholamines. This form of treatment, coupled with term delivery, is also
acceptable.
220. The answer is b. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 491–495.) Only about 30% of
the biologic damage from x-rays is due to the direct effects on the target
molecule. The remainder is due to an indirect action mediated by free radicals and can be modified by free radical scavengers such as sulfhydryl. The
percentage of cells killed by a given dose of x-rays or gamma rays is greatly
increased by molecular oxygen; cells deficient in oxygen are resistant to
radiation. Among the basic principles of radiation biology is the observation that the sensitivity of mammalian cells to radiation varies with their
position in the cell division cycle. M phase (mitotic phase) cells are the
most radiosensitive. Radiation is frequently employed for local control of
disease. Survival rates for breast lumpectomy and radiation are equal to
those of mastectomy, but local control rates (10–15% recurrence at 10
years for stage I and II cancers treated with lumpectomy and radiation versus approximately 5% treated with mastectomy) are nevertheless inferior.
Rapidly dividing cells of the gastrointestinal mucosa and bone marrow are
particularly sensitive to the effects of radiation.
221. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 349–351.) With the availability of
recombinant interleukin-2, multiple trials of cancer therapy with this lymphokine have been undertaken. The most successful trials have documented complete or partial responses in patients with metastatic renal cell
carcinoma and melanoma. However, IL-2 therapy has been ineffective in the
treatment of breast cancer, colon cancer, and lymphoma. The therapy is not
innocuous. All patients exhibit a marked lymphocytosis, eosinophilia, fluid
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retention, fever, and decrease in peripheral vascular resistance, effects similar to those of septic shock.
222. The answer is c. (Heys, Br J Surg 79:614–623, 1992.) Malignant
tumors require energy substrates to grow and ordinarily claim these substrates from the host. In animal studies, withholding dietary proteins diminishes the rate of tumor growth. There is no evidence in the human to suggest
acceleration of tumor growth when nutritional support is provided. There is
also no evidence that nutritional therapy improves the response of the tumor
to therapy. For nearly a century, the association of stomach cancer and diet
has been recognized. Among the wide variety of substances incriminated are
nitrates and nitrosamides in food and drinking water. There is evidence that
regular ingestion of vitamin C from childhood may reduce the formation of
carcinogens, though reduction in the incidence of cancer has not been
demonstrated. Excess amounts of dietary fat and deficiency of fiber have
been clearly associated with colon cancer. Animal fats have also been associated with cancer of the exocrine pancreas, the prostate, and the
endometrium. Alcohol consumption, especially when combined with cigarette smoking, increases the incidence of esophageal cancer. Consumption of
alcohol also increases the incidence of pancreatitis, but not pancreatic cancer.
223. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 599–606.) Cardiac allograft has
become an accepted treatment for end-stage heart disease. One-year cardiac allograft survival approaches 90% and is equivalent to 1-year renal
allograft survival. Cardiac allografts have a cold ischemia preservation time
of 4–5 h and therefore tissue typing is not practical. Cardiac donors are
matched to recipients only by size and ABO blood type. Tissue typing
remains an important component of cadaveric kidney allograft matching.
The mainstay of immunosuppression for both cardiac and renal allografts
continues to include cyclosporine, azathioprine (Imuran), and steroids.
224. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 340–341, 352–353.) Resection of
metastases of lung, liver, and brain can result in occasional 5-year cures. In
general, surgery should be undertaken only when the primary tumor is
controlled, diffuse metastatic disease has been ruled out, and the affected
patient’s condition and the location of the metastasis permit safe resection.
Five-year survival rates as high as 18% have been reported for selected
patients with liver metastases from colorectal primary tumors. However,
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the best results have come from resection of pulmonary metastases, in
which 5-year survival rates exceed those of resection for primary bronchogenic carcinoma. Autopsy reviews have demonstrated that many
patients with pulmonary metastases have no other evidence of tumor,
which suggests that resectional treatment may be justified even when the
lung foci are not solitary. Selection of patients for pulmonary resections
may be aided by measurement of tumor doubling times; patients with doubling times greater than 40 days appear to benefit most, while those with
doubling times less than 20 days are not significantly helped.
225. The answer is c. (Rhame, Postgrad Med 91:141–152, 1992. Wilson,
Postgrad Med 88:193–201, 1990.) The risk of contracting HIV is much less
than the risk of contracting hepatitis B from a patient. Although the risk of
transmission of HIV in the health care setting is very low, there are reported
cases of seroconversion after parenteral exposure. Particular precautions
should be taken in operating upon patients who are known to be seropositive for HIV or who have known risk factors. Recommendations include
elimination of inexperienced personnel or personnel with open lesions on
body surfaces from the operating room. Disposable gowns, drapes, masks,
and eye shields should be used. Contaminated clothing should be soaked
in a dilute solution (1:10) of chlorine bleach prior to washing. Double
gloving does not reduce the major intraoperative risk of needle puncture,
which is the primary source of risk to the operating team. Needles should
never be capped; an uncapped needle is less dangerous than are the
maneuvers to recap needles.
226. The answer is c. (Harris et al, pp 159–167.) Risk factors for breast
cancer include family history, nulliparity, previous breast cancer, early
menarche, and late menopause. A late age at first birth (after age 30) doubles the risk of breast cancer compared with early parity (age 18 or earlier).
Having one first-degree relative (mother, sister, or daughter) with breast
cancer also doubles the risk. Women of the upper social classes, as measured by either education or income, have been found to have the highest
incidence of breast cancer. Neither cigarette smoking nor the use of hair
dye has been correlated with breast cancer.
227. The answer is c. (Recommendations for prevention of HIV transmission in health care settings. NY State J Med 88:25–31, 1988. Rhame, Postgrad
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Med 91:141–144, 1992.) HIV has been isolated from blood, semen, vaginal
secretions, saliva, tears, breast milk, CSF, amniotic fluid, and urine. It is an
extremely fastidious virus that ordinarily is transmitted only after repeated
admixture of body fluids. Blood and semen are by far the major transmission fluids.
228. The answer is a. (Greenfield, 2/e, p 502.) Doxorubicin, an antibiotic
derived from Streptomyces species, has activity against sarcomas and carcinomas of the breast, liver, bladder, prostate, head and neck, esophagus,
and lung. Its major side effect is production of a dilated cardiomyopathy.
Patients receiving this agent should have echocardiography before and
after treatment in order to monitor potential cardiac toxicity.
229. The answer is e. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 455–459.) Cancer remains the
second most common cause of mortality in the United States after heart
disease, accounting for 22% of all deaths. Both sexes have demonstrated
dramatic increases in the death rate observed from lung cancer from 1930
to 1990 owing to increases in cigarette smoking. Lung cancer is the leading
cause of cancer death in both men and women.
230. The answer is e. (Greenfield, 2/e, p 501.) Cyclophosphamide is an
alkylating agent used in the treatment of a variety of solid tumors. Its major
side effect is hemorrhagic cystitis. Bleomycin can cause pulmonary fibrosis.
Vincristine is an alkaloid that can cause peripheral and central neuropathies. Cisplatin is an alkylating agent that can lead to ototoxity, neurotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. 5-fluorouracil is an antimetabolite that can
cause mucositis, dermatitis, and cerebellar dysfunction.
231. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, p 555.) The major barrier to successful xenotransplantation has been hyperacute rejection, which refers to
the binding of preformed human antibodies to donor endothelial cells.
This results in the activation of complement, cell lysis, and eventually vascular thrombosis.
232. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, p 537.) Processing and presentation of antigen in association with class II molecules is critical for activation
of T cells. Langerhans cells are potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs)
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found in skin. Macrophages are the major APCs in the body. Dendritic cells
are APCs found in lymphoid tissue.
233. The answer is e. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1138, 1144.) CEA is a glycoprotein that is present in early embryonic and fetal cells (an oncofetal antigen) and in colon cancer. It is not found in normal colon mucosa. It is not
tumor specific and may be elevated in a variety of benign and malignant
conditions, including cirrhosis, ulcerative colitis, renal failure, pancreatitis,
pancreatic cancer, stomach cancer, breast cancer, and lung cancer. The
CEA assay is, however, a sensitive serologic tool for identifying recurrent
disease. In about two-thirds of patients with recurrent disease, an increased
CEA level is the first indicator of tumor reappearance. A rising CEA following colon cancer surgery, in the absence of other conditions associated
with an elevated CEA, predicts the appearance of liver metastases within 1
year with an accuracy approaching 70%.
234–236. The answers are 234-a, 235-g, 236-e. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp
1137–1144.) The patient has a left colon cancer. In order to resect the
tumor with a margin of 3–5 cm on its proximal and distal ends as well as
to remove the draining lymph node basin, a left hemicolectomy should be
performed. A Dukes C tumor is one that extends through the bowel wall
and involves adjacent lymph nodes. In a study of 1166 patients with stage
B and C colon cancer, the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel
Project (NSABP) reported an improved survival in patients randomized to
receive adjuvant chemotherapy compared with no further treatment after
resection. Adjuvant radiation therapy has only been useful in preventing
local recurrence in rectal cancers with positive surgical margins.
The liver is the most common site of bloodborne metastases from primary colorectal cancers. In a subgroup of patients, the liver may be the
only site of disease. Overall, surgical resection is associated with a 25–30%
5-year survival rate.
237–240. The answers are 237-f, 238-a, 239-d, 240-b. (Greenfield,
2/e, pp 577–581.) Routine postoperative immunosuppression for a renal
transplant recipient includes cyclosporine, azathioprine, and steroids.
Cyclosporine is nephrotoxic and is frequently withheld in the postoperative period until the creatinine returns to normal following transplantation.
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Azathioprine has bone marrow toxicity as its major side effect and both
WBC and platelet counts need to be monitored in the immediate posttransplant period. The patient’s decrease in WBCs is secondary to azathioprine toxicity, and the most appropriate step is to decrease the dose of
azathioprine.
Viral infections are a serious cause of morbidity following transplantation. A “buffy coat” is the supernatant of a centrifuged blood sample that
contains the WBCs. Viral cultures from this supernatant as well as localization of inclusion bodies can identify transplant patients infected with
cytomegalovirus (CMV). This patient has CMV pneumonitis and needs to
be treated with high-dose gancyclovir.
An elevation in creatinine at 3-mo follow-up can be secondary to
rejection, anastomotic problems, urologic complications, infection, or
nephrotoxicity of various medications. With a normal ultrasound, no fever,
and no graft tenderness, the most likely cause is cyclosporine-induced
nephrotoxicity and the most appropriate step is a reduction in the
cyclosporine dose.
Finally, at 6 mo with graft tenderness, fever, and an edematous kidney
on ultrasound, rejection must be suspected. Negative cultures make infection unlikely, and a steroid boost is appropriate. Addition of monoclonal
antibodies to CD3 (OKT3) or pooled antibodies against lymphocytes
(ALG) is also appropriate in the treatment of a first rejection.
ENDOCRINE PROBLEMS
AND BREAST
Questions
DIRECTIONS: Each item below contains a question or incomplete
statement followed by suggested responses. Select the one best response to
each question.
241. Which of the following statements regarding adrenal cortical
insufficiency is true?
a. Treatment with exogenous steroids
is usually ineffective
b. It is commonly seen as a consequence of metastasis of distant cancers, such as lung or breast, to the
adrenal glands
c. Chronic adrenal insufficiency
(Addison’s disease) in the preoperative patient should be recognizable
by a constellation of findings,
including hyperglycemia, hypernatremia, and hypokalemia
d. Death from untreated chronic
adrenal insufficiency may occur
within hours of surgery
e. The most common underlying
cause today is infection with resistant tuberculosis
242. The thyroid scan shown
below exhibits a pattern that is
most consistent with which of the
following disorders?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Hypersecreting adenoma
Graves’ disease
Lateral aberrant thyroid
Papillary carcinoma of thyroid
Medullary carcinoma of thyroid
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Surgery
243. A 17-year-old girl presents
with an anterior neck mass. Her
thyroid scan, shown below, is most
consistent with which of the following disorders?
245. Estrogen receptor activity is
clinically useful in predicting
a.
b.
c.
d.
The presence of ovarian cancer
The presence of metastatic disease
Response to chemotherapy
Response to hormonal manipulation
e. The likelihood of development of
osteoporosis
246. When galactorrhea occurs in
a high school student, a diagnostic
associated finding would be
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Hypersecreting adenoma
Parathyroid adenoma
Thyroglossal duct cyst
Graves’ disease
Carcinoma
244. A 35-year-old woman undergoes her first screening mammogram. Which of the following
mammographic findings would
require a breast biopsy?
a. Breast calcifications larger than 2
mm in diameter
b. Five or more clustered breast
microcalcifications per square centimeter
c. A density that effaces with compression
d. Saucer-shaped microcalcifications
e. Multiple round well-circumscribed
breast densities
Gonadal atrophy
Bitemporal hemianopia
Exophthalmos and lid lag
Episodic hypertension
“Buffalo hump”
247. The diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism is most strongly
suggested by
a. Serum acid phosphatase above 120
IU/L
b. Serum alkaline phosphatase above
120 IU/L
c. Serum calcium above 11 mg/dL
d. Urinary calcium below 100 mg/day
e. Parathyroid hormone levels below
5 pmol/L
248. Somatostatin contributes to
which of the following processes?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Inhibition of adrenocortical cells
Inhibition of pancreatic α cells
Stimulation of antral gastrin cells
Stimulation of secretin-producing
cells in the duodenum
e. Stimulation of GI motility
Endocrine Problems and Breast
249. Which of the following
statements concerning Cushing syndrome secondary to adrenal adenoma is true?
a. Adrenal adenomas cause 40–60%
of all cases of Cushing syndrome
b. Biochemical and x-ray procedures
are generally unsuccessful in lateralizing the tumors preoperatively
c. Exploration of both adrenal glands
is indicated
d. For uncomplicated tumors, an open
transperitoneal surgical approach is
usually employed
e. Postoperative corticoid therapy is
required to prevent hypoadrenalism
250. A 40-year-old woman is
found to have a 1- to 2-cm, slightly
tender cystic mass in her breast; she
has no perceptible axillary adenopathy. What course would you follow?
a. Reassurance and reexamination in
the immediate postmenstrual period
b. Immediate excisional biopsy
c. Aspiration of the mass with cytologic analysis
d. Fluoroscopically guided needle
localization biopsy
e. Mammography and reevaluation of
options with new information
155
251. Which statement concerning
radiation-induced thyroid cancer is
true?
a. It usually follows high-dose radiation to the head and neck
b. A patient with a history of radiation
is safe if no cancer has been found
20 years after exposure
c. Approximately 25% of patients
with a history of head and neck
irradiation develop thyroid cancer
d. Most radiation-induced thyroid
cancers are follicular
e. The treatment of choice is a neartotal (or total) thyroidectomy
252. The course of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid is best
described by which of the following statements?
a. Metastases are rare; local growth is
rapid; erosion into the trachea and
large blood vessels is frequent
b. Local invasion and metastases
almost never occur, which makes
the term carcinoma misleading
c. Bony metastases are frequent and
produce an osteolytic pattern particularly in vertebrae
d. Metastases frequently occur to cervical lymph nodes; distant metastases and local invasion are rare
e. Rapid, widespread metastatic involvement of the liver, lungs, and
bone marrow results in a 5-year
survival rate of approximately 10%
156
Surgery
253. Fibrocystic disease of the
breast has been associated with elevated blood levels of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Testosterone
Progesterone
Estrogen
Luteinizing hormone
Aldosterone
254. A 14-year-old black girl had
her right breast removed because of
a large mass. The tumor weighed
1400 g and was found to have a
bulging, very firm, lobulated surface with a whorl-like pattern, as
illustrated below. This neoplasm is
most likely
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Cystosarcoma phylloides
Intraductal carcinoma
Malignant lymphoma
Fibroadenoma
Juvenile hypertrophy
255. As an incidental finding during an upper abdominal CT scan, a
3-cm mass in the adrenal gland is
noted. The appropriate next step in
analysis and management of this
finding would be
a.
b.
c.
d.
Observation
CT-guided needle biopsy
Excision of the mass
Measurement of urine catecholamine excretion
e. Cortisol provocation test
Items 256–257
A 53-year-old woman presents
with complaints of weakness, anorexia, malaise, constipation, and
back pain. While being evaluated,
she becomes somewhat lethargic.
Laboratory studies include a normal
chest x-ray; serum albumin 3.2
mg/dL; serum calcium 14 mg/dL;
serum phosphorus 2.6 mg/dL;
serum chloride 108 mg/dL; BUN 32
mg/dL; and creatinine 2.0 mg/dL.
256. Appropriate initial management would include
a. Intravenous normal saline infusion
b. Administration of thiazide diuretics
c. Administration of intravenous phosphorus
d. Use of mithramycin
e. Neck exploration and parathyroidectomy
Endocrine Problems and Breast
257. After appropriate immediate
management, the patient’s symptoms resolve. Diagnostic tests to
perform at this point would include which of the following?
a. Abdominal angiogram
b. Measurement of serum gastrin hormone levels
c. Kveim test
d. Serum and urine protein electrophoresis
e. Neck exploration
258. A woman sustains an injury
to her chest after striking the steering wheel of her automobile during
a collision. Which of the following
statements concerning fat necrosis
of the breast is true?
a. Most patients report a history of
trauma
b. The lesion is usually nontender and
diffuse
c. It predisposes patients to the development of breast cancer
d. It is difficult to distinguish from
breast cancer
e. Excision exacerbates the process
Items 259–260
259. The most likely diagnosis in a
patient with hypertension, hypokalemia, and a 7-cm suprarenal
mass is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Hypernephroma
Cushing’s disease
Adrenocortical carcinoma
Pheochromocytoma
Carcinoid
157
260. Appropriate treatment of this
condition would include which of
the following?
a. Embolization of the arterial blood
supply, including the suprarenal
artery
b. Metronidazole
c. Mitotane
d. Phentolamine
e. Phenoxybenzamine
261. For pregnant women who
are found to have breast cancer
a. Termination of a first-trimester
pregnancy is mandatory
b. Carcinoma of the breast behaves
more aggressively in pregnant
women owing to hormonal stimulation
c. Breast conservation is inappropriate for third-trimester pregnancies
d. Most have hormonally sensitive
tumors
e. Administration
of
adjuvant
chemotherapy is safe for the fetus
during the second and third
trimesters
262. True statements regarding
Paget’s disease of the breast include
that it
a. Usually precedes development of
Paget’s disease of bone
b. Presents with nipple-areolar eczematous changes
c. Does not involve axillary lymph
nodes because it is a manifestation
of intraductal carcinoma only
d. Accounts for 10–15% of all newly
diagnosed breast cancers
e. Is adequately treated with wide
excision when it presents as a mass
158
Surgery
263. A 40-year-old man who has a
long history of peptic ulcer disease
that has not responded to medical
therapy is admitted to the hospital.
His serum gastrin levels are
markedly elevated; at celiotomy, a
small, firm mass is palpated in the tail
of the pancreas. Correct statements
concerning this patient’s condition
include which of the following?
a. Histamine or a protein meal will
markedly increase basal acid secretion
b. Secretin administration will suppress acid secretion
c. The pancreatic mass will probably
be benign
d. Distal pancreatectomy is the treatment of choice
e. H2 receptor antagonists have not
been beneficial in the treatment of
this condition
264. Of the common complications of thyroidectomy, the one that
may be avoided through prophylaxis is
a. Injury to the recurrent laryngeal
nerve
b. Injury to the superior laryngeal
nerve
c. Symptomatic hypocalcemia
d. Thyroid storm
e. Postoperative hemorrhage and
wound hematoma
Items 265–266
265. Following correction of
the patient’s hypercalcemia with
hydration and gentle diuresis with
furosemide, the most likely therapeutic approach would be
a. Administration of maintenance
doses of steroids
b. Radiation treatment for bony
metastases
c. Neck exploration and resection of
three out of four parathyroid glands
d. Neck exploration and resection of a
parathyroid adenoma
e. Avoidance of sunlight, vitamin D,
and calcium-containing dairy products
266. This 30-year-old woman presented with weakness, bone pain,
an elevated parathormone level,
and a serum calcium level of 15.2
mg/dL. Skeletal survey films were
taken, including the hand films and
chest x-ray shown. The most likely
cause of these findings is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Sarcoidosis
Vitamin D intoxication
Paget’s disease
Metastatic carcinoma
Primary hyperparathyroidism
159
160
Surgery
267. A 25-year-old woman is
found to have an anterior neck
mass. Her thyroid scan, shown
below, exhibits findings that are
consistent with which of the following disorders?
269. A 36-year-old woman, 20 wk
pregnant, presents with a 1.5-cm
right thyroid mass. Fine-needle
aspiration is consistent with a papillary neoplasm. The mass is “cold”
by scan and solid by ultrasound.
Which method of treatment would
be contraindicated?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Right thyroid lobectomy
Subtotal thyroidectomy
Total thyroidectomy
Total thyroidectomy with lymph
node dissection
e. 131I radioactive ablation of the thyroid gland
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Carcinoma
Toxic adenoma
Toxic multinodular goiter
Graves’ disease
de Quervain’s (subacute) thyroiditis
268. Incisional biopsy of a breast
mass in a 35-year-old woman
demonstrates
a
hypercellular
fibroadenoma (cystosarcoma phylloides) at the time of frozen section.
Appropriate management of this
lesion could include
a. Wide local excision with a rim of
normal tissue
b. Lumpectomy and axillary lymphadenectomy
c. Modified radical mastectomy
d. Excision and postoperative radiotherapy
e. Excision, postoperative radiotherapy, and systemic chemotherapy
270. Correct statements concerning Hürthle-cell carcinoma of the
thyroid include which of the following?
a. It is a form of anaplastic thyroid
cancer
b. It metastasizes via the lymphatics to
regional lymph node basins
c. Treatment consists of a near-total
(or total) thyroidectomy
d. Microscopically, it consists of clusters of cells separated by areas of
collagen and amyloid
e. Once treated appropriately, it has a
low rate of recurrence
Endocrine Problems and Breast
271. A 28-year-old man presents
with a 2.5-cm mass in the anterior
triangle of the left neck. The mass
moves with swallowing and has
slowly enlarged over the past 1–2
years. The patient’s past medical
history is notable for high-dose
irradiation to the chest and
abdomen for Hodgkin’s lymphoma
8 years prior to presentation. Thyroid scan shows a “cold” lesion.
Fine-needle aspiration cytology is
“suspicious.” Core-needle biopsy
shows features suggestive of a follicular neoplasm. True statements
regarding this patient’s condition
include
a. Thyroid nodules in men are rarely
malignant
b. Prior radiation to the chest, if anything, would diminish the risk of
subsequent thyroid cancer
c. In the setting of abnormal cytology,
an initial course of TSH suppression by thyroid hormone is recommended
d. In the setting of a possible follicular
neoplasm, radioactive iodine (131I)
ablation is recommended
e. Total thyroidectomy is an acceptable treatment for this patient
161
272. True statements about discharge from the nipple include
a. Intermittent thin or milky discharge can be physiologic
b. Expressible nipple discharge is an
indication for open biopsy
c. Bloody discharge is indicative of an
underlying malignancy
d. Galactorrhea is indicative of an
underlying malignancy
e. Pathologic discharge is usually bilateral
273. True statements regarding
Cushing’s disease and Cushing syndrome include which of the following?
a. Adrenocortical hyperplasia is the
most common cause of Cushing’s
disease
b. Overproduction of ACTH is pathognomonic of Cushing syndrome
c. Clinical manifestations of Cushing’s
disease and Cushing syndrome are
identical
d. Cushing syndrome is caused only
by neoplasms of either the pituitary
or adrenal glands
e. Cushing’s disease is incurable
162
Surgery
274. A 34-year-old woman has
recurrent fainting spells induced by
fasting. Her serum insulin levels
during these episodes are markedly
elevated. Correct statements regarding this patient’s condition
include which of the following?
a. The underlying lesion is probably
an α-cell tumor of the pancreas
b. The underlying lesion is usually
multifocal
c. These lesions are usually malignant
d. Serum calcium levels may be elevated
e. She should be screened for a coexistent pheochromocytoma
275. The incidence of breast cancer
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Increases with increasing age
Has declined since the 1940s
Is related to dietary fat intake
Is related to coffee intake
Is related to vitamin C intake
Endocrine Problems and Breast
163
DIRECTIONS: Each group of questions below consists of lettered
options followed by numbered items. For each numbered item, select the
appropriate lettered option(s). Each lettered option may be used once,
more than once, or not at all. Choose exactly the number of options
indicated following each item.
Items 276–280
For each clinical description
select the appropriate stage of
breast cancer.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Stage I
Stage II
Stage III
Stage IV
Inflammatory carcinoma
276. Tumor not palpable, clinically positive lymph nodes fixed to
one another, no evidence of metastases (SELECT 1 STAGE)
277. Tumor 5.0 cm; clinically positive, movable ipsilateral lymph
nodes; no evidence of metastases
(SELECT 1 STAGE)
278. Tumor 2.1 cm, clinically negative lymph nodes, no evidence of
metastases (SELECT 1 STAGE)
279. Tumor not palpable but
breast diffusely enlarged and erythematous, clinically positive supraclavicular nodes, and evidence of
metastases (SELECT 1 STAGE)
280. Tumor 0.5 cm, clinically negative lymph nodes, pathological rib
fracture (SELECT 1 STAGE)
Items 281–285
A 43-year-old man presents
with signs and symptoms of peritonitis in the right lower quadrant.
The clinical impression and supportive data suggest acute appendicitis. At exploration, however, a
tumor is found; frozen section suggests carcinoid features. For each
tumor described, choose the most
appropriate surgical procedure.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Appendectomy
Segmental ileal resection
Cecectomy
Right hemicolectomy
Hepatic wedge resection
appropriate bowel resection
and
281. A 2.5-cm tumor at the base
of the appendix (SELECT 1 PROCEDURE)
282. A 1.0-cm tumor at the tip of
the appendix (SELECT 1 PROCEDURE)
163
164
Surgery
283. A 0.5-cm tumor with serosal
umbilication in the ileum (SELECT 1 PROCEDURE)
284. A 1.0-cm tumor of the
midappendix; 1-cm firm, pale
lesion at the periphery of the right
lobe of the liver (SELECT 1 PROCEDURE)
285. A 3.5-cm tumor encroaching
onto the cecum and extensive liver
metastases (SELECT 1 PROCEDURE)
Items 286–290
For each clinical problem outlined, select acceptable treatment
options.
a. No further surgical intervention
b. Wide local excision
c. Wide local excision with adjuvant
radiation therapy
d. Wide local excision with axillary
lymph node dissection and radiation therapy
e. Simple mastectomy (without axillary lymph node dissection)
f. Modified radical mastectomy (simple mastectomy with in-continuity
axillary lymph node dissection)
g. Radical mastectomy
h. Bilateral prophylactic simple mastectomies
286. A 49-year-old woman undergoes biopsy of a 1.0-cm breast
mass. Pathology shows extensive
comedo ductal carcinoma in situ.
(SELECT 2 CHOICES)
287. A 42-year-old woman with a
familial breast cancer (mother, four
sisters, and additional relatives)
undergoes her fifth breast biopsy
for a palpable mass. Pathology
shows ductal hyperplasia with
severe atypia. (SELECT
2
CHOICES)
288. A
51-year-old
(premenopausal) woman undergoes
needle localization biopsy for
microcalcifications.
Pathology
reveals sclerosing adenosis with
microcalcifications and extensive
lobular
carcinoma
in
situ.
(SELECT 1 CHOICE)
289. A 35-year-old woman presents with a palpable 1.5-cm tumor
in the upper outer quadrant of her
left breast. Biopsy reveals invasive
ductal carcinoma with 10% intraductal carcinoma. (SELECT 2
CHOICES)
290. A neglected 82-year-old
woman presents with a locally
advanced breast cancer that is
invading the pectoralis major muscle over a broad base. She is otherwise in good health. (SELECT 1
CHOICE)
ENDOCRINE PROBLEMS
AND BREAST
Answers
241. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 204–205.) Failure to recognize
adrenal cortical insufficiency, particularly in the postoperative patient, may
be a fatal error. This error is especially regrettable because therapy (exogenous steroids) is effective and easy to administer. Adrenal insufficiency may
occur in a host of settings including tuberculosis (formerly the most common cause), autoimmune states, severe infections (classically, meningococcal septicemia), pituitary insufficiency, after burns, during anticoagulant
therapy, and—most commonly today—after interruption of chronically
administered exogenous steroids. Although the adrenal gland is an occasional site for distant metastases, such as from lung or breast, it is rare for
there to be enough destruction of the glands to produce clinical adrenal
insufficiency. Chronic adrenal insufficiency (classic Addison’s disease)
should be recognizable preoperatively by the constellation of skin pigmentation, weakness, weight loss, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, abdominal
pain, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, and hyperkalemia. Death may occur
within hours of surgery if a patient with Addison’s disease is operated on
without cognizance of adrenal insufficiency and pretreatment with exogenous steroids. Patients who have adrenal insufficiency as a result of interruption of chronically administered exogenous steroids may not develop the
classic electrolyte abnormalities until the preterminal period. Adrenal insufficiency may also develop insidiously in the postoperative period, progressing over a course of several days. This insidious course is seen when adrenal
injury occurs in the perioperative period, as would be the case with adrenal
damage from hemorrhage into the gland in a patient receiving postoperative
anticoagulant therapy. Measurement of blood corticosteroid levels, urinary
corticosteroid secretion, urinary sodium levels, and the response to exogenous steroids is helpful in establishing the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency.
242. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1672, 1680.) The thyroid scan
illustrated in the question shows a single focus of increased isotope uptake,
165
166
Surgery
often referred to as a “hot” nodule; the remainder of the thyroid gland has
not taken up radioactive iodine. Hyperfunctioning adenomas become
independent of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) control and secrete
thyroid hormone autonomously, which results in clinical hyperthyroidism.
The elevated thyroid hormone levels ultimately diminish TSH levels
severely and thus depress function of the remaining normal thyroid gland.
An isolated focus of increased uptake on a thyroid scan is virtually diagnostic of a hyperfunctioning adenoma. Carcinomas usually display diminished uptake and are called “cold” nodules. Graves’ disease would probably
manifest as a diffusely hyperactive gland without nodularity. Multinodular
goiter would display many nodules with varying activity.
243. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 601–602, 1717.) The thyroid
gland originates embryologically from the foramen cecum at the base of the
tongue. Normally, the thyroglossal duct becomes obliterated and resorbed,
but portions may remain patent and become filled with serous fluid, which
produces a midline cervical mass. Observe that in the scan of the patient
described in the question, the mass is central and appears not to be part of
the gland itself.
244. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 543–546.) Breast biopsies have
traditionally been performed to obtain histology for clinically suspicious
palpable masses. In more recent years the advent of screening mammography has led to the discovery of nonpalpable but radiographically suspicious breast lesions that have a strong correlation with breast cancer. These
nonpalpable, mammographically detected lesions are (1) breast calcifications that are (a) smaller than 2 mm, (b) punctate, microlinear, or branching, and (c) clustered along ducts or concentrated in clusters greater than
five calcifications per square centimeter; (2) stellate-shaped lesions; (3)
masses with ill-defined borders or nodular contours; (4) solitary dominant
masses that are significantly larger than any other mass in either breast; and
(5) areas of increased noneffacing tissue density or distorted breast architecture. A parenchymal density that effaces with compression represents
normal glandular tissue. Saucer-shaped microcalcifications are seen in
patients with microscopic cystic disease, a benign condition. Multiple
round well-circumscribed densities are usually cysts, whose nature may be
confirmed with breast sonography.
Endocrine Problems and Breast
Answers
167
245. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 586–588.) The likelihood of
response of a breast cancer to hormonal therapy is dependent on the presence of hormone receptors in the cytoplasm of the breast cancer cells.
Receptors for corticosteroids, progesterone, prolactin, and estrogen have
been identified. Eighty percent of patients with tumors that exhibit receptors to both estrogen and progesterone respond favorably to hormonal
manipulation. Estrogen receptor activity has no predictive value in diagnosing ovarian cancer or metastatic disease, forecasting the development of
osteoporosis, or determining the likelihood of a beneficial response to
chemotherapy.
246. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1620–1628.) Prolactin-secreting
tumors in the pituitary gland (previously called chromophobe adenomas)
may grow to large size and cause bitemporal hemianopia because of proximity to the optic chiasm. They are typically associated with amenorrhea
and galactorrhea (the “A/G syndrome”) in women. In both sexes lack of
libido and impotence or infertility may be noted. Sexual vigor is usually
restored after removal of the adenomas. These tumors are not life threatening; if their physical size is not an issue or the relative sexual dysfunction is
not a problem, benign neglect is sometimes recommended.
247. The answer is c. (Norton, Ann Surg 215:297–299, 1992. Potts, Ann
Intern Med 114:593–597, 1991.) Primary hyperparathyroidism is a common
disease, with over 100,000 new cases diagnosed each year in the United
States, usually in women. Essential to the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism is the finding of hypercalcemia. Though there are many causes of
hypercalcemia, hyperparathyroidism is by far the most prevalent. With rare
exceptions, operations for primary hyperparathyroidism should not be
performed unless the patient is hypercalcemic. Parathyroid hormone
(PTH) is not invariably elevated, but it should be elevated relative to the
serum calcium level. Ordinarily, high serum calcium levels suppress
parathyroid secretion. Therefore, in the presence of hypercalcemia, normal
levels of PTH are “abnormal.” Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism
have either normal or elevated urinary calcium. As the name suggests,
patients with familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) have hypercalcemia. They also usually have elevated PTH, but surgery is not indicated in
this relatively rare setting of hypercalcemia.
168
Surgery
248. The answer is b. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 751–752, 869–870.) Somatostatin is produced by D cells in the pancreatic islets and in a variety of other
tissue sites in the central nervous system, gut, and elsewhere. It is a potent
inhibitory regulator of intestinal hormones and motility. Because it was
originally found in the hypothalamus, somatostatin earned its name
because it was believed to be a major inhibitor of secretion of growth hormone. It has now been shown to inhibit the secretion of most GI hormones, particularly insulin and glucagon, as well as gastrin, secretin, VIP,
PP, gastric acid, pepsin, pancreatic enzymes, thyroid-stimulating hormone,
renin, and calcitonin. It also inhibits intestinal, biliary, and gastric motility,
and is occasionally of value in controlling bowel fistulas by sharply reducing the amount of drainage. It has no known effect on adrenocortical cells.
249. The answer is e. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1344–1345.) Primary adrenal
pathology causes 10–20% of all cases of Cushing syndrome. A hyperfunctioning adrenal adenoma can usually be lateralized by preoperative radiologic studies, eliminating the need to explore both adrenal glands. In
10–15% of cases, adenomas are bilateral. The favored surgical approach
today is via transabdominal laparoscopy or by a posterior unilateral flank
route. The anterior transperitoneal approach should be reserved for complicated cases such as large or obviously malignant lesions. After tumor
excision, corticosteroid therapy to correct postoperative hypoadrenalism is
necessary.
250. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, p 1373.) Most clinicians would
recommend aspiration and cytologic examination of the cyst fluid in this
situation. Cysts are common lesions in the breasts of women in their thirties and forties; malignancies are relatively rare. All such lesions justify
attention, however, and physicians must not underestimate the fear associated with the discovery of a mass in the breast, even in low-risk situations.
If the lesion does not completely disappear after aspiration, excision is
advised. In young women the breast parenchyma is dense, which limits the
diagnostic value of mammography. The American Cancer Society (ACS)
does not suggest a baseline mammographic examination until age 35
unless a suspicious lesion exists.
251. The answer is e. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1301–1303.) Radiation-induced
thyroid cancer was first recognized in 1950 by Duffy and Fitzgerald. It usu-
Endocrine Problems and Breast
Answers
169
ally follows low-dose external radiation. Most cancers occur after exposure
to 1500 rads or less to the neck, but an increase in thyroid cancer has been
noted after as little as 6 rads. Salivary gland tumors and possibly parathyroid adenomas are also associated with radiation. The latent period for
these tumors is 30 years or longer. Of all patients who have low-dose radiation, about 9% have been found to have thyroid cancer, usually of the
papillary type. Treatment consists of a near-total thyroidectomy because
there is a high incidence of bilaterality and because there is a greater incidence of complications if a second operation is necessary.
252. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1301–1303.) Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid frequently metastasizes to cervical lymph nodes, but
distant metastasis is uncommon. The nonaggressive nature of this tumor
locally and the infrequency of distant metastases combine to produce an
80–95% 5-year survival rate. A contributing factor to the success of thyroid
surgery for papillary carcinoma is the easy accessibility of cervical nodes for
examination and dissection. Slow growth and a predilection for local
extension are characteristics of this tumor that contribute to a high survival
rate in affected persons. This is true even of patients who have limited
surgery, which has led to considerable controversy regarding the extent of
the indicated surgical procedure.
253. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1372–1374.) Fibrocystic disease (chronic cystic mastitis) is a common disorder of the adult female
breast. It is rare after cessation of ovarian function, either natural or
induced. Its association with estrogens is inferential. In postmenopausal
women it only occurs when replacement estrogen therapy is in use. Its
main clinical significance relates to the need to differentiate irregular breast
tissue from cancer. Patients afflicted with this disorder are often frustrated
by the repeated biopsies that may be recommended.
254. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 552–553.) Fibroadenomas occur
infrequently before puberty but are the most common breast tumors
between puberty and the early thirties. They usually are well demarcated
and firm. Although most fibroadenomas are no larger than 3 cm in diameter, giant or juvenile fibroadenomas frequently are very large. The bigger
fibroadenomas (greater than 5 cm) occur predominantly in adolescent
black girls. The average age at onset of juvenile mammary hypertrophy is
170
Surgery
16 years. This disorder involves a diffuse change in the entire breast and
does not usually manifest clinically as a discrete mass; it may be unilateral
or bilateral and can cause an enormous and incapacitating increase in
breast size. Regression may be spontaneous and sometimes coincides with
puberty or pregnancy. Cystosarcoma phylloides may also cause a large
lesion. Together with intraductal carcinoma, it characteristically occurs in
older women. Lymphomas are less firm than fibroadenomas and do not
have a whorl-like pattern. They display a characteristic fish-flesh texture.
255. The answer is a. (Gajraj, Br J Surg 80:422–426, 1993.) With the
increasing use of CT and MRI scans for other purposes, small “incidentalomas” of the adrenal gland are becoming a frequent finding. In the absence
of any clinical signs or symptoms of endocrine dysfunction, most experts
now recommend observation and a search for evidence of endocrine dysfunction for lesions less than 5 cm in diameter. Lesions below that size are
common and are usually asymptomatic, nonfunctional adenomas or
adrenal cysts. Functional neoplasms secrete an excess of hormones, which
produces clinical signs and symptoms. All functional tumors and solid
tumors greater than 5.0 cm in diameter should be removed. Cystic masses
greater than 5 cm may be aspirated with a fine needle. Clear fluid suggests
a benign lesion; if the fluid is bloody or aspiration produces solid tissue,
then the lesion should be resected.
Cystic tumors ranging from 3.5 to 5.0 cm may also be aspirated. If
bloody fluid is obtained or if the lesion is solid, then resection should be
considered in a patient who is otherwise a healthy surgical candidate. Both
solid and cystic masses less than 3.5 cm may be followed and can be considered benign if they do not increase in size or become functional.
256. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1679–1707.) The patient
described is exhibiting classic signs and symptoms of hyperparathyroidism. In addition, if a history is obtainable, frequently the patient will
relate a history of renal calculi and bone pain—the syndrome characterized
as “groans, stones, and bones.” The acute management of the hypercalcemic state includes vigorous hydration to restore intravascular volume,
which is invariably diminished. This will establish renal perfusion and thus
promote urinary calcium excretion. Thiazide diuretics are contraindicated
because they frequently cause patients to become hypercalcemic. Instead,
diuresis should be promoted with the use of “loop” diuretics such as
Endocrine Problems and Breast
Answers
171
furosemide (Lasix). The use of intravenous phosphorus infusion is no
longer recommended because precipitation in the lungs, heart, or kidney
can lead to serious morbidity. Mithramycin is an antineoplastic agent that
in low doses inhibits bone resorption and thus diminishes serum calcium
levels; it is used only when other maneuvers fail to decrease the calcium
level. Calcitonin is useful at times. Bisphosphonates are newer agents particularly useful for lowering calcium levels in resistant cases, such as those
associated with humoral malignancy. Finally, “emergency” neck exploration is seldom warranted. In unprepared patients, the morbidity is unacceptably high.
257. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 64, 1698.) The mechanism of
hypercalcemia of malignancy is thought to be due to either elaboration of
a “PTH-like” humoral factor or, many times, direct bone destruction by
metastatic disease. Breast, prostatic, pulmonary, and hematologic malignancy all may give rise to hypercalcemia. Serum and urine electrophoresis may identify a malignancy that causes bone destruction, such as
multiple myeloma. Sarcoidosis may produce hypercalcemia, but the presence of the normal chest x-ray essentially rules out this possibility. Thus,
a Kveim test is not indicated. An abdominal angiogram would not be
expected to identify a likely cause of hypercalcemia. Serum gastrin is not
implicated in the differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia. A neck exploration would not be indicated unless a parathyroid adenoma or carcinoma was suspected.
258. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 552.) Injury to breast tissue may
cause necrosis of mammary adipose tissue and lead to the formation of a
tender, localized, firm mass. A history of trauma is often elicited from
affected patients, but less apparent factors, such as prolonged pressure,
may also produce fat necrosis. Half the patients in whom the diagnosis is
made do not recall a history of trauma. The pathophysiology of this lesion
seems to involve early development of liquefaction of mammary fat with
the formation of a cystic mass. Through a process of fibrosis, this lesion
evolves into a firm, sometimes calcified lump that may be difficult to distinguish from carcinoma. There is, however, no relation between fat necrosis and the subsequent development of breast cancer. Excisional biopsy is
usually required for definitive diagnosis; if the diagnosis of fat necrosis is
confirmed, simple excision removes and terminates the process.
172
Surgery
259–260. The answers are 259-c, 260-c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp
1642–1645.) The constellation of symptoms in this patient is typical of a
functional adrenocortical tumor. Masculinization in females is also a common finding. Elevated urine 17-ketosteroids will be found in this patient.
Any adrenocortical tumor larger than 6 cm should be considered a carcinoma rather than an adenoma. Treatment should include resection, not
embolization, of as much tumor as possible. This would include invaded
adjacent organs such as the kidney or the tail of the pancreas. Symptoms
related to hormone production can be minimized by complete resection
despite the inability to cure advanced disease. The most effective adjuvant
therapy is mitotane, which is toxic for functional adrenocortical cells.
When mitotane is used, therefore, glucocorticoids must be administered.
Ketoconazole (not metronidazole) has been found to inhibit the production of various steroid hormones and may be useful in the treatment of
hormone-related symptoms. The overall 5-year survival of patients with
adrenocortical carcinoma treated with resection and mitotane is 20%.
Phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine are α-adrenergic blockers that are
sometimes useful in the preoperative management of pheochromocytomas.
261. The answer is e. (Barnavon, Surg Gynecol Obstet 171:347–352, 1990.)
Approximately 2% of American women who develop carcinoma of the breast
are pregnant at the time of diagnosis. The therapeutic approach to these
patients has changed considerably in recent years. Though changes in the
breast that occur during pregnancy often lead to a delay in diagnosis of breast
carcinoma, there is no convincing evidence that breast carcinoma in pregnant women behaves differently or is histologically different from that in
nonpregnant women. Furthermore, when patients are matched for age and
stage of disease, no significant differences in survival rates are found. The
majority of breast cancers in these patients, as with most premenopausal
patients, are estrogen-receptor negative and not hormonally sensitive. Therefore, elective termination of pregnancy is generally no longer indicated to
decrease estrogen stimulation of the tumor. Since radiation exposure endangers the fetus and there is no evidence that general anesthesia and nonabdominal surgery increase premature labor, modified radical mastectomy is
recommended for stage I or II carcinoma (tumor less than 4 cm in diameter).
Patients in later stages of pregnancy, however, can start radiation therapy
shortly after delivery, and some may be candidates for breast-conserving
surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. Chemotherapy does not appear to
Endocrine Problems and Breast
Answers
173
increase the risk of congenital malformation when given in the second or
third trimester of pregnancy. Patients who require adjuvant chemotherapy
during the first trimester may opt for a therapeutic abortion, however, since
there is a slightly increased risk of fetal malformation in that circumstance.
262. The answer is b. (Harris, pp 870–876.) Paget’s disease of the breast
is unrelated to Paget’s bone disease. It represents a small percentage (1–3%)
of all breast cancers and is thought to originate in the retroareolar lactiferous ducts. It progresses toward the nipple-areola complex in most patients,
where it causes the typical clinical finding of nipple eczema and erosion.
Up to 20% of patients with Paget’s disease have an associated breast mass,
and these patients are more likely to have involvement of axillary nodes.
Nipple-areolar disease alone usually represents in situ cancer; these
patients have a 10-year survival rate of over 80%. In contrast, if Paget’s disease presents with a mass, the mass is likely to be an infiltrating ductal carcinoma. The generally recommended surgical procedure for Paget’s disease
is currently a modified radical mastectomy. The validity of breast-saving
surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy for patients without an associated
mass is under investigation.
263. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1190–1196.) The syndrome of a
gastrin-secreting non-β-cell pancreatic tumor is a rare entity first described
by Zollinger and Ellison. They originally described a triad of (1) fulminant,
complicated peptic ulceration; (2) extreme gastric hypersecretion; and (3) a
non-β-cell tumor of pancreatic islets. Over 50% of the tumors are malignant, and 40% have metastases at the time of surgery. Until recently, total
gastrectomy was the primary operation for this tumor; however, it is now
believed that operative exploration of the patient with resection of the
tumor should be done if possible. H2 receptor antagonists have also proved
very promising in the management of these patients. Patients with ZollingerEllison tumors have very high basal gastric acid (greater than 35 meq/h) and
serum gastrin levels (usually greater than 200 pg/mL). A protein meal or histamine usually does not increase acid and gastrin levels as it would in conventional duodenal ulcer patients. A paradoxical rise in serum gastrin after
intravenous secretin is diagnostic of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
264. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1692–1693.) The incidence of
complications with thyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy is relatively low in
174
Surgery
most series. Thyroid storm, a manifestation of severe thyrotoxicosis, is
avoided by prophylactic treatment with propylthiouracil or methimazole
prior to surgery. The remaining complications listed are complications of
technique. The likelihood of serious complications increases with the extent
of resection (“total thyroidectomy” versus “subtotal thyroidectomy”) and
with the number of neck explorations (initial exploration versus reexploration). Injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve can compromise the airway,
as can hemorrhage into the wound. Superior laryngeal nerve injury causes
annoying voice “fatigue,” but is rarely of significant consequence. Hypocalcemia is usually transient, but can at times necessitate permanent calcium
supplementation. Perforation of hollow neck structures very seldom occurs,
and, unless it is massive or not appreciated, usually causes no morbidity.
265–266. The answers are 265-d, 266-e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp
1697–1707.) This patient’s presentation and films are consistent with primary hyperparathyroidism. The elevated parathormone level (PTH) confirms the diagnosis. Her chest film demonstrates marked osteopenia and
the hand films are classic for this disease with severe demineralization and
periosteal bone resorption most prominent in the middle phalanges. The
films show no evidence of malignant lesions or mediastinal adenopathy
consistent with sarcoidosis, and an elevated PTH level is not found in
Paget’s disease or vitamin D intoxication.
Treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism in this setting is resection
of the diseased parathyroid glands after initial correction of the severe
hypercalcemia. A neck exploration would yield a single parathyroid adenoma in about 85% of cases. Two adenomata are found less often (approximately 5%) and hyperplasia of all four glands occurs in about 10–15% of
patients. If hyperplasia is found, treatment includes resection of three and
one-half glands. The remnant of the fourth gland can be identified with a
metal clip in case reexploration becomes necessary. Alternatively, all four
glands can be removed with autotransplantation of a small piece of parathyroid tissue into the forearm or sternocleidomastoid muscle. Subsequent
hyperfunction, should it develop, can then be treated by removal of this tissue. A patient with osteopenia this severe will need calcium supplementation postoperatively. Vitamin D supplementation may also be necessary if
hypocalcemia develops and persists despite treatment with oral calcium.
267. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1678–1689.) The thyroid scan of
the patient discussed in the question shows a discrete area of decreased
Endocrine Problems and Breast
Answers
175
radioactive iodine uptake with the remainder of the gland accepting iodine
normally. This means the tissue that composes the nodule is not endocrinologically active for thyroid hormone. The two major mass lesions of the
thyroid that can produce this pattern are a nonfunctioning follicular adenoma and a carcinoma. Carcinomas seldom produce thyroid hormone.
Adenomas may be very active (toxic) and suppress the remaining gland.
Most thyroid adenomas, however, are not hormone producing and appear
as “cold” nodules on a thyroid scan. Graves’ disease produces a diffusely
hyperactive gland without nodularity. de Quervain’s thyroiditis presents as
a painful, swollen thyroid gland rather than as a discrete nodule. A large
parathyroid adenoma could conceivably displace the thyroid gland and
produce a pattern similar to the one shown, but it would be unusual. A
localized infectious process also could produce such a pattern. The essential point is that a “cold” thyroid nodule may represent a carcinoma, and
needle biopsy or surgical excision is indicated to rule out this possibility.
268. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 552–553.) Cystosarcoma phylloides is a tumor most often seen in younger women. It can grow to enormous size and at times ulcerate through the skin. Still, it is a lesion with
low propensity toward metastasis. Local recurrence is common, especially
if the initial resection was inadequate. Simple reexcision with adequate
margins is curative. Very large lesions may necessitate simple mastectomy
to achieve clear margins. Axillary lymphadenectomy, however, is seldom
indicated without biopsy-positive demonstration of tumor in the nodes.
The low incidence of metastatic disease suggests that adjunctive therapy is
indicated only for known metastatic disease, even when the tumors are
quite large and ulcerated.
269. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1681–1684.) This patient has cytologic evidence of a papillary lesion, possibly papillary carcinoma. Papillary
carcinoma is a relatively nonaggressive lesion with long-term survival (>20
years) of more than 90%. The lesion is frequently multicentric, which argues
for more complete resection. Metastases, when they occur, are usually responsive to surgical resection or radioablation therapy. Removal of the involved
lobe, and possibly the entire thyroid gland, is appropriate. Central and lateral
lymph node dissection is performed for clinically suspect lymph nodes. Papillary carcinoma is frequently multifocal. Bilateral disease mandates total thyroidectomy. The use of radioactive 131I, however, is contraindicated in
pregnancy and should be used with caution in women of childbearing age.
176
Surgery
270. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1685–1686.) Hürthle-cell cancer
is a type of follicular cancer, but it tends to recur more often than other
types. Follicular cancer spreads hematogenously to distant sites. This is
unlike papillary cancer, which metastasizes via the lymphatics. Amyloid
deposits in the stroma of a thyroid tumor are diagnostic of medullary carcinoma. The treatment of choice is a near-total thyroidectomy to facilitate
later body scanning for metastases and treatment with 131I.
271. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1681–1689.) Thyroid nodules
are somewhat less common in men and should always suggest malignancy.
The history of irradiation to the chest and the findings on biopsy mandate
resection of the lesion in this patient, since prior exposure to radiation,
even at low dosage, is a strong risk factor for the subsequent development
of thyroid cancer. The optimum management of thyroid carcinoma
remains controversial. Thyroid lobectomy, subtotal thyroidectomy, and
total thyroidectomy are all acceptable techniques for treatment. Removal of
the gland permits more accurate histologic diagnosis, particularly with
regard to the relatively radioresistant Hürthle-cell follicular variant.
Removal of the gland also makes subsequent treatment of metastases with
radioactive iodine more effective. Suppression with thyroid hormone (Synthroid) in the setting of abnormal cytology is not recommended.
272. The answer is a. (Harris, pp 106–110.) Nipple discharge from the
breast may be classified as pathologic, physiologic, or galactorrhea. Galactorrhea may be due to hormonal imbalance (hyperprolactinemia,
hypothyroidism), drugs (oral contraceptives, phenothiazines, antihypertensives, tranquilizers), or trauma to the chest. Physiologic nipple discharge is intermittent, nonlactational (usually serous), and due to stimulation of the nipple or to drugs (estrogens, tranquilizers). Both galactorrhea and physiologic discharge are frequently bilateral and arise from multiple ducts. Pathologic nipple discharge may be caused by benign lesions
of the breast (duct ectasia, papilloma, fibrocystic disease) or by cancer. It
may be bloody, serous, or gray-green. It is spontaneous and unilateral and
can often be localized to a single nipple duct. When pathologic discharge
is diagnosed, an effort should be made to identify the source. If an associated mass is present, it should be biopsied. If no mass is found, a terminal
duct excision of the involved duct(s) should be performed. Only 10 percent of patients with pathologic nipple discharge are found to have breast
cancer.
Endocrine Problems and Breast
Answers
177
273. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1622–1623, 1635–1639.) Cushing’s disease is caused by hypersecretion of ACTH by the pituitary gland.
This hypersecretion, in turn, is caused by either a pituitary adenoma (90%
of cases) or diffuse pituitary corticotrope hyperplasia (10% of cases) due to
hypersecretion of CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone) by the hypothalamus. A high cure rate is achieved with surgery, occasionally followed by
adjuvant radiotherapy for large pituitary adenomas. Cushing syndrome
refers to the clinical manifestations of glucocorticoid excess due to any
cause (Cushing’s disease, administration of exogenous glucocorticoids,
adrenocortical hyperplasia, adrenal adenoma, adrenal carcinoma, ectopic
ACTH-secreting tumors) and includes truncal obesity, hypertension, hirsutism, moon facies, proximal muscle wasting, ecchymoses, skin striae,
osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, amenorrhea, growth retardation, and
immunosuppression. The most common cause of Cushing syndrome is
iatrogenic, via administration of synthetic corticosteroids.
274. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1493–1494, 1686–1688.) Insulinsecreting β-cell tumors of the pancreas produce paroxysmal nervous system
manifestations that may be a consequence of hypoglycemia, although the
blood glucose level may bear little relation to the severity of the symptoms,
even in the same patient from episode to episode. Most insulinomas are single discrete tumors. Patients with insulinoma in the setting of the MEN 1
syndrome (synchronous islet cell tumors of the pancreas, pituitary hyperplasia or adenomas, and parathyroid chief cell hyperplasia), however, are
more likely to have multiple tumors throughout the pancreas. If a careful
examination of the pancreas reveals one or more specific adenomas, these
can be locally excised. Excision of these tumors may be difficult in MEN 1,
when the tumors are small and multiple (10–15% of cases). The finding of
an elevated serum calcium level would raise the suspicion of MEN 1 and
parathyroid hyperplasia. Insulinomas are not associated with MEN 2, which
comprises coexistent medullary thyroid cancer, parathyroid hyperplasia,
and pheochromocytoma. About one in seven of these tumors is malignant.
Streptozotocin, a potent antibiotic that selectively destroys islet cells, can be
useful in controlling symptoms from unresectable malignant tumors of the
islet cells but probably has little to offer in the definitive management of the
typical benign islet cell insulinoma.
275. The answer is a. (Harris, pp 159–167.) Breast cancer is rarely seen
before the age of 20, but thereafter its incidence increases inexorably. While
178
Surgery
the prevalence of breast cancer (the raw number of patients alive with disease) is greatest among perimenopausal women, the incidence of breast cancer (the number of new cases per 100,000 population) rises so sharply that it
is twice as common among women between 80 and 85 years of age as among
those 60 to 65. In addition, the age-adjusted incidence has increased steadily
since the mid-1940s. No data is presently available consistently linking the
incidence of breast cancer to dietary factors. A possible linkage between
breast cancer and alcohol consumption at an early age is being studied.
276–280. The answers are 276-c, 277-b, 278-b, 279-e, 280-d.
(Schwartz, 7/e, p 321.) The American Joint Committee on Cancer has
defined a four-tiered staging system for breast cancer based on the clinical
criteria of tumor size, involvement of lymph nodes, and metastatic disease.
In one version of this system, a separate category is reserved for inflammatory breast cancer. While the grouping of breast cancers into stages provides a useful shorthand for expressing a patient’s survival probability, it is
noteworthy that considerable heterogeneity exists both with respect to
tumor size and nodal characteristics among tumors that are classified
within a given stage.
The TNM stage of breast cancer is assigned by measuring the greatest
diameter of the tumor (“T”), assessing the axillary and clavicular lymph
nodes for enlargement and fixation (“N”), and judging whether metastatic
disease is present (“M”). In general, the worst of the three TNM parameters
will determine the stage assignment.
Tumors that are not palpable are classified T0; tumors 2 cm or less, T1;
tumors greater than 2 but not more than 5 cm, T2; tumors greater than 5
cm, T3; and tumors with extension into the chest wall or skin, T4.
Clinically negative lymph nodes are classified N0; positive, movable
ipsilateral axillary nodes, N1; fixed ipsilateral axillary nodes, N2; and clavicular nodes, N3.
Absence of evidence of metastatic disease is classified M0; distant
metastatic disease, M1.
The patient in question 276 has a T0, N2, M0 lesion. This is stage III
(fixed or matted nodes are a poor prognostic sign).
The patient in question 277 has a T2, N1, M0 lesion. This is stage II.
The patient in question 278 has a T2, N0, M0 lesion. Though smaller
than the tumor in question 277 and without clinically involved nodes, this
tumor is also stage II.
Endocrine Problems and Breast
Answers
179
The patient in question 279 has findings compatible with inflammatory breast cancer. A biopsy of the involved skin and a mammogram would
confirm the diagnosis.
The patient in question 280 has a T1, N0, M1 lesion. This is stage IV
(stage IV is any T, any N, M1).
281–285. The answers are 281-d, 282-a, 283-b, 284-e, 285-c.
(Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1244–1246.) Carcinoid tumors are most commonly found
in the appendix and small bowel, where they may be multiple. They have a
tendency to metastasize, which varies with the size of the tumor. Tumors
< 1 cm uncommonly metastasize. Tumors > 2.0 cm are more often found to
be metastatic. Metastasis to the liver and beyond may give rise to the carcinoid syndrome. The tumors cause an intense desmoplastic reaction. Spread
into the serosal lymphatics does not imply metastatic disease; local resection
is potentially curative. When metastatic lesions are found in the liver, they
should be resected when technically feasible to limit the symptoms of the
carcinoid syndrome. When extensive hepatic metastases are found, the disease is not curable. Resection of the appendix and cecum may be performed
to prevent an early intestinal obstruction by locally encroaching tumor.
286–290. The answers are 286-c, f; 287-a, h; 288-a; 289-d, e; 290g. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 572–586.) Generally accepted treatment for stage I
breast cancer in premenopausal women includes lumpectomy (wide excision, partial mastectomy, quadrantectomy) combined with axillary lymph
node dissection and adjuvant radiation therapy, and modified radical mastectomy. Both approaches offer equivalent chances of cure; there is a higher
incidence of local recurrence with lumpectomy, axillary dissection, and
radiation, but this observation has not been found to affect the overall cure
rate in comparison with mastectomy.
Patients with familial breast cancer (multiple first-degree relatives and
penetrance of breast cancer through several familial generations) have
extremely high risks of developing breast cancer in the course of their lifetimes. A subset of patients with familial breast cancer has been identified
by a specific gene mutation (BRCA1); however, the genetic basis of most
cases of familial breast cancer has yet to be elucidated. A patient with a history of familial breast cancer and multiple biopsies showing atypia may reasonably request bilateral prophylactic simple mastectomies. Alternatively,
she may continue with routine surveillance.
180
Surgery
Lobular carcinoma in situ is a histologic marker that identifies patients
who are at increased risk for the development of breast cancer. It is not a
precancerous lesion in itself, and there is no benefit to widely excising it
because the risk of subsequent cancer is equal for both breasts. As the risk
for the future development of breast cancer is now estimated to be approximately 1% per year, prophylactic mastectomy is no longer recommended.
Proper management would consist of close surveillance for cancer by twice
yearly examinations and yearly mammography. Sclerosing adenosis is a
benign lesion.
Ductal carcinoma in situ is the precursor of invasive ductal carcinoma.
It is described in four histologic variants (papillary, cribriform, solid, and
comedo type), of which the comedo subtype shows the greatest tendency
to recur after wide excision alone. For years, ductal carcinoma in situ was
treated by simple mastectomy. In recent years, studies have shown equally
good results with wide excision alone (for small noncomedo lesions) or
wide excision plus radiation therapy. For a 1.0-cm comedocarcinoma
(which may extend microscopically wider still), most experts would favor
simple mastectomy or wide excision with radiation therapy.
There are few indications for radical mastectomy as it is both more
traumatic and disfiguring than any other method of local control of breast
cancer and offers no greater survival benefit. One indication for radical
mastectomy, however, is locally advanced breast cancer with wide invasion
of the pectoralis major in a patient who is physiologically able to tolerate
general anesthesia.
GASTROINTESTINAL
TRACT, LIVER, AND
PANCREAS
Questions
DIRECTIONS: Each item below contains a question or incomplete
statement followed by suggested responses. Select the one best response to
each question.
291. Omeprazole has been added
to the H2 antagonists as a therapeutic approach to the management of
acute gastric and duodenal ulcers.
It acts by
a. Blocking breakdown of mucosaldamaging metabolites of NSAIDs
b. Providing a direct cytoprotective
effect
c. Buffering gastric acids
d. Inhibiting parietal cell hydrogenpotassium-ATPase
e. Inhibiting gastrin release and parietal cell acid production
292. Evidence that a splenectomy
might benefit a patient with
immune (idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) includes
a. A significant enlargement of the
spleen
b. A high reticulocyte count
c. Megakaryocytic elements in the
bone marrow
d. An increase in the platelet count on
cortisone therapy
e. Patient age of less than 5 years
181
Terms of Use
182
Surgery
293. An 18-year-old woman presents with abdominal pain, fever, and
leukocytosis. With the presumptive diagnosis of appendicitis, a right lower
quadrant (McBurney) incision is made and the lesion pictured below is
delivered. The process is 50 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve. This lesion
a. Can best be diagnosed by preoperative angiogram, which should be done
whenever the diagnosis is suspected
b. Should routinely be removed when incidentally discovered during celiotomy
c. Is embryologically derived from a persistent vitelline duct (omphalomesenteric
duct)
d. Often contains ectopic adrenal tissue
e. Is frequently associated with cutaneous flushing and episodic tachycardia
294. A 41-year-old man complains of regurgitation of saliva and of
ingested but undigested food. An esophagram reveals a “bird’s beak” deformity. Which of the following statements is true about this condition?
a. Chest pain is common in the advanced stages of this disease
b. More patients are improved by forceful dilation than by surgical intervention
c. Manometry can be expected to show high resting pressures of the lower
esophageal sphincter
d. Surgical treatment primarily consists of resection of the distal esophagus with
reanastomosis to the stomach above the diaphragm
e. Patients with this disease are at no increased risk for the development of carcinoma
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
295. Which of the following statements concerning imperforate anus
is true?
a. Imperforate anus affects males
more frequently than females
b. In 90% of males, but only 50% of
females, the rectum ends below the
level of the levator ani complex
c. The rectum usually ends in a blind
pouch
d. The chance for eventual continence
is greater when the rectum has
descended to below the levator ani
muscles
e. Immediate definitive repair of the
anatomic defect is required to maximize the chance of eventual continence
183
Items 296–297
A previously healthy 80-yearold woman presents with early satiety and abdominal fullness. The CT
scan shown below is obtained.
296. The lesion is most likely a
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Pancreatic pseudocyst
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma
Retroperitoneal lymphoma
Pancreatic serous cystadenoma
297. Which of the following statements about this lesion is true?
a. Clinical and laboratory findings
together establish a preoperative
diagnosis
b. Significant weight loss and back
pain are the typical presentation
c. The lesion may be multilocular or
calcified
d. It is unlikely to be cured by resection if large
e. It is associated with a history of
pancreatitis
184
Surgery
298. A patient with a history
familial polyposis undergoes
diagnostic polypectomy. Which
the following types of polyps
most likely to be found?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
of
a
of
is
Villous adenoma
Hyperplastic polyp
Adenomatous polyp
Retention polyp
Pseudopolyp
299. What is the most common
serious complication of an end
colostomy?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Bleeding
Skin breakdown
Parastomal hernia
Colonic perforation during irrigation
e. Stomal prolapse
300. Which of the following statements regarding pancreatic carcinoma is true?
a. The majority of cases present with
jaundice alone
b. CT scan, angiography, and laparoscopy have been unsuccessful in
predicting resectability
c. If a patient is jaundiced, the
resectability rate is less than 5%
d. 99% of patients with pancreatic
cancer have metastatic disease at
the time of diagnosis
e. The 5-year survival rate after a
Whipple procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy) performed for cure
is 30–40%
Items 301–302
A 45-year-old woman is
explored for a perforated duodenal
ulcer 6 h after onset of symptoms.
She has a history of chronic peptic
ulcer disease treated medically with
minimal symptoms.
301. The procedure of choice is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Simple closure with omental patch
Truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty
Antrectomy and truncal vagotomy
Highly selective vagotomy
Hemigastrectomy
302. Six weeks after surgery, the
patient returns complaining of
postprandial weakness, sweating,
light-headedness, crampy abdominal pain, and diarrhea. The best
management would be
a. Antispasmodic medications (e.g.,
Lomotil)
b. Dietary advice and counseling that
symptoms will probably abate
within 3 mo of surgery
c. Dietary advice and counseling that
symptoms will probably not abate
but are not dangerous
d. Workup for neuroendocrine tumor
(e.g., carcinoid)
e. Preparation for revision to Rouxen-Y gastrojejunostomy
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
Items 303–304
A 60-year-old male alcoholic is
admitted to the hospital with
hematemesis. His blood pressure is
100/60 mm Hg, the physical examination reveals splenomegaly and
ascites, and the initial hematocrit is
25%. Nasogastric suction yields
300 mL of fresh blood.
303. A 55-year-old man complains of chronic intermittent epigastric pain, and gastroscopy
demonstrates a 2-cm ulcer of the
distal lesser curvature. Endoscopic
biopsy yields no malignant tissue.
After a 6-wk trial of H2 blockade
and antacid therapy, the ulcer is
unchanged. Proper therapy at this
point is
a.
b.
c.
d.
Repeat trial of medical therapy
Local excision of the ulcer
Billroth I partial gastrectomy
Billroth I partial gastrectomy with
vagotomy
e. Vagotomy and pyloroplasty
304. After initial resuscitation, this
man should undergo
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Esophageal balloon tamponade
Barium swallow
Selective angiography
Esophagogastroscopy
Exploratory celiotomy
185
305. A diagnosis of bleeding
esophageal varices is made in this
patient. Appropriate initial therapy
would be
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Intravenous vasopressin
Endoscopic sclerotherapy
Emergency portacaval shunt
Emergency esophageal transection
Esophageal balloon tamponade
306. During an operation for carcinoma of the hepatic flexure of the
colon, an unexpected discontinuous 3-cm metastasis is discovered
in the edge of the right lobe of the
liver. The surgeon should
a. Terminate the operation, screen the
patient for evidence of other metastases, and plan further therapy after
the reevaluation
b. Perform a right hemicolectomy and
a right hepatic lobectomy
c. Perform a right hemicolectomy and
a wedge resection of the metastasis
d. Perform a cecostomy and schedule
reoperation after a course of systemic chemotherapy
e. Perform local resection of the primary colon cancer and plan radiation therapy for the lesion on the
liver
186
Surgery
307. A 42-year-old man with no
history of use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) presents with recurrent gastritis.
Infection with Helicobacter pylori is
suspected. Which of the following
statements is true?
309. A spry octogenarian who has
never before been hospitalized is
admitted with signs and symptoms
typical of a small bowel obstruction. Which of the following clinical findings would give the most
help in ascertaining the diagnosis?
a. Morphologically, the bacteria is a
gram-positive, tennis-racket-shaped
organism
b. Diagnosis can be made by serologic
testing or urea breath tests
c. Diagnosis is most routinely
achieved via culturing endoscopic
scrapings
d. The most effective way to treat and
prevent recurrence of this patient’s
gastritis is through the use of singledrug therapy aimed at eradicating
H. pylori
e. The organism is easily eradicated
a. Coffee-grounds aspirate from the
stomach
b. Aerobilia
c. A leukocyte count of 40,000/µL
d. A pH of 7.5, PCO2 of 50 kPa, and
paradoxically acid urine
e. A palpable mass in the pelvis
308. Which of the following hernias follows the path of the spermatic cord within the cremaster
muscle?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Femoral
Direct inguinal
Indirect inguinal
Spigelian
Interparietal
310. Which of the following colonic pathologies is thought to have
no malignant potential?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Ulcerative colitis
Villous adenomas
Familial polyposis
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Crohn’s colitis
311. A 70-year-old woman has
nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, and episodic, crampy midabdominal pain. She has no history
of previous surgery but has a long
history of cholelithiasis for which
she has refused surgery. Her abdominal radiograph reveals a spherical
density in the right lower quadrant.
Correct treatment should consist of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Ileocolectomy
Cholecystectomy
Ileotomy and extraction
Nasogastric tube decompression
Intravenous antibiotics
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
312. Which of the following statements concerning Hirschsprung’s
disease is true?
a. It is initially treated by colostomy
b. It is best diagnosed in the newborn
period by barium enema
c. It is characterized by the absence of
ganglion cells in the transverse
colon
d. It is associated with a high incidence of genitourinary tract anomalies
e. It is the congenital disease that
most commonly leads to subsequent fecal incontinence
313. Spontaneous
closure
of
which of the following congenital
abnormalities of the abdominal wall
generally occurs by the age of 4?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Umbilical hernia
Patent urachus
Patent omphalomesenteric duct
Omphalocele
Gastroschisis
314. Laparoscopic
cholecystectomy is indicated for symptomatic
gallstones in which of the following
conditions?
a. Cirrhosis
b. Prior upper abdominal surgery
c. Suspected carcinoma of the gallbladder
d. Morbid obesity
e. Coagulopathy
187
315. Infants with anorectal anomalies tend to have other congenital
anomalies. Associated abnormalities include which of the following?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Abnormalities of the cervical spine
Hydrocephalus
Duodenal atresia
Heart disease
Corneal opacities
316. A 48-year-old woman develops pain of the right lower quadrant while playing tennis. The pain
progresses and the patient presents
to the emergency room later that
day with a low-grade fever, a white
blood count of 13,000, and complaints of anorexia and nausea as
well as persistent, sharp pain of the
right lower quadrant. On examination she is tender in the right lower
quadrant with muscular spasm and
there is a suggestion of a mass
effect. An ultrasound is ordered
and shows an apparent mass in the
abdominal wall. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Acute appendicitis
Cecal carcinoma
Hematoma of the rectus sheath
Torsion of an ovarian cyst
Cholecystitis
188
Surgery
317. A 36-h-old infant presents with bilious vomiting and an increasingly
distended abdomen. At exploration the segment below is found as the
point of obstruction. Which of the following statements regarding this
finding is true?
a. Resection with primary anastomosis should not be performed
b. Gentle, persistent traction on the specimen usually corrects the defect and
removes the need for a resection
c. The lesion is much more common in the jejunum than in the ileum in this age
group
d. This problem is probably related to mesenteric vascular insufficiency
e. A properly monitored barium enema might have corrected this defect and
removed the need for an operation
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
318. In determining the proper
treatment for a sliding hiatal hernia, the most useful step would be
a. Barium swallow with cinefluoroscopy during Valsalva maneuver
b. Flexible endoscopy
c. 24-h monitoring of esophageal pH
d. Measuring the size of the hernia
e. Assessing the patient’s smoking and
drinking history
319. Which of the following statements regarding the etiology of
obstructive jaundice is true?
a. A markedly elevated SGOT and
SGPT are usually associated with
obstructive jaundice
b. When extrahepatic biliary obstruction is suspected, the first test
should be endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)
c. A Klatskin tumor will result in
extrahepatic ductal dilation only
d. A liver-spleen scan will add significantly to the diagnostic workup for
obstructive jaundice
e. Carcinoma of the head of the pancreas can cause deep epigastric or
back pain in as many as 80% of
patients
189
320. A previously healthy 9-yearold child comes to the emergency
room because of fulminant upper
gastrointestinal bleeding. The hemorrhage is most likely to be the
result of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Esophageal varices
Mallory-Weiss syndrome
Gastritis
A gastric ulcer
A duodenal ulcer
321. Intragastric pressure remains
steady near 2–5 mm Hg during
slow gastric filling, but rises rapidly
to high levels after reaching a volume of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
400–600 mL
700–900 mL
1000–1200 mL
1300–1500 mL
1600–1800 mL
190
Surgery
322. Which of the following statements is true regarding the effects
of colon resection?
324. Which statement regarding
absorption by the small intestine is
true?
a. Net absorption of water by the rectum has been demonstrated in
humans
b. Patients who undergo major colon
resections suffer little change in
their bowel habits following operation
c. The left colon is better adapted for
water absorption than the right
colon
d. The right colon is better adapted
for electrolyte absorption than the
left colon
e. The role of the ileocecal valve in
normal fluid homeostasis is well
established
a. All but the fat in milk is digested
and absorbed in humans by the
end of the duodenum
b. Complete absorption of carbohydrates in a normal meal occurs in
the ileum
c. In short gut syndrome, much of the
dietary carbohydrate appears in the
stool
d. Aldosterone markedly decreases
sodium transport across the gut
mucosa
e. Enzymes of the brush border of the
small intestine can digest and
absorb less than 5% of an average
protein meal in the absence of the
pancreas
323. Operative planning and preoperative counseling for a patient
with a rectal carcinoma can be best
provided if the patient is staged
before surgery by
325. Local stimuli that inhibit the
release of gastrin from the gastric
mucosa include which of the following?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Rigid proctoscopy
Barium enema
MRI of the pelvis
CT scanning of the pelvis
Rectal endosonography
Small proteins
20-proof alcohol
Caffeine
Acidic antral contents
Antral distention
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
326. Which statement regarding
fat absorption is true?
a. Half of neutral fat can be absorbed
in the complete absence of bile and
pancreatic lipase
b. Fifty percent of the total bile salt
pool is lost in the stool and replaced
daily by synthesis in the liver
c. Glycerol, short-chain fatty acids,
and medium-chain triglycerides
exit the mucosal cell in chylomicrons
d. Conjugated bile salts are actively
resorbed in the colon and returned
to the liver via the portal vein
e. Water-insoluble dietary lipid is rendered into soluble micelles through
mixing with pancreatic amylase
327. For a symptomatic partial
duodenal obstruction secondary to
an annular pancreas, the operative
treatment of choice is
a.
b.
c.
d.
A Whipple procedure
Gastrojejunostomy
Vagotomy and gastrojejunostomy
Partial resection of the annular pancreas
e. Duodenojejunostomy
191
328. A previously healthy 15-yearold boy is brought to the emergency
room with complaints of about 12 h
of progressive anorexia, nausea, and
pain of the right lower quadrant.
On physical examination, he is
found to have a rectal temperature
of 38.18°C (100.58°F) and has
direct and rebound abdominal tenderness localizing to McBurney’s
point as well as involuntary guarding in the right lower quadrant. At
operation through a McBurney-type
incision, the appendix and cecum
are found to be normal, but the surgeon is impressed with the marked
edema of the terminal ileum, which
also has an overlying fibrinopurulent exudate. The correct procedure
is to
a. Close the abdomen after culturing
the exudate
b. Perform a standard appendectomy
c. Resect the involved terminal ileum
d. Perform the ileocolic resection
e. Perform an ileocolostomy to bypass
the involved terminal ileum
192
Surgery
329. A 32-year-old woman undergoes a cholecystectomy for acute
cholecystitis and is discharged home
on the sixth postoperative day. She
returns to the clinic 8 mo after the
operation for a routine visit and is
noted by the surgeon to be jaundiced. Laboratory values on readmission show total bilirubin 5.6
mg/dL; direct bilirubin 4.8 mg/dL;
alkaline phosphatase 250 IU (normal 21–91 IU); SGOT 52 KU
(normal 10–40 KU); SGPT 51 KU
(normal 10–40 KU). An ultrasonogram shows dilated intrahepatic
ducts. The patient undergoes the
transhepatic cholangiogram seen below. Appropriate management is
a. Choledochoplasty with insertion of
a T tube
b. End-to-end choledochocholedochal
anastomosis
c. Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy
d. Percutaneous transhepatic dilatation
e. Choledochoduodenostomy
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
330. After complete removal of a
sessile polyp of 2.0 × 1.5 cm found
one fingerlength above the anal
mucocutaneous margin, the pathologist reports it to have been a
villous adenoma that contained
carcinoma in situ. You would recommend that this patient undergo
a. Reexcision of the biopsy site with
wider margins
b. Abdominoperineal rectosigmoid
resection
c. Anterior resection of the rectum
d. External radiation therapy to the
rectum
e. No further therapy
331. A 55-year-old woman with
cancer of the cervix undergoes hysterectomy and is found to have
pelvic lymph nodes involved with
cancer. She then receives a course
of external beam radiation (4500
rads). When the physician counsels
her prior to her radiation treatment, she should be told of all the
possible complications of radiation
enteritis. Which of the following is
generally not associated with radiation injury?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Malabsorption
Intussusception
Ulceration
Fistulization
Perforation
193
332. Which of the following
would be expected to stimulate
intestinal motility?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Fear
Gastrin
Secretin
Acetylcholine
Cholecystokinin
333. Which of the following statements concerning carcinoma of the
esophagus is true?
a. Alcohol has been implicated as a
precipitating factor
b. Squamous carcinoma is the most
common type at the cardioesophageal junction
c. It has a higher incidence in males
d. It occurs more commonly in patients with corrosive esophagitis
e. Surgical excision is the only effective treatment
194
Surgery
Items 334–335
334. A 30-year-old man with a
duodenal ulcer is being considered
for surgery because of intractable
pain and a previous bleeding episode. Serum gastrin levels are found
to be over 1000 pg/mL (normal
40–150) on three separate determinations. The patient should be told
that the operation of choice is
a. Vagotomy and pyloroplasty
b. Highly selective vagotomy and
tumor resection
c. Subtotal gastrectomy
d. Total gastrectomy
e. Partial pancreatectomy
335. Another 30-year-old man
with the identical clinical situation
presented in the previous question
is being considered for surgery. His
serum gastrin level, however, is 150
⫾ 10 pg/mL on three determinations. The surgeon should perform
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
An arteriogram
A secretin stimulation test
A total gastrectomy
A subtotal gastrectomy
A highly selective vagotomy
336. The most common clinical
presentation of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Ureteral obstruction
Leg edema
Calf claudication
Jaundice
Intestinal obstruction
337. A 55-year-old man who is
extremely obese reports weakness,
sweating, tachycardia, confusion,
and headache whenever he fasts for
more than a few hours. He has
prompt relief of symptoms when he
eats. These symptoms are most
suggestive of which of the following disorders?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Diabetes mellitus
Insulinoma
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Carcinoid syndrome
Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type
II
338. In planning the management
of a 2.8-cm epidermoid carcinoma
of the anus, the first therapeutic
approach should be
a. Abdominoperineal resection
b. Wide local resection with bilateral
inguinal node dissection
c. Local radiation therapy
d. Systemic chemotherapy
e. Combined radiation therapy and
chemotherapy
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
339. An 80-year-old man is admitted to the hospital complaining of
nausea, abdominal pain, distention, and diarrhea. A cautiously
performed transanal contrast study
reveals an “apple core” configuration in the rectosigmoid. Appropriate management at this time would
include
195
341. A 50-year-old man presents
to the emergency room with a 6-h
history of excruciating abdominal
pain and distention. The abdominal film shown below is obtained.
The next diagnostic maneuver
should be
a. Colonoscopic decompression and
rectal tube placement
b. Saline enemas and digital disimpaction of fecal matter from the rectum
c. Colon resection and proximal
colostomy
d. Oral administration of metronidazole and checking a Clostridium difficile titer
e. Evaluation of an electrocardiogram
and obtaining an angiogram to
evaluate for colonic mesenteric
ischemia
340. Indications for operation in
Crohn’s disease include which of
the following?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Intestinal obstruction
Enterovesical fistula
Ileum–ascending colon fistula
Enterovaginal fistula
Free perforation
a. Emergency celiotomy
b. Upper gastrointestinal series with
small-bowel follow-through
c. CT scan of the abdomen
d. Barium enema
e. Sigmoidoscopy
196
Surgery
342. Which of the following
organisms is most closely associated with gastric and duodenal
ulcer disease?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Campylobacter
Cytomegalovirus
Helicobacter
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
Yersinia enterocolitica
343. On Monday morning, a septuagenarian man has a moderatesized
abdominal
aneurysm
resected. On Friday, he is noted to
be markedly distended with an
abdominal radiograph on which
the cecum is measured as 12 cm
across. Proper management at this
time would be
a. Decompression of the large bowel
via colonoscopy
b. Replacement of the nasogastric
tube and administration of lowdose cholinergic drugs
c. Continued
nothing-by-mouth
orders, administration of a gentle
saline enema, and encouragement
of ambulation
d. Immediate return to the operating
room for operative decompression
by transverse colostomy
e. Right hemicolectomy
344. In the management of echinococcal liver cysts
a. A large cyst should be treated by
percutaneous aspiration of its contents
b. Medical treatment with albendazole usually preempts the need for
surgical drainage
c. Negative serologic tests suggest that
the cyst is chronic and inactive and
that no treatment is indicated
d. Leakage of cyst fluid puts the
patient at risk for anaphylactic reaction
e. Coexistent extrahepatic cysts are
uncommon
345. Which of the following statements regarding appendicitis during pregnancy is correct?
a. Appendicitis is the most prevalent
extrauterine indication for celiotomy during pregnancy
b. Appendicitis occurs more commonly in pregnant women than in
nonpregnant women of comparable age
c. Suspected appendicitis in a pregnant
woman should be managed with a
period of observation of due to the
risks of laparotomy to the fetus
d. Noncomplicated appendicitis results in a 20% fetal mortality and
premature labor rate
e. The severity of appendicitis correlates with increased gestational age
of the fetus
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
197
346. Which of the following is most likely to require surgical correction?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Large sliding esophageal hiatal hernia
Paraesophageal hiatal hernia
Traction diverticulum of esophagus
Schatzki’s ring of distal esophagus
Esophageal web
347. A 65-year-old man who is hospitalized with pancreatic carcinoma
develops abdominal distention and obstipation. The following abdominal
radiograph is obtained. Appropriate management would best be achieved by
a. Urgent colostomy or cecostomy
b. Discontinuation of anticholinergic medications and narcotics and correction of
metabolic disorders
c. Digital disimpaction of a fecal mass in the rectum
d. Diagnostic and therapeutic colonoscopy
e. Detorsion of the volvulus and colopexy or resection
198
Surgery
348. True statements regarding
Zenker’s diverticulum include
a. Aspiration pneumonitis is unlikely
b. It is a congenital abnormality
c. The most common symptom is a
sensation of high obstruction on
swallowing
d. It is a traction-type diverticulum
e. Treatment is restriction of certain
foods
349. True statements regarding
hemobilia include which of the following?
a. The classic presentation includes
biliary colic, jaundice, and gastrointestinal bleeding
b. Spontaneous bleeding secondary to
hematologic disorders is the major
cause of this disorder
c. Percutaneous transhepatic catheter
placement of an absorbable gelatin
sponge (Gelfoam) is the preferred
treatment in cases of significant
intrahepatic bleeding
d. Angiography and endoscopy have
no role in the treatment of intrahepatic bleeding
e. Arterial embolization is advocated
for hemobilia from the extrahepatic
bile ducts
Items 350–351
350. A 30-year-old female patient
who presents with bleeding per rectum is found at colonoscopy to have
colitis confined to the transverse
and descending colon. A biopsy is
performed. Which of the following
statements is true about this patient?
a. The inflammatory process is likely
to be confined to the mucosa and
submucosa
b. The inflammatory reaction is likely
to be continuous
c. Superficial as opposed to linear
ulcerations can be expected
d. Noncaseating granulomata can be
expected in up to 50% of patients
with similar disease
e. Microabcesses within crypts are
common
351. Regarding potential complications in this patient, which of the
following statements is true?
a. The occurrence of toxic megacolon
is common
b. Perforation occurs in about 25% of
patients with similar disease
c. Fistulas between the colon and segments of intestine, bladder, vagina,
urethra, and skin may develop
d. Extraintestinal manifestations including uveitis and erythema
nodosum would be exceedingly
rare in this patient
e. This patient would be at no
increased risk for the development
of cancer of the colon as compared
with an age-matched population
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
199
352. An upper GI series is performed on a 71-year-old woman who presented with several months of chest pain that occurred when she was eating. The film below is obtained. Investigation reveals a microcytic anemia
and erosive gastritis on upper endoscopy. Which of the following statements about the patient’s condition is true?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
It is congenital
The gastroesophageal junction is above the diaphragm
Ulceration, gastritis, and anemia are common
It usually is controlled by medical therapy
Surgical treatment, if indicated, should be delayed up to 3 mo to allow inflammation around the gastroesophageal junction to subside
200
Surgery
353. Which statement regarding
adenocarcinoma of the pancreas is
true?
a. It occurs most frequently in the
body of the gland
b. It carries a 1–2% 5-year survival
rate
c. It is nonresectable if it presents as
painless jaundice
d. It can usually be resected if it presents in the body or tail of the pancreas and does not involve the
common bile duct
e. It is associated with diabetes insipidus
354. Correct statements concerning intussusception in infants
include which of the following?
a. Recurrence rates following treatment are high
b. It is frequently preceded by a gastrointestinal viral illness
c. A 1- to 2-wk period of parenteral
alimentation should precede surgical reduction when surgery is
required
d. Hydrostatic reduction without
surgery rarely provides successful
treatment
e. The most common type occurs at
the junction of the descending
colon and sigmoid colon
355. A 32-year-old woman presents to the hospital with a 24-h
history of abdominal pain of the
right lower quadrant. She undergoes an uncomplicated appendectomy for acute appendicitis and is
discharged home on the fourth
postoperative day. The pathologist
notes the presence of a carcinoid
tumor (1.2 cm) in the tip of the
appendix. Which of the following
statements is true?
a. The patient should be advised to
undergo ileocolectomy
b. The most common location of carcinoids is in the appendix
c. The carcinoid syndrome occurs in
more than half the patients with
carcinoid tumors
d. The tumor is an apudoma
e. Carcinoid syndrome is seen only
when the tumor is drained by the
portal venous system
356. Which of the following statements regarding direct inguinal
hernias is true?
a. They are the most common
inguinal hernias in women
b. They protrude medially to the inferior epigastric vessels
c. They should be opened and ligated
at the internal ring
d. They commonly protrude into the
scrotal sac in men
e. They incarcerate more commonly
than indirect hernias
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
201
357. A 35-year-old woman presents with pancreatitis. Subsequent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) reveals the congenital
cystic anomaly of her biliary system illustrated in the film below. Which of
the following statements regarding this problem is true?
a. Treatment consists of internal drainage via choledochoduodenostomy
b. Malignant changes may occur within this structure
c. Most patients present with the classic triad of epigastric pain, an abdominal
mass, and jaundice
d. Cystic dilation of the intrahepatic biliary tree may coexist and is managed in a
similar fashion
e. Surgery should be reserved for symptomatic patients
202
Surgery
358. Which of the following statements regarding stress ulceration is
true?
a. It is true ulceration, extending into
and through the muscularis mucosa
b. It classically involves the antrum
c. Increased secretion of gastric acid
has been shown to play a causative
role
d. It frequently involves multiple sites
e. It is seen following shock or sepsis,
but for some unknown reason does
not occur following major surgery,
trauma, or burns
359. Which statement concerning
cholangitis is correct?
a. The most common infecting organism is Staphylococcus aureus
b. The diagnosis is suggested by the
Charcot triad
c. The disease occurs primarily in
young, immunocompromised patients
d. Cholecystostomy is the procedure
of choice in affected patients
e. Surgery is indicated once the diagnosis of cholangitis is made
360. An 88-year-old man with a
history of end-stage renal failure,
severe coronary artery disease, and
brain metastases from lung cancer
presents with acute cholecystitis.
His family wants “everything
done.” The best management option in this patient would be
a.
b.
c.
d.
Tube cholecystostomy
Open cholecystectomy
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Intravenous antibiotics followed by
elective cholecystectomy
e. Lithotripsy followed by long-term
bile acid therapy
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
203
361. After a weekend drinking binge, a 45-year-old alcoholic man presents to the hospital with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. On physical examination the patient is afebrile and is noted to have a palpable
tender mass in the epigastrium. Laboratory tests reveal an amylase of 250
U/dL (normal < 180). A CT scan done on the second hospital day is pictured below. Which of the following statements concerning this patient’s
condition is true?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The mass may cause gastric outlet or extrahepatic biliary obstruction
Spontaneous resolution almost never occurs
The mass is seen only with acute pancreatitis
The mass has an epithelial lining
Malignant degeneration occurs in about 25% of cases if left untreated
362. Dieulafoy’s lesion of the stomach is characterized by
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
A large mucosal defect with underlying, friable vascular plexus
Frequent rebleeding after endoscopic treatment
Massive bleeding that requires subtotal gastrectomy
Location in the proximal stomach
Acid-peptic changes of the gastric mucosa
204
Surgery
363. During an appendectomy for
acute appendicitis, a 4-cm mass is
found in the midportion of the
appendix. Frozen section reveals
this lesion to be a carcinoid tumor.
Which of the following statements
is true?
a. No further surgery is indicated
b. A right hemicolectomy should be
performed
c. There is about a 50% chance that
this patient will develop the carcinoid syndrome
d. Carcinoid tumors arise from islet
cells
e. Carcinoid syndrome can occur only
in the presence of liver metastases
364. Correct statements regarding
rectal carcinoid tumors include
a. Endoscopic resection is sufficient
for tumors smaller than 2 cm
b. Patients frequently present with the
carcinoid syndrome
c. They are rapidly growing tumors
d. Local recurrence is rare with complete resection of the primary
lesion
e. They can develop the carcinoid
syndrome even in the absence of
liver metastases
365. Indications for surgical removal of polypoid lesions of the
gallbladder include
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Size greater than 0.5 cm
Presence of clinical symptoms
Patient age of over 25 years
Presence of multiple small lesions
Absence of shadowing on ultrasound
366. A patient who has a total
pancreatectomy might be expected
to develop which of the following
complications?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Diabetes mellitus
Hypercalcemia
Hyperphosphatemia
Constipation
Weight gain
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
367. A 28-year-old previously
healthy woman arrives in the emergency room complaining of 24 h of
anorexia and nausea and lower
abdominal pain that is more
intense in the right lower quadrant
than elsewhere. On examination
she has peritoneal signs of the right
lower quadrant and a rectal temperature of 38.38°C (101.8°F). At
exploration through incision of the
right lower quadrant, she is found
to have a small, contained perforation of a cecal diverticulum. Which
of the following statements regarding this situation is true?
a. Cecal diverticula are acquired disorders
b. Cecal diverticula are usually multiple
c. Cecal diverticula are mucosal herniations through the muscularis
propria
d. Diverticulectomy, closure of the
cecal defect, and appendectomy
may be indicated
e. An ileocolectomy is indicated even
with well-localized inflammation
205
368. True statements regarding
cavernous hemangiomata of the
liver in adults include
a. The majority become symptomatic
b. They may undergo malignant
transformation
c. They enlarge under hormonal stimulation
d. They should be resected to avoid
spontaneous rupture and lifethreatening hemorrhage
e. A liver/spleen radionucleotide scan
is the most sensitive and specific
way to make the diagnosis
369. Correct statements regarding
carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
and colorectal tumors include
which of the following?
a. Elevated CEA is indicative of a
tumor of gastrointestinal origin
b. A low CEA level after resection of a
colon tumor is a poor marker of
disease control
c. Ninety percent of colorectal tumors
produce CEA
d. There is a high likelihood of liver
involvement if the CEA level is high
(greater than 100 ng/mL)
e. CEA levels are unusually low in
cigarette smokers
206
Surgery
DIRECTIONS: Each group of questions below consists of lettered
options followed by numbered items. For each numbered item, select the
appropriate lettered option(s). Each lettered option may be used once,
more than once, or not at all. Choose exactly the number of options
indicated following each item.
Items 370–373
Select the appropriate surgical
procedure for each patient.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Vagotomy and antrectomy
Antrectomy alone
Vagotomy and pyloroplasty
Vagotomy and gastrojejunostomy
Proximal gastric vagotomy
370. A 72-year-old patient with an
intractable type I ulcer along the
incisura with a significant amount
of scarring along the entire length
of the lesser curvature (SELECT 1
PROCEDURE)
371. A 46-year-old patient with
gastric outlet obstruction secondary to ulcer disease and severe
inflammation around the pylorus
and first and second portions of the
duodenum (SELECT 1 PROCEDURE)
372. A 90-year-old patient with a
bleeding duodenal ulcer (SELECT
1 PROCEDURE)
373. A 36-year-old patient with a
type III (pyloric) ulcer that is
refractory to medical treatment
(SELECT 1 PROCEDURE)
Items 374–376
Match each description with
the correct abnormality.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Rupture of the diaphragm
Paraesophageal hiatal hernia
Sliding hiatal hernia
Foramen of Bochdalek hernia
Foramen of Morgagni hernia
374. The most common congenital diaphragmatic hernia in infants
(SELECT 1 ABNORMALITY)
375. The hernia most likely to
cause acute respiratory distress in
infants (SELECT 1 ABNORMALITY)
376. A congenital hernia that is
most frequently discovered as an
incidental finding in adults (SELECT 1 ABNORMALITY)
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
207
Items 377–378
Items 379–380
For each patient listed below,
select the likely diagnosis.
For each patient, select the
best course of action.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
a. Administration of intravenous vasopressin
b. Administration of intraarterial vasopressin
c. Left thoracotomy, full-thickness
suture ligation, and drainage of the
pleural cavity
d. Balloon tamponade
e. Endoscopic control of bleeding
f. Gastrotomy and suture ligation
g. Insertion of a chest tube
h. Pulmonary arteriogram and streptokinase infusion
i. Cardiac catheterization and intraarterial infusion of tissue plasminogen activator
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
Perforated diverticulum
Perforated gastric ulcer
Ruptured spleen
Ruptured echinococcal liver cyst
Sigmoid volvulus
Cecal volvulus
Perforated transverse colon carcinoma
i. Strangulated hernia with necrotic
bowel
377. A 65-year-old previously
healthy man presents with severe
abdominal pain that came on suddenly. He has abdominal tenderness and guarding in all four
quadrants on physical examination. A radiograph is obtained and
demonstrates a radiolucency under the right hemidiaphragm.
(SELECT 4 DIAGNOSES)
378. An 82-year-old nursing
home patient presents to the emergency room with vomiting, abdominal pain, and distention. A
radiograph is obtained and demonstrates a grossly dilated loop of
intestine overlying the sacrum in
the shape of an upside down U.
(SELECT 1 DIAGNOSIS)
379. A 72-year-old man with
severe coronary artery disease presents with painless hematemesis
following a prolonged bout of vomiting. Upper endoscopy reveals a
tear just below the gastroesophageal
junction, which is actively bleeding.
(SELECT 3 ACTIONS)
380. A 56-year-old man complains of the onset of severe substernal pain after a night of heavy
drinking followed by uncontrolled
retching. He states that there was a
small amount of blood in his vomit.
A chest x-ray shows a moderatesized left pleural effusion. (SELECT 1 ACTION)
GASTROINTESTINAL
TRACT, LIVER, AND
PANCREAS
Answers
291. The answer is d. (McQuaid, Surg Clin North Am 72:285–316, 1992.)
Omeprazole (Prilosec) irreversibly inhibits the hydrogen-potassium-ATPase
(proton pump) in the secretory canaliculus of the gastric parietal cell. This
blocks the last step in the acid-secretory process. Omeprazole’s duration of
action exceeds 24 h and doses of 20–30 mg per day inhibit more than 90%
of 24-h acid secretion. Omeprazole provides excellent suppression of mealstimulated and nocturnal acid secretion. It seems very safe for short-term
therapy. However, its safety for long-term use is uncertain since it produces
significant hypergastrinemia, hyperplasia of enterochromaffin-like cells, and
carcinoid tumors in laboratory animals with prolonged administration.
292. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1507–1508.) Patients with ITP
who have mild symptoms need no therapy, but they are usually advised to
avoid contact sports and elective surgery. When symptoms (e.g., easy
bruising, menorrhagia, bleeding gums) are troublesome, the bleeding time
will be prolonged, capillary fragility greatly increased, and clot retraction
poor. Corticosteroid therapy will increase the platelet count in over 75% of
cases and provides the best indication that splenectomy will be of lasting
benefit. The platelet count can be expected to rise shortly after splenectomy and prolonged remissions are anticipated in 80% of cases. The size of
the spleen and the state of function in the bone marrow have no predictive
value in assessing the likelihood of response to splenectomy. In children,
complete spontaneous remissions are common (80% of cases) and surgical
intervention should be avoided.
293. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1249, 1387.) This is an inflamed
Meckel’s diverticulum. This common lesion is often clinically indistinguishable from acute appendicitis. It is the remnant of the vitelline duct.
208
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
Answers
209
Meckel’s diverticula are usually located 50–75 cm proximal to the ileocecal
valve, are antimesenteric, and may contain either gastric and pancreatic or
pancreatic tissue. Hemorrhage or obstruction is a more common presentation than inflammation. 99mTc pertechnetate has affinity for gastric mucosa
and a scan with this isotope can aid in the diagnosis of this anomaly as a
cause of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage in a child. Angiography is more
useful when looking for arteriovenous malformations. Since complications
are relatively rare, most authors do not recommend removing asymptomatic diverticula when they are incidentally discovered during abdominal
procedures. Those diverticula with a narrow neck, palpable heterotopic tissue, or nodularity are prone to obstruction and should be excised. In addition, patients explored for abdominal pain of unknown etiology should
also undergo diverticulectomy, as should those operated on for appendicitis who are to be left with a scar of the right lower quadrant.
294. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1126–1137.) Patients with achalasia typically present with distal esophageal obstruction, which leads to
regurgitation of saliva and undigested food. The characteristic appearance
of the esophagram is the tapered “bird’s beak” deformity at the level of the
esophagogastric junction. Chest pain may be seen in the early stages of the
disease. Manometry yields high resting pressures of the lower esophageal
sphincter, which fails to relax or only partially relaxes. The absence of peristaltic deglutitory contractions in the body of the esophagus is also noted
during manometry. Although both surgical intervention and forceful dilation have been used to treat this disease, surgery results in improvement in
over 90% of patients, compared with only 70% of patients treated by forceful dilation. Surgical treatment is an esophagomyotomy. Patients with achalasia have seven times the risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma as
compared with the general population. This dreaded complication can
occur even after successful treatment for the disease.
295. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1736–1737, 1768.) Imperforate
anus affects males and females with equal frequency, occurring in 1 of each
20,000 live births. It is due to failure of descent of the urorectal septum.
Imperforate anus may be broadly classified into “high” or “low,” depending
on whether the rectum ends above or below the level of the levator ani
complex. In 90% of females, but only 50% of males, the lesion is of the low
variety. The rectal fistula may end in the prostatic urethra or vagina in the
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Surgery
high cases, while the low cases terminate in a perineal fistula. For the low
cases, only a perineal operation may be required and these children will be
expected to be continent. A pull-through procedure will be required for the
high imperforate anus and the likelihood of continence is smaller. If there
is doubt about the level or location of the termination of the rectum, it is
better to perform a temporary colostomy than to compromise the ultimate
chances of continence by an injudicious perineal approach.
296–297. The answers are 296-c, 297-e. (Greenfield, 2/e, p 916.) This
woman has a cystadenocarcinoma arising from the pancreatic body and tail,
which was successfully resected. About 90% of primary malignant neoplasms of the exocrine pancreas are adenocarcinomas of duct cell origin.
The remaining neoplasms include adenosquamous carcinoma, mucinous
carcinomas, microadenocarcinoma, giant cell carcinoma, and cystadenocarcinoma of uncertain histogenesis. The clinical presentation is usually quite
subtle, with symptoms related primarily to the enlarging mass. There are no
diagnostic laboratory findings and definitive preoperative diagnosis is rare.
An elderly patient with no history of pancreatitis is unlikely to have a
pseudocyst and a benign neoplasm is also less likely in this age group. These
less common carcinomas are often several times the size of typical ductal
cancers and often arise in the body or tail of the pancreas. They may become
very large without invading adjacent viscera and do not generally cause significant pain or weight loss. Therefore, even large tumors may be cured by
resection, and aggressive surgical management is indicated.
298. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1109–1127.) Varying types of
colonic polyps can be distinguished on pathologic examination. Adenomatous polyps are distributed throughout the entire large bowel, more commonly in the right and left colon than the rectum. They are often
pedunculated and show an increased number of glands compared with
normal mucosa. Although polyps that appear in familial polyposis are
indistinguishable from single adenomatous polyps, they are manifested
much earlier in life. Carcinomatous changes in patients who have familial
polyposis occur approximately 20 years before carcinomatous changes of
the bowel occur among patients in the general population.
299. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 472–473.) According to the
United Ostomy Association Data Registry, the most frequent serious com-
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
Answers
211
plication of end colostomies is parastomal herniation, which commonly
occurs when the stoma is placed lateral to, rather than through, the rectus
muscle. Symptomatic herniation requires operative relocation of the stoma
or mesh herniorrhaphy. Minor problems are frequently encountered with
colostomies. They include irregularity of function, irritation of the skin due
to leakage of enteric contents, or bleeding from the exposed mucosa following trauma. Prolapse occurs most frequently with transverse loop
colostomies and is likely due to the use of the transverse loop to decompress distal colon obstructions. As the intestine decompresses, it retracts
from the edge of the surrounding fascia, which allows prolapse or herniation of the mobile transverse colon. Optimal treatment of stomal prolapse
is restoration of intestinal continuity or conversion to an end colostomy.
Perforation of a stoma is usually due to careless instrumentation with an
irrigation catheter. Perforations that cause minimal peritoneal contamination may be treated with observation and antibiotics, while more extensive
leaks require operative closure.
300. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 901–915.) The prognosis for a
patient with carcinoma of the pancreas is dismal. The plurality of cases
(46%) present as pain without jaundice; 34% present as pain with jaundice; and only 13% present with jaundice alone. Tumors over 1–2 cm may
be seen by ultrasonography, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance
imaging, but none of these methods can visualize smaller tumors. Endoscopic retrograde pancreaticocholangiography is helpful in distinguishing
the more favorable tumors of the duodenum, ampulla, and common bile
duct and lymphomas from cancer of the head of the pancreas. A combination of techniques including CT, angiography, and laparoscopy will accurately determine resectability in 97% of cases. Overall, the rate of
resectability for possible cure is dismal: 5–10% of all patients and 10–25%
of patients who present with jaundice alone, the latter due to earlier diagnosis of small tumors obstructing the common bile duct in the head of the
pancreas. Ninety-nine percent of patients have metastatic disease at the
time of diagnosis, and only 5–20% will be alive at 5 years following a pancreaticoduodenectomy.
301. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 759–773.) Perforation of a duodenal ulcer is an indication for emergency celiotomy and closure of the perforation. In patients with no prior history of peptic ulcer disease, simple
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Surgery
closure with an omental patch is recommended. Seventy-two percent of
patients who are asymptomatic preoperatively will remain so postoperatively. Patients with long-standing ulcer disease require a definitive acidreducing procedure, except in high-risk situations. The choice of
procedure is made by weighing the risk of recurrence against the incidence
of undesirable side effects of the procedure, and considerable controversy
persists about this issue. Antrectomy and truncal vagotomy offers a recurrence rate of 1%, but carries a 15–25% incidence of sequelae such as diarrhea, dumping syndrome, bloating, and gastric stasis. Highly selective
vagotomy, if technically feasible, offers a 1–5% incidence of side effects but
carries a recurrence rate of 10–13% in some series, although results are better when gastric and prepyloric ulcers are excluded. In general, definitive
acid-reducing procedures should be postponed if the perforation is more
than 12 h old or if there is extensive peritoneal soilage. Pyloroplasty and
truncal vagotomy carries intermediate rates of recurrence and side effects,
but has the advantage of speed in the setting of very ill patients with acute
perforation.
302. The answer is b. (Sawyers, Am J Surg 159:8–14, 1990.) Though
reminiscent of the carcinoid syndrome, this patient’s complaints in the context of recent gastric surgery are highly suggestive of the “dumping syndrome,” seen after gastroenteric bypass such as antrectomy and
gastrojejunostomy. Dumping syndrome presents as vasomotor symptoms
(weakness, sweating, syncope) and intestinal symptoms (bloating, cramping, diarrhea). The etiology of dumping has best been attributed to the
rapid influx of fluid with a high osmotic gradient into the small intestine
from the gastric remnant. Medical management consists of reassurance and
frequent small meals that are low in carbohydrates (to limit the osmotic
load). Antispasmodic medications are sometimes used if dietary adjustments are unsuccessful. The majority of cases will resolve within 3 mo of
operation on this regimen. Surgery for intractable dumping consists of creation of an antiperistaltic limb of jejunum distal to the gastrojejunostomy.
303. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 779–787.) Benign gastric ulcers
have a peak incidence in the fifth decade, with male predominance. About
95% of gastric ulcers are located near the lesser curvature. It should be recognized that up to 16% of patients with gastric carcinoma pass a 12-wk
healing trial and that benign ulcers may enlarge during medical therapy.
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
Answers
213
Therefore, the possibility of malignancy must be assessed by biopsy despite
a 5–10% false negative rate. Six weeks of medical therapy will heal many
gastric ulcers, but a recurrence rate as high as 63% and the serious consequence of complications in this older group of patients warrant surgery for
recurrent or nonhealing ulcers. A distal gastrectomy with gastroduodenostomy is usually feasible in the absence of duodenal disease. Vagotomy,
while advocated by some, is generally not included. Local excision with
definitive distal resection or vagotomy and pyloroplasty is appropriate for
a proximal ulcer that would otherwise require a subtotal gastrectomy.
304–305. The answers are 304-d, 305-b. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp
986–1005.) The diagnosis of bleeding esophageal varices is aided in the
adult by stigmata of portal hypertension. Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in cirrhotics is due to esophageal varices in less than half of patients.
Gastritis and peptic ulcer disease account for the majority of cases.
Esophagoscopy is the single most reliable means of establishing the source
of bleeding, though variations in transvariceal blood flow may result in
nonvisualization of the varices. In addition, endoscopic sclerotherapy is
reported to control acute variceal hemorrhage in 80–90% of cases and carries an acute mortality lower than that of other procedures. Barium swallow has a high false negative rate and offers no therapeutic advantage.
Celiac angiography will rule out arterial hemorrhage and will demonstrate
venous collateral circulation, but will not demonstrate variceal bleeding.
Parenteral vasopressin controls variceal hemorrhage by constriction of the
splanchnic arteriolar bed and a resultant drop in portal pressure. Intraarterial vasopressin offers no advantage over intravenous administration and
requires a mesenteric catheter. The reported control rate is 50–70%.
Esophageal balloon tamponade controls variceal hemorrhage in two-thirds
of patients, but may also control bleeding ulcers and thereby obscure the
diagnosis. Although balloon tamponade has reduced the mortality and
morbidity from variceal hemorrhage in good-risk patients, an increased
awareness of associated complications (aspiration, asphyxiation, and ulceration at the tamponade site), as well as a rebleeding rate of 40%, has
reduced its use. It is indicated as a temporary measure when vasopressin
and sclerotherapy fail. Emergency portacaval shunt is advised in good-risk
cirrhotic patients whose bleeding is not controlled with vasopressin or sclerosis. The mortality for patients with bleeding varices not subjected to
shunting is between 66 and 73%, whereas operative mortality of emer-
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Surgery
gency shunts ranges from 20 to 50%. Esophageal transection with the
autostapler carries the same mortality as shunt procedures and the rebleeding rate is estimated to be 50% at 1 year.
306. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1019–1021.) Because approximately 5% of colorectal cancers are associated with resectable hepatic
metastases, appropriate preoperative discussion should include obtaining
permission for removal of synchronous peripheral hepatic lesions if they
are found. If gross tumor is removed, a 25% “cure” rate can be anticipated.
Adequate local resection, either by wedge or by limited partial hepatectomy, may be carried out whenever no extrahepatic disease is found and
the hepatic lesion is technically removable. Any option that leaves the
potentially obstructing primary cancer unremoved would be unacceptable.
Radiation therapy has little to offer in colon cancer or its hepatic metastases. Local infusion of floxuridine (FUDR) via an implantable Infusaid
pump for 14 days at 0.3 mg/kg/day has been reported to provide some
acceptable palliation in selected patients with unresectable hepatic lesions.
307. The answer is b. (Schwesinger, Am J Surg 172:411–417, 1996.) Helicobacter pylori infections have become extremely common. Nearly a third
of all American adults are now infected. Morphologically, the organism is a
gram-negative, corkscrew-shaped, motile bacillus with three–seven flagella. Noninvasive approaches with simple, relatively inexpensive serologic
and urea breath tests can establish the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Culturing endoscopic scrapings or biopsy specimens has proved to be impractical because of the need for special media and elaborate growth
conditions. A rapid urease test is used when endoscopy provides a specimen for analysis. Therapy is problematic because the organism is not easily eradicated. Monotherapy is largely ineffective. However, dual- and
triple-drug therapy can achieve eradication in 80–90% of patients. Unfortunately, compliance rates with multidrug therapy are low.
308. The answer is c. (Zinner, 10/e, pp 479–572.) An indirect inguinal
hernia leaves the abdominal cavity by entering the dilated internal inguinal
ring and passing along the anteromedial aspect of the spermatic cord. The
internal inguinal ring is an opening in the transversalis fascia for the passage of the spermatic cord; an indirect inguinal hernia, therefore, lies
within the fibers of the cremaster muscle. Repair consists of removing the
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
Answers
215
hernia sac and tightening the internal inguinal ring. A femoral hernia
passes directly beneath the inguinal ligament at a point medial to the
femoral vessels, and a direct inguinal hernia passes through a weakness in
the floor of the inguinal canal medial to the inferior epigastric artery. Each
is dependent on defects in Hesselbach’s triangle of transversalis fascia and
neither lies within the cremaster muscle fibers. Repair consists of reconstructing the floor of the inguinal canal. Spigelian hernias, which are rare,
protrude through an anatomic defect that can occur along the lateral border of the rectus muscle at its junction with the linea semilunaris. An interparietal hernia is one in which the hernia sac, instead of protruding in the
usual fashion, makes its way between the fascial layers of the abdominal
wall. These unusual hernias may be preperitoneal (between the peritoneum and transversalis fascia), interstitial (between muscle layers), or
superficial (between the external oblique aponeurosis and the skin).
309. The answer is b. (Zinner, 10/e, pp 581–591.) The finding of air in
the biliary tract of a nonseptic patient is diagnostic of a biliary enteric fistula. When the clinical findings also include small bowel obstruction in an
elderly patient without a history of prior abdominal surgery (a “virgin”
abdomen), the diagnosis of gallstone ileus can be made with a high degree
of certainty. In this condition, a large chronic gallstone mechanically erodes
through the wall of the gallbladder into adjacent stomach or duodenum. As
the stone moves down the small intestine, mild cramping symptoms are
common. When the gallstone arrives in the distal ileum, the caliber of the
bowel no longer allows passage and obstruction develops. Surgical removal
of the gallstone is necessary. The diseases suggested by each of the other
response items (bleeding ulcer, peritoneal infection, pyloric outlet obstruction, pelvic neoplasm) are common in elderly patients, but each of them
would probably present with symptoms other than those of small bowel
obstruction.
310. The answer is d. (Zinner, 10/e, pp 1286–1300.) Cancer of the colon
in patients with chronic ulcerative colitis is 10 times more frequent than in
the general population. Duration of disease is very important; the risk of
developing cancer is low in the first 10 years but thereafter rises about 4%
per year. The average age of cancer development in patients with chronic
ulcerative colitis is 37 years; idiopathic carcinoma of the colon, however,
develops at an average age of 65 years. Crohn’s colitis is currently felt to be
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Surgery
a precancerous condition as well. The chance of development of carcinoma
of the colon in patients with familial polyposis is essentially 100%. Treatment of the patient with familial polyposis generally consists of subtotal
colectomy with ileoproctostomy and regular proctoscopic examination of
the rectal stump. Villous adenomas have been demonstrated to contain
malignant portions in about one-third of affected persons and invasive
malignancy in another one-third of removed specimens. Anterior resection
is performed for large lesions or those containing invasive carcinomas
when the lesion is above the peritoneal reflection. Abdominoperineal
resection is indicated for low-lying rectal villous adenomas when they have
demonstrated invasive carcinomas. Transrectal excision with regular
follow-up examinations is sufficient for lesions without invasive carcinomas. Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is characterized by intestinal polyposis and
melanin spots of the oral mucosa. Unlike the adenomatous polyps seen in
familial polyposis, the lesions in this condition are hamartomas, which
have no malignant potential.
311. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 825–826.) Gallstone ileus is due
to erosion of a stone from the gallbladder into the gastrointestinal tract
(most commonly into the duodenum). The stone becomes lodged in the
small bowel (usually in the terminal ileum) and causes small-bowel
obstruction. Plain films of the abdomen that demonstrate small-bowel
obstruction and air in the biliary tract are diagnostic of the condition.
Treatment consists of ileotomy, removal of the stone, and cholecystectomy
if it is technically safe. If there is significant inflammation of the right upper
quadrant, ileotomy for stone extraction followed by an interval cholecystectomy is often a safer alternative. Operating on the biliary fistula doubles
the mortality rate compared with simple removal of the gallstone from the
intestine.
312. The answer is a. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 2057–2066.) Hirschsprung’s
disease, which is the congenital absence of ganglion cells in the rectum or
rectosigmoid colon, is definitively diagnosed by rectal biopsy. The typical
findings on barium enema, a distal narrow segment of bowel with
markedly distended colon proximally, may not be seen early in life. Symptoms may go unrecognized in the newborn period with consequent development of malnutrition or enterocolitis. Initial treatment is colostomy
decompression. Definitive repair is best delayed until nutritional status is
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
Answers
217
adequate and the chronically distended bowel has returned to normal size.
Unlike the situation with imperforate anus, which is associated with a high
incidence of genitourinary tract anomalies and a 50% incidence of longterm fecal incontinence, in Hirschsprung’s disease repair leads to satisfactory bowel function in most affected patients.
313. The answer is a. (Zinner, 10/e, pp 529–531.) Omphalocele and gastroschisis result in evisceration of bowel and require emergency surgical
treatment to effect immediate or staged reduction and abdominal wall closure. Patent urachal or omphalomesenteric ducts result from incomplete
closure of embryonic connections from the bladder and ileum, respectively,
to the abdominal wall. They are appropriately treated by excision of the
tracts and closure of the bladder or ileum. In most children, umbilical hernias close spontaneously by the age of 4 and need not be repaired unless
incarceration or marbled enlargement and distortion of the umbilicus occur.
314. The answer is d. (Zinner, 10/e, pp 1855–1865.) Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is now viewed as the treatment of choice for most patients with
symptomatic gallstones. This procedure has frequently been performed in
obese patients with the same efficiency, morbidity and mortality rates, and
length of hospitalization as in the average-weight population. The other
conditions listed represent currently accepted relative contraindications,
but as experience increases and techniques improve, the safe indications
for laparoscopic cholecystectomy are likely to expand.
315. The answer is d. (Zinner, 10/e, pp 2097–2115.) Congenital anorectal anomalies are frequently associated with other congenital anomalies
including heart disease, esophageal atresia, abnormalities of the lumbosacral spine, double urinary collecting systems, hydronephrosis, and
communication between the rectum and the urinary tract, vagina, or perineum. They occur in approximately 1 in 2000 live births. Depending on
the type of anomaly (whether the rectum ends above or below the level of
the levator ani complex), a variety of surgical procedures has been devised
to treat the problem. However, even when anatomic integrity is established, the prognosis for effective toilet training is poor. In 50% of cases
continence is never achieved. Cervical spine abnormalities, hydrocephalus,
duodenal atresia, and corneal opacities have no significant association with
congenital anorectal anomalies.
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Surgery
316. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, p 1236.) Hematomas of the rectus
sheath are more common in women and present most often in the fifth
decade. A history of trauma, sudden muscular exertion, or anticoagulation
can usually be elicited. The pain is of sudden onset and is sharp in nature.
The hematoma is most common in the right lower quadrant and irritation
of the peritoneum leads to fever, leukocytosis, anorexia, and nausea. Preoperatively the diagnosis can be established with an ultrasound or CT scan
showing a mass within the rectus sheath. Management is conservative
unless symptoms are severe and bleeding persists, in which case surgical
evacuation of the hematoma and ligation of bleeding vessels is required.
317. The answer is d. (Zinner, 10/e, pp 2083–2087.) This is an example
of an ileal atresia. Whether the atresia is jejunal or ileal does not affect treatment and there is no predilection for one site over the other. Resection and
primary anastomosis should be performed if possible, but the bowel
should be exteriorized if there is a question of viability or there is a large
size discrepancy between two segments. Plain films will reveal a small
bowel obstruction with no gas beyond the lesion. A carefully administered
meglumine diatrizoate (Gastrografin) enema can help in the differential
diagnosis. Midgut volvulus and meconium ileus can be apparent on an
enema, which is important as meconium ileus should be managed nonoperatively. The basis of jejunoileal atresia is probably a mesenteric vascular
accident during intrauterine growth.
318. The answer is b. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 680–694.) Surgical treatment
for sliding esophageal hernias should only be considered in symptomatic
patients with objectively documented esophagitis or stenosis. The overwhelming majority of sliding hiatal hernias are totally asymptomatic, even
many of those with demonstrable reflux. Even in the presence of reflux,
esophageal inflammation rarely develops because the esophagus is so efficient at clearing the refluxed acid. Symptomatic hernias should be treated
vigorously by the variety of medical measures that have been found helpful. Patients who do have symptoms of episodic reflux and who remain
untreated can expect their disease to progress to intolerable esophagitis or
fibrosis and stenosis. Neither the presence of the hernia nor its size is
important in deciding on surgical therapy. Once esophagitis has been documented to persist under adequate medical therapy, manometric or pH
studies may help determine the optimum surgical treatment.
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
Answers
219
319. The answer is b. (Zinner, 10/e, pp 1739–1751.) While elevation of
SGOT and SGPT are indicative of hepatocellular disease, elevated alkaline
phosphatase is indicative of biliary obstruction. Based on safety and cost,
ultrasonography is the initial diagnostic procedure. Once ductal dilation is
identified, a percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram or ERCP may be
performed to localize and characterize the obstruction. If a distal common
bile duct obstruction is noted, a CT scan is recommended to image the
head of the pancreas. In most instances, a liver-spleen scan adds little to the
diagnostic workup. This also applies to the upper gastrointestinal series.
Cancer of the head of the pancreas is associated with painless jaundice.
320. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1417–1420.) Massive hematemesis in children is almost always due to variceal bleeding. The varices
usually result from extrahepatic portal vein obstruction consequent to bacterial infection transmitted via a patent umbilical vein during infancy. In
spite of this common cause, a history of neonatal omphalitis is infrequently
obtainable. Bleeding can be massive but is usually self-limited, and
esophageal tamponade or vasopressin is usually not necessary. Elective
portal-systemic decompression is recommended for recurrent bleeding
episodes.
321. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1181, 1187–1188.) The proximal
stomach can distend or accommodate a large volume without any increase
in intragastric pressure. This phenomenon permits solid food to settle
along the greater curvature while liquids are propelled along the lesser curvature by slow tonic contractions of the upper stomach. In the normal
state, once a volume of 1000–1200 mL is reached, intragastric pressure
rises to high levels. While the stomach’s ability to accommodate large volumes is necessary for normal gastric motor activity, a potentially deleterious effect is seen in patients with gastric atony. These patients may
accumulate several liters of gastric juice in the stomach without sensing
fullness, and this often leads to massive emesis and aspiration.
322. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1265–1274.) Because the reserve
capacity of the colon for water absorption greatly exceeds the normal
requirements for maintaining stable bowel function, patients may undergo
resection of a large fraction of the colon and suffer little change in bowel
habits. Neither the right nor the left colon appears to be a site of preferential
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water and electrolyte absorption, nor does the ileocecal valve play a noticeable role in fluid homeostasis. However, in diseases characterized by increased fluid secretion of the small bowel, the colon is more likely to be
overwhelmed by the absorptive demand following partial colectomy than in
the intact state. The rectum does not appear to play a role in fluid absorption.
323. The answer is e. (Zinner, 10/e, pp 1455–1500.) Workup of a patient
with a diagnosed rectal cancer should include CT scan of the upper
abdomen in search of liver metastases and assessment of the depth of local
invasion by transanal ultrasound. Sonographic staging of the rectal wall
and pararectal lymph nodes has become crucial in planning the magnitude
of the resection and choice of preoperative treatment. The survival advantages of neoadjuvant radiation therapy now seem clear. Administering radiation preoperatively to large or deeply invasive tumors often reduces the
tumor mass and permits clean resection of previously bulky disease. In
addition, the cytoreductive effect of preoperative radiation therapy now
allows many patients to undergo sphincter-saving procedures and avoid
the morbidity of proctectomy and colostomy.
324. The answer is a. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 812–816.) Digestion and
absorption of dietary carbohydrate by the duodenum and small intestine
are so avid that complete absorption has already occurred by the time
ingested food has traversed 200 cm of jejunum. Simple fluids that
require minimal digestion, such as milk, are entirely absorbed, save for
their fat content, within the duodenum. Even in the short gut syndrome,
virtually all dietary carbohydrate is absorbed within the residual
jejunum. While pancreatic peptidases are important to protein digestion,
redundant digestive enzymes are so widely distributed within the duodenal and jejunal brush border that 95% of a protein meal can be absorbed
in the absence of the pancreas. Salt and water flux in the small intestine
is influenced by a variety of hormones; aldosterone markedly increases
sodium uptake, while prostaglandins stimulate fluid and electrolyte
secretion.
325. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 749–751.) Gastrin, an aqueous
extract of the antral G cell, stimulates acid and pepsin secretion. A variety
of local stimuli cause the release of gastrin. The most potent of these are
small proteins, 20-proof alcohol, and caffeine. Acidic antral contents
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inhibit gastrin secretion; alkalinization of the antrum is stimulatory.
Mechanical distention of the antrum also stimulates gastrin secretion.
326. The answer is a. (Greenfield, 2/e, p 816.) As it does with carbohydrate digestion, the gastrointestinal tract exhibits remarkable redundancy
and alternative pathways to facilitate fat uptake. In the normal state,
water-insoluble dietary lipid is rendered into soluble micelles through
mixing with pancreatic and intestinal lipase and with bile. However,
lipases of the stomach and small intestine permit absorption of approximately half of neutral dietary fat in the absence of bile and pancreatic
secretion. Small breakdown products of complex fats—such as glycerol,
short-chain fatty acids, and medium-chain triglycerides—can be transported directly from the jejunal mucosal cell into the portal venous system, whereas larger triglycerides, resynthesized by the mucosal cells from
fatty acids, are deposited in chylomicrons and released into the lymphatic
system. Enterohepatic recirculation of bile with active resorption in the
ileum and secretion into the portal venous system yields an effective bile
salt pool 6–8 times its actual volume. Normal daily losses of bile into the
stool represent 10–15% of the total bile salt pool; these losses can usually
be replaced by new synthesis in the liver. However, bile salt-wasting
states, such as inflammatory bowel disease or ileal resection, may exceed
the liver’s capacity to maintain an adequate volume of bile.
327. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1728–1729.) A bypass procedure
is the operation of choice for obstruction secondary to an annular pancreas.
A Whipple procedure is too radical a therapy for this benign disease, and a
partial resection of the annular pancreas often is complicated by fistula.
Duodenojejunostomy is much more physiologic than gastrojejunostomy
and does not require a vagotomy to prevent marginal ulceration; it is therefore the procedure of choice.
328. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1231–1232, 1387.) Patients
with regional enteritis usually have a chronic and slowly progressive
course with intermittent symptom-free periods. The usual symptoms are
anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, and weight loss. There are
extraintestinal syndromes that may be seen, such as ankylosing spondylitis; polyarthritis; erythema nodosum; pyoderma gangrenosum; gallstones;
hepatic fatty infiltration; and fibrosis of the biliary tract, pancreas, and
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Surgery
retroperitoneum. However, in about 10% of patients, especially those who
are young, the onset of the disease is abrupt and may be mistaken for
acute appendicitis. Appendectomy is indicated in such patients as long as
the cecum at the base of the appendix is not involved; otherwise the risk
of fecal fistula must be considered. Interestingly, about 90% of patients
who present with the acute appendicitis-like form of regional enteritis will
not progress to development of the full-blown chronic disease. Thus,
resection or bypass of the involved areas is not indicated at this time.
329. The answer is c. (Moosa, Arch Surg 125:1028–1031, 1990. Schwartz,
7/e, p 1446.) The scenario in the question is a typical course of a patient
with iatrogenic injury of the common bile duct. These injuries commonly
occur in the proximal portion of the extrahepatic biliary system. The transhepatic cholangiogram documents a biliary stricture, which in this clinical
setting is best dealt with surgically. Choledochoduodenostomy generally
cannot be performed because of the proximal location of the stricture. The
best results are achieved with end-to-side choledochojejunostomy (Rouxen-Y) performed over a stent. Percutaneous transhepatic dilation has been
attempted in select cases, but follow-up is too short to make an adequate
assessment of this technique. Primary repair of the common bile duct may
result in recurrent stricture.
330. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1341–1346.) Many authorities
now recommend abandonment of the phrase carcinoma in situ because it
gives a misleading impression to the patient and family regarding the true
implications of severe dysplasia. Almost all agree that no further treatment
is indicated when a polyp has been adequately removed and such changes
are found. Only when malignant cells penetrate the muscularis mucosae is
there any potential for metastases, and only when that depth of penetration
is seen should the term carcinoma be used. Even then resection is probably
not indicated if the gross and microscopic margins are clear, the tumor is
well differentiated, and the stalk is not invaded.
331. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1253–1255.) The effects of radiation on the intestine depend on a variety of factors, which include the age
of the patient, temperature, degree of oxygenation, and metabolic activity.
Acute intestinal radiation injury is manifested in the bowel by the cessation
of viable cell production and is seen clinically as diarrhea or gastrointesti-
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223
nal bleeding. Progressive vasculitis and fibrosis are seen in the latter stages
of radiation injury and may result in malabsorption, ulceration, fistulization, or perforation. Intussusception is generally not associated with radiation injury.
332. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 757–758, 807–808.) Drugs,
hormones, or emotional states (e.g., fear) that stimulate or simulate sympathetic activity inhibit intestinal motility. Those factors that arouse
parasympathetic activity (acetylcholine) stimulate motility. Gastrin has specific delaying effects on gastric emptying. Secretin and cholecystokinin are
potent regulators of intestinal and digestive activities but probably have no
effect on motility per se.
333. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 698–712.) Carcinoma of the
esophagus occurs primarily in the sixth and seventh decades of life in a
male:female ratio of 3:1. Although the cause is unknown, alcohol, tobacco,
and dietary factors have been implicated as causative agents. A high incidence is reported in patients with corrosive esophagitis. The malignant
tumors arising in the esophagus are usually squamous cell carcinomas except
those involving the esophagogastric junction, which are usually adenocarcinomas. Even though squamous cell carcinomas are weakly radiosensitive, surgical extirpation affords reasonable, if short-term, palliation. Some
authorities recommend radiotherapy for palliation alone or in combination
with surgery to treat this lesion. Adenocarcinomas are not particularly
radiosensitive and surgical treatment is generally employed. Following
resection for esophageal carcinoma among the highly select group of
patients whose tumors are still resectable when the diagnosis is made, survival is only about 14% at 5 years. The overall 5-year survival is under 5%.
334–335. The answers are 334-b, 335-b. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 919–925.)
Total gastrectomy was formerly the procedure of choice for patients with
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES). However, with the knowledge that most
patients will die of metastatic disease and that the symptoms can often be
controlled with H2 receptor antagonists, the role for surgery has changed. Initial surgical exploration is aimed at curative resection of the tumor. Unfortunately metastatic disease is often present or will develop at a later date despite
tumor resection. Therefore, highly selective vagotomy is also added to the
procedure to reduce the required dose of H2 receptor antagonists.
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The second patient has a gastrin level suggestive of but not diagnostic
of ZES. A secretin stimulation test will cause a significant rise in serum gastrin levels in patients with ZES.
336. The answer is a. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1243–1244.) Idiopathic
retroperitoneal fibrosis is a nonsuppurative inflammatory process of the
retroperitoneum that causes problems by extrinsic compression of
retroperitoneal structures. The ureters, aorta, and inferior vena cava are
most at risk; however, the aorta is quite resistant to compression and the
inferior vena cava has multiple collaterals, so that ureteral obstruction is
the most common presentation of this disease process. The common bile
duct and duodenum may be compressed and obstructed, but this occurs
much less frequently. Treatment of ureteral obstruction includes conservative therapy with steroids. Surgical intervention is often required and
ureterolysis with intraperitoneal transplantation is the current procedure of
choice. Biopsies must also be taken to exclude a malignant process as the
cause of the fibrosis.
337. The answer is b. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 919–923.) Tumors arising from
the pancreatic β cells give rise to hyperinsulinism. Seventy-five percent of
these tumors are benign adenomas and in 15% of affected patients the adenomas are multiple. Symptoms relate to a rapidly falling blood glucose
level and are due to epinephrine release triggered by hypoglycemia (sweating, weakness, tachycardia). Cerebral symptoms of headache, confusion,
visual disturbances, convulsions, and coma are due to glucose deprivation
of the brain. Whipple’s triad summarizes the clinical findings in patients
with insulinomas: (1) attacks precipitated by fasting or exertion; (2) fasting
blood glucose concentrations below 50 mg/dL; (3) symptoms relieved by
oral or intravenous glucose administration. These tumors are treated surgically and simple excision of an adenoma is curative in the majority of cases.
338. The answer is e. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1148–1150.) Epidermoid cancers
of the anal canal metastasize to inguinal nodes as well as to the perirectal and
mesenteric nodes. The results of local radical surgery have been disappointing. Combined external radiation (dose range 3500–5000 cG) with synchronous chemotherapy (fluorouracil and mitomycin) is now recommended as
the means for controlling the disease. Radical surgical approaches are now
generally reserved for treatment failures and recurrences.
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339. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1137–1141.) A markedly distended colon could have many causes in this 80-year-old man. The contrast study, however, reveals a classic “apple core” lesion in the distal colon,
which is diagnostic of colon cancer. No further diagnostic studies are
appropriate prior to relief of this large bowel obstruction. After medical
preparation (e.g., hydration, normalization of electrolytes), this patient
should undergo prompt surgical management of his mechanical obstruction; conservative management by resection and proximal colostomy
would generally be preferred in this elderly patient with an obstructed,
unprepared bowel.
340. The answer is e. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 831–843.) Surgical treatment of
Crohn’s disease is aimed at correcting complications that are causing symptoms. Intestinal obstruction is usually partial and secondary to a fixed stricture that is not responsive to anti-inflammatory agents. When the
obstruction causes symptoms that compromise nutritional status, surgery
is warranted. Fistula formation in itself is not an indication for surgery. Fistulas between the intestine and the bladder and the intestine and the
vagina, however, generally cause significant symptoms and warrant surgical intervention, while an ileum–ascending colon fistula is very common
yet rarely symptomatic. Perforation of bowel into the free abdominal cavity
is obviously a surgical emergency.
341. The answer is e. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 827, 1092–1093.) The film
shows a markedly distended colon. The differential diagnosis includes
tumor, foreign body, and colitis, but far more likely is either cecal or sigmoid volvulus. Sigmoid volvulus may be ruled out quickly by proctosigmoidoscopy, which is preferable to barium enema, since sigmoid volvulus
may be treated successfully by rectal tube decompression via the sigmoidoscope. If sigmoidoscopy is negative, the working diagnosis, based on
this classic film, must be cecal volvulus; barium enema would clinch the
diagnosis, but the colon might rupture in the intervening 1–2 h. Emergency celiotomy should be done.
342. The answer is c. (Graham, Gastroenterology 105:279–282, 1993.)
Helicobacter pylori is a spiral-shaped, gram-negative bacterium that is found
in the viscous gastric mucus layer and has an affinity for epithelial cells. It
was originally classified as a form of Campylobacter, but its genomic and
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Surgery
phenotypic characteristics were subsequently found to be unique and it
was given a new genus name. Urease and other peptides released by H.
pylori may be toxic and cause direct gastroduodenal injury. Evidence is
strong that H. pylori plays a role in the etiology of ulcer disease. There is an
almost 100% association between gastric H. pylori infection and duodenal
ulcer disease, and about 70% of patients with gastric ulcers are also
infected with H. pylori. Furthermore, colonization with H. pylori increases
the risk of developing a duodenal ulcer by up to 20-fold. Eradication of H.
pylori from the stomach markedly decreases the rate of ulcer recurrence.
This generally requires “triple therapy” with colloidal bismuth (PeptoBismol), an antibiotic (amoxicillin or ampicillin), and a nitroimidazole
such as metronidazole. Recent studies have also demonstrated a possible
association between H. pylori infection and gastric carcinoma.
343. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1275–1277.) The history, x-ray,
and clinical findings are typical of a postoperative cecal volvulus, a condition in which the cecum is twisted on its mesentery (often, after aneurysm
resection, a neomesentery) and becomes acutely obstructed. At 12 cm, the
cecum is in imminent danger of perforation. Particularly in the presence of
a prosthetic graft, cecal perforation is a catastrophe. Urgent decompression
is needed. To attempt colonoscopic decompression would necessitate
insufflation of additional air and increase the stress on the already compromised cecal wall. A transverse colostomy “decompression” would not
decompress the cecum nor would it provide detorsion of the cecal mesentery to allow restoration of adequate blood supply to the right colon. While
untwisting the cecum and fixing it to the lateral abdominal wall (to inhibit
recurrence) by a decompressing cecostomy might be advocated in some
settings, the risk of contaminating the aortic graft would be excessive.
Resection of the offending organ with ileotransverse colostomy would be
the procedure of choice.
344. The answer is d. (Case Records, N Engl J Med 317:1209–1218, 1987.)
Hydatid cysts secondary to echinococcal infection are most common in the
liver in adults. Up to 25% of patients with hepatic cysts also have cysts in
their lungs. In general, serologic tests are more likely to be positive the
longer the lesion has been present, but false negativity occurs with sufficient frequency that results should not influence the decision to treat
hepatic hydatid cysts. Spontaneous rupture of the cyst or leakage of cyst
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227
fluid during diagnostic or therapeutic aspiration may cause anaphylactic
reactions or peritoneal dissemination of the disease. Definitive treatment
requires surgical resection, enucleation, or evacuation of the cysts. Agents
such as 0.5% silver nitrate or hypertonic saline are introduced into the cyst
at the time of surgery, and efforts are made to avoid spillage and contamination of the peritoneal cavity. Treatment of patients with liver cysts with
mebendazole or albendazole has not been effective enough to replace the
need for surgery.
345. The answer is a. (Mahmoodian, South Med J 85:19–24, 1992.)
Appendicitis complicates approximately 1 in 1700 pregnancies at an incidence comparable with that in nonpregnant women matched for age. It is
the most prevalent extrauterine indication for laparotomy in pregnancy.
The duration of gestation does not influence the severity of the disease, but
the diagnosis does become more difficult as the pregnancy progresses. By
the twentieth week of gestation the appendix often lies at the level of the
umbilicus and more lateral than usual. Pregnancy should not delay surgery
if appendicitis is suspected; appendiceal perforation greatly increases the
chance of premature labor and fetal mortality (approximately 20% for
each). In contrast, negative laparotomy under general anesthesia and nonperforated appendicitis are associated with very low risk to both the fetus
and mother (less than 1% and 5%, respectively).
346. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1161–1169.) Normal respiration
creates negative pressure in the thoracic cavity. As a result of the pressure
gradient, blood enters the chest via the venae cava and air via the trachea;
both are life-sustaining results of this pressure gradient. The pathophysiologic consequence of a hole in the diaphragm is that eventually abdominal
viscera will be aspirated into the thorax. The sliding hernia, contained in
the lower mediastinum by intact pleura, may rarely cause symptoms of
reflux that would justify surgical attention, but such patients are in no danger of vascular compromise or of obstructive displacement of hollow viscera. The paraesophageal hernia, on the other hand, leaves the patient at
substantial risk for both strangulation and obstruction. Either result would
be a surgical catastrophe; with rare exceptions, paraesophageal hernias
should be surgically repaired whenever diagnosed. A traction diverticulum
is usually caused by inflammatory contraction around mediastinal nodes,
is rarely of any symptomatic consequence, and need not be repaired. Nei-
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Surgery
ther the Schatzki’s ring nor the esophageal web justifies esophageal surgery.
They can be ignored or dilated as symptoms demand.
347. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1092–1093.) As classically
described, Olgilvie syndrome was associated with the rare occurrence of
malignant infiltration of the colonic sympathetic nerve supply in the region
of the celiac plexus. The eponym is now applied to the condition in which
massive cecal and colonic dilation is seen in the absence of mechanical
obstruction. Other terms used to describe this condition are acute colonic
pseudo-obstruction, colonic ileus, and functional colonic obstruction. It tends to
occur in elderly patients in the setting of cardiopulmonary insufficiency, in
other systemic disorders that require prolonged bed rest, and in the postoperative state. The diagnosis of Olgilvie syndrome cannot be confirmed until
mechanical obstruction of the distal colon is excluded by colonoscopy or
contrast enema. Anticholinergic agents and narcotics need to be discontinued, but any delay in decompressing the dilated cecum is inappropriate
since colonic ischemia and perforation become a distinct hazard as the
cecum reaches this degree of dilation. Cautious endoscopic colonic decompression has been demonstrated recently to be a safe and effective form of
treatment. Endoscopy should be combined with rectal tube placement, correction of metabolic abnormalities, and the discontinuation of medications
that diminish gastrointestinal motility. The high complication rate in this
population notwithstanding, a direct surgical approach to decompression
becomes necessary when colonoscopic decompression fails; a perforated
cecum is a catastrophic event in such patients.
348. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 1125.) Zenker’s diverticulum is an
acquired abnormality. Premature contraction of the cricopharyngeus muscle
on swallowing, which leads to partial obstruction, is believed to be the cause
of this pulsion-type diverticulum of the pharyngoesophageal junction. High
intraluminal pressure results in an outpouching of mucosa through the
oblique fibers of the pharyngeal constrictors. Dysphagia is common and is
the usual presenting symptom. The diagnosis is established by barium swallow. Treatment is surgical: diverticulectomy or suspension of the diverticulum is usually recommended. Because the diverticulum is located above the
superior esophageal sphincter, no mechanism exists to prevent aspiration of
the contents of the diverticulum. Pulmonary complications are common.
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349. The answer is a. (Merrell, West J Med 155:621–625, 1991.) The classic Quincke triad of abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant, jaundice,
and gastrointestinal bleeding is present in 30–40% of patients with hemobilia. With more frequent use of percutaneous liver procedures (e.g., transhepatic cholangiogram, transhepatic catheter drainage), iatrogenic injury
has replaced other trauma as the most common cause of bloody bile. Other
causes include spontaneous bleeding during anticoagulation, gallstones,
parasitic infections/abscesses, and neoplastic lesions. Angiography and
endoscopy are useful diagnostic studies and intrahepatic bleeding can be
controlled by angiographic embolization in up to 95% of cases. Surgical
treatment is advocated for bleeding from extrahepatic bile ducts or the gallbladder or in cases of penetrating trauma in which associated injuries
might need attention.
350. The answer is d. (Podolosky, N Engl J Med 325:928–937, 1991.) The
patient depicted in this question has Crohn’s disease of the colon (Crohn’s
colitis). Crohn’s colitis is characterized by linear mucosal ulcerations, discontinuous (“skip”) lesions, a transmural inflammatory process, and noncaseating granulomata in up to 50% of patients. Because their clinical
features and management differ, Crohn’s colitis must be distinguished from
ulcerative colitis. Ulcerative colitis is usually found in the rectum, although
in rare cases the rectum is spared involvement. The entire colon, from
cecum to rectum, may be involved (“pancolitis”). Ulcerative colitis typically
presents as a grossly continuous inflammatory process (without skip
lesions) that microscopically is confined to the mucosa and submucosa of
the colon. In addition, crypt abscesses and superficial ulcerations are common in ulcerative colitis.
351. The answer is c. (Podolosky, N Engl J Med 325:928–937, 1991.)
Patients with Crohn’s disease can develop fistulas between the colon and
other segments of intestine, the bladder, urethra, vagina, skin, and prostate
in the male. Intestinal perforation can occur in about 5% of patients. Toxic
megacolon can occur in patients with Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, or
any severe inflammatory process of the large intestine. Extraintestinal manifestations are usually associated with active disease. Finally, patients with
Crohn’s colitis have a 5.6-fold increased risk of colon cancer relative to an
age-matched population.
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352. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1161–1169.) The condition
demonstrated is a paraesophageal hernia. It is encountered much less frequently (approximately 5%) than is the sliding hiatal hernia and it has
completely different therapeutic implications. Paraesophageal hernias are
acquired, rarely present before middle age, and are most common in
patients in their seventh decade. The position of the gastroesophageal junction distinguishes the two types of hernias, which occur near the
esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm. In the more common sliding hernia,
the gastroesophageal junction protrudes above the diaphragm; in the
paraesophageal hernia, the anatomic junction between the esophagus and
the stomach is anchored in its normal position below the diaphragm. The
gastric cardia or fundus and occasionally other viscera herniate into the
thorax within a true peritoneal sac alongside the gastroesophageal junction. Surgical repair is indicated as soon as the patient can be properly prepared for the procedure, as bleeding, ulceration, obstruction, necrosis of
the stomach wall, and perforation are common.
353. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1488–1492.) The vast majority
of pancreatic carcinomas are located in the head of the gland. Patients may
present with painless jaundice by virtue of the carcinoma’s obstruction of
the intrapancreatic portion of the common bile duct. It is in this group of
patients that resection is possible, although most tumors will be unresectable. Tumors in the body or tail of the gland are universally unresectable. The cause of pancreatic cancer is not known. There is a very
strong association with diabetes mellitus (but not diabetes insipidus), but
the nature of this relationship is not known. Prognosis is uniformly dismal
whether resection is done or not, and only an anecdotal survivor will be
alive at 5-year follow-up.
354. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1732–1734.) Intussusception is
the result of invagination of a segment of bowel into distal bowel lumen.
The most common type is ileocolic, which typically appears as a “coiled
spring” on barium enema. Ileoileal and colocolic intussusceptions occur
less commonly and are not easily diagnosed on barium enema. If bloody
mucus, peritonitis, or systemic toxicity have not developed, hydrostatic
reduction by barium enema is the appropriate initial treatment. Most
patients are successfully managed this way and do not require surgical
intervention. Immediate treatment should be instituted to avert the danger
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of bowel infarction. Recurrence is surprisingly uncommon after either surgical or nonsurgical treatment.
355. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1244–1246.) Carcinoid tumors
arise from the neuroectoderm and are a type of apudoma. The most common site of carcinoid tumors is the small bowel, although appendiceal carcinoids are also common. Carcinoid syndrome, which is characterized by
flushing, diarrhea, and cardiac valvular disease, occurs in a small percentage of patients with carcinoid tumors; it is rarely seen with appendiceal carcinoids. It occurs when serotonin is released into the systemic circulation
and thus avoids breakdown by the liver. The appropriate therapy for a
small carcinoid (less than 2 cm) of the appendix is simple appendectomy.
356. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1586–1604.) Direct inguinal
hernias occur medial to the inferior epigastric vessels and are best repaired
by reapproximating the transversalis fascia to Cooper’s ligament and thus
reconstructing the floor of the inguinal canal or by a tension-free Lichtenstein-type repair. The hernia sac is opened and ligated routinely during
indirect hernia repair but not during direct hernia repair. The most common inguinal hernia in women is an indirect hernia. Direct hernias rarely
present with a scrotal component and are less likely to present with incarceration than indirect hernias.
357. The answer is b. (Cosentino, Surgery 112:740–748, 1992.) Choledochal cysts are congenital cystic dilations of the extrahepatic biliary ducts.
Intrahepatic cystic dilation can coexist (Caroli’s disease), but it represents a
distinct problem and is managed differently. Patients may present with
symptoms at any age, but the classic triad of epigastric pain, abdominal
mass, and jaundice is not frequently seen. Rather, most patients present
with other conditions such as cholecystitis, cholangitis, or pancreatitis.
Ultrasonography or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
(ERCP) is helpful in demonstrating cysts. Nonsurgical treatment of these
cysts results in high morbidity and mortality, and therefore surgery is
advised in all cases. The present recommendation is for complete resection
of the cyst and Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy. Since malignant
changes in choledochal cysts have been frequently described, complete
resection rather than the performance of an internal drainage procedure is
preferred whenever the resection can be done safely.
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358. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1062–1065.) Stress ulceration
refers to acute gastric or duodenal erosive lesions that occur following
shock, sepsis, major surgery, trauma, or burns. These lesions tend to be
superficial and can involve multiple sites. McClelland and associates
showed that patients subjected to trauma and subsequent hemorrhagic
shock do not have increased gastric secretion, but rather show decreased
splanchnic blood flow. Ischemic damage to the mucosa may therefore play
a role. Unlike chronic benign gastric ulcers, which are generally found
along the lesser curvature and in the antrum, acute erosive lesions usually
involve the body and fundus and spare the antrum.
359. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1454–1455.) Cholangitis is suggested by the presence of the Charcot triad: fever, jaundice, and pain in the
right upper quadrant. These symptoms are usually caused by choledocholithiasis, but they can also occur in association with obstructing neoplasms and choledochal cysts. The disease occurs primarily in the elderly.
Therapy is aimed at decompression of the common bile duct. In patients
with suppurative cholangitis who fail to respond to intravenous antibiotics
initially and fluid resuscitation, the nonoperative approach is the preferred
intervention either via percutaneous or endoscopic drainage of the
obstructed common bile duct. If the nonoperative approach fails, surgery
is indicated. This is usually best accomplished by surgical placement of a T
tube into the duct. Percutaneous transhepatic catheter drainage is an
acceptable alternative in select patients. This procedure can often provide
effective decompression during the acute septic phase of the disease.
Cholecystostomy will be effective only if there is free flow of bile into the
gallbladder via the cystic duct and in general should not be depended on
to secure drainage of the common bile duct.
360. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1459–1460.) High-risk, critically
ill patients with multisystem disease and cholecystitis experience a significant increase in morbidity and mortality following operative intervention.
Tube cholecystostomy can be performed under local anesthesia in the
operating room or via a percutaneous approach in the radiology suite.
Open or laparoscopic procedures would carry the same general anesthetic
risk whether done urgently or in a delayed (elective) fashion. Lithotripsy
has no role in the treatment of acute cholecystitis.
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233
361. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1485–1487.) Pancreatic pseudocysts can develop in the setting of acute and chronic pancreatitis. They are
cystic collections that do not have an epithelial lining and therefore have no
malignant potential. Most pseudocysts spontaneously resolve. Therapy
should not be considered for 6 wk to allow for the possibility of spontaneous resolution as well as to allow for maturation of the cyst wall if the
cyst persists. Complications of pseudocysts include gastric outlet and
extrahepatic biliary obstructions as well as spontaneous rupture and hemorrhage. Pseudocysts can be excised, externally drained, or internally
drained into the gastrointestinal tract (most commonly the stomach or a
Roux-en-Y limb of jejunum).
362. The answer is d. (Reilly, Dig Dis Sci 36:1702–1707, 1991.) Dieulafoy’s lesion has been identified more frequently recently as a source of
gastrointestinal bleeding. It is characteristically located within 6 cm distal
to the gastroesophageal junction. Dieulafoy’s lesion typically consists of an
abnormally large submucosal artery that protrudes through a small, solitary mucosal defect. The lesions may bleed spontaneously and massively
for unclear reasons, in which case they require emergency intervention.
Upper endoscopy is usually successful in localizing the lesion, and permanent hemostasis can be obtained endoscopically in most cases with injection sclerotherapy, electrocoagulation, or heater probe. If surgery is
required, a gastrotomy and simple ligation or wedge resection of the lesion
may be adequate. No large series have yet established the optimal surgical
treatment for Dieulafoy’s lesion; however, acid-reducing procedures have
not been successful in preventing further bleeding.
363. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1244–1246.) Carcinoid tumors
arise from enterochromaffin cells in the crypts of Lieberkühn. When they
are encountered in the appendix and are less than 2 cm in size, simple
appendectomy is the procedure of choice. When the tumors are larger
than 2 cm, a right hemicolectomy should be performed. Carcinoid syndrome (hepatomegaly, diarrhea, cutaneous flushing, right heart valvular
disease, and asthma) usually occurs in the presence of liver metastases
but can also be seen when there are metastases to sites drained by systemic (as opposed to portal) veins or from primary carcinoids outside the
portal system. Carcinoid syndrome is rare in patients with carcinoid of
234
Surgery
the appendix because the tumors are usually discovered before metastases occur.
364. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 1374.) Rectal carcinoids are
slowly growing tumors, but they can be locally invasive and metastasize in
up to 15% of patients. Patients manifest systemic signs of the carcinoid
syndrome only in the rare circumstance where hepatic metastases have
occurred. The malignant potential is low in carcinoid tumors when they
are less than 2 cm in diameter, as is typically the case when diagnosed. The
tumors are curable by wide, local transanal resection that includes the
muscle layer. Endoscopic treatment leaves tumor cells near the margin of
resection and is felt to increase the risk of recurrence. Whether more
aggressive resection (abdominoperineal or low anterior resection)
improves the prognosis in larger tumors remains controversial. The prognosis is excellent for patients with local disease.
365. The answer is b. (Reilly, Dig Dis Sci 36:1702–1707, 1991.) Polypoid
lesions of the gallbladder are found most often in the third through fifth
decades of life and are increasingly being detected by ultrasonography.
These are generally small lesions that typically do not show a shadow on
ultrasound. Ninety percent are benign lesions, such as cholesterol polyps
(pseudotumors). True adenomas constitute about 10% of these benign
lesions, but they can undergo malignant transformation. The indications
for operative intervention remain controversial. Recent reviews suggest
that the vast majority of malignant polypoid lesions are solitary, larger than
1.0 cm, and much more common in patients greater than 50 years of age.
There is also an increased incidence of malignancy if the lesions are associated with gallstones. Symptomatic lesions should be removed regardless of
their size. Asymptomatic small lesions can probably be safely followed by
ultrasonography.
366. The answer is a. (Greenfield, 2/e, p 912.) The metabolic consequences of total pancreatectomy are manifold. They include weight loss,
malabsorption attended by hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia, diabetes
mellitus, diarrhea, and both iron deficiency and pernicious anemia. In theory, total pancreatectomy should provide good surgical treatment for pancreatic carcinoma; in reality, the severe metabolic problems that result from
total removal of the pancreas make partial pancreaticoduodenectomy a fre-
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
Answers
235
quently preferred treatment for most cases of pancreatic carcinoma that are
resectable. Because of the frequently multicentric nature of pancreatic cancers, however, some surgeons would rather perform a total pancreatectomy
and accept the more complicated postoperative metabolic management
entailed by the loss of pancreatic endocrine function.
367. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1156–1157.) Cecal diverticula
must be differentiated from the more common variety of diverticula that
are usually found in the left colon. Cecal diverticula are thought to be a
congenital entity. The cecal diverticulum is often solitary and involves all
layers of the bowel wall; therefore, cecal diverticula are true diverticula.
Diverticula elsewhere in the colon are almost always multiple and are
thought to be an acquired disorder. These acquired diverticula are really
herniations of mucosa through weakened areas of the muscularis propria of
the colon wall. The preoperative diagnosis in the case of cecal diverticulitis
is “acute appendicitis” about 80% of the time. If there is extensive inflammation involving much of the cecum, an ileocolectomy is indicated. If the
inflammation is well localized to the area of the diverticulum, a simple
diverticulectomy with closure of the defect is the procedure of choice. To
avoid diagnostic confusion in the future, the appendix should be removed
whenever an incision is made in the right lower quadrant, unless operatively contraindicated.
368. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1407–1408.) Hepatic hemangiomata are the most common of all liver tumors. The infantile forms are
highly vascular and occasionally cause hepatomegaly or congestive cardiac
failure that requires angiographic or surgical interruption. The diagnostic
incidence of incidental cavernous hemangiomata in adults has increased in
this era of noninvasive imaging of organs with MRI, ultrasonography, and
CT. When this lesion is suspected, the diagnosis can be confirmed with
sensitive and more specific imaging techniques such as labeled red blood
cell scanning (not liver/spleen scans). The mean age of presentation in
adults is about 50 years and the vast majority of these lesions are asymptomatic. There is no evidence that they undergo malignant transformation.
They may enlarge and become symptomatic more readily in women after
multiple pregnancies or during the use of estrogen or oral contraceptives.
The risk of rupture and severe hemorrhage into or from hemangiomata is
extremely low; when it does occur, it is usually iatrogenic (following
236
Surgery
attempted biopsy). Given the typically benign and static nature of these
lesions, management by angiographic embolization or resection should be
reserved for the rare patient with symptomatic or complicated hemangioma.
369. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1138, 1144.) CEA is a tumor
marker that was described in 1965 by Gold and Freedman. It is a nonspecific tumor marker that is elevated in only about one-half of patients with
colorectal tumors and is often elevated in patients with lung, pancreatic,
gastric, and gynecologic malignancies. CEA is also elevated in cigarette
smokers. Patients in whom the primary colon tumor produced CEA and in
whom the level falls below 2–3 ng/mL after resection have an excellent
prognosis for disease control. In such patients, a subsequent rise in CEA
has been demonstrated to be a very sensitive marker of the presence and
extent of recurrent disease. Many surgeons follow CEA levels and perform
“second-look” operations to resect local disease or possibly isolated
metastatic disease if the levels become elevated postoperatively. Some surgeons recommend exploration in that circumstance even in the absence of
other evidence (CT scan, colonoscopy) of recurrence. The long-term survival seems to be improved following this aggressive approach in some
patients. Very high elevations of CEA, however, suggest extensive liver disease or peritoneal spread, which is unresectable.
370–373. The answers are 370-b, 371-d, 372-c, 373-a. (Greenfield,
2/e, pp 785–787.) Gastric ulcers have been classified as type I (incisura or
most inferior portion of lesser curvature), type II (gastric and duodenal),
type III (pyloric and prepyloric), and type IV (juxtacardial). Indications for
surgery are intractability, perforation, obstruction, and bleeding. A patient
with an intractable type I ulcer can be treated with an antrectomy alone or
with a proximal gastric vagotomy. If done properly, antrectomy offers
slightly lower recurrence rates and a higher incidence of postoperative
sequelae as compared with proximal gastric vagotomy. However, significant scarring along the lesser curvature makes a proximal gastric vagotomy
technically unfeasible.
Gastric outlet obstruction and severe inflammation around the pylorus
and duodenum make resection a difficult and dangerous option. Similarly,
pyloroplasty is often not adequate in the setting of gastric outlet obstruction to provide adequate drainage. Vagotomy and gastrojejunostomy,
Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas
Answers
237
although associated with the highest recurrence rate, offers the best choice
in the described setting.
In an elderly patient with a bleeding duodenal ulcer, recurrence rates
are less of a consideration and thus the simplest and most expedient operation offers the best surgical outcome. Vagotomy and pyloroplasty with
oversewing of the ulcer is the best choice in this setting.
Finally, in a young patient with intractable type III ulcers, antrectomy
with vagotomy offers the best long-term outcome. Recurrence rates following this procedure are about 2–3%, as compared with 7.4% for vagotomy
and drainage and 10–31% in patients receiving a proximal gastric vagotomy only.
374–376. The answers are 374-d, 375-d, 376-e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp
1161–1167.) Paraesophageal hernias, generally thought to be acquired,
involve herniation of any portion or all of the stomach into the thoracic cavity via the esophageal hiatus. These hernias are usually repaired electively
because of a high incidence of complications. In these dangerous hernias, the
cardioesophageal junction is in its normal position below the diaphragm.
Diaphragmatic ruptures usually affect adults and result from blunt
trauma to the abdomen. Unless such ruptures are repaired, the negative
intrathoracic pressure associated with each respiratory effort tends to such
the abdominal contents into the chest with consequent loss of necessary
space for lung expansion and substantial risk of damage to the intrathoracic bowel.
Sliding hiatal hernias, the most frequent type of hernia found in
adults, are generally acquired. The significance of this type of hernia rests
in its association with gastroesophageal reflux, a condition that may lead to
reflux esophagitis. Because sliding hiatal hernias frequently do not exhibit
significant gastroesophageal reflux, it is likely that other factors may be
more important in the pathophysiology of that disorder.
The foramen of Bochdalek hernia is a congenital hernia of the posterolateral aspect of the diaphragm in which abdominal viscera enter the
thorax and cause acute respiratory distress in infants. This hernia requires
emergency repair.
The foramen of Morgagni hernia, although also congenital, is not usually detected until adulthood. It is usually an incidental finding on chest xray, where it appears as a low anterior mediastinal mass. However, on rare
occasions it can produce acute respiratory distress in infants.
238
Surgery
377–378. The answers are 377-b, c, h, i; 378-f. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp
1529–1530, 1275–1277.) The radiograph demonstrates pneumoperitoneum. Only a perforated viscus can produce this radiographic appearance in conjunction with diffuse peritonitis. A perforated gastric ulcer,
perforated diverticulum, perforated transverse colon carcinoma, or strangulated hernia with necrotic bowel would all produce this clinical picture.
A sigmoid volvulus appears radiographically on plain film of the
abdomen as an upside-down U or “bent inner tube.” Acute sigmoid volvulus presents in the elderly with nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention,
colicky abdominal pain, and obstipation. The first diagnostic and often
therapeutic maneuver should be a sigmoidoscopy.
379–380. The answers are 379-d, e, f; 380-c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1168,
1156–1158.) Patients with Mallory-Weiss syndrome typically present with
a massive, painless hematemesis after severe vomiting or retching. The
majority of tears (87%) occur just below the gastroesophageal junction.
These tears occur 3 times more commonly in cirrhotics than in the normal
population. Most of the time (90%), bleeding will stop without any intervention. When bleeding persists, balloon tamponade, endoscopic control
of the bleeding, and surgical intervention with gastrotomy and oversewing
of the tear have all been successful. Both intravenous and intraarterial infusion of vasopressin are also useful in controlling bleeding but are contraindicated in patients with coronary artery disease.
The patient presents with Boerhaave syndrome (spontaneous perforation of the esophagus following sudden increase in intraabdominal pressure). Unlike Mallory-Weiss tears, these tears are transmural perforations.
Typical presentation is that of severe retrosternal or left chest or shoulder
pain following an episode of retching; therefore, the symptoms can sometimes mimic a myocardial or pulmonary infarction. However, a good history can usually distinguish a Boerhaave perforation from these other
entities. A Gastrografin swallow is helpful in cases that are diagnostically
challenging. Treatment consists of left thoracotomy, repair of the transmural tear, and adequate drainage.
CARDIOTHORACIC
PROBLEMS
Questions
DIRECTIONS: Each item below contains a question or incomplete
statement followed by suggested responses. Select the one best response to
each question.
381. Among the cardiovascular
anomalies of newborns, the one
most likely to present with cyanosis
is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Patent ductus arteriosus
Coarctation of the aorta
Atrial septal defect
Ventricular septal defect
Transposition of the great vessels
382. The superior vena cava syndrome is most frequently seen in
association with
a. Histoplasmosis (sclerosing mediastinitis)
b. Substernal thyroid
c. Thoracic aortic aneurysm
d. Constrictive pericarditis
e. Bronchogenic carcinoma
383. During endoscopic biopsy of
a distal esophageal cancer, perforation of the esophagus is suspected
when the patient complains of significant new substernal pain. An
immediate chest film reveals air in
the mediastinum. You would recommend
a. Placement of a nasogastric tube to
the level of perforation, antibiotics,
close observation
b. Spit fistula (cervical pharyngostomy), gastrostomy
c. Left thoracotomy, pleural patch
oversewing of perforation, drainage
of mediastinum
d. Esophagogastrectomy via celiotomy and right thoracotomy
e. Transhiatal esophagogastrectomy
with cervical esophagogastrostomy
239
Terms of Use
240
Surgery
Items 384–385
384. A noncyanotic 2-day-old child
has a systolic murmur along the left
sternal border; the examination is
otherwise normal. Chest x-ray and
electrocardiogram are normal. These
findings are most closely associated
with which of the following congenital cardiac anomalies?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Tetralogy of Fallot
Ventricular septal defect
Tricuspid atresia
Transposition of the great vessels
Patent ductus arteriosus
385. A 3-year-old child with congenital cyanosis is most probably
suffering from
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Tetralogy of Fallot
Ventricular septal defect
Tricuspid atresia
Transposition of the great vessels
Patent ductus arteriosus
386. A stockbroker in his midforties consults you with complaints of episodes of severe, often
incapacitating chest pain on swallowing. The diagnostic studies on
the esophagus you have ordered
yield the following: endoscopic
examination and biopsy—mild
inflammation distally; manometry—prolonged
high-amplitude
contractions from the arch of the
aorta distally, lower esophageal
sphincter (LES) pressure 20 mm
Hg with relaxation on swallowing;
barium swallow—2-cm epiphrenic
diverticulum. You would recommend
a. Myotomy from level of aortic arch
to distal sphincter; no disruption of
LES
b. Diverticulectomy, myotomy from
level of aortic arch to fundus, fundoplication
c. Diverticulectomy, cardiomyotomy
of distal 3 cm of esophagus and
proximal 2 cm of stomach with
antireflux fundoplication
d. A trial of calcium channel blockers
e. Pneumatic dilation of LES
Cardiothoracic Problems
387. A 4-year-old boy is seen 1 h
after ingestion of a lye drain
cleaner. No oropharyngeal burns
are noted, but the patient’s voice is
hoarse. Chest x-ray is normal. Of
the following, which is the most
appropriate therapy?
a. Immediate esophagoscopy
b. Parenteral steroids and antibiotics
c. Administration of an oral neutralizing agent
d. Induction of vomiting
e. Rapid administration of a quart of
water to clear remaining lye from
the esophagus and dilute material
in stomach
388. A previously healthy 20-yearold man is admitted to a hospital
with acute onset of left-sided chest
pain. The electrocardiographic
findings are normal but chest x-ray
shows a 40% left pneumothorax.
Treatment consists of which of the
following procedures?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Observation
Barium swallow
Thoracotomy
Tube thoracostomy
Thoracostomy and intubation
241
389. A 50-year-old salesman is on
a yacht with a client when he has a
severe vomiting and retching spell
punctuated by a sharp substernal
pain. He arrives in your emergency
room 4 h later and has a chest film
in which the left descending aorta
is outlined by air density. Optimum
strategy for care would be
a. Immediate thoracotomy
b. Serial ECGs and CPKs to rule out
myocardial ischemia
c. Left chest tube and spit fistula (cervical esophagostomy)
d. Flexible esophagogastroscopy to
establish diagnosis
e. Nasogastric tube, antibiotics, close
monitoring
242
Surgery
Items 390–391
A 26-year-old man is brought to the emergency room after being extricated from the driver’s seat of a car involved in a head-on collision in which
the patient was not wearing his seat belt. His ECG is shown below.
390. The ECG is most consistent with
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Preexisting disease
Myocardial ischemia that caused the accident
Myocardial contusion that resulted from the accident
Chagas disease
Normal variant
391. The best test for establishing the diagnosis and the degree of myocardial dysfunction is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Serial ECGs
Creatine phosphokinase (CPK-MB) fractionation
Echocardiography
Radionuclide angiography
Coronary angiography
Cardiothoracic Problems
Items 392–393
Several days following esophagectomy a patient complains of
dyspnea and chest tightness. A
large pleural effusion is noted on
chest radiograph and thoracentesis
yields milky fluid consistent with
chyle.
394. A 56-year-old woman was
treated for 3 years for wheezing on
exertion, which was diagnosed as
asthma. The chest radiograph
below is obtained, which reveals a
midline mass compressing the trachea. The most likely diagnosis is
392. Initial management of this
patient consists of which of the following procedures?
a. Immediate operation to repair the
thoracic duct
b. Immediate operation to ligate the
thoracic duct
c. Tube thoracostomy and low-fat diet
d. Observation and low-fat diet
e. Observation and antibiotics
393. Two weeks following the initial management of this patient’s
chylothorax there is persistent
accumulation of chyle in the
pleural space. Appropriate management at this time includes which of
the following procedures?
a. Neck exploration and ligation of
the thoracic duct
b. Subdiaphragmatic ligation of the
thoracic duct
c. Thoracotomy and repair of the thoracic duct
d. Thoracotomy and ligation of the
thoracic duct
e. Thoracotomy and abrasion of the
pleural space
243
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Lymphoma
Neurogenic tumor
Lung carcinoma
Goiter
Pericardial cyst
244
Surgery
395. A full-term male newborn
experiences respiratory distress
immediately after birth. A prenatal
sonogram had been read as normal.
An emergency radiograph is shown
below. The patient was intubated
and placed on 100% O2. The arterial blood gas revealed pH 7.24; PO2
60 kPa; PCO2 52 kPa. The baby has
sternal retractions and a scaphoid
abdomen. Which of the following
statements correctly refers to this
condition?
a. The most likely cause of this problem is in utero traumatic rupture of
the diaphragm
b. The most important aspect in management would be immediate
exploration and repair of the defect
c. The size of the defect directly correlates with severity of the disease
d. The defect is usually anteromedial
in location
e. Any abdominal organ can be
involved
Cardiothoracic Problems
245
396. An 89-year-old man has lost 30 lb over the past 2 years. He reports
that food frequently sticks when he swallows. He also complains of a
chronic cough. Pulmonary function tests show a vital capacity of 60% of
expected, and forced expiratory volume is 50% of predicted. Barium swallow is shown below. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Radiation therapy and stenting can be expected to produce the same long-term
survival as would surgery
b. Esophagoscopy and biopsy should be performed to confirm the x-ray findings
c. This patient is atypical in that the lesion usually appears in the second or third
decade of life
d. The patient should be treated with antituberculous medications before any surgical intervention is considered
e. The carotid bifurcation lies adjacent to the lesion
246
Surgery
397. Which of the following statements is true concerning aortocoronary bypass grafting?
a. It is indicated for crescendo (preinfarction) angina
b. It is indicated for congestive heart
failure
c. It is not indicated for chronic disabling angina
d. It is associated with a 10% operative mortality
e. It is only indicated if significant
triple vessel disease is documented
angiographically
399. A 35-year-old man presents
with a history of 4 days of severe
substernal pain and fever to
38.89°C (102°F). He has a past
medical history of peptic ulcer disease that resulted in a Billroth II
procedure 5 years earlier. On
admission, the chest film below is
obtained. A true statement regarding this patient’s case is which of
the following?
398. Which of the following statements is true regarding the thoracic
outlet syndrome?
a. It is associated with cervical spine
disk disease
b. It is reliably diagnosed by positional obliteration of the radial
pulse
c. If conservative measures fail, it is
best treated by surgical decompression of the brachial plexus
d. It most commonly affects the
median nerve
e. It can be reliably ruled out by
angiography
a. Pericardial effusion is present
b. The condition may be managed
with antibiotics and close observation if the patient remains hemodynamically stable
c. The condition could have resulted
from recurrent peptic ulcer disease
d. The condition could have resulted
from a myocardial infarction
e. The previous Billroth II procedure
effectively rules out peptic ulcer as
the cause of the condition
Cardiothoracic Problems
400. Superior pulmonary sulcus
carcinomas (Pancoast tumors) are
bronchogenic carcinomas that typically produce which of the following clinical features?
a. Atelectasis of the involved apical
segment
b. Horner syndrome
c. Pain in the T4 and T5 dermatomes
d. Nonproductive cough
e. Hemoptysis
247
Items 403–404
Six months ago at the time of
lumpectomy for breast cancer, a
60-year-old female attorney quit a
30-year smoking habit of two
packs per day. She had the chest
radiograph below as part of her
routine follow-up examination.
401. A 2-year-old asymptomatic
child is noted to have a systolic
murmur, hypertension, and diminished femoral pulses. Which of the
following is true about this child’s
disorder?
a. The life expectancy without surgery
is about 5 years
b. Immediate surgery is indicated
c. Rib notching is often seen on x-ray
d. Claudication is frequently noted
e. Operative mortality approaches
10%
402. A correct statement concerning bronchial carcinoid tumors is
that
a. They frequently metastasize
b. They most commonly arise in
peripheral terminal bronchioles
c. They rarely produce the carcinoid
syndrome
d. They are radiosensitive
e. Five-year survival is less than 50%
403. True statements about the
lesion visualized on the film
include which of the following?
a. It is more apt to be metastatic
breast carcinoma than primary
lung carcinoma
b. There is a 90% chance that this
mass is malignant
c. Since the diagnosis can only be
established with certainty by resection, the mass should be excised
d. If the mass is malignant, the possibility for cure with excision is
remote
e. The mass is most likely benign
248
Surgery
404. At the time of operation on
the patient in the preceding question, a firm, rubbery lesion in the
periphery of the lung is discovered.
It is sectioned in the operating
room to reveal tissue that looks like
cartilage and smooth muscle. The
most likely diagnosis is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Fibroma
Chondroma
Osteochondroma
Hamartoma
Aspergilloma
405. The condition shown in the
x-rays below is compatible with
which of the following manifestations?
a. Difficulty swallowing solids but not
liquids
b. Higher-than-normal incidence of
esophageal carcinoma
c. Failure of the upper esophageal
sphincter to relax in response to
swallowing
d. Normal pressure in the body of the
esophagus
e. Normal esophageal motility
249
250
Surgery
DIRECTIONS: Each group of questions below consists of lettered
options followed by numbered items. For each numbered item, select the
appropriate lettered option(s). Each lettered option may be used once,
more than once, or not at all. Choose exactly the number of options
indicated following each item.
Items 406–410
Items 411–415
For each physical finding or
group of physical findings below,
select the cardiovascular disorder
with which it is most likely to be
associated.
For each pathologic sign
below, select the mediastinal tumor
with which it is most likely to be
associated.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Massive tricuspid regurgitation
Aortic regurgitation
Coarctation of the aorta
Thoracic aortic aneurysm
Myocarditis
406. Argyll
Robertson
(SELECT 1 DISORDER)
pupil
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Thymoma
Hodgkin’s disease
Neuroblastoma
Parathyroid adenoma
Cystic teratoma
411. Increased
urinary
catecholamine level (SELECT 1
TUMOR)
407. Exophthalmos (SELECT 1
DISORDER)
412. Red blood cell
(SELECT 1 TUMOR)
408. Quincke pulse (SELECT 1
DISORDER)
413. Renal stones (SELECT 1
TUMOR)
409. Conjunctivitis, urethral discharge, and arthralgia (SELECT 1
DISORDER)
414. T-cell deficiency (SELECT 1
TUMOR)
410. Short stature, webbed neck,
low-set ears, and epicanthal folds
(SELECT 1 DISORDER)
aplasia
415. Ectopic hair (SELECT 1
TUMOR)
Cardiothoracic Problems
Items 416–420
Match the appropriate pharmacologic agent with each description.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Isoproterenol
Dopamine
Dobutamine
Amrinone
Digitalis
Nitroprusside
Nitroglycerin
Milrinone
416. Balanced arterial and venous
dilation (SELECT 1 AGENT)
251
417. Action as an inotrope and
vasodilator by inhibiting endogenous phosphodiesterase (SELECT
2 AGENTS)
418. Pure beta agonist with profound chronotropic properties
(SELECT 1 AGENT)
419. Endogenous catecholamine
secreted into the circulation under
normal conditions (SELECT 2
AGENTS)
420. Inotropic and antiarrhythmic
properties (SELECT 1 AGENT)
CARDIOTHORACIC
PROBLEMS
Answers
381. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 812–826.) With the exception of
coarctation, in which no shunt (or cyanosis) exists, the anomalies listed cause
a shunting of blood between the systemic and lower-pressure pulmonary circulation. Transposition of the great vessels is a right-to-left shunt that leads to
cyanosis. Except where there is persistent congenital pulmonary hypertension, patent ductus arteriosus and atrial septal defects cause a shunting of
oxygenated blood from the aorta and left atrium, respectively, back into the
pulmonary artery and right atrium. These anomalies cause “recirculation” of
oxygenated blood within the cardiopulmonary circuit but not cyanosis.
When a ventricular septal defect is combined with pulmonary artery atresia
(tetralogy of Fallot), the resulting undercirculation in the pulmonary system
joins transposition as a cause of cyanosis. Other less common congenital
lesions in which the pulmonary arterial blood flow is relatively decreased
include tricuspid atresia, Ebstein’s anomaly, and hypoplastic right ventricle.
382. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 784.) Superior vena cava obstruction is almost always due to malignancy and, in three out of four cases,
results from invasion of the vena cava by bronchogenic carcinoma. Lymphomas account for most of the remaining cases of the superior vena cava
syndrome. Fibrosing mediastinitis as a complication of histoplasmosis or
ingestion of methysergide may occur but is rare. Rarely a substernal thyroid
or thoracic aortic aneurysm may be responsible for the obstruction.
Although constrictive pericarditis may decrease venous return to the heart,
it does not produce obstruction of the superior vena cava. Whatever the
cause of the superior vena cava syndrome, the resultant increased venous
pressure produces edema of the upper body, cyanosis, dilated subcutaneous
collateral vessels in the chest, and headache. Cervical lymphadenopathy
may also be present as a result of either stasis or metastatic involvement.
When carcinoma is the cause of the superior vena cava syndrome, the treatment is usually palliative and consists of diuretics and radiation.
252
Cardiothoracic Problems
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253
383. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1156–1158.) Perforation of the
esophagus in the chest is a surgical catastrophe that requires aggressive
intervention in virtually all circumstances. While that intervention can
usually consist of efforts to patch the perforation and drain the mediastinum, concomitant obstructive esophageal disease, whether inflammatory stenosis or cancer, mandates removal or bypass of the obstruction if
control of the leak and its consequent persisting mediastinal and pleural
contamination is to be accomplished. For distal esophageal cancers, many
thoracic surgeons would use the classic Ivor-Lewis operation, which consists of mobilizing the stomach in the abdomen and then performing a
right thoracotomy with mediastinal cleanout, esophagectomy, and esophagogastrostomy. In some circumstances, and by some surgeons’ preference,
a left thoracotomy approach might be used. The transhiatal approach
would probably be avoided in this situation where an unknown amount of
mediastinal contamination has taken place.
384–385. The answers are 384-b, 385-a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 812–826.)
Ventricular septal defect accounts for 20–30% of all congenital cardiac
anomalies. It may lead to cardiac failure and pulmonary hypertension if the
defect is larger than 1 cm; or it may be asymptomatic if the defect is small.
Surgery is not indicated for the asymptomatic patient with a small defect
since a substantial number of these anomalies close spontaneously during
the first few years of life. Operation is indicated in infants with congestive
heart failure or rising pulmonary vascular resistance (owing to the left-toright shunt). When symptoms are mild and can be controlled medically,
operation is usually delayed until age 4–6 years. Operative mortality ranges
from less than 5% to more than 20% depending on the degree of pulmonary vascular resistance.
Tetralogy of Fallot, transposition, and tricuspid atresia are cyanotic
lesions. Congenital cyanosis that persists beyond the age of 2 years is associated, in the vast majority of cases, with a tetralogy of Fallot. Patent ductus arteriosus is associated with the characteristic continuous machinery
murmur.
386. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1103–1121.) The diagnostic studies listed reveal minimal reflux esophagitis, normal LES relaxation and pressure, and an incidental small epiphrenic diverticulum. None of these
findings justifies treatment and none explains the patient’s symptoms. On the
254
Surgery
other hand, the finding of prolonged high-amplitude contractions in the
body of the esophagus in a highly symptomatic patient is diagnostic of diffuse esophageal spasm. The cause of this hypermotility disorder is unknown,
but its symptoms can be disabling. The recommended treatment for this relatively rare disorder is a long myotomy guided by the manometric evidence.
If the LES is functioning properly, most surgeons would now recommend
stopping the myotomy short of the normal lower sphincter. It should continue upward at least to the level of the aortic arch—higher if manometric
findings of spasm are noted above that level. Eighty to 90% of patients
treated in this fashion will experience acceptable relief of symptoms.
387. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1158–1161.) Corrosive injuries
of the esophagus most frequently occur in young children due to accidental ingestion of strong alkaline cleaning agents. Significant esophageal
injury occurs in 15% of patients with no oropharyngeal injury, while 70%
of patients with oropharyngeal injury have no esophageal damage. Signs of
airway injury or imminent obstruction warrant close observation and possibly tracheostomy. The risk of adding injury, particularly in a child, makes
esophagoscopy contraindicated in the opinion of most surgeons. Administration of oral “antidotes” is ineffective unless given within moments of
ingestion; even then, the additional damage potentially caused by the
chemical reactions of neutralization often makes use of them unwise. A
barium esophagogram is usually done within 24 h unless evidence of perforation is present. In most reports, steroids in conjunction with antibiotics
reduce the incidence of formation of strictures from about 70% to about
15%. Vomiting should be avoided, if possible, to prevent further corrosive
injury and possible aspiration. It is probably wise to avoid all oral intake
until the full extent of injury is ascertained.
The most helpful ECG finding is the presence of a new right bundle
branch block, which occurs because of damage to the anterior portion of
the interventricular septum; ST-segment and T-wave changes and even the
development of new Q waves may be seen. CPK-MB fractions are useful if
they are positive; however, frequent false negatives may be seen because of
the release of CPK-MM from other contused organs, such as the pectoralis
muscles, which can dilute the cardiac CPK-MB to nondiagnostic levels.
Echocardiography may be helpful, but the right ventricle is often poorly
visualized. Radionuclide angiography is most useful because it suggests the
degree of myocardial impairment caused by decreased compliance.
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255
Therapy of myocardial contusion is directed at inotropic support of the
ventricle; usually, the coronary arteries are intact after the injury and so there is
little role for coronary vasodilators and less for coronary artery bypass grafting.
388. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 711–713, 781.) Spontaneous
pneumothorax usually results from the rupture of subpleural blebs in
young men (age 20–40), which is often signaled by a sudden onset of chest
and shoulder pain. Pneumothorax of more than 25% requires placement of
a chest tube; thoracotomy with bleb excision and pleural abrasion is generally recommended if spontaneous pneumothorax is recurrent. Small
pneumothoraxes in patients with minimal symptoms usually resolve and
therefore can be observed. A spontaneous perforation of the esophagus
(Boerhaave syndrome) can result in hydropneumothorax as well as the
more usual pneumomediastinum, but would not present with an isolated
40% pneumothorax. Barium swallow is an appropriate diagnostic test for
evaluation of a suspected leaking esophagus.
389. The answer is a. (Henderson, Am J Med 86:559–567, 1989.) The presence of air in the mediastinum after an episode of vomiting and retching is
virtually pathognomonic of spontaneous rupture of the esophagus (Boerhaave syndrome). The evidence is overwhelming that without prompt surgical exploration of the mediastinum by left thoracotomy, the patient has little
chance for a short-term outcome of low morbidity. The aspiration of highly
acidic gastric contents into the mediastinum creates havoc in the tissues
exposed to it. The surgical procedure must include extensive opening of the
mediastinal pleura and removal of any particulate debris that might have
been aspirated into the thorax from the stomach. Closure of the esophageal
laceration with reinforcement by a pleural flap and secure chest tube drainage
of the pleural space are mandatory. If the operation is delayed beyond the first
8–24 h, the mortality rises sharply and survival will only follow prolonged
intensive care and multiple operations. This catastrophic event is one of the
few in which prompt diagnosis and intervention are crucial to success.
Because the findings are classic and the diagnosis is so important, Boerhaave
syndrome justifiably receives emphasis in educational programs for emergency physicians, internists, radiologists, and surgeons alike.
390–391. The answers are 388-c, 389-d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 159–161.)
The incidence of myocardial contusion is about 25% in patients with severe
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Surgery
blunt injury to the chest. The injury occurs as a result of direct compression
of the heart between the sternum and the vertebral column. The right ventricle, being the most anterior portion of the heart, is the most commonly
injured portion. The blow causes extravasation of blood into the
myocardium and results in a progressive loss of ventricular compliance and
decreased cardiac output, which usually peaks by 8–24 h after the injury.
392–393. The answers are 392-c, 393-b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 706–709.)
Chylothorax may occur after intrathoracic surgery, or it may follow malignant invasion or compression of the thoracic duct. Intraoperative recognition of a thoracic duct injury is managed by double ligation of the duct.
Direct repair is impractical owing to the extreme friability of the thoracic
duct. Injuries not recognized until several days after intrathoracic surgery
frequently heal following the institution of a low-fat diet and either
repeated thoracentesis or tube thoracostomy drainage. A low-fat, mediumchain triglyceride diet often reduces the flow of chyle. Failure of this treatment modality requires direct surgical ligation of the thoracic duct. This is
best approached from below the diaphragm, regardless of the site of
intrathoracic injury.
394. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 771–780.) The boundaries of
the mediastinum are the thoracic inlet, the diaphragm, the sternum, the
vertebral column, and the pleura bilaterally. The mediastinum itself is
divided into three portions delineated by the pericardial sac: the anterosuperior and posterosuperior regions are in front of and behind the sac,
respectively, while the middle region designates the contents of the pericardium. Mediastinal masses occur most frequently in the anterosuperior
region (54%) and less often in the posterosuperior (26%) and middle
(20%) regions. Cysts (either pericardial, bronchogenic, or enteric) are the
most common tumors of the middle region; neurogenic tumors are the
most common (40%) of the primary tumors of the posterior mediastinum.
The primary neoplasms of the mediastinum in the anteroposterior region
are thymomas (31%), lymphomas (23%), and germ-cell tumors (17%).
More commonly, though, a mass in this area represents the substernal
extension of a benign substernal goiter. Diagnosis may be made by visualization of an enhancing structure on CT; radioactive iodine scanning is useful in management because it may make the diagnosis if the mediastinal
tissue is functional and will also document the presence of functioning cer-
Cardiothoracic Problems
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257
vical thyroid tissue to prevent removal of all functional thyroid tissue during mediastinal excision.
395. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1719–1721.) This radiograph of
a child with a scaphoid abdomen and respiratory disease is characteristic of
a congenital diaphragmatic hernia. These defects are posterolateral and
occur from failure of the embryologic diaphragm to fuse between the
eighth and twelfth weeks of intrauterine life. The size of the defect does not
correlate with the symptoms. Even a large diaphragmatic hernia can be
missed on prenatal sonogram if the abdominal contents have slipped back
into the abdomen at the time of the study. Hernias of Morgagni are anteromedial and do not present as emergencies at birth. Any abdominal organ—
pancreas, kidney, small and large intestine, stomach, liver, or spleen—can
herniate into the chest. The abdominal organ acts as a space-occupying
lesion and retards growth of the lung, which results in pulmonary hypoplasia. Respiratory problems at birth stem from primary pulmonary hypertension, the consequence of hypoplasia, rather than from compression of the
lung by abdominal contents. Most experts recommend stabilizing the pulmonary hypertensive crisis medically or with extracorporeal membrane
oxygenation (ECMO) prior to attempting repair.
396. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 1125.) Pharyngoesophageal
(Zenker’s) diverticulum is an outpouching of mucosa between the lower
pharyngeal constrictor and the cricopharyngeus muscles. It is thought to
result from an incoordination of cricopharyngeal relaxation with swallowing. These diverticula occur in elderly patients and more commonly on the
left. The typical patient presents with complaints of dysphagia, weight loss,
and choking. Other patients present with the effects of repeated aspiration,
pneumonia, or chronic cough. A mass is sometimes palpable and a gurgle
may be heard. Treatment is excision and division of the cricopharyngeus
muscle, which can be done under local anesthesia in a cooperative patient.
Esophagoscopy is dangerous because the blind pouch is easily perforated.
Even though the pouch may extend down into the mediastinum, the origin
of the diverticulum is at the cricopharyngeus muscle near the level of the
bifurcation of the carotid artery.
397. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 865–867.) Coronary artery
bypass surgery was developed in the late 1960s and is now being regularly
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Surgery
performed. Indications for surgery include chronic disabling angina and
crescendo (or preinfarction) angina. Cardiac catheterization with selective
coronary angiography defines the extent of disease, which generally is
localized to the proximal segments of the vessels. Operative mortality is
about 2%, and relief of angina is obtained in most affected patients.
Patients with left main coronary artery disease as well as those with triple
vessel disease and ventricular dysfunction have an increased longevity following successful bypass. Data regarding extension of life in other groups
is conflicting. Coronary artery bypass is not indicated for congestive heart
failure unless this condition is ischemic in origin and angiography identifies disease amenable to surgical revascularization.
398. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 977–980.) The thoracic outlet
syndrome designates a symptom complex whose precise cause is
unknown. It is felt to result from compression of the brachial plexus or
subclavian vessels, or both, in the anatomic space bounded by the first rib,
the clavicle, and scalene muscles. Since objective determinants of disease
may be lacking or imprecise, the diagnosis often is established by resectional surgery. Carpal tunnel syndrome (compression of the median nerve
as it passes through the carpal tunnel of the wrist) and cervical disk disease
are the two entities most commonly confused with the thoracic outlet syndrome, whose symptoms and signs include pain, paresthesias, edema,
venous congestion, and digital vasospastic changes. Positional dampening
or obliteration of the radial pulse is an unreliable finding since it is present
in up to 70% of the normal population. Neurologic abnormalities may be
documented by nerve conduction studies. Angiographic studies are often
negative. Conservative management, which generally should precede
surgery, consists of an exercise program to strengthen shoulder girdle muscles and decrease shoulder droop. Operative treatment includes division of
the scalenus anticus and medius muscles, first rib resection, cervical rib
resection, or a combination of all three.
399. The answer is c. (Cummings, Ann Thorac Surg 37:511–518, 1984.)
This x-ray demonstrates an air-fluid level in the pericardium. Pneumopericardium can result from penetrating or blunt chest trauma, spontaneous formation of gas from anaerobic bacteria, iatrogenic causes, or direct extension
into the pericardium by diseased adjacent organs. In this case, a patient with
a high gastrojejunostomy developed a recurrent ulcer that eroded through
Cardiothoracic Problems
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259
the diaphragm and into the pericardium and thus caused a pneumopyopericardium. Often these patients have an unrecognized gastrinoma (ZollingerEllison syndrome) and therefore continue to have peptic ulcer disease
despite aggressive surgical therapy. The presence of pneumopyopericardium
as seen in this chest film should be treated as a surgical emergency in this setting. Inability to demonstrate a fistula on roentgenographic investigation
should not preclude the diagnosis of this entity. If the cause of the pericardial
fluid is not clearly diagnosed by available means, then a pericardial window
should be performed for diagnostic as well as therapeutic reasons. The pericardial sac should be irrigated and adequate continuing drainage should be
ensured. Although myocardial infarction may result in pericardial effusion or
(rarely) tamponade, it does not cause pneumopericardium.
400. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 1913.) Pancoast tumors are
peripheral bronchogenic carcinomas that produce symptoms by involvement of extrapulmonary structures adjacent to the cupula. These structures
include the nerve roots of C8 and T1, as well as the sympathetic trunk.
Interruption of the cervical sympathetic trunk leads to miosis, ptosis, and
anhidrosis, the triad of signs that constitutes Horner syndrome. Involvement of the nerve roots causes pain along the corresponding dermatomes.
The peripheral location of the neoplasm makes pulmonary signs, such as
atelectasis, cough, and hemoptysis, unlikely.
401. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 802–805.) Coarctation of the
aorta is a congenital anomaly that usually causes aortic stenosis just distal
to the left subclavian artery in the area of the ligamentum arteriosum. Collateral circulation develops around the obstruction by way of intercostal
vessels and accounts for the classic x-ray appearance of rib notching. Without surgery, the average life span is about 30–40 years with eventual death
from cardiac failure, rupture of aortic aneurysms or of a cerebral artery, and
bacterial endocarditis. Surgery can be accomplished with less than a 1%
mortality and should be performed around 5 years of age, when the aorta
is sufficiently large to be operable but before it becomes fibrotic and calcified, conditions that increase the technical difficulty of the operation. Claudication is not a common feature of this disorder.
402. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 759–761.) Bronchial carcinoid
tumors rarely produce the carcinoid syndrome. They are slow-growing,
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Surgery
infrequently metastatic tumors that histologically resemble the carcinoid
tumors of the small intestine. Over 80% arise in the major proximal
bronchi, and their intraluminal growth is responsible for the frequent presentation of bronchial obstruction. The only therapy for this lesion is operative resection, because neither the primary tumor nor the infrequent
lymph node metastasis is radiosensitive. The low malignant potential for
this lesion is reflected by a long-term survival rate that approaches 90%.
403. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 758–759.) “Coin lesions” have
been defined as densities within the lung field of up to 4 cm, usually round,
and free of signs of infections such as cavitation or surrounding infiltrates.
Malignant solitary lesions may contain flecks of calcification, but heavy calcification or concentric rings of calcium generally suggest a benign etiology.
The differential diagnosis for coin lesions includes primary pulmonary carcinomas, metastatic carcinomas to the lung, benign lung neoplasms such as
chondromas and other benign lung processes such as granulomas, or vascular abnormalities such as arteriovenous malformations. The likelihood
that a coin lesion is a primary lung malignancy increases linearly with age:
15% at age 40, 40% at age 55, 70% at age 75. With the diminishing frequency of granulomatous disease and the continued rise in lung cancers,
such lesions should be removed because there is an excellent chance of
cure if the lesion is a primary lung malignancy. If the patient has had a previous malignancy of tissue other than lung, the likelihood that the lesion
represents a metastatic lesion depends on the tissue of origin of the previous malignancy. If all patients with a history of prior cancer are considered
together, a lung nodule will be a new lung primary in 60%, a metastatic
lesion in 25%, and a benign process in 15% of cases. However, 80% of solitary lesions in patients with melanoma represent metastatic disease, while
only 40% of lesions in patients with breast cancer represent metastasis, and
solitary lesions in patients with colon carcinoma are equally likely to be
metastatic or primary lung cancers.
404. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 759–764.) The term hamartoma
denotes a tumor that arises from the disorganized arrangement of tissues normally found in an organ. Pulmonary hamartomas are solitary lesions of the
pulmonary parenchyma and generally appear as asymptomatic peripheral
nodules; they represent the most common benign epithelial and mesodermal
elements. Pulmonary chondromas consist of mesodermal elements alone
Cardiothoracic Problems
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261
and arise centrally in major bronchi, where they produce signs and symptoms of bronchial obstruction. Fibromas are the most common benign mesodermal tumors found in the lung; they may occur either within the lung
parenchyma or, more commonly, within the tracheobronchial tree. Osteochondromas are lesions of bone and are not found in the lung. Aspergillomas
are due to infection with the fungus Aspergillus and most commonly appear
in the upper lobes as oval, friable, necrotic gray or yellow masses often surrounded by evidence of preexisting parenchymal lung disease.
405. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1126–1127.) The x-rays presented in the question are consistent with a diagnosis of achalasia, a motility disorder of the esophagus that usually affects persons between 30 and
50 years of age. The x-rays show a classic beaklike narrowing of the distal
esophagus and a large, dilated esophagus proximal to the narrowing. The
diagnosis of achalasia is generally suspected on the basis of barium x-rays,
but, because other esophageal disorders may mimic the condition, an
esophageal motility study is usually required to confirm the diagnosis. The
characteristic findings on a motility study are small-amplitude, repetitive,
simultaneous postdeglutition contractions in the body of the esophagus,
failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax after deglutition, and a
higher-than-normal pressure in the body of the esophagus. Carcinoma of
the esophagus is approximately 7 times more frequent in persons who have
achalasia than in the general population. Patients usually describe difficulty
in swallowing solids and liquids.
406–410. The answers are 406-d, 407-a, 408-b, 409-e, 410-c.
(Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1575–1577, 1506. Sabiston, 15/e, p 2139.) Myocarditis,
aortitis, and pericarditis all have been described in association with Reiter
syndrome; the original description included conjunctivitis, urethritis, and
arthralgias. Although its cause is unknown, Reiter syndrome is associated
with HLA-B27 antigen, as are aortic regurgitation, pericarditis, and ankylosing spondylitis.
Short stature, webbed neck, low-set ears, and epicanthal folds are the
classic features of patients who have Turner syndrome. Persons affected by
the syndrome, which is commonly linked with aortic coarctation, are genotypically XO. However, females and males have been described with normal sex chromosome constitutions (XX, XY) but with the phenotypic
abnormalities of Turner syndrome. Additional cardiac lesions associated
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Surgery
with Turner syndrome include septal defects, valvular stenosis, and anomalies of the great vessels.
The Argyll Robertson pupil, a pupil that constricts with accommodation but not in response to light, is characteristic of central nervous system
syphilis and is associated with vascular system manifestations of this disease. Treponema pallidum invades the vasa vasorum and causes an obliterative endarteritis and necrosis. The resulting aortitis gradually weakens the
aortic wall and predisposes it to aneurysm formation. Once an aneurysm
has formed, the prognosis is grave.
Massive isolated tricuspid regurgitation produces a markedly elevated
venous pressure, usually manifested by a severely engorged (often pulsating) liver. If the venous pressure is sufficiently elevated, exophthalmos may
result. Tricuspid regurgitation of rheumatic origin is almost never an isolated lesion, and the major symptoms of patients who have rheumatic heart
disease are usually attributable to concurrent left heart lesions. Bacterial
endocarditis from intravenous drug abuse is becoming an increasingly
important cause of isolated tricuspid regurgitation.
A Quincke pulse, which consists of alternate flushing and paling of the
skin or nail beds, is associated with aortic regurgitation. Other characteristic features of the peripheral pulse in aortic regurgitation include the waterhammer pulse (Corrigan pulse, caused by a rapid systolic upstroke) and
pulsus bisferiens, which describes a double systolic hump in the pulse contour. The finding of a wide pulse pressure provides an additional diagnostic clue to aortic regurgitation.
411–415. The answers are 411-c, 412-a, 413-d, 414-b, 415-e.
(Schwartz, 7/e, pp 771–780.) Neuroblastoma, a highly malignant tumor of
children, occurs along the distribution of the sympathetic nervous system.
It is derived from ganglion cell precursors and thus usually causes an
increased excretion of catecholamines and their metabolites. Because of its
propensity to metastasize to bone and its histological resemblance to
Ewing’s sarcoma, its association with elevated catecholamine levels is a
major factor in differential diagnosis.
Renal stones occur in about half the cases of hyperparathyroidism.
Other disorders sometimes associated with hyperparathyroidism include
peptic ulcers, pancreatitis, and bone disease; central nervous system symptoms may also arise in connection with hyperparathyroidism. Occasionally,
parathyroid adenomas occur in conjunction with neoplasms of other
endocrine organs, a condition known as multiple endocrine adenomatosis.
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263
Cystic teratomas, or dermoid cysts, include endodermal, ectodermal,
and mesodermal elements. They are characteristically cystic and contain
poorly pigmented hair, sebaceous material, and occasionally teeth. Dermoid cysts occur in the gonads and central nervous system, as well as in
the mediastinum. With rare exceptions, these lesions are benign.
Thymomas are associated with myasthenia gravis, agammaglobulinemia, and red blood cell aplasia. These tumors are typically cystic and occur
in the anterior mediastinum. Most thymic lesions associated with myasthenia gravis are hyperplastic rather than neoplastic.
Persons afflicted with Hodgkin’s disease have impaired cell-mediated
immunity and are particularly susceptible to mycotic infections and tuberculosis. The severity of the immune deficiency correlates with the extent of
the disease. The nodular sclerosing variant of primary mediastinal
Hodgkin’s disease is the most common type.
416–420. The answers are 416-h; 417-f, j; 418-c; 419-a, d; 420-g.
(Schwartz, 7/e, pp 103–105, 114.) Epinephrine is a circulating endogenous
catecholamine, released mainly from the adrenal medulla, whose effects are
mediated by binding of free circulating hormone to β1- and β2-receptors,
with lesser effects on α-adrenoreceptors. Norepinephrine is also endogenously produced, but acts locally through release at nerve synapses. Isoproterenol is a synthetic sympathomimetic that acts as a pure beta agonist,
resulting in profound vasodilator and chronotropic effects. Dopamine is an
endogenous catecholamine that is released into the circulation and acts by
binding to β1-receptors as well as specific dopamine receptors in the renal,
mesenteric, coronary, and intracerebral vascular beds, causing vasodilation. Dobutamine is a synthetic sympathomimetic structurally related to
dopamine and is a potent inotrope but possesses only small chronotropic
properties. Amrinone and milrinone are bipyridine derivatives that induce
vasodilation and inotropy via inhibition of phosphodiesterase, thereby
enhancing intracellular concentrations of cyclic AMP. Digitalis exerts positive inotropic effects by inhibition of Na-K-activated ATPase, resulting in
increased intracellular sodium concentrations, which lead to increased
intracellular calcium concentrations. Digitalis is also used in the management of arrhythmias, most commonly atrial fibrillation. Nitroprusside and
nitroglycerin are systemic vasodilators, and while nitroprusside causes balanced arterial and venous dilation, the effects of nitroglycerin are less pronounced in the arterial than the venous system, often resulting in venous
pooling.
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PERIPHERAL VASCULAR
PROBLEMS
Questions
DIRECTIONS: Each item below contains a question or incomplete
statement followed by suggested responses. Select the one best response to
each question.
421. Patients with phlebographically confirmed deep vein thrombosis of the calf
a. Can expect asymptomatic recovery
if treated promptly with anticoagulants
b. May be effectively treated with lowdose heparin
c. May be effectively treated with
pneumatic compression stockings
d. May be effectively treated with
acetylsalicylic acid
e. Are at risk for significant pulmonary
embolism
423. Following aortic reconstruction, the viability of the sigmoid
colon can most reliably be evaluated
by
a. Intraoperative measurement of
inferior mesenteric artery stump
pressure
b. Intraoperative Doppler arterial signal in the sigmoid mesentery
c. Intraoperative observation of bowel
peristalsis
d. Postoperative sigmoidoscopy
e. Postoperative barium enema
422. For the first 6 h following
surgical repair of a leaking abdominal aortic aneurysm in a 70-yearold man, oliguria (total urinary
output of 25 mL since the operation) has become a concern. Of
most diagnostic help would be
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Renal scan
Aortogram
Left heart preload pressures
Urinary sodium concentration
Creatinine clearance
265
Terms of Use
266
Surgery
424. A 25-year-old woman presents to the emergency room complaining
of redness and pain in her right foot up to the level of the midcalf. She
reports that her right leg has been swollen for at least 15 years, but her left
leg has been normal. On physical examination she has a temperature of
39°C (102.2°F). The left leg is normal. The right leg is not tender, but it is
swollen from the inguinal ligament down and there is an obvious cellulitis
of the right foot. The patient’s underlying problem is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Popliteal entrapment syndrome
Acute arterial insufficiency
Primary lymphedema
Deep venous thrombosis
None of the above
425. A 76-year-old woman is admitted with back pain and hypotension.
A CT scan (shown below) is obtained, and the patient is taken to the operating room. Three days after resection of a ruptured abdominal aortic
aneurysm, she complains of severe, dull left flank pain and passes bloody
mucus per rectum. The diagnosis that must be immediately considered is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Staphylococcal enterocolitis
Diverticulitis
Bleeding AV malformation
Ischemia of the left colon
Bleeding colonic carcinoma
Peripheral Vascular Problems
267
426. The angiogram depicted below is most typical of the patient whose history includes
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Cigarette smoking
Alcoholism
Hypertension
Diabetes
Type I hyperlipoproteinemia
268
Surgery
427. An 80-year-old man is found
to have an asymptomatic abdominal mass. An arteriogram is obtained, which is pictured below.
This patient should be advised that
Items 428–429
428. A 75-year-old man is found
by his internist to have an asymptomatic carotid bruit. The best initial
diagnostic examination would be
a.
b.
c.
d.
Transcranial Doppler studies
Doppler ultrasonography (duplex)
Spiral CT angiography
Arch aortogram with selective
carotid artery injections
e. Magnetic resonance arteriogram
(MRA)
a. Surgery should be performed, but a
mortality of 20% is to be anticipated
b. Surgery should be performed only
if symptoms develop
c. Surgery will improve his 5-year
survival
d. Surgery this extensive should not
be performed in a patient of his age
e. Surgery should be performed only
if follow-up ultrasound demonstrates increasing size
Peripheral Vascular Problems
429. An arteriogram on the above
patient is shown below. The patient
has mild hypertension and mild
COPD. The current recommendation for this man would be
269
430. A 55-year-old man with
recent onset of atrial fibrillation presents with a cold, pulseless left
lower extremity. He complains of
left leg paresthesia and is unable to
dorsiflex his toes. Following a successful popliteal embolectomy, with
restoration of palpable pedal pulses,
the patient is still unable to dorsiflex his toes. The next step in management should be
a. Electromyography (EMG)
b. Measurement of anterior compartment pressure
c. Elevation of the left leg
d. Immediate fasciotomy
e. Application of a posterior splint
a. Medical therapy with aspirin 325
mg/day and medical risk factor
management
b. Medical therapy with warfarin
c. Angioplasty of the carotid lesion
followed by carotid endarterectomy
if the angioplasty is unsuccessful
d. Carotid endarterectomy
e. Medical risk factor management
and carotid endarterectomy if neurologic symptoms develop
431. Conservative management
rather than reconstructive arterial
surgery is generally recommended
for patients with which of the following symptoms or signs of arterial insufficiency?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Ischemic ulceration
Ischemic neuropathy
Claudication
Nocturnal foot pain
Toe gangrene
270
Surgery
432. Correct statements concerning antiplatelet therapy include
a. Aspirin has been shown to be an
effective antiplatelet agent
b. Most antiplatelet agents work by
enhancing prostaglandin synthesis
c. Antiplatelet agents have not been
shown to increase patency rates of
coronary artery bypass grafts
d. Aspirin can be used to treat deep
venous thrombophlebitis
e. The antiplatelet effect of aspirin
will last for the life of the platelet,
which is generally 20–25 days
433. The subclavian steal syndrome is associated with which of
the following hemodynamic abnormalities?
a. Antegrade flow through a vertebral
artery
b. Venous congestion of upper
extremities
c. Occlusion of the carotid artery
d. Occlusion of the vertebral artery
e. Occlusion of the subclavian artery
434. Symptoms or signs of atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the
bifurcation of the abdominal aorta
(Leriche syndrome) include
a. Claudication of the buttock and
thigh
b. Causalgia of the lower leg
c. Retrograde ejaculation
d. Gangrene of the feet
e. Dependent rubor of the feet
435. Among patients with suspected (occult) coronary artery
disease, the occurrence of postoperative ischemic cardiac events
following peripheral vascular
surgery correlates closely with
abnormal preoperative
a. Exercise stress testing
b. Gated blood pool studies that
demonstrate an ejection fraction of
50% or less
c. Coronary angiography
d. Dipyridamole-thallium imaging
e. Transesophageal echocardiography
436. A 64-year-old man is admitted 14 mo following a femoropopliteal bypass graft procedure with a
cold foot and no graft pulse. Urokinase infusion is begun. Which of
the following statements regarding
management is true?
a. Clot lysis is accomplished in 25%
of patients
b. After successful clot lysis, surgical
revision of the opened graft should
be considered only if early reocclusion occurs
c. With optimal treatment, a 20%
reocclusion rate is expected within
1 year
d. Urokinase is less successful in
lysing acute thromboses of prosthetic grafts than those of vein
grafts
e. Streptokinase is the preferred
thrombolytic agent when treating
graft occlusions
Peripheral Vascular Problems
437. A 60-year-old man is admitted to the coronary care unit with a
large anterior wall myocardial
infarction. On his second hospital
day he begins to complain of the
sudden onset of numbness in his
right foot and an inability to move
his right foot. On physical examination, the right femoral, popliteal,
and pedal pulses are no longer palpable. Vascular consultation is
obtained. Diagnosis of acute arterial embolus is made. Which of the
following statements concerning
this condition is true?
271
438. Which of the following statements concerning the condition
depicted on the arteriogram shown
below is true?
a. Appropriate management would be
embolectomy of the right femoral
artery under general anesthesia
b. Noninvasive hemodynamic testing
is required
c. Prophylactic exploration of the
contralateral femoral artery should
be done despite the presence of a
normal pulse
d. The source of the embolus is most
likely the left ventricle
e. Arteriography is mandatory prior
to operative intervention
a. Surgery should be performed only
if the patient is symptomatic
b. Limb loss is a definite risk in the
untreated patient
c. The contralateral limb is affected in a
similar fashion in over 75% of cases
d. Embolization is unlikely
e. Bleeding into the leg is the most
common presentation
272
Surgery
439. A 65-year-old male cigarette smoker reports onset of claudication of
his right lower extremity approximately 3 wk previously. His walking
radius is limited to three blocks before the onset of claudication. Physical
examination reveals palpable pulses in the entire left lower extremity, but
no pulses are palpable below the right groin level. Noninvasive flow studies are obtained, which are pictured below. Which of the following statements regarding this patient’s condition is true?
a. Femoropopliteal bypass is indicated on a relatively urgent basis in order to salvage the right leg
b. The occlusive process is in the right superficial femoral artery, with flow to the
right foot supplied by the profunda femoris artery
c. About one-half of patients with similar symptoms will ultimately require amputation
d. The occlusive process is most likely caused by embolic disease
e. The noninvasive studies suggest iliac as well as superficial femoral occlusive
disease on the right side
Peripheral Vascular Problems
273
440. Indications for placement of the device pictured in the abdominal
x-ray shown below include
a.
b.
c.
d.
Recurrent pulmonary embolus despite adequate anticoagulation therapy
Axillary vein thrombosis
Pulmonary embolus in a patient with a perforated duodenal ulcer
Pulmonary embolus due to deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremity that
occurs 2 wk postoperatively
e. Pulmonary embolus in a patient with metastatic pancreatic carcinoma
274
Surgery
441. Two days after admission to
the hospital for a myocardial infarction, a 65-year-old man complains
of severe, unremitting midabdominal pain. His cardiac index is 1.6.
Physical examination is remarkable
for an absence of peritoneal irritation or distention despite the
patient’s persistent complaint of
severe pain. Serum lactate is 9 (normal less than 3). In managing this
problem you should
a.
b.
c.
d.
Perform computed tomography
Perform mesenteric angiography
Perform laparoscopy
Perform flexible sigmoidoscopy to
assess the distal colon and rectum
e. Defer decision to explore the
abdomen until the arterial lactate is
greater than 10
442. During evaluation for the
repair of an expanding abdominal aortic aneurysm, a patient is
discovered to have a horseshoe
kidney. The optimum surgical approach would be
a. Midline abdominal incision, preservation of the renal isthmus
b. Midline abdominal incision, division of the renal isthmus
c. Retroperitoneal approach, implantation of anomalous renal arteries
d. Nephrectomy, repair of aneurysm,
chronic dialysis
e. Repair of aneurysm after autotransplantation of the kidney into the
iliac fossa
443. Which statement regarding
contrast venography is true?
a. It is more accurate than Doppler
analysis and B-mode ultrasound
(duplex scan) at detecting thrombi
in the deep veins responsible for
pulmonary emboli
b. It identifies incompetent deep,
superficial, and perforating veins
c. It is totally noninvasive, painless,
and safe
d. It is easily performed in a vascular
laboratory or radiology suite or at
the bedside
e. It is particularly sensitive in identifying the proximal extent of an
iliofemoral thrombus
Peripheral Vascular Problems
275
DIRECTIONS: The group of questions below consists of lettered
options followed by numbered items. For each numbered item, select the
appropriate lettered option(s). Each lettered option may be used once,
more than once, or not at all. Choose exactly the number of options
indicated following each item.
Items 444–445
The arteriogram below applies to both patients described on the following page. For each patient, select the appropriate options.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Femorofemoral bypass
Axillofemoral bypass
Femoropopliteal bypass
Common femoral and profunda femoral endarterectomies
Aorto-left-iliac bypass
Aortobifemoral bypass
276
Surgery
444. A 52-year-old man presents
with severe pain in his left hip and
buttocks while walking about 50
yd. The pain is relieved shortly
after resting. The patient is otherwise healthy. He claims to have
stopped smoking, after a long history of cigarette abuse, approximately 1 year prior to presentation.
(SELECT 3 PROCEDURES)
445. A 72-year-old woman with
severe COPD that requires home
oxygen is unable to ambulate
inside her home without experiencing severe left hip pain. She was
hospitalized 1 year ago for a viral
pneumonia and was ventilator
dependent at that time for 6 wk.
(SELECT 2 PROCEDURES)
PERIPHERAL VASCULAR
PROBLEMS
Answers
421. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1007–1014.) Low-dose heparin
and pneumatic compression stockings have been shown to be effective
prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis; however, they are not effective
against established thrombosis, the treatment for which is therapeutic
heparinization. Salicylate has not been convincingly shown to have either a
prophylactic or therapeutic role in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis.
Even following prompt, aggressive treatment of deep vein thrombosis of
the calf, as many as half of affected patients will develop symptoms of
chronic venous hypertension, and a larger number will have abnormal
venous hemodynamic findings. Untreated vein thrombosis of the calf may
propagate into the larger popliteal veins and cause life-threatening pulmonary embolism.
422. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 947–948.) By far the most likely
cause of the oliguria observed in this patient is hypovolemia. Volume status
would be best assessed by floating a Swan-Ganz catheter to measure the
preload pressures in the left atrium (by inference from the pulmonary capillary wedge pressures). Patients who have had a leaking aneurysm and
then a long, usually difficult operation with large surgical fields that collect
“third-space” fluids may be intravascularly depleted despite large volumes
of intravenous fluid and blood replacement. The proper management usually involves titrating the cardiac output by providing as much fluid as necessary to keep the wedge pressures near 15 mm Hg. The other studies
listed might become useful if urinary flow remains depressed after optimal
cardiac output has been achieved, but in view of the probability of hypovolemia, they are not indicated as a first diagnostic study.
423. The answer is d. (Schroeder, Surg Gynecol Obstet 160:299–303, 1985.
Schwartz, 7/e, p 948.) Viability of the colon can be evaluated intraoperatively by Doppler auscultation of the bowel mesentery and serosa, observa277
278
Surgery
tion of bowel peristalsis, and measurement of the IMA stump pressure. A
strong, pulsatile Doppler signal in the mesentery; active sigmoid peristalsis;
a chronically occluded IMA; or a patent IMA with stump pressure greater
than 40 mm Hg presage viability of the sigmoid colon postoperatively.
However, none of these observations excludes the possibility of late sigmoid ischemia. Serial postoperative sigmoidoscopic examination is the
best predictor of ischemic colitis and in experienced hands allows assessment of the depth of ischemic injury before frank perforation has occurred.
Barium enema is not as accurate as sigmoidoscopy in determining depth of
injury and carries grave risks of contamination by barium and feces if perforation occurs.
424. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1028–1030.) This patient is at
high risk for developing cellulitis of her right foot because her underlying
problem is unilateral primary lymphedema. Hypoplasia of the lymphatic
system of the lower extremity accounts for greater than 90% of patients
with primary lymphedema. If edema is present at birth it is referred to as
congenital; if it starts early in life (as in this woman) it is called praecox;
and if it appears after age 35 it is tarda. The inadequacy of the lymphatic
system accounts for the repeated episodes of cellulitis that these patients
experience. Swelling is not seen with acute arterial insufficiency or with
popliteal entrapment syndrome. Deep venous thrombophlebitis will result
in tenderness and is generally not a predisposing factor for cellulitis of the
foot.
425. The answer is d. (Brewster, Surgery 109:447–457, 1991.) The CT
scan reveals a fractured ring of calcification in the abdominal aorta with significant density in the paraaortic area. The inferior mesenteric artery (IMA)
is always at risk in patients with the changes in the vessel wall characteristic of abdominal aneurysms, but particularly so in the presence of rupture
and retroperitoneal dissection of blood under systemic arterial pressures.
The incidence of ischemic colitis following abdominal aortic resection is
about 2%. Blood flow to the left colon normally derives from the IMA with
collateral flow from the middle and inferior hemorrhoidal vessels. The
superior mesenteric artery (SMA) may also contribute via the marginal
artery of Drummond. If the SMA is stenotic or occluded, flow to the left
colon will be primarily dependent on an intact IMA. The IMA is usually ligated at the time of aneurysmorrhaphy. Those patients at highest risk for
Peripheral Vascular Problems
Answers
279
diminished flow through collateral vessels are those with a history of visceral angina, those found to have a patent IMA at the time of operation,
patients who have suffered an episode of hypotension following rupture of
an aneurysm, those in whom preoperative angiograms reveal occlusion of
the SMA, and those in whom Doppler flow signals along the mesenteric
border cease following occlusion of the IMA. Recognition of bowel
ischemia at the time of operation should be treated by reimplantation of the
IMA into the graft to restore flow.
426. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 957–964.) The angiogram presented in the question demonstrates an isolated segment of atherosclerotic
occlusion of the superficial femoral artery. Patients who have isolated
femoropopliteal disease tend to be smokers, whereas those who have isolated tibioperoneal disease frequently are diabetic. Hypertension and
hyperlipidemia predispose to accelerated atherosclerosis. On the other
hand, type I hyperlipoproteinemia (hyperchylomicronemia), which is associated with dramatic levels of plasma triglyceride and formation of xanthomas, does not cause accelerated vascular disease.
427. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 941–944.) Most abdominal aortic aneurysms are asymptomatic and are discovered on palpation by a
physician. A radiograph of the abdomen is useful in demonstrating the
aneurysm if there is calcification in the walls. Ultrasound is generally the
first diagnostic procedure in confirming the presence of an aneurysm, with
arteriography being performed if the aneurysm is considered large enough
to require resection (greater than 5 cm in diameter). Recently CT scan has
been found to be useful as a preoperative study in patients suspected of
having aneurysms. Surgery should be performed despite the absence of
symptoms and can be carried out with a mortality of less than 5%. With
leaking or ruptured aneurysms, the operative mortality associated with this
emergency situation is upward of 75%. The patient’s age is not a contraindication to surgery, because several studies have demonstrated a low
mortality (less than 5%) and satisfactory long-term survival and quality of
life in elderly, even octogenarian, patients.
428. The answer is b. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1751–1752.) Doppler ultrasonography (duplex) has become the best initial test for screening patients
with carotid disease. It has become a highly accurate test, often obviating
280
Surgery
the need for carotid arteriography prior to carotid endarterectomy. Carotid
arteriography remains the “gold standard” when quantifying the degree of
carotid stenosis, but it is usually performed after noninvasive testing suggests significant stenosis. Spiral CT angiography is a new noninvasive
modality that has been used to evaluate many segments of the vascular tree,
but as yet its accuracy does not approach that of standard arteriography
and it would certainly not be used in the initial evaluation of a patient with
an asymptomatic bruit. Magnetic resonance arteriography (MRA) is also a
relatively new modality that has enjoyed moderate success in the investigation of carotid disease. Although not quite as accurate as standard arteriography, it has been used in conjunction with the duplex as a complementary
study. Once again, because of its cost, MRA would not be used as the primary screening modality. Transcranial Doppler studies are used to assess
the intracranial vasculature.
429. The answer is d. (Executive Committee, JAMA 273:1421–1428,
1995.) In a recent prospective, randomized, multicenter trial involving
1662 patients in a study known as the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study, patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis of 60% or
greater reduction in diameter and whose general health made them good
candidates for elective surgery were found to have a significant reduction
in the 5-year risk for ipsilateral stroke with surgery compared with medically treated cohorts (5.1 vs. 11.0%). Medically treated patients were
treated with aspirin on a daily basis. Warfarin has not been shown to be
effective in the management of patients with carotid disease. Angioplasty of
carotid stenoses is being performed in some institutions on a purely investigational basis and to date has not replaced surgery as the treatment for
high-grade carotid stenoses.
430. The answer is d. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1640–1642.) This case illustrates two (among many) conditions that lead to the anterior compartment
syndrome, namely, acute arterial occlusion without collateral inflow and
rapid reperfusion of ischemic muscle. Treatment for a compartment syndrome is prompt fasciotomy. Assessing a compartment syndrome and proceeding with fasciotomy are generally based on clinical judgment. Inability
to dorsiflex the toes is a grave sign of anterior compartment ischemia. EMG
studies and compartment pressure measurements would probably be
abnormal, but are unnecessary in view of the known findings and would
Peripheral Vascular Problems
Answers
281
delay treatment. Mere elevation of the leg would be an ineffective means of
relieving compartment pressure, although elevation should accompany
fasciotomy. Application of a splint has no role in the acute management of
this problem.
431. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1715–1718.) The major threat
to patients with arterial occlusive disease is limb loss. Ischemic ulceration,
neuropathy, rest pain, and gangrene represent advanced stages of arterial
insufficiency and warrant reconstructive surgery whenever clinically feasible. Claudication, in most cases, reflects mild ischemia; the majority of
affected patients are successfully managed without surgery (only 2.5%
develop gangrene). Most will stabilize or improve with development of
increased collateral blood flow following institution of a program of daily
exercise, cessation of smoking, and weight loss. Vasodilator drugs have
been shown to have little benefit in the conservative management of intermittent claudication.
432. The answer is a. (Willerson, Am J Cardiol 67:12A–18A, 1991.)
Aspirin exerts an antiplatelet effect that will last for the life of the platelet
(approximately 7–10 days). Patients who take aspirin will experience its
effect for 7–10 days after stopping the medication. Aspirin interferes with
platelet function by inhibiting the synthesis of thromboxane A2 and the
subsequent production of prostaglandins. The platelet does not have a
nucleus and thus cannot remanufacture the prostaglandins necessary for its
functioning. Antiplatelet agents are generally used to prevent thrombotic
and embolic events on the arterial side of the circulation. The Canadian
Cooperative Study has shown antiplatelet therapy to be effective in preventing strokes in men with carotid artery disease, but it is not used to treat
thrombophlebitis in the deep venous system. Antiplatelet therapy has been
shown to increase graft patency rates following coronary artery bypass
grafting if the medication is started preoperatively and continued postoperatively.
433. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 965, 971.) Atherosclerotic occlusion of the subclavian artery proximal to the vertebral artery is the
anatomic situation that results in the subclavian steal syndrome. On being
subjected to exercise, the involved extremity (usually left) develops relative
ischemia, which gives rise to reversal of flow through the vertebral artery
282
Surgery
with consequent diminished flow to the brain. The upper extremity symptom is intermittent claudication. Venous occlusive disease is not a feature
of the syndrome. The operative procedure for treating the subclavian steal
syndrome consists of delivering blood to the extremity by creating either a
carotid-subclavian bypass or a subclavian-carotid transposition.
434. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 957–961.) The slow progression
of aortoiliac atherosclerotic occlusive disease is usually associated with the
development of collateral flow through the lumbar branches of the aorta,
anastomosing via retroperitoneal branches of the gluteal arteries with the
profunda femoris arteries in the legs. This network of collateral vessels provides sufficient blood flow to nourish the extremities at rest but cannot prevent claudication of the upper and lower muscle groups of the leg during
exercise. Sexual impotence, also part of the Leriche syndrome, is believed
to be a result of bilateral stenosis or occlusion of the hypogastric (internal
iliac) arteries. Retrograde ejaculation can occur after disruption of the sympathetic chain overlying the distal aorta and left iliac and can occur after
dissection around these vessels during vascular reconstructions. Gangrene
of the feet or toes is rarely seen unless distal embolization of atherosclerotic
material from the aorta occludes the pedal or digital arteries. Dependent
rubor is usually a sign of significant ischemia resulting from lower extremity occlusive and not aortoiliac disease. Causalgia or reflex sympathetic
dystrophy is a disorder of the sympathetic nervous system that can affect
the upper or lower extremities.
435. The answer is d. (Boucher, N Engl J Med 312:389–394, 1985. Pasternack, Circulation 72:13–17, 1985.) The occurrence of perioperative ischemic
cardiac events among patients undergoing peripheral vascular reconstruction has been found to correlate with gated blood pool ejection fractions of
35% or less and with reversible perfusion defects (thallium redistribution)
on dipyridamole-thallium imaging. Ischemic rest pain or early onset of
claudication after minimal exercise limits the effectiveness of stress testing
as a screening procedure for occult coronary artery disease in this group of
patients. Screening coronary angiography, followed by angioplasty or
bypass of asymptomatic lesions, had an adverse effect on patient survival in
a large prospective study of patients who had peripheral vascular surgery.
Transesophageal echocardiography has no role in the preoperative screening of peripheral vascular patients.
Peripheral Vascular Problems
Answers
283
436. The answer is c. (Belkin, Surgery 212:769–773, 1986. Eisbud, Am J
Surg 160:160–165, 1990.) Management of acute graft occlusion must
include both reestablishment of peripheral perfusion and correction of any
underlying hemodynamic problem. Urokinase is associated with fewer
allergic reactions than streptokinase and is the preferred thrombolytic
agent. Treatment results in total clot lysis in 75% of patients. However, high
reocclusion rates are observed (20% within 1 year) even if angioplasty or
anastomotic revision is performed after successful lysis. Without surgical
revision following clot lysis, a 50% reocclusion rate is expected within 3
mo. Urokinase has proved equally successful in opening both vein and
prosthetic graft thromboses.
437. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 953–954.) The heart is the most
common source of arterial emboli and accounts for 90% of cases. Within
the heart, sources include diseased valves, endocarditis, the left atrium in
patients with unstable atrial arrhythmias, and mural thrombus on the wall
of the left ventricle in patients with a myocardial infarction. The diagnosis
in this patient is clear, and therefore neither noninvasive testing nor arteriography is indicated. Arteriography in fact may also prove to be too stressful for a patient undergoing an acute myocardial infarction. Embolectomy
of the femoral artery can be performed under local anesthesia with minimal
risk to the patient. Emboli typically lodge in one femoral artery; contralateral exploration is not indicated in the absence of signs or symptoms. One
should always prepare the contralateral groin in case flow is not restored
via simple thrombectomy and femoral-femoral bypass is needed to provide
inflow to the affected limb.
438. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 949–950.) Popliteal aneurysms
are usually due to atherosclerosis, are bilateral 25% of the time, and require
excision even if asymptomatic. Because of the risk of embolization
(60–70%) and thrombosis with resultant gangrene, as well as the lesser risk
of rupture, all of which lead to substantial likelihood of limb loss, even relatively small, asymptomatic aneurysms should be excised when discovered. Rupture of the aneurysm can occur but is an uncommon presentation
compared with embolization.
439. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 961–964.) This patient has occlusion of the right superficial femoral artery caused by atherosclerosis, and
284
Surgery
this is confirmed by both the physical examination and the flow study findings, which indicate a sharp decrease in the blood pressure below the level
of the common femoral artery. Fewer than 10% of patients with claudication
progress to gangrene and the need for amputation. Operative therapy would
not be suggested at this time because it is quite likely that with cessation of
cigarette smoking and adherence to an exercise program, the patient could
markedly improve his walking radius as collateral vessels enlarge to deliver
more blood to the affected tissues. Operative therapy (femoropopliteal
bypass) would be indicated at this time in this patient only if symptoms of
rest pain or ischemic ulceration were present. Physical examination and
flow studies indicate disease distal to the aortoiliac distribution.
440. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 1014.) The Greenfield filter pictured on the x-ray is used to interrupt migration of emboli to the lungs
from the veins below the level of the filter. It is indicated in patients who
sustain a recurrent pulmonary embolus despite adequate anticoagulant
therapy or in patients with pulmonary emboli who cannot receive anticoagulants because of a contraindication (e.g., bleeding ulcer, intracranial
hemorrhage). The filter is not used in patients who sustain a single pulmonary embolus. It is placed in the inferior vena cava just below the renal
veins and therefore would not be effective for emboli that arise cephalad to
its position. Despite the hypercoagulable state seen in some patients with
metastatic pancreatic cancer, anticoagulation can still be used as a first-line
defense.
441. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 966–968.) Abdominal pain out
of proportion to findings on physical examination is characteristic of
intestinal ischemia. The etiology of ischemia may be embolic or thrombotic
occlusion of the mesenteric vessels or nonocclusive ischemia due to a low
cardiac index or mesenteric vasospasm. Differentiation among these etiologies is best made by mesenteric angiography. While not without serious
risks, angiography also offers the possibility of direct infusion of vasodilators into the mesenteric vasculature in the setting of nonocclusive
ischemia. This patient, with a recent myocardial infarction and a low cardiac index, is at risk for embolism of clot from a left ventricle mural thrombus as well as “low-flow” mesenteric ischemia. If embolism or thrombosis
is found angiographically (usually involving the superior mesenteric
artery), operative embolectomy or vascular bypass is indicated to restore
Peripheral Vascular Problems
Answers
285
flow. If occlusive disease cannot be demonstrated, efforts should be made
to simultaneously increase cardiac output with inotropic agents and dilate
the mesenteric vascular bed by angiographic instillation of papaverine,
nitrates, or calcium channel blockers. Computed tomography is not helpful in delineating the cause of intestinal ischemia because it does not provide a sufficiently detailed image of the mesenteric vessels. Laparoscopy
might secure the diagnosis of intestinal ischemia, but requires administering general anesthesia and would shed no light on the etiology of this
patient’s problem. Flexible sigmoidoscopy, while useful in patients with
ischemic colitis, has no role in the workup of mesenteric ischemia, which
primarily involves the small intestine and right colon. Serum lactate is
helpful in raising the suspicion of intestinal ischemia, but no absolute level
should be used to decide whether or not to explore a patient.
442. The answer is c. (O’Hara, J Vasc Surg 17:940–947, 1993.) A horseshoe kidney is a fused kidney that occupies space on both sides of the vertebral column. The fusion is ordinarily at the lower poles with the isthmus
anterior to the aorta. The ureters run anterior to the isthmus and the kidney frequently has an anomalous blood supply. The arterial supply to the
kidney is highly variable with vessels arising not only from the normal
position in the aorta but also from a variable number of accessory segmental end-arteries from the lower aorta and iliac arteries. Most cases of
abdominal aortic aneurysm associated with a horseshoe kidney can be successfully resected, but these anomalies make the repair challenging. When
the horseshoe kidney is recognized preoperatively, an arteriogram helps to
define the vascular anatomy. The preferred operative approach is then via a
retroperitoneal dissection. This allows the kidney and its collecting system
to be swept anteromedially and provides relatively unobstructed access to
the aneurysm. All anomalous renal arteries should be implanted into the
graft after the aneurysm sac is opened since the proportionate contribution
from each may be hard to determine.
The renal isthmus and collecting system restrict access to the
aneurysm and make the anterior approach less desirable. Though division
of the isthmus can be accomplished, there is high risk of calyceal or
ureteral injury. Given the numerous arterial, venous, and collecting system
anomalies, autotransplantation of the kidney is not a good option. The
presence of the fresh intravascular foreign body (aortic graft) contraindicates dialysis because of the excessive risk of infecting the graft.
286
Surgery
443. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 1009.) Doppler analysis and
B-mode ultrasonography (duplex scan) has virtually replaced venography
as the first diagnostic test in the evaluation of deep venous thrombosis. The
duplex scanning device is portable and therefore the study is easily performed at the bedside, in a vascular laboratory, or in a radiology suite. It is
completely noninvasive, painless, and safe. Venography, however, must be
performed in a radiology suite, and requires the use of an intravenous contrast medium that is painful upon injection and is itself thrombogenic.
Incompetent deep, superficial, and perforating veins can be accurately
identified by either venography or duplex scan. Both venography and
duplex scan are highly accurate in diagnosing deep venous thrombi that
may result in pulmonary embolism. But, significantly, contrast venography
does not provide information regarding the proximal extent of an
iliofemoral thrombus when it fails to fill the deep femoral system due to
total occlusion by blood clot.
444–445. The answers are 444-a, e, f; 445-a, b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp
957–961.) The arteriogram shown demonstrates a left iliac artery occlusion.
In a patient with severe symptoms that are interfering with his lifestyle,
intervention is indicated. In the young healthy patient with iliac artery
occlusive disease, when angioplasty is not a treatment option, femorofemoral and aortoiliac bypasses offer excellent long-term relief. Femorofemoral bypass offers the additional benefit of not disturbing sexual
function. Both bypasses provide similar long-term patencies. Aortobifemoral bypass, while clearly the most risky of the treatment options
offered, provides the best long-term patency.
In the elderly patient with severe COPD, so-called extraanatomic
bypasses (femorofemoral or axillofemoral bypasses) offer fair long-term
patencies while not subjecting the patient to the risks of general anesthesia.
UROLOGY
Questions
DIRECTIONS: Each item below contains a question or incomplete
statement followed by suggested responses. Select the one best response to
each question.
446. Initial management of a patient who has a flaccid neurogenic
bladder may include which of the
following measures?
448. The recommended treatment
for stage A (superficial and submucosal) transitional cell carcinoma of
the bladder is
a.
b.
c.
d.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Surgical bladder augmentation
Self-catheterization
Supravesical urinary diversion
Limiting fluid intake to less than
300 mL/day
e. Transurethral resection of the bladder neck
447. Which of the following statements regarding hypospadias is
correct?
a. It is often associated with chordee
(ventral curvature of the penis)
b. It is associated with undescended
testes in more than 50% of cases
c. It is a rare fusion defect of the posterior male urethra
d. It occurs sporadically, without evidence of familial inheritance
e. The most common location is
penoscrotal
Local excision
Radical cystectomy
Radiation therapy
Topical (intravesicular) chemotherapy
e. Systemic chemotherapy
449. A 36-year-old man presents
to the emergency room with renal
colic. A radiograph reveals a 1.5cm stone. Which of the following
statements regarding this disorder
is correct?
a. Conservative treatment including
hydration and analgesics will not
result in a satisfactory outcome
b. Serial kidney, ureter, bladder (KUB)
radiographs should be used to follow this patient
c. The urinalysis will nearly always
reveal microhematuria
d. When the acute event is correctly
treated, this disease seldom recurs
e. Elevated BUN and creatinine are
expected
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450. Optimal management of bilateral undescended testicles in an
infant is
a. Immediate surgical placement into
the scrotum
b. Chorionic gonadotropin therapy
for 1 mo; operative placement into
the scrotum before age 1 if descent
has not occurred
c. Observation until the child is 2
years old because delayed descent
is common
d. Observation until age 5; if no
descent by then, plastic surgical
scrotal prostheses before the child
enters school
e. No therapy; reassurance of the parent that full masculinization and
normal spermatogenesis are likely
even if the testicle does not fully
descend
451. Seminoma is accurately described by which of the following
statements?
a. It is the most common type of testicular cancer
b. Metastases to liver and bone are frequently found
c. It does not respond to radiation
d. The 5-year survival rate approaches
50%
e. Common presentation is that of a
painful lump that transilluminates
452. A 10-year-old boy presents to
the emergency room with testicular
pain of 5 h duration. The pain was
of acute onset and woke the patient
from sleep. On physical examination, he is noted to have a highriding, indurated, and markedly
tender left testis. Pain is not diminished by elevation. Urinalysis is
unremarkable. Which of the following statements regarding the
patient’s diagnosis and treatment is
true?
a. There is a strong likelihood that
this patient’s father or brother has
had or will have a similar event
b. Operation should be delayed until
a technetium scan clarifies the diagnosis
c. The majority of testicles that have
undergone torsion can be salvaged
if surgery is performed within 24 h
d. If torsion is found, both testes
should undergo orchiopexy
e. The differential diagnosis includes
spermatocele
453. Genitourinary tuberculosis
in a male patient is suggested by
which of the following findings?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Microscopic hematuria
Bacteriuria without pyuria
Unilateral renal cysts
Painful swelling of the epididymis
Pneumaturia
Urology
454. Which of the following statements regarding carcinoma of the
prostate is true?
a. It has a higher incidence among
American blacks than other American ethnic groups
b. A single microscopic focus of prostate cancer discovered on transurethral resection of the prostate
(TURP) is an indication for radical
prostatectomy
c. It arises initially in the gland’s central portion
d. It commonly produces osteoclastic
bony metastases
e. Screening for prostate-specific antigen, although easily done, offers
no advantage over simple rectal
examination in the detection of the
disease
455. Which of the following statements regarding benign prostatic
hyperplasia (BPH) is true?
a. The fibrostromal proliferation of
BPH occurs mainly in the outer
portion of the gland
b. Assuming a voided volume greater
than 100 mL, a peak urine flow rate
of 30 mL/s or less is good evidence
of outflow obstruction
c. Suprapubic prostatectomy for BPH
involves enucleation of the entire
prostate and eliminates the risk of
future prostate cancer
d. Indications for surgery include
acute urinary retention and recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)
e. BPH is a risk factor for the development of prostatic cancer
289
456. During the course of an operation on an unstable, critically ill
patient, the left ureter is lacerated
through 50% of its circumference.
If the patient’s condition is felt to be
too serious to allow time for definitive repair, alternative methods of
management include
a. Ligation of the injured ureter and
ipsilateral nephrostomy
b. Ipsilateral nephrectomy
c. Placement of a catheter from the
distal ureter through an abdominal
wall stab wound
d. Placement of a suction drain adjacent to the injury without further
manipulation that might convert
the partial laceration into a complete disruption
e. Bringing the proximal ureter up to
the skin as a ureterostomy
290
Surgery
457. A pedestrian is hit by a
speeding car. Radiologic studies
obtained in the emergency room,
including a retrograde urethrogram, are consistent with a pelvic
fracture with a rupture of the urethra superior to the urogenital
diaphragm. Management should
consist of
a. Immediate percutaneous nephrostomy
b. Immediate placement of a Foley
catheter through the urethra into
the bladder to align and stent the
injured portions
c. Immediate reconstruction of the
ruptured urethra after initial stabilization of the patient
d. Immediate exploration of the pelvis
for control of hemorrhage from
pelvic fracture and drainage of the
pelvic hematoma
e. Immediate placement of a suprapubic cystostomy tube
UROLOGY
Answers
446. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1759, 1768–1769.) Patients who
have a lower motor neuron lesion (flaccid neurogenic bladder) can usually
be managed by conservative measures that prevent the development of a
large residual urine volume in the bladder. These measures include intermittent self-catheterization and scheduled voiding with increased abdominal pressure provided by the Valsalva maneuver or manual pressure on the
abdomen. Detrusor contractions can sometimes be strengthened by
parasympathomimetic agents such as bethanechol chloride (Urecholine).
Bladder augmentation to increase capacitance, bladder neck resection to
reduce outlet obstruction, and supravesicle ureteral diversion are indicated
only in the presence of deterioration of bladder compliance or gross ureterocalyxectasis that resists the foregoing measures and threatens the loss of
renal function or debilitating urinary incontinence. Severely restricting
fluid intake is impractical and may promote formation of calculi.
447. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1813–1815.) Hypospadias is a
common congenital anomaly of the penis resulting from incomplete development of the anterior urethra. It occurs in about 1 in 300 live births and
is believed to have a multifactorial genetic mode of inheritance. Of those
with hypospadias, about 7% have a father with the disorder, 14% a brother,
and 20% a second family member. Hypospadias occurs in the corona in
about 75% of cases, where it is often accompanied by chordee. Undescended testes occur in about 10% of cases of hypospadias, as do inguinal
hernias. Hypospadias in the scrotal area is associated with bilateral undescended testes and infertility and must be differentiated from pseudohermaphroditism and adrenogenital syndrome.
448. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1792–1793.) Bladder cancer
represents 2% of all cancers, and 90% of bladder cancers are of transitional
cell origin. It is most prevalent among men with a heavy smoking history
and is usually multifocal and superficial, even when recurrent. When the
disease is still superficial, transurethral resection of visible lesions and
291
292
Surgery
intravesicular chemotherapy are most often recommended. More radical
surgical extirpation is reserved for advanced stages of the disease.
449. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1774–1784.) Initial management
should include hydration and analgesics. However, as the stone is larger
than 1 cm, it is unlikely to pass spontaneously, though stones smaller than
0.5 cm usually do pass spontaneously. The size of the stone also makes a
high-grade obstruction more likely; therefore an intravenous pyelogram
(IVP) must be urgently performed. A high-grade obstruction will require
nephrostomy or the passage of a ureteral stent. If the stone is completely
occluding the lumen of the ureter, the urinalysis may not show microhematuria and thus may be misleading. Approximately 15% of patients
will have a recurrence within 1 year, and almost 50% may have a recurrence within 4 years. Elevated BUN and creatinine are expected only in the
setting of an obstructed single functioning kidney.
450. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1744–1745, 1810–1811.) By the
second year, a testicle not in the cooler environment of the scrotal sac will
begin to undergo histologic changes characterized by reduced spermatogonia. Testicles left longer in the undescended state not only have a higher
incidence of malignant degeneration, but are inaccessible for examination.
If a malignancy should occur, diagnosis will be delayed. There is also a
substantial psychological burden when children reach school age or are
otherwise subjected to exposure of their deformed genitalia. Gel-filled
prostheses are generally inserted when a testicle cannot be placed in the
scrotum. Close follow-up by a physician until the late teens is indicated in
all patients who have had an undescended testicle. Since these patients
may be at increased risk for malignancy throughout life, careful training
should be given in self-examination.
451. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1794–1795.) Seminomas tend to
grow slowly and metastasize late. They usually present as a nonpainful
lump that does not transilluminate. They represent about 40% of malignant testicular tumors; embryonal cell carcinoma and teratocarcinoma
each represent about 25%. Because most tumors have mixed elements,
they are usually classified according to the most malignant cell type
encountered, whatever the predominant cell type. When metastases occur,
they are usually along the regional lymphatic drainage pathways to the
Urology
Answers
293
iliac, aortic, and renal lymph nodes. Because of their slow growth and
radiosensitivity, seminomas are associated with a 90% 5-year survival rate.
Therapy generally consists of removing the affected testis and sampling the
lymph nodes (usually external iliac) for evidence of metastasis. If metastases are present, radiation therapy is given locally to areas of known
involvement. Radiation therapy is highly effective in seminoma, and
metastatic disease may be palliated for extended periods.
452. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1812–1813.) Testicular torsion
occurs commonly in adolescents. The underlying pathology is secondary
to an abnormally narrowed testicular mesentery with tunica vaginalis surrounding the testis and epididymis in a “bell-clapper” deformity. As the
testis twists, it comes to lie in a higher position within the scrotum. Urinalysis is usually negative. Elevation will not provide a decrease in pain (negative Prehn sign); a positive Prehn sign might indicate epididymitis. A 99mTc
pertechnetate scan may be helpful in clarifying a confusing case; however,
operation should not be delayed beyond 4 h from the time of onset of
symptoms in order to maximize testicular salvage. This patient’s presentation warrants immediate operation. The salvage rate for delay greater than
12 h is less than 20%. Both the affected and unaffected testes should
undergo orchiopexy. The differential diagnosis between torsion of the testicle and epididymitis is sometimes quite difficult. On occasion, one has to
explore a patient with epididymitis just to rule out a torsion of the testicle.
Epididymitis usually occurs in sexually active males. Urinalysis is usually
positive for inflammatory cells, and urethral discharge is often present.
Spermatocele is a cyst of an efferent ductule of the rete testis. It presents as
a painless transilluminable cystic mass that is separate from the testes.
453. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1773–1774.) Genitourinary
tuberculosis develops from reactivation of foci in the renal cortex or
prostate that were hematogenously seeded during the primary (usually
asymptomatic) pulmonary infection. Local spread from the renal and prostatic sites can lead to involvement of the calyx, ureter, bladder, vas deferens, epididymis, and (rarely) the testis. A low-grade inflammatory response
results in hematuria or pyuria without bacteriuria. Whenever pus cells are
seen on routine urine culture without bacteria on smear or culture plate,
genitourinary tuberculosis should be considered. The end result of focal
caseation necrosis in the kidney may be scarring and dystrophic calcifica-
294
Surgery
tion. Genital tract infection often causes an asymptomatic swelling in the
epididymis; secondary infection or formation of a sinus tract to the scrotal
skin may cause more dramatic signs and symptoms. Epididymal tuberculosis is usually managed by chemotherapy, with surgery reserved for refractory cases. Pneumaturia is associated with a colovesical fistula and not with
genitourinary tuberculosis.
454. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1793–1795.) One of the most
frequent causes of male cancer deaths, prostate cancer has an incidence of
more than 75,000 new cases per year in the United States. American blacks
appear to have a 50% higher incidence and mortality. Prostate cancer (adenocarcinoma) arises initially in the periphery of the gland. Therefore, one
of the best screening tests is careful rectal examination. However, the use of
screening for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has increased the detection
rate fourfold. Spread is by direct local extension and by lymphatic and vascular channels. The most common locations of distant metastases are in the
axial skeleton with osteoblastic bony lesions. A single focus of disease discovered on TURP or simple prostatectomy is considered stage A1. Only 2%
of patients have unsuspected nodes (i.e., only 2% 5- to 10-year mortality).
Therefore, no definitive therapy is required except possibly in patients less
than 60 years old. Follow-up should be undertaken and progression of disease may be treated as necessary. Several foci or diffuse disease is considered stage A2 and surgery or radiation therapy is generally indicated.
455. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1784–1788.) In contrast to
prostate cancer, BPH arises first in the periurethral prostate tissue as a
fibrostromal proliferation. As the periurethral prostate grows, the outer
prostate glands are compressed against the true prostatic capsule, which
results in a thick pseudocapsule. As the prostate enlarges, it encroaches on
the urethra and causes urinary outflow obstruction. Obstructive symptoms
include decreased force of stream, hesitancy, recurrent UTIs, and occasionally acute urinary retention; the latter two are indications for surgery. Uroflow
is the best noninvasive method of estimating the degree of outlet obstruction.
Flow less than 10 mL/s is good evidence of significant obstruction. The major
treatments for BPH are surgical. Simple prostatectomy involves shelling out
the prostate adenoma and leaving the pseudocapsule (true prostate) behind.
Therefore, these patients are still at risk of developing prostate cancer
although BPH in and of itself is not a risk factor for prostatic cancer.
Urology
Answers
295
456. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1800–1801.) If time and the
patient’s condition permit, primary ureteral reconstruction should be carried out. In the middle third of the ureter, this will usually consist of
ureteroureterostomy using absorbable sutures over a stent. If the injury
involves the upper third, ureteropyeloplasty may be necessary. In the lower
third, ureteral implantation into the bladder using a tunneling technique is
preferred. If time does not permit definitive repair, suction drainage adjacent to the injured segment alone is inadequate; either ligation and
nephrostomy or placement of a catheter into the proximal ureter is an
acceptable alternative that would allow reconstruction to be performed
later. The creation of a watertight seal is difficult and nephrectomy may be
required if the injury occurs during a procedure in which a vascular prosthesis is being implanted (e.g., an aortic reconstructive procedure) and
contamination of the foreign body by urine must be avoided.
457. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1804–1807.) If a rupture of the
urethra is suspected, a retrograde urethrogram should be obtained before
any attempts are made to place a Foley catheter, as efforts to do so may
result in the creation of multiple false passages or conversion of a partial
laceration into complete rupture. Previously, treatment had included
attempts to realign the urethra immediately through the placement of
interlocking sounds and traction using either a catheter passed over the
sounds or perineal traction sutures through the bladder neck. Preferred
treatment currently avoids both dissection into the pelvic hematoma surrounding the disruption and manipulation of the urethra; instead, only a
suprapubic tube is placed immediately with delayed reconstruction after
3–6 mo, at which time the hematoma will have resolved and the prostate
will have descended into the proximity of the urogenital diaphragm. Percutaneous nephrostomy has no role in the management of this problem.
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ORTHOPEDICS
Questions
DIRECTIONS: Each item below contains a question or incomplete
statement followed by suggested responses. Select the one best response to
each question.
458. Meniscal tears usually result
from which of the following circumstances?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Hyperextension
Flexion and rotation
Simple hyperflexion
Compression
Femoral condylar fracture
459. Volkmann’s ischemic contracture is associated with
a. Intertrochanteric femoral fracture
b. Supracondylar fracture of the humerus
c. Posterior dislocation of the knee
d. Traumatic shoulder separation
e. Colles “silver fork” fracture
460. In an uncomplicated dislocation of the glenohumeral joint, the
humeral head usually dislocates
primarily in which of the following
directions?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Anteriorly
Superiorly
Posteriorly
Laterally
Medially
461. The most severe epiphyseal
growth disturbance is likely to
result from which of the following
types of fracture?
a. Fracture dislocation of a joint adjacent to an epiphysis
b. Fracture through the articular cartilage extending into the epiphysis
c. Transverse fracture of the bone
shaft on the metaphyseal side of the
epiphysis
d. Separation of the epiphysis at the
diaphyseal side of the growth plate
e. Crushing injury compressing the
growth plate
462. Which of the following fractures is most commonly seen in
healthy bones subjected to violent
falls?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Colles fracture
Femoral neck fracture
Intertrochanteric fracture
Clavicular fracture
Vertebral compression fracture
297
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Surgery
463. Which nerve is most at risk
in the injury in the accompanying
radiograph?
465. Which of the following
statements regarding compartment
syndromes following orthopedic
injuries is true?
a. The first sign is usually loss of pulse
in the extremity
b. Passive flexion of the extremity
proximal to the involved compartment will aggravate the pain
c. Surgical decompression (fasciectomy) is necessary only as a last
resort
d. These syndromes are most commonly associated with supracondylar fractures of the humerus and
tibial shaft
e. The syndrome is often painless
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Median nerve
Radial nerve
Posterior interosseous nerve
Ulnar nerve
Ascending circumflex brachial nerve
464. In a failed suicide gesture, a
depressed student severs her radial
nerve at the wrist. The expected
disability is
a. Loss of ability to extend the wrist
b. Loss of ability to flex the wrist
c. Wasting of the intrinsic muscles of
the hand
d. Sensory loss over the thenar pad
and the thumb web
e. Palmar insensitivity
466. In contrast to closed reduction, open reduction of a fracture
a. Produces a shorter healing time
b. Decreases trauma to the fracture
site
c. Produces a higher incidence of
nonunion
d. Reduces the risk of infection
e. Requires longer periods of immobilization
Orthopedics
299
DIRECTIONS: Each group of questions below consists of lettered
options followed by numbered items. For each numbered item, select the
appropriate lettered option(s). Each lettered option may be used once,
more than once, or not at all. Choose exactly the number of options
indicated following each item.
Items 467–470
Items 471–474
For each description below,
select the type of fracture or dislocation with which it is most likely
to be associated.
For each description below,
select the type of bone disease with
which it is most likely to be associated.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Navicular (scaphoid) fracture
Monteggia’s deformity
Greenstick fracture
Spiral fracture
Posterior shoulder dislocation
467. Epileptiform convulsion may
be a cause. (SELECT 1 INJURY)
468. Avascular necrosis is not
uncommon. (SELECT 1 INJURY)
469. The radial head is dislocated
and the proximal third of the ulna
is fractured. (SELECT 1 INJURY)
470. Tenderness in the anatomist’s
snuffbox may be observed. (SELECT 1 INJURY)
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Osteopetrosis
Osteitis fibrosa cystica
Osteomalacia
Osteitis deformans
471. Association with hyperparathyroidism (SELECT 1 DISEASE)
472. A defect in the mineralization
of adult bone secondary to abnormalities in vitamin D metabolism
(SELECT 1 DISEASE)
473. Genetically determined disorder in the structure or processing
of type I collagen (SELECT 1 DISEASE)
474. Synonym for Paget’s disease
(SELECT 1 DISEASE)
300
Surgery
Items 475–477
For each description below,
select the type of bone lesion with
which it is most likely to be associated.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Osteoma
Osteoid osteoma
Osteoblastoma
Osteosarcoma
Paget’s disease
Ewing’s sarcoma
475. An 11-year-old boy presents
with pain in his right leg. A radiograph shows a “sunburst” appearance with bone destruction, soft
tissue mass, new bone formation,
and sclerosis limited to the metaphysis of the lower femur. (SELECT
1 LESION)
476. A 25-year-old man presents
with severe pain in the left femur.
The pain is relieved by aspirin. On
plain film, a 0.5-cm lucent lesion,
which is surrounded by marked
reactive sclerosis, is seen. (SELECT 1 LESION)
477. A 12-year-old boy complains
of pain in his left leg that is worse at
night. He has been experiencing
fevers and also has a 9-lb weight
loss. X-ray demonstrates an aggressive lesion with a permeative pattern of bone lysis and periosteal
reaction. There is an associated
large soft tissue mass as well.
Pathology demonstrates the tumor
to be of the round cell type.
(SELECT 1 LESION)
ORTHOPEDICS
Answers
458. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1979–1980.) Most meniscal
tears are produced by flexion and rapid rotation. A classic example (“football knee”) involves a player who is hit while running. The knee, supporting all the player’s weight, usually is slightly flexed, and the foot is
anchored to the ground by cleats. Impact from an opposing player usually
causes rotation almost entirely restricted to the knee. The injury involves
rapid rotation of the flexed femoral condyles about the tibial plateau,
which most frequently tears the medial meniscus. (Less frequently, the lateral meniscus is torn.) A tear in the inner free border of the cartilage is also
common whenever excessive rotation without flexion or extension occurs.
Early surgical removal of the displaced menisci is usually recommended to
prevent further damage to the cartilage or ligaments.
459. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1959, 2052–2053.) Compromise
of blood supply to the muscles of the forearm can lead to a compartment
syndrome and permanent serious functional deformity of the arm. Any
patient with a compressive dressing or cast of the upper extremity can
experience this potential catastrophe. Whenever a patient has increasing
pain in the presence of a circular dressing around the arm or forearm, the
dressing should be removed immediately. If there is tenderness in the forearm on either the ulnar or dorsal aspect, a fasciotomy should be considered.
460. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1963–1964.) The glenohumeral
joint is bounded posteriorly by the teres minor and infraspinatus muscles
and partially by the long head of the triceps. It is bounded laterally by the
powerful deltoid muscle; superiorly, the acromion process precludes
upward dislocation. However, anteriorly and inferiorly the pectoralis major
and the long head of the biceps do not completely stabilize the glenohumeral joint; in this region the articular ligaments and joint capsule provide the major structural support. Thus, the joint is not strongly supported
in its anteroinferior aspect, and consequently anterior (or anteroinferior)
301
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Surgery
dislocations are the most common glenohumeral dislocations. The
humeral head is driven anteriorly, which tears the shoulder capsule,
detaches the labrum from the glenoid, and produces a compression fracture of the humeral head. Most glenohumeral dislocations result from a
posteriorly directed force on an arm that is partially abducted. Posterior
dislocation is much rarer and should raise the possibility of a seizure as the
precipitating cause.
461. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1958–1959.) Longitudinal
growth of bone follows ossification of cartilage that forms at the epiphyseal
plate. Fractures that involve separation of the growth plate (type I) (almost
always on the diaphyseal side) may be realigned; normal growth usually
follows epiphyseal separation because the proliferative cells are still
attached to their blood supply in the bone epiphysis. Fractures that extend
perpendicular to and through the epiphysis (types II, III, IV) may result in
the formation of bony bridges across the epiphysis that can disrupt later
growth. Though all the fractures listed in the question place the epiphyseal
growth plate in some jeopardy, crushing injuries to the epiphysis (type V)
have the worst prognosis; numerous bony bridges may form and prevent
longitudinal growth.
462. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1948–1949.) Postmenopausal
osteoporosis is responsible for a large number of fractures in elderly
women. Though bone mineralization is normal in osteoporosis, total bone
mass and trabecular volume are decreased. Common fracture sites are the
vertebrae, distal radius, and hip. Vertebral compression fractures are often
sustained by elderly men and women even without trauma. A minor fall on
the outstretched hand can lead to a Colles’ fracture when the distal radius
is weakened by osteoporosis. Similarly, either a femoral neck fracture or an
intertrochanteric fracture can follow a fall on the hip. Clavicular fractures
are less likely to result from osteoporosis. While these fractures occur in
both children and adults, they are common in healthy children and young
adults after violent falls onto an outstretched hand.
463. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1964–1965.) The radiograph
demonstrates a transverse fracture of the distal half of the humeral shaft.
The radial nerve runs in a groove on the posterior aspect of the humerus as
it courses into the forearm compartment and is therefore at high risk of
Orthopedics
Answers
303
injury. If the nerve injury is apparent before any manipulation has been
done, the fracture should be reduced; the nerve injury should be observed
since the nerve function will likely improve with time. If the nerve injury is
only present after reduction, immediate surgical exploration is warranted
because the nerve might be trapped in the fracture site. At this level of the
arm, the ulnar and median nerves are well protected by muscle. The posterior interosseous nerve is a distal branch of the radial nerve and may be
injured in fractures near the radial head, but it is in no danger from injuries
at the level seen in this radiograph. There is no “ascending circumflex
brachial nerve.”
464. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 2068.) An injury to the radial
nerve at the wrist would cause primarily sensory abnormalities. The dorsum of the hand from the radial aspect of the fourth digit over the thumb,
including the thenar pad and thumb web, becomes insensate after severance of the radial nerve at the wrist. Radial injuries more proximally would
impair extension of the wrist and digits as well as forearm supination.
465. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1959, 2052–2053.) Compartment syndromes result from increasing pressures in the fascial compartments of the arm or leg. When the pressure in the muscles is greater than
that of the capillaries, ischemia and necrosis of the muscles occur even
though the arterial pressure is still high enough to produce pulses; pulselessness is an unreliable sign. Extreme pain (out of proportion to the
injury), pain on passive extension of the fingers or toes, pallor of the
extremity, motor paralysis, and paresthesias are all components of the syndrome. The patient will usually hold the injured part in a position of flexion to maximally relax the fascia and reduce the pain; passive extension
will usually produce severe pain. The diagnosis can be confirmed by measuring intracompartmental pressures, but whenever physical findings or
symptoms are suspicious, immediate surgical decompression by fasciectomy is indicated since delay is likely to lead to irreversible damage.
466. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1973–1978.) Open reduction of a
fracture involves the restoration of normal bone alignment under direct
observation at surgery. In effect, open reduction converts a simple fracture
into a compound (or open) fracture and thereby increases the risk of infection. Operative manipulation also increases trauma at the fracture site and
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Surgery
may consequently add to the probability of infection. Hematomas at the site
of fracture may be important for early healing; open reduction, which usually involves removing the clots in the field, could contribute to a delay in
bone healing and to nonunion. The major advantage of open reduction is
the shorter period of immobilization it allows, an advantage that often outweighs all the disadvantages previously mentioned, as in the open reduction
of femoral neck fractures in the elderly. This allows these patients to get out
of bed much sooner than if they were treated with several weeks of traction.
467–470. The answers are 467-e, 468-a, 469-b, 470-a. (Schwartz,
7/e, pp 1963–1964, 1968–1971, 1981–1982.) Fractures of the navicular bone
of the wrist should be suspected in anyone, particularly a young person,
who falls on an outstretched hand. Although x-rays are mandatory, it is
important to realize that the fracture may not be seen on the initial x-ray
and that a presumptive diagnosis can and should be made on clinical
grounds alone. Typically, there will be tenderness to palpation over the
navicular tuberosity and limitation of wrist flexion and extension. Immobilization of the wrist for about 16 wk and sometimes up to 6 mo is required.
Nonunion or avascular necrosis is not uncommon and may require bone
grafting for correction.
Dislocation of the radial head with a fracture of the proximal third of
the ulna is known as Monteggia’s deformity. Usually, the radial head is dislocated anteriorly. The injury is usually caused by forced pronation. The
injury can be treated by reduction and stabilization of the ulna followed by
reduction of the radial head via supination and direct pressure.
Anterior shoulder dislocations occur more frequently than posterior
dislocations. However, posterior dislocations are seen in special situations,
such as during an epileptiform convulsion and during electroshock therapy.
Closed reduction followed by immobilization is usually sufficient therapy.
A spiral fracture, frequently seen in the tibia in skiers, results from the
application of torque to a long bone. Greenstick fractures are common in
children. The bones of young children are able to bend to a greater degree
than those of adults; the fracture may occur only at the site of maximal cortical stress but not at the opposite cortex, the site of maximal longitudinal
compression.
471–474. The answers are 471-c, 472-d, 473-a, 474-e. (Schwartz,
7/e, pp 1946–1951.) Osteitis fibrosa cystica is commonly associated with
Orthopedics
Answers
305
hyperparathyroidism. Hemorrhagic cystic lesions (brown tumors) usually
occur in the long bones. Treatment is parathyroidectomy. Osteomalacia is
defined as a defect in mineralization of adult bone that results from abnormalities in vitamin D metabolism. Treatment generally involves vitamin D
supplementation. Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetically determined disorder in the structure or processing of type I collagen. Treatment is surgical
and involves orthoses to prevent fractures and correction of deformities by
multiple osteotomies. Osteitis deformans is also known as Paget’s disease.
Osteopetrosis is a rare skeletal deformity associated with increased density
of the bones.
475–477. The answers are 475-d, 476-b, 477-f. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp
2008–2011, 2014.) Osteosarcoma, or osteogenic sarcoma, usually is seen in
patients between the ages of 10 and 25 years. The distal femur is the site
most frequently involved. The radiograph has a blastic, or sunburst, appearance. The tumor is not sensitive to radiation but does respond well to combination chemotherapy followed by surgical resection or amputation.
An osteoid osteoma typically presents with severe pain that is characteristically relieved by aspirin. On radiograph, the lesion appears as a small
lucency (usually <1.0 cm) within the bone that is surrounded by reactive
sclerosis. These lesions gradually regress over 5–10 years, but most are
excised to relieve symptoms. Surgical extirpation is usually curative.
Ewing’s sarcoma is a round cell–type tumor. This is a highly malignant
tumor that affects children (age range 5–15 years) and tends to occur in the
diaphyses of long bones. The spine and pelvis can also be primary sites.
There is a permeative pattern of bone lysis and periosteal reaction often
associated with a large soft tissue mass. Fever and weight loss are common.
The pain is often more pronounced at night. Treatment usually involves a
combination of radiation and systemic chemotherapy, with 5-year survivals
around 50%. Adjuvant surgery in combination with radiation and chemotherapy improves the 5-year survival to about 75%.
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NEUROSURGERY
Questions
DIRECTIONS: Each item below contains a question or incomplete
statement followed by suggested responses. Select the one best response to
each question.
478. Which of the following statements regarding the Glasgow coma
scale is true?
480. Which of the following statements regarding glioblastoma multiforme is true?
a. It serves as a scale to assess the
long-term sequelae of head trauma
b. A high score correlates with a high
mortality
c. It includes measurement of intracranial pressure
d. It includes measurement of pupillary reflexes
e. It includes measurement of verbal
response
a. It is a neuronal cell tumor
b. It arises from the malignant degeneration of an astrocytoma
c. With aggressive treatment, most
patients can live up to 10 years
with this disease
d. It is the most common childhood
intracranial neoplasm
e. With combined surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, cure
rates now approach 50%
479. Controlled hyperventilation
(induced hypocapnia) is frequently
recommended following head
trauma. The therapeutic consequences of this therapy include
a. Reduction of endogenous catecholamines
b. Reduction of intracellular potassium levels
c. Increase in cerebrovascular resistance
d. Induction of compensatory metabolic alkalosis
e. Requirement of monitoring the
intracranial pressure
481. A 60-year-old woman presents to her physician with a 3-wk
history of severe headaches. A contrast CT scan reveals a small, circular, hypodense lesion with ringlike
contrast enhancement. The most
likely diagnosis is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Brain abscess
High-grade astrocytoma
Parenchymal hemorrhage
Metastatic lesion
Toxoplasmosis
307
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308
Surgery
482. Which of the following statements regarding skull fractures is true?
a. Depressed fractures are those in which the patient’s level of consciousness is
diminished or absent
b. Compound fractures are those in which the skull is fractured and the underlying brain is lacerated
c. Any bone fragment displaced more than 1 cm inwardly should be elevated surgically
d. Drainage of cerebrospinal fluid via the ear or nose requires prompt surgical
treatment
e. Most skull fractures require surgical treatment
483. A 39-year-old man presents to his physician with the complaint of loss
of peripheral vision. The subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan
below demonstrates
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Cerebral atrophy
Pituitary adenoma
Optic glioma
Pontine hemorrhage
Multiple sclerosis plaque
Neurosurgery
309
484. An 18-year-old man is admitted to the emergency room following a
motorcycle accident. He is alert and fully oriented, but witnesses to the
accident report an interval of unresponsiveness following the injury. Skull
films disclose a fracture of the left temporal bone. Following x-ray, the
patient suddenly loses consciousness and dilation of the left pupil is noted.
This patient should be considered to have
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Ruptured berry aneurysm
Acute subdural hematoma
Epidural hematoma
Intraabdominal hemorrhage
Ruptured arteriovenous malformation
485. Which of the following statements regarding the cerebral angiogram
below is true?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The aneurysm arises from an arteriovenous malformation
The lesion is a giant aneurysm
There is a basilar artery lesion
Initial treatment includes aggressive fluid hydration
Surgical clipping of this lesion is curative
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Surgery
486. An acute increase in intracranial pressure is characterized by
which of the following clinical findings?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Respiratory irregularities
Decreased blood pressure
Tachycardia
Papilledema
Compression of the fifth cranial
nerve
487. Which of the following statements about schwannomas is true?
a. They represent central nerve tumors
b. Treatment is via excision
c. They arise most frequently in motor
nerves
d. They often degenerate to malignancy
e. The most common presentation is a
painful mass
488. Which of the following statements about craniopharyngiomas
is true?
a. The tumors are uniformly solid
b. The tumors are usually malignant
c. Children with these tumors often
develop signs and symptoms of
acromegaly
d. The tumors may cause compression of the optic tracts and visual
symptoms
e. The primary mode of treatment is
radiation therapy
489. Which of the following statements regarding cerebral contusions is true?
a. They occur most frequently in the
occipital lobes
b. They may occur opposite the point
of skull impact
c. They are rarely accompanied by
parenchymal bleeding
d. They may occur spontaneously in
patients receiving anticoagulants
e. Anticonvulsants have no role in the
early management of this disorder
490. True statements regarding
meningiomas include that they
a. Are malignant in 50% of cases
b. Occur predominantly in men
c. Are treated primarily by surgical
excision
d. Are cured, when properly treated,
in nearly 95% of cases
e. Arise from the dura
Neurosurgery
311
DIRECTIONS: The group of questions below consists of lettered
options followed by numbered items. For each numbered item, select the
appropriate lettered option(s). Each lettered option may be used once,
more than once, or not at all. Choose exactly the number of options
indicated following each item.
Items 491–492
For each description below,
select the type of vascular event
with which it is most likely to be
associated.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Subdural hematoma
Epidural hematoma
Carotid dissection
Brain contusion
Ruptured intracranial aneurysm
491. While watching a golf tournament, a 37-year-old man is
struck on the side of the head by a
golf ball. He is conscious and talkative after the injury, but several
days later he is noted to be increasingly lethargic, somewhat confused, and unable to move his right
side. (SELECT 1 DIAGNOSIS)
492. A 42-year-old woman complains of the sudden onset of a
severe headache, stiff neck, and
photophobia. She loses consciousness. She is later noted to have a
dilated pupil. (SELECT 1 DIAGNOSIS)
NEUROSURGERY
Answers
478. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1880–1881.) The Glasgow coma
scale was developed to enable an initial assessment of the severity of head
trauma. It is now also used to standardize serial neurologic examinations in
the early postinjury period. It measures the level of consciousness using
three parameters: verbal response (5 points), motor response (6 points),
and eye opening (4 points). The score is the sum of the highest number
achieved in each category. The fully oriented and alert patient will receive
a maximum score of 15. A score of less than 5 is associated with a mortality of over 50%.
479. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1878, 1880–1881.) Controlled
hyperventilation to a PaCO2 of 25 kPa raises tissue pH, increases cerebrovascular resistance, decreases cerebral blood flow, and consequently
reduces intracerebral pressure (ICP). In the effort to avoid brain swelling by
lowering cerebral blood flow and ICP, the clinician must be wary of causing ischemic brain damage through hypoperfusion. The metabolic compensation to induced hypocapnia leads to normalization of the pH by loss
of bicarbonate (metabolic acidosis), and over 8–24 h the beneficial effects
of the hypocapnia will have been lost. The partial pressures of carbon dioxide should be allowed to slowly return to normal and should be held in
reserve in case unanticipated increases in ICP require another pulse of
short-term reduction. It is important to monitor the patient while the PaCO2
is rising because untoward or rapid increases in ICP may occur in response
to the rising cerebral blood flow.
480. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1886–1887.) Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common form of primary intracranial neuroepithelial
tumor. It represents 25% of all intracranial tumors and 50% of tumors originating in the central nervous system. It is a heterogeneous glial cell tumor
derived from the malignant degeneration of an astrocytoma or anaplastic
astrocytoma. These tumors are most commonly found in the cerebral
hemispheres during the fifth decade of life. CT and MRI scans typically
312
Neurosurgery
Answers
313
reveal an irregular lesion with hypodense central necrosis, peripheral ring
enhancement of the highly cellular tumor tissue, and surrounding edema
and mass effect. Curative resections are rare. Therapy consists of diagnostic biopsy followed by radiotherapy to slow the tumor growth. The course
of the disease progresses rapidly after presentation, with few patients living
more than 2 years.
481. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 1890.) The CT findings are consistent with any of the suggested lesions. However, the most likely diagnosis is metastatic disease. Almost 50% of intracranial neoplasms are
metastatic lesions. Roughly 20–25% of cancer patients develop intracranial
metastases during the course of their disease. Cancers of the lung and
breast and melanomas frequently metastasize to the brain parenchyma.
Leukemia shows a predilection for the leptomeninges. A large majority of
these lesions become symptomatic owing to mass effect from white matter
edema. Palliation is the primary goal for most patients and involves corticosteroids and radiation. Surgery is employed for the 25% of patients with
a solitary brain metastasis and cured or arrested systemic disease.
482. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1879–1880.) Most skull fractures do not require surgical treatment unless they are depressed or compound. A general rule is that all depressed skull fractures, defined as
fractures in which the cranial vault is displaced inward, should be surgically elevated, especially if they are depressed more than 1 cm, if a fragment is over the motor strip, or if small, sharp fragments are seen on x-ray
(as they may tear the underlying dura). Compound fractures, defined as
fractures in which the bone and the overlying skin are broken, must be
cleansed and debrided and the wound must be closed. When a skull fracture occurs in an area of the paranasal sinuses, the mastoid air cells, or the
middle ear, a tear in the meninges may result in cerebrospinal fluid
drainage from the ear or nose. The presence of rhinorrhea or otorrhea
requires observation and prophylactic antibiotics, because meningitis is a
serious sequel. Otorrhea usually heals within a few days. Persistent cerebrospinal fluid from the nose or ear for more than 14 days requires surgical repair of the torn dura.
483. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1620–1628.) This T1-weighted
sagittal MRI scan reveals a dumbbell-shaped homogeneous mass involving
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Surgery
the sella turcica and the suprasellar region. This lesion is most consistent
with a pituitary adenoma, a benign tumor arising from the adenohypophysis. Pituitary adenomas are the most common sellar lesion and constitute
10–15% of all intracranial neoplasms. Macroadenomas (>10 mm) are generally nonsecreting tumors. Microadenomas (<10 mm) become clinically
apparent from hormonal secretion. They may secrete prolactin (amenorrhea
or galactorrhea), growth hormone (gigantism or acromegaly), or ACTH
(Cushing syndrome). The tumor pictured is a macroadenoma. Its dumbbell
shape results from impingement on the adenoma by the diaphragm of the
sella turcica. The suprasellar extension seen here makes a frontal craniotomy rather than a transsphenoidal approach more appropriate.
484. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, p 1881.) Epidural hematomas are
typically caused by a tear of the middle meningeal artery or vein or a dural
venous sinus. Ninety percent of epidural hematomas are associated with
linear skull fractures, usually in the temporal region. Only 2% of patients
admitted with craniocerebral trauma suffer epidural hematomas. The
lesion appears as a hyperdense biconvex mass between the skull and brain
on CT scan. Clinical presentation is highly variable and outcome largely
depends on promptness of diagnosis and surgical evacuation. The typical
history is one of head trauma followed by a momentary alteration in consciousness and then a lucid interval lasting for up to a few hours. This is
followed by a loss of consciousness, dilation of the pupil on the side of the
epidural hematoma, and then compromise of the brainstem and death.
Treatment consists of temporal craniectomy, evaluation of the hemorrhage,
and control of the bleeding vessel. The mortality of epidural hematoma is
approximately 50%.
485. The answer is e. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1893–1895.) This digital subtraction cerebral angiogram is an oblique view of the anterior circulation of
the brain. Dye injected in the internal carotid reveals an aneurysm at the
bifurcation of the internal carotid and the posterior communicating artery.
A giant aneurysm is generally regarded as a lesion greater than 24 mm in
cross-section. Surgical clipping of this aneurysm would be curative. Only
after the risk of rebleeding is eliminated by clipping can the patient
undergo volume expansion if vasospasm arises. The vertebrobasilar system
is not visualized here.
Neurosurgery
Answers
315
486. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1878, 1895–1896.) The onset of
irregular respirations, bradycardia, and finally increased blood pressure
with increasing intracranial pressure (ICP) is termed the Cushing response.
These physiologic alterations are caused by brainstem compression. Slow
rises in ICP are, by contrast, autoregulated by the brain’s compensatory
mechanisms and lead to a late onset of neurologic sequelae. A mass lesion
is more apt to compromise local cerebral blood flow and increase cerebral
edema and ICP. The vector of the mass effect may lead to herniation of
brain parenchyma through the tentorial incisura or foramen magnum with
resultant brainstem compression. Herniation usually causes compression
of the third cranial nerve and thus leads to a fixed and dilated pupil on that
side. Papilledema is a finding with chronic increases in ICP.
487. The answer is b. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1888–1889, 1892.) Peripheral
nerve tumors include lesions of peripheral nerves, the adrenal gland nerve
tissue, and the sympathetic chain. Schwannomas are peripheral nerve
sheath tumors that arise from perineural fibroblasts (Schwann cells). They
are usually painless. Malignant schwannomas are rare. Treatment is via surgical excision. The nerve of origin can usually be preserved. Because
schwannomas have virtually no malignant potential, if a major nerve would
have to be sacrificed in order to extirpate the tumor, the nerve is spared and
a small portion of the tumor is left in situ. Intracranial schwannomas most
frequently originate in the vestibular branch of the eighth cranial nerve and
represent 10% of all intracranial neoplasms. Symptoms include hearing
loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. Neurofibromas are also Schwann cell tumors but
are histologically distinguishable from schwannomas. Neurofibromatosis
(von Recklinghausen’s disease) involves multiple peripheral nerve neoplasms. Neuronal tumors of peripheral nerves include ganglioneuroma,
neuroblastoma, chemodectoma, and pheochromocytoma.
488. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1628–1629.) Craniopharyngiomas are cystic tumors with areas of calcification and originate in the
epithelial remnants of Rathke’s pouch. These usually benign tumors are
found in the sellar and suprasellar region and lead to compression of the
pituitary, optic tracts, and third ventricle. As a result they show up on radiographic imaging as an area of sellar erosion with calcification within or
above the sella. Craniopharyngiomas are most commonly found in chil-
316
Surgery
dren but may also present in adulthood. In children they can cause growth
retardation because of hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. Treatment consists of subfrontal or transsphenoidal excision with adjuvant radiotherapy
if total removal is not possible.
489. The answer is b. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 1355–1358.) Cerebral contusions are bruises of neural parenchyma that most commonly involve the
convex surface of a gyrus. The most frequent sites of cerebral contusion are
the orbital surfaces of the frontal lobes and the anterior portion of the temporal lobes. The etiology of the contusion is always traumatic, and subsequent neurologic impairment, such as epilepsy, is common if the original
injury was significant. Patients deemed to have a substantial contusion
should receive anticonvulsive medication in the early posttraumatic
period.
490. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 1887–1888.) Meningiomas are
relatively benign tumors that arise from the arachnoid layer of the
meninges. They occur predominantly in women (65%) and are treated primarily by surgical excision. Despite their relatively benign nature, the 15year survival rate for nonmalignant meningiomas is only 68%.
491–492. The answers are 491-a, 492-e. (Sabiston, 15/e, pp 1349–
1352, 1360.) Subdural hematomas usually arise from tears in the veins
bridging from the cerebral cortex to the dura or venous sinuses, often after
only minor head injuries. They can become apparent several days after the
initial injury. Treatment is with drainage of the hematoma through a burr
hole; a formal craniotomy may be required if the fluid reaccumulates. Significant brain contusions due to blunt trauma are usually associated with at
least transient loss of consciousness; similarly, epidural hematomas result
in a period of unconsciousness, although a “lucid interval” may follow during which neurologic findings are minimal.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in the absence of antecedent trauma
most commonly arises from a ruptured intracranial aneurysm, which typically is found at the bifurcation of the major branches of the circle of Willis.
Other less frequent causes include hypertensive hemorrhage, trauma, and
bleeding from an arteriovenous malformation. Patients present with the
sudden onset of an excruciating headache. Complaints of a stiff neck and
photophobia are common. Loss of consciousness may be transient or
Neurosurgery
Answers
317
evolve into frank coma. Cranial nerve palsies are seen as a consequence
both of increased intracranial pressure due to hemorrhage and pressure of
the aneurysm on adjacent cranial nerves. CT scans followed by cerebral
arteriography help to confirm the diagnosis as well as to identify the location of the aneurysm. Treatment consists of surgical ligation of the
aneurysm by placing a clip across its neck. Early surgical intervention
(within 72 h of SAH) may prevent aneurysmal rebleeding and allow aggressive management of posthemorrhage vasospasm.
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OTOLARYNGOLOGY
Questions
DIRECTIONS: Each item below contains a question or incomplete
statement followed by suggested responses. Select the one best response to
each question.
493. Which of the following statements concerning nasopharyngeal
cancer is true?
a. It has an unusually high incidence
among Chinese
b. It occurs primarily after the sixth
decade of life
c. It undergoes early metastasis to the
lungs
d. The treatment of choice is wide
surgical excision of the primary
tumor
e. Initial evaluation should involve a
biopsy of the primary tumor and
neck nodes
494. Severe maxillofacial trauma
is often the result of high-velocity
impact sustained in automobile or
motorcycle accidents. Regarding
these injuries, which of the following statements is true?
a. Evaluation of the cervical spine
should precede that of the facial
injuries
b. Severe hemorrhage from the nasopharynx rarely occurs with LeFort
fractures
c. Direct oral or nasotracheal intubation should be performed promptly
to prevent airway obstruction
d. Standard facial x-ray series are
preferable to computed tomography
to assess facial fractures because
they may be obtained in the emergency department, are performed
faster, and are equally accurate
e. Definitive management of fractures
of facial bones should not be
delayed
319
Terms of Use
320
Surgery
495. Which of the following statements regarding squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is
true?
a. Squamous cancers of the head and
neck are caused by smoking tobacco
rather than chewing tobacco
b. Chemotherapy rarely produces a
response with pharyngeal carcinoma and is not employed
c. Squamous cancers of the nasopharynx are best treated by radiotherapy; surgery is reserved for lymph
node metastases that have not responded to radiation
d. Squamous cancers of the oropharynx are best treated by radiotherapy; surgery is not recommended
e. For squamous cancers of the hypopharynx, radical neck dissection is
performed only if lymph nodes are
enlarged
496. Pleomorphic
adenomas
(mixed tumors) of the salivary
glands are characterized by which
of the following?
a. They occur most commonly on the
lips, tongue, and palate
b. They grow rapidly
c. They rarely recur if simply enucleated
d. They present as rock-hard masses
e. They have no malignant potential
497. Which of the following statements about branchial cleft anomalies is true?
a. A fistula that lies between the external auditory canal and the submandibular region originates from
the second branchial cleft
b. The course of the first branchial
cleft fistula is through the bifurcation of the carotid artery
c. Injury to the hypoglossal nerve
may occur during excision of a second branchial cleft fistula
d. The internal opening of the second
branchial cleft fistula is usually
found in the maxillary sinus
e. The internal opening of the first
branchial cleft cyst is just underneath the base of the tongue
498. Which of the following statements regarding symptomatic thyroglossal duct cysts is true?
a. Over 90% manifest themselves
before age 12
b. Treatment includes resection of the
hyoid bone
c. They usually present as a painful
swelling in the lateral neck
d. Approximately 10–15% contain
malignant elements
e. They rarely become infected
Otolaryngology
499. Which of the following statements regarding cancer of the
tongue is true?
a. Carcinomas at the base of the
tongue are best treated by irradiation alone rather than surgery
b. Stage I and stage II cancers of the
mobile tongue are treated more
effectively by irradiation than by
surgery
c. Cancer of the tongue is usually
advanced to stage III by the time it
is diagnosed
d. Prophylactic irradiation of the neck
nodes is indicated in patients
whose primary cancer of the
tongue is treated by irradiation
e. Cancer of the tongue is the third
most common malignancy of the
oral cavity
321
500. Verrucous carcinoma of the
buccal mucosa is identified with
which of the following characteristics?
a. It is faster growing than the epidermoid form
b. It is not associated with tobacco
chewing
c. It has a predilection for the gingivobuccal gutter
d. It rarely extends to the mandible
e. It has a dark-brown, flat, smooth
border on presentation
OTOLARYNGOLOGY
Answers
493. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 645–648.) There is an unusually
high incidence of carcinoma of the nasopharynx among Chinese. In the
early stages of the disease, metastases remain confined to the neck. Diagnosis of nasopharyngeal cancer, which tends to arise in relatively young
people, should be made by biopsy of the primary tumor. Biopsy of the neck
nodes should be avoided because implantation of the tumor in skin and
subcutaneous tissue may occur. Radiation therapy is the treatment of
choice for the primary nasopharyngeal cancer. Cervical metastases that
remain clinically evident should be removed by a radical neck dissection.
494. The answer is a. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 298–308.) In patients with
severe facial or mandibular trauma, airway difficulties may develop secondary to the effects of massive hemorrhage, tissue swelling, or associated
laryngeal trauma. A cricothyroidotomy is preferred over direct oral or
nasotracheal intubation because it can be performed quickly without
manipulation of the cervical spine or injured parts. If prolonged postoperative airway problems are anticipated, the cricothyroidotomy may convert
to a tracheostomy. Evaluation of the cervical spine is a top priority and
should be performed in any patient with head trauma prior to further facial
studies. Although most facial fractures can be diagnosed easily with a standard “facial series,” computed tomography (CT) is more accurate and
allows assessment of areas (e.g., intracerebral contents) that cannot be evaluated by conventional techniques. Therefore, in most centers, CT is
presently the preferred method of evaluation for patients with severe maxillofacial trauma. Maxillary fractures are categorized by the LeFort classification, and, unlike other facial fractures, are frequently associated with
severe nasal and nasopharyngeal hemorrhage. This may be treated with
head elevation and ice compresses. Nasal packing also affords good control
of hemorrhage, and in extreme cases ligation or embolization of the internal maxillary artery may be necessary. Definitive reduction and fixation of
fractures may be delayed while other injuries and medical problems are
322
Otolaryngology
Answers
323
addressed. In addition to control of hemorrhage, initial management of
facial fractures may include temporary stabilization, wound closure, and
oral lavage with solutions containing antibiotics.
495. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 637–651.) Squamous cell cancers of the head and neck appear to arise as a response to tobacco in general (including chewing tobacco), rather than just to cigarette smoking,
especially when used in combination with alcohol ingestion. Chemotherapy for squamous cell pharyngeal cancer has been used very successfully in
childhood and adolescence, although its role in adult pharyngeal cancer is
uncertain. Treatment of nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is by
radiation, followed by radical neck dissection if lymph node metastases
have not been controlled. Oropharyngeal cancers have responded equally
well to surgery and radiation, and both treatments are routinely employed.
In the hypopharynx surgery is the optimal treatment, often supplemented
by postoperative radiation therapy. Surgery for hypopharyngeal cancers
includes radical neck dissection because lymph node metastases occur frequently and are not well controlled by radiation alone.
496. The answer is a. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 656–662.) There are approximately 400–700 minor salivary glands in the oral cavity. Pleomorphic adenomas (mixed tumors) can occur in any of them. These round tumors have
a rubbery consistency and are slow-growing; all are potentially malignant.
Unless adequately excised, they tend to recur locally in a high percentage
of cases. The sites most commonly affected by pleomorphic adenomas of
the salivary glands are the lips, tongue, and palate.
497. The answer is c. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1995–1998.) Branchial cleft
cysts, sinuses, and fistulas are remnants of the first and second branchial
pouches. The internal opening of the first is the external auditory canal; for
the second, it is the posterolateral pharynx below the tonsillar fossa. The
facial nerve may be injured during dissection of the first fistula. The second
fistula passes between the carotid bifurcation and adjacent to the hypoglossal nerve. In childhood most branchial cleft anomalies present as a painless
nodule along the lateral border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. In
adults, superinfection of the cyst or fistulous drainage via an orifice in the
supraclavicular region may occur. Treatment is surgical excision.
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Surgery
498. The answer is b. (Greenfield, 2/e, pp 1998–1999.) Thyroglossal duct
cysts result from retention of an epithelial tract between the thyroid and its
embryologic origin in the foramen cecum at the base of the tongue. This
tract usually penetrates the hyoid bone. There is no sex predilection, and
although these cysts are more frequently detected in children, up to 25% do
not become symptomatic until adulthood. The most common presentation
is a painless swelling in the midline of the neck that moves with protrusion
of the tongue or swallowing. The cysts are prone to infection and progressive enlargement. Although rare (less than 1%), epidermoid or papillary carcinomas do occur within thyroglossal duct cysts. Surgical resection is the
standard therapy. The Sistrunk procedure, which involves local resection of
the cyst and the central portion of the hyoid bone, is the operation of choice.
Simple excision of the cyst results in an unacceptably high recurrence rate.
499. The answer is d. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 635–639.) Cancer of the tongue
is the most common malignant tumor in the oral cavity and accounts for
slightly less than one-third of the malignancies in the area. About twothirds of cases present as early lesions in the mobile anterior portion of the
tongue. Most workers in the field agree that for these stage I and stage II
lesions, surgery and irradiation give equivalent results (45% 5-year survival), and the treatment should therefore be tailored to the patient. Failures are almost always due to supraclavicular recurrence and many
recommend excision of the radiation scar and prophylactic irradiation of
the neck nodes, particularly in the stage II and stage IV tumors in the base
of the tongue, which have a poorer prognosis.
500. The answer is c. (Schwartz, 7/e, pp 631–632.) Verrucous carcinoma
is a less aggressive form of locally invasive buccal cancer than the usual epidermoid form. Its frequency is increased in people who chew tobacco. The
tumor usually grows very slowly, occurs chiefly in the gingivobuccal gutter,
and has a tendency to invade bone. It is identified by its characteristic exophytic, white, shaggy appearance. Wide excision is the best initial treatment for this neoplasm. Even though the tumor may regress in response to
radiation, it tends to recur in a more malignant form with metastases. Cervical metastases usually are not present when the lesion is first diagnosed;
it is only for the most highly malignant grades of verrucous carcinoma that
radical neck dissection and block excision of the cheek are indicated.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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WALTERS HL, ET AL: Peritoneal lavage and the surgical resident. Surg
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WILLERSON JT, ET AL: Role of new antiplatelet agents as adjunctive therapies
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ZINNER, MJ, ET AL (EDS): Maingot’s Abdominal Operations, 10th ed. Stamford,
CT, Appleton & Lange, 1997.
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻛﺪ‪٠٠٧ :‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻓﺰﻭﻥ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺟﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﺑﺸﺮﻱ ﺧﺼﻮﺻ ًﹰﺎ ﺭﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫـﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟـﺐ ﻧـﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫـﺎﻱ‬
‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ )‪ VHS ، DVD ، VCD ، ebook‬ﻭ ‪ (...‬ﻣﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﺔ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﮔﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﺀ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺭﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﻤﻌﻲ ﻭ ﺑﺼﺮﻱ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺸﻮﻕ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﺬﺍ ﻋﻼﻗﻤﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯﺍﺀ ﻫﺮ ‪ CD‬ﻣﺒﻠﻎ ‪ ٥٠٠٠‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺟﺎﺭﻱ ‪ ١٣٢٤٣٦‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺭﻓﺎﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﻌﺒﻪ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﻛﺪ ﺷﻌﺒﻪ ‪ ١١٢‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺰ ﻭ ﭘـﺲ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻓﺎﻛﺲ ﻓﻴﺶ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻗﻼﻡ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﺎﻻﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻔﺎﺭﺷﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺟﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺳﻔﺎﺭﺵ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟـﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺸﻤﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺰ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺍﻛﻴﺪﺍ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﺋﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ‪ ٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦‬ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ‪CD‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫)‪3D Conformal Radiation Therapy A multimedia introduction to methods and techniques (Springer‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪1.1‬‬
‫)‪2.1 Abdominal and pelvic Ultrasound with CT and MR correlation (R. Brooke Jeffrey, Jr., M.D.‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻳﻚ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻗﻮﻱ ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ‪ Self teaching‬ﻭ ‪ Self evaluation‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺷﻜﻢ ﻭ ﻟﮕﻦ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ‪ CT Scan‬ﻭ ‪ MRI‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻙ ﺑﻬﺘـﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟـﺐ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ ، CD‬ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪ Case‬ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ )ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ‪ MRI‬ﻭ ‪ (CT Scan‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ‪ Click‬ﺁﺭﺍﻳﺔ ‪ ،Text‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ‪ Case‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺳـﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺫﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬‬
‫‪٧٨‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺷﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬‬
‫‪٣٥‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻏﺪﻩ ﺁﺩﺭﻧﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬‬
‫‪٣٧‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﭘﺎﻧﻜﺮﺍﺱ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬‬
‫‪١٢‬‬
‫‪٧‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻃﺤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺭﺗﺮﻭﭘﺮﻳﺘﻮﺋﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬‬
‫‪٤٠‬‬
‫‪٤٦‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻛﻴﺴﺔ ﺻﻔﺮﺍ ﻭﻣﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﻭﻱ‬
‫ﻟﮕﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬‬
‫‪٦٧‬‬
‫‪١٠‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻛﺒﺪ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻲ‬
‫)‪ACR - Chest (Learning file) (American college of Radiology‬‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪3.1‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪4- Airway Disease‬‬
‫‪8-Pediatric Chest‬‬
‫‪12- Immunocompromised Host‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫‪3- Vascular Disease‬‬
‫‪7- Chest Wall and Diaphragm‬‬
‫‪11- Pulmonary Infection‬‬
‫‪2- Cardiac Disease‬‬
‫‪6- Pleural Disease‬‬
‫‪10- Neoplasma and Tumors‬‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫‪1- chest Trauma‬‬
‫‪5- Mediastinal Masses‬‬
‫‪9- Normal Disease‬‬
‫‪13- Diffuse Disease‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
2
ACR - Gastrointestinal (Learning file) (American college of Radiology) (Igor Laufer, M.D., James M. Messmer, M.D.)
(Learning file) (American college of Radiology)
5.1 ACR - Genitourinary
‫( ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬... ‫ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻭ‬، CT Scan ،‫ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺣﺎﺟﺐ‬،‫ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ )ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‬Case ‫ ﻫﺮ‬.‫ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‬Case ‫ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻱ‬،‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﻭﺭﻭﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮﻓﺼﻞ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﺷﺪ‬، ‫ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺭﺍﻳﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ‬،‫ ﺩﺭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ‬.‫ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‬Finding ‫ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﺑﺮﺭﻭﻱ ﺁﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬Click ‫ ﺑﺎ‬Imaging ‫ ﻓﺮﺩ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ‬،‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬
:‫ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬Case ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
4.1
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
Case
١١٨
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
Case
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ‬
٢٦
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺐ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
Case
١٧
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
Case
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫ﮊﻧﻴﻜﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻏﺪﺩ‬
‫ﺁﺩﺭﻧﺎﻝ‬
١٥
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
Case
Case
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ‬
١١
١٨
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
Case
‫ﺭﺗﺮﻭﭘﺮﻳﺘﻮﺋﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎﻧﻪ‬
١٠
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
Case
١٧
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
Case
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺕ‬
١٠
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺗﻨﺎﺳﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﻣﺬﻛﺮ‬
1998
1998
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
Case
١٦
6.1
ACR - Head & Neck (Learning file) (American college of Radiology)
1998
7.1
ACR - Neuroradiology (Learning file) (American college of Radiology)
1998
‫ــــــ‬
ACR - Nuclear medicine (Learning file) (American college of Radiology) (Paul Shreve, M.D. and James Corbett, M.D.)
9.1 ACR - Pediatric (Learning file) (American college of Radiology) (Beverly P. Wood, M.D., David C. Kushner, M.D.)
:‫ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬Teaching File ‫ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻳﻚ‬CD
8.1
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
Case ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
Chest
٢٠٢
٣١
‫ﺳﺮ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻗﻠﺐ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺭﻭﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
Case ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
٧٨
٩٠
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺵ‬
Case ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
Skeletal
١٦٣
٩٧
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ ﭘﺎﻧﻜﺮﺍﺱ‬،‫ ﻃﺤﺎﻝ‬،‫ﻛﺒﺪ‬
Case ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
Case ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
٧١
Genitourimary
١٠٩
10.1 ACR - Skeletal (B.J Manaster, M.D., Ph.D.) (Learning file)
1. Tumolrs
2. Arthritis
3. Trauma
4. Metabolic Congeaital
11.1 ACR
‫ــــــ‬
- Ultrasound (Learning file) (American college of Radiology)
1998
‫ــــــ‬
12.1 Anatomy and MRI of the JOINTS (A Multiplanar Atlas) (William D. Middleton, Thomas L. Lawson)
(Department of Radiology Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Wisconsin)
The Tmporomandibular
The Shoulder
The Wrist
The Finger
The Vertebral Column
The Hip
The Knee
The Ankle
TM
Brainiac!
Medical Multimedia Systems Presents (Version 1.52) (An interactive digital atlas designed to assist in learning human neuroanatomy)
Breast
Implant
Imaging (SALEKAN E-BOOK) (MICHAEL S. MIDDLETON, PH,D., M.D, MICHAEL P.MCNAMARA JR., M.D.)
13.1
9.9
(Serial # 316.34427)
:‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
A History and Overview of Breast Augmentation and Implant Imaging
Basic Principles of Breast Implant Imaging
Classification of Breast Implants
Evaluation of Silicone Fluid Injecitons
1998
Clinical Presentation
Principles of Imaging Breast Implant Rupture and Soft-Tissue Silicone
Practical Consideration in the Evaluaion of Implant Integrity
Breast Cancer Imaging
14.1 Carotid Duplex Ultrasonography Extracranial and Intracranial
2000
2003
Methods of Imaging
Artifacts of MR and Ultrasound Imaging of Breast Implants and Soft-Tissue Silicone
Evaluation of Soft-Tissue Silicone from Ruptured Implants
Surgical and Other Considerations
(Michael Jaff DO, Serge Kownator MD, Alain Voorons Audlovlsuel)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ ﻭﻳﻠﻴﺲ ﺗﻨﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻛﻴﻮﺳﻔﺎﻟﻴﻚ ﻭ ﻗﻮﺱ ﺁﺋﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﮔﻮﻳـﺎ )ﺑـﻪ ﺯﺑـﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴـﻲ( ﺟﻬـﺖ ﻧﻤـﺎﻳﺶ ﺗﻜﻨﻴـﻚﻫـﺎﻱ‬،‫ ﻭﺭﺗﺒﺮﺍﻝ‬،‫ ﺳﺎﺏ ﻛﻼﻭﻳﻦ‬،‫ ﻛﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﺗﻴﺪ‬، CD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
:‫ ﺭﺋﻮﺱ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻕﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ‬
‫ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ‬
‫ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﺏ ﻛﻼﻭﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﺍﻛﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻝ ﺳﻮﺑﺮﺍﻝ ﻭ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ ﻭﻳﻠﻴﺲ‬
‫ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ‬Setting ‫ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﺳﻜﻦﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻓﻮﻕﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ‬
‫ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺭﺗﺒﺮﺍﻝ‬
‫ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺠﺎﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﺗﻴﺪ ﺍﻛﺴﺘﺮﺍﻛﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻗﻮﺱ ﺁﺋﻮﺭﺕ ﻭ ﺗﻨﺔ ﺑﺮﺍﻛﻴﻮ ﺳﻔﺎﻟﻴﻚ‬
Revaseularization ‫ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ‬
.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬Post-Test ‫ ﻭ‬Pre-Test ‫ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ‬CD ‫ﺿﻤﻨﹰﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪(Pamela T. Johnson, Alfred B. Kurtz‬‬
‫‪WITH CROSS-REFERENCES TO THE REQUISITES SERIES‬‬
‫‪15.1 CASE REVIEW Obstetric and Gynecologic Ultrasound‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻱ ‪ Case ١٢٧‬ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ )ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ( ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ‪ Gynecology‬ﻭ ‪ Obstetric‬ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪16.1 CD Roentgen (Michael McDermott, M.D., Thorsten Krebs, M.D.) (Williams & Wilkins‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪17.1 Cerebral and Spinal Computerized Tomography‬‬
‫)‪18.1 Cerebral MR Perfusion Imaging CD-ROM to complement the book (A. Gregory Sorensen, Peter Reimer) (Thieme‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﺔ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﭘﺮﻓﻮﺯﻳﻮﻥ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ ‪ MRI‬ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪19.1 CHEST X-RAY INTERPRETATION‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪ CD‬ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ )ﭼﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ‪ (CD‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ‪ CXR‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ ٣‬ﺑﺨﺶ ‪ Clinic -٣ seminar -٢ Library -١‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻜﺲ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺭﻳﻪ ﻫﻤـﺮﺍﻩ ﺑـﺎ ﺗﻮﺿـﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎﻱ ‪ ٣‬ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ‪ animatory‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻭﻝ‪ Library :‬ﻳﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ‪ CXR‬ﻭ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻳﻚ ﻋﻜﺲ ﺭﻳﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﺁﻥ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺝ‪ : Sings, clue :‬ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ‪ CXR‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪(…,westermark Sing, Sign) :‬‬
‫ﺩ‪ : Anatomy World :‬ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻗﻔﺴﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻃﻮﻟﻲ ﻭ ﻋﺮﺿﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺭﻳﺰﻧﺘﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪ 3D‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫ‪ :‬ﺩﻳﻜﺸﻨﺮﻱ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺎﺭﻳﻒ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭ‪ :CME Quiz :‬ﻋﻜﺲ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻳﺎ ‪ :Seminar‬ﺑﻪ ‪ ٥‬ﺑﺨﺶ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -٢ Soft tissue -١‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻧﻬﺎ ‪ -٣‬ﭘﻠﻮﺭﻭﺩﻳﺎﻓﺮﺍﮔﻢ ‪ -٤‬ﺭﻳﻪ ﻭ ‪ -٥‬ﻣﺪﻳﺸﺎﻥ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺷﺪﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻋﻜﺴﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺳﺎﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺭﻳﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ‪ ٤‬ﺑﺨﺶ ‪ Search‬ﻭ ‪ Localize‬ﻭ ‪ describe‬ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ : Search‬ﻋﻜﺲ ﺭﻳﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﺪ ) ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺱ(‬
‫‪ :Localize‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ‪ CXR‬ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺁﻧﺮﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ﺗﻮﺩﻩﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ‪ CXR‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺧﻮﺵ ﺧﻴﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺪ ﺧﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪ :Describe‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ‪ CXR‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ ٢‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺜ ﹰ‬
‫‪ CXR :Differential diagnosis‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎ‪pattern ،‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺴﺖ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﻲ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺳﻮﻡ ‪ :Clinic‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻗﺪﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺪﻡ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻦ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ ﻭ ‪ CXR‬ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ‪ CT/MRI‬ﺑﺮﻭﻧﻜﻮﺳﻜﻮﻳﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻮﭘﺴﻲ ﻭ ﻧﻮﻛﺌﺎﺭﺩﺍﺳﻜﻦ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻓﻮﺭﻳﺖ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ‪ ← Softtissue‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ ← ﭘﻠﻮﺭﻭﺩﻳﺎﻓﺮﺍﮔﻢ ← ﺭﻳﻪ ← ﻣﺪﻳﺴﺘﺎﻥ ← ﻧﺎﻑ ﺭﻳﻪ ﻋﻜﺲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛـﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻔﺴـﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ‪ ...... Softtissue‬ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺟﺪﺍﺭ ﻗﻔﺴﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‪ ،‬ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﺴﻔﻴﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺑﻨﺮﻣﺎﻝ ‪ air‬ﻭ ‪ ....‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(Mosby‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪20.1 Comprehensive Reviw of Radiography‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺧﻮﺩﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﻲ )‪ (Self evaluation‬ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺮﻓﺔ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ‬
‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺼﺐ ‪ CD‬ﻓﻮﻕ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ‪ ،‬ﺷﺨﺺ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﭘﻨﺞﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻫﺮ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺟﻬـﺖ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻓﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻭﻱ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪21.1 Computed Body Tomography with MRI Correlation (Joseph K. T. Lee, Stuart S. Sagel, Robert J. Stanley, Jay P. Heiken) (3rd Edition) (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪2000‬‬
‫)‪(Salekan E-Book‬‬
‫)‪(Matthias Hofer) (Thieme‬‬
‫‪22.1 CT Teaching Manual‬‬
‫)‪23.1 Diagnostic Imaging Expert (A CD-ROM Reference & Review) (Ralph Weissleder, Jack Witterberg, Mark J. Rieumont, Genevieve Bennett‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻳﻚ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ‪ Imaging‬ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺁﺭﺍﻳﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺫﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪1- Chest‬‬
‫‪2- Breast‬‬
‫‪5- Gastrointestinal‬‬
‫‪6- Pediatric‬‬
‫‪3- Cardiac‬‬
‫‪4- Obstetric‬‬
‫‪7- Genitourinary‬‬
‫‪8- Nuclear Imaging‬‬
‫‪9- Musculoskeletal‬‬
‫‪10- Contrast agent‬‬
‫‪11- Neurologic‬‬
‫‪14- Vascular 13- Head and Neck‬‬
‫‪12- Imaging Physics‬‬
‫)‪24.1 DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASOUND A LOGICAL APPROACH (JOHN P. McGAHAN, BARRY B. GOLDBERG‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ‪ ٣‬ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ Diagnostic Ultrasound‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﻭ ﺟﺰﺀ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﻭ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ Selp-assessment -٢ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪ CMP‬ﻭ ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ ٤١‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻓﻴﺰﻳــــﻚ ‪ -٢ bioeffects‬ﺁﺭﺗﻔﻜــــﺖ ‪ ٣‬ﻭ ‪ -٤‬ﺭﻭﺵﻫــــﺎﻱ ﺗﻬــــﺎﺟﻤﻲ ﺑــــﺎ ﺳــــﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺭ )ﺑﻴﻮﭘﺴــــﻲ‪ ،‬ﺁﺳﭙﻴﺮﺍﺳــــﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻧــــﺎﮊ( ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤــــﺎﺭﻱﻫــــﺎﻱ ﺯﻧــــﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻳﻤــــﺎﻥ ‪ -٥‬ﺭﻭﺵﻫــــﺎﻱ ﺍﻭﻟﺘﺮﺍﺳــــﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺣــــﻴﻦ ﻋﻤــــﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣــــﻲ‬
‫‪ :٦-١٨‬ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺗﺮﻳﻤﺴﺘﺮ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻲ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﺳﻨﺘﺎ ﻭ ‪ Cervix‬ﻭ ﺑﻨﺪ ﻧﺎﻑ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺩﻩ ﺁﻣﻨﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮ ﻭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﻗﻔﺴﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ ﺷﻜﻢ ﻭ ﻟﮕﻦ ﻭ ﺿﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻲ ﺩﻭﻗﻠﻮﺋﻲ ﻭ ‪ Small-for-date , large-for-data‬ﻭ ‪....‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﺽ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ‪ -١٩‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺵ )ﺣﻔـﺮﻩ‬
‫ﭘﺮﻳﺘﻮﺍﻥ( ‪ -٢٠‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺯﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ )ﻛﺒﺪ – ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‪ -‬ﭘﺎﻧﻜﺮﺍﺱ( ‪ -٢١‬ﻛﺒﺪ ‪ -٢٢‬ﻛﻴﺴﻪ ﺻﻔﺮﺍ ﻭ ﻣﺠـﺎﺭﻱ ﺻـﻔﺮﺍﻭﻱ ‪ -٢٣‬ﺭﺗﺮﻭﭘﺮﺗﻴـﻮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﭘـﺎﻧﻜﺮﺍﺱ‪ ،‬ﻃﺤـﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻟﻤـﻒ ﻧـﻮﺩ ‪ -٢٤‬ﺩﺳـﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻱ ‪ -٢٥‬ﭘﺮﻭﺳـﺘﺎﺕ ‪ -٢٧ Penis -٢٦‬ﺍﺳـﻜﺮﻭﺗﻮﻡ ﻭ ‪testes‬‬
‫‪ -٣٠ Post meno Pausal Pelvis -٢٩ Female Pelvis -٢٨‬ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﻋــﺮﻭﻕ ﻣﺤﻴﻄــﻲ ‪ -٣١‬ﻛﺎﺭﻭﺗﻴــﺪ ‪ -٣٥ Chest -٣٤ Brest -٣٣ trans cranial -٣٢‬ﺗﻴﺮﻭﺋﻴــﺪ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﺭﺍﺗﻴﺮﻭﺋﻴــﺪ ﻭ ﻏــﺪﺩ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ‪ -٣٦‬ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ‪ Skeletal‬ﻭ ‪Pediactric Head -٣٧ Softtissue‬‬
‫‪ -٤١ ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous tissue Ablation -٤٠ Three dimensional ultrasound -٣٩ Ultrasoud Contrast agent -٣٨‬ﺍﻭﻟﺘﺮﺍﺳﻮﻧﺪﺍﻧﺪﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻴﻚ‬
‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺪ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ‪ RUSR 2335‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫)‪25.1 Diagnostic Ultrasound of Fetal Anomalies: Principles and Techniques (CD I,II‬‬
‫ـــــ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ‪ ٢‬ﻋﺪﺩ ‪ CD‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ‪ CD‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ ١‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻓﻮﻕﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻩ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺁﻧﻮﻣﺎﻟﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺯﺍﺩﻱ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻴﭙﻴﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ‪ CD‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ ، ٢‬ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪Case‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ‪ Multiple Choice question‬ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻫﺮ ‪ ، Case‬ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ Case‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻄﺮﺡﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ ٢‬ﻋﺪﺩ‬
‫‪ CD‬ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺫﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﻣ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫‪Case‬‬
‫‪Case‬‬
‫‪Case‬‬
‫‪Case‬‬
‫‪Case‬‬
‫‪ Head‬ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫‪٣٦‬‬
‫‪١٩‬‬
‫‪٢‬‬
‫ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺖ‬
‫‪٤‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﻜﺘﺎﻝ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫‪١٦‬‬
‫‪Neural tube‬‬
‫‪Amniotic Fluid‬‬
‫‪٢٠‬‬
‫‪٣‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﻪ‬
‫‪٢‬‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻱ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫‪١٢‬‬
‫‪Body wall‬‬
‫‪Umblical Cord‬‬
‫ﻗﻠﺐ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫‪١٤‬‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫‪٦‬‬
‫‪ Chest‬ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫‪١٢‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺷﻲ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫‪٤‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪(Salekan E-Book‬‬
‫)‪(MANOOP S. BHUTANI, MD, JOHN C. DEUTSCH, MD‬‬
‫‪26.1 Digital Human Anatomy and Endoscopic Ultrasonography‬‬
‫)‪27.1 EBUS (Endo Bronchial Ultrasound‬‬
‫)‪(Gregory G. Ginsberg, Michael L. Kochman‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪Endoscopiy‬‬
‫‪28.1 Endoscopy and Gastrointestinal Radiology‬‬
‫‪Colonoscopy‬‬
‫‪Upper endoscopy‬‬
‫‪Percutaneous Management of Biliary Obstruction‬‬
‫‪Clinical Application of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Abdomen‬‬
‫‪Contrast Radiology‬‬
‫‪Endoscopic Ultrasound‬‬
‫‪Computed Tomography and Ultrasound of the Abdomen and Gastrointestinal Tract‬‬
‫‪Endoscopic Retrograte Cholagiopancreatography‬‬
‫‪29.1 Essentials of Radiology‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ‪ CD‬ﻓﻮﻕ‪ ،‬ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ‪ Case‬ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﺗﻴﭙﻴﻚ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻧﻤﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻄﺮﺡﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
5
‫ﭘﻨﻮﻣﻮﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮ ﺭﻳﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻱ‬
‫ﭘﻨﻮﻣﻮﻛﻮﻧﻴﻮﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ‬
obstetrics
‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻪﺍﻱ‬
٣٠
١٢
٦
٩
١٨
١٦
١٣
‫ﺍﻧﺴﺪﺍﺩ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻓﻮﺭﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ‬
‫ ﺷﻜﻢ‬RUQ ‫ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺪﻩ‬
AIDS
‫ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺎ‬
Breast ‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ‬
٨
١٢
٦
١٢
١٧
١٨
TB
١٥
٧
٧
٧
٥
٣
‫ ﺷﻜﻢ‬RLQ ‫ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺓ ﺑﺎﺭﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻗﻠﺐ‬
‫ﮊﻧﻴﻜﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺭﻭﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺷﻜﻢ‬LLQ ‫ﻛﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻓﻠﻮﺭﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻴﻚ ﺷﻜﻢ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻱ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﻜﻠﺘﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺭﻭﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻣﻐﺰ‬
٢٠
١٦
١
١٣
٢٨
١٢
30.1 Exam Preparation for Diagnostic Ultrasound Abdomen and OB/GYN (RogerC. Sanders, Jann D. Dolk, Nancy Smith Miner)
31.1 Fundamentals of Body CT
‫ــــــ‬
(Second Edition) (W. Richard Webb, M.D. , William E. Brant, M.D. , Clyde A. Helms, M.D.) (Salekan E-Book)
‫ــــــ‬
32.1 Image Data Bank RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY & POSITIONING (APPLETON & LANGE)
‫ــــــ‬
33.1 Imaging Atlas of Human Anatomy
1998
(version 2.0)
(Mosby)
‫ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻳـﺎﺩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺁﻧـﺎﺗﻨﻮﻣﻲ‬.‫ ﻭ ﺳـﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ( ﺁﺷـﻨﺎ ﺷـﻮﻳﺪ‬MRI ، CT Scan ،‫ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﺍﺳـﺖ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴـﻚ‬،‫ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ )ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ ﺿﻤﻨﹰﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺭﺍﻳـﺔ‬.‫ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﻤﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻳﺎﺩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬... ‫ ﺧﻮﺩﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ‬،‫ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‬negative ،‫ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﺑﺰﺭﮒﻧﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‬CD ‫ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻲ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻲ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‬، note
1998
34.1 Imaging of Diffuse Lung Disease (David A. Lynch, MB, John D. Newell Jr, MD, FCCP, Jin Seong Lee, MD)
‫( ﺩﺭ ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫـﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﺘﺸـﺮ‬.... ‫ ﻭ‬MRI,CT-Xray) ‫ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻋﻜﺲﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬، ‫ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝ‬،‫ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ‬.‫( ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬DLN) ‫ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺭﻳﻪ‬١١ ‫ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬CD
.‫ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬، ‫ ﺭﻳﻪ‬،‫ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺭﺯﻳﺪﻧﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ‬Acrobat Reader ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬.‫ﺭﻳﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
: ‫ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻳﻪ‬
‫ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺠﺰﺍ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬X-Ray,CT ‫ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ‬DLD ‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
DLD‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﻐﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺍﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﻫﻮﺍﺋﻲ‬
‫ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺭﻳﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺁﻣﻔﻴﺰﻡ‬
‫ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﺎﻥ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﺭﻳﻮﻱ‬DLD ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﻔﻴﻠﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﻮ ﺭﻳﻪ‬
___
35.1 Imaging of Spinal Trauma in Children (Lawrence R. Kuhns, M.D.) (University of Michigan Medical Center)
Principles AND TECHNIQUES
Normal Spine Variants and Anatomy
Mechanisms and Patterns of Injury
Thoracic Spine Injuries
Epidemiology
Measurements
Occipitocervical Injuries
ATLAS OF SPINAL INJURIES IN CHILDREN
Cervcal Spine
Lumbar Spine
Thoracic Spine
Sacrococcygeal Spine
Lumbar
Special Views and Techniques
Experimental and Necropsy Data
Sacral Injuries
36.1 MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (Third Edition) (Dauld Stark, William Bradley)
.‫ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬CD ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬David Stark ‫ﺳﻪ ﺟﻠﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬
1. Generation and Manipulation of Magnetic Resonance Images
2. Magnetic Resonance: Bioeffects and Safety
3. Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Rendering Technique
4. Principles of Echo Planar Imaging: Implications for Musculoskeletal System
5. MR Imaging of Articular Cartilage and of Cartilage Degneration
6. The Hip
9. The Shoulder
12. The Temporomandibular Joint
10. The Elbow
11. The Wrist and hand
7. The Knee
‫ــــــ‬
8. The Ankle and Foot
13. Kinematic Magnetic Resonance Imaging 14. The Spine
15. Marrow Imaging 16. Bone and Soft-Tissue Tumors 17. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Muscle Injuries
37.1
Magnetic Resonance Imaging computed Tomography of the Head and Spine (C. Barrie Grossman)
38.1 Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Orthopedics and Sport Medicine (David W. Stoller)
MRI ‫ ﺗﻬﻴﺔ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬-١
MRI ‫ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺩﺭ‬-٦
‫ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻮﺳﻜﻮﻟﻮﺍﺳﻜﻠﺘﺎﻝ‬Echo-Planar ‫ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺳﺎﺯﻱ‬-٢
‫ ﻋﻀﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﻔﺼﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺩﮊﻧﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻋﻀﺮﻭﻓﻲ‬MRI -٧
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
:‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻮﭘﺪﻱ ﻭ ﻃﺐ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬MRI ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ‬
‫ ﺳﻪﺑﻌﺪﻱ‬MRI ‫ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺑﺎﺯﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺟﻬﺖ‬-١١
(Hip) ‫ ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﺭﺍﻥ‬-١٢
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ﺗﻮﻣﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮﻡ‬-١٦
‫ ﺁﺳﻴﺒﻬﺎﻱ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﻲ‬MRI -١٧
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫‪ -١٣‬ﺷﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫‪ -١٤‬ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺭﻭﻣﺎﻧﺪﻳﺒﻮﻻﺭ )‪(TMJ‬‬
‫‪ -١٥‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ‪ MRI‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﻣﭻ ﭘﺎ ﻭ ﭘﺎ‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﻣﭻ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺳﺖ‬
‫‪ -١٠‬ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺯﺍﻧﻮ‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﺁﺭﻧﺞ‬
‫‪Kinematic MRI -٥‬‬
‫)‪(Ralphl. Smathers, M.D.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺫﻳﻞ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﭘﺴﺘﺎﻥ‬‫ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺁﺭﺗﻔﻜﺖﻫﺎ‬‫‪ -‬ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ )ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻟﻮﻛﺎﻟﻴﺰﻩ ﺑﺎ ‪ Needle‬ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ(‬
‫‪39.1 Mammography Diagnosis and Intervention‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﺩﻩﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻧﺎﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻣﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺪﺧﻴﻢ ﻭ ‪Aggressive‬‬
‫ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻴﺒﺮﻭﻛﻴﺴﺘﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺩﻩﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺵﺧﻴﻢ‬‫‪ -‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺎﺳﺘﺎﺯ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ‬
‫)‪(O. Ratib & D. Didier‬‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪Aortic Coarcation‬‬
‫‪Miscellaneous‬‬
‫‪Aortic Arch Anomalies‬‬
‫‪Congenital venous anomalies‬‬
‫‪Aortic Arch Anomalies‬‬
‫‪Aequised venous diseases‬‬
‫‪Aortic Aneurysms‬‬
‫‪Pulmonary astesies diseases‬‬
‫‪4th Edition‬‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪40.1 MR Angiography Thoracic Vessels‬‬
‫‪Methods & Techniques‬‬
‫‪Aortitis‬‬
‫)‪41.1 MR Imagin Expert (Geir Torhim, Peter A. Rinck‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫"‪This version is a special adaptation for "Magnetic Resonance in Medicine The Basic Textbook of the European Magnetic Redonance Forum‬‬
‫‪42.1 MRI der Extremitaten‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪43.1 MRI of the BRAIN & SPINE (SCOT W. ATLAS) (LIPPINCOTT-ROVEN‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻳﻚ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﭼﻨﺪﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻚ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ‪ MRI‬ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻜﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻲ ‪ ٣٢‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Imaging‬ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ ٤٠٠٠‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪ MRI‬ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺿﻤﻨﹰﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺭﻭﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪ Sectional‬ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺵ )ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺷﻤﺎﺗﻴﻚ ‪ +‬ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪ +‬ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ‪ (MRI‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﻜﺘﺔ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﻟﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺩﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ‪ Case‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ Case‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ Case‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫‪٥‬‬
‫‪٦‬‬
‫‪٦‬‬
‫‪٦‬‬
‫‪٦‬‬
‫‪٥‬‬
‫‪٣‬‬
‫‪٥‬‬
‫‪٤‬‬
‫‪٥‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺧﻮﻧﺮﻳﺰﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﺍﻛﺮﻳﻨﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺗﻮﻣﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻛﺴﺘﺮﺍﺁﮔﺰﻳﺎﻝ ﻣﻐﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻳﺴﻜﻤﻲ ﻭ ﺁﻧﻔﺎﺭﻛﺘﻮﺱ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﻛﻮﻣﺎﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺳﻼﺗﻮﺭﺳﻴﻜﺎ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﺳﻼﺭ‬
‫ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺭﺍﻝ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﮊﻧﺮﺍﻳﺘﻮ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﻲ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻧﺌﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻧﺨﺎﻉ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ Case‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫‪٧‬‬
‫‪٦‬‬
‫‪٦‬‬
‫‪٥‬‬
‫‪٥‬‬
‫‪٤‬‬
‫‪٥‬‬
‫‪٦‬‬
‫‪٣‬‬
‫‪٣‬‬
‫‪٢‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻠﻲ ﻣﻐﺰ‬
‫ﺗﻮﻣﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﺍﺁﮔﺰﻳﺎﻝ ﻣﻐﺰ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟﻔﻮﺭﻣﺎﺳﻴﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ ﻭ ﺁﻧﻮﺭﻳﺴﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﺍﻛﺮﺍﻳﻨﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺎﻱ ﺳﺮ‬
‫ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﺍﻛﺮﺍﻳﻨﺎﻝ‬
‫‪ Aging‬ﻣﻐﺰ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﺩﮊﻧﺮﺍﻳﺘﻮ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺟﻤﺠﻤﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻭﺭﺑﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺎﻱ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺁﻧﺎﻣﺎﻟﻴﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺯﺍﺩﻱ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻧﺨﺎﻉ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻧﺨﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫)‪44.1 Normal Findings in CT and MRI (Torsten B Moeller, Emil Reif) (Thieme‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪20.3 Obstetric Ultrasound Principles and Techniques‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻧﺪﻩﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕﻫﺎﻱ ﻻﺯﻣﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻣﺎﻣﺎﺋﻲ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺳﻦ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ‪ FL . BPD‬ﻭ ‪ AC‬ﻭ ‪ HC‬ﻭ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬‫ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺭﺣﻢ ﻭ ﺁﺩﻧﻜﺲﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺒﺮﻳﻮ ﻭ ﻛﻴﺴﻪ ﺯﺭﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﻳﻤﺴﺘﺮ ﺍﻭﻝ‬‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﻳﻤﺴﺘﺮ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ‪ Gs‬ﻭ ‪ CRL‬ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﻳﻤﺴﺘﺮ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺳﺮ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺁﻥ‬‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﻳﻤﺴﺘﺮ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ‪ FL‬ﻭ ‪ AC‬ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺟﻔﺖ ﻭ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺁﻣﻨﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ‬‫ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺟﺎﻟﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﻳﻤﺴﺘﺮ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻡ )ﻣﻌﺪﻩ‪ -‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ‪(........‬‬‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻻﻧﻪﮔﺰﻳﻨﻲ ﺟﻔﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺭﻛﻮﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﻭ ﭘﻼﻧﺘﺎﭘﺮﻭﻳﺎ‬‫ ﺍﻧﻔﺎﺭﻛﺘﻮﺱ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺑﻨﺪ ﻧﺎﻑ )‪(Cord Insertion‬‬‫ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻟﻜﻴﻨﻴﻜﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ‪ Case Study‬ﻭ ﻣﻄﺮﺡﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‬‫ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ‪) BPP‬ﺑﻴﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﺎﻝ ﭘﺮﻭﻓﺎﻳﻞ(‬‫‪ -‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺁﻧﻮﻣﺎﻟﻲﻫﺎﻱ ‪ CNS‬ﻭ ‪Body‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫)‪(DAVID A. STRINGER, PAUL S. BABYN, MDCM‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪(Second Edition‬‬
‫‪45.1 PEDIATRIC GASTROINTESTINAL IMAGING AND INTERVENTION‬‬
‫)‪46.1 Peripheral Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Interactive Atlas A CD-ROM (J. E. Cabay, B. Daenen) (R. F. Dondelinger‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ‪ MusculoSkeletal‬ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﭼﺮﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻴﭙﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﺷﻤﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻧﺴﻮﺝ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺳﻄﺤﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﻣﻲﺳﺎﺯﺩ ﻭ ﺿـﻤﻨﹰﺎ ﺍﻣﻜـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺩﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﻲ )‪ (Quiz‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻮﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻮﺳﻜﻮﻟﻮ ﺍﺳﻜﻠﺘﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﺷﻴﻮﺓ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻣﻨﺪ ﺷﻮﻳﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻒ‪ -‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻮﻱ ‪ :General‬ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ‪item‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١٠‬ﭘﻮﺳﺖ‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﻋﺼﺐ‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﻋﺮﻭﻕ‬
‫‪ -٧‬ﻏﻀﺮﻭﻑ ﻓﻴﺒﺮﻭ‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﻏﻀﺮﻭﻑ ﻫﻴﺎﻟﻴﻦ‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﻛﭙﺴﻮﻝ ﻣﻔﺼﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺳﺖ‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﻟﻴﮕﺎﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺗﺎﻧﺪﻭﻥ‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻋﻀﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻮﻱ ‪ :Region‬ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ‪item‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪2- Elbow‬‬
‫‪1- Ankle‬‬
‫‪4- Hand‬‬
‫‪3- Foot‬‬
‫‪5- Hip‬‬
‫‪7- Shoulder‬‬
‫‪6- Knee‬‬
‫‪47.1 Principles of MRI‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪8- Wrist‬‬
‫)‪(Jeery Papp) (Mosby‬‬
‫)‪(UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF RADIOLOGY‬‬
‫‪48.1 Quality Management in the Imaging sciences‬‬
‫‪Interactive Tutorial on Normal Radiology‬‬
‫‪49.1 RADIOLOGIC ANATOMY‬‬
‫ﻼ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﻲﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ‪ (Lower Extremity‬ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻚ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﻢ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﻧـﺪﺍﻡ ﺗﺤﺘـﺎﻧﻲ ﺷـﻜﻞ ﻣـﺬﻛﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ ، CD‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ )ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺩﺭ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺭﺍﺳﺖ( ‪ Click‬ﺷﻮﺩ )ﻣﺜ ﹰ‬
‫‪ Click‬ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ(‪ ،‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺩﺭ ﺳﻤﺖ ﭼﭗ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻚ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺷﻮﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺿﻤﻨﹰﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺩﺭﻫـﺎﻱ ﻓـﻮﻕ‪ ،‬ﺳـﻪ ﻋـﺪﺩ‬
‫‪ Icon‬ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻭﺳﻂ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ‪ ،‬ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻜﻲ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﻋﻀـﻮ ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﻪ ﺁﮔـﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻣـﻞ ﻳﺎﻓـﺖ‪ .‬ﺿـﻤﻨﹰﺎ ﺍﻣﻜـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺩﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﻲ )‪ (Self evaluation‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﻜﺘﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ ، CD‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ‪) Imaging‬ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ‪ ، Plain Film‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺣﺎﺟﺐ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴـﻚ‪ MRI ، CTScan ،‬ﻭ ‪ (...‬ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﺸـﺎﻥﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺗﻜﻨﻴـﻚﻫـﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ‪ Imaging‬ﻫﺮ ﻋﻀﻮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫( ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻧﺼﺐ ‪ : hCD‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻥ ‪ CD‬ﺩﺭ ‪ CD-ROM‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﺘﺎﻥ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ‪ Autoplay menu‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳﺪ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﻪ ‪ my computer‬ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻮ ‪ CD-ROM‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍﺳـﺖﻛﻠﻴـﻚ ﻛﻨﻴـﺪ ﻭ ﮔﺰﻳﻨـﺔ ‪ Open‬ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺨـﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻴـﺪ‬
‫ﺳﭙﺲ ﺭﻭﻱ *‪ ، Setup‬ﺩﺍﺑﻞ ﻛﻠﻴﻚ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺻﻔﺤﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ ‪ radiologic Anatomy installation‬ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺭﺍ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭘﻴﺶﻓﺮﺽ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻠﻴﻚ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ OK‬ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺼﺐ ﭘﻴﻐـﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺒﻨـﻲ ﺑـﺮ ﻧﺼـﺐ ﻛﺎﻣـﻞ ‪CD‬‬
‫ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ‪ OK‬ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻮﻱ ‪ Start‬ﺑﻪ ‪ Program‬ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ‪ radilogic Anatomy‬ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫* ‪icon‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ )‪ (ssetup.apm ، setup.cfg ، ssetup ، Setup.‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻟﻄﻔﹰﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ ‪ setup.exe‬ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(International Medical Multimedia‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪50.1 Radiology Image Bank: Orthopedic Radiology‬‬
‫)‪51.1 Radiology on CD-ROM Diagnosis, Imaging, Intervention (Juan M. Taveras, MD, Joseph T. Ferrucci, MD‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ ، CD‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪Tavers‬‬
‫)ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ( ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 2001‬ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻱ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪Gastrointestinal‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪Vascular‬‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪Cardiac‬‬
‫‪Breast Imaging -٧‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻚ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
‫‪ -١٠‬ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪Adbomen‬‬
‫‪ -١١‬ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪Skeletal‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪Pulmonary‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪Genitourinary‬‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﻧﻮﺭﻭﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺳﺮ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﻥ‬
‫)‪52.1 REVIEW FOR THE Radiography Examination (A & LERT) (McGrow-Hill's‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪(Thieme‬‬
‫)‪53.1 Teaching Atlas of Mammography (Laszlo Tabar, Peter B. Dean‬‬
‫‪54.1 The Basics of MRI of NMR‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪(Joseph P. Hornak, Ph.D.‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪55.1 The Encyclopaedia of Medical Imaging from NICER‬‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫)‪56.1 THE MRI TEACHING FILE (Robert B. Lufkin, William G. Bradley, Jr., Michael Brant-Zawadzki‬‬
‫‪ CD‬ﻓﻮﻕ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ‪Case‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﺔ ‪ MRI‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ‪ Case‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻫﺮ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻌـﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫‪Case‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻄﺮﺡﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺫﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪Case‬‬
‫‪١٠٠‬‬
‫‪١٠٤‬‬
‫ﺳﺮ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﻥ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻗﻠﺒﻲﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫‪١٠‬‬
‫‪١٠٢‬‬
‫‪ MRA‬ﻣﻐﺰ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻪ‬
‫‪١٠٢‬‬
‫‪١٠٠‬‬
‫‪١٠٠‬‬
‫ﻧﺌﻮﭘﻼﺳﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﻲ ﺍﺳﻜﻠﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻭ ﺁﺭﺗﻴﻔﻜﺖﻫﺎ‬
‫‪٢٠١‬‬
‫‪١٠٠‬‬
‫‪١٠٠‬‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﺌﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﻣﻐﺰ‬
‫ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
8
57.1 THE RADIOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA High-Resolution CT of the Lung II (DAVID A. LYNCH, MD)
(NUMBER 1 VOLUME 40)
‫ــــــ‬
:‫ ﺭﻳﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬HRCT ‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﺫﻳﻞ ﺩﺭﺧﺼﻮﺹ‬The Radiologic clinics of North America ‫ ﺑﺮﮔﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺟﻠﺪ ﭼﻬﻠﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻬﺎﻱ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻭﻧﺸﻜﺘﺎﺯﻱ‬Air Way ‫ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ‬CT Scan ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺷﻐﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﺭﻳﻪ‬HRCT ‫ ﻧﻘﺶ‬‫( ﺭﻳﻪ‬quantitative) ‫ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻲ‬CT -
Peripheral Airways ‫ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ‬HRCT Drug-Induced ‫ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺭﻳﻮﻱ‬HRCT -
‫ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻣﻔﻴﺰﻡ‬CT Scan -
Non-TB ‫ ﻭ‬TB ‫ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺎﻳﻜﻮﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ‬CT Scan
‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺭﻳﻮﻱ ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ‬HRCT ‫ ﻧﻘﺶ‬‫ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺒﻮﺁﻣﺒﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺭﻳﻮﻱ‬CT Scan -
‫ ﻧﺪﻭﻝ ﻣﻨﻔﺮﺩ ﺭﻳﻮﻱ‬-
58.1 THE RADIOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA Imaging of Musculoskeletal and Spinal Infections
• PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES
1. Epidemiology
3. Normal Spine Variants and Anatomy
2. Thoracic Spine Injuries
4. Experimental and Necropsy Data
• ATLAS OF SPINE INJURIES IN CHILDREN
1. Cervcal Spine
2. Thoracic Spine
3. Lumbar Spine
5. Measurements
6. Special Views and Techniwques
1999
7. Sacral Injuries
8. Occipitocervical Injuries
9- Mechanisms and Patterns of Injury
4. Sacrococcygeal Spine
59.1 THE RADIOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA Pediatric Musuloskeletal Pediatric Radiology
(SALEKAN E-BOOK)
(James S. Meyer, MD)
2001
:‫ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
y Ultrasound in Padiatric Musculoskeletal Disease: Teachinques and Applications y Nuclear Medicnine Topics in Pediatric Musculoskeletal Disease: Teachinques and Applications
y Imaging of Musculoskeletal Infections y Malignant and Benign Bone Tumors
y Magnetic Rsonance Imaging of Musculoskeletal Soft Tissue Mass y Imaging of Pediatric Hip Disorder
y Imaging of Pediatric Foot Disorder in Children y Imaging of Sports Injuries in Children and Adolescents y A Pragmatic Approach to the Radiologic Diagnosis of Pediatric Syndromes and Skeletal Dysplasias
y The Orthopedists Perspective: Bone Tumors, Scoliosis, and Trauma y Imaging of Crowth Distubance in Children y Imaging of Child Abuse
60.1 THE RADIOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA Update on Nuclear Medicine
61.1
‫ــــــ‬
THE RADIOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA Update on Ultrasonography (FAYE C. LAING, MD) (W.B. SAUNDERS COMPABY)
‫ــــــ‬
:‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﺫﻳﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‬The Radiologic Clinics Of North America ‫ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫﺎﻱ‬٣٩ ‫ ﺑﺮﮔﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺟﻠﺪ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺭﻭﺯ‬-١
‫ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺣﺎﺟﺐ ﺍﻭﻟﺘﺮﺍﺳﻮﻧﺪ‬-٢ ‫( ﺗﺤﺖ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ‬intervention) ‫ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺍﻱ‬-٣
‫ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‬-٤ ‫ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻓﻌﻠﻲ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻴﻚ‬-٥
‫ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺳﻜﻮﻟﻮﺍﺳﻜﻠﺘﺎﻝ‬-٦
Breast ‫ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ‬-٧ Gynecology ‫ ﻭ‬Obstetric ‫ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺳﻪﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﺩﺭ‬-٨
Gynecologic ‫ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ‬-٩
‫ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﺍﺗﺴﺎﻉ ﺑﻄﻦﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺧﻮﻧﺮﻳﺰﻱ‬-١٠
‫ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ‬-١١
‫ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﺗﻴﺪ‬-١٢
Ultrasound Atlas of Vascular Diseases (Carol A. Krebs, RT, RDMS, Vishan L. Giyanani, , Ronald L. Eisenberg) (APPLETON & LANGE Stamford, Connecticut) (SALEKAN E-Book)
63.1 Ultrasound Teaching Manual The basics of Performing and Interpreting Ultrasound Scans (Matthias Hofer) (With the collaboration of Tatjana Reihs) (Thieme)
64.1 Uterosalpingography in Gynecology Hysterospingography (Salekan E-Book)
65.1 VOXEL-MAN 3D-Navigator Brain and Skull (Regional, Functional, and Radiological Anatomy) (IMDM university Hospital Eppendorf, Humburg) (Springer)
62.1
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
:‫ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺫﻳﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD ‫ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﻴﻮﺓ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻜﻲ‬CD ‫ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺗﻨﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻋﺪﺩ‬Interactive ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻃﻠﺲ ﺳﻪﺑﻌﺪﻱ‬
‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﻫﺮ‬.‫ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺷﻜﻢ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬horizontal ‫ ﻭ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ‬Ventricol ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺳﻪﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﻗﻔﺴﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ‬:‫ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﺳﻪﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺗﻨﻪ‬:١-١ :‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻭﻝ( ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ‬
: ٣-١
(‫ ﺷﺒﻴﻪﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﮔﺎﺳﺘﺮﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﺑـﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴـﺖ ﺣﺮﻛـﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀـﺎﻱ ﻣـﺮﻱ ﻭ ﻣﻌـﺪﻩ‬،‫ ﻛﺒﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ‬، ‫ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺼﺒﻲ‬،‫ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ‬،‫ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﺍﺳﻜﻠﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻧﻲ‬٩ ‫ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬: ٢-١
.‫ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬١٨٠o ‫ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻭ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ‬
.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬Sagittal ‫ ﻭ‬Coronal ‫ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻋﺮﺿﻲ ﺳﻄﻮﺡ‬٢ ‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬:‫ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻋﺮﺿﻲ‬
‫ ﺗﻮﻣﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ‬:‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ( ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
(‫ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻋﺮﺿﻲ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻜﻲ )ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺣﺮﻛﺖﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬-٢-١
CT ‫ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻋﺮﺿﻲ‬-١-١
‫ ﺷﺒﻴﻪﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﻭﻟﺘﺮﺍﺳﻮﻧﻴﻚ ﻛﺒﺪ‬-٤-١
‫ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺳﻪﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻋﺮﺿﻲ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻜﻲ‬CT ‫ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬-٣-١
‫ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎ‬X-ray ‫ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬-٤-٢
‫ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻔﺮﺩ‬X-ray ‫ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬-٣-٢
‫ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻜﻢ‬X-ray ‫ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬-٢-٢
‫ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻔﺴﺔ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ‬X-ray ‫ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬-١-٢
X-ray ‫ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬‫ﻣﺎﺭﻙﺩﺍﺭﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺤﻲ‬
‫ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬Zoom ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬
‫ﻼ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺳﺎﺯﻱﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
.‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺟﺬﺍﺑﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬
‫ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﻻﺗﻴﻦ‬،‫ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻨﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬
Intractive ‫ﻧﺎﻣﮕﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺼﺎﺋﻴﺮ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ‬
.‫ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ‬١٠٠MB ‫ ﭘﻴﻜﺴﻞ ﻭ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﺔ‬١٠٢٤ * ٧٦٨ ‫ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﺿﻮﺡ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﮕﺮ‬CD ‫ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩْﺓ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬:‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
9
VOXEL-MAN 3D-Navigator Inner Organs (Regional, Systemic and Radiological Anatomy) (IMDM university Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg)
67.1 Whole Body Computed Tomography (Second Edition) (Otto H. Wegener) (Blackwell Science)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
66.1
:‫ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CT Scan ‫ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺟﺰﺀ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰﺀ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﮔﻮﻳﺎﻱ‬CT Scan ‫ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﻭ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻚ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ‬،‫ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ‬٢٨ ‫ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻲ‬CD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
CT Scan ‫ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻜﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻱ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‬
(‫ﺟﻨﺐ )ﭘﻠﻮﺭ‬
‫ﭘﺎﻧﻜﺮﺍﺱ‬
CT Scan ‫ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺪﻳﺎﺳﺘﻦ‬
‫ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﺓ ﻗﻔﺴﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺵ‬
CT Scan ‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻗﻠﺐ‬
‫ﻛﺒﺪ‬
‫ﺣﻔﺮﺓ ﭘﺮﻳﺘﻮﺋﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺣﺎﺟﺐ‬
‫ﺭﻳﻪﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﻭﻱ‬
‫ﻃﺤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺗﻮﻣﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻟﮕﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻧﻲ‬
CT ‫ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
‫ﺍﺭﮔﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﻠﻲ ﺯﻥ‬
‫ﺣﻔﺮﺓ ﺭﺗﺮﻭﭘﺮﻳﺘﻮﺋﻦ‬
‫ﻋﻀﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺗﻮﻣﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺴﺞ ﻧﺮﻡ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻏﺪﺩ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻛﻠﻴﻮﻱ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺳﻤﻴﻨﺎﻝ ﻭﺯﻳﻜﻮﻝﻫﺎ‬
‫ ﺣﻠﻖ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ‬،‫ ﮔﻮﺵ‬-٢
CD ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
1.2
2.2
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫ــــــ‬
A Case Approach to Open Structure Rhinoplasty (Calevln, Johnson)
Advanced Rhinoplasty Techniques Cosmetic Rhinoplasty (Rollin K. Daniel, M.D.)
‫ــــــ‬
Analysis,
Marking & Anesthesia, Closed/Open Approach, Septum Exposure, Exposure & Dorsal Reduction, Caudal Septum Resection, Ideal Profile Line, Open Approach, Tip Analysis, Septoplasty &
Septal Harvest, Grafts, Spreaser Grafts, Grural Strut, Tip Suture Technique, Closure, Nostril Sill Alar Wedge, Composite Graft, Lateral Osteotomy, Final Steps, Acknowledgments
3.2
Advanced Therapy of OTITIS MEDIA
2004
4.2
Aesthetic Facial Plastic Surgery
‫ــــــ‬
5.2
Aesthetic Rhinoplasty (second Edition) (Jacizh-SHEEN, Anitra SHEEN) (Volume 1, 2)
‫ــــــ‬
6.2
An Atlas of Head & Neck Surgery (John M. Lore, Jr., M.D, Jesus E. Medina) (CD I , II)
2005
7.2
8.2
Aphasia & Related Neurogenic Language Disorders (Third Edition) (Leonard L. LaPointe, Ph.D.)
Atlas D'ORL Realise avec la collaboration des (Dr Michel Boucherat, Dr Jean-Robert Blondeau)
-Anatomie de l’oreille normale - Images pathologiques
- Cas cliniques
-Anatomie naso-sinusienne normale
-Images pathologiques
- Cas cliniques
- Rappels des principes de la TDM et de l’IRM
2005
‫ــــــ‬
9.2
Atlas of Head & Neck Surgery Otolaryngology (TEXTBOOK) (Byron J. Bailey, Karen H. Calhoun, Amy R. Coffey, J. Gail Neely)
‫ــــــ‬
A Multidisciplinary Approach( Romo & Millman)
1- Atlas :
:‫ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٢٥ ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ‬.‫ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻲ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٢٥ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬
- Head & Neck Surgery :
:‫ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٦ .‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.... ‫ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻴﻬﻮﺷﻲ ﻭ‬،‫ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‬٦ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬
• Salivary Gland • Nose & maxilla • Oral Clarity • Ear
• Neck & Larynx
• Thyroid & Parathyroid
- Otologic procedures
:
• Middle Ear and Ossicular Chain
• Tran temporal Skull Base
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery :
• Larygoplasty, Rhytidectomy, Rhinoplasty
- Pediatric and General Otolaryngology
• Frontal Sinus
• Mandibular Surgery, Local & Regional Flaps,
• Excision of skin Lesions
:
• Nasal Polypectomy
2- Bilbo Med Medline :.
• Congenital Aural Base
• Ton Sillectomy
‫ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮﺗﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﺪ‬،‫ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ‬،‫ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻭﺍﮊﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬،‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
3- Head & Neck Surgery:
- Textbook
- Drug Reference
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫‪- Textbook :‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺔ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ‪ Bailey‬ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﮔﻮﻳﺎ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ ١٨٠‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٤‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪1- Basic Science / General Medicine‬‬
‫)ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﮔﻮﺵ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﺩﻥ(‬
‫‪2- Head & Neck :‬‬
‫‪3- Otology‬‬
‫‪4- Facial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery‬‬
‫‪- Drug Reference :‬‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻭ ﮊﻧﻮﺗﻴﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ) ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﺩﺓ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺗﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺭﻣﺎﻛﻮﻛﺴﻴﻚ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﻭ‪(.....‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪10.2 Atlas of Rhinoplasty Open and Endonasal Approaches (Gilbert Aiach, M.D‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪11.2 AUDIOLOGY The Fundamentals (Third Edition) (Fred H. Bess, Larry E. Humes‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪12.2 Causes of FAILURE in STAPES SURGERY (VCD I‬‬
‫)‪(Howard P. House, TED N. Steffen‬‬
‫)‪PITFALLS in STAPES SURGERY (VCD II‬‬
‫)‪STAPEDECTOMY (Prefabricated Wire-Loop and Gelfoam Technique) (VCD III‬‬
‫)‪13.2 Chirurgia Endoscopica Dei Seni Paranasali (A Cura di E. Pasquini G. Farneti‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪3. Aspetti radiologici‬‬
‫‪1. Principi di anatomia endoscopica‬‬
‫‪2. Tecnica chirurgica‬‬
‫‪14.2 Clinical Otoscopy‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫‪CD‬‬
‫)‪An Introduction To Ear Diseases (Michael Hawke, Malcolm Keene, Peter w. Alberti‬‬
‫)‪15.2 Cobblation Assisted Tonsillectomy (CAT) __ Cobblation Assisted Procedures (VCD) (CD I , II‬‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺓ ‪ ١‬ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺗﻮﻧﺴﻴﻞﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ‪ Coblation‬ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ VCD‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪2- Lop – off "CAT" technique‬‬
‫‪3- Coblation Assisted tonsilectomg‬‬
‫‪1- Subtotal Cololation Assisted tonsillectomy‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ‪ CD‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺓ ‪ ٢‬ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ‪ Coblation‬ﻛﻪ ﺗﺤﻮﻟﻲ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻄﻪ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ‪ ENT‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻣﻮﺍﺝ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻓﺮﻛﻮﺋﻨﺴﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﻄﻪ ﭘﻼﺳـﻤﺎ ﻣـﺎﻳﻊ ﻣـﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺰﺍﻳـﺎﻱ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧـﻲ ﺑـﺮ ﺩﺳـﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﻟﻴـﺰﺭ ﻭ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻓﺮﻛﻮﺋﻨﺴﻲ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﺪﻡ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻲﻫﻮﺷﻲ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﺮﭘﺎﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ‪ recovery‬ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭﺩ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺘﻲ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭﺩ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻇﺮﺍﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻤﻴﺰﻱ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﻮﺳـﺘﺎﺯ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﺣﺼﻮﻝ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻲ ﻓﻮﻕﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻩ ﺟﺮﺍﺡ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻄﺔ ‪ ENT‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫‪1- Coblation channeling of the inferior turbinate‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﻲﺣﺴﻲ ﻟﻮﻛﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺴﺪﺍﺩ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻴﭙﺮﺗﺮﻭﻓﻲ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ‪ Channeling‬ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺭﻳﺪﺍﻛﺸﻦ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﻼﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﹰﺎ ﺑﻲﺩﺭﺩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪2- Coblation channeling of the Soft palate‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ‪ Channeling‬ﻛﺎﻡ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﺮﺧﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺳﺮﭘﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﻲﺣﺴﻲ ﻟﻮﻛﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﹰﺎ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﺩﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺎﺩﺙ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪3- Coblation channeling of the tonsil‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﭙﺮﺗﺮﻭﻧﻲ ﺗﻮﻧﺴﻴﻠﺮ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ‪ bulk‬ﺗﻮﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻛﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺳﺮﭘﺎﻳﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﻲﻫﻮﺷﻲ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺎﺩﺙ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﹰﺎ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﺩﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻻ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩﻱ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺗﻮﻧﺴﻴﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻮﻧﺴﻴﻠﻴﺖ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﻮﻧﺴﻴﻠﻜﺘﻮﻣﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﺩ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻌﻤﻮ ﹰ‬
‫)‪(EIJI YANAGISAWA, MD‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫)‪4- Coblation Assisted Tonsillectomy(CAT‬‬
‫‪16.2 Color Atlas of Diagnostic Endoscopy in Otorhinolaryngolgy‬‬
‫)‪(Salekan E-book) (Richard A. Chole, MD, PhL, James W. Forsen‬‬
‫‪17.2 Color Atlas of Ear Disease‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪18.2 Color Atlas of Otoscopy From Diagnosis to Surgery (Mario Snna‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪19.2 Cosmetic Blepharolasty & Facial Rejuvenation‬‬
‫)‪(Stephen L. Bosniak, M.D.,‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫)‪(CD 1-6‬‬
‫)‪20.2 Cosmetic Surgery of the Asian Face (John A. McCurdy, Samuel M. Lan‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫)‪(E-Book & Image Colleciton) (Volume 1-4‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪22.2 Current Diagnosis & Treatment in OTOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD & NECK SURGERY (Anil K. Lalwani, MD‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫)‪(Second Edition‬‬
‫)‪(Kari-Bernd Huettenbrink‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫)‪21.2 Cumming's Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery (Fourth Edition‬‬
‫‪23.2 Current Topics in Otolaryngology -Head & Neck Surgery Lasers in Otorhinolaryngology‬‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
24.2 DALLAS RHINOPLASTY
11
Nasal Surgery by the Masters (Reducing Tip Projection and Nostrill Show Via the Open Approach) (CD I , II)
VCD: 1
1) Cadaveric Rhinoplasty Dissection Technique
2) Role of Component Dorsal Reduction: Spreader Grafts in the Deviated Nose
2002
VCD: 2
Reducing Tip Projection and Nostril Show Via the Open Approach
:‫ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺭﻳﻨﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻭﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬،‫ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﭙﻮﺯﻳﻮﻡ ﺭﻳﻨﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﺩﺍﻻﺱ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬١ ‫ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺓ‬VCD ‫ﺩﺭ‬
1)
Exposure/Nasal incisions
A. Closed endonasal approach
- Intracartilaginous (IC)
incision
B. Cartilage delivery technique
- Infracartilaginous incision
- Intercartilaginous incision
C. Open Rhinoplasty approach
- Transcolumellar incision
2) Tip Alteration
3) Sptal reconstraction
4) Osteotmies
5) Adjuctive techniques/Closure
A. Columellar Stat placement
A. Septal reconstraction
A. Medial Osteotomy
A. Alare base resection
- Intercarural suture stabilization
- Inferior tarbinate resection
B. Lateral Osteotomy
- Correction of alalr flaring
B. Controlling dome angalation
(Submacosal)
C. External Osteotomy
- Diminishing nostril shape
and tip defining points
- Septal reconstruction
B. Closare
- Interdomal sutures
B. Modification of the dorsum
C. Splints
- Transdomal Satares
- Component dorsum
C. Correction of alar
reduction
pinching/notching
- Spreader graft placement
- lateral crural strut grafts
- Alar contour grafts
D. Tip grafts
- Infratip graft
- Onlay tip graft
‫ ﺑـﻪ‬Gunter ‫ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳـﭙﺲ ﺩﻛﺘـﺮ‬VCD ‫ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬Open ‫ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺭﻳﻨﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﭘﺮﻭﭺ‬Gunter ‫ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺁﻗﺎﻱ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬nostril show , Projected tip ‫ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻜﻞ‬٢ ‫ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺓ‬VCD ‫ﺩﺭ‬
.‫ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻇﺮﺍﻓﺖ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬.‫ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻧﺎﺯﻭﻧﺎﺷﻴﺎﻝ ﻭﻱ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‬
4) Transaction of lat Crura
3) Underminig tip Skin
2) Infracartilaginous and trans columellar incisions
1)Complete transfixion incision
8) Reduction of dorsal septum (DS) and upper lateral cartilage (ULC)
7) reduction of bony darsum (BD)
6) Preparing submucosal tunnels
5) Resection of feet of medial crura
12) Cephalic resection of lateral Crura (LC)
11) Spreader grafts
10) Medial asteomius
9) Harvesting Septal cartilages for grafting
16) Final adjustment of dorsal height
15) Lateral asteotomy Cinternal
14) Aligning the dorsum
13) Preparation for lateral crural grafts (LCSG)
19) Closure
18) Placement of lateral crural strut grafts
17) Columellar strt placemend
!!‫ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺭﻳﺪﺍﻛﺸﻦ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻧﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﻠﺐ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬VCD ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﺪ‬
25.2 Dallas Rhinoplasty (Nasal Surgery by the Masters) (Salekan E-Book) (Volume 1, 2)
‫ــــــ‬
26.2 Diseases of the Sinuses Diagnosis and Management
‫ــــــ‬
(Darid W. Kennedy, MD, FRCSI, William E. Bolger, MD, FACS, S. James Zinreich, MD)
.‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﹰﺎ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻓﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﻧﺎﺯﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
2001 ‫ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺱ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﻟﻴﻒ ﺁﻗﺎﻱ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺩﻳﻮﻳﺪﻛﻨﺪﻱ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺳﺎﻝ‬text book ، CD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
27.2 EENT Welch Allyn Institute of Interactive Learning
‫ــــــ‬
28.2 ENDONASAL SINUSECTOMY WITH CORRECTION OF THE NASAL CAVITY (Rikio Ashikawe, Takashi Ohmae, Toshio Ohnisshi, Yutaka Uchida)
‫ــــــ‬
The Endonasal sinusectomy with correction of the nasal cavity (Takahash's methodn) is carried out in seven steps.
29.2 Endoscopic Assisted Procedures used in Astatic Facial Plastic Surgery (VCD) (CD I , II)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﻗـﺪﻡ‬.‫ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻴﻚ ﻣﺎﻻﺭﻭﻓﺮﻭﻧﺘﺎﻝ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﻫﻨﺮﻱ ﺩﻟﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬.‫ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﺎﺭﻝ ﺍﺷﺘﻮﺭﺗﺰ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻳﺪ‬،‫ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ‬VCD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﮔﺬﺍﺭﺩ‬Endoscopic forehead rhytidectomy and brow elevation ‫ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‬Grlecory S. Keller ‫ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬.‫( ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ‬closure) ‫ﺑﻪ ﻗﺪﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﻭﻱ ﭘﺮﺕ ﻭ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺵﻫﺎ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﻞ‬
Extended Composite face Lift
Endoscopic midface Lift
Endoscopic forehead Lift
:‫ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬Endoscopic assisted forehead and face lifting ‫ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬VCD ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﺁﻻﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ‬،‫ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺳﻪﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬.‫ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺑﻌﺪ( ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬٢) ‫ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻞ‬.‫ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻓﻮﺍﻳﺪ ﻫﺮ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻳﺪ‬
.‫ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬
30.2 Endoscopic Management of Cholesteatoma
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
(Muaaz Tarabichi) (CD I , II)
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
2005
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
12
(SALEKAN-eBook)
‫ ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻳﻲﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻦﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﺁﻻﺕ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻧﺪﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻴﻚ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺱ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻲ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﻳﺴﺘﺎﺩﻥ ﻳﺎ‬.‫ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻴﻠﺪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﺪﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻴﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻳﺪ‬CD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫( ﺑـﻪ‬Atlas and textbook) ‫ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺁﻧﺪﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻴﻚ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺱﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻧﺎﺯﺍﻝ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻭ ﮔـﺮﺍﻑ‬.‫ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻳﺴﻜﺸﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬.‫ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻦ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD ‫ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ﺷﻤﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬
31.2 Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
1- Consistent and Relible Anatomical Landmarks in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
32.2 Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
2- Surgical Instrumentation
3- Setup and patient positioning
4- Basic Dissection
‫ــــــ‬
5- Advanced Dissection
Anatomy Three-Dimensional Reconstruction, & Surgical Technique (Peter-John Wormald)
2005
33.2 Endoscopic Sinus Surgery NEW HORIZONS (Nikhil J. Bhatt, M.D.)
‫ــــــ‬
34.2 Essentials of Septorhinoplasty philosophy-Approaches-Techniques
2004
35.2 EVIDENCE-BASED OTITIS MEDIA (Richard M. Rosenfeld, MD, MPH, Charles D. Bluestone, MD)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬـﺎ ﻧﺘـﺎﻳﺞ ﺩﺭﻣـﺎﻥ‬.‫ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﻭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‬،‫ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ‬،‫ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﻭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‬،‫ ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﭘﻴﺪﻣﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺷﻜﺎﻓﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﺗﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬.‫ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻭﺗﻴﺖ ﻣﺪﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻲ ﺍﺻﻮﻟﻲ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻳﺪ‬CD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD ‫ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﺩﺭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﻮﺩﻙ ﻭ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﺍﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‬.‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬
1- Methodology
2- Clinical Management
3- Consequences and Sequelae
36.2 Facial Nerve Surgery (Jack L. Pulec, M.D.)
37.2 Facial Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery
Otologic Medical Group, Inc. Los Angeies
‫ــــــ‬
(Terence M. Davidson, MD) (VCD I , II)
‫ــــــ‬
38.2 Functional & Selective Neck Dissection (Javier Gavihin, Jesus Herranz, Lawrence W. Desanto)
2004
39.2 Functional Reconstructive Nasal Surgery (egbert H. Huizing)
‫ــــــ‬
40.2 Handbook of Clinical Audiology
‫ــــــ‬
(Fifth Edition) (Jack Katz, Ph.D.)
41.2 Head and Neck Surgery (Jatin P Shah, MD, MS (Surg), FACS) (Mosby)
‫ــــــ‬
42.2 HEAD, FACE, AND NECK TRAUMA COMPREHENSIVE MANAGEMENT (Michael G. Stewart, M.D., M.P.H.)
2005
‫ــــــ‬
43.2 Hearing ITS Physiology & Pthophysiology
(Aage R. Moller, ph.d)
44.2 Imaging of the Temporal Bone (Third Edition) (Joel D. Swartz, H. Ric Harnsberger)
‫ــــــ‬
45.2 Introduction to Ear Acupuncture (Martin Franke)
2001
‫ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺐ ﺳﻮﺯﻧﻲ ﮔﻮﺵ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻃـﺐ‬.‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻃﺐ ﺳﻮﺯﻧﻲ ﮔﻮﺵ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻳﺪ‬Thieme ‫ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺎﺭﺗﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﻚ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬CD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﺪ‬... ‫ ﺍﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﮕﺎﺭ ﻭ‬،‫ ﺳﺮﮔﻴﺠﻪ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ‬،‫ﺳﻮﺯﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﻣﻴﮕﺮﻥ‬
1- Localization Assignment
2- Localization Determination
3- Treatment
4- Evaluation
46.2 La Rhinoplastica Ragionata (Valerio Micheli-Pellegrini, Roberto Polselli)
‫ــــــ‬
47.2 Local Flaps in Head and Neck Reconstruction (Lan T. Jackson, M,D.) (SALEKAN E-BOOK)
2002
48.2 Medical Speech-Lanaguage Pathology A Practitioner's Guide
‫ــــــ‬
(Alex F. Johnson, Barbara H. Jacobson)
49.2 Nasal Aesthetics and Anatomy: A Cadaver Study (Rollin K. Daniel, M.D.)
‫ــــــ‬
50.2 Oculoplastic Surgery (William P. Chen)
‫ــــــ‬
51.2 Office-Based Surgery in Otolaryngology (Andrew Blizer, Harold C. Pillsbury, Anthony F. Jahn)
‫ــــــ‬
52.2 OPEN RHINOPLASTY Cadaver Dissection Program (Dean M. Toriumi, MD.) (Vol I , II) (College of Medicine at Chicago)
‫ــــــ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪13‬‬
‫‪7- Management of Lower third of the nose‬‬
‫‪- Cephalic trimming of lateral Crura‬‬
‫‪- Satured – in – place Collamellar Strut‬‬
‫‪- Transdomal Sutur‬‬
‫‪- Sutured – in – place tip‬‬
‫‪8- Chin augmentation‬‬
‫‪- Preparation of the implant‬‬
‫‪- Incision and dissection‬‬
‫‪- placement of Implant‬‬
‫‪5- Management of Middle Nasal Vault‬‬
‫‪- Division of apper Lateral Cartilages from septum‬‬
‫‪- Application of Spreader grafts‬‬
‫‪3- Open Rhinoplasty approach‬‬
‫‪- Incisions‬‬
‫‪- Flap Elevation‬‬
‫‪1- Access to nasal Septum‬‬
‫‪- Hemitrans Fixatu incision‬‬
‫‪- Havvestiong Septal Cartilage‬‬
‫‪6- Major septal reconstruction‬‬
‫‪- Reconstraction of L-Shaped Septal Strat‬‬
‫‪4- Stractural grafts used in Secondary‬‬
‫‪- loteral Crural grafts‬‬
‫‪- Alar Batten grafts‬‬
‫‪2- Havvestiog of Conchal Cartilage‬‬
‫‪- Anterior approach for harvestiog Cartilage‬‬
‫‪- Flap elevention‬‬
‫‪- Cartilage excision‬‬
‫‪- Closure and dressing‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫)‪53.2 Open Structure Rhinoplasty (A Case Oriented Approach) (CD I , II‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪54.2 Open Tip Graft in Twin Patient (Rollin K. Daniel, M.D.‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪55.2 Ophthalmic & Facial Plastic Surgery‬‬
‫‪Analysis, Operative Planning, Twins Pre and Post, Anesthesia, Transfixion Incision, Septal Harvest, Open Approach, Exposure, Tip Anatomy, Tim Strips, Graft Preparation, Radix Graft, Crural Strut,‬‬
‫‪Domal Excision, Graft, Shaping, Graft, Insertion, Closure, Post Op Result, Credits‬‬
‫)‪(Frank A. Nasi., Geoffrey J. Gladstone, Brian G. Brazzo‬‬
‫‪2003‬‬
‫)‪(SIXTEENTH EDITION) (James B, Snow Jr, MD, John Jacob Ballenger, MD,‬‬
‫‪Head and Neck Surgery‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪Laryngology‬‬
‫‪Bronchoesphagology‬‬
‫‪Rhinology‬‬
‫‪Pediatric Otolaryngology‬‬
‫‪56.2 Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery‬‬
‫‪Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery‬‬
‫‪Otology and Neurotology‬‬
‫)‪57.2 Plastic Surgery (Fifth Edition) (Grabb and Smith's) (Salekan E-Book‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ ‪ ٩٢‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺩﺭ ‪ ٧‬ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻋﻼﻗﻤﻨﺪﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻭ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﺔ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺑﻮﺭﺩ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺳﻮﺩﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻭﻝ‪ General Reconstruction :‬ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ ﺯﺧﻢ‪ ،‬ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺁﻧﺸﺮﻱ‪ ، implants ،‬ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ‪ flap‬ﻭ ‪ graft‬ﻭ ‪ ...‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻮﻣﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺯﺍﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺑﺎ ‪ Moths‬ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺳﻮﻡ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺳﺮ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ )ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺩﻓﺮﻳﺘﻤﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺮ ﻭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﺗﻮﭘﻼﺳﻤﻲ ‪ Reconstruction ،‬ﺑﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﺵ ﻭ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻭ ﻟﺐ ﻭ ‪ (...‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ‪ :‬ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ ، dermabrasion, peeling) :‬ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻛﻼﮊﻥ ﺑﻠﻔﺎﺭﻭﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﭙﻮﺳﺎﻛﺸﻦ‪ (...endoscopic plastic surgery ،‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ‪ :‬ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻤﻲ ‪ breast‬ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﻣﺎﻣﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﭙﻠﻴﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﻴﺤﻴﺤﻲ ﮊﻳﻨﻜﻮﻣﺎﺳﺘﻲ ﻭ ‪ ...‬ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺷﺸﻢ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻤﻲ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﻔﺘﻢ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻨﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺯﺧﻢ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ‪ Reconstruction ،‬ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﺓ ﺷﻜﻢ ﻭ ‪.....‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ‪ :‬ﺑﺤﺚ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﮊﻧﻴﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻫﻴﭙﻮﺳﭙﺎﺩﻳﺎﺱ ﻭ ‪ Reconstruction of peni‬ﻭ‪....‬‬
‫ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﺎﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ‪ Fitzpatrick‬ﻭ ‪ Goldman‬ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ‪ Alster‬ﺳﻪ ﺗﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻄﺮﺡﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﺔ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺳﻌﻲ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻳﻢ ﻳﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘـﺎﺕ ﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩ ﺍﺧﻞ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﺔ ‪ rejuvenation‬ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪Primary‬‬
‫‪Rhinoplasty‬‬
‫‪(Bahman‬‬
‫)‪Guyuron, MD, FACS, Cleveland, Ohio) (VCD‬‬
‫‪58.2‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ VCD‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﺎﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻋﺰﻳﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺁﻗﺎﻱ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺑﻬﻤﻦ ﻏﻴﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ‪ Ohio‬ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻳﻚ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺭﻳﻨﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﭘﺮﻭﺝ ‪ Open‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻋﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺩﺧﺘﺮ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ‪ Case‬ﻓﻮﻕﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺭﻳﻨﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺁﻗﺎﻱ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﻏﻴﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺎﺯﻭﻓﺎﺷﻴﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻇﺮﺍﻓﺖ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻱ ﺍﻣﺮ )ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻭ ﺑﻲﺣﺴﻲ ﺗﻮﭘﻴﻜﺎﻝ( ﺗﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎ )ﭘﺎﻧﺴﻤﺎﻥ( ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣـﻲﻛﻨﻨـﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﻳـﺪﻥ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬
‫‪ VCD‬ﺭﺍ ﺍﻛﻴﺪﹰﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪(ROBERT L. SIMONS, MD., NORTH MIAMI BEACH, FLORIDA) (VCD) (CD I , II‬‬
‫‪GOLDMAN TECHNIQUE‬‬
‫‪59.2 RHINOPLASTY‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ VCD‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺭﻳﻨﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺳﻴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻴﺎﻣﻲ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ‪ tip‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ )‪ (tip plasty‬ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﮔﻠﺪﻣﻦ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﻳـﻚ‬
‫‪ Case‬ﻛﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ‪ ٢٧‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪﺍﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻲﻫﻮﺷﻲ ‪ Stand by‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ‪ projected tip‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻳﻚ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻧﺎﺯﻭﻓﺎﺷﻴﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫)‪A Practical Guide to functional and asthetic surgery of the nose (G. J. Nolst‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪60.2 RHINOPLASTY‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﻧﻮﻟﺴﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻓﺎﻧﻜﺸﻨﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ )ﺍﺯ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ( )ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﻲﻫﻮﺷﻲ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ( ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
14
.‫ ﻛﻤﻚ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬open ‫ ﮔﺮﺍﻓﺖ )ﺷﻴﻠﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﻛﻠﻮﻣﻼ( ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﭘﺮﻭﭺ‬،‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻏﻀﺮﻭﻑ ﻛﻮﻧﻜﺎﻱ ﮔﻮﺵ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‬.‫ ﺟﻠﺐ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬tip ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﺌﻮﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻩ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺳﺎﭘﻮﺭﺕ‬
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬CD ‫ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﻭ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬text ‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬
.‫ ﻭ ﻛﻤﭙﻠﻴﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺑﻲﺣﺴﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Post-op ‫ ﻭ‬Pre-op ‫ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﺋﻲﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ‬،‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ‬: Basic Knowledge ، external rhinoplasty ، Open ‫ ﺭﻳﻨﻮﭘﻼﺳـﺘﻲ‬osseocartileginous ‫ ﺟﺮﺍﺣـﻲ‬،Spreadergrafs modified zplasty-Nasalvalve surgery ،‫ ﮔﺮﺍﻓـﺖﻫـﺎ‬turbinate surgery ‫ ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﻴﻮﻩﻫـﺎﻱ ﻋﻤـﻞ ﺳـﭙﺘﻮﭘﻼﺳـﺘﻲ ﻭ‬: Operative techniques .‫ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Wedgeresection in alar base surgery
.‫ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Pverprojected nasel tip. Saddle nose ‫ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬Revision surgery ،‫ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﺎﻥ‬rhinosurgery ، augmentation rhinoplasty ،‫ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺷﻜﺎﻑ ﻟﺐ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ‬: Capita selecta .‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬Conchal Cartilage harvesting ‫ ( ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺍﺳﺘﺌﻮﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ‬... ‫ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻳﻨﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﭘﺮﻭﭺﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﻳﻨﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ )ﺍﻛﺴﺘﺮﻧﺎﻝ ﻭ‬:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬Video gallery ‫ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ‬CD ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
61.2 Rhinoplasty The American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (CD I, II) (E. Gaylon McCollough, M.D.) (the St. Louis Aging Face Symposium)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻋﻤـﻞ ﺍﺯ‬.‫ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﺷـﻮﺩ‬Stand by ‫ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻳﻚ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺭﻳﻨﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﺴﺎﻝ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﻲﻫﻮﺷﻲ‬،‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬Aging Face ‫( ﺩﺭ ﺳﻤﭙﻮﺯﻳﻮﻡ‬E. Gaglon McCollough M.D.) ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬
.‫ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬LLC ‫ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺳﻔﺎﻟﻴﻚ ﻏﻀﺮﻭﻑﻫﺎﻱ‬delivery ‫ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ‬.‫ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬rotation ‫ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‬tip ‫ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬tip plasty ‫ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺭﻭﻱ‬Closed ‫ﺍﭘﺮﻭﭺ‬
.‫ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻧﺴﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻮﻟﻒ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬Alar base resection ‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‬
62.2 RHINOPLASTY DOUBLE DOME UNIT (CD I , II) (E. Gaylon McCollough MD, Birmingham, Albama)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﮕﺮﺷﻲ‬.‫ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‬tip ‫ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺭﻳﻨﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺧﺎﻧﻤﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺁﻥ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﹰﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬.‫ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﺮﻣﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬E. Gaglon MC Collouch ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬
.‫ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‬management ‫ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ‬Double Dome Unit ‫ﺑﻪ‬
Rhinoplasty
The
Overly
Projected
Nasal
Tip
(Trent
W.
Smith,
M.D.F.A.C.S.)
63.2
‫ــــــ‬
،‫ ﺑﻴﻨـﻲ‬tip ‫ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﻮﻳﺎﻝ ﻛﺮﻭﺭﺍﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺑﺮﭼﺴﺘﻪ ﺑـﻮﺩﻥ‬.‫ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬tip ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻣﺘﺮﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻜﻲ ﺭﻳﻨﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎ‬
.‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺁﻗﺎﻱ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﺨﺶ ﮔﻮﺵ ﻭ ﺣﻠﻖ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻭﻫﺎﻳﻮ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‬.‫ﺗﻼﺵ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬
64.2 San Diego Classics in Soft Tissue & Cosmetic Surgery Rhinoplasty (Part 1-6) (Richard C. Webster, MD, Terence M. Davidson, Alan M. Nahum)
‫ــــــ‬
65.2 Secondary Rhinoplasty & Nasal Reconstruction
‫ــــــ‬
(Rod J. Rohrich, Jack H. SHEEN, Gary C. Burget, Dean E. Burget)
66.2 Smile Train Virtual Surgery Videos (Unilateral Cleft Bilateral Cleft Cleft Palate) (Court B.Cutting, Donato LaRossa) (Vol I, II, III)
67.2 SURGERY of the EAR
(Fifth Edition) (Glasscock-Shambaugh) (Michael E. Glasscock III, MD, FACS, Aina Julianna Gulya, MD)
2003
:‫ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ‬CD ‫ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﭙﻮ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻓﺮﺍﻧﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﮔﻮﺵ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫( ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬2003) ‫ ﺍﻭﻳﺸﻦ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ‬،‫ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﮔﻮﺵ ﺷﺎﻣﭙﻮـ ﮔﻼﺳﻜﻮ‬textbook . CD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
1- Scientific Foundations
3- Clinical Evaluation
5- Fundametals of Otologic/Neurotologic Surgery
7- Surgery of the External Ear
2- Surgery of the Tympanomastoid Compartment
4- Surgery of the Inner Ear
6- Surgery of the IAC/CPA/Petrous Apex
8- Surgery of the Skull Base
68.2 Surgical Approaches in Otorhinolaryngology
69.2
(W.F. Thumfort, W. Platzer)
‫ــــــ‬
Teaching Atlas of Head & Neck Imaging (Rtbert Lufkin, Alexandra Borges)
70.2 The Audiogram Workbook
‫ــــــ‬
(Sharon T. Hepfner) (Thieme)
‫ــــــ‬
71.2
The MACS – Lift Short-Scar Rhytidectomy (Textbook) (Patrick L. Tonnard, Alexis M. Verpaele) (CD I , II)
2004
72.2
The MEDPOR Lower Eyelid Spacer (James Patrinely, M.D.F.A.C.S., and Charles N.S. Soparkar, M.D., Ph.D.) (VCD)
‫ــــــ‬
.‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬.‫ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺰﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺪﭘﻮﺭ ﭘﻠﻚ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻳﺪ‬،‫ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﭘﺎﺗﺮﻳﻨﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺳﻮﭘﺎﺭﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬VCD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
3) Medpore biomaterial
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
2) Addressing and management potential Complications
- managing winging are edge flare
- managing ridging
- managing under correction
- managing overcorrection
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
1) Introduction and Surgical technique
- Cartilage grafts
- Non-rigid spacer grafts (hard Patale/Sclera,dermis)
- Medpore Lower Lid Advantages
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
15
- managing implant exposure
- managing entropion
- managing entropion
- Implant exchange
73.2 The MEDPOR Nasal Shell Implant (Paul O'Keefe, M.B, B.S., (SYD), F.R.C.S., F.R.A.C.S.) (VCD)
74.2 THE VIDEO ATLAS OF COSMETIC BLEPHAROPLASTY (8 CDs)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
75.2 VCD Journal of ENT APPROACH VESTIBULAR NEURECTOMY-TRANSTEMPORAL SUPRALABYRINTHINE APPROACH
‫ــــــ‬
(S.LBosniak)
‫ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﭘﻠﻚ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻲﺣﺴﻲ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺻـﻼﺡ ﻭ ﺗـﺮﻣﻴﻢ ﻛﻠﻴـﺔ‬S.LBosniak ‫ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻳﻚ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻠﻚ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ‬VCD ٨ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬
.‫ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺔ ﮔﺬﺭﺍﻧﺪﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺎﻩ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺑﻠﻔﺎﺭﻭﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬... ‫ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﺷﺎﻻﺯﻳﺲ ﻭ‬،‫ ﭘﺘﻮﺯ‬،‫ ﺍﻛﺘﺮﻭﭘﻴﻮﻥ‬،‫ ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻴﻮﻥ‬،‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻭ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﭘﻠﻜﻲ ﻣﻦﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬
MICROSURGERY OF THE SKULL BASE TRANSOTIC APPROACH ACOUSTIC NEUROMA (Prof. U. Fisch Zurich) (VCD#2)
76.2 VCD Journal of ENT INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA APPROACH TYPE C
(Prof. U. Fisch Zurich) (VCD#4)
‫ــــــ‬
77.2 VCD Journal of ENT INFRATFMPORAL FOSSA APPROACH GLOMUS TEMPORALE TUMOR (Prof. U. Fisch Zurich) (VCD#1)
‫ــــــ‬
78.2 VCD Journal of ENT MICROSURGERY OF THE SKULL BASE TRANSOTIC APPROACH ACOUSTIC NEUROMA-INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA APRROACH TYPE C (Prof. U. Fisch Zurich) (VCD#3)
‫ــــــ‬
79.2 VJGS Invited Presentation: Thyroidectomy (Jon A. van Heerden, ND)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻣﺎﺋﻲ‬-٣
CD ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
1.3
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫ــــــ‬
Abdominal Colposacropexy and Vaginal Sacropinus Suspension (Harold P. Drutz MD FRCS (C) (VCD)
2.3 Active Management of Labour
2004
(Kieran O'Driscoll, Declan Meagher) (SALEKAN E-BOOK)
3.3
Adapted form Physical Examination and Health Assessment, 2/e (Carolyn Jarvis, RN, C, MSN, FNP) (W.B. Saunders Company) (VCD)
‫ــــــ‬
4.3
Advanced Colposcopy: Understanding Vessel Patterns (Dorothy M. Babo, MD) (VCD)
‫ــــــ‬
:‫ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﻮﻟﭙﻮﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬:‫ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬VJOG ‫ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻱ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ‬
.‫ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺑﻨﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺳﺮﻭﻳﻜﺲ‬-٢ ‫ ﻧﮕﺮﺵ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ‬-١
‫( ﻭ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴـﻤﺖ ﺁﺧـﺮ‬.....‫ ﻛﺮﺍﺗﻴﻦ ﻭ‬،‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻠﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺯﺗﺎﺏ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻮﻛﻮﺱ‬
.‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻮﻟﭙﻮﺳﻜﻮﭖ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
Advanced Therapy of BRAST DISEASE (S. Eva Singletry, MD, Geoffrey L. Robb, MD)
6.3 American Cancer Society Atlas of Clinical Oncology (Cancer of the Female Lowe Genital Tract) (Patricia J. Eifel, M.D. Charles Levenback, M.D.)
2000
5.3
(SALEKAN E-BOOK)
2001
Cervix ‫ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﻢ‬.‫ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﻠﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ‬،‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﺔ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
.‫ﻭ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﺯﻧﮕﺮﻱ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
Chemotherapy in Curative
Management
Surgery for Vulvar Cancer
Post-treatment Surveillance
Radiation Therapy for Vulvar Cancer
Palliative Care
Acute Effects of Radiation Therapy
Late Complications of Pelvic Radiation
Therapy
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
Surgical Treatment of Invasive Cervical
Cancer
Radiation Therapy for Invasive Cervical
Cancer
Radical Management of Recurrent Cervical
Cancer
Management of Vaginal Cancer
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
Diagnostic Imaging
Epidemiology
Screening for Neoplasms
Pathology
Treatment of Squamous Intraepithelial
Lesions
Molecular Biology
Invasive Carcinoma of the Cervix
Anatomy and Natural
History
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
7.3
8.3
16
An Atlas of Erectile Dysfunction (Second Edition) (Roger S. Kirby, MD, FRCS) (The Encyclopedia of Visual Medicine Series)
Atlas of Clinical oncology Breast Cancer (American Cancer Society ) (David J Winchester, MD, David P Winchester, MD)
2004
2000
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬CD ‫ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
yGenetics, Natural History, and DNA-Based Genetic Counseling in Hereditary Brast Cancer
y Breast Cancer Risk and Management: Chemoprevention, Surgery, and Surveillance
y Screening and Diagnostic Imaging yImaging-Directed y Breast Biopsy yHistophathology of Malignant Breast Disease
yUnusual Breast Pathology y Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Breast Cancer
y Surgical Management of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
yEvaluation and Surgical Management of Stage I and II Breast Cancer y Locally Advanced Breast Cancer y Breast Reconstruction
9.3
ATLAS OF ENDOSCOPIC TECHNIQUES IN GYNECOLOGY (First Edition) (Jeffrey M. Goldberg, MD, Tommaso Falcone, MD) (©W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia)
2001
:‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺫﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
Instrumentation and Pelvic Anatomy
Surgery for Pelvic Support
Patient Preparation
Surgery for Endometriosis and Pelvic Pain
Tubal Surgery
New Procedures
Ovarian Surgery
Uterine Surgery
Complications
Hysteroscopic Surgery
10.3 Atlas of Gynecologic Surgery
(3rd edition) (H.A. Hirsch, M.D., O. Käser, M.D., F.A. Iklé, M.D.) (Thieme)
11.3 Atlas of Transvaginal Surgery (Second Edition) (©W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia) (VCD)
- Prolene sling in the treatment of stress incontinence
- Transvaginal repair of enterocele and vault prolapse
- Excision of urethral diverticula
12.3 Before We Are Born
13.3 COLPOSCOPY
- Fibro-fatty labial flap (Martius Flat) for vaginal reconstruction
- Transvaginal repair of vesico-vaginal fistula using a peritoneal flap
- Transvaginal repair of posterior vaginal wall prolapse
(SALEKAN E-BOOK)
- Transvaginal hysterectomy for severe prolapse
- Transvaginal repair of grade IV cystocele
Essentials of Embryology & Birth Defects (Moore, Oersaud) (6th Edition)
an Interactive
CD-ROM
‫ــــــ‬
2001
‫ــــــ‬
(Thomas V. Sedlacek, MD, Charles J. Dunton, MD)
‫ــــــ‬
14.3 Core Curriculum in Primary Care Patient Evaluation for Non-Cardiac Surgery and Gynecology and Urology (Michael K. Rees, MD, MPH)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬.‫ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻭﺭﻭﮊﻱ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‬CD .‫ ﺑﻨﺎ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Harvard ‫ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﻧﮓ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻫﺮ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﻫﻴﺌﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬CD ‫ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ‬CCC
‫ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﻳـﻚ ﻣﻘﺎﻟـﻪ ﭼـﺎﭘﻲ ﺩﺭ‬.‫ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺤﺜﻲ‬.‫ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲﻫﺎ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫ﻣﺠﻼﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ )ﺑﺠﺰ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻗﻠﺐ( ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ؟‬-١
Male impotence ‫ ﻋﻘﻴﻤﻲ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﻥ‬-٣
.(AUB) ‫ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺧﻮﻧﺮﻳﺰﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺑﻨﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺭﺣﻢ‬-٢
15.3 Core Curriculum in Primary Care Gynecology
(Michael, Isaac Schiff, Keith, Thomas, Annekathryn)
‫ــــــ‬
(James R. Scott) (9 Edition) (SALEKAN E-BOOK)
17.3 Diagnosis of Benign Breast Disease (Dorothy M. Barbo, MD) (VCD) Submitted Subject The Limits of Laparoscopy: Diapharbmatic Endometriosis (David B. Redwine, MD)
.‫( ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬Video Journal ob/Gyn) VJOG ‫ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻱ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ‬
‫ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻃﺮﺯ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺧﻮﺵﺧﻴﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺪﺧﻴﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺷﻜﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺷﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﺭﻳﺘﻢ ﻃﺮﺯ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬CD ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ‬.١
.‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺪﻭﻣﺘﺮﻳﻮﺯ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺩﻳﺎﻓﺮﺍﮔﻢ ﺑﺤﺚ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٢ ‫ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‬.‫ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻻﭘﺎﺭﺍﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ‬.٢ .‫ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Solid ‫ ﻭ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ‬Cyst ‫ ﻭ‬nipple discharge ، Mastodynia
2003
18.3 Endoscopic Surgery for Gynecologists
‫ــــــ‬
16.3 Danforth's Obstetrics and Gynecology
(Suttond & diamond) (second Edition)
19.3 Handbook of disease of the breast (Second Edition)
(Michael Dixon, Richarc Sainsbury) (Salekan E-book)
20.3 Haines & Taylor OBSTETRICAL & GYNAECOLOGICAL PATHOLOGY
(Fifth Edition) (Harold Fox-Michael Wells) (CD I , II)
21.3 INTERACTIVE COLOR GUIDES Obstetrics Gynecology Neonatology (David James, Mary Pillai, Janice Rymer, Andrew N. J. Fish, Warren Hye)
1. Normal Infant
2. Congennital Abnormalities
3. Birth Trauma
4. Syndromes
5. Deformations
6. Infection
7. Iatrogenic Lesions
8. Surgical Problems
22.3 LAVM: Our First one Hundred Cases; What have We Learned?
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
9. Skin Disorders
10. Low-Birth-Weight Infants
(Dr G. F. Stohs, MD & Dr. L. P. Johonson, MD)
‫ــــــ‬
.‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬١٠٠ ‫ ﻣﻮﺭﺑﻴﺪﻳﺘﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺭﺗﺎﻟﻴﺘﻲ ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺩﺭ‬CD ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ‬.‫ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﻫﻴﺴﺘﺮﻛﺘﻮﻣﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ ﻻﭘﺎﺭﺍﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﻓﺮﺍﮔﻴﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
23.3 Male Infertility
A Guide for the Glinician) (Anne M. Jequier)
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪17‬‬
‫)‪(Mrs Baruna Basu, Dr. Suresh Chandra Basu‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪24.3 Male Reproductive Dysfunction‬‬
‫)‪25.3 Menopause Biology & Pathobiology (Rogerio, Jennifer Kelsey, Robert Marcus‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪Nine Month Miracle (A.D.A.M. Software, Inc.‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪3. A Child's View of Pregnancy‬‬
‫‪2. The Family Album‬‬
‫)‪(Thirteenth Edition) (Jonathan S. Berek, MD‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪1. Anatomy‬‬
‫‪26.3‬‬
‫‪27.3 Novak's Gynecology‬‬
‫‪28.3 Obstetric Ultrasound Principles and Techniques‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺳﻦ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ‪ FL . BPD‬ﻭ ‪ AC‬ﻭ ‪ HC‬ﻭ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﻳﻤﺴﺘﺮ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ‪ Gs‬ﻭ ‪ CRL‬ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﻳﻤﺴﺘﺮ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺳﺮ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺁﻥ‬‫ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺟﺎﻟﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﻳﻤﺴﺘﺮ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻡ )ﻣﻌﺪﻩ‪ -‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ‪(........‬‬‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻻﻧﻪﮔﺰﻳﻨﻲ ﺟﻔﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺭﻛﻮﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﻭ ﭘﻼﻧﺘﺎﭘﺮﻭﻳﺎ‬‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ‪) BPP‬ﺑﻴﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﺎﻝ ﭘﺮﻭﻓﺎﻳﻞ(‬
‫ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺁﻧﻮﻣﺎﻟﻲﻫﺎﻱ ‪ CNS‬ﻭ ‪Body‬‬‫ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺭﺣﻢ ﻭ ﺁﺩﻧﻜﺲﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺒﺮﻳﻮ ﻭ ﻛﻴﺴﻪ ﺯﺭﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﻳﻤﺴﺘﺮ ﺍﻭﻝ‬‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﻳﻤﺴﺘﺮ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ‪ FL‬ﻭ ‪ AC‬ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺟﻔﺖ ﻭ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺁﻣﻨﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ‬‫ ﺍﻧﻔﺎﺭﻛﺘﻮﺱ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺑﻨﺪ ﻧﺎﻑ )‪(Cord Insertion‬‬‫‪ -‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻟﻜﻴﻨﻴﻜﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ‪ Case Study‬ﻭ ﻣﻄﺮﺡﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‬
‫‪29.3 Operative Obstetrics‬‬
‫)‪(Larry C. Gilstrap III) (2nd Edition) (SALEKAN E-BOOK‬‬
‫)‪30.3 Safety principles for surgical techniques in minimally invasive gynecologic surgery (Dr. Samir Sawalhe) (CD I , II‬‬
‫)‪(Equipment, preparation, positioning, approach alternatives, safe entry, nots on application‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪4. Approach alternatives‬‬
‫‪5. Electrical morcellation‬‬
‫‪3. Disinfection/preparation‬‬
‫‪2. Positioning‬‬
‫‪1. Instruments/equipment‬‬
‫)‪31.3 Single Puncture Laparoscopic Technique (Marco Pelosi, MD) (VCD‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ ‪ CD‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﻻﭘﺎﺭﺍﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪ Single puncture‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻃﺎﻕ ﻋﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ ﻭ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ‪ multiple puncture‬ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪32.3 Submitted Subject: Transvaginal Sonographic Assessment of Pelvic Pathology: Preoperative Evaluation‬‬
‫)‪(Frances R. Batzer, MD‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ ‪ CD‬ﺍﺯ ‪ ٣‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫)ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺍﻭﻝ(‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻭﺍﮊﻳﻨﺎﻝ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝ ‪ ٦‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻭﺍﮊﻳﻨﺎﻝ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻟﮕﻦ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻴﺴﺘﺮﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﻭ ﻻﭘﺎﺭﺍﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ Case .‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻄﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ‪ ٤٢‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻮﻣﺘﺮﻭﺭﺍﮊﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ‪ ٢‬ﺳﺎﻝ ← ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻭﺍﮊﻳﻨﺎﻝ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ← ﺳﺎﺏ ﻣﻮﻛﻮﺱ ﻓﻴﺒﺮﻭﻥ ←‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ‪ ٢٤‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ ﺧﺘﻢ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻲ ﻣﻜﺮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﻳﻤﺴﺘﺮ ﺩﻭﻡ ← ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻭﺍﮊﻳﻨﺎﻝ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ←‬
‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫←‬
‫ﻫﻴﺴﺘﺮﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻴﻚ ‪resection‬‬
‫‪Septate uterus‬‬
‫‪-٢‬‬
‫‪-٣‬‬
‫‪-٤‬‬
‫‪-٥‬‬
‫‪-٦‬‬
‫←‬
‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‪Hysteroscopic Resection :‬‬
‫ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ‪ ٣٦‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﻭﻣﺘﺮﻳﻮﺯ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺩ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺵ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﻣﺘﺮﻳﻮﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺩﻳﺪ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻟﮕﻦ ← ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻭﺍﮊﻳﻨﺎﻝ‬
‫←‬
‫←‬
‫ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ‪ ٤١‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﺩ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻟﮕﻦ ← ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻭﺍﮊﻳﻨﺎﻝ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ← ﺩﺭﻣﻮﺋﻴﺪ ‪ ← Cyst‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺩﺭﻣﻮﺋﻴﺪ ﻛﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻻﭘﺎﺭﺍﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ‬
‫ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ‪ ٤٣‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻲ ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻲ ﺗﺨﻤﺪﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻄﺮﻑ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ← ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻭﺍﮊﻳﻨﺎﻝ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ← ﻓﻮﻟﻴﻜﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ‪ ← Cyst‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻻﭘﺎﺭﺍﺳﻜﻮﭖ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻛﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻻﭘﺎﺭﺍﺳﻜﻮﭖ ﺑﺎ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻱ ‪YA‬‬
‫ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ‪ ٢١‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﻧﺮﻳﺰﻱ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﻭ ‪ ٣ LMP‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ←‬
‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻭﺍﮊﻳﻨﺎﻝ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ‪ectopicpregnancy‬‬
‫← ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪Left Salpingectomy‬‬
‫)ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺩﻭﻡ(‪:‬‬
‫)‪(R.Viscarello.MD‬‬
‫‪Limiting Physician Exposure to Hepatitis B and HIV : Ob / Gyns‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ ‪ CD‬ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻓﺮﺩﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ‪ HBV‬ﻳﺎ ‪ HIV‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻭ ﻻﭘﺎﺭﺍﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻄﺐ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫)ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺳﻮﻡ(‪:‬‬
‫‪(Gordon. D. Davis, MD. & R.W.Lobel,MD‬‬
‫‪Laparoscopic Retropubic Colposuspension For Stress urinary incontinence‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ ‪ CD‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ‪ Stress incontinence‬ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﻪ ﻻﭘﺎﺭﺍﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
18
:(‫)ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ‬
Bi-polar Desiccation of Vascular Tissue: Laparoscopic Hysterectomy
(Paul, D. Indman,MD)
.‫ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬bi-polar desiccation ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﭘﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬
33.3 TEXT AND ATLAS OF Female in Fertility Surgery (ROBERT B. HUNT) (Third Edition) (Mosby) (SALEKAN E-BOOK)
BASIC SCIENCE
ENERGY SOURCES
RADIOLOGIC PROCEDURES
HYSTEROSCOPY
LAPAROSCOPY
LAPAROTOMY
ENDOMETRIOSIS
‫ــــــ‬
ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
34.3 Textbook of Assisted Reproductive Techniques Laboratory and Clinical Perspectives (David K Gardner, Ariel Weissman, Colin M Howles, Zeev Shoham)
35.3 The Boston IVF Handbook of Infertility
A Practical guide for practitioners who care for infertile couples (Steven R. Bayer, Michael M. Alper, Alan S. Penzias)
2004
‫ــــــ‬
36.3 The Infertility Manual (2nd Edition) (Kamini A Rao, Peter R Brinsden, A Henry Sathananthan)
2004
37.3 Triplet Pregnancies and their Consequences (Louis G. Keith, MD, Isaac Blickstein, MD) (SALEKAN E-BOOK)
2002
Epidemiology and biology
Antepartum considerations
Delivery/birth considerations
The Matria database
Short-term outcomes
Prenatal diagnosis
Long-term outcomes
Preventive measures
Miscellaneous
Future dicections
Sources of information on multiple births
38.3 TVT Tension-free Vaginal – Tape
Stress Incontinence
Anatomy&Terminology
‫ــــــ‬
Tension-free Vaginal Tape
Indication&Patient Selection
TVT Procedure
Clinical Information
Sales Support
39.3 Urogynecology: Evaluation and Treatment of Urinary Incontinence (Bruce Rosenzweig, MD, Jeffrey S. Levy, MD, Donald R. Ostergard, MD)
‫ــــــ‬
.‫ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬CD ‫ﻼ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺻﻮﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻛﺎﻣ ﹰ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
:‫ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﺠﺰﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬٤ Urogynechology
Consideration for the OB/GYN Generalist
Types of incontinernce y
-
won surgical & surgical Management
- Evaluation - Introduction Definigg Incontinence :‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬:Introduction & Defining Incontince (١
incontinence awareness y
Patient misconceptions y
affected women y
incontince ‫ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ‬y
:incontinency ‫( ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ‬٢
Cystoscopy y uroflowmetry y Postvoid residual y Cystometrogram y Pad test y ‫ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‬y ‫ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ‬y Voiding diary y un , u/s y
Pessary test y Multi-Channel urodynamics y
: Stress urinary incontinence ‫( ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺭ‬٣
.‫( ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.... ‫ ﻭ‬funetional electrieal Stimalation ‫ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﺋﻲ‬biofeedback, Beharioral modification)) ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﺭﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻏﻴﺮﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‬
.‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Complication ‫ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ‬.‫ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Procedure ‫ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ‬:‫ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‬
: Consideration for the OB/Gyn Generalist (٤
:‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺼﻞ‬
incontinrence management to private patients y
Non surgical therapy y
urogynechology as a subdiscipline y
.‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
Allied Staff y
equipment cost y
Set-up requirement y
Urodynamics y professional consideration y
eystometry y
2005
40.3 Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology (Eberhard Merz.M.D)
41.3 UTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY IN GYNECOLOGY (Hysterosalpingography) It's Application in Physiological And Pathological Conditions
(SALEKAN E-BOOK)
2003
:‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬Utero Salpingography ‫ ﺣﺎﻭﻱ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺫﻳﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﺭﺣﻢ‬-
‫ ﺁﻧﻮﻣﺎﻟﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺯﺍﺩﻱ ﺭﺣﻢ ﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﺎﻟﻮﭖ‬‫ ﭘﺮﻳﺘﻮﺋﻦ ﻭ ﺗﺨﻤﺪﺍﻥﻫﺎ‬،‫ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﺎﻟﻮﭖ‬-
‫ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺭﺣﻢ ﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﺎﻟﻮﭖ‬‫ ﺳﻞ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻮﻝ ﮊﻧﻴﺘﺎﻝ‬-
Uterosalpingography ‫ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ‬
(‫ ﺳﻘﻂ ﻣﻜﺮﺭ ﻭ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﮔﻲ ﺩﺭﺩﻧﺎﻙ )ﺩﻳﺲ ﻣﻨﻮﺭﻩ‬-
.‫ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬USG ‫ ﻓﻮﻕﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ‬CD ‫ﺩﺭ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪19‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪42.3 Video Journal of Gynecology (Vaginal Hysterectomy Wedge morcellization Technique for the Large Uterus) (The Infertile Couple) (David Olive, MD, George W. Morley MD,‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪43.3 William's OBSTETRICS‬‬
‫)‪(F. Gary Cunningham, Kenneth J. Leveno) (CD I , II‬‬
‫)‪(Twenty-second edition‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪44.3 WOMEN'S HEALTH (MOSBY'S PRIMARY CARE‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ Procedure‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺮﭘﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﮊﻧﻴﺘﺎﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ )‪ (Female Genitalia‬ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ‪ Female Genitiourinary Tract‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﺵ ‪ ، L‬ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﺍﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ‪ L‬ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻭ ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ :‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮﺋﻲ ﺩﺭ ‪ CD‬ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ‪ CNG‬ﻳﺎ ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﭼﻨﺪ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ Breast examination -١‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﺍﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻡ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‪ Pojition ،‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﻧﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺷﻜﺎﻻﺕ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻜﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸـﺨﻴﺺ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗـﻲ ﻭ ‪ quiz‬ﺍﻧﺘﻬـﺎﻱ ﺑﺨـﺶ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻤﺎﺱﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﻭ ﻓﺎﻳﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻳﺪﻳﻮﺋﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫‪ : Colposcopy -٢‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ‪ cervix‬ﺑﺎ ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﭙﺲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺳﺮﻭﻛﻴﻞ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﺍﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ‪ ، Positioning ،‬ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺤﻞ‪ ،‬ﺁﻧﺴﺘﺰﻱ‪ ،‬ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ‪ Procedne‬ﻭ ﻛﻤﭙﻴﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ‬
‫ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ Quiz‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ٧ .‬ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻛﻮﭘﻴﻮﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺍﻧﺪﻭﻣﺘﺮﻳﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﻮﭘﺴﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ‪ D&C‬ﻭ ﺑﻴﻮﭘﺴﻲ ﺁﻧﺪﻭﻣﺘﺮﻳﺎﻝ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺑـﻪ ﺗﺼـﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺭﻧﮕـﻲ ﺷـﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪.‬ﺳـﭙﺲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ ﺩﻳﮕـﺮ ‪ Procedure‬ﻫـﺎ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳـﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﺍﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﺎﺩﮔﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‪ Position ،‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺁﻧﺴﺘﺰﻱ ﻭ ‪ ....‬ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺑﻴﻮﭘﺴﻲ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺁﺧﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ Quiz‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ : Pelvic Examination -٤‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﮊﻧﺘﻴﻜﻲ )‪ (utenes , carivx , vagina , valve‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ‪ Position،‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻛﻨﺘﺮﺍﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ‪ ٦‬ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﻟﮕﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ‪ exetrnalgenifalicn‬ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎﭖ ﺁﺳﻤﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ‪ rectovaginal , bimanual‬ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺍﺳﭙﻜﻮﻟﻮﻡ ﻭ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ‪ Quiz‬ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ : Pap Smear -٥‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪﺍﻱ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﻨﻘﻄﻊ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎﭖ ﺁﺳﻤﻴﺮ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻛﻨﺘﺮﺍﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ‪ Position ،‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﺷﻜﺎﻻﺕ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻜﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻭ ‪ ....‬ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ٥ .‬ﻓـﻴﻠﻢ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ‪ ،‬ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺍﺳﻴﻜﻮﻟﻮﻡ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﭘﺎﭖ ﺍﺳﻤﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪) Vaginal Secretion -٦‬ﺗﺮﺷﺢ ﻭﺍﮊﻳﻨﺎﻝ(‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻋﻠﻞ ﺗﺮﺷﺢ ﻭﺍﮊﻳﻨﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﺁﻥ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻛﺸﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﺴﺖ ‪ ، KOH‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﺷﺤﺎﺕ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ slide‬ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺳﻜﻮﭖ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ‪ Quiz‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪45.3 Your Pregnancy, Your Newborn The Complete Guide for Expectant and New Mothers‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ‪CD‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫)‪(Sixth Edition) (SALEKAN E-BOOK‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪A Laboratory Guide to the Mammalian Embryo‬‬
‫‪1.4‬‬
‫‪A Manual of Laboratory & Diagnostic Tests‬‬
‫‪2.4‬‬
‫)‪(Frances Fischbach‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ ‪ ١٦‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪Stool Studies‬‬
‫‪Nuclear Medicine Studies‬‬
‫‪Pulmonary Functio and Blood Gas Studies‬‬
‫‪Special Systems, Organ Functions, and Post Mortem Studies‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪Urine Studies‬‬
‫‪Immunodiagnostic Studies‬‬
‫‪Ultrasound Studies‬‬
‫‪X-ray Studies‬‬
‫‪Blood Studies‬‬
‫‪Microbiologic Studies‬‬
‫‪Endoscopic Studies‬‬
‫‪Cerebrespinal Fluid Studies‬‬
‫‪Diagnostic Testing‬‬
‫‪Cbemistry Studies‬‬
‫‪Cytology, Histology, and Genetic Studies‬‬
‫‪Prenatal Diagnosis and Tests of Fetal Well-Being‬‬
‫)‪A Slide Atlas of ATHEROSCLEROSIS (Progression and Regression) (Herbert C. Stary‬‬
‫‪3.4‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ‪ ۹۴‬ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺴﺮﻓﺖ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺁﺗﺮﻭﺍﺳﻜﻠﺮﻭﺯﻳﺲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻭ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
‫ﻭ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪th‬‬
‫)‪American Sodiety of Hematology (CD 1-5) (44 Annual Meeting‬‬
‫‪4.4‬‬
‫‪CD-1: ALL -AML -ASH/ASCO Joint Symposium -Atypical Cellular Disorders‬‬
‫‪CD-2: CLL -CML -CNS Lymphoma -Cutaneous Lymphoma -E. Donnall Thomas Lecture‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
20
CD-3: Enhancing Physician/Patient Communication Regarding Hematologic Disorders -Ham-Wasserman Lecture -Hematology Grants Workshop
-Hypercoagulability: Too Many Tests, Too Much Conflicting Data -Malaria and the Red Cell -Marrow Failure
CD-4: Multi[ple Myeloma -Myelodysplastic Syndromes Non-Myeloablative Transplantation -Platelets: Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic -Purpura Plenary Policy Frum
CD-5: Presidential Symposium -Red Cell Antigens as Functional Molecules and Obstacles to Transfusion -Sickle Cell Disease -Stem Cell Transplantation: Supportive Care and Long-Term
Complications -Stem Cells: Hype and Reality Update on Epidemiology and Therapeutics for Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
5.4
An Electronic Companion to Microbiology for MajorsTM (Mark L. Wheelis)
‫ــــــ‬
Reviw , Test yourself
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
What Are Microorganisms?
Classification
Methods of Microbiology
Prokaryotic Cell Struture
Eukaryotic Cell Struture
Growth & Reproduction
Metabolism & Energy
Microbial Genetics
Gene Regulation
Viruses
Microbial Ecology
Defenses Againses Infection
Disease
6.4
Animal Cell Culture (Third Edition) (A Practical Approach) (John R. W. Masters)
7.4
Antibody Engineering (R. Kontermann S. Dubel)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
8.4
Antibody Phage Display Methods and Protocols (Philippa M. O'Brien, Robert Aitken)
‫ــــــ‬
9.4
APPLIED ANIMAL REPRODUCTION
‫ــــــ‬
10.4
Applied Molecular Genetics
11.4
Atlas of HEMATOLOGY
(h. jOEbEARDEN, John W. Fuquay)
(Roger L. Miesfeld)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
:‫ ﺣﺎﻭﻱ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
1. Examination of Blood Cells
2. Normal Hematopoiesis and Blood Cells
3.Dynamic Cell Morphology
4. Hematolopathology
5. Cluster of differentiation Archive
6. Self-Assessment
12.4
Atlas of Diagnostic Cytopathology (Barbara F. Atkinson, MD)
2004
13.4
Atlas of Medical Parasitology (Dr. K. Ghazvini)
‫ ﻧﺎﻗﻞ اﻧﮕﻞ و ﺳﯿﮑﻞ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ و ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ اﻧﮕﻞ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ رﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎً رﺷﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻮم آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﻔﯿـﺪ‬،‫ ﺿﺎﯾﻌﺎت اﯾﺠﺎدﺷﺪه‬،‫ ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ رﻧﮕﯽ از اﻧﻮاع اﻧﮕﻞﻫﺎی ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﯾﺰای اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ اﻧﮕﻞ‬2000‫ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار ﻓﻮق ﺣﺎوی ﺣﺪود‬
:‫ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻄﺮحﺷﺪه در اﯾﻦ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از‬.‫ ﺑﺴﯿﺎری از ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در اﯾﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮد ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫ ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻣﺰﺑﻮر از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﻤﻊآوری ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ دﮐﺘﺮ ﻗﺰوﯾﻨﯽ ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮی و وﯾﺮاﯾﺶ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ‬.‫اﺳﺖ‬
2003
* Heart and Muscles Parasites
* Lung Parasites
* Eye Parasites
* Skin Parasites
* Case reports and updates in parasitology
* Blood, Bone Marrow, Spleen Parasites
* Central Nervous System (CNS) Parasites
* Liver and Biliary Tree Parasites
* Gnito-Urinary Parasites
* Intestinal Parasites (Helminths)
* Intestinal Parasites (Protozoa)
14.4
Atlas of Surgical Pathology (Johns Hopkins) (Jonathan I. Epstein, Neera P. Agarwal-Antal, David B. Danner, Kim M. Ruska)
‫ــــــ‬
15.4
Basic Cell Culture A Practical Approach (I. M. Davis)
‫ــــــ‬
16.4
Basic histology: TEXT & ATLAS IMAGE LIBRARY (Tenth Edition)
(Luiz Carlos, Juhqueira, Jose CARNEIRO) (A Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies)
2000
2 - Jose CARNEIRO
1- Luiz Carlos JUNQUEIRA
17.4
Before We Are Born Essentials of Embryology & Birth Defects (Moore, Oersaud) (6th Edition)
‫ــــــ‬
18.4
Biochemical Interactions An electronic companion to: FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOCHEMISTRY (Donald voet, Judith G. voet, charlotte W. Pratt) (Version 1.02)
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
1999
NUCLEOTIDES AND NUCLEIC ACIDS
PROTEINS: PRIMARY STRUCTURE
PROTEIN FUNCTION
LIPIDS
BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES
MAMMALIAN FUEL METABOLOSM: INTEGRATION AND REGULATION
GLUCOSE CATABOLISM
GLYCOGEN METABOLISM AND GLUCONEOGENESIS
DNA REPLICATION REPAIR, AND RECOMBINATION
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
LIPID METABOLISM
AMINO ACID METABOLISM
NUCLEOTIDE METABOLISM
NUCLEIC ACID STRUCTURE
CITRIC ACID CYCLE
TRANSLATION
REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION
ENZYME KINETICS, INHIBITION, AND REGULATION
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
21
INTROCUCTION TO METABOLISM
ELECTRON TRANSPORT AND OXIDATIVE PHOSPORYLATION
PROTEINS: THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE
TRANSCRIPTION AND RNA PROCESSING
2004
19.4
Bioconjugation Protocols (Strategies & Methods) (Christof M. Niemeyer)
20.4
Bioinformatics (Genes, Proteins & Computers) (Christine Orengo, Janet Thornton, David Jones)
21.4
Bioinformatics Computing (The Complete, Practical Guide to bioinformatics for life scientists) (Bryan Bergeron, M.D.)
22.4
Bioinformatics for Geneticists
23.4
BIOLOGY CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
(Second Edition) (Richard M. Liebaert) (CAMPBELL.MITCHELL.REECE)
1. Introduction: The Sclentific Sindy of Life
3. The Life of the Cell
2. The Evolution of Biological Diversity
4. Animals: Form & Function
___
/Michael R. Barnes, Lan C. Gray)
‫ــــــ‬
5. Cellular Repoduction & Genetics
‫ــــــ‬
7. Concepls of Evolution
6. Plants: Form & Function
8. Ecology
24.4
Biopsy Pathology of the Breast (John P. Sloane) (Second Edition)
‫ــــــ‬
25.4
BLADDER BIOPSY INTERPRETATIONS (Jonathan I. Epstein, M.D., Mahul B. Amin, M.D., Victor E. Reuter, M.D.) (SALEKAN E-BOOK)
2004
Normal Blodder Anatomy and Variants of Normal
histology
Conventional Morphologic, Prognostic, and Predictive Factors and Reporting of
Bladder Cancer
Cystitis
Second ary Tumors of the Bladder
Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma
Squamous Lesions
Miscellaneous Nontumors and Tumors
26.4
Papillary Urothelial Neoplasms with Inverted Growth
Patterns
Flat Urothelial Lesions
BLOOD PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF HEMATOLOGY
Part I: Fundamentals of Hmatology: Tools of the trade
Part V: Hemostasis
Part VI: Red Blood Cells
Glandular Lesions
Mesenchymal Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions
(SECOND EDITION) (ROBERT I. HANDIN SAMUEL E. LUX THOMAS P. STOSSEL)
Part II: The Hematopoietic System
Part VII: Systemic Disease
Part III: Stem Cell Disorders
Part VIII: Hematologic Therapies
2003
Part IV: White Blood Cells
Part VIIII: Appendices
27.4
Bone Marrow Pathology (Barbara J. Bain David M. Clark)
‫ــــــ‬
28.4
‫ــــــ‬
29.4
Bone Tumors (Howard D. Dorfman, Bogdan Czerniak)
th
BRS Cell Biology CELL BIOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY (4 edition) (Leslie P. Gartner, James L. Hiatt, Judy M. Strum) (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS)
30.4
Carter, Patchefsky
31.4
Case Studies in Genes and Disease
32.4
Cellular & Molecular Neurobiology (Second Edition)
Plasma Membrane
Connective Tissue
Circulatory System
The Urinary System
Epithelia and Glands
Nucleus
Cartilage and Bone
Lymphoid Tissue
Female Reproductive System
Blood and Hemopoiesis
Cytoplasm
Muscle
Endocrine System
Digestive System: Oral Cavity and Alimentary Tract
Digestive System: Glands
Extracellular Matrix
Nervous Tissue
Skin
Special Senses
Comprehensive Exam
Tumors & Tumor-Like Lesions of the Lung (Darryl Carter, Arthur S. Patchefsky, Clifton F. MOD Tain)
A Primer for Clinicians (Bryan Bergeron)
2003
‫ــــــ‬
2004
‫ــــــ‬
1- Lonotropic and Metabotropic Receptors in Synaptic Transmission and Sensory Transduction
2- Somato-Dendritic Processing and Plasticity of Postsynaptic Potentials
3- Neurons: Excitable and Secretory Cells that Establish Synapses
4- Activity and Developmen of Networks: The Hippocampus as an Example
33.4
Clinical Diagnosis & Management by Laboratory Methods (twentieth Edition) (john bernard henry)
2001
34.4
Clinical Hematology (A Victor Hoffbrand , John E Pettit) (Mosby)
‫ــــــ‬
Normal Hemopoiesis and
Anaemias
Blood Transfusion
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
Blood Cells
Leucocyte Abnormialities
Hemostasis and Bleeding Disorders
Bone Marrow Transplantation
Hematological Malignancies
Further Reading
Coagulation Disorders
Acknowledgements
Bone Marrow in
Non-hemopoietic Disease
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
Parasitic Infections Diagnosed in Blood
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
22
35.4
Clinical Immunology
‫ــــــ‬
36.4
Color Atlas & Text of Pulmonary Pathology (Philip T. Cagle, Timothy C. Allen, Roberto Barrios)
2005
37.4
Color atlas of Cancer Cytology (Third Edition) (Masayoshi Takahashi)
‫ــــــ‬
38.4
Color atlas of differential diagnosis in Exfoliative & Aspiration CYTOPATHOLOGY (Sudha R. Kini, M.D)
‫ــــــ‬
39.4
COMMON PROBLEMS IN CLINICAL LABORATORY MANAGEMENT (Judith A. O'brien, M.S. CLSup (NCA)) (Salekan E-Book)
‫ــــــ‬
COMPLYING WITH CLIA '88
MEETING TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL
REGULATIONS
WRITING MANUALS: THE STANDARD
OPERATING PROCEDURE MANUAL (SOPM)
OVERCOMING OSHA'S OBST ACLES THE
EXPOSURE CONTROL PLAN
PROVIDING AND USING PERSONAL
PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
PASSING PROFICEINCY TEST
OVERCOMING OSHA'S OBSTACLES THE
CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN
WRITING MANUALS: THE GENERAL
OPERATING PROCEDURE MANUAL ( GOPM)
FULFILING QUALITY CONTROL
GUIDELINES
ESTABLISHING A QUALITY ASSURANCE
PROGRAM
SURVIVING INSPECTIONS AND ATTAINING
ACCREDIANCE
PURSUING PERSONNEL PERSPECTIVES
ENCOURAGING EDUCATION
THE ACQUISTION AND MAINTENANCE OF
LABORATORY INSTRUMENTATION
MASTERING FINANCES: BILLING AND
CODING
TAMING TECHNOLOGY: LABORATORY INFORMATION SYSTEM (LIS)
RE-ENGINEERING FOR THE FUTURE: THE CORE LABORATORY,
AUTOMATION, OUTREACH NETWORKING, AND THE MILLENNIUM BUG
GENERATING LABORATORY NUMBERS: STATISTICS LINEARITY,
CALIBRATION, REFERENCE, AND CRITICAL VALUES: CALCULATIONS
MANAGING THE PHYSICIAN OFFICE LABORATORY (POL)
TAMING TECHNOLOGY: POINT OF CARE TESTING (POCT)
40.4
Comprehensive Cytopathology (Marluce Bibbo)
41.4
Computer-Aided Drug Design (Methods & Applications) (Thomas J. Perun. C. L. Propst)
___
42.4
Concise Histology (A data of multiple choice question in microscopic) (Bloom & Fawcett's) (Second Edition)
‫ــــــ‬
43.4
Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference (Seventh Edition) (Mosby) (Salekan E-Book) (Kathleen Deska Pagana, PhD, RN, Timothy J. Pagana, MD, FACS)
2005
44.4
Dianostic Hematology
‫ــــــ‬
(Second Edition)
‫ــــــ‬
This textbook, 'Diagnostic Hematology: A pattern approach', is accompanied by a CD-ROM with three knowledge-based systems applied to 237 case studies. The 3 knowledge-based systems are:
2. Professor Fidelio for flow cytometry immunophenotyping
1. Professor Petrushka for peripheral blood analysis
3. Professor Belmonte for bone marrow interpretation
45.4
Discover Biology
‫ــــــ‬
46.4
DNA Science A First Course (Second Edition) (David A. Micklos, Greg A. Freyer, witli David A. Crotty)
47.4
DNA Topology (Andrew D. Bates, Anthony Maxwell)
‫ــــــ‬
___
48.4
Electronic Atlas of Parasitology (John T. Sullivan)
49.4
2000
university of the Incarnate Word
EMBRYO (CD Color Atlas for Developmental Biology) (Gary C. Schoenwolf)
Chapter 1: Frog Embryos
Chapter 2: Chick Embryos
Chapter 3: Pig Embryos
‫ــــــ‬
Chapter 4: Gametogenesis
50.4
Essential Cell Biology Volume 1: Cell Structure A Practical Approach
51.4
Essential Cell Biology (with the voice of Julie Theriot designed and programmed by Christopher Thorpe)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
Experiments with Fission Yeast (A Laboratory Course Manual) (Caroline Alfa, Peter Fontes, Jeremy Hyams)
‫ــــــ‬
Fields Virology (Forth Edition) (Volume 1) (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)
2001
52.4
53.4
Section One: General Virology
Chapter 1-22
(John Davey and Mike Lord)
Section Two: Specific Virus Families Chapter 23-90
54.4
Functional HISTOLOGY WHEATER'S (FOURTH EDITION) (BARBARA YOUNG, JOHN W. HEATH) (ALAN STEVENS JAMES S. LOWE) (PHILIP J. DEAKIN)
‫ــــــ‬
55.4
Fundamentals of Enzymology (The Cell and Molecular Biology of Catalytic Proteins) (Nicholas c. Pricc & Lewis Stevens) (Third Edition)
___
56.4
Genetic Predisposition to Cancer (Second Edition) (R.A. Eeles. D.F. Easton)
Genetics From Genes to Genomes (Ann Reynolds, Ph.D.) (University of Washington)
57.4
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
2004
2000
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
23
3- Molecular Genetice
1- Transmission Genetics
(...‫ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻝ ﺗﺮﻧﺴﻼﻛﺸﻦ ﻭ‬،‫)ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﻭﭘﺮﻭﻥ ﻻﻛﺘﻮﺯ‬
2- Gentral Dogma
6- Poplations & Evolvtion (... ‫)ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﺵ ﺍﻟﻜﻞﻫﺎ ﻭ‬
4- Chromosomes FISH (‫ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﮊﻥ‬،‫)ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻛﺎﺭﻳﻮﺗﺎﻳﭗ‬
‫ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻫـﺮ‬.‫ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‬Quick time ‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ‬... ‫ ﻫﻴﭙﺮﻳﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻛﻠﺮﻧﻴﻨﮓ ﻭ‬،DVA ‫ ﻣﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ‬،‫ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻓﻮﺭﺯ‬،PCR، ‫ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺯﻭ ﻣﻴﻮﺯ‬... ‫ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬،‫ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﺭﻭﻧﻮﻳﺲ‬: ‫ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ ﻛﻠﻴﭗ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻧﻴﻤﻴﺸﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺜﻲ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ‬٢٧ ‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫( ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬In teractive) ‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﻭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬.‫ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻳﻚ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻭ ﺗﺮﺷﺢ ﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻭ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﺧﻼﺻﺔ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
.‫ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬CD ‫ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ‬Q.t. ‫( ﻭ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ‬Setup . exe ‫ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺁﻥ )ﺑﺎ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻛﻠﻴﻚ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ‬CD ‫ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬CD ‫ﺁﺑﺸﻦﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
5- Gen RegVlation
58.4
Genomics Applications in Human Biology (Sandy B. Primrose & Richard M. Twyman)
‫ــــــ‬
59.4
Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (A. Malcolm Campbell, Laurie J. Heyer)
___
60.4
Genomics Proteomics & Vaccines (Gude Grandi, Chiron Vaccines., Siena. Ite)
‫ــــــ‬
61.4
GnRH Analogs in Human Reproduction
2005
62.4
Gram Stain TUTOR
(Bruno Lunenfeld)
(ANINTERACTIVE TUTORIAL THAT TEACHES THE MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF URINARY SEDIMENT)
‫ــــــ‬
(Brad Cookson, MD, PHD, Ajit Limaye, MD, Lydia Matheson, BA)
1. Introduction
2. Morphology
3. Specimen Sites
63.4
Histology & Cell Bilogy (An Introduction to Pathology)
64.4
HISTOLOGY EXPLORER
Microscope 3D
The Cell
Epithelium
Connective Tissue Proper
Blood and Bone Marrow
The Sketetal Tissues
4. Case Studies 5. Exam
6. Image Atlas
(Abraham L. Kierzenbaum, MD)
Nervous Tissue
The Circulatory System
The Lymphoid Organs
The Digestive System
The Respiratory System
The Urinary System
‫ــــــ‬
____
The Reproductive System
The Mammary Giands
The Eye
Glands
Muscular Tissue
The Skin
The Endocrine Glands
The Ear
65.4
How the Human Genome Works
2004
66.4
HUMAN HISTOLOGY CD-ROM (Alan Stevens. James Lowe)
‫ــــــ‬
67.4
Human Mulecular Genetics 3 Tom Strachan & Anderw P. Read)
2004
68.4
Images of Disease An image database for the teaching of Pathology (Nick Hawkins, Mark Dziegielewski)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑـﻪ ﺗﻮﺻـﻴﻒ ﻣﺎﻛﺮﻭﺳـﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺳـﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﺿـﺎﻳﻌﻪ‬case ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻚ ﺗﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻲ ﺍﺭﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺎﻛﺮﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝ‬CD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖ ﺩﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺷﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻤﺎﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺳﻜﻮﺑﻴﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬CD ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ‬،‫ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‬
2005
69.4
Immuno Biology the immune system in health & disease
70.4
Immunology (Blackwell Science)
2000
71.4
Interactive Color Atlas of Histology (Version 1.0) (Leslie P. Gartner James L. Hiatt) (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS)
2000
72.4
Interactive Embryology The Human Embryo Program (Jay Lash Ph.D.)
73.4
Introduction to Immunocytochemistry (3rd Edition) (J.M. Polak & S. Van Noorden)
74.4
Introduction to PROTEIN SCIENCE (Architecture, Function, and Genomies) (Arthur M. Lesk)
Laboratory Medicine: URINALYSIS (Chemical and microscopic examination of urine Atlas of Microscopic Analysis Procedures for Urinalsis) (Pesce Kaplan Pubishers Inc.)
75.4
76.4
(6th Editiion) (Chales A. Janeway, Paul Travers, Mark Walport, Mark J. Shomchik)
Method write-up for 15 chemical urinalysis procedures
Complete Specimen collection section
Interpretation of urine findings in common renal and
lower urinary tract diseases
Tables reviewing results of chemical urinalyses
2000
Extensive atlas of microscopic analysis: over 50 microphotographs of
urine sediment, including cells, casts, and artifacts
Male Infertility A Guide for the Glinician) (Anne M. Jequier)
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
24
77.4
78.4
‫ــــــ‬
Maternal- Fetal Medicine (4th Edition) (Robert K. Creasey, Robert Resnik)
2000
Media Supplement for Biochemistry (FOURH EDITION) (Roy Tasker Carl Rhodes)
1. Reaction mechanisms
2. Metabolic Pathways
3. Membrane Processes
4. Protein Synthesis
5. Molecular Representations
79.4
Menopause Biology & Pathobiology (Rogerio, Jennifer Kelsey, Robert Marcus)
‫ــــــ‬
80.4
Methods in Enzymology Guide to Yeast Genetics & Molecular & Cell Biology
Microbes in Motion III (Dr. Gloria Delisle and Dr. Lewis Tomalty Queen's University)
‫ﻭﻳﺮﻭﺱﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺑﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﻲﻫﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﺭﺍﻫﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭ ﻣﻬﺎﺭ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﭘﻴﺪﻭﻣﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻞﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ‬
‫( ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬... ‫ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺴﭙﻮﺯﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ‬، DNA ‫ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ‬،‫ﮊﻧﺘﻴﻚ )ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻛﺴﻦﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﮔﺮﻡ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ‬
Miscellaneous
2004
‫ــــــ‬
81.4
82.4
Microbial Genetics (Second Edition)
83.4
MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY (KEN S. ROSENTHAL) (Mosby)
1.
84.4
85.4
TUTORIAL: I. Topics
II. Systems
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺿﺪ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺑﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻤﻮﻧﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺿﺪ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺑﻲ‬
‫ﭘﺎﺗﻮﮊﻧﺰ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴﻢ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺑﻲ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺭﭺﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ‬
(Stanley R. Maloy, John E. Cronan, Jr., David Freifelder)
‫ــــــ‬
2002
2. TEST
III. Random
MICROBIOLOGY AND MICROBIAL INFECTIONS (Topley & Wilson's) (Albert Balows, Max sussman) (NINTH EDITION)
Mind Maps in pathology (Michele Harrison, Peter Dervan)
‫ــــــ‬
___
‫ــــــ‬
86.4
MODERN GENETIC ANALYSIS (Anthony J. F. Griffiths, William M. Gelbart, Jffrey H. Miller, Richard C. Lewontin)
Introduction
System Requirements
Getting Started
Reference
Freeman Genetics Web Site
87.4
88.4
89.4
90.4
Molecular Analysis & Genome Discovery (John Wiley & Sons, LTD)
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY in Reproducteve Medicine (B.C.J.M. Fauser, Rutherford)
Molecular Cell Biology (The immune system in health & disease) (6th Edition) (Charles A. Janeway, Paul Traversm, Mark Walport)
MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY 4.0 (Paul Matusdaru, Amold Berk, S. lawence Zipufsky, David Baltimore, James Damell, Harey lodish)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
2005
2000
91.4
Molecular Cloning A Laboratory Manual (Joseph Sambrook, David W. Russell) (Third Edition) (Volume 1-3)
92.4
Molecular Cloning (A Laboratory Manual) (Volume 2) (Joseph Sambrook, David W. Russell) (Third Edition)
‫ــــــ‬
___
93.4
Molecular Cloning (A Laboratory Manual) (Volume 3) (Joseph Sambrook, David W. Russell) (Third Edition)
___
94.4
Molecular Genetics of Bacteria
95.4
Molecular Markers, Natural History & Evolution (John C. Avise)
‫ــــــ‬
___
96.4
Molecuralar Genetics of Bacteria (Jeremy W. Dale, Simon F. Park) (Fourth Edition)
97.4
Mouse Phenotypes (A Handbook of Mutation Analysis)
98.4
MPP (Whitehead) (Mucosal Biopsy of the Gastrointestinal Tract) (Fifth Edition)
(Larry Snyder & Wendy Champness) (Second Edition)
2004
2006
(Virginia e. Papaioannou, Richard R. Behringer)
‫ــــــ‬
Nanomedicine Volume 11A: Biocompatibility (Robert A. Freitas Jr., Research Scientist, Zyvex Corporation)
NCCL INFOBASE Serving the World's Medical Science Community Through Voluntary Consensus
101.4 Obstetrical & Gynaecological Pathology (Fifth Edition) (Haines & Tailor)
‫ــــــ‬
2002
___
99.4
100.4
2005
102.4
PATHOLOGIC BASIS OF DISEASE (Robbins & Cotran) (7th Edition)
103.4
PATHOLOGIC BASIS OF DISESE Interactive Case Study Companion to ROBBIMS
Inflammation and Repair
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
Fluid and Hemodynamic Disorders
Genetic Disorders
(W. B. Saunders Company) (Sixth Edition)
Diseases of Immunity
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
Neoplasia
‫ــــــ‬
Systemic Pathology
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
25
Infectious Disease
Genitouinary, Breast, and Pregnancy Disorders
Cardiovascular Diseases
Endocrine Diseases
Hematopatholory Disorders
Skeletal Disorders
Gastrointestinal Diseases
Neuropathology
Diseases of Liver, Galbladder, and Pancreas
Diseases of Kidney
104.4
PATHOLOGY (Alan Stevens. James Lowe)
‫ــــــ‬
105.4
Pathology of Skin Atlas of Clinical-Pathologcical Corration (Robert M. Hurwitz, Antoinette F. Hood)
‫ــــــ‬
106.4
Pathology of the Lungs (Bryan Corrin)
2000
Pathology of the Skin Atlas of Clinical-Pathological Correlation Robert M. Hurwitz, MD, Antoinette F. Hood, MD)
108.4 Peripheral Blood TUTOR (ANINTERACTIVE TUTORIAL THAT TEACHES THE MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF URINARY SEDIMENT)
107.4
Introduction
Cell Morphologies
Disease Associations
Atlas
Overview, Smear Preparation
Stain Procedure, Smear
Evaluation
Cell Structure, Read Blood
Cells, White Blood Cells,
Platelets, Artifacts, Quiz
Red Blood Cells, White
Blood Cells, Neoplastic
Disorder
Cell Morphology
Disease Association
Final Exam
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
109.4
Phage display A laboratory Manual (Carlos F. Barbas, Dennis R. Burton, Jamie K. Scott, Gergg)
‫ــــــ‬
110.4
Phage Display (A Practical Approach) (Tim Clackson, Henry B. Lowman)
‫ــــــ‬
111.4
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (An Introduction for Pharmacists & Pharmaceutical Scientists) (2nd Edition) (Daan J.A. Crommelin, Robert D. Sindelar)
‫ــــــ‬
112.4
Phylogenetic Trees Made Easy (A How-To Manual) (Second Edition)
‫ــــــ‬
113.4
Practical Breast Pathology (Tibor Tot, Peter B. Dean) (Thieme)
___
114.4
Primers in Biology Protein Structure and Function
115.4
Principles of Biochemistry (Molecular, Genetics) (Volume Three)
‫ــــــ‬
___
(Gregory A Petsko Dagmar Ringe)
Principles of Genome Analysis & Genomics (Sandy B. Primrose, Richard M. Twyman)
117.4 PRINCIPLES OF Molecular Virology (THIRD EDITION)
‫ــــــ‬
116.4
• Contents
Introduciton
Particles
Genomes
Replication
Expression
Infection
2000
Pathogenesis
Novel Infectious Agents
• Appendices
Glossary, Abbreviations and Pronounciations
Classification of Sub-Cellular Infections Agents
The History of Virology
118.4
Principles of VIROLOGY Molecular Bilogy, Pathogenesis, and Control (S.J. Flint, L.W. Enquist, R.M. Krug)
119.4
Protein Bioinformatics
120.4
Protein-Protein Interactions (Methods & Applications)
121.4
PROTEINS (Structure & function)
(An Algorithmic Approach to Sequence & Struture Analysis)
‫ــــــ‬
(Ingvar eldhammer, Inge Jonassen, William R. Taylor)
2004
(John Wiley & sons, Ltd)
Proteins and proteomics (A Laboratory Manual) (Richard J. Simpson)
RAPID REVIEW HISTOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY (E. ROBERT BURNS, M. DONALD CAVE) (MOSBY)
Rheumatology & Orthopaedics (Coote, Haslam)
125.4 Samter's Immunologic Diseases (SIXTH EDITION) (K. Frank Austen, M.D, Michael M. Frank, M.D., John P. Atkinson, M.D., Harvey Cantor, M.D.)
122.4
123.4
124.4
(‫ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ )ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺫﺍﺗﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺎﺑﻲ‬‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻲ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ‬-
‫ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺫﺍﺗﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺎﺑﻲ‬‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺁﻟﺮﮊﻳﻜﻲ‬-
‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﻘﺺ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ‬‫ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ‬-
‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﺯﺩﻳﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬‫ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬-
‫ــــــ‬
2002
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻴﻚ‬‫ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬-
‫ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻨﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻨـﺎﺑﻊ‬.‫ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﻭﺍﮊﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﻭ ﭼﺎﭖ ﻣﺘﻮﻥ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬.‫ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺡﻭﺍﺭﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﮔﺬﺍﺭﺩ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
26
.‫ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻴﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
126.4
Saunders Manual of Clinical Laboratory Science
‫ـــــ‬
127.4
Short Protocols in CELL BIOLOGY (A Compendiuim of Methods from Current Protocols in Cell Biology) (Juan S. Bonifacino, Mary Dasso)
___
128.4
Short Protocols in Molecular Bilogy (A compendium of Methods from Current Protocols in Molecular Biology) (Fifth Edition) (Frederick M. Ausubel, Reger Brent…)(Vol 1 & 2)
‫ــــــ‬
129.4
SHORT PROTOCOLS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY FIFTH Edition
130.4
Short Protocols in PROTEIN SCIENCE (A Compendium of Methods from Current protocols in protein science) (John E. Coligan, Ben M. Dunn)
2002
___
131.4
Silvergerg's Principles & Practice of SURGICAL PATHOLOGY & CYTOPATHOLOGY
2006
132.4
Statistical Methods in Genetic Epidemiology (Duncan c. Thomas)
2004
133.4
Sternberg's Diagnostic Surgical Pathology (Fourth Edition) (CD I, II, III) (Stacey e. Mills, Darryl Carter, Joel K, Greenson)
134.4
Surgical Pathology
2004
‫ــــــ‬
135.4
Surgical Pathology of Non-Neoplastic Lung Disease (Third Edition)
136.4
The American Society of Hematology (41 Annual Meeting and Exposition)
137.4
The Cell 1.0 A Molecular Approach (Many Animations, Movies, Photos, and drawn images) (Geoffrey M. Cooper)
(Rosai & Ackerman) (Ninth Edition) (Juan Rosai)
A Compendium of Methods from Current Protocols in Molecular Biology
(Fourth Edition) (Steven G. Silverberg, Ronald A. Delellis)
(CD 1-4)
(Anna-Luise A. Katzenstein, M.D) (W.B. Saunders Company)
st
Cell Overview
Organelles & Energy Metabolism
Humman Genetic Diseases
The Cytoskeleto
Floww of Information
The Plasma Membrane
The Nucleus
The Extracellular Machine
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
The Cell Cycle
Cancer-A Family od Diseases
Protein Sorting and Transport
The Meiotic Divisions
138.4
The Genetics of the Growth Hormone Axis (Albert Beckers)
139.4
THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT
2003
140.4
The Infertility Manual (2nd Edition) (Kamini A Rao, Peter R Brinsden, A Henry Sathananthan)
2004
141.4
The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease
____
142.4
The Microbial Models of Molecular Biology from Genes to Genomes
143.4
UNDERSTAND! Biochemistry (3/e Version) (Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry)
1. THE BACKGROUND
2. THE MOLECULES OF LIFE
3. PROTEINS IN ACTION
(Rowland H. Davis)
4. BIOENERGETICS
5. BIOSYNTHESIS
6. NUCLEIC ACIDS AND THEIR EXPRESSION
‫ــــــ‬
2000
7. CELLULAR ARCHITECTURE AND TRAFFIC
8. THE DIVIDING CELL
9. SOME IMPORTANT TECHNIQUES
‫ــــــ‬
144.4
UNDERSTAND! Biochemistry (VERSION 1.0)
145.4
UNDERSTAND! Biology: Biochemistry (Molecules, Cell & Genes)
‫ــــــ‬
:‫ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ ﻓﻮﻕ‬CD
Basic Chemistry
146.4
Macromolecular assembly and modification
Urinalysis TUTOR
Bioenegetics
Signal transduction
Enzymology
The flow of genetic information
(ANINTERACTIVE TUTORIAL THAT TEACHES THE MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF URINARY SEDIMENT) (Caria M. Phillips, MLM, MT(ASCP),
Metabolism
Molecular biology techniques
Paul J. Henderson, MS, MT(ASCP), Claudia Bein, BS, MT(ASCP))
‫ــــــ‬
.‫ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﺎﺕ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬٥ ‫ ﺩﺭ‬interactive ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ‬
(‫ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﻟﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻱ‬،‫ ﻓﻴﻠﻮﻧﻔﺮﻳﺖ‬،‫ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﻧﻔﺮﻭﺗﻴﻚ‬.‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎ )ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﮔﻠﻮﻣﺮﻭﻟﻮﻧﻔﺮﻳﺖ‬.٥ (‫ ﺁﺭﺗﻴﻔﻜﺖﻫﺎ‬،‫ ﺍﺭﮔﺎﻧﻴﺰﻣﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﻛﺮﻳﺴﺘﺎﻟﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﺭﺳﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭ )ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭ‬.٣
.(‫ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻳﻚ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬.‫ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺗﻲ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﭼﻨﺪ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬B ‫ ﻭ‬A ‫ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻥ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻲ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﻭﺳﺮﻱ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻥ‬.٤
147.4
Using Antibodies (A Laboratory Manual)
(‫ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ‬،‫ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ‬،‫ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ )ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‬.١
(‫ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ )ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺠﺰﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‬.٢
(Ed Harlo, David Lanp)
148.4 Ute Schepers RNA Interference in Practice (Principles, Basics, & methode for Gene Silencing in c. elegans, Drosophila and Mammals)
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ــــــ‬
2005
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
27
149.4
Viral Hepatitis (Third Edition)
150.4
Virus Life in diagrams
151.4
Volume I: Basic Technologies Bioinformatics from Genomes to Drugs (Methods & Principles in Medicinal Chemistry) (R. Mannhold H. Kubinyi)
2002
152.4
Volume II: Applications Bioinformatics from Genomes to Drugs (Methods & Principles in Medicinal Chemistry) (R. Mannhold H. Kubinyi)
2002
153.4
WHO Laboratory Manual for the examination of Human Semen and sperm-cervical mucus interaction (Fourth Edition)
154.4
WHO Manual for the standardized investigation & diagnosis of the infertile couple (Patrick J, Rowe, Frank H. Conhaire, Timothy B. Hargreave)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
155.4
WHO Manul for the standardized investigation, diagnosis and management of the infertile male (Patrick J. Rowe, Frank H. Comhaire)
___
(Professor Howard Thomas, Professor Stanley Lemon, Professor Arie Zuckerman)
(Hans-W. Ackermann, Laurent Berthiaume, Michel Tremblay)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ﻗﻠﺐ‬-٥
CD ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
2.4
A Slide Atlas of ATHEROSCLEROSIS Progression and Regression (Herbert C. Stary, MD)
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
2002
‫ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ‬.‫ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺴﺮﻓﺖ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺁﺗﺮﻭﺍﺳﻜﻠﺮﻭﺯﻳﺲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻭ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٩٤ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ‬
.‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬
1.5
A visible improvement in angina treatment (VCD)
Post-EECP stress perfusion image, Markedly improved anterior, septal, and inferior wall perfusion.
‫ــــــ‬
2.5
Advanced Echocardiography: Quantitaive 2-D & Doppler Ultrasoun (Miguel A. Quinones, William A. Zoghbl)
‫ــــــ‬
3.5
4.5
5.5
6.5
Advanced Therapy in CARDIAC SURGERY (Kenneth L. Franco, Edward D. Verrier)
ACCSAP (Adult Clinical Cardiology Self-Assessment Program) (C. Richard Donti, MD, Richard P. Lewis, MD) (AMERICAN COLLEGE of CARDIOLOGY)
Acute Heart Failure (THE CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION) (W. Frank Peacock, MD) (The Emergency Department and the Economics of Care)
American Heart Associations fighting Heart Disease and Stroke Abstracts from Scientific Sessions (Augustus O. Grant, Raymond J. Gibbons)
-Basic Science
-Clinical Science
-Population Science
Atlas of Transesophageal Echocardiography (Navin C. Nanda, MD, Michael J. Domanski) (Williams & Wilkins)
2003
2000
2004
2002
7.5
1. Normal Anatomy
2. Prosthetic Valves and Rings
3. Mitral Valve
4. Ischemic Heart Disease
5. Aortic Valve and Aorta
6. Cardiomyopathy
8.5
All in One (Diabetes and the Heart) (MERCK)
9.5
BEYOND HEART SOUNDS The Interactive Cardic Exam (John Michael Criley, MD) (VOL 1)
Introduction to anscultation
Frontal Chest Anatomy
The Cardinal areas of anscultation
Using the stethoscope
10.5
BRAUNWALD'S HEART DISESE
Hemodynamics tutorial The cardiac cycle
Mitral and aortic valve flow
Hemodynamic changes in disease
Mitral Stenosis
Aortic stenosis
2004
‫ــــــ‬
Pulse Tutorial
Introduction
Carotid Pulses
Jugular Venous Pulses
A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine (7th Edition) (Douglas P. Zipes, Peter Libby) (Volume I , II)
11.5 Cardiac Catheterization, Angiography, and Intervention
‫ــــــ‬
7. Tricuspid and Pulmonary Valves
8. Congenital Heart Disease
(SIXTH EDITION) (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS)
‫ــــــ‬
2000
.‫ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬٣٥ ‫ ﻭ‬Grossmam's Cadiac Cathetrization ....... ‫ ﺷﺸﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬edition ‫ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬Procerdue- related Findinig ‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ﻭ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ‬Case50 ‫ﻭﺟﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮﻳﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪28‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﺗﺘﺮﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ‪ -٢‬ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ‪ -Brachiel Cutdown – Percutaneous approuch) Basic‬ﻛﺎﺗﺘﺮﺍﺯﻳﺴﻮﻥ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩﺍﻥ( ‪ -٣‬ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻫﻤﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻚ )ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ‪ -‬ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ‪ blood flow‬ﻭ ‪ output‬ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻭ ‪(....‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ) ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﻛﺮﻭﻧﺮﻱ – ﻭﻧﺘﺮﻳﻜﻮﻟﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ – ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻭﭘﻮﻟﻤﻮﻧﺮﻱ‪ -‬ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺁﺋﻮﺭﺕ ﻭ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ( ‪ -٥‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻓﺎﻧﻜﺸﻨﺎﻝ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ )ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺱ ‪ Test‬ﻃﻲ ﻛﺎﺗﺘﺮﺍﺯﻳﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﻄﻦﻫﺎ ‪ ،Ejection Fraction‬ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺩﻳﺎﺳﺘﻮﻟﻲ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻮﻟﻲ ﺑﻄﻨﻲﻫﺎ ﻭ ‪(...‬‬
‫‪) : Special Catheter Techniquse -٦‬ﺍﻛﻮﻛﺎﺭﺩﻳﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﻮﭘﺴﻲ‪ -‬ﺍﻭﻟﺘﺮﺍﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ‪ -‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ‪ deivce‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺭﻣـﺎﻥ ﺁﺭﻳﺘﻴﻤـﻲﻫـﺎ ‪ intrathoracic balloon Counter Pulsation -‬ﻭ ‪ -٧ (...‬ﺗﻜﻨﻴـﻚﻫـﺎﻱ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠـﻪﺍﻱ )ﺁﻧﺘﮋﻳﻮﭘﻼﺳـﺘﻲ ﻋـﺮﻭﻕ‬
‫ﻛﺮﻭﻧﺮﻱ‪ -‬ﺁﺗﺮﻭﻛﺘﻮﻣﻲ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻛﺮﻭﻧﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺒﻜﺘﻮﻣﻲ ‪Stent-‬ﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻛﺮﻭﻧﺮ – ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﻭ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﺎﻥ( ‪ Profile -٨‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧـﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻـﻲ‪) :‬ﻃـﺮﺯ ﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺗﺘﺮﻳﺰﺍﺳـﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺁﻧﮋﻳـﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﻤـﺎﺭﻱﻫـﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻳﭽـﻪﺍﻱ ﻗﻠـﺐ –‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﺮﺍﺋﻴﻦ ﻛﺮﻭﻧﺮﻱ‪ -‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻣﺒﻮﻟﻲ ﺭﻳﻪ ﻭ ‪ (...‬ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮﻳﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻛﺎﺗﺘﺮﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﻭﻧﺘﺮﻳﻜﻮﻟﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺑﻄﻦ ﭼﭗ‬‫ ﺁﻧﻮﻣﺎﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻭ ‪ CAD‬ﻏﻴﺮ ﺁﺗﺮﻭﺳﻜﺮﻭﺗﻴﻚ‬‫ ﻛﺎﺗﺘﺮﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ‪Basic‬‬‫ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺁﺋﻮﺭﺕ ﻭ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ‬‫ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻼﺕ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ )‪ Stent‬ﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ‪ -‬ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ‪ -‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻥﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ‪ Rotabalator‬ﻭ ‪ (....‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪12.5 Cardiovascular Surgery‬‬
‫)‪(VCD) (CD I, II, III‬‬
‫"‪Excerpted from "Medical & Surgical Controversies in CV disease: The Aorta and Peripheral Vessels‬‬
‫‪Course Directors: Thoralf M. Sundt III, MD and Peter C. Spittell, MD‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪2003‬‬
‫)‪(Richard E. Klabunde‬‬
‫)‪(Nadim Al-Mubarak, Gary S. Roubin, Sriram S. Layer, Jiri J. Vitek‬‬
‫)‪14.5 Carotid Artery Stenting (Current Practice and Techniques‬‬
‫)‪15.5 CathSAP Cardiac Catheterization and Interventional Cardiology Self-Assessment Program (Carl J. Pepine, MD, Steven E. Nissen, MD‬‬
‫‪A Satellite Symposium held during the ESC Heart Failure meeting‬‬
‫)‪(Steven N. Konstadt‬‬
‫‪16.5 Challenging established treatment patterns in chronic heart failure‬‬
‫)‪17.5 Clinical TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY (A PROBLEM- ORIENTED APPROACH) (Second Edition‬‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪13.5 Cardiovascular Physiology Concepts‬‬
‫‪18.5 Clinical Utility of Contrast Echocardiography‬‬
‫)‪Sonovue: An ideal contrast agent for Low MI myocardial Perfusion (Dr. Daniela Bokor, Bracco sa, Milano‬‬
‫"‪What's new in cardic echography (Dr. Luciano Agati, University "La Sapienza Roma‬‬
‫)‪Ischemic coronary artery disease (Dr. Harld Becher, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford‬‬
‫)‪19.5 Congestive Heart Failure (NOVARTIS) (CD I , II‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ‪ CD‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ‪ Ciba‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ Frank .H.Netter‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ‪ ،Case report ،‬ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮﻳﻲ ﻭ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺻﻮﺗﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ‪ Case report‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺗﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺍﻻﺕ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻠﻴﻚ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﻛﻤﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ multiple choice test‬ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ‪ CHF‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ .١ :‬ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ‬
‫‪ .٢‬ﺍﺗﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ‪CHF‬‬
‫‪ .٣‬ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪CHF‬‬
‫‪ .٤‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ‪ management ،‬ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ‪ CHF‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪20.5 Coronary Heart Disease (J. Hurley Myers, Ph.D., Frank H. Netter, M.D.‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫)‪21.5 Current Diagnosis & Treatment in CARDIOLOGY (7th Edition) (Michael H. Crawford. MD‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫)‪22.5 Drugs for the Heart (Sixth Edition‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ -١ :‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ‪ -٢‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ -١ :‬ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻛﺮﻭﻧﺮﻱ ‪ -٢‬ﺁﺗﺮﻭﺍﺳﻜﻠﺮﻭﺯﻳﺲ ‪ -٣‬ﺍﻧﻔﺎﺭﻛﺘﻮﺱ ﻣﻴﻮﻛﺎﺭﺩ‬
‫ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻓﺼﻞ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮﻓﺼﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻨﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻭ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ -١‬ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ‪ -٢‬ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﺧﻮﻧﻲ ﻗﻠﺐ ‪ -٣‬ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﻧﺴﺪﺍﺩ ﺳﺮﺧﺮﮔﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻛﻠﻴﻠﻲ ‪ -٤‬ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻧﺴﺪﺍﺩ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻛﺮﻭﻧﺮ ‪ -٥‬ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻦ ﺻﺪﺭﻱ ‪ -٦‬ﺍﻧﻔﺎﺭﻛﺘﻮﺱ ﻣﻴﻮﻛﺎﺭﺩ ‪ -٧‬ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ‪ -٨‬ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ‪ -٩‬ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ )ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ‬
‫ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ )ﺑﺎ ﭘﺨﺶ ﺻﺪﺍ( ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻓﻴﻠﻤﻬﺎﻱ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ(‬
‫)‪(Salekan E-Book) (Lionel H. Opie, Bernard J. Gersh‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪23.5 Dynamic Practical Electrodiography (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪24.5 ECG (Jay W. Mason, MD‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪25.5 ECG DIAGNOSIS MADE EASY ROMEO VEGHT‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ ‪ ٩‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ ‪ Internet explorer‬ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ‪ ٣٥٠‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ‪ ECG‬ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮﻱ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻭ ﭼﺎﭖ ﻭ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﺓ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ٩ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣـﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
29
:‫ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
1. Basic Priciples (‫ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ‬، ‫ ﺩﭘﻮﻻﺭﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ‬،‫ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﺩﻫﺎ‬،‫ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ‬
2. Hypertrophy
6. Chardiomyopathies and autoimmune disorders
3. ECG ‫ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺿﺒﻂ‬....) Ischaemic (Coronary) heart disease
4. Pericarditis, myocarditis and metabolic disorders
5. Conductin impairment
7. Rhythm disturbances
6. Pacemakers, ICDs and cardioversion Mixed ECG quizzes
‫ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺯﻧﻴﻢ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻧﺼﺐ ﭘﺮﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﺍﻓـﻖ‬Next ‫ ﺳﭙﺲ‬.‫ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬Setup ‫ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻳﻢ‬Setup ‫ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ‬CD ‫ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻮ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻳﻢ‬my
26.5 ECG-SAP III (Jay W. Mason, MD, FACC)
-Using ECG-SAP III -Standard Tracings -Syndromes
27.5
computer ‫ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ‬CD ‫ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ‬:‫( ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻧﺼﺐ‬
.‫ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻴﻢ‬Finish ‫ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺯﻧﻴﻢ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ‬Next
‫ــــــ‬
-Computer Overreads
-Serial Tracings
Echo Lecture (VIDEO SERIES) (7CD) (Mayo)
-Stress Testing
-ECG of the Month
-Guidelines
-Utilities
:‫ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD ‫ ﺳﺮﻱ‬٧ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬
1. TEE in the Operating Room (Bijoy K. Khandheria, MD)
‫ــــــ‬
Intraoperative echocardiography has become an essential component to the surgical approach to valvular disease. Dr. Bijoy Khandheria discusses the utility of intraoperative echocardiography and its
impact on the surgical management of cardiovascular disease.
2. TEE in Adult Congenital Heart Disease (James B. Seward, M.D.)
Dr. James Seward Presents Adult Congenital Heart Disease. A generation of Children Have Grown into adulthood and Present with postoperative congenital heart disease. Transesophageal
echocardiography is extremely helpful but may not always be necessary in the assessment of adult congenital heart disease. Learn from the expert regarding appropriate use of transesophageal
echocardiography and assessment of residua and sequela of adult congenital heart disease.
3. Understanding Operative Procedures for Patients with Univentricular Heart from Palliation to Fontan (James B. Seward, M.D.)
Dr. Seward gives a detailed overview of complex anomalies and their applicable corrections. Topics included are Blalock, Mustard, Glen and Fontan corrections. Graphic depictions of each corrective
procedure, possible complications and echocardiographic example are included.
4. Mitral Valve Regurgitation: Essential Measurements. Pitfalls and Limitations. (Fletcher A. Miller, Jr., MD)
Dr. Fletcher Miller discusses and presents the current approach to the quantitative evaluation of mitral valve regurgitation. This is an excellent review of current quantitative assessment of mitral valve
regurgitation including pitfalls and limitations.
5. Mitral Vale Regurgitation: Evidence-Based Practice (A. Jamil Tajik, MD)
A Classic presentation by Dr. A. Jamil Tajik on a change in clinical practice with regard to the quantitation of regurgitation and then a change in medical management with early surgery and repair of the mitral valve.
6. Evaluating the Patient with Prothetic Valve (Fletcher A. Miller, Jr., MD)
Dr. Fletcher Miller, an expert on the echocardiographic assessment of prosthetic valves, presents a detailed in-depth review of the quantitative echo Doppler approach to the prosthetic valve. It is
important to understand the hemodynamic pitfalls and limitations of the echocardiographic assessment of cardiac prosthetic valves.
7. Stress Echocardiography and Contrast (Patricia A. Pellikka, M.D.)
Stress Echocardiography and Contrast Using illustrative cases, Dr. Pellikka gives an expert presentation and discussion on the role of contrast in stress echocardiography. Pitfalls and limitations of contrast stress
echocardiography are also discussed. New Horizons in Stress Echocardiography Dr. Pellikka, an expert in Stress echocardiography, discusses Dobutamine stress echocardiography and its role in preoperative risk
stratification. Also discussed are new advances in stress echocardiography such as color kinesis and acoustic quantification, color Doppler imaging, and strain and strain rate imaging.
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
38.5 ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
39.5 ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
40.5 ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
28.5
29.5
30.5
31.5
32.5
33.5
34.5
35.5
36.5
37.5
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
2-D/DOPPLER WITH COLOR FLOW IMAGING
(UPDATE NO. 1)
2-D/DOPPLER WITH COLOR FLOW IMAGING (VOLUME 1) (VCD)
(TRANSESOPHAGEAL- ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY)
(ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY Normal 2-D And M-MODE EXAM))
2-D/DOPPLER WITH COLOR FLOW IMAGING (VOLUME 10) (VCD) (CARDIAC MASSES)
2-D/DOPPLER WITH COLOR FLOW IMAGING (VOLUME 11-A,B) (VCD CD I, ii) (ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF PROSTHETIC HEART VALVES)
2-D/DOPPLER WITH COLOR FLOW IMAGING (VOLUME 12) (VCD) (INTERVENTIONAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY)
2-D/DOPPLER WITH COLOR FLOW IMAGING (VOLUME 2) (VCD)
(DOPPLER AND COLOR FLOW IMAGING: PHYSICS, INSTRUMENTATIONS AND THE NORMAL EXAM)
2-D/DOPPLER WITH COLOR FLOW IMAGING (VOLUME 4) (VCD)
(ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN AORTIC VAL VE DISEASE)
2-D/DOPPLER WITH COLOR FLOW IMAGING (VOLUME 5) (VCD)
(ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN CORONARY HEART DISEASE)
2-D/DOPPLER WITH COLOR FLOW IMAGING (VOLUME 6) (VCD)
(ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE IN THE ADULT)
2-D/DOPPLER WITH COLOR FLOW IMAGING (VOLUME 7) (VCD) (ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN CARDIOMYOPATHIES: DILATED, RESTRICTIVE AND HYPERTROPHIC)
2-D/DOPPLER WITH COLOR FLOW IMAGING (VOLUME 8) (VCD) (ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN PERICARDIAL DISEASE)
(VOLUME 9) (VCD) (ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN TRICUSPID AND PULMONIC VALVE DISEASE AND DESEASES OF THE AORTA)
2-D/DOPPLER WITH COLOR FLOW IMAGING (VOLUME3) (VCD) (ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN MITRAL VALVE DISEASE)
2-D/DOPPLER WITH COLOR FLOW IMAGING
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
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‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
30
41.5 EchoSAP III (Echocardiography Self-Assessment Program)(Echocardiography Overview: Technique and Applications)
(Volume 1)
2000
(Jemes D. Thomas, MD, Ellen Mayer-Sabik, MD)
-Introduction and Overview
-Examinations
-Applications
-Self-Assessment Questions
-Evidence-Based Medicine
-Conclusions
42.5 EECP: Current Experience and Future Directions
‫ــــــ‬
43.5 Electronic Image Collection of Comprehensive Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (John W. Hallet, Joseph L. Mills, Jonothan J. Eamsbaw, Jim A Reekers)
2004
1. Background
3. claudication
2. Mesenteric Syndromes 4. Renovascular disease
5. Chronic Lower Extremity Ischemia
6. Aneurysmal Disease
7. Acute Limb Ischemia
8. Cerebrovascular Disease
9. Upper Extremity Problems
10. Venous Disease
44.5 ENDOVASCULAR TECHNIQUES (Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms) (Workshop) (l. Flessenkämper) (15th Endovascular Symposium Berlin)
‫ــــــ‬
45.5 ESC Congress
2004
46.5 EVOLVING ISSUES IN THE MANAGEMENT CHD
SECTION 1
(National Lipid Education Council
SECTION II
TM
2002
)
SECTION III
SECTION IV
SECTION V
Emerging Evidence-Based Data From Clinical Trials PAD Lipids and Risk
Inflammatory Markers: Anovel Approach Use of Genomics to discover new targets for therapy Case study: Diabetes
NON-HDL-Case Secondary Targert of Therapy
Lipid Management Though combination Therapy Case Study: Novel Risk Markers
Examining the nonlipid effects of statins
What is it's Role in clinical practice?
Case Study:Combination Therapy
Case Study: NON-HDL-C
47.5 Feigenbun's Echocardiography
Textbook & Video Library (Sixth Edition) (Harvey Feigenbaum, William F. Armstrong, Thomas Ryan)
2005
48.5 Grossman's Cardiac Catheterization, Angiography and intervention (Sixth Edition) (Donald S. Baim, William Grossman)
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49.5 HEART DISEASE (FIFTH EDITION)
‫ــــــ‬
A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine (W.B. SAUNDERS COMPANY)
.‫ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺠﺰﺍ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٤ ‫( ﺍﺯ‬e-book) ‫ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ‬
(Mendelsohn) Reviwe and Assessment Book -٤
(Hennekens) Clinical Trials in Cardiovascular Disease -٣
(chien) Molecular Basis of Heart Disase -٢
(Braunwald) Heart Disease -١
‫ )ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ( ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺭﺯﻳﺪﻧﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ‬Search ‫ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ‬CD ‫ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﺳﻮﺍﻝ ﻭ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬٧٠٦ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺳﻮﺍﻻﺕ ﭼﻨﺪ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺤﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻓﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ‬
‫( ﻫﻤﮕﻲ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺲ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻛﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻭ‬e-book) ‫ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﺀ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬CD ‫ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻭﺳﻴﻊ ﺍﻳﻦ‬Search ‫ ﻫﻢﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ‬.‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺘﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺷﺎﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
.‫ ﺷﻮﺩ‬CCU ‫ﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺎﺗﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺭﺯﻳﺪﻧﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎ ﻥ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ‬club
50.5 HEART SOUNDS
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51.5 HEART SOUNDS Basic Cardiac Auscultation Version 3.0 (Leonard Werner, M.D., Brian Pitts, David Gilsdorf)
2003
52.5 Heart Sounds Basic Cardiac Auscultation CD-ROM to Accompany (M.D., F.A/C.P., Brian Pitts, M.D., David Gilsdorf) (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)
2003
53.5 Highlights
2004
ESC Congress
54.5 HURST'S THE HEART (R. Wayne Alexander, Robert C. Schlant, Valentin Fuster
.‫ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬CD‫ ﻓﺼﻠﻲ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺷﻜﻞﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻓﺼﻠﻲ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺻﺪﺍﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺻﻮﺗﻲ‬،‫ ﻓﺼﻞ‬١٦ ‫ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ‬Hurst ‫ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬Text ‫ ﻧﻬﻢ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ‬Edition ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬
.‫ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‬،(‫ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺲ )ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻜﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﺁﻥ‬CD ‫ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﭼﻨﺪ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻫﻤﺮﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮﺍﻳﻦ‬
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55.5 Hypertension & Olmetec
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56.5 Interactive Atlas of Transesophageal Color Doppler Echocardiography (Raffaele De Simone)
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57.5 Interactive Atlas of Transesophageal Color Doppler Echocardiography
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58.5 Interactive Echocardiography: A Clinical Atlas
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
(Raffaele De Simone)
(Th. Binder, M.D., G. Rehak,G. Porenta. M.D., Ph.D., M. Zengeneh, M.D., G. Maurer, M.D., H. Baumgartner, M.D.)
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
University of Vienna, Austria
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‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
31
59.5 Interactive Echocardiography: Interactive ECG
(J.H. Myers, A.F. Moukaddem, N. Tongsak)
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60.5 Interactive Electrocardiography on Cd-Rom (Curtis M. Rimmerman, Anil K. Jain)
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61.5 Interventional Cardiology Clinical Resource (Disc 1 & 2) (Evidence . Analysis . Recommendations . Consensus Reports)
2003
62.5 Intra-Aortic Balloon Catheter Insertion and Removal Technique
1. INTRODUCTION
2. LAB SELECTION
3. LAB PREPARATION
4. LAB INSERTION
63.5 Manual of Cardiovascular Medicine (Second Edition)
(ARROW)
5. LAB CATHETER
PREPARATION
6. LAB CATHETER INSERTION
7. LAB REMOVAL :‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬CD ‫ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
2002
2004
(Brian P. Griffin, Eric J. Topol)
64.5 Mastering Auscultation An Audio Tour to Cardiac Diagnosis Clinical Findings Diagnosis Treatment Tutorial Text Reference (Dr. Anthony Don Michael's)
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65.5 Mechanical Support for Cardiac & Respiratory Failure in Pediatric Patients
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66.5 MVP Video Journal of Cardilogy
(Brain W. Duncan)
(Maria-Teresa Olivari, M.D., Antonio M. Gotto, M.D., D. Phill.)
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‫ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺘﺨﺼـﺺ ﺑـﻪ ﻫﻤـﺮﺍﻩ ﻧﻤـﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﺳـﻼﻳﺪ ﻭ‬،‫ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬.‫ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﺠﺰﺍ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٤٥ ‫( ﺑﻪﻣﺪﺕ‬VCD ‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ )ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‬MVP ‫ﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻱ‬
:‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
1-Determination of Rejection in the Cardiac transplant Recipient
Maria-Teresa Olivari ‫ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬: ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ‬
.‫ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻤﻮﻧﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻜﻲ )ﺁﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﻴﻮﺯﻳﻦ( ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﻏﻴﺮﺗﻬﺎﺟﻤﻲ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،MRI ،‫ ﺍﻛﻮﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ‬،‫ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺭﺩ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺍﻛﻮﻛﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ‬
Antonio Gotto ‫ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬:‫ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ‬
2- Triglycerides, HDL and coronary Heat Disease
.‫ ﻭ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﺔ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﺔ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻛﺮﻭﻧﺮﻱ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬.‫ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﺔ ﺭﮔﻬﺎﻱ ﻛﺮﻭﻧﺮﻱ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
Carl E. Orringer ‫ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬:‫ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ‬
3- Management of Cardiac Disease in Pregnancy
،‫ ﺩﺭﻣـﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳـﻲ ﺑﻴﻤـﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻗﻠﺒـﻲ ﺑـﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬،... ‫ ﻭ‬MRI ،‫ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺍﻛﻮﻛﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠـﺮ‬،‫ ﺳﻤﻊ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬،‫ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﻲ‬- ‫ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ‬،(... ‫ ﺍﻳﺴﺖ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ﻭ‬،‫ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺿﺮﺑﻪﺍﻱ‬، ‫ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻱ )ﺑﺮﻭﻥﺩﻩ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ‬،‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ‬
.‫ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬... ‫ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ‬،‫ﻛﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﻣﻴﻮﭘﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬
67.5 MVP Video Journal of Cardiology (Anthony C. Pearson, M.D., Charles B. Higgins, M.D., William W. O'Neill, M.D.) (VCD)
‫ــــــ‬
:‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﻪ ﻭ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‬40 ‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ‬MVP ‫ﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻱ‬
1- The stately Art of MR in Cardiovascuvlar Disease
Charles P. Higgins ‫ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬:‫ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ‬
.‫ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.... ‫ ﻭ‬MRI ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬MRI ‫ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ‬،‫ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬، MRI ‫ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﺔ‬،‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ‬
2. Arguing for Angioplasy in Acute Myocardial infction
William w. ONeill ‫ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬:‫ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ‬
‫ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﺩﻳﺴﻚ ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ‬، ‫ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻧﮋﻳﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ‬، Lone PTCA ‫ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬،‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ ﺍﻧﮋﻳﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ‬
Anthony C. Pearson :‫ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬:‫ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ‬
3- Improved understanding of cardioembolic Stroke prorided by Transesophageal Echoecardiography
.‫ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Case ‫ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ‬TEE ‫ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺍﻛﻮﻛﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻡ‬،TEE ‫ ﻭ‬TEE ‫ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ‬،TEE ‫ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ‬،‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﺔ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻣﭙﻮﻟﻲﻫﺎ‬
68.5 MVP VIDEO JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC SURGERY (VIDEO SEGMENT I & II) Thromboexclusion for Treatment of Descending Aortic Dissection (John A. Elefteriades, MD)
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69.5 Nicorandil in Angina Pectoris from symptom Management to Cardioprotection (Professor Derek, Professor James M Downey, PD Dr. Med, Christian Schneider)
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70.5 Perioperative Transesophageal Echocardiography
2003
1. Basics of Echocardiography
(Patricia M. Applegate, Richard L. Applegate, I)
2. Clinical TEE Examination
71.5 Perioperative Transesophageal Echocardiography
3. Clinical Uses of Perioperative TEE
4. Unknowns
5. Perioperative
(Patricia M. Applegate, M.D., Richard L. Applegate, II)
2003
72.5 PLUMER'S PRINCIPLES & PRACTICE OF INTERAVENOUS THERAPY (SEVEN EDITION) (Sharon M. Weinstein)
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73.5 Practical Perioperative Transoesophageal Echocardiography Introduction, instructions and acknowledgements (David Sidebotham, John Faris, Alan Merry, Andrew Kerr)
2003
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪32‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫)‪74.5 TEE An Intractive Exam Review on CD-ROM (CD I , II) (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪75.5 TEXTBOOK OF CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE (2 Edition) (ERIC J. TOPOL‬‬
‫‪nd‬‬
‫‪ CD‬ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ‪ Text‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻋﻜﺲ ﻭ ﻓﺎﻳﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﺻﻮﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﻭ ﺟﻠـﺪﻱ ‪ Text book of Cardiovascular Medicine‬ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛـﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺻﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻜﺲ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﭗ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮﺋﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪) .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻨﮕﻲ ﺩﺭﻳﭽﻪ ﻣﻴﺘﺮﺍﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱﻫﺎ )ﺍﻛﻮ‪ (...‬ﻭ ﻓﺎﻳﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﺻﻮﺗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺻﺪﺍﻱ ‪ ECG,M.S‬ﻭ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺗﺘﺮﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮﻛﻠﻴﭗ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪ -٢‬ﻛﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺍﺗﺮﻭﺳﻜﻠﺮﻭﺯ‪ ،‬ﺭﮊﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻲ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻗﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﭼﺮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺯﺵ‪ ،‬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﮕﺎﺭ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﺮﻭﮊﻥ‪ ،‬ﺟﻨﺲ ﺯﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺍﺗﺎﻧﻮﻝ ﻭ ﻗﻠﺐ‪ ،‬ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻭ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺗﻮﺍﻧﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ( ‪ -٣‬ﻛﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‪) :‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﺴﻜﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻳﭽﻪﺍﻱ ‪ ،‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺯﺍﺩﻱ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻣﻮﺭﺍﻝ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺩﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻲ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺮﻱ ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻭﻣـﺎ ﻣـﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪-(.‬‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ‪ -‬ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ‪ -‬ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ‪ -٤‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ‪ :‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻜﺲ ﻭ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺻﻮﺗﻲ ﻭ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ ﻛﻠﻴﭗ‪) :‬ﺗﻔﺴـﻴﺮ ﻋﻜـﺲ ﺳـﺎﺩﻩ ﺭﻳـﻪ – ‪ ECG‬ﺩﺭ ﺣـﻴﻦ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ – ﺍﻛﻮﻛـﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ‪ – transthoracic‬ﺍﺳـﺘﺮﺱ ﺍﻛﻮﻛـﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ – ﺍﺭﺯﻳـﺎﺑﻲ ﺑـﺎ ﺩﺍﭘﻠـﺮ ‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﻛﻮﻛﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ‪ -transesophageal‬ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻫﺴﺘﻪﺍﻱ – ‪ CT, PET , MRI‬ﻗﻠﺐ – ﺍﻛﻮﻛﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ‪ -٥ .( intraoperative‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ‪ Pacing‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪) :‬ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﻭ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺁﺭﻳﺘﻤـﻲﻫـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴـﺖﻫـﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻓﻴﺰﻭﻟـﻮﮊﻱ‪ECG‬‬
‫ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ﺍﻳﺴﻜﻤﻴﻚ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﺍﻳﺴﻜﻤﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺯ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻦ ‪ Pacemaker‬ﻭ ﻓﻴﺒﺮﻳﻠﻴﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ( ‪ -٦‬ﻛﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪ invasive‬ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‪ :‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻜـﺲ ﻭ ﻓـﻴﻠﻢ )ﺁﻧﮋﻳـﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻛﺮﻭﻧـﺮﻱ‪ -‬ﻛﺎﺗﺘﺮﻳﺰﺍﺳـﻴﻮﻥ ﻗﻠﺒـﻲ ‪ Procedures ،Percutaneos ،‬ﺑـﺎﻱﭘـﺲ ﻗﻠـﺐ–‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﻛـﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻣﻠﻜـﻮﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻼ ﺑﺎﻱﭘﺲ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ – ﺍﻭﻟﺘﺮﺍﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ ﻭ ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺯ ﻛﺎﺗﺘﺮﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺯﺍﺩﻱ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ( ‪ -٧‬ﻧﺎﺭﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻗﻠﺐ‬
‫‪ Restenosis‬ﺍﭘﻴﺪﻣﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ– ‪ approach‬ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺒ ﹰ‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﻭﺍﺳﻜﻮﻟﺮ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪ :Multimedia -١٠‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻜﺲ ﻭ ﺻﺪﺍﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ )ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺍﺑﻨﺮﻣﺎﻝ( ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﭗﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻳﺪﻳﻮﺋﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﻛﺎﺗﺘﺮﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ – ‪ - CT/MRI‬ﺍﻛﻮﻛﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ – ‪ - ECG‬ﺍﻭﻟﺘﺮﺍﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ‪ – intravascular‬ﻧﻮﻛﻠﺌﺎﺭ – ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ – ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ – ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‪ -‬ﭼﺸﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮﻛﻠﻴﭗ‪ :‬ﻛﺎﺗﺘﺮﻳﺰﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ – ‪ – CT/MRI‬ﺍﻛﻮﻛﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ – ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ‪ Pacing‬ﻭ ﺍﻭﻟﺘﺮﺍﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ – ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻪﺍﻱ – ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‪.‬‬
‫•‬
‫‪ ،Endof-Life Care‬ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭﺭﺯﺷﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺼﺒﻲ ﺍﺗﻮﻧﻮﻡ‪،‬‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫ﺻﺪﺍﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ‪ :‬ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺍﺑﻨﺮﻣﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﺮﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ‪CD‬‬
‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪ ، Percutaneous Coronaryintervantion‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﺭﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﻗﻠﺐ‪ ،‬ﮊﻥﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﻟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻗﻠﺐ‬
‫( ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ ‪ : TEXTBOOK OF CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ ‪ Cardiovascular Medicine‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ‪ CD‬ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ‪ Flash‬ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻛـﺎﺩﺭ ﺳـﻤﺖ ﭼـﭗ ﺗﺼـﻮﻳﺮ‪،‬‬
‫ﮔﺰﻳﻨﺔ ‪ Install TOPOL‬ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺳﭙﺲ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﺤﺎﻭﺭﻩﺍﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ )ﺣﺪﻭﺩﹰﺍ ‪ ٣٠-٤٠‬ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ( ﻭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻓﺮﺽ ‪ C:\Program files\CardioVascularMedicine‬ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴـﻤﺖ ﭘـﺎﻳﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﻛﻤﺔ ‪ Install‬ﻛﻠﻴﻚ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ )ﺍﮔﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻴﺪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻩ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ( ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻠﻴﻚ ﺑﺮﺭﻭﻱ ‪ Install‬ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﺑﺨﻮﺩ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ ٢٠‬ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺑﻨـﺎﻡ ‪ Install complete‬ﻣـﻲ ﺁﻳـﺪ ﺑـﺮﺭﻭﻱ‬
‫ﺩﻛﻤﺔ ‪ Done‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎ ﻛﻠﻴﻚ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﻛﻤﻜﻲ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ‪ .Quick Time, Internet Explorer :‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﺼـﺐ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺍﻛﺴﭙﻠﻮﺭﺭ ﺑﺎﻭﺭﮊﻥ ‪ 5.5‬ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺿﻤﻨﹰﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻬﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻭﻳﻨﺪﻭﺯﻫﺎﻱ ‪ 2000, NT, ME, 98, 95‬ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﺎ ‪ 200 MHZ‬ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺷﮕﺮ ﻭ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪ 32‬ﻣﮕﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺭﻭﺩﺍﺭﻳﺪ )ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻥ ‪ (CD‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﺔ ‪ Internet Explore 5.5‬ﺭﺍ ﻛﻠﻴﻚ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ‪ I accept the agreement‬ﻛﻠﻴﻚ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﻛﻤﺔ ‪ Next‬ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﭼﻚ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﺍﻱ ﻓﺎﻳﻞﻫﺎ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻱ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺩﻛﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﻛﻤﺔ ‪ Next‬ﺭﺍ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﻴﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺼـﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﺎﻣـﻞ ﻧﺼـﺐ ﮔـﺮﺩﺩ ﺳـﭙﺲ ﭘﻨﺠـﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ‪ Next‬ﺭﺍ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﻛﻤﺔ ‪ finish‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎ ﺯﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﻳﻨﺪﻭﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﺑﺨﻮﺩ ‪ restart‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ‪ CD‬ﺭﺍ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ )ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺯﺩﻥ ﺩﻛﻤﺔ ‪ Eject‬ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻮ ‪ CD‬ﻭ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ‪ CD‬ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻮ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑـﺎﺯ ﻛـﺮﺩﻥ ‪ CD‬ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ( ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺳﻮﻡ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲﺭﺳﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺑﺎﺯﺷﺪﻩ )ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻥ ‪ ( CD‬ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﺔ ‪ Quick time 5‬ﻛﻠﻴﻚ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻱ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ ﺩﻛﻤﺔ ‪ Next‬ﺭﺍ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ‪ Next‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺰﻧﻴﺪ ﺗﺎ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺩﻛﻤﺔ ‪ Agree‬ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻱ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲ ﺑﻴﻨﻴﻢ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺑﻮﺩﻳﺪ ‪ Next‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺰﻧﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺩﻛﻤﺔ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﻪ ﺩﻛﻤﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ﻛﺎﺩﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺠﺪﺩﹰﺍ ‪ Next‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺰﻧﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺰ ‪ Next‬ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ‪ Next‬ﺭﺍ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺳﺪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻱ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ‪ Next‬ﺭﺍ ﺯﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻣﺎ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻱ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ‪ Next‬ﺑﺰﻧﻴﺪ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﻛﻪ ‪ Next‬ﻛﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ﺭﺍ ‪ finish‬ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺗﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺳﻴﻢ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺗﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻭ ﻛﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻ ‪ Close‬ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﻭﻱ ﺻـﻔﺤﺔ ‪ Desktop‬ﺑﺒﻨﺪﻳـﺪ ﺑـﺮﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﻛﻤـﺔ ‪ Start‬ﻛﻠﻴـﻚ ﻛـﺮﺩﻩ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ‪ Programs‬ﺷـﻮﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨـﻮﻱ ‪ Cardio Vascular Medicine‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣـﺔ ‪Cardio‬‬
‫‪ Vascular CD‬ﺭﺍ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ ‪ internet explorer‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ‪ Address‬ﺧﻂ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎﻳﭗ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ‪ internet explorer‬ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪http://127.0.0.1:83/PCIndex.htm.‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪The Echo Manual (Second Edition) (Jae K. Oh, MD, James B. Seward, MD, A. Jamil Tajik MD‬‬
‫‪76.5‬‬
‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪The Netter Presenter Cardiovascular and Renal Edition‬‬
‫‪77.5‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪Images from the Netter Collection (NOVARTIS‬‬
‫)‪(John Michael Criley, M.D., Conrad Zalace, David Creley‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫‪78.5 The Physiological Orgins of HEART SOUNDS and MURMUS‬‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
‫‪33‬‬
‫‪Catalog of Lesions‬‬
‫‪yNormal‬‬
‫‪yValvar Lesions‬‬
‫‪yPericardial Disease‬‬
‫‪yCongenital Heart Disease‬‬
‫‪yCardiomyopathies‬‬
‫‪yMyxoma‬‬
‫‪Timing of Murmurs‬‬
‫‪ySystolic Murmurs‬‬
‫‪yDiastolic Murmurs‬‬
‫‪yContinuous Murmurs vs. “To and Fro” Murmurs‬‬
‫‪yFriction Rubs‬‬
‫‪Timing of Heart Sounds‬‬
‫‪yValve Closure Sounds and Splitting of Sounds‬‬
‫‪yOpening Sounds‬‬
‫‪yThird Sounds‬‬
‫‪yFourth sounds‬‬
‫‪yEjection Sounds‬‬
‫‪yMid-Systolic Clicks‬‬
‫‪General Tutorials:‬‬
‫‪yInspection and Palpation‬‬
‫‪yIntriduction to Auscultation‬‬
‫‪yEffect of Maneuvers and Perturbations‬‬
‫‪yHemoduction to Cardiac Imaging Modalities‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪79.5 Valvular Heart Disease (Third Edition) (Joseph S. Alpert, James E. Dalen, Shahbudin H. Rahimtoola‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)…‪80.5 Vascular Vision (A Liberating Approach to Vascular health Expert Opinions in Dyslipidaemia) (Professor Philip Barter, Dr. John Kastelein,‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪81.5 VJC Video Journal of Cardiology‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪(LAWRENCE S. COHEN, M.D, JOHN ELEFTERIADES, M.D.) (VCD‬‬
‫‪1. From a new perspective: mitral valve prolapse aortic dissections and aneurysms‬‬
‫‪2. Surgical and medical management of ascending and descending aortic dissections liporoten (A): a cardiovascular risk factor‬‬
‫)‪82.5 VJC Video Journal of Cardiology (Christopher White, M.D, Michael E. Cain, M.D., Bruce D. Lindsay, M.D., Herbert Geschwind, M.D.) (VCD‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻱ ‪CD‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ‪ VJC‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ‪ VCD‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ‪ 50‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻓـﻴﻠﻢ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭﻫـﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ‪ :‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‪christoher white :‬‬
‫‪1-Cold lege : The Approach to Acvte and progressive Peripheral Vascular Disease‬‬
‫ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ .‬ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﺳﻜﻮﭘﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻡ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ ‪ :‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ‪Michael E. Cain :‬‬
‫‪Urokinase‬‬
‫‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﺮﭘﺘﻮﻛﻴﻨﺎﺯ ‪ ،‬ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻱ ﻭ‪ ....‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪2- RADiofrgvency ablation : Ablation of AVNode reentry tachycardias‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻛﺎﺭﺩﻭﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‪ECG ،‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻴﺒﺮﻳﻼﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻠﻮﻙ ‪ AV‬ﻭ ‪ ...‬ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ‪ :‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‪Herbert Geschwind :‬‬
‫‪3- Laser Angioplasty for coronary Atherosclerotic Disease‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ‪ Pulser‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺝ ﺑﻬﻤﻴﻨﻪ ) ﻣﺎﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﻣﺎﺩﻭﻥ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ( ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺰﻳﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ‪ PTCA‬ﻭ ‪ ....‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪A guide to acronyms for cardiovascular trials‬‬
‫‪83.5 What's What‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻮ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ‪CD‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫)‪20 Common Problems Dermatology (Alan B. Fleischer, Steven R. Feldman‬‬
‫‪1.6‬‬
‫)‪American Cancer Society Atlas of Clinical Oncology Skin Cancer (Arthur J. Sober, MD, Frank G. Haluka, MD, phD) (Bc Decker Inc‬‬
‫‪2.6‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻧﻜﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻗﺮﻥ ‪ ٢١‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻳﻢ ﺷﺎﻳﻊﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺧﻼﻑ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺩﻳﺪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺣﺖﺗﺮ ﻗﺎﺑـﻞ ﺗﺸـﺨﻴﺺ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠـﻪ ﺩﺍﻧـﺶ ﺗﺸـﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣـﺎﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻧﮕﺎﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺔ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻤﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ‪ Skin cancer‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﭼﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﺟﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﻛﻤﻚﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ‪ text‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﭘﻴﺪﻣﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ‪ ٤‬ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ‪ Basic Concept :١‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﭘﻴﺪﻣﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‪ ،‬ﮊﻧﺘﻴﻚ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺧﻄﺮﺯﺍ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ‪ :٢‬ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻼﻧﻮﻡ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ (٤‬ﻭ ‪) BCE‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ (٥‬ﻭ ‪) Scc‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ (٦‬ﻟﻤﻔﻮﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ (٧‬ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﻨﮕﻨﺎﻧﺴﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﺎﻳﻊ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪) Merckle cell Carcinoma (٨:١‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ( ٨:٢‬ﻭ ﻛﺎﭘﻮﺳﻲ ﺳﺎﺭﻛﻮﻡ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ (٨:٣‬ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ‪ Management : ٣‬ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺑﻴﻮﭘﺴﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻼﻧﻮﻡ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ، (٩‬ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﻼﻧﻮﻡ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ،(١١‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻟﻤﻒﻧﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻮﭘﺴﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻤﻒﻧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻼﻧﻮﻡ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ adjuvant therapy ،(١١‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻼﻧﻮﻡ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ،(١٢‬ﺍﻳﻤﻮﻧـﻮﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻼﻧـﻮﻡ )ﻓﺼـﻞ ‪ (١٣‬ﻭ ﻛﻤـﻮﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺳـﻴﺘﻮﻛﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﻮﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻼﻧﻮﻡ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ (١٤‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻟﻤﻔﻮﻡ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ]‪) [MF‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ (١٧‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
‫‪34‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ‪ : ٤‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫)‪AQUAMIDE; Poly Acryl Amide Ged (an injectable gel for correction of soft Tissue Deficiencies‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪3.6‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ ‪ CD‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ‪ filler‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ‪ Cosmetic Surgery‬ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﮊﻝ ‪ Aquamide‬ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮊﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﭼﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﺯﻭﺑﻴﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﭼﻴﻦﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺸﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﻟﺐ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺁﺗﺮﻭﻓﻴﻚ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﻜﺎﺭ ﺁﺑﻠﻪﻣﺮﻏﺎﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺎﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﮔﻮﻧﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺧﻂ ﻟﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮﺋﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫)‪Atlas of Clinical Dermatology (Third Edition) (Anthony du Vivier‬‬
‫‪4.6‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫)‪ATLAS OF COSMETIC SURGERY (MICHAEL S. KAMINER, MD, JEFFREY S. DOVER, MD, FRCPC, KENNETH A. ARNDT, MD) (W.B. SAUNDERS COMPANY) (Salekan E-Book‬‬
‫ﺍﻃﻠﺲ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ‪ Dr. Kenneth. Arndt‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪) Dr. Leffell‬ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ‪ (Yale‬ﻣﻲﻧﻮﻳﺴﺪ‪"' :‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﻓﻮﻕﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻩ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺏ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣـﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻛـﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﺍﺷـﺎﺭﻩ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻳﻜﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﻳﻚ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Cosmetic‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪ Dr. Arndt .‬ﺳﺮﺩﺑﻴﺮ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ‪ Archives of Dermatology‬ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﹰﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ‪ ٢٠‬ﺳـﺎﻝ ﺍﺣﺎﻃـﺔ ﻭﺳـﻴﻌﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣـﻲﻫـﺎﻱ ‪ Cosmetic‬ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺷﻜﻴﻞﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺳﻬﻢ ﺑﺴﺰﺍﻳﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ" ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﻓﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻭ ﻣﺠﻼﺕ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ )ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ‪ Botox‬ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳـﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻛﻨـﻪ ﻛـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠـﻼﺕ‬
‫ﻼ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ( ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ‪ ، Botox‬ﻟﻴﺰﺭﺩﺭﻣـﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫‪ Archive‬ﻭ ‪ 2001 AAD‬ﻭ ‪ 2002‬ﭼﺎﭖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ( ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ‪) Harvard‬ﺑﺎ ‪ ١٣‬ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻭ‪ ١٢‬ﺍﻃﺎﻕ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻛﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
‫ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﻭ ‪ Scar management‬ﻭ ﺑﻠﻔﺎﺭﻭﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺫﻋﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﭼﺎﭖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻜﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ ﺑﻌﻀﹰﺎ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻲ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻛﻤﻚ ﺷﺎﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ Laser in Dermatology‬ﻣﺆﻟﻒ "‪ "Kenneth, Arndt‬ﺑﺰﻭﺩﻱ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪5.6‬‬
‫‪PART III‬‬
‫‪COSMETIC SURGERY PROCEDURES AND TECHNIQUES‬‬
‫‪10 Topical Skin Care‬‬
‫‪11 Lasers in the Treatment of Vascular Lesions‬‬
‫‪12 Lasers in the Treatment of Pigmented Lesions‬‬
‫‪13 Laser Hair Removal‬‬
‫‪14 Liposuction‬‬
‫‪15 Hair Transplantation‬‬
‫‪16 Soft Tissue Augmentation‬‬
‫‪17 Botulinum A Exotoxin Injections for Photoaging and Hyperhidrosis,‬‬
‫‪18 Chemical Peels‬‬
‫‪19 Lasers in Skin Resurfacing‬‬
‫‪20 Blepharoplasty‬‬
‫‪21 Surgical Rhytidectomy: Face Lifts and the Endoscopic Forehead Lift‬‬
‫‪22 Leg Vein Management: Sclerotherapy, Ambulatory Phlebectomy, and Laser Surgery‬‬
‫‪23 Scar Management: Keloid, Hypertrophic, Atrophic, and Acne Scars‬‬
‫‪PART I‬‬
‫‪EVALUATION OF THE COSMETIC SURGERY PATIENT‬‬
‫‪1 The History of Cosmetic Surgery‬‬
‫‪2 The History of Cosmetic Dermatologic Surgery‬‬
‫‪3 Evaluation of the Aging Face,‬‬
‫‪4 Photoaging: Mechanisms, Consequences, and Prevention‬‬
‫‪5 Beauty and Society‬‬
‫‪6 Psychosocial Issues and Their Relevance to the Cosmetic Surgery Patient‬‬
‫‪PART II‬‬
‫‪ANESTHESIA‬‬
‫‪7 Regional Anesthesia for Aesthetic Surgery‬‬
‫‪8 Office-Based Sedation and Monitoring‬‬
‫‪9 Postoperative Pain and Nausea Management‬‬
‫)‪(CD I , II‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪(SALEKAN E-BOOK‬‬
‫)‪Atlas of Dermatology (Jhon's Hopkins‬‬
‫‪6.6‬‬
‫ﻼ ﺟﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺯﻭﻟﻮﺷﻦ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻃﺒﻖ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎ ‪ Sort‬ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ٢٠٠٣‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ‪ Jhon's Hopkins‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻃﻠﺲ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ ٢٥٠٠‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻛﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
‫‪1999‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪2003‬‬
‫)‪Atlas of Dermatology (T.L.Diepgen, M. Simon, A. Bittorf, M. Fartasch, G. Schuler) (with the DOIA team G. Eysenbach, J. Bauer, A. Sager) (springer‬‬
‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﺔ ﺍﻃﻠﺲ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﺮﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ، ١٩٩٤‬ﻛﻪ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮﻱ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻧﻴﺘﺮﻧﺖ )‪ (www‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ‪ (DOIA) Dermatology online Atlas‬ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺘﻲ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ‪ ٣٠٠٠‬ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 600 DPI‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲﻫﺎ‪ Case report ،‬ﺻﻮﺗﻲ ﻭ ‪ ...‬ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻃﻠﺲ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ‪ Offline‬ﺍﺯ ‪ DOIA‬ﺗﻬﻴـﻪ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﻛـﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴـﺖ‬
‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪ online‬ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫)‪Atlas of Differential Diagnosis in DERMATOLOGY (Klaus F. Helm, M.D., James G. Marks, Jr., M.D.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺑﺮ ﺧﻼﻑ ﺍﻃﻠﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﻳﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻳـﻚ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻴﻲ ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻃﻠﺲ ‪ Problem-oriented‬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺭﺍﺵﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﺌﻮﭘﻼﺳﻢﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺑﻪ ‪ ١٦‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼـﻞ ﺍﺑﺘـﺮﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮﺭﻳﺘﻢ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪﺍﺱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻴﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪﺍﻱ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺗﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‪ ،‬ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ‪ Acrobat reader‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﺪﻳﺎ ) ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪ (animation‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ‪ CD‬ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ‪image gallery .CD‬‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ‪ quiz‬ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ‪ index incon‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮﻱ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻤﻚ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬
‫)‪Botulinum Toxin Aesthetic Indications (Mauricio de Maio, Segio Talarico, Benjamin Ascher, Nam Ho Kim South‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫‪7.6‬‬
‫‪8.6‬‬
‫‪9.6‬‬
‫)‪10.6 Clinical Dermatology ( A Color Guide To Diagnosis And Therapy) (Fourth Edition) (Thomas P. Habif‬‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
‫‪35‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪(Fitzpatrick, M.D. Richard Allen Johnson, M.D. Dick Suurmond, M.D‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪Common and Serious Diseases Thomas B.‬‬
‫‪11.6 Color Atlas and synopsis of Clinical Dermatology‬‬
‫)‪12.6 COLOR ATLAS OF CLINICAL DERMATOLOGY COMMON AND SERIOUS DISEASES (Salekan E-Book‬‬
‫)‪(Thomas B. Fitzpatrick, MD, Richard Allen Johnson, MD, Klaus Wolff, MD, Dick Suurmond, MD‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪13.6 Color Atlas of Cosmetic Oculofacial Surgery (William PD Chen, Jemshed A Khan, Clinton D McCord‬‬
‫‪nd‬‬
‫)‪14.6 Color Atlas of Dermatoscopy (2 , enlarged and completely revised edition) (Wilhelm stolz, Otto Braun-Falco‬‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫)‪15.6 Color Atlas of Dermatoxcopy 2nd, enlarged and completely revised edition (Wilhelm Stolz. Otto Braun-Falco) (Salekan E-Book‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫)‪16.6 Comprehensive Facial Rejuvenation (A Practical & Systematic Guide to Surgical Managemet of the Aging Face) (Edwin F. Williams III, Samuel M, Lam‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪17.6 Consult a Physician Before Beginning any new Exercise Program Rejenuve FACIAL MAGIC‬‬
‫)‪(Gynthia Rowland‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪18.6 Correction of Wrinkles & Augmentation of lip and cheek with Restylane & Perlane‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪19.6 Cosmetic Dermatology (Leslie Baumann, MD‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪20.6 COSMETIC LASER SURGERY‬‬
‫)‪(Natural beauty for as long as you like‬‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ‪ Skin filler‬ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﻓﻊ ﭼﻴﻦ ﻭ ﭼﺮﻭﻙﻫﺎﻱ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﮔﺎﺭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ‪ %١٠٠‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻴﺎﻧﻮﺭﻭﺗﻴﻚ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ‪ recombinant‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺳﻮﺋﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Restyalne , Restyane fine‬ﻭ‬
‫ﻼ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬
‫‪ perlane‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ )ﻇﺮﻳﻒ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﻴﻖ( ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭﻡ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ : VCD‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺑﺮ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻛﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .٢ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪ animation‬ﻋﻤﻖ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻡ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ .٣ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺑﻲﺣﺴﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .٣ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ‪ Reslane fine‬ﻭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .٤ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ‪ Restylana‬ﻭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .٥ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ‪ Perlane‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﻓﻊ ﭼﻴﻦﻫـﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﻘـﻲ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ ﻧﺎﺯﻭﺷـﻴﺎﻝ( ﻭ ‪ fonciel contouring‬ﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ )‪ Lip enhan cemenl‬ﻭ ‪ (cheek enhancmeat‬ﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ‪ oral Commisure‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .٦ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ .٧ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎ ‪ followup‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .٨ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫)‪PERFECT THE TECHIQUES, REDUCE THE RISKS, AND ENJOY THE RESULTS WHEN PERFORMING COSMETIC LASER SURGERY (Richard E. Fitzpatrick Mitchel P. Goldman‬‬
‫‪21.6 COSMETIC LASER SURGERY For Face and Body‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪(ALAN R. SHALITA, M.D., DAVID A. NORRIS, M.D‬‬
‫‪BASIC AND CLINICAL DERMATOLOGY‬‬
‫‪An Interdisciplinory Approach‬‬
‫‪22.6 Cosmetic Surgery‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﮔﺰﻳﻠﻮﻓﺎﺷﻴﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ ١٠٠٠‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪﺍﻱ‪ ،‬ﺁﺧـﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻴـﻚﻫـﺎﻱ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻧﻔﺮﺍﺩﻱ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻓﺼﻮﻟﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﺎﻥ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﺎﻥ ﻓﻚ ﻭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ Procedure‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻗﺪﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺪﻡ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫـﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣـﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿـﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺕ ‪ Pre-op‬ﻭ ‪ Post-op‬ﻭ ﻓـﺮﻡ ﺭﺿـﺎﻳﺖﻧﺎﻣـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫـﺮ ﻓﺼـﻞ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫـﺮ ﻓﺼـﻞ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳـﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﺍﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﺮ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﭼﻮﻥ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺠﺮﺏﺗﺮﻥ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻱ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻧﮕﺎﺭﺵ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻱ‬
‫ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺑﺎﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻳﻚ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٢‬ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻮﺭﺕﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺮ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ‬
‫‪ ٣‬ﺗﺎ ‪ Peel ٦‬ﺳﻄﺤﻲ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻘﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ‪ Peel‬ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ‪) total body peel‬ﮔﺮﺩﻥ‪ Chest .‬ﻭ ﺩﺳﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ( ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ٦‬ﻛﻤﭙﻠﻴﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼـﻮﻝ ‪ ٧‬ﻭ ‪ ٨‬ﻭ ‪ ٩‬ﻭ‬
‫‪ ٢٢‬ﻭ ‪ ٢٤‬ﻭ ‪ ٣٧‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ )‪ Er: YAG, Co2‬ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ ‪ tattoo‬ﻭ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﭘﻴﮕﻤﺎﻧﺘﻪ ‪ ( hair removal‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ٩‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Resurfacing‬ﺻـﺤﺒﺖ ﻧﻤـﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ١٠‬ﺑﻪ ‪ Dermabrasion‬ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ١١‬ﺍﻟﻲ ‪ ١٦‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺩﻓﻊ ﭼﻴﻦ ﻭ ﭼﺮﻭﻙﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ‪ Skin filler‬ﻫﺎ )‪ Restiylans‬ﻭ‪ ، inerrall , Perlane‬ﻛـﻼﮊﻥ ﻭ ‪ (....‬ﻭ ﺗﺰﺭﻳـﻖ ﭼﺮﺑـﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼـﻞ ‪ ١٥‬ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻـﹰﺎ ﺑـﻪ ﭼﮕـﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬
‫‪ Gortex‬ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ١٧‬ﺑﻪ ‪ BotulinumsToxin‬ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ١٨‬ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺧﺎﻝﻫﺎ‪ Cyst ،‬ﺍﺳﻜﺎﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ١٩‬ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧـﻮﺍﻉ ‪ flap‬ﻭ ‪ Graft‬ﻫـﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﺼـﻮﻝ ‪ ١٢‬ﻭ ‪ ١٣‬ﻭ ‪ ٢٥‬ﺑـﻪ ﻟﻴﭙﻮﺳﺎﻛﺸـﻦ ﻭ‬
‫ﻟﻴﭙﻮﺍﻧﻔﻮﺯﻳﻮﻥ ﻭ ‪ tumescent‬ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ‪ ٣٣‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ‪ procedure‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ‪ fac, Neck ٢٩-٣٢‬ﻭ ‪ lifling‬ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻠﻔﺎﺭﻭﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ‪ Brow Reyirvenation‬ﺁﺭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‬
‫ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ٣١‬ﺑﻠﻔﺎﺭﻭﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﭘﻠﻚ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺪ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﻟﻤﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ٢٧‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻲ ‪ D. Cook‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ‪ The cook weekend Altrnative to face lift‬ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ٣٤‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺷﺖ ﻣـﻮ‬
‫ﻭ ‪ Alopecia Redechion‬ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ٣٨‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﻜﺎﺳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻄﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ٣٩‬ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺸﻜﻞﺁﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻧﺎﺭﺍﺿـﻲ ﺍﺧﺘﺼـﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﺼـﻞ ‪ ٤٠‬ﻭ ‪ ٤١‬ﺍﺧﺘﺼـﺎﺹ ﺑـﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻤﭙﻼﻧﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺎﮔﺰﻳﻠﻮﻓﺎﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺩﻫﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪23.6 Cosmetic Surgery for FACE and BODY‬‬
‫)‪24.6 Cutaneous Laser Surgery (Second edition) The Art and Science of Selective Photothermolysis (Goldman, Fitzpartick‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ Cutaneous Laser Surgery‬ﭼﺎﭖ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ Cutaneus Laser‬ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ text‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﺔ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻟﻴـﺰﺭ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﻟﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ Cosmetic Laser Surgery‬ﻛﻤﻜﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺑﺮ ‪ Laser tissue interaction‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ‪ mini text book‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺩﺭﺧﺸﺎﻥ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ Wuond healing‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑـﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
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‫‪ Post procedural wound healing‬ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ٣‬ﻭ ‪ ٤‬ﻭ ‪ ٥‬ﻭ ‪ ٦‬ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻛﻤﭙﻠﻴﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻫﺎﻱ ‪ co2‬ﻭ ‪ Erbium:Yag‬ﺩﺭ ‪ resurfacing‬ﻭ ‪ Er:yag‬ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ ‪ chest‬ﻣـﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴـﺰﺭ‬
‫‪ carbon Dioxide ultrapulse‬ﻭ ‪ Er:yag‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﭼﺸﻢ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ‪ Nonablative Laser‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭼﻴﻦ ﻭ ﭼﺮﻭﻙ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﻴﺖ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻓﺮﻭﻥ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ incisional laser Surgery ٩‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺑﻠﻔﺎﺭﻭﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ١٠‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ Tinas.Alster‬ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ manual of cutaneous laser techniques‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﺩﺭ ‪ Scar revision‬ﺭﺍ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ١١‬ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻜﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ‪hair‬‬
‫‪] removal‬ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ[ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ‪ mtense light source‬ﺩﺭ ‪ hair transplant‬ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ‪ ١٢‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ‪ Co2‬ﻭ ‪ Er:yag‬ﺩﺭ ‪) hair transplant‬ﻛﺎﺷﺖ ﻣـﻮ(‬
‫ﺑﺤﺚ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ١٣‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ‪ Leg vein‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫)‪25.6 Cutaneous Medicine Cutaneous Manifestations of Systemic Disease (THOMAS T. PROVOST, MD, JOHN A.FLYNN, MD) (Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Baltimore, Maryland‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﺔ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﺁﺭﻡ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﺩﭘﺎﺭﺗﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺟﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﭘﻜﻴﻨﺰ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻧﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺿﻤﺎﺋﻢ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ ٧٨٢‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﺎ ‪٧٣‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻜﺘﺔ ﺑﺎﺭﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫـﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳـﺘﻲ ﻛـﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻏﻴﺮﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ Dr. Richard Dobson‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻠﺔ ‪ (AAD) American etcademy of Dermatology‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﺔ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺷﻴﻮﻉ ﺳﻴﻔﻴﻤﻴﺲ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﺑﻮﺗﺪﻩﺍﻧـﺪ ﺯﻳـﺮ ﺑـﻪ ﻗـﻮﻝ ‪Sir Willamosler‬‬
‫ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺘﻦ ﺳﻴﻔﻴﻤﻴﺲ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺘﻦ ﻋﻠﻢ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪Procedure‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ medical Dermatologist‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺗﻈـﺎﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﭘﻮﺳـﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻤـﺎﺭﻱ ‪ AIDS‬ﻭ ﭘﻴﺸـﺮﻓﺖ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺳﻴﺘﻮﻛﺴﻴﻦﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺁﻧﺘﻲﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻤﻮﻧﻮﺳﺎﭘﺮﺳﻴﻮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺧﺎﻟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫)‪26.6 Dermatology: A Multi-Media Teaching File (Disc 1,2) (Gross & Microscopic Symposium) (Mosby‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪27.6 Diagnosis & Management Anevidence-Based Approach‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫)‪(Robert T Brodell, Sandra Marchese Johnson‬‬
‫‪(Howard‬‬
‫‪I.‬‬
‫‪Maibach,‬‬
‫)‪MD, Sagib J. Bashir, BSc (Hons), MB, ChB, Ann McKibbon, BSc, MLS‬‬
‫‪EVIDENCE-BASED‬‬
‫‪DERMATOLOGY‬‬
‫‪28.6‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻋﻠﻢ ‪ (Evidence- Based Heatlth Care) EBMC‬ﺑﻨﺎ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ EBHC .‬ﭼﻬﺎﺭﭼﻮﺑﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﻭ ‪ ٥‬ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ‪ -٢‬ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻙ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ‪ -٣‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻙ ﺁﻳﺎ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮﻧﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻴﺮ ‪ -٤‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻙ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﻭﺷﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﻴﺪﺍﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭼﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻓﺮﺿﻴﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﻭ‪...‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻢ ‪ EBME‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻠﻲ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺘﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺯﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺸﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﺎﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪29.6 Facial Lifting by "APTOS" threads Clinic of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪30.6 Hair Removal with Intense Pulsed Laser (IPL‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫)ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ‪ -‬ﻣﺤﻞﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ‪ -‬ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎ( ‪ +‬ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻗﺖﮔﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺑﻌﻀﹰﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ‪ ،sharing‬ﻣﻮﺑﺮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺰ ﻭ ‪ ...‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦﺑﺮﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺍﺋﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺷـﺎﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻳـﻚ‬
‫ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﺋﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ‪ IPL‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻟﻴﺰﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ‪ Skin type‬ﺑﺎﻻ‪ Spot size ،‬ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻃـﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻣﺪﺕ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‪ Therapeatic window ،‬ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﺪﻱ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻔﺎﺭﺵ ﻛﻤﭙﺎﻧﻲ ‪ Ellipse‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ‪ ،IPL‬ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ‪ ،IPL‬ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ‪ IPL‬ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻛﻠﻴﭗ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮﺋﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻜﺲ ﻭ ‪ clip‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫)‪31.6 HAIR TRANSPLANTATION (The Art of Micrografting and Minigrafting) (Salekan E-Book‬‬
‫‪TECHNIQUE‬‬
‫‪PLANING AND PATIENT INSTRUCTUIONS‬‬
‫‪SPECIAL APPLICATIONS‬‬
‫‪PATIENT EVALUATION‬‬
‫‪REOPERATIVE SURGERY‬‬
‫‪ANATOMY AND PHYSILOGY OF HAIR‬‬
‫‪COMBINED FACE LIFT AND HAIR TRANSPLAYTATION‬‬
‫‪1999‬‬
‫)‪32.6 HANDBOOK OF ORAL DISEASE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT Cripian Scully (MARTIN DUNITZ‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫)‪33.6 Laser & Lights (Volume 1 & 2) (CD I, II) (Rejuvenation, Resurfacing, Hair Removal, Treatment of Ethnic Skin‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪34.6 Laser Hair Removal‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ ٤٢٠‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ ٤٠٠‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻳﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻃﻠـﺲ ﺑﻠﻜـﻪ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺟﻨﺒﺔ ﺍﺗﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺩﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ‪ symptom, sign‬ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﺭﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺩﻫﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻋﺼﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺩﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﺰﺍﻗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻟﺜﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻟﺐ ﻭ ﻛـﺎﻡ ﻭ ﺿـﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺩﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ‪ management ،Diagnosis ،Clinical feature ،Aetiology ،Sexmainly affected ،Agemainly affected ،incidence ،Defintion‬ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺑﺮ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻣﻮﻫﺎ )‪removal‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫)‪(David J. Goldman) (Martin Dunits‬‬
‫‪ (hair‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻣﻮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﮔﺬﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
‫‪37‬‬
‫ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ‪ hair removal‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﺔ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪:‬‬
‫‪5- Intense pulsed light‬‬
‫‪ND: YAG laser‬‬
‫‪3- Diode laser‬‬
‫‪4-‬‬
‫‪2- Normal mode alexandrite laser‬‬
‫‪1- Normal mode Ruby laser‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﻭ ﻃﺮﻕ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﺰﺭ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪﻓﺮﺩ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﺔ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻳﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺼﻮﻝ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺧﻮﺏ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺷﺎﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪35.6 MANUAL OF CHEMICAL PEELS Superficial and Medium Depth (Mark G. Rubin, MD‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪36.6 MANAGEMENT OF FACIAL LINES AND WRINKLES (ANDREW BLITZER, WILLIAM J. BINDER, J. BRIAN BOYD ALASTAIR CARRUTHERS) (SALEKAN E-BOOK‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ ٢٢‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺟﺎﻟﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻴﻦ ﻭ ﭼﺮﻭﻙﻫﺎ )‪ (Line 8 Wrinkle‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﻣﺠﺰﺍ ‪ exfoliants‬ﻳﺎ‬
‫‪ Superfical peel‬ﻣﺮﻃﻮﺏﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻮﮒﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Chemical ، Vitamins‬ﺑﺎﻓﻨﻮﻝ ﻭ ‪ ، TCA‬ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ‪ Peel‬ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ‪ Dermabrasion ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ‪ implant‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ‪ Dermal Allograft‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘـﺔ ﮔﺬﺍﺷـﺘﻦ ‪ GORTEX‬ﺗـﺰﺭﻱ ﻛـﻼﮊﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﭼﺮﺑﻲ‪ Directexcision ،‬ﭼﻴﻦ ﻭ ﭼﺮﻭﻙﻫﺎ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ‪ facelifting, endoscopic Browloft Skeletal frame‬ﺑﻠﻔﺎﺭﻭﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ‪ .‬ﻳﻚ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﻛﺴﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺗﻮﻟﻴﻨﻴﻮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻭ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺩﻳﮕـﺮ ﺑـﻪ ﻃﺮﻳﻘـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ‪ Botulinium Toxin‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﭼﻴﻦ ﻭ ﭼﺮﻭﻙﻫﺎ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ٢٠‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻭ ‪ Botulinumtoxin‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺸﻢ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ٢١‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻋﻜﺲ ﮔـﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤـﺎﺭ ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮﺍﻥ ﻳـﻚ ﺳـﻨﺪ‬
‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻭ ‪ Computer imaging‬ﺑﺎ ﺩﻭﺭﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪(Tinal‬‬
‫‪S.‬‬
‫‪Alster,‬‬
‫)‪M.D.‬‬
‫‪(SALEKAN‬‬
‫)‪E-BOOK‬‬
‫‪MANUAL‬‬
‫‪OF‬‬
‫‪CUTANEOUS‬‬
‫‪LASER‬‬
‫‪TECHNIQUES‬‬
‫‪(Second‬‬
‫)‪Edition‬‬
‫‪37.6‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ ١٢‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﺔ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺣﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ )‪ (Patient selection‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻱ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﺔ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻲ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ‪ edition‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫‪ erbium :YAG laser‬ﻭ ‪ Resurfacing‬ﺑﻠﻔﺎﺭﻭﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻭ ﻟﻴﻔﺘﮓ ﭘﻴﺸﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻭ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻫﺎﻱ‪ hair removal‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻫﺮ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫)‪38.6 Minor Surgery a text and atlas Fourth edition (John Stuart Brown‬‬
‫)‪Clifford M Lawrence Neil H Cox (Joseph L Jorizzo) (SALEKAN E-BOOK‬‬
‫)‪39.6 PHYSICAL SIGNS IN DERMATOLOGY (SECOND EDITION‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ ٧٠٠‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺭﻧﮕﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻭ ﺭﻧﮓ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑـﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨـﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ )ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺗﻮﺍﻳﻤﻮﻥ ﻭ ‪ ( ...‬ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻳﻚ ‪ approach‬ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ test‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻣﻤﺘﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻳﺮﺍﻳﺶ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ‪pitfalls‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻃﻠﺲ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﺎﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬
‫ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﺔ ‪ Dr. Joav Merick‬ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺁﻥ ﭼﻨﺎﻥ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺘﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪﻛﻪ ﮔﻮﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺍﻳﺴﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﺮ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺮﺷﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺨﺼﻴﺼﻴﻦ ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺝ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻗﻔﺴﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺟﺎﻱ ﺩﻫﺪ‪...‬‬
‫‪40.6 Practical MINOR SURGERY‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫)‪(Third Edition) (Antoinette F. Hood, Thedore H. Kwan, Martin C. Mihm, Jr., Thomas D. Horn, Bruce R. Smoller‬‬
‫‪7. Bonus Quizzes‬‬
‫‪6. Panniculus‬‬
‫‪4. Reticular Dermis‬‬
‫‪5. Appendages‬‬
‫‪41.6 Primer of Dermatopathology‬‬
‫‪3. Basement Membrane Zone, Oaoillary Dermis, and Superficial Vascular Plexus‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫)‪(Darrell S. Rigel, Robert A. Weiss‬‬
‫‪1. Introduction‬‬
‫‪2. Epidermis‬‬
‫‪42.6 Photoaging‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪Radiosurgical Treatment of Superficial Skin Lesions (S. Randolph Waldman, M.D.‬‬
‫‪43.6‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪Radiosurgical Vaporization of Dermatologic Lesions (Dr. Stephen Chiarello‬‬
‫‪44.6‬‬
‫)‪6. Basal Cell Carcinoma (Nasal Bridge‬‬
‫)‪5. Scar Revision (Nose‬‬
‫)‪4. Basel Cell Carcinoma (Nasal Tip‬‬
‫)‪3. Scar Revision (Back‬‬
‫‪11. Tonsillectomy‬‬
‫‪10. Rhinoplasty‬‬
‫‪9. Turbinate Shrinkage‬‬
‫‪8. Radiosurgery in ENT‬‬
‫‪12. Tympanoplasty‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪(SALEKAN E-BOOK‬‬
‫‪2- Keratosis Removal‬‬
‫‪1- Rhinophyma‬‬
‫)‪7. Scar Revision (Lower Forehead‬‬
‫‪Reconstructive Facial Plastic Surgery‬‬
‫‪45.6‬‬
‫)ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ‪ -‬ﻣﺤﻞﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ‪ -‬ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎ( ‪ +‬ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻗﺖﮔﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺑﻌﻀﹰﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ‪ ،sharing‬ﻣﻮﺑﺮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺰ ﻭ ‪ ...‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦﺑﺮﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺍﺋﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺷﺎﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﺋﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ‪ IPL‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻟﻴﺰﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ‪ Skin type‬ﺑﺎﻻ‪ Spot size ،‬ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‪ Therapeatic window ،‬ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻋﺎﺭﺿﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﺪﻱ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪38‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻔﺎﺭﺵ ﻛﻤﭙﺎﻧﻲ ‪ Ellipse‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ‪ ،IPL‬ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ‪ ،IPL‬ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ‪ IPL‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻛﻠﻴﭗ ﻭﻳـﺪﺋﻮﺋﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳـﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺤـﻮﻩ ﺩﺭﻣـﺎﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻜﺲ ﻭ ‪ clip‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪(Alfonso‬‬
‫‪Barrera,‬‬
‫)‪M.D.‬‬
‫‪REFINEMENT‬‬
‫‪IN‬‬
‫‪HAIR‬‬
‫‪TRANSPLANTATION:‬‬
‫‪Micro‬‬
‫‪and‬‬
‫‪minigraft‬‬
‫‪Megasession‬‬
‫‪46.6‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﻮ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﮔﺮﺍﻓﺖ )ﮔﺮﺍﻓﺖ ‪ ١-٢‬ﻣﻮ( ﻭ ﻣﻴﻨﻲﮔﺮﺍﻓﺖ )ﮔﺮﺍﻓﺖ ‪ ٣-٤‬ﻣﻮ( ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻃﺎﺳﻲ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺭﻳﺰﺵ ﻣﻮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻣﻮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﭘﺎﻳﻪﺍﻱ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺁﻣﻮﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﺪﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٢‬ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﺩﻣﻨﺪﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺭﻳﺰﺵ ﻣﻮ ﻭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﻓﺮﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺭﻳﺰ ﻣﻮ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٣‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﻮ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٤‬ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻗﺪﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺪﻡ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻜﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﻮ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ‪Case‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻃﺎﺳﻲ ﺳﺮ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﻴﻨﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﮔﺮﺍﻓﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٥‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﻮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ‪ face lifting‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪Case‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺒ ﹰ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٦‬ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﮔﺮﺍﻓﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻨﻲﮔﺮﺍﻓﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٧‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﮔﺮﺍﻓﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻴﻨﻲﮔﺮﺍﻓﺖ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻨﻬﺎﻥﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺳﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ‪ ،Scafp‬ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺧﻂ ﺭﻳﺶ ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ‪ ،face lift‬ﻛﺎﺷﺖ ﺍﺑﺮﻭ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﺶ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻟﭙﻮﺳﭙﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﮕﻲ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺷﺖ ﻣﮋﻩ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ٧‬ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪﺗـﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﺼـﻞ ﻛﺘـﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺍﺯ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﻮ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪(June‬‬
‫‪K.‬‬
‫‪Robinson,‬‬
‫‪C.‬‬
‫‪William‬‬
‫‪Hande,‬‬
‫‪Roberta‬‬
‫‪D.‬‬
‫‪Sengelmann,‬‬
‫‪Daniel‬‬
‫)‪M. Siegel) (CD I- VI‬‬
‫‪Surgery‬‬
‫‪of‬‬
‫‪the‬‬
‫‪Skin‬‬
‫‪Procedural‬‬
‫‪Dermatology‬‬
‫‪47.6‬‬
‫‪Clip 6‬‬
‫‪• Rejuvenation of the neck‬‬
‫‪using liposuciton and othe‬‬
‫‪technuques‬‬
‫‪• Nail surgery‬‬
‫‪• Legucer management‬‬
‫‪• Benign subcutaneous lesions:‬‬
‫‪cysts & lipomas‬‬
‫‪Clip 5‬‬
‫‪• Laser & light treatment of acquired‬‬
‫‪& congenital vascualr lesions‬‬
‫‪• Endovenous ablation techniques‬‬
‫‪with ambulatory phlebectomy for‬‬
‫‪varicose veins‬‬
‫‪• Minimum incision face lift‬‬
‫‪• Blepharoplasty & brow lift‬‬
‫‪Clip 4‬‬
‫‪• Chemical peels‬‬
‫‪• Cyhin Implants‬‬
‫‪• Use of Botulinum Toxin Type‬‬
‫‪A in facial rejuvenation‬‬
‫‪• Liposuction‬‬
‫‪• Autologous fat transfer:‬‬
‫‪evolving concepts & techniques‬‬
‫‪• Follicular unit hair‬‬
‫‪transplantation‬‬
‫& ‪• Microdermabrasion‬‬
‫‪dermabrasion‬‬
‫& ‪• Laser treatment of tattoos‬‬
‫‪pigmented lesions‬‬
‫‪• Laser Skin resurfacing: ablative‬‬
‫‪and non-ablative‬‬
‫‪Clip 3‬‬
‫•‬
‫•‬
‫•‬
‫‪Axial pattern flaps‬‬
‫‪Skin grafting‬‬
‫‪Regional reconstruction: trunk, extremities,‬‬
‫‪hands, feet, face (perioral, periorbital, cheek,‬‬
‫)‪nose, forehead, ear, neck & scalp‬‬
‫‪• Scal revision‬‬
‫‪• Soft tissu augmentation‬‬
‫‪Clip 2‬‬
‫‪• Layered closures, complex‬‬
‫‪closures with suspension sutures‬‬
‫‪& plication of SMAS‬‬
‫‪• Repair of the split earlobe, ear‬‬
‫‪piercing & earlobe reduction‬‬
‫‪• Random pattern cutaneous flaps‬‬
‫‪Clip 1‬‬
‫‪• Skin Structure and Surgical anatomy‬‬
‫‪• Anesthesia and analgesia‬‬
‫‪• Dressings & Postoperative Care‬‬
‫‪• Electrosurgery, electrocoagulation,‬‬
‫‪electrofulguration, electrosetion,‬‬
‫‪electrocautery‬‬
‫‪• Cryosurgery‬‬
‫‪• Skin Biopsy Techniques‬‬
‫‪• Suturing technique & other closure‬‬
‫‪materials‬‬
‫‪• Hemostasis‬‬
‫‪• Ellipse, ellipse variations & dos-ear‬‬
‫‪repairs‬‬
‫‪48.6 Skin Resurfacing‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪(William P. ColemanIII, Naomi Lawrence‬‬
‫)‪Skin Rejuvenation with skin filler (E.E.A. Derm‬‬
‫‪49.6‬‬
‫‪2003‬‬
‫)‪50.6 Techniques in Dematologic Surgery (Keyvan Nouri MD, Susana leal-Khouri MD‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪51.6 Textbook of Dermatology (Sixth Editions) (R.H. CHAMPION, J.L. BURTON, D.A.BURNS, S.M.BREATHNACH) (ROOK) (Software c Gention I.T. Consuliants Ltd.,) Version 1.2.0‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﺮﺍﻳﺶ ﺷﺸﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪ Rook‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ ٤‬ﺟﻠﺪ ﻭ ‪ ٣٦٨٣‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺮﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻓﺼﻞﻫﺎ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺼﻞﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺯﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ % ٢٥ -٣٠‬ﺭﻓﺮﺍﻧﺲﻫﺎ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪ CD‬ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﺁﻧﺴﺘﺰﻱ ﻭ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ‪ Juvederm‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮ ‪ ،CD‬ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺁﻧﺴﺘﺰﻱ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﻭﺩ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﭘﺮﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﭼﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﺯﻭﺑﻴـﺎﻝ ﺑـﺎ ‪ Juvederm30‬ﻭ ﺳـﭙﺲ ﺍﻓـﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺣﺠـﻢ ﻟـﺐ ﺑـﺎ ‪ Juvederm24‬ﻭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﭼﺮﻭﻙﻫﺎﻱ ﻇﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺎ ‪ Juvederm18‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ‪ CD‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ‪ Slide Conference‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺭﻓﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻭ ‪ Board certification‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫)‪52.6 Textbook of Dermatology (Rook's‬‬
‫)‪(Seven Edition) (Volume 1-4) (E-Book‬‬
‫)‪53.6 Textbook of Pediatric Dermatology (JOHN HARPER ARNOLD ORANJE NEIL PROSE) (VOLUME 1 , 2‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ‪ Pediatric dermatology‬ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻳﻚ ‪ Subspeciality‬ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻳﻚ ‪ encyclopedic text‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
‫ﻼ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻧﮕﺎﺭﺵ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ (RooK) text book of general dermatology‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ‪ 185‬ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ‪ board cerificaition‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﻧﮕﺎﺭﺵ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻛﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪﺓ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﭘﺮﻩﻧﺎﺗﺎﻝ ﺗﺎ ‪ adolescent‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ ‪ ٢٩‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺷﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ‪ Psoriasis‬ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺩﺭ ﮊﻧﺘﻴﻚ ﻣﻠﻜﻮﻟﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫـﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣـﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﮔﻨﭽﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺪﻣﻴﻚ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻟﭙﺮﻭﺯﻱ ﻭ ﻟﻴﺸﻤﺎﻧﻴﻮﺯ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﻣﻴﻚ ﺗﺮﭘﻮﻧﻮﻣﺎﺗﻮﺯ ﻭ ‪ ...‬ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ‪ ftrsthand knowledge‬ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨـﺶ ﻟﻴـﺰﺭ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﭘﻴﮕﻤﺎﻧﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Sedation‬ﻭ ﺑﻴﻬﻮﺷﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ Surgery‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ Surgery‬ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﺓ ﺟﺮﺍﺣـﻲ ﻣﺸـﺘﻤﻞ ﺑـﺮ ‪ tissue expansion‬ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ‪ ،graft‬ﻛﺸﺖ ﻛﺮﺍﺗﻴﻨﻮﺳﻴﺖﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻠﻮﺋﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﻜﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﮕﻲ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺔ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻃﻠﺲ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ‪ Pediatric dermatology‬ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘـﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﮋﺍﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﺎﻳﻊ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪The‬‬
‫‪Aging‬‬
‫‪Face‬‬
‫‪A‬‬
‫‪Systematic‬‬
‫‪Approach‬‬
‫‪(Calvin‬‬
‫‪M.‬‬
‫‪Johnson,‬‬
‫‪Jr.,‬‬
‫‪Ramsey‬‬
‫)‪Alsarraf‬‬
‫)‪(CD I , II‬‬
‫‪54.6‬‬
‫‪5. Closure‬‬
‫‪9. Closure‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫‪4. The Procerus and frontalis‬‬
‫‪7. Fat Removal‬‬
‫‪3. The Corrugator Muscles‬‬
‫‪5. Skin and Muscle‬‬
‫‪2. The Incision‬‬
‫‪3. Marking and Incision‬‬
‫‪y The Coronal Browlift: 1. Introduction‬‬
‫‪y Blepharoplasty:‬‬
‫‪1. Uooer Lids‬‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
39
2. Lower Lids
4. The Incision
6. Fant Removal
-The Deep Plane Facelift
-Marking and Incision
-Skin Elevation
-The Deep Plane
8. The Skin Pinch
-The Submental Region
-Resuspension
-Closure
55.6 Treatment of Skin Disease Comprehensive therapeutic Strategies (Mark G Lebwohl Warren R Heymann, John Berth-Jones, Ian Coulson) (SALEKAN E-BOOK) (MOSBY)
‫ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼـﻞ ﺍﺯ‬.‫ ﭼﻪ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺗﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﭘﺮﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‬.‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬management ‫ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ( ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ‬+ ‫ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬+ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻃﻠﺲ‬
:‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ )ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ( ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬
(specific investigations) ‫ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﭼﻪ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﺎﺕ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻜﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‬-٣ (‫ )ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭼﻪ ﻧﻜﺎﺗﻲ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﺷﻮﺩ‬management strategy‫ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﮊﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬-٢
‫ ﺧﻼﺻﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬-١
‫ ﻧﺎﻡﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ‬A-E ‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﺯ‬evidence-Based ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺖﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬.‫ ﺧﻂ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ( ﻧﻜﺘﺔ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺖﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ ﺧﻂ ﺩﻭﻡ‬،‫ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ )ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺧﻂ ﺍﻭﻝ‬-٤
‫ ﺳـﭙﺲ‬.‫( ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﻨـﺪ‬Clinical trial) ‫( ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ‬B) ‫( ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬double blind study) ‫( ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ‬A) ‫( ﻧﺎﻡﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ‬B) ‫( ﻭ ﺍﺳﭙﻴﺮﻭﻧﻮﺍﺭﻛﺘﻮﻥ‬A) ‫ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻛﻨﻪ ﺍﺗﺮﻭﮊﺳﻦﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻛﻲ‬.‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬
.‫ﻼ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﻣ ﹰ‬٢١٣ ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬.‫ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
56.6 USING BOTULINUM TOXINS COSMETICALLY
(Jean Carruthers, Alastair Carruthers)
2002
2003
Introduction
Horizontal Forehead Lines
Periorbitalarea Infraorbital Orbicularis Oculi
MID and Lower Face Perioal Rhytides
Brow Injections Brow Lift
Periorbitalarea Lateral Orbital Wrinkles
MID and Lower Face Perioral Rhytides
MID and Lower Face Nasalis
Cervical Injections Vertical Platysmal Bands
Acknowledgemetns
MID and Lower Face Mouthe Frown and Mentalis
Cervical Injections Horizontal Necklace Lines
‫ ﺍﺭﺗﻮﭘﺪﻱ‬-٧
CD ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
1.7
A New Generation in Cemented Hip Design (VCD) (Part I , II) (David S. Hungerford, Clayton R. Perry)
Segment I: Core Decomtpression
2.7
3.7
Segment II: Trauma Case Studies: Retrograde Femoral Nailing
2001
AO Image Collection AO Principles of fracture Management (T.P. Ruedi, W.M. Murphy)
AO International AO Teaching Series-LCP (Thomas P. Ruedi, Prof. Michael Wagner)
Foreword-Basics
Methods of osteosynthesis
AO Principles
Biomechanical Principles
Surgical techniques
4.7
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫ــــــ‬
LCP system
Description
Implants and instruments
Application
Indications
Operating techniques
LCP cases
Humerus
Forearm
Pelvis and acetabulum
Femur
Tibia
Periprosthetic
2002
Literature and studies
Related Literature
Study results
2001
AO Principles of Fracture Management (Thomas P. Ruedi, William M. Murphy) (CD I , II)
1- AO philosophy and Its basis
2- Decision making and planning
3- Reduction and fixation techniques
4- Specific fractures
5- General topics
6- Complications
5.7
Arthroscopic Surgery (Michael J. Strobel)
‫ــــــ‬
6.7
Artthrex Techniques Transfix ACL Reconstruction (Eugene M. Wolf, San Francisco.CA)
‫ــــــ‬
7.7
Atlas of ORTHOPAEDIC Surgery A multimedia Refefence (Kenneth J. Koval, Joseph D. Zuckerman) (Textbook & Videos)
2004
8.7
Atlas of Orthopaedics Surgery (Disk 1-6)
‫ــــــ‬
Disk 1: Condylar Plate Fixation in the Distal Femur, Malleolar Fracture Fixation, Malleolar Fracture Type B, Malleolar Fracture Type C, Tension Band Wiring on the Elbow
Femoral Neck Rfacture Large Cannulated System, Fracture of the Radius Shaft 3.5 LC-DCP, Screw Fixation and Plating
Disk 2: Techniques of Absolute Stability, Proximal Humerus Fracture, Reduction with Clamps, Posterior Wall Fracture, Posteror + Transverse Wall Fracture,
Undeamed Tibial Nail (UTN), Intraaticular Fracture of the Distal Humerus
Disk 3: Fracture of the Tibiaplateau, Tibia Fracture in Foarm LEG UTN, Reduction Techniq, The Undeamed Femoral Nail System, Dynamic Condylar Screw (DCS),
Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS), Pilon Tibial Fractures (Foamed Foot)
Disk 4: Application of Large Distractor, AO Asif External Fixator, PC-FIX Point Contact Fixator an Internal Biologicl, The Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN),
Bicondylar Fracture of Tibia Plateau, Minimal Invasive Plating of the Tibia
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
40
Disk 5: Direct and Indirect Reduction Techniques, Short Oblique Radius Fracture, Small External Fixator, Intraarticular Fracture Distal Radius, Distal Radius,
Open Reduction & Fractures of the Calcaneus, Postoperative Treatment, Internal Fixation of a Humeral Shaft Fracture
Disk 6: High Cinematography of a Butterfly Fracture, Posterior, Pelvic Fixations Symphysis Pubis & Pubic Rami, Pelvic Fixations, Anterior Plate Fixation 53028,
The Pelvic C-Clamp, Liss Less Invasive Stabilization System, LCP Locking Compression Plate
Body in Motion (Susan K. Hillman)
-Anatomy -Content -Everything -Anatomy Text -Surface Anatomy Videos -Muscle Aciton Videos
10.7 Bone Tumors (Howard D. Dorfman, Bogdan Czerniak)
9.7
2003
‫ــــــ‬
11.7 CCC (Core Curriculum in Primary Care) Orthopedics/Sport Medicine Section
1- Introduction
2- Orthopedic Procedures: A Rheumatology's Perspective
12.7 Click'X VenttoFix SynCage
13.7 Diel's Knee Injuries
3- Xercise and Aging A Prescripton for life
4- Foot and Ankle Problems Part Two
(J. Webb, O. Schwarzenbach J. Thalgott) (VCD) (AO ASIF OFFICIAL TAPE)
(Ligament & Cartilage, Structure, Function, Injury, and Repair)
‫ــــــ‬
(Second Edition)
‫ــــــ‬
14.7 Double Socket Technique ACL/PCL Reconstruction Using Bio-Interference Screw Fixation & Anterior Tibialis Allograft
(David Caborn)
15.7 FRACTURES IN ADULTS (ROCKWOOD AND GREEN'S)
1- General Principles
2- Upper Extremity
3- Spine
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
4- Lower Extremity
16.7 FRACTURES IN CHILDREN General Principlse Upper Extremity Spine Lower Extremity (ROCKWOOD AND WILKINS) (James H. Beaty, James R. Kasser)
‫ــــــ‬
17.7 FRACTURES OF THE PELVIS AND ACETABULUM (G.F. Zinghi, A. Briccoli, P.Bungaro)
‫ــــــ‬
(Salekan E-Book)
18.7 Gait Analysis an introduction (Third Edition) An interactive multi-media presentation produced using polygon software (Micheal W. Whittle)
‫ــــــ‬
19.7 Green's OperativeHand Surgery (Fifth Edition) (David P. Green, Robert N. Hotchkiss) (CD I , II)
2005
33.1 Imaging of Spinal Trauma in Children (Lawrence R. Kuhns, M.D.) (University of Michigan Medical Center)
Epidemiology
Measurements
Occipitocervical Injuries
Principles AND TECHNIQUES
Normal Spine Variants and Anatomy
Mechanisms and Patterns of Injury
Thoracic Spine Injuries
Special Views and Techniques
Experimental and Necropsy Data
Sacral Injuries
20.7 Semi-Tendinous & Gracilis ACL Reconstruction with Gio-Interference Screws
21.7 Surgical Exposures in ORTHOPAEDICS
ATLAS OF SPINAL INJURIES IN CHILDREN
Cervcal Spine
Lumbar Spine
Thoracic Spine
Sacrococcygeal Spine
Lumbar
(Champ L. Baker, M.D)
Interactive
orthopaedics and Sport
Medicine
‫ــــــ‬
The Anatomic Approach (Stanley Hoppenfeld, Piet Deboer)
22.7 Techniques for Performing Hip Arthroscopy (Joseph McCarthy, Boston, Massachusetts)
23.7
___
1. Interactive Spine
2. Interactive Hand
3. Interactive hand therapy
4. Interactive Hip
5. Interactive Shoulder
6. Interactive Knee
7. Sports Injuries The Knee
8. Interactive Food and Ankle
9. Interactve Skeleton
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
10. Interactive HAND Therapy Edition (Version 1.1) (J C Colditz, D A McG Routher, J M Harris)
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
41
24.7 Internal Fixation of a Humeral Shaft Fracture with the UHN
-Technical Information
-Operation
-Postoperative Concept
-Poat-op –X-ray control
- Poat-op treatment
35.1 Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Orthopedics and Sport Medicine (David W. Stoller)
MRI ‫ ﺗﻬﻴﺔ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬-١
‫ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻮﺳﻜﻮﻟﻮﺍﺳﻜﻠﺘﺎﻝ‬Echo-Planar ‫ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺳﺎﺯﻱ‬-٢
‫ ﺯﺍﻧﻮ‬-٣
‫ ﺁﺭﻧﺞ‬-٤
Kinematic MRI -٥
‫ــــــ‬
(P.M.Rommens, J. Blum)
MRI ‫ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺩﺭ‬-٦
‫ ﻋﻀﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﻔﺼﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺩﮊﻧﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻋﻀﺮﻭﻓﻲ‬MRI -٧
‫ ﻣﭻ ﭘﺎ ﻭ ﭘﺎ‬-٨
‫ ﻣﭻ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺳﺖ‬-٩
‫ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬-١٠
:‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻮﭘﺪﻱ ﻭ ﻃﺐ ﻭﺭﺯﺵ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬MRI ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ‬
‫ ﺳﻪﺑﻌﺪﻱ‬MRI ‫ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺑﺎﺯﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺟﻬﺖ‬-١١
(Hip) ‫ ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﺭﺍﻥ‬-١٢
‫ ﺷﺎﻧﻪ‬-١٣
(TMJ) ‫ ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺭﻭﻣﺎﻧﺪﻳﺒﻮﻻﺭ‬-١٤
‫ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ‬MRI ‫ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬-١٥
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ﺗﻮﻣﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮﻡ‬-١٦
‫ ﺁﺳﻴﺒﻬﺎﻱ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﻲ‬MRI -١٧
25.7 MASTER TECHNIQUES IN ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY RECONSTRUCTIVE KNEE SURGERY Southern California Center for Sports Medicine Long Beach, California (DOUGLAS W. JACKSON, M.D.)
‫ــــــ‬
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬CD ‫ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬serch ‫ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ‬TEXT ‫ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ebook ‫ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻮﻕﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
PART IV INTRAARTICULAR FRACTURES OF THE TIBIA AND PATELLA
Operating Room Environment
Arthroscopic Management of Intraarticular Tibial Fractures
Arthroscopically-Assisted Fixation of Patella Fractures
Open Reduction Internal Fixation of Intraarticular Fractures of the Tibia
PART I EXTENSOR MECHANISM PATELLOFEMORAL PROBLEMS
Arthroscopic Lateral Release of the Patella with Electrocautery Anteromedial Tibial Tubercle
Transfer Patellectomy
PART II MENISCUS SURGERY
PART V ARTICULAR CARTILAGE AND SYNOVIUM
Meniscus Repair: The Outside-In Technique
Meniscus Repair: The Inside-Out Technique
Meniscus Repair: The All-Inside Arthroscopic Technique
Arthroscopic Chondroplasty
Osteochondritis Dissecans
Arthroscopic Synovectomy
PART III LIGAMENT INJURIES AND INSTABILITY
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Arthroscope-Assisted Posterior Cruciate Ligament Repair/Reconstruction
Posterolateral Corner Collateral Ligament Reconstruction
Surgical Technique for Knee Dislocations
High Tibial Osteotomy in Knees with Associated Chronic Ligament Deficiencies
26.7 MATHYS ORTHOPAEDICS
(VCD) (Video-Atelier Othmar Keel AG)
-CCA - Straight Shaft -CCE -Vault Pan -CCB -Socket -CBC Stem -RM Cup
‫ــــــ‬
27.7 MATHYS-ORTHOPAEDICS HIP PROSTHESES (VCD)
‫ــــــ‬
1. Cemented Stem-CCA
2. Cemented Cup-CCB
3. Cementless Steam-CBC
4. Cementless Cup-RM Cup
28.7 OPERATIVE ORTHOPAEDICS
(CAMPBELL'S) (Tenth Edition) (Volume 1-4) (E-Book) (S. Terry Canale, MD)
Operative
Arthroscopy
(Third
Edition)
(John B. McGinty) (Lippincot, Williams & Wilkins)
29.7
Shoulder:
Arthroscopic Cuff Repair: -Mssive U-Shaped Tear: Subscapulais, Infraspinatus and Biceps (Stephen S. Burkhar, MD San Antonio, Texas)
-Partial: Repair of Oartial Articular Sufrace Rotator Cuff Tear (Stephen S. Burkhar, MD San Antonio, Texas), San Antonio, Texas
Slap Lesions:
-Arthroscopic Repair of the Slap Lesion (Stephen S. Burkhar, MD San Antonio, Texas)
Operative
Arthroscopy
(Third
Edition) (John B. McGinty) (Lippincot, Williams & Wilkins)
30.7
Hip: Southern Sport Medicine & Orthopaedic Center
Operative Hip Arthroscopy: -Dense Soft Tissue Envelope -Constrained Ball and Socket Anatomy
31.7 Operative Arthroscopy (Third Edition) (John B. McGinty) (Lippincot, Williams & Wilkins)
2003
2003
2003
-Thick Capsule, Limited Compliance
2003
Ankle: Ankle Arthroscopy (James Tasto M.D.)
- Ankle & Subtalar Arthroscopy
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
42
(Third Edition) (John B. McGinty) (Lippincot, Williams & Wilkins)
2003
Wrist: Wrist Arthroscopy (Robert Richards MD FRCSC)
-Portal Markings -Establishing the 3/4 Portal -Radiocarpal Arthroscopy
Carpal Tunnel Release
33.7 Operative Arthroscopy (Third Edition) (John B. McGinty) (Lippincot, Williams & Wilkins)
2003
32.7 Operative Arthroscopy
Knee (CD-1): Arthroscopic meniscal repair: -suture repair -implantable fixation
Knee (CD-2): -ACL -Complex articular surface injuries -Fractures -Patellofemoral
34.7 Operative Arthroscopy (SECOND EDITION) (John B. McGinty)
1- Basic Principles
2- The Knee
35.7 Operative Orthopaedics
3- The Shoulder
4- The Elbow
5- The Wrist
‫ــــــ‬
6- The Foot and Ankle
7- The Temporomandibular Joint
8- The Spine
9- The Hip
1999
(Ninth Edition) (CAMPBELL'S) (S. TERRY CANALE)
.‫ ﭼﺎﭖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬Serch ‫ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻛﻤﭙﻞ ﺍﺭﺗﻮﭘﺪﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ‬TEXT ‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
2003
36.7 OPERATIVE ORTHOPAEDICS (CAMPBELL'S)
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬CD ‫ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻛﻤﭙﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ‬TEXT ‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻤﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
Trochanteric osteotomy-hip revision
Reconstruction nailing femoral fracture
Anterior Cervical discectomy & fusion
Arthroscopic assisted ACL reconstruction
Chevron osteotomy hallux valgus
Screw fixation SCFE
Ligament balancing Knee arthroplasty
Intramedullary nailing forearm fracture
ORIF calconeal fracture
2002
37.7 ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY (Third Edition) (CHAPMAN)
- Surgical Principles and Techniques
- Sport Medicine
- Skeletal Disorders
- Fractures, Dislocations, Nonunions and Malunions
- Neoplastic, Infectious
- The Spine
38.7 PEDIATRIC ORTHOPAEDICS (Lovell and Winter's)
- The Hand
- Neurologic and Other
- Pediatric Disorders
(Fifth edition) (Salekan E-Book)
KYPHOSIS
THE UPPER LIMB
SPONDYLOLYSIS AND SPONDYLOLISTHESIS
DEVELOPMENTAL HIP DYSPLASIA AND DISLOCATION
THE CERVICAL SPINE
LEG LENGTH DISCREPANCY
SPORTS MEDICINE IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
LEGG-CALVE-PERTHES SYNDROME
THE FOOT
MANAGEMENT OF FRACTURES
39.7 PEDIATRIC Fractures & Dislocations
- The Foot
- Joint Reconstruction, Arthritis, and Arthroplasty
(Volume II)
SLIPPED CAPITAL FEMORAL EPIPHYSIS
DEVELOPMENTAL COXA VARA, TRANSIENT SYNOVITIS,
AND IDIOPATHIC CHONDROLYSIS OF THE HIP
THE LOWER EXTREMITY
THE LIMB-DEFICIENT CHILD
THE ROLE OF THE ORTHOPAEDICS IN CHILD ABUSE
(Lutz von laer, Former Director of trauma division basel pediatric hospital)
40.7 Photographic manual of Regional Orthopaedic and Neurological Tests
45.1 Radiology imaging Bank:
1. Section
2. History
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
(Ron Seymour)
Orthopeadic
3. Findings
4. Diagnosis
5. Images
2004
‫ــــ‬
.‫ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧـﺪ‬.‫ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻚ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‬.‫ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻮﭘﺪﻳﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻣﻲﺳﺎﺯﺩ‬٨٥٠ ‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ ﺩﺭ ﺿـﻤﻦ ﻳـﻚ‬.‫ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺩﻭ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨـﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻮﺿـﻮﺡ ﻧﺸـﺎﻥ ﻣـﻲﺩﻫﻨـﺪ ﺗﻮﺿـﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‬Test ‫ ﻫﺮ‬.‫ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ ﮔﺮﺩﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﻓﻮﻗﺎﻧﻲ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ ﻛﻤﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﺧﺘﻢ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
.‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹﺗﺮ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬.‫ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲﺳﺎﺯﺩ‬Sensitivity/Relialility Scale
41.7 Podiatric Medicine and Surgery (Stephen Kriss, Alan Sherman, Harold W. Vogler, Trevor Prior)
42.7 Practical Otrhopaedic Medicene (Brain Corrigan, G.D,. Maitland)
43.7 Prosthetics & Orthotics Lower Limb & spinal
2001
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
6. Classification
7. Imagenumber
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
43
44.7
Range of Motion-AO Neutral-O Method
45.7 Shoulder Arthroscopy
46.7
‫ــــــ‬
(DR. L. Lafosse Annecy)
SPINE (VCD 1-A) (J. o' Dowd, P. Moulin, E. Morscher P. Moutin, J. Webb, M. Aebi)
‫ــــــ‬
Pedicie Identification (Conultant: J. O'Dowd)
Cervical Spine Locking Plate: Corporectomy C6 (P. Moulin)
CS-Titanium Locking Plate (E. Morscher P.Moutin)
Cervical Spine Locking Plate (P. Moulin)
Cervical Spine Locking Plate
Vertebrectomy C6 (J. Webb, M. Aebi)
Posterior Cervical Plate Fixation ( C2-T1) ( j.wEBB, M.Aebi)
Posterior Plating Technique
C6 to T1 (J. Webb, M.Aebi)
47.7 SPINE (VCD 1-B) (M. Aebi, J. Webb, Ghr. Ulrich, J. Nothwang, B. Jeanneret, M. Aebi J. Webb, J. Webb, M. Aebi P. Bryne)
AnteriorFixation of the Dens with Cannulated Screws ( M. Aebi, J. Webb Ghr. Ulrich, J. Nothwang)
Cervix: Fixation C3-C7 in Presenceb of a Laminectomy ( B. Jeanneret)
U.S.S: Lumbar Degenrrative Scotiosis Side-Opening Pedicte Screws (M.Aebi J.Webb)
U.S.S: Lumbosacral Stabilisation: Back-Opening Pedicte Screws (M. Aebi J. Webb)
USS: Lumbosacral Fusion Sacral Implants (J. Webb M.Aebi P.Bryne)
48.7 SPINE (VCD 1-C) (J. Webb, M. Aebi, G.Wisner, J. Webb M. Aebi, J. Webb M. Aebi, J. O'Dowd)
USS: Lumbosacral Stabilisation Side Opening Pedicle Screws
(J.Webb, M.Aebi, G. Winsner)
Universal Spine System Thoraco - Lumbar
Fractures (J. Webb M. Aebi)
‫ــــــ‬
Universal Spine
System:
Right Thoracic Scoliosis: Side Opening hooks & Screws
(J.Webb, M.Aebi, J.O'Dowd)
49.7 SPINE (VCD 1-D) (J. Webb, O. Schwarzenbach, J. Thalgott & J. Webb, J. Webb)
Click'X (J.Webb)
‫ــــــ‬
The Snterior Rod System (J.Thalgott & J.Webb)
50.7 SPINE implants
‫ــــــ‬
Contact Fusion Cage (J.Webb)
(CD I , II)
‫ــــ‬
.‫ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻪﻛﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺰﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻬﺮﻩ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﻲ ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺰﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺎﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﺟﺴﻢ ﻣﻬﺮﻩ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬CD ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬: CD I
.‫ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﻬﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻤﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻜﻮﺍﻧﻴﻮﺭ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬Diapasone-hook ‫ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ‬CD ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬: CD II
1999
51.7 Surgery of the Foot and Ankle (Michael J. Coughlin, Roger A. Mann)
Volume One:
1. General Considerations
2. The forefoot
Volume Two:
1. Miscellaneous Disorders
52.7 Surgery of the Knee
3. Postural Disorders
2. Sports Medicine
3. Pediatrics
4. Neurologic Disorders
5. Arthritic Conditions
4. Trauma
2001
(Third Edition) (John N. Insall, W. Norman Scott)
1- VIDEO
2- PHOTOS
3- ILLUSTRATIONS
- Anatomy
-Anatomical Aberrations
4- 3D KNEE
-Biomechanics
-Imaging
5-IMAGING
-Surgical Approaches
53.7 The Adult Hip On CD
‫ــــــ‬
54.7 The Shoulder (2
‫ــــــ‬
nd
Edition) (Rockwood and Matsen)
1- Disorders of the Acromiocavicular Joint
2- Disorders of the Sternoclavicular Joint
55.7 The Unreamed Femoral Nail System
( R Texhammar,
‫ــــــ‬
AO/ASIF VCD (CD 1-10)
‫ــــــ‬
P Holzach)
AO/ASIF Instrumentation Care and Maintenance
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
4- Glenohumeral Arthritis and Its Management
(N. Sudkamp P. Duwelius)
56.7 Video Collection Labor for Experimental Orthopaedics Surgery
VCD 1-A
3- Glenohumeral Instability
PreOperative Preparation of the Patient
Approaches to the Femur, Pelvis Knee and Elbow
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
44
VCD 1-B
(P Matter M.D., S.M. Perren, B Noesberger)
Approach to the Proximal Femur and Elbow
After-Care Following Lower Leg Surgery
Dynamic Compression Unit
Approaches to the Upper Limb
Reduction Techniques
DCP 4.5 Compression Tibial Shaft
VCD 1-C (B Noesberger, J.Stadler, P. Holzach, Th. Ruedi)
DCP 4.5 Butterss Tibial Plateau
LC-DCP 4.5 for the Distal Tbia
DCP 3.5 Radius Shaft 3.5 LC-DCP
DCP 4.5 Neutralization Plate of a Spiral Fracture
Fracture of the Radius Shaft 3.5 LC-DCP with Shaft screws
VCD 2-A (S.M. Perren, K.M. Pfeiffer M.D.)
. Correctional Osteotomy (dist. Radius)
. Basic Lag Screw Techniques . Internal Fixation of a Closed Butterfly Fracture of Right Tibia (Operation Video)
VCD 2-B (Th. Ruedi, J. Mast M.D., P.E Ochsner)
Fracture of the Lateral Tibiaplateau
Pilon Fracture
Indirect Reduction and Plate Fixation of a Pilon Fracture
Malleolar fracture Type A
Malleolar Fracture Type B
Malleolar Fracture Type C
VCD 2-C (T.Ruedi, P.Holzach, Th. Ruedi M. Schuler, P. Hozach, P Regazzoni, Th. Ruedi M.D.)
Proximal Humerus Fracture
Distal Humerus Fracture Type C 1.3
VCD 3-A
Tension Band Wiring of the Elbow
Dynamic Hip Screw
Intaarticular Type C Fracture of the Distal Humerus
Dynamic Condylar Screw (DCS) Proximal Femur
Condylar Plate Fixation in the Distal Femur
(R. Ganz R.P. Jakob P.Koch, Th Ruedi M.D., P.Regazzoni)
Condylar Plate Proximal Femur
Large Cannulated Screw System
AO/ASIF External Fixator
VCD 3-B
Small External Fixator
Distractor Handling
Consultant Seija Pearson
VCD 3-C
Using the Small Air Drill
Compact Air Drive Basic Operating Procedure & Working with attachments
Intramedullary Nailing with the AO/ASIF Universal Femoral Nail
(R. Frigg, D. Hontzsch, Th. Ruedi)
The Interlocking of the Universal Femoral Intramedullary Nail
Opening Procedure of the Tibial Cavity for Intramedullary Nailing
The Universal Tibial Nail
VCD4
AO Universal Femoral Nail With Distractor
Intramedullary Nailing of the Tibia
Intramedullary Nailing of the Tibia with a Pseudarthrosis
Mid-Shaft Tibial Fracture Locked Universal Nail
(R. Frigg, Ch. Krettek)
UTN Unreamed Tibial Nail
Distal Aiming Device for UTN
‫ ﭼﺸﻢﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬-٨
CD ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
3.8
4.8
5.8
6.8
7.8
BASIC AND CLINICAL
SCIENCE COURSE
2.8
AMERICAN ACADEMY OF
OPHTHALMOLOGY
1.8
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
Section 1:
Update on General Medicine
2004-2005
Section 2:
Fundamentals and Principles of Ophthalmology
2004-2005
Section 3:
Optics, Refraction, and Contact Lenses
2004-2005
Section 4:
Ophthalmic Pathology and Intraocular Tumors
2004-2005
Section 5:
Neuro-Ophthalmolog
2004-2005
Section 6:
Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
2004-2005
Section 7:
Orbit, Eyelids, and Lacrimal System
2004-2005
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪45‬‬
‫‪2004-2005‬‬
‫‪External Disease and Cornea‬‬
‫‪Section 8:‬‬
‫‪8.8‬‬
‫‪2004-2005‬‬
‫‪Intraocular Inflammation and Uveitis‬‬
‫‪Section 9:‬‬
‫‪9.8‬‬
‫‪2004-2005‬‬
‫‪Glaucoma‬‬
‫‪Section 10:‬‬
‫‪10.8‬‬
‫‪2004-2005‬‬
‫‪Lens and Cataract‬‬
‫‪Section 11:‬‬
‫‪11.8‬‬
‫‪2004-2005‬‬
‫‪Retina and Vitreous‬‬
‫‪Section 12:‬‬
‫‪12.8‬‬
‫‪2004-2005‬‬
‫‪International Ophthalmology‬‬
‫‪Section 13:‬‬
‫‪13.8‬‬
‫‪2004-2005‬‬
‫‪Refractive Surgery‬‬
‫‪Section 14:‬‬
‫‪14.8‬‬
‫‪2004-2005‬‬
‫‪Master INDEX‬‬
‫‪INDEX‬‬
‫‪15.8‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪(T.A. Casey, K.W. Sharif‬‬
‫‪16.8 A Color Atlas of CORNEAL DYSTROPHIES & DEGENERATIONS‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪17.8 A Color Atlas of UVEITIS (J. Michelson) (Second Edition‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪18.8 A Practical Guide to Minimal Surgery for Retinal Detachment (Ingrid Kreissig‬‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫)‪19.8 Atlas of Clinical Oncology Tumors of the Eye and Ocular Adnexa (American Cancer Society) (Devron H. Char, MD‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪4- ORBITAL TUMORS‬‬
‫‪3- RETINAL AND OPTIC NERVEHEAD TUMORS‬‬
‫‪2- UVEAL AND INTRAOCULAR TUMORS‬‬
‫‪1- LID AND CONJUNCTIVAL TUMORS‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪20.8 ATLAS OF OPHTALMOLOGY (RICHARD K. PARRISG II) (CD I , II) (Mosby‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪21.8 ATLAS OF OPHTHALOMOLGY (SUE FORDRONALD MARSH) (Mosby‬‬
‫‪2003‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻃﻠﺲ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﺷﺎﺧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﻠﻢ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﹰﺎ ﭼﺸﻢﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻛﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺔ ﻛﺘﺐ ‪ text‬ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻫﻲ ﺍﻃﻠﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﺋﻲ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪CD .‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺫﻳﻞ ﻛـﻪ ﺣـﺎﻭﻱ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮﺗـﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪﺷـﺪﻩﺗـﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻃﻠﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﭼﺸﻢﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻨﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻛﺎﺳﺘﻪﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﻲﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ‪ Search‬ﻭ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮﻱ ‪ Case‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻃﻠﺲﻫﺎ ﭼﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‬
‫ﻭ ﻳﺎﺩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ‪ Practice‬ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ‪Case‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﹰﺎ ﻧﺎﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻚ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻛﻤﻚﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫)‪22.8 Basic and Clinical Science Course Retina and Vitreous (Section 12) (American Academy of Ophthalmology) (SALEKAN E-BOOK‬‬
‫‪23.8 Basic Ophthalmology‬‬
‫‪Physiology of the Eye‬‬
‫)‪24.8 OPHTHALMOLOGY (Myron Yanoff.Jay S. Duker) (Mosby‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD ٣‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﭼﺸﻢ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﺋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﻋﻴﻮﺏ ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﭼﺸﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺭﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﻳﺪﻥ ﺍﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺷﻤﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﺯﻳﺒـﺎ ﻭ ﻧﻴـﺰ ‪25.8‬‬
‫ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭼﺸﻤﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪CD‬ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﺘﺮﻡ ﭼﺸﻢﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺧﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻄﻒ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‬
‫)‪Cataract Surgery & Intraocular Lenses (Second Edition) (Jerry G. Ford, Carol L. Karp‬‬
‫‪Clinical update course on Retina‬‬
‫‪26.8‬‬
‫‪27.8‬‬
‫‪ CD‬ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻱ ‪CD‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ‪ (Lifelong education for the ophthalmologist) LEO‬ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻛﺎﺩﻣﻲ ﭼﺸﻢﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ )‪ (AAO‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ‪ Lecture ١٥‬ﻭ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺘـﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣـﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻴﻠـﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻴـﺮﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﺭﺗﻴﻦ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻄﺮﺡﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ‪ endophthalmitis ،macular hole ،BRVO ،DR ،AMD‬ﻭ ‪ ...‬ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪28.8 Clinical Update Course on Neuro-ophthalmology (Peter J. Savino, MD, Steven E. Feldon. MD, Barrett Katz, MD, Thmas L. Slamovits, MD‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﻮﻡ ﻭ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ‪ Lecture ٩‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩﺍﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺐﻧﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠـﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺣـﺚ ﻣﻬـﻢ ﺁﻣـﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻣـﻲﺗـﻮﺍﻥ ﺑـﻪ‬
‫‪ LTP ،Perimetry‬ﻭ ‪ CPC‬ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫)‪29.8 Clinical Orthptics (Second Edition) (SALEKAN E-BOOK‬‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
46
30.8 Clinical Pathways in Bitreoretinal Disease
___
(Scott M. Steidl, Mary Elizabeth Hartnett)
2004
31.8 Clinical Practice in Small Incision Cataract Surgery (Phaco Manual) (VCD I , II)
32.8 Complications in Phacoemulsification
‫ــــ‬
(SALEKAN E-BOOK)
‫ ﺍﺷـﻜﺎﻝ ﺷـﻤﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻭ‬.‫ ﺷﻴﻮﺓ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﭘـﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‬،‫ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬، Phaco ‫ … ﺗﻤﺎﻣﹰﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻜﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‬, H. Gimbel ، H. Fine ‫ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﻦﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬phacosurgen ‫ﺑﻪ ﻗﻠﻢ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﻤﻚﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻲﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬management ‫ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻙ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺴﻢ ﻭ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ‬
33.8 CONTACT LENS COMPLICATIONS Efron Grading Morphs For the clinical assessment of contact lens complications (NATHAN EFRON, PHILIP MORGAN)
papillary ، epithelial microcystes ،epithelial polymegethism ‫ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺿﻲ ﭼﻮﻥ‬Grading ‫ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﻟﻨﺰﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻤﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺮ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺒﺎ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺎﺩﻣﺎﻧﺪﻧﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﻜﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﻣﻴﺴﺮ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‬... ‫ ﻭ‬conjunctivitis
1999
34.8
‫ــــــ‬
Cosmetic Blepharolasty & Facial Rejuvenation (Stephen L. Bosniak, M.D.,)
35.8 Dodick Laser Photolysis (Ultra Small Incision Cataract Surgery) (Jack M. Dodik)
‫ــــ‬
Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery Surgical Cases Provided by Photolysis System Manufacturer
36.8 Diabetes And The Eye
(Hamish MA Towler, Julian A Patterson, Susan Lightman) Department of Clinical Ophthalmology Institute of Ophthalmology University College London
‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬.‫ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬text ‫ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺮﻩ ﻟﻴﺰﺭﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻋﻜﺲ ﻭ‬Fluorescein angiography ‫ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﻣﻦﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬،‫ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬.‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬diabetic retinopathy ‫ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﺔ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬Seff-test ‫ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ‬CD
37.8 Diagnosing & Treating Computer-Related Vision Problems
__
(Sheedy, Shaw-McMinn)
2000
38.8 DICTIONARY OF VISUAL SCIENCE AND RELATED CLINICAL TERMS (Henry W. Hofstetter, John R. Griffin, Morris S. Berman, Ronald W. Everson)
‫ــــ‬
39.8 Diseas of the Orbit A multimedia Approach (second Edition)
2004
40.8 Duane’s Ophthalmology (Foundations of clinical Ophthalmology) (LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN)
41.8 Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) Advantages and Indications
42.8 EENT
(David I. Silbert, MD FAAP)
(CD I , II)
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
Welch Allyn Institute of Interactive Learning
43.8 European Society of Cataract & Refractive Surgeons
2000
ROME
2005
9th ESCRS Winter Refractive Surgery Meeting
44.8 Endoscopic Laser Assisted Lacrimal Surgery (Russel S. Gonnering, MD) (VCD)
‫ــــ‬
.‫ ﻓﻮﺍﻳﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻤﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺷﻜﻲ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ‬VCD ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﺑﺤﺚﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻧﮕﻴﺨﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺎﻥ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬endoscopic laser ‫ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻻﻛﺮﻳﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﹰﺎ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬
45.8 Enucleation Techniques With MEDPOR Orbital Implant
MCP Placement in a Vascularized MEDPOR Implant (VCD) (Charles N. S. Soparker, Peter A. D.)
Natural Movement For Artificial Eyes With MEDPOR Biomaterial Orbit Implants ans the MEDPOR MPC Motility Coupling Post (VCD) (POREX)
46.8 Orbital Floor reconstruction using MEDPOR surgical implants
‫ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬـﺎﺏ ﺑـﻪ‬
MEDPOR
‫ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑـﻪ ﻃﺮﻳﻘـﺔ ﻛﺎﺷـﺖ ﺍﻳﻤﭙﻼﻧـﺖ‬، enucleation ‫ﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎﻱ‬
CD
٢ . ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻤﻲ ﺍﺭﺑﻴﺖ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‬
MEDPOR
‫ﻓﻮﻕ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋ ﺎﹰ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﺷﺖ ﺍﻳﻤﭙﻼﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ‬
VCD
‫ــــ‬
٣
47.8 MEDPOR Surgical implant ‫ ﺳﻮﻡ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺩﻓﻜﺖ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻒ ﺍﺭﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ‬CD ‫ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﺪ ﺩﺭ‬Motility ‫ ﻣﻲ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ ﻭ‬MCP ‫ ﻭ‬implant ‫ ﺁﻥ ﻭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺰ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬drilling
. ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
48.8 Essentials of Ophthalmic Lens Finishing
(Clifford W. Brooks)
16.2 Facial Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery
‫ــــــ‬
(Terence M. Davidson, MD) (VCD I , II)
49.8 FUNDAMENTALS OF CORMEAL TOPOGRAPHY
‫ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳﻴﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻭ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻗﺮﻧﻴﻪ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ‬artefact ،‫ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬،‫ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻗﺮﻧﻴﻪ‬،‫ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ‬.‫ ﺟﻤﻌﹰﺎ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﭘﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻗﺮﻧﻴﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻨﺪ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
47
.‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬OSCE ‫ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻜﻲ ﺁﻥ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬CD ‫ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ‬.‫ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩﺍﻱ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
50.8 Glaucoma Basic and Clinical Science Course (Section 10)
2003
(Salekan E-Book)
2000
51.8 Hereditary Retinal Dystrophies (Ulrich Kellner, Markus Ladewing, Christoph Heinrich)
52.8
Highlights of the XVIIth Congress of the ESCRS VIENNA'99
1. Intrastromal Corneal Rings
2. Multifocal IOLs
3. Cataract Technidues
53.8 Illustrated Tutorials Clinical Ophthalmology
(EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF CATARACT & REFRACTIVE SURGEONS)
4. LASIK: Muopia & Mixed Astigmatism
‫ــــ‬
5. Phakic IOLs
(Jack J Kansski, Anne Bolton)
‫ــــ‬
54.8 Implantation of AcryFlex Foldable Lens (Surgery Performed by Dr. Jagdeep M Kakadla) (VCD)
‫ــــ‬
55.8 IMPLANTE MEDPOR MANDIBULAR (VCD), (AJL OPHTHALMIC, S.A.)
‫ــــ‬
Highlights of the ASCRS 1995 Annual Meeting
57.8
Highlights of the ASCRS 1996 Annual Meeting
58.8
59.8
60.8
61.8
62.8
63.8
64.8
Cataract & Refractive Sugery
56.8
‫ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪﺗـﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺳـﺎﺗﻴﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ‬Cataract & refractive Surgury ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺏ‬Lecture ‫ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﺎﻭﻱ ﺩﻫﻬﺎ‬CD
‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﻛﻤـﻚ‬... ‫ ﻭ‬Robert J. Cionni ، Roger F. Steinert، ouglas D. Koch ، I.Howard Fine
‫ ﺁﺧــﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻴــﻚﻫــﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣــﻲ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﺭﺍﻛــﺖ ﺑــﺮﻭﺵ‬،‫ﻓــﻴﻠﻢ ﺟﺮﺍﺣــﻲﻫــﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺠــﺎﻡﺷــﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳــﻂ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﺩﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻱ‬CD ‫ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬.‫ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬PRK ‫ ﻭ‬LASIK ‫ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻛﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭﻓﺮﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬Phacoemulsification
‫ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺯﺩﺭﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ‬LASIK ‫ ﻭ‬Phaco ‫ ﭼﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬،‫ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺔ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺎﻩ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺍﺭﺯﺷﻤﻨﺪﻱ‬
.‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
Highlights of the ASCRS 1997 Annual Meeting
Highlights of the ASCRS 1998 Annual Meeting
Highlights of the ASCRS 1999 Annual Meeting
Highlights of the ASCRS 2000 Annual Meeting
Highlights of the ASCRS 2001 Annual Meeting
Highlights of the ASCRS 2003 Annual Meeting
Highlights of the ASCRS 2005 Annual Meeting
65.8 IMPROVING SUCCESS IN FILTRATION SURGERY American Academy of Ophthalmology (BRADFORD J. SHINGLETON)
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓـﻲ ﺩﻭ ﺷـﻴﻮﺓ ﺟﺪﻳـﺪ ﺩﺭﻣـﺎﻥ ﺟﺮﺍﺣـﻲ‬CD ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻬﻴﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬Filstratioh Surgery ‫ ﻳﻚ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‬Viscocanalostomy ‫ ﻭ‬Deep Sclerectomy ‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﻮﻣﻲ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬
2000
th
66.8 Incomitant Deviatons (4 edition) a supplement chapter 17 of Pickwell's Binocular Vision Anomalies
‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ‬... ‫ ﻭ‬Brown's ، Duane's ‫ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡﻫﺎﻱ‬rectus ‫ﻭ‬
67.8 Intraocular Inflammation and Uveitis
(Section 9)
oblique ‫ ﻛﻢﻛﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻓﻠﺞ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ‬،‫ ﻣﻦﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﭘﺮﻛﺎﺭﻱ‬Comitant ‫ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﺍﻱ ﻛﻢﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻙ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻴﻖﺗﺮ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻧﺤﺮﺍﻓﺎﺕ ﭼﺸﻤﻲ‬CD
‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‬Case ‫ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ‬،‫ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬،‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ‬
2003
(SALEKAN E-BOOK)
2005
68.8 Lasek, PRK, & Excimer Laser Stromal Surface Ablation (Dimitri T. Azar, Massimo Camellin, Rochard W. Yee)
69.8 LEO Clinical Update Course on Retina (H. Michael Lambert, Charles. Arr, J. Paul Diechert, Mark W. Johnson, James S. Tiedeman)
‫ــــ‬
70.8 LEO Clinical Update Course on Cataract (Stephen S. Lane, MD, Alan S. Candall, MD, Douglas D. Koch, MD, Roger F. Steinert, MD)
‫ــــ‬
71.8 LEO Clinical Update Course on Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (American Academy of Ophthalmology)
2000
‫ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳـﻼﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻓـﻴﻢ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷـﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳـﺘﺎﺩﺍﻥ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓـﻲ ﻫﻤﭽـﻮﻥ‬Lecture ١٣ ‫( ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬AAO) ‫( ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻛﺎﺩﻣﻲ ﭼﺸﻢﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‬Lifelong education for the ophthalmologist)LEO ‫ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺭﺯﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬CD ‫ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻱ‬CD
.‫ ﺍﻧﺴﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺠﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺷﻜﻲ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺯﺍﺩﻱ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻧﺤﺮﺍﻓﺎﺕ ﭼﺸﻤﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‬،ROP ،‫ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﻮﻡ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﺭﺍﻛﺖ ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ‬،‫ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻣﺒﻠﻴﻮﭘﻲ‬CD ‫ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻱ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻄﺮﺡﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﺍﺳﺖ‬M.X.Repka ‫ ﻭ‬K.W.Wright
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
48
72.8 Loeil Prental Endoscopie du Vitre Phaco Chop (VIDEO Media) (Roussat B. Choukroun J, Boscher C, Lebuisson DA, Amar R, Escalas P)
2003
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
- Reconnaissance des structures oculaires
- Lors des echographies prenatales
- Possibilites et limites actuelles
Roussat B, Choukroun J (Paris)
- Anatomie endoscopique normale et Pathologique de la base du vitre anterieur
Boscher C, Lebuisson DA, Amar R (paris)
73.8 Management of Strabismus & Amblyopia A Practical Guide
74.8 Manual of Eye Emergencies Diagnosis & Management
- Le Phaco Chop: Pour que les noyaux durs deviennet un plaisir
Escalas P (Nantes)
(Second Editon) (John A. Pratt-Johnson, Geraldine Tillson)
‫ــــ‬
2004
(Lennox A. Webb, Jack J. Kanski)
75.8 Manual of Oculoplastic Surgery (Third Edition) (Mark R. Levine)
‫ــــ‬
76.8 MOVIMIENTQ NATURAL PARA EL OJO ARTIFICIAL (VCD), (AJL OPHTHALMIC, S.A.)
‫ــــ‬
77.8 MVP VIDEO JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
‫ــــ‬
78.8 New England Eye Center Imaging in Glaucoma
‫ــــ‬
.‫ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﻮﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﺍﻭﻟﺘﺮﺍﺳﻮﻧﺪ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‬OCT ،SLO ‫ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ‬. ‫ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‬Optic nerve ‫ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺗﻴﻦ ﻭ‬CD
79.8 New England Eye Center Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK) Course (Helen K. WU, MD, Roger F. Steinert, MD, Michael B. Raizman, MD)
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﻟﻴﺰﺭ ﺑـﻪ ﻛـﺎﺭ‬PRK ‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬Roger F. Steinert ‫ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﹰﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬Lecture ١٥ ‫ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬PRK ‫ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺎﻩ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ‬New England ‫ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﭼﺸﻢﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬CD
.‫ ﺗﺎ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺮﻩ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Patient sclection ‫ﺭﻓﺘﻪ‬
2002
80.8 Ocular Pathology (FIFTH EDITION) (MYRON YANOFF, MD AND BEN S. FINE, MD) (Mosby) (SALEKAN E-BOOK)
Basic Principles of Pathology
Congenital Anomalies
Cornea and Sclera
Neural (Sensory) Retina
Orbit
Ocular Melanotic Tumors
Surgical and Nonsurgical Trauma
Nongranulomatous Inflammation: Uveltis, Endophthalmitis, Panophthalmitis, and Sequelae Granulomatous Inflammation.
Uvea
Vitreous
Diabetes Mellitus
Retinoblastoma and Pseudoglioma
Skin and Lacrimal Drainage System
Conjunctive
Lens
Optid Nerve
Glaucoma
81.8 Ocular Syndromes and Systemic Disease (Frederick Hampton Roy) (SALEKAN E-BOOK)
‫ــــــ‬
82.8 Ocular Therapeutics Handbook A Clinical Manual (Bruce E. Onofrey, Leonid Skorin.Jr., Nicky R. Holdeman) (SALEKAN E-BOOK)
2004
83.8 Ophthalmic & Facial Plastic Surgery
‫ــــــ‬
(Frank A. Nasi., Geoffrey J. Gladstone, Brian G. Brazzo)
Ophthalmic
Lenses
&
Dispensing
(Mo
JALIE)
84.8
‫ــــ‬
.‫ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻮﻳﺰ ﻟﻨﺰ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻳﺴﻢ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻋﻴﻮﺏ ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺤﺮﺍﻓﺎﺕ ﭼﺸﻤﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬،‫ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ‬Refraction ‫ ﻭ‬Optic ‫ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺷﻤﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ‬CD
85.8 Ophthalmic Surgery: principles and Techniques (BLACKWELL SCIENCE) (SALEKAN E-BOOK)
‫ــــ‬
86.8 Ophthalmology A multimedia tutorial for Primary care physicians and medical students (Robert Johnston FRCOpth, Jonathan Boulton MA MRCP FRCOpth)
‫ــــ‬
87.8 Optometric Practice Management (Irving Bennett) (Second Edition)
88.8 Orbital Floor Reconstruction Using Medpor Surgical Implant
(Joseph M. Serletti, MD, Paul Manson, MD) (VCD)
89.8 PHACO TODAY
(The Latest Development in Phacomulsification and Small Incision Cataract Surgery) (HOWARD FINE, MD)
‫ ﺍﺷـﻜﺎﻝ‬.‫ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻣـﻮﺯﺵ ﻣـﻲﺩﻫـﺪ‬phacoemulsfication ‫ ﻭ‬Incisions ،Anesthesin ‫ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﻳـﺪ‬،‫ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﺩﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺳﻴﺮ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﺭﺍﻛﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻓﻴﻜﻮ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬I. Howard Fine ‫ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﹰﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬Lecture ١٤ ‫ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻚ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
49
.‫ﺷﻤﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻙ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻜﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻴﻜﻮ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
90.8 Phacoemulsification
Step by Step (Video & Textbook)
‫ــــ‬
(Ric Caesar, Larry Benjamin)
91.8 Phakic Intraocular Lenses (Principles & Practice) (David R. Hardten. MD. FACS, Richard L. Lindstrom, Elizabeth A. David, MD, FACS) (SALEKAN E-BOOK)
2004
92.8 PhcoChop (Mastering Techniques, Optimizing Technology, and Avoiding Complications) (Text & Video clip) (David F. Chang) (CD I, II, III)
2004
93.8 Phacoemyulsification Cataract Surgery (Multimedia Oculosurgical Module) (Robert M. Schertzer, David X. Pang, MSE, Luanna R. Bartholomew, PhD) (Mosby)
"Scleral tunnel"
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑـﺔ ﻛﺎﺭﮔـﺎﻩ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷـﻲ ﻛـﻢﻧﻈﻴـﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨـﺔ ﺟﺮﺍﺣـﻲ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﺭﺍﻛـﺖ ﺑـﺮﻭﺵ‬CD ‫ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬.‫ ﻣـﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‬Mosby ‫( ﻣﺘﻌﻠـﻖ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﺸـﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬Multimedia Oulosurgical Module) MOM ‫ﻫـﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷـﻲ ﻣﻌـﺮﻭﻑ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺘﺒـﺮ‬CD ‫ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻱ‬CD
.‫ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻲ ﻛﺎﻣ ﹰﻼ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬text ‫ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻭ‬phacoemulsification
94.8 Physiology of the Eye
‫ــــ‬
Anatomy of the Eye 3-D Tour of the Eye Development of Vision Physics of Light & Color Illusions & Your Vision
Practical
Viewing of the Optic Disc (KATHLEEN B. DIGRE, M.D., JAMES J. CORBETT, M.D.
95.8
Getting Ready-Preparing to View the Opic Disc
What Should I Look for in the Normal Fundus?
Is the Disc Swollen?
Common Eye Conditions
2003
Is the Disc Pale?
Amaurosis Fugax and Not So Fugax-Vaxcular Disorders of the Eye
White Spots-What Are They?
Hemorrhage
Pigment
What is That in the Retina?
Macula
Practical Viewing in Children
What to Look for in the Aging
Viewing the Disc in Pregnancy
Practical Viewing of the Optic Disc and Retina in the Emergency Department
96.8 PROVISION INTERACTIVE: Clinical Case Studies (AAO) (Thomas A. Weingeist, MD., ph, D)
‫ــــ‬
97.8 RECONSTRUCCIÓN DE BASE ORBITAL CON IMPLANTE MEDPOR (VCD), (AJL OPHTHALMIC, S.A.)
‫ــــ‬
98.8 Review of Ophthalmology (Friedman, Kaiser, Trattler)
99.8 Refractive Surgery First interactive Symposium (Marguerite B. McDonald, MD)
2005
(American Academy of Ophthalmology)
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﻭ‬Roger F. Steinert ،،Jack T. Holladay :‫ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩﺍﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺐﻧﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻦﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬Lecture ‫ ﺍ ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭﺑﺮﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪﺓ ﺩﻫﻬﺎ‬Manus C. Kraff ‫ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺘﻲ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬ASCRS ‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺳﻤﭙﻮﺯﻳﻮﻡ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺭﻓﺮﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ‬CD ‫ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺩﻭ‬CD
.PRK ‫ ﻭ‬LASIK ،phacoemulsification ‫ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﺔ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﺭﺍﻛﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬...
‫ــــ‬
100.8 Refractive Surgery in the new millennium.
101.8 Evolution in LASIK
102.8
LASIK: Customized Ablations and Quality of Vision
‫ ﺗﺎ ﺗﻜﻨﻴـﻚ‬Patient Selection ‫ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎﺗﻲ‬LASIK ‫ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‬،‫( ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬AAO) ‫( ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻛﺎﺩﻣﻲ ﭼﺸﻢﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‬Ophthalmology Interactive) ‫ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬CD ‫ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻱ‬CD ٣ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺮﻩ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻭ ﻃﺮﻕ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
103.8 RETINA (Stephen J. Ryan, M.D., Thomas E. Ogden, M.D.,)
‫ــــ‬
2000
‫ــــ‬
104.8 Retina and Optic Nerve Imaging (Thomas A. Ciulla, Carl D. Regillo, Alon Harris)
2003
105.8 RETINA LIBRARY
‫ــــ‬
106.8 Retina & Vitneous
‫ــــ‬
Hereditary retinal dystrophies
‫ ﺑـﻪ‬CD ‫ ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻦ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬.‫ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺘﻲ ﻛﻢﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‬١٧٠٠ ‫ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﺑﺮ‬Case ٤٦٧ ‫ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺩﻳﺴﺘﺮﻭﻓﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺗﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺎﻳﻊﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺎ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‬.‫ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺎﻣﻊﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﻳﺴﺘﺮﻭﻓﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺗﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD
.‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻲ ﻣﺼﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ ﺩﻳﺴﺘﺮﻭﻓﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺗﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻚ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
107.8 Refractive Surgery: A Guide to Assessment and Management (Shehzad A Naroo)
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪50‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪108.8 Stereoscopic Atlas of Macular Diseases: diagnosis and treatment (Fourth Edition) (J. Donald M. Gass, M.D.) (Mosby‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪109.8 Subjective Refraction: Cross Cylider Technique‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪110.8 SURGICAL TECHNIQUES WITH MEDPORIMPLANTS AND THE MCP (VCD), (AJL OPHTHALMIC, S.A.‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪111.8 ADVANCED CONCEPTS IN CATARACT SURGERY The American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (ASCRS‬‬
‫)‪112.8 Clinical Update Course on Glaucoma (Mark B. Sherwood, MD, James D. Brandt, MD, Neil T. Choplin, MD, Joel S. Schuman, MD‬‬
‫)‪113.8 Techniques in CLEAR CORNEAL CATARACT SURGERY OPHTHALMOLOGY Interactive‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﺭﺍﻛﺖ ﺑﺮﻭﺵ ‪ "Clear cornea" Phacoemulsification‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﻲﺣﺴﻲ ﺗﺎﭘﻴﻜﺎﻝ ﻭ ‪ ،Prep & drape ، intracameral‬ﺍﻧﺴﺰﻳﻮﻥ ‪ capsulorrhexis ،Clear cornea‬ﻭ ﻇﺮﺍﻳﻒ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‪setting ،hydrodissection ،‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﺷﺖ ‪ Foldable IOL‬ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺮﻩ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻭ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ CD٣‬ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ‪ ،Lecture‬ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺷﻤﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻭ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩﺍﻥ ﺑﻨﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫)‪114.8 Technique of Cosmetic Eyelid Surgery (A Case Study Approach) (Joseph A. Mauriello, Jr., M.D.‬‬
‫)‪115.8 TEXBOOK OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (KENNETH W.WRIGHT‬‬
‫)‪REVIEW QUESTIONS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY (KENNETHC. CHERN.KENNETH W. WRIGHT‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻜﻮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﺭﺍﻛـﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻟﻮﺡ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻩ )‪ (CD‬ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻭ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺷﻐﺎﻝ ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮﻱ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻭ ﺍﺣﻴﺎﻧﹰﺎ ﺗﻬﻴﺔ ‪ Print‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺎﻱ ‪ CD‬ﺣﺘـﻲ ﺑـﺎ‬
‫ﻼ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ‪ CD‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺤﺼﺎﺭﹰﺍ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻗﺘﻲ ﻭﺳﻮﺍﺱ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺐ ‪ text‬ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺐ ‪ text‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺁﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﹸﻓﺴﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﺮﺟﻌﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺫﻳ ﹰ‬
‫ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﻜﻪ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻭ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻨﻤﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﻴﻔﻲ ﺑﻬﻴﭻ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻓﺴﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬
‫)‪116.8 THE FAILING GLAUCOMA FILTER: EARLY IDENTIFICATION & TREATMENT (Bradford J. Shingleton, MD‬‬
‫‪ CD‬ﻓﻮﻕ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﹰﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﺔ ‪ Failing Filtration Surgery‬ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻞ‪ ،‬ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺮﻩ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻲ ﻭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ‪ Lecture‬ﻭ ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫـﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ ‪ Choroidal tap‬ﻭ‬
‫ﻼ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺨﻮﺑﻲ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ bleb revision‬ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺘﻦ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﺟﺮﺍﺡ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﻮﻣﻲ ﻛﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪(MICHAEL K. SMOLEK, PH. D.‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪117.8 The Multimedia Atlas of Videokeratography Basics of Map Interpretation‬‬
‫)‪118.8 The Retina ATLAS ( Yannuzzi,Green) (Mosby‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫)‪office & eoffice & emergency rom diagnosis & treatment of eye disease (Derek &. Kunimoto, Kunal D. Kanitkar‬‬
‫‪119.8 The Wills Eye Manual‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪120.8 THE VIDEO ATLAS OF COSMETIC BLEPHAROPLASTY (8 CDs‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪121.8 Vitreoretinal Course Bascom Palmer Eye Institute's (William E. Smiddy, Philip Rosenfeld, Patrick E. Rubsamen, Janet L.‬‬
‫)‪(S.LBosniak‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ VCD ٨‬ﻓﻮﻕ ﻳﻚ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻠﻚ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ ‪ S.LBosniak‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﭘﻠﻚ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻲﺣﺴﻲ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫـﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣـﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺻـﻼﺡ ﻭ ﺗـﺮﻣﻴﻢ ﻛﻠﻴـﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻭ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﭘﻠﻜﻲ ﻣﻦﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺁﻧﺘﺮﻭﭘﻴﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻛﺘﺮﻭﭘﻴﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﭘﺘﻮﺯ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﺷﺎﻻﺯﻳﺲ ﻭ ‪ ...‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺔ ﮔﺬﺭﺍﻧﺪﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺎﻩ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺑﻠﻔﺎﺭﻭﭘﻼﺳﺘﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ CD‬ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻱ ‪CD‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ‪ (Ophthalmology interactive) OI‬ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻛﺎﺩﻣﻲ ﭼﺸﻢﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ )‪ ،(AAO‬ﺣﺎﻭﻱ ‪ Lecture ١٦‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻓﻴﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪﺍﻱ ﭼﻮﻥ ‪ W.E.Smiddy‬ﻭ ‪ H.W.Flynn‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﻣـﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺮﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺳﮕﻤﺎﻥ ﺧﻠﻔﻲ ﭼﺸﻢ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ‪ Macular hole ،Giant retinal tear،Dislocated IOLs ،AMD , ROP ،Endophthalmitis :‬ﻭ ‪ ...‬ﺭﺍ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪122.8 VJO Ophthalmology (I, I , III ,) (VCD) (Charles, H. Cozean, James S. Lewis, Richard J. Mackool‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪123.8 Wavefront Analysis Aberrometers & Corneal Topography (Benjamin F. Boyd, M.D.,FACS) (SALEKAN E-BOOK‬‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﻣﻐﺰ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ‪CD‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫)‪5 Minute Neurology Consult (SALEKAN E-BOOK) (D. Joanne Lynn‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺭﺯﻳﺪﻧﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﻓﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺳﺮﻱ ‪ 5-Minute‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻓﺮﻣﺖ ﺩﻭﺻﻔﺤﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻼﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺍﺣﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑـﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‬
‫‪ ٢٠٠‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺷﺎﻳﻌﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ Follow up ، Medications ، Management ، Diagnosis ،Basics‬ﻭ ‪ Miscellaneous‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ CD .‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪-Neurologic Symptoms and Signs‬‬
‫‪-Neurologic Diagnostic Tests‬‬
‫‪-Neurologic Diseases and Disorders‬‬
‫‪-Short Topics‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫‪1.9‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
‫‪51‬‬
‫)‪55th Annual Meeting March 29-Aprill 5, American Academy of Neurology (HAWAII‬‬
‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪2.9‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ Full text‬ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﻭ ‪ Presentation‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﮕﺮﻩ ﺁﻛﺎﺩﻣﻲ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﻞ ‪ 2003‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺎﻭﺍﻳﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫)‪(Barlow/Durand's, Durand/Barlow's, Trull/Pharcs‬‬
‫‪ CD‬ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻲﻣﺪﻳﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﺍﻛﺘﻴﻮ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﻧﺎﺑﻬﻨﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‪ -١ :‬ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎﺭﻱ‪ :‬ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻃﻲ‬
‫‪Abnormal Psychology LIVE and interactive tutorial‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎﺭﻱ‪ :‬ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫‪3.9‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫)‪Advanced Therapy of HEADACHE CONQUERING HEADACHE (SECOND REVIED EDITION) An Illustrated Guide to Understanding The Treatment and Control of Headache (Alan M. Rapoport, Fred D. Sheftell‬‬
‫‪ (١‬ﻣﺘﻦ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ‪ PDF‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ )‪ Advanced Therapy of headache (1999‬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ‪) Alan rappaport‬ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ‪) Fred sheftell ( Yale‬ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ‪ ( Newyork‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ 48‬ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﺮﺩﺭﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ‪ management‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (٢‬ﻣﺘﻦ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ‪ PDF‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ Conquering headache 1998 2nd edition‬ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﺩﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺳـﺮﺩﺭﺩﻫﺎ‪ -‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻬـﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳـﻲ‬
‫ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪ -‬ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪﺍﻱ ﻭﺭﺯﺷﻲ‪ -‬ﺧﻮﺍﺏ‪ -‬ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬‫‪ (٣‬ﻣﺘﻦ ‪ PDF‬ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ‪ Seminars in Headache mamagement‬ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ‪ James W.Lance‬ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1996- 1998‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ‪ :‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ‪ -‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺩ ﻣﻴﮕﺮﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﭘﺮﻭﻓﻴﻼﻛﺘﻴﻚ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺳﺮﺩﺭﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻼﺳﺘﺮ‪ – Post traumatic -‬ﺍﻳﺴﻜﻤﻲ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﮕﺮﻥ‪ -‬ﻣﻴﮕﺮﻥ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﻨﺴﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪American Academy of Neurology 2004 Syllabi‬‬
‫‪4.9‬‬
‫‪5.9‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻛﻪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﻨﮕﺮﻩ ﺁﻛﺎﺩﻣﻲ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ٢٠٠٤‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ ١٦٠‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻃﺒﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺎﻳﻞﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Presentation‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺲ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﺔ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﺩﻭﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻲﺳﺎﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻳﻞﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ‪ Java‬ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪ Autorun‬ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ‪ Search‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﻄﺮﺡﺷﺪﻩ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ‪:‬‬
‫‪Stroke‬‬
‫‪Demyelinating dyorden‬‬
‫‪Botutinum Toxin Injection‬‬
‫‪Movement disorders‬‬
‫‪Bedside Neurology‬‬
‫‪Clinical EEG‬‬
‫‪Balance and gaif disorder‬‬
‫‪Clinical EMG‬‬
‫‪Seizure and antiepilep drugs‬‬
‫‪Child Neurology‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫)‪Aphasia & Related Neurogenic Language Disorders (Third Edition) (Leonard L. LaPointe, Ph.D.‬‬
‫‪6.9‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬
‫)‪Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy (Dr. Walter J. Hendelman‬‬
‫‪7.9‬‬
‫‪Boehringer Ingelheim Satellite Symposium Interanational Stroke Conference‬‬
‫‪8.9‬‬
‫)‪(Phoenix, Arizona‬‬
‫‪2003‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪(An interactive digital atlas designed to assist in learning human neuroanatomy‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫)‪(Version 1.52‬‬
‫‪Medical Multimedia Systems Presents‬‬
‫)‪(A Primer for Clinicians) (Bryan Bergeron‬‬
‫‪CD 2. The Movement Disorder Society's Guide to Botulinum Toxin Injections‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪TM‬‬
‫!‪Brainiac‬‬
‫‪9.9‬‬
‫‪10.9 Case Studies in Genes & Disease‬‬
‫‪11.9 CD 1. BOTOX Injection Tracking Tool‬‬
‫‪12.9 Cerebral Palsy Resource Guide for Speech-1-anguage Pathologists‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪13.9 Clinical Electromyography Nerve Conduction Studies (Third Edition‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪14.9 Clinical Neurology (G David Perkin Fred H Hochberg Douglas C Miller‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪15.9 Comprehensive Handbook of PSYCHOTHERAPY‬‬
‫)‪(Florence W. Kaslow, Jeffrey J. Magnavita) (Volume 1-4‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺪﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺩﺭﺑﺮﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪﺓ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺪﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫‪ : CD I‬ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺳﺎﻳﻜﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻚ ‪ : CD II‬ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻱ‪ -‬ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ )‪ : CD III (CBT‬ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺪﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥﮔﺮﺍﻳﻲ )‪ (humanistic‬ﻭ ﺍﺻﺎﻟﺖ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ )‪(existential‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪ : CD IV‬ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻘﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻃﻲ‬
‫)‪16.9 Comprehensive Textbook of PSYCHIATRY (Seventh Edition CD-ROM) (Benjamin J. Sadock, MD – Virginia A. Sadock, MD) ( LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS‬‬
‫ﻼ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺿﻮﺡ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﺔ ﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﭘﺰﺷـﻜﻲ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﺼـﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻣﺘﻌـﺪﺩ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷـﻲ‪،MRI ،‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ ‪ ٥٥‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻭﻱ ‪ ٦٥٠‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
‫ﻃﺮﺡﻭﺍﺭﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻤﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﺋﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺫﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ‪ -٢‬ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ‪ -٣‬ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺁﺳﻴﺐﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ‪ -٤‬ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺍﻥﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ‪ -٥‬ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ‪ -٦‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ …‪ -٧ ((Delirium Dementin,‬ﺍﺳﻜﻴﺰﻭﻓﺮﻧﻲ ‪ -٨‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺏ‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ‪ -١٠ Mood‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ‪ -١١‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ‪ -١٢ Dissociative‬ﺧﻮﺩﻛﺸﻲﻫﺎ ‪ -١٣‬ﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ ‪ -١٤‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻳﺎﺩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ‪ -١٥‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻲ ‪ -١٦‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Tic‬ﻋﺼﺒﻲ ‪ -١٧‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
52
.‫ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻴﻬﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻲ ﭼﺎﭖ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬،‫ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮﻱ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬.‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﮊﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺳﺖ‬... ‫ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ )ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ( ﻭ‬-١٩
Adoption -١٨
17.9 Computational Neuroscience Realistic Modeling for Experimentalists (Erik De Schutter)
Introduction to Equation Solving and Parameter Fitting Modeling Networks of Signalling Pathways Modeling Local and Global Calcium Signals Using Reaction-Diffusion Equations Monte Carlo
Methods for Simulating Realistic Synaptic Microphysiology Using Mcell Which Formalism to Use for Modeling voltage-Dependent Conductances? Accuate Reconstruction of Neunal Morphology
Modeling Dendritic Geometry and the Development of Nerve Connections Passive Cable Modeling-A practical Introduction Modeling Simple and Complex Active Neurons Realistic Modeling of Small
Neuronal Circuits Modeling of Interactions Between Neural Networks and Musculoskeletal System
‫ــــ‬
18.9 CONTEMPORARY NEUROSURGERY A BIWEEKLY PUBLICATION FOR CLINICAL NEUROSURGICAL CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION (Ali F. Krisht, MD)
‫ــــ‬
19.9 Core Curriculum in Primary Care Psychiatry and Pain Management Section
‫ــــ‬
(Micheal K. Rees, MD, MPH, Robert Birnbaum, MD, PHD, James A.D. Otis)
‫ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎﹰ ﺟﻬﺖ ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺳﺮﭘﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻳﻜﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻭ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﻋﻤﻠـﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴـﻚ ﺟﻬـﺖﺩﻫـﻲ‬CCC ‫ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻱ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫" ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬Current best Standard of therapy"‫ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻌﺎﺭ‬
:‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﺮ ﻓﺼﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Harvard Medical School ‫ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ‬Robert Birnbaum ‫ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬: Psychopharmacology for primay Care Medicine -١
Anxiety disorder- Panic disorder- Social phobia- Specific phobia- Obcessive & Compulsire disorder- PTSD- Generalized Anxiety disorder- Depression-Dysthymia
.‫ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ( ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬-‫ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺪﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬-‫ ﻣﺨﺪﺭ‬-‫ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﺩ )ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ‬-‫ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺳﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ‬-‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ‬Boston ‫ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ‬James A.D. otis ‫ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬: Pain Management -٢
.‫ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻩ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻭ ﻛﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬CD ‫ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﺳﻮﺍﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬print ‫ﻣﺘﻦ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪﺍﻱ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬
20.9 Corel Medical Series Epilepsy (Alan Guberman MD, FRCP (C)) (Professor of Neurology University of Ottawa
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﻛﺎﻣـﻞ‬Quiz ‫ ﺍﻧﻴﻤﻴﺸـﻦ ﻭ ﻗﻄﻌـﺎﺕ ﻭﻳـﺪﺋﻮﻳﻲ ﻭ‬-‫ ﺳﺮ ﻓﺼﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬:‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺳﻌﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﺴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺷﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮﻉ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬.‫ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺗﺎﻭﺍ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Allan Guberman ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬
‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﺮ ﻓﺼﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬problem based interactive ‫ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬review ‫ ﺳﻌﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ‬.‫ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻗﻮﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‬Print ‫ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ‬-‫ ﻗﻮﻱ‬Search .‫ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‬
Definitions
Topic index
Epilepsy Notes
Patient & Family information
Epilepsy Case Study
Video
Reference list
Epilepsy Facts
What is Epilepsy
Learning Objectives
2002
21.9 CRANIAL NERVES in health and disease (Second Edition)
‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻚ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﻛﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻐﺰ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺑﻪ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺟﻤﻌﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺎﺗﻴﺪ ﺟﺮﺍﺡ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﺩﺍ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬2002 ‫ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻮﻕ ﭼﺎﭖ‬PDF ‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺘﻦ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻟـﺬﺍ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ‬Problem-oriented ‫ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻱ‬.‫ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‬CD ‫ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺩﺭﻙ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﺩﺭ‬animation ‫ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‬.‫ ﺳﻨﺎﺭﻳﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺩﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﺘﻦ‬
.‫ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻚ ﺗﻚ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ ﻭ ﭼﺸﻢ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲﺭﺳﺪ‬ENT ،‫ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻓﻚ ﻭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬،‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺭﺯﻳﺪﻧﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﺭﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
22.9 Critical Decisions in Headache Management
(Giammarco. Edmeads. Dodick)
‫ــــ‬
(SALEKAN E-BOOK)
2002
23.9 CURRENT MANAGEMENT IN CHILD NEUROLOGY (SECOND EDITION) (Bernrd L. Maria, MD, MBA)
Section 1: Clinical Practice Trends
Section 2: The Office Visit
Section 3: The Hospitalized Child
‫ــــ‬
24.9 DICTIONARY OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (Lance D Blumgardt) (Martin Dunitz)
25.9 DISORDERS OF COGNITIVE FUNCTION
(VCD-I)
Severe Amnesic Syndrome: Anterograde and Retrograde Amnesia
Left Spatial Neglect
Broca's Aphasia
26.9 DISORDERS OF COGNITIVE FUNCTION
Wernicke's Aphasia
Negative Signs of Executive Dysfunction
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
Perseverative Verbal Behavior in Amnesia
Eye Movements in Severe Left Spatial Neglect
Lewy Bodies
Semantic Memory Loss
Anosognosia for Hemiparesis
Impaired Verbatim Repetition
Fluctuativng Sensorium in Dementia With
Paraphasias
2002
(VCD-II) (AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NEUROLOGY) (CONTINUUM)
Dysexecutive Syndrome
Prosopognosia and Visual Agnosia
27.9 DISORDERS OF COGNITIVE FUNCTION
2002
(AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NEUROLOGY) (CONTINUUM)
Disinhibited Behavior
Simultanagnosia
Grasp Response and Imitation Behavior
Optic Ataxia
Positive Signs of Executive Dysfunction
Ocular Apraxia
(VCD-III) (AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NEUROLOGY) (CONTINUUM)
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
Progressive Apraxia
2002
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
53
Basic Mental Status Examination
28.9
Token Test for Auditory Comprehension
Confrontation Naming
Finger Constructions
Luria 3-Step Test
Line Cancellation
Gestural Praxis
‫ــــ‬
Electromyography & Neuromuscular Disorders Clinical Electrophysiologic Correlations (David C. Preston, Barbara E. Shapiro)
29.9 EMG Training (Kenneth Ricker, M.D.)
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﻛﺎﺭ‬.‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻴﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺻﺪﺍﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﭘﺨﺶ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬٢٧ ‫ ﺍﺯ‬EMG ‫ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬٧٥ .‫ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬TOENNIES ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻣﻴﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬
.‫ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺠﺮﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺟﺎﻟﺐ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‬CD ‫ ﻓﺎﻳﻞﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻲﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ‬Search ‫ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬EMG glossary .‫ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‬Case ‫ ﻫﺮ‬.‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺗﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
30.9 ENS Teaching Course
‫ ﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻄﺮﺡﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﻪﺭﻭﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺤﺚﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬٢٠٠٣ ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ENS ‫ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻛﻨﮕﺮﻩ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬Title ‫ﺯﻳﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭼﻨﺪ‬
‫ــــ‬
Dizziness and vesthg
Neurogenetics for Clinicians
Neuroimaging
ICU in Neurology
31.9 EPILEPSY
Clinical Neurophysiology
NeuroSurgery for Neurologist
Neurology of Systemic disease
Movement discords
The Comprehensive CD-ROM
Clinical Neuropathology
Epilepsy
Parkinson's diseane
Neuroplathies
Sleep Disorder
Multiple Sclerosis
Ultrasound in Neurology
Current Treatments Neurology
(Jerome Engel, Jr., M.D., Ph.D., Timothy A. Pedley, M.D.)
Stroke
Muscle disorders
Dementia
1999
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
‫ ﺗﻮﺍﻧـﺎﻳﻲ‬.‫ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧـﺪﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‬CD ‫ ﺩﺭ‬imaging ‫ ﻋﻜـﺲ ﻭ‬٨٠٠ ‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﻴﻦ‬.‫ ﺳﺮﻓﺼـﻞ ﻣـﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‬٢٨٩ ‫ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻛـﻪ ﻣﺸـﺘﻤﻞ ﺑـﺮ‬Full text .‫ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Epilepsy: A comprehensive textBook ‫ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﺭﻓﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻗﻮﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‬٥٠٠ ‫ ﻭ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‬Weblink- Seasch
32.9
Essentials of Clinical Neurophysiology (Karl E. Misulis MD. PhD, Thomas C. Head MD)
33.9
Foundations of NEUROBIOLOGY
2002
‫ــــ‬
.‫ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٥ ‫ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬،‫ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺳﺮﻭﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬Self evaluattion ‫ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﺧﻮﺩﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﻲﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬-١
‫ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﮔﻲ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻣﻜـﺎﻥ ﻣـﻲﺩﻫـﺪ ﺑـﺎ‬-٤ Expansion Module -٣ .‫ ﺍﻧﻴﻤﻴﺸﻦﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮﻳﻲ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺎﺩﻣﺎﻧﺪﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻛﺘﺒﻲ ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ‬-٢
.‫ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻟﻴﻨﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‬Neurobiology ‫ ﺳﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ‬، CD ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ‬.‫ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺒﺮﻳﻢ‬play list ، CD ‫ﺍﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ‬
34.9 Foundations of Behavioural Neuroscience
-Neural Communication - Central Nervous system
-Research methods
-Visual System
- Control of movements
‫ــــ‬
Quiz ‫ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻓﺼـﻞ ﺳـﻮﺍﻻﺗﻲ ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮﺍﻥ‬.‫ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺩﺭﺧﺘﭽﻪﺍﻱ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺎﺩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬.‫ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬glossary , Search ‫ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ‬.‫ﺣﺎﻭﻱ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺭﺍﺣﺖ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﻳﺰ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻧﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺁﻣﻮﺧﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻳﺎﺩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
35.9 FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN NEURAL STRUCTURE (S. Mark Williams) (Sylvius
36.9 General depression and its pharmacological treatment (Professor Brain Leonard)
TM
‫ــــ‬
2.0)
‫ــــ‬
(VCD)
37.9 Guidelines (American Academy of Neurology) (SALEKAN E-BOOK)
.‫ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬Offline ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬Salekan E-Book ‫ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‬Search ‫ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺁﻛﺎﺩﻣﻲ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬Guidline ‫ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
- Brain Injury & Brain Death - Child Neurology
38.9
- Dementia
- Epilepsy
- Headache - Movement Disorders - Multiple Sclerosis
Human Brain Cancer: Diagnostic Decisions (Lauren A. Langford, MD, Dr. med,)
- Neuroimaging
- Neuromuscular
- Stroke and Vascular Neurology
-Technology Assessment
American Medical Association
39.9 ICU Syllabus
‫ ﺑـﺎ‬PDF ‫ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ‬٢٠٠٤ ‫ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻭ ﻣﺠﻼﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ICU Patient Care ‫ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬،‫ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ ﺳﺮﻭﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ICU ‫ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺪﺣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ‬CD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
:‫ ﺳﺮﻓﺼﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ‬.‫ ﻗﻮﻱ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Search ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ‬
Anemia and blood Transfusion
Hyperghycemia and Ihsulia
Non invasive Ventilation
ARDS
Hypothermia for cardiac arrest
Nutritions
40.9 Interactive Guide to Human Neuroanatomy
Atlas:
-Surface Anatomy of Brain
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
Ethics
Impaired cognition
Pneumonia
Fever Wokup
Liver disease
Pulmonary Embolism
Hemodynamics
Mechanical Vetitation
Renal failure
RARS
Sedation
Sepsis
-The Spinal Cord -The Anatomy Nervous System
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
Weaning
From Mechanical Vetitation
2002
(Mark F. Bear, Barry W. Connors, Michael A. Paradiso)
-Cross-Sectional Anatomy of Brain
2004
-The Cranial Nerves -The Blood Supply to the Brain
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪54‬‬
‫‪-Comprehensive Exam‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪5. Functional Systems‬‬
‫‪-Cross-Sectional Anatomy of the Brain‬‬
‫‪4. Microscopical Sections‬‬
‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪Exam:I -Surface Anatomy of the Brain‬‬
‫)‪41.9 InterBRAIN (Martin C. hirsh) (Springer‬‬
‫‪3. Brain Slices‬‬
‫‪2. Vessels and Meninges‬‬
‫‪1. Gross Anatomy‬‬
‫‪42.9 International Symposium ON 10 Years Betaferon‬‬
‫‪ CD‬ﻓﻮﻕ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺣﺼﻞ ﺳﻤﭙﻮﺯﻳﻮﻡ ﭘﺮﺍﮒ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ٢٠٠٣‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﺩﻩﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﺘﺎﻓﺮﻭﻥﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ‪ MS‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻄﺮﺡﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻨﮕﺮﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ‪:‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﻤﭙﺘﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺒﺨﺸﻲ ﺩﺭ ‪MS‬‬
‫ﺍﻓﻖﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪Geomics and Proteomics‬‬
‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ‪ BENEFIT‬ﻭ ‪BEYOND‬‬
‫ﺁﻣﻮﺧﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺎﻟﻮﺯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺮﻭﮔﻨﻮﺳﺘﻴﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻓﺮﻭﻥ ﺩﻭﺯ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ؟‬
‫ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺮﻭﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ‪MS‬‬
‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﺔ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ‪MS‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﺶ ‪ Stem Cell Transplant‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ‪Aggressive MS‬‬
‫ﺑﺘﺎﻓﺮﻭﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ‪Primary Progressive MS‬‬
‫)‪43.9 Kaplan & Sadock's STUDY SUIDE & SEIF-EXAMINATION REVIEW IN PSYCHIATRY (Seventh Edition) (Benjamin James Sadock‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪﺓ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ Synopsis‬ﻛﺎﭘﻼﻥ )‪ (٢٠٠٣‬ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺧﻼﺻﻪﺗﺮﻳﻦﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺗﺎﺯﻩﺗﺮ ﻭ ﺑﻪﺭﻭﺯﺷﺪﻩﺗﺮ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ Synopsis‬ﺭﺍ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺭﺯﻳﺪﻧﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﺩﻛﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺍﻥﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺣﺮﻓﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪44.9 MANAGE STRESS‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪ CD‬ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻲﻣﺪﻳﺎ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺱ‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺱ‪ ،‬ﺗﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﺏ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﺮﺩﻱ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻲ‬
‫)‪45.9 MANAGING STRESS (Audio CD‬‬
‫‪ CD‬ﺻﻮﺗﻲ ﺣﺎﻭﻱ ﺁﻫﻨﮓﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺭﺍﻳﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﺴﺐ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺱ‪.‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫)‪46.9 Manual of Nerver Conduction Study & Surface Anatomy for Needle Electromyography (Hang J. Lee, Joel A. Delisa) (Fourth Edition‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫)‪47.9 Manual of Neurologic Therapeutics (seventh edition‬‬
‫)‪(Martin A. Samuels, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪(SALEKAN E-BOOK‬‬
‫)‪(Second Edition‬‬
‫)‪48.9 Manual of Pain Management (Carol A. Warfield, Hilary J. Fausett‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﺖ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺍﺣﺖ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺯﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻲﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﻓﻴﺰﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺩﺭﺩ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻛﻼﺳﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ‪Procedure‬ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﺩﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﺩ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ‪ HIV‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪-Pain Management‬‬
‫‪-Common Painful Syndromes‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫‪-Pain by Anatomic Location‬‬
‫‪-Understanding pain‬‬
‫)‪49.9 Merritt's Neurology (Eleven Edition) (Lewis P. Rowland‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪(CD I, II , III , IV‬‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫)‪50.9 Microneurosurgery (M. G. Yasargil) Cassette 1 Aneurysms (VCD) (Thieme AV‬‬
‫)‪51.9 Migraine Current Approaches To Treatment (Dr. Andrew Dowson‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪52.9 Motor Speech Disorders (Joseph R. Duffy, PHD‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫)‪53.9 Movement Disorders Society Official Journal of The Movement Disorder Society Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ins VCD (I, II‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫)‪54.9 Needle Electromyography (Daniel Dumitru, M.D., PhD.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ Needle EMG‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺔ ‪ Daniel Dumitru‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ٢٠٠٢‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻌﻼﻭﺓ ‪ EMG Video Library‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ٣٣ .‬ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻣﻮﺍﺝ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ‪ EMG‬ﻭ ‪Pitfull‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ‪ Glossary , Search‬ﻗﻮﻱ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪1999‬‬
‫)‪55.9 NEUROANATOMY-3D-Stereoscopic Atlas of the Human Brain (Martin C. Hirsch, Thomas Kramer) (Springer‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺳﻪ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﻭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺼﺒﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻱ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻗﺎﺩﺭﻳﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪ Gross‬ﻣﻐﺰ ﺑﻨﮕﺮﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﻧﻈﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺗﻚ ﺗﻚ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺼﺒﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻛﻢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺿﻮﺡ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺵﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪﺍﻧﻪ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﮔﺸﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺼﺒﻲ ﺁﻧﺮﺍ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪56.9 Neurofunctional Systems 3D‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪57.9 Neurological surgery (julian R. Youmans , MD Editor-in-Chief) (Fourth Edition) (Y.O.U.M.A.N.S‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫)‪58.9 Neurology (Baker's clinical on CD-ROM‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪59.9 New Analgesic Options: Overcoming Obstacles to Pain Relief‬‬
‫‪-References‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪1998‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪-Trauma‬‬
‫‪-Post Op Pain‬‬
‫‪-Back Pain -Fibromyalgia‬‬
‫‪-OA Pain‬‬
‫‪-Pharmacist Answer Sheet‬‬
‫‪- MD, NP, PA, RN Answer Sheet‬‬
‫‪25.7 Photographic manual of Regional Orthopaedic and Neurological Tests‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ ٨٥٠‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻮﭘﺪﻳﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻣﻲﺳﺎﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻚ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺷـﺪﻩﺍﻧـﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ ﮔﺮﺩﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﻓﻮﻗﺎﻧﻲ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ ﻛﻤﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﺧﺘﻢ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ‪ Test‬ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺩﻭ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﻧﺠـﺎﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨـﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻮﺿـﻮﺡ ﻧﺸـﺎﻥ ﻣـﻲﺩﻫﻨـﺪ ﺗﻮﺿـﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺿـﻤﻦ ﻳـﻚ‬
‫‪ Sensitivity/Relialility Scale‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲﺳﺎﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹﺗﺮ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫)‪60.9 Principles of Neurology (6th Edition) (Raymond D. Adams, M.A., M.D.‬‬
‫‪61.9 PROFESS‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺣﺼﻞ ﺳﻤﭙﻮﺯﻳﻮﻡ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻜﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ﺩﺭ ‪ International Stroke Conference‬ﺩﺭﺁﺭﻳﺰﻭﻧﺎﻱ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ٢٠٠٣‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺶﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻜﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﮊﻳﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﻳﺮﻭﺗﺮﻛﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‬
‫‪Lecture‬ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﻭ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﻭ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲﻫﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﺩﻳﭙﺮﻳﺪﺍﻣﻮﻝ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ - .‬ﭼﺮﺍ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺎ ‪ CVA‬ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺯ ‪ MI‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ - .‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﻛﺐ ﺁﻧﺘﻲﭘﻜﺪﺗﻲ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻙ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ؟ ‪ -‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﺗﺎﻧﻴﻦ ‪ II‬ﺩﻳﺴﻜﺎﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﻜﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ؟ ‪ -‬ﺭﮊﻳﻢ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻜﺘﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫)‪62.9 Recognizing Extrapyramidal Symptoms (VCD‬‬
‫‪- and Tardive- Dyskinesia‬‬
‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪- Parkinsonism‬‬
‫‪- Akathisia‬‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪- Clinical Examples of Acute Dystonia‬‬
‫‪63.9 Rune Aaslid TCD Simulator Version 2.1‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺳﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﺍﻛﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻛﺴﺘﺮﺍﻛﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻝ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺨﺘﺮﻉ ‪ ، TCD‬ﺁﻗﺎﻱ ‪ Rune Aaslid‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺘﻨﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ‪ CD‬ﺭﺍ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ‪ -‬ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ‪ -‬ﻫﻤﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻚ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬
‫ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺍ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ :‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﭙﻜﺘﺮﻭﻡ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ‪ -‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﺍﻣﻮﺍﺝ‪ -‬ﻣﻮﻧﻴﺘﻮﺭﻳﻨﮓ‪ -‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪ – CBF‬ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‪ ،‬ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻛﺎﺭﺩﻳﻮ ﻭﺍﺳﻜﻮﻻﺭ‪ -‬ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴـﺮ ﺿـﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﻗﻠـﺐ‪ -‬ﺗـﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴـﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻔﺲ‪ HITS -‬ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺮﻩ ﺩﻳﺪ ﺳﻪ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺠﺴﻢ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺟﻤﺠﻤﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺳﻬﻞ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻣﺆﺛﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ‪ TCD‬ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﺳﺎﺗﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻠﻤﻮﺱ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻋﻼﻗﻪﻣﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪64.9 SHAME & Guilt (June Price Tangney, Ronda L. Dearing‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪65.9 Stroke‬‬
‫‪Overview of Stroke: 1. Stroke in Perspective 2. Pathogenesis & Pathophysiology 3. Evaluation & Diagnosis 4. Interventions 5. Thrombolytic Therapy Studies‬‬
‫‪IV Tissue Plasminogen Activator(t-PA) Studies: 1. Recent Multicenter, IV Streptokinase (SK) Studies‬‬
‫‪Ultra Rapid Response: 1. Increasing Public/Professional Awareness 2. Modifying Care Patterns 3. Stroke Care Systems 4. Assessing Critical Resources‬‬
‫‪Case Studies‬‬
‫‪1999‬‬
‫)‪66.9 TEXTBOOK of CLINICAL NEUROLOGY (Christopher G. Goetz, MD, Eric J. Pappert, MD) (W.B. Saunders Company‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫)‪67.9 Textbook of CRITICAL CARE (Salekan E-book‬‬
‫‪SECTION I RESUSCITATION AND MEDICAL EMERGENCIES‬‬
‫‪SECTION II TRAUMA‬‬
‫‪SECTION III IMAGING‬‬
‫‪SECTION IV CELL INJURY AND CELL DEATH‬‬
‫‪SECTION V INFECTIONS DISEASE‬‬
‫‪SECTION VI ENDOCTINOLOGY, METABOLISM, NUTRITION, PHARMACOLOGY‬‬
‫‪SECTION VII CARDIOVASCULAR‬‬
‫‪SECTION VIII PULMONARY‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪TM‬‬
‫)‪Atlas of Brain Anatomy An interactive tool for students, teachers, and researchers (Wieslaw L. Nowinski, A. Thirunavuukarasuu, R. Nick Bryan‬‬
‫‪68.9 The Cerefy‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪69.9 The Clinical Atlas of Parkinson's Disease‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ‪ MRI‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﺎﻣﮕﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻲﺳﺎﺯﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﺣﺘﻲ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ‪ ٣‬ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺠﺴﻢ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺗﻮﺗﺎﻛﺴـﻲ ﻣـﻲﺗـﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫‪ Grid‬ﺧﺎﺻﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪ interactive‬ﻭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺟﺬﺍﺏ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺁﻣﻮﺧﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﻭﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ‪ Glossory‬ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﻲ ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻚ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻳﻜﻪ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﺮﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ‪ -‬ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ‪ -‬ﻧﺮﻭﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‪ -‬ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﻧﺮﻭﺳﺎﻳﻨﺲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻣﻲﺁﻣﻮﺯﻧﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫)‪(D.J. Nicholl & A. Williams‬‬
‫)‪70.9 The Clinical Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease (An Interactive Guide for Family Physician‬‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
56
:‫ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٨ ‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬.‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﭼﻨﺪﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ‬
71.9 THE HUMAN BRAIN
‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ‬
Flowchart ‫ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻟﺰﺍﻳﻤﺮ ﻭ‬.‫ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﺩﺍ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬RiverView ‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬Alzheimer disease group ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ‬
Case Studies
‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‬
(Marion Hall David Robinson)
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
72.9 THE HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM (Springer)
73.9 The Massachusetts General Hospital Handbook of Pain Management (Second Edition)
(Jane Ballantyne, Scott M. Fishman, Salahadin Abdi) (SALEKAN-E-book)
‫ــــ‬
I. General Considerations
II. Diagnosis of Pain
III. Therapeutic Options: Pharmacologic Approaches
IV. Therapeutic Options: Nonpharmacologic Approaches
V. Acute Pain VI. Chronic Pain
VII. Pain Due to Cancer
VIII. Special Situations
- Apendices
- Subject Index
2002
74.9 The Movement Disorder Society's Guide to Botulinum Toxin Injections
،‫ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻀﻠﺔ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ‬.‫ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﻭ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬.‫ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﻲ‬.‫ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺑﻮﺗﻮﻟﻴﻨﻮﻡ ﺗﻮﻛﺴﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬:‫ ﺍﻭﻝ‬CD
.‫ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻘﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‬-‫ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺳﻮﺯﻥ‬-‫ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﺯﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﻓﻌﺎﻝﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ‬-‫ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ‬-‫ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‬.‫ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺑﻬﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﻳﺎﮔﺮﺍﻡ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻚ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﺭﺕﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ‬.‫ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺍﺑﻖ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻲﺳﺎﺯﺩ‬Search ‫ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻮﺗﻮﻟﻴﻨﻮﻡ ﺗﻮﻛﺴﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻚ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻫﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ‬:‫ ﺩﻭﻡ‬CD
.‫ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻛﻼﺳﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺷﺎﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬CD ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD ‫ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ‬PDF ‫ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ‬.‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‬
75.9 The Washington Manual Survival Guide Series Neurology Survival Guide
(Dave A. Rengachary, Tammy L. Lin, Daniel M. Goodenberger)
2001
76.9 Thinking a head (Critical question in ms therapy)
Video CD Collection
The John Hopkins
Neuroradiology Review
77.9
VCD 1.1: Neuroradiology Practice Techniques
VCD 1.2: MR Spectroscopy Techniques
VCD 1.3: Oral Cavity
VCD 2.1: I- Oral Carity
VCD 2.2: I- Extramucosal Spaces (Suprahyoid)
VCD 3.1: I- Head and Neck Case Review
VCD 3.2: I- Stroke Imaging (CT, CTA, CTP)
VCD 5.1: I- Spinal Interventions
VCD 5.2: I-Temporal Bone External and Middle Ear
VCD 6.1: I-Orbit
VCD 6.2: Spaces of the Neck (Infrahyoid)
VCD 6.3: Head and Neck Case Review
VCD 7.1: I- Cancer of the Nesopharynx
VCD 7.2: I- Brain (Molecular Imaging
VCD 8.3: I- Demyelinating Disorders
VCD 8.4: I- Carotid Imaging (part 1)
VCD 9.1: I- Pediatric Brain Tumors
VCD 9.2: Carotid Imaging (part2)
VCD 9.3: Brain Case Review
VCD 10.1: Anatomy and DJD Spine
VCD 10.2: Extradural (Non-DJD) Spine Sinus CT
VCD 11.1: I- Intradural Extramedullary Spine
VCD 11.2: I- Intradural Intramedullary Spine
VCD 12.1: I- Spine Case Review
VCD 12.2: New Techniques (Diffusion Tensor Imaging)
VCD 12.3: Functional Imaging
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
2004
2002
II- Imaging the Larynx
II- Extraaxial Adult Tumors
II- Vascular Disease
II- AVMS
II- Brain Case Review
II- Irbit
II- Temporal Bone Inner Ear
III- Head and Neck Case Review
II- Brain Case Review
II- Congenital Imaging (part 1)
II- Congenital Imaging (part 2)
II- Pediatric Brain Tumors
II- Hemorrhage/Head Trauma
II- Spine Trauma
II- Spine Infection and Inflammation
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪57‬‬
‫‪VCD 13.1: Functional Imaging‬‬
‫‪VCD 13.2: MR Spectroscopic Imaging‬‬
‫‪VCD 13.3: An overview of 3.0 Tesla Imaging‬‬
‫‪78.9 Understanding and Diagnosing Restless Legs Syndrome‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﻴﺌﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ‪ RLS Foundation‬ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻲﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻥ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﺎﻳﻞﻫﺎﻱ ‪ PDF‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻳﻚ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﻭ ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺁﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ‪-‬ﺭﻭﺍﻧـﺸﻨﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﻧﺎﺧﻮﺩﺁﮔﺎﻩ ﺫﻫﻦ‬
‫___‬
‫ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺜﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺩﻓﺎﻉﻫﺎ‬
‫)‪79.9 101 DEFENSES (How the Mind Shields Ltself) (Taylor & Francis Books‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫)‪80.9 A Clinical Guide to PEDIATRIC SLEEP (Diagnosis & Management of Sleep Problems) (Jodi A. Mindell, Judith A. Owens‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺳﻨﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺟﻮﺍﻧﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻧﻮﭘﺎﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﻪ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮﺧﻮﺍﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﺎﻥ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩﺍﻥ‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫)‪81.9 Case Files Psychiatry (Toy, Klamen‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﺯﻳﺪﻧﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ‪...‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻏﻠﺒﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻭ ‪...‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫)‪(Paul R. Carney, Richard B. Berry, James D. Geyer‬‬
‫ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬
‫‪82.9 Clinical Sleep Disorders‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫)‪83.9 Clinical Geriatric Psychopharmacology (Fourth Edition) (Cari Salzman‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫)‪84.9 Comprehensive Handbook of Psychotropics (Florence W. Kaslow, Jeffrey J. Magnavita) (Volume 1-4‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫)‪85.9 Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry (Kaplan & Sadock) (Eighth Edition) (Volume I , II‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫)‪86.9 Concise textbook of CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY (KAPLAN & SADOCK‬‬
‫)‪(Benjamin James Sadock, Virginia Alcott Sadock‬‬
‫___‬
‫)‪87.9 DSM-IV-TR GuideBook the essential companion to the diagnostic & statistical manual of mental disorders (Fourth Edition) (Michael B. First, Allen Frances‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻦ ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﻧﻈﺮﺷﺪﺓ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﭽﺔ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻲ )‪ . (DSM-IV-TR‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﭽﻪ ﻧﻘﺸﻪﺍﻱ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ‪ DSM-IV-TR‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﻼ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
‫___‬
‫)‪88.9 Handbook of SLEEP MEDICINE (John M. Shneerson‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﮔﻮﺵ ﻭ ﺧﻠﻖ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ‪...‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ‬
‫ﺍﺛﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ‬
‫)‪Principles & Practice (Antony Ryle & Lan B Kerr‬‬
‫___‬
‫ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺪﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻘﻲ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‪ -‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫)‪ (CAT‬ﭼﺸﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ‪CAT‬‬
‫ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺪﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ‪ -‬ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ‬
‫‪89.9 Introducing Cognitive Analytic Therapy‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ‪CAT‬‬
‫)‪90.9 Neurological and Neurosurgical Intensive Care (Allan H. Ropper, Daryl R. Gress, Michael N. Diringer) (Fourth Edition‬‬
‫___‬
‫)‪91.9 Pocket Guide to the ICD-10 Classification of Mental & Behavioural Disorders (Compilation and editorial arrangements by JE Cooper‬‬
‫ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ‪ ICD‬ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ‪ WHO‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﺷﺪﻩ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻲ )‪(DCR-10‬‬
‫___‬
‫)‪92.9 Practical Guides in Psychiatry Consultation Liaison Psychiatry (Michael Blumenfield, Maria L.A. Tiamson‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ‪ -‬ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ‪ .‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ‪ -‬ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ )‪ (C-L‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺧـﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺟﺴـﻤﻲ‪ Psychonephrology, Psychocardiology ،‬ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒـﺖﻫـﺎﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷـﻜﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤـﺎﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺁﺳﻴﺐﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻭ ‪...‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫)‪93.9 Psychiatry: 1200 Questions To Help Youpass the Boatds (Salekan E-Book‬‬
‫‪ ١٢٠٠‬ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺮﺩ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫)‪(A Practitioner's Guide) (Naney MeWilliams‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺪﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﻮﻳﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺪﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻥ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﭼﻬﺎﺭﭼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫‪94.9 Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy‬‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
‫‪58‬‬
‫___‬
‫‪95.9 Quick Reference to the Diagnostic Criteria from DSM-IV-TR Published by the American Psychiatric Association Washington, DC‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ )‪ -(APA‬ﻣﺘﻦ ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻈﺮﻇﺪﻩ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﭽﺔ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻲ )‪(DSM-IV-TR‬‬
‫___‬
‫)‪96.9 Social Skills Training for Schizophrenia A Step-by-Step Guide (Alan S. Bellack, Kim T. Mueser, Susan Gingerich, Julie Agresta‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻱ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﻜﻴﺰﻭﻓﺮﻧﻴﺎ‪ .‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻭﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻲ ﮔﺎﻡ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺧﺎﺹ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻱﺷـﺪﻩ ﺑـﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻣﻨﻈـﻮﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺍﻥﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎﺭﺍﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﺩﻛﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻛﺎﺭﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ‪...‬‬
‫‪2003‬‬
‫)‪97.9 Study Guide & Self-Examination Review in Psychiatry (Kkaplan & Sadock) (Seven Edition‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫)‪98.9 SUBSTANCE ABUSE (A Comprehensive Texbook) (Fourth Edition) (Joyce H. Lowinson, Pedro Ruiz, Robert B. Millman, John G. Langrod) (CD I , II‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ )ﺁﻣﻔﺘﺎﻣﻴﻦﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﻮﻛﺎﺋﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺗﻮﻫﻢﺯﺍ ﻭ ‪ (...‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺗﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ‪ ،‬ﺍﭘﻴﺪﻣﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‪.‬‬
‫___‬
‫)‪99.9 The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Consultstion Liaison Psychiatry (Second Edition) (Michael G. Wise, James R. Rundell‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ‪ -‬ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ )‪ . (C-L‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺮﺟﻌﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺟﺴﻤﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ‪ -‬ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬
‫)ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺟﻨﺴﻲ ﻭ ‪ (...‬ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺁﺭﺍﻳﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻭ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‪.‬‬
‫___‬
‫)‪100.9 The many Faces of Mental Disorders (Adult Case Histories According to ICD-10‬‬
‫ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ‪ . ICD-10‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺟﻠﺐ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﭙﺰﺳﻜﻲ ‪ comprehensive Synopsis‬ﺑﺮ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻓﺼﻞﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪Synopsis‬‬
‫‪ -١٠‬ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ‪CD‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫‪2003‬‬
‫‪1.10 (AGA Postgraduate Course) A Day and Night in the Life of a Gastroenterologist‬‬
‫‪Clinical Challenge Sessions‬‬
‫‪Small Bowel and Colon‬‬
‫___‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪GI Malignancy‬‬
‫‪Nutrition‬‬
‫‪Esophagus and Stomach Liver Pancreas and Biliary Tract‬‬
‫‪2.10 3DClinic (Version 1.0) Seeing is Understanding‬‬
‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪ Autorun‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ‪ QTS‬ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‪ CD‬ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺩﻭﻡ )‪ (SN: BI-B25600000-131‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﻬﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺭﺍ ‪ Restart‬ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ (2D Clinic) Icon .‬ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ‪ Desktop‬ﺷﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻨﻮﻱ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻪﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﺟﺬﺍﺏ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠـﻒ ﺑـﺪﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠـﻪ ‪-Cardiovascular -‬‬
‫‪ Gastrointestinal -Musculoskeletal -Respiratory -Nervous -Urinary -Sensory -Endocrine -Lymphatic -Skin‬ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ‪ Healthy‬ﻭ ‪ Disorder‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎﻱ ‪ 3D‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﻟﺐ ﻭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﻧﺪﻩﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻙ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺷﺎﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻟﺤﻈﻪ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﺭﻛﺮ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺎﻳﭗ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬
‫ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺷﻤﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﭘﺮﻳﻨﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﺋﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪Adult‬‬
‫‪Airway‬‬
‫‪Management‬‬
‫‪Principles‬‬
‫&‬
‫‪Techniques‬‬
‫‪American‬‬
‫‪Association‬‬
‫‪(afael‬‬
‫‪A.‬‬
‫‪Ortega,‬‬
‫‪M.D.,‬‬
‫)‪Harold Arkoff, M.D.‬‬
‫‪3.10‬‬
‫)‪4.10 Advanced Therapy of INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (Theodore M. Bayless, MD, Stephen B. Hanauer, MD‬‬
‫‪5.10 AGA Postgraduate Course CONTROVERSIES And CLINICAL CHALLENGES in Pancreatic Diseases‬‬
‫)‪(An Intensive Two-Day Course Covering A Diversity of Topics Related to the Pancreas‬‬
‫‪-Expanded Content‬‬
‫‪-Includes Results of the Q&A‬‬
‫‪-Section Challenge Sessions‬‬
‫)‪Atlas of GASTROINTESTINAL in Health and Disease (Marvin M. Schuster, Michael D. Crowell, Kenneth L. Koch‬‬
‫‪6.10‬‬
‫‪Part 1: Physiologic Basis of Gastrointestinal Motility‬‬
‫‪Part 2: Motility Test for the Gastrointestinal Tract‬‬
‫‪Atlas‬‬
‫‪of‬‬
‫‪GASTROINTESTINAL‬‬
‫‪MOTILITY‬‬
‫‪in‬‬
‫‪Health‬‬
‫‪and‬‬
‫‪Disease‬‬
‫)‪(Second Edition‬‬
‫‪7.10‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫)‪(Marvin M. Schuster, MD, FACP, FAPA, FACG, Michael D. Crowell, PhD, FACG, Kenneth L. Koch, MD‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪Part II: Motility Tests for The Gastrointestinal Tract‬‬
‫)‪American Cancer Sosiety (Raphael E. Pollock, MD, Phd‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫‪Part I: Physiologic Basic of Gastrointestinal Motility‬‬
‫‪8.10 Atlas of Clinical Oncology Soft Tissue Sarcomas‬‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
59
Atlas of Clinical Oncology Cancer of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract (Christopher G. Willett, MD)
nd
10.10 Atlas of Clinical Rheumatology (2 Edition) (David J. Nashel, Chief, Rheumatology Section Va Medical Center, Washington, Professor of Medicine Georgetown University)
2001
11.10 Atlas of INTERNAL MEDICINE (Eugene Braunwald)
‫ــــــ‬
12.10 CANCER Principles & Practice of Oncology
‫ــــــ‬
9.10
1. Clinical Atlas of Rheumatic Diseases
2. Radiograph Intrerpretation Instructional Module
3. Physical Examination
4. Procures
5. Physical Findings Instructional Module Radiography
6. Aspiration/Injection Instructional Module
(6th Edition) (Vincent T. DeVita, Jr., Samuel Hellman, Steven A. Rosenberg)
‫ــــــ‬
13.10 Case Studies in GASTROENTEROLOGY (Second Edition) (Ingram Roberts, MD)
‫ــــــ‬
14.10 CD-ATLAS OF DIAGNOSTIC ONCOLOGY
‫ــــــ‬
15.10 Clinical Endocarinology
‫ــــــ‬
(G. Michael Besser MD, DSc, FRCP, Michael O. Thorner MB BS, DSc, FRCP)
Adrenals
Gonads
Growth
Hormone Assay
Imaging Techniques
Pancreas
Ectopic Humoral Syndromes Gastrointestinal Tract Lipids and Lipoproteins Thyroid & Parathyroide Pituitary and Hypothalamus
16.10 Clinical Immunology PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE (Second Edition) (Robert R Rich, Thomas A Fleisher, William T Shearer, Brain L Kotzin, Harry W Schroeder)
:‫ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬١١ ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬.‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Rich ‫ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺔ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬Clinical Immunology ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬
‫ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻤﻮﻧﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬-٧
‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻤﻮﻧﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻜﻲ‬-٦ ‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺁﻟﺮﮊﻳﻜﻲ‬-٥ ‫ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﺫﺍﺗﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺎﺑﻲ‬-٤
‫ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬-٣
‫ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ‬- ٢
‫ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬-١
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ( ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ‬Slide vision ‫ ﻫﺮ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ )ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ‬drag & drop ‫ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺵ‬.‫ ﻭﺍﮊﻩ ﻭ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﭼﺎﭖ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‬Search ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ‬.‫ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻱ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮﺑﺨﺶ‬
.‫ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬Slide vision ‫ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺖ‬Autorun ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ‬.‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻛﺮﺩ‬.‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‬
17.10 CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (Raymond E. Lenhard, J. MD, Robert T. Osteen, MD, Ted Gansler, MD)
2001
18.10 Clinician's Guide to Laboratory Medicine (Saml, P. Desai, MD)
2004
19.10 Colonoscopy New Technology & Technique (CB Williams, JD Waye, Y Sakai)
‫ــــــ‬
20.10 Color Atlas & Text of Pulmonary Pathology
2005
(Philip T. Cagle, MD)
2000
21.10 Comprehensive Clinical Endocrinology G. Michael Besser MD, DSc, FRCP, Michael O. Thorner
Hypothalamus and Pituitary, Thyroid, Adrenal, Control of Blood glucose and its disturbance, gonad and growth, General conditions-basic, General conditionsclinical, Imaging, Patient Perspectives on endocrine Diseases
22.10 COMPREHENSIVE MANAGEMENT OF Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Jean Bourbeau, MD, MSc, FRCPC, Diane Nault, RN, MSc, Elizabet Borycki)
2002
23.10 Core Curriculum in Primary Care Metabolic Diseases Section
‫ــــــ‬
.‫ ﺑﻨﺎ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Harvard ‫ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻫﺮ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﻫﻴﺌﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬CD ‫ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ‬CCC
‫ ﺳـﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ‬،‫ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧـﺮ ﻫـﺮ ﺳـﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺤﺜـﻲ‬.‫ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲﻫﺎ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﻛـﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻣـﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‬.‫ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD
.‫ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺭﺳﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD ‫ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﺭ‬.‫ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﭼﺎﭘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻼﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ﭼﻬﺎﺭﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴﻢ ﺁﻫﻦ‬-٤
(‫ ﻧﮕﺮﺷﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ )ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺩﻭﻡ‬:‫ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﻠﻴﺘﻮﺱ‬-٣
(‫ ﻧﮕﺮﺷﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ )ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﻭﻝ‬:‫ ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﻠﻴﺘﻮﺱ‬-٢
‫ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ‬Lipid -١
24.10 Critical Diagnostic Thinking in Respiratory Care A Case-Based Approach
(James K. Storier, Eric D. badow, david L. longworth)
‫ــــــ‬
25.10 Differential Diagnosis (Seventh Edition) (LC Gupta Abhitabh Gupta Abhishek Gupta) (Salekan E-Book)
-Common Signs and Symptoms -Causes
-Differentiating Tables -Essentials of Diagnosis
-Staging of Diseases
-Syndromes
-Synonyms
-Investigations
2005
26.10 Digestive Diseases
‫ــــــ‬
Self-Education Program
27.10 Diseases of the Liver
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
(A Core Curriculum and Self-Assessment in Gastroenterology and Hepatology)
(8th Edition) (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
60
General Considerations
Autoimmune Liver Disease
The Liver in Pregnancy and Childhood
28.10 ESAP
The Consequences of Liver Disease
Alcohol and Drug-Luduced Disease
Infections and Granulomatous Disorders
(Endocrinology Self-Assessment Program)
The Cholestasis Disorders
Genetic and Metabolic Disease
Transplantation
Viral Hepatitis
Vascular Disease and Trauma
Benign and Malignant Tumors
Immunology of Liver
2003
(Clark T. Sawin, MD, Kathryn A. Martin, MD) (The Endocrine Society)
29.10 Evidence-Based Asthma Management PATHOPHYSIOLOGY/DIAGNOSIS/MANAGEMENT (7 edition)
‫ ﺁﺳﻢ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺷﺎﻳﻊ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺷـﻴﻮﻉ ﺭﻭ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﻭ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺩ‬Evidence-Based in medicin ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫﺎﻱ‬
.‫ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺷﻴﻮﻉ ﺁﺳﻢ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﮔﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺎ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬
:‫ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺟﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺁﺳﻢ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻛﻢﻋﺎﺭﺿﻪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
TH
1. Natural History and Epidemiology
2. Diagnosis
3. Role of Childhood Infection
4. Management of Persistent Asthma in Childhood
5. Use of Theophylline and Anticholinergic Therapy
6. Leukotriene Modifiers
7. Acute Life-Threatening Asthma
8. Role of Asthma Education
30.10 EVIDENCE-BASED DIABETES CARE
9. Genetics of Asthma
10. Role of the Outdoor Environment
11. Diagnosis and Management of Occupational Asthma
12. Mechanisms of Action of 2-Agonists and Short-Acting 2 Therapy
13. Environmental Control and Immunotherapy
14. Alternative Anti-inflammatory Therapies
15. Management of Asthma in the Intensive Care Unit
16. Asthma Unresponsive to Usual Therapy
17. Cellular and Pathologic Characteristics
18. Role of Indoor Aeroallergens
19. Principles of Asthma Management in Adults
20. Role of Long-Acting 2-Adrenergic Agents
21. Role of Inhaled Corticosteroids
22. Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction
23. Severe Acute Asthma in Children
24. Measures of Outcome
2001
(Hertzel C. Gerstein, MD, R. Brain Haynes, MD,)
1- EVIDENCE
2- DEFINITION AND IMPORTANCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS
4- PREVENTION AND SCREENING FOR DIABETES MELLITUS
3- ETIOLOGIC CLASSIFICATION OF DIABETES
5- LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES OF DIABETES
6- DELIVERY OF CARE
2001
31.10 EVIDENCE-BASED Diagnosis: A Handbook of Clinical Prediction Rules (Mark Ebell, MD, MS) (Springer-Verlag)
-Cardiovascular Diseases -Endocrinology -Gastroenterology -Gynecology and Obstetrics -Hematology/Oncology
-Musculoskeletal -Neurology -Pulmonary Diseas -Renal Disease -Surgery and Trauma
32.10 First Principles of Gastroenterology
-Infectious Disease
The basis of disease & an approach to management (5th edition) (A.B.R. Thomson, E.A. Shaffer)
2000
33.10 Gastric Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment (An interactive Training Program) (J.R. Siewert, D.Kelsen, K. Maruyama) (Springer)
34.10 Gastroenterology
‫ــــ‬
Endoscopy (2nd Edition)
2002
th
35.10 Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Pathophysiology/Diagnosis/Management (7 edition) (Sleisenger & Fordtran's)
Esophagus
Pancreas
Liver
Biliary tract
Nutrition in gastroenterology
Approach to patients with symptoms and signs
Topics involving multiple organs
Small and Large Intestine
Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Liver
Vasculature and Supporting Structures
Stomach and duodenum
Psychosocial
36.10 HARRISON'S 15 McGraw-Hill presents
‫ــــ‬
37.10 Linear ECHO ENDOSCOPY Tome I anatomy (Dr. Marc Giovannini)
38.10 Management of Patients with
-Equipment
-Environment
‫ــــ‬
-Echo-anatomy
Viral Hepatitis from the state of the Art…to Real Life (Patrick Marcellin)
‫ــــــ‬
39.10 Menopausal Osteoporosis (Neill Musselwhlte, M.D., Herman Rose, M.D.)
‫ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺮﺡﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬-٦
‫ ﺍﺳﺘﺌﻮﭘﺮﻭﺯ‬-٥
Impact of osteobrosis -٤
MKSAP®
12
(American
College
of
Physiciance-American
Sosiety
Internal Medicine)
40.10
‫ــــــ‬
:‫ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺟﺎﻟﺒﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﻮﭘﻮﺯ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺌﻮﭘﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬CD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻧﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﺎﻥ‬-٣
‫ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺁﻥ‬-٢
‫ ﻣﻨﻮﭘﻮﺯ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ‬-١
-Gastroenterology and Hepatology - Endocrinology and Metabolism -Infectious Disease Medicine - Rheumatology
-Neurology
- Dermatology - Nephrology -Hospital-Based Medicine and Critical Care
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
2001
- Oncology
- Hematology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
2001
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Ambulatory Medicine
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
61
41.10 Oxford Textbook of Medicine (OTM) (Weatherall, Ledingham, Weatherall)
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﻗﻮﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨـﺎﺕ ﺭﻭﺯﻣـﺮﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺳـﺦ‬.‫ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺗﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺐ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺨﺼﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﺑﺮ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬CD ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٢٥٠٠ ‫ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻭ‬٥٠٠ ‫ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺩﺭ‬٣٣ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ‬
:‫ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‬.‫ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪﻧﻮﻳﺲ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﺗﺎﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٥٨٠ ‫ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺗﺨﺼﺺ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ ﺩﺭ‬.‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬـﺎﻱ ﻣﻘـﺎﺭﺑﺘﻲ‬،‫ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﺍﻱ‬،‫ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﭘﻴﺮﻱ‬،‫ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ‬،‫ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻭﺭﺯﺷﻲ‬.‫ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺳﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬.‫ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﺔ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﺳﻴﻊﺗﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﻏﻴﺮﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‬
.‫ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺷﻜﺎﻓﺎﻧﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻥﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬،‫ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬،‫ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﻏﻞ‬.‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬،CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﺓ ﻗﻠﻤﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻮﻥ ﻭ ﭼﺎﭘﮕﺮ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﭼﺎﭖ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻭ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮﻱ ﻛﻠﻤـﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻭﺍﮊﻩﻫـﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼـﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳـﻲ ﺁﺳـﺎﻥ ﺑـﻪ‬.‫ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‬CD ‫ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬،‫ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺁﻥ ﻗﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬
.‫ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD ‫ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻱ )ﻛﻪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ( ﻭ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
42.10 Parenting Guide
‫ــــــ‬
43.10 Pre-Colonoscopy Education Program (Dr. Michael Shaw, Dr. Oliver cass Dr. James Reynolds Patricia Tomshine, Rn)
- Reason for Colonoscopy
- The Colon and The Colonoscope
- Preparations - Day of the Procedure
‫ــــ‬
- About the Procedure -After the Procedur - Minor Complicaions
- Major Complications
th
44.10 Reproductive Endocrinology Physilogy, Pathology & clinical management) (4 edition) (Yen, Jaffe, Barbieri)
45.10 Rheumatology (John H. Klippel.Paul A Dieppe)
-Rheumatic Diseases
-Regional Pain Problems
‫ــــ‬
-Signs and Symptoms
-Connective Tissue Disorders
46.10 TEXTBOOK OF Gastroenterology (Third Edition)
‫ــــــ‬
-Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondylopathy
-Disorders of Bone, Cartilage
-Infection and Arthritis
-Management of Rheumatic Disease
ATLAS OF Gastroenterology (Second Edition) (David H. Alpers, MD, Loren Laine, MD)
2001
47.10 Textbook of Rheumatology (Kelley's) (W.B. Saunders Company)
Section I BIOLOGY OF THE NORMAL JOINT
Section III EVALUATION OF THE PATIENT
Section V DIAGNOSTIC TESTS AND PROCEDURES
Section VII CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Section IX SPONDYLOARTHROPATHIES
Section XI VASCULITIC SYNDROMES
Section XIII STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, AND DISEASE OF MUSCLE
Section XV CRYSTAL-ASSOCIATED SYNOVITIS
Section XVII ARTHRITIS RELATED TO INFECTION
Section XIX DISORDERS OF BONE AND STRUCTURAL PROTEIN
Section XXI RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY FOR RHEUMATIC DISEASE
‫ــــ‬
Section II IMMUNE AND INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES
Section IV MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN AND EVALUATION
Section VI SPECIAL ISSUES
Section VIII RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Section X SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS AND RELATED SYNDROMES
Section XII SCLERODERMA AND MIXED CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES
Section XIV RHEUMATIC DISEASES OF CHILDHOOD
Section XVI OSTEOARTHRITIS, POLYCHONDRITIS, AND HERITABLE DISORDERS
Section XVIII ARTHRITIS ACCOMPANYING SYSTEMIC DISORDERS
Section XX TUMORS INVOLVING JOINTS
48.10 Textbook of TRAVEL MEDICINE and HEALTH (Herbert L. Dupont, M.D., Robert Steffen, M.D.) (B.C.DECKER INC)
‫ــــ‬
.‫ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﭘﻴـﺪﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻧـﺪﻣﻴﻚ ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮ ﻣـﻲﺷـﻮﺩ‬.‫ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Steffen ‫ ﻭ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬Dupont ‫ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬.‫ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬٣٧٠ ‫ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺩﺭ‬٣٤ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬
.‫ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD ‫ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬. . . ‫ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻛﺴﻴﻨﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﻣﺮﮒ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺮ ﻭ‬،‫ ﺷﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻮﺍﺩﺙ‬.‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﺑﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬،‫ ﻭﺑﺎ‬،‫ ﺍﻳﺪﺯ‬،‫ ﺗﻴﻔﻮﺋﻴﺪ‬،‫ ﻫﭙﺎﺗﻴﺖ‬،‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺎﻻﺭﻳﺎ‬
57.9 The Massachusetts General Hospital Handbook of Pain Management (Second Edition) (Jane Ballantyne, Scott M. Fishman, Salahadin Abdi) (SALEKAN-E-book)
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬CD ‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ــــ‬
I. General Considerations
II. Diagnosis of Pain
III. Therapeutic Options: Pharmacologic Approaches
IV. Therapeutic Options: Nonpharmacologic Approaches
V. Acute Pain VI. Chronic Pain
VII. Pain Due to Cancer
VIII. Special Situations
- Apendices
- Subject Index
‫ــــ‬
49.10 UEGW Gastroenterology Week 10th United European (Geneva, Switzerland)
2003
50.10 UEGW IBS: Management not myth
1. IBS: the clinician's view
2. IBS: care, cost and consequences
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
3. Diagnosis: identigy, Probe, eliminate
51.10 Upper GI Endoscopy An Interactive Aducasional Program
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
4. Tegaserod: a world of experience
5. Chairman's summary
Video Segments of Common Pathologics of the Upper Gl tract (Iencludes Educational text)
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
62
52.10 UpToDate CLINICAL REFERENCE LIBRARY 13.3 (CD I , II) (Burton D. Rose, MD, Joseph M. Rush, MD)
2005
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬CD ‫ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
Adult Primary Care Allwrgy and Immonology Cardiology
Critical Care
Drug Information Enodcrinoology Family Medicine Rheumatology
Women's Health
Gastroenterology
Gynecology
Hematology Infections Disease
Nephrology
Oncology
Pediatrics
Pulmonology
53.10 YEAR BOOK of RHEUMATOLOGY, ARTHRITI, AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASE
Health Sciences, Epidemiology, Economics, & Arthritis Care
TM
(Richrd S. Panush, MD) (SALEKAN E-BOOK)
2003
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Related Disorders
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Vasculitis and Systemic Rheumatic Diseases and Other Related Disorders
Systemic Selerosis and Related Disorders
Osteoarthritis, Crystal-Related Arthropathies, Osteoporosis, Infectious Arthritides, and Spondyloarthropathies
Regional Pain Syndromes, Non-Articular Musculoskeletal Disorders, and Fibromyalgia
Miscellaneous Topics
‫ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻲ‬
‫ــــ‬
54.10 Critical Care Clinics Infections in Critical Care I & II (W.B. Saunders)
55.10 Differential Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases
56.10 Infectious Disease Pathology
(David Schlossberg, Jonas A. Shulman)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
(Clinical Cases) (Gail l. Woods, Vicki, Schnadig, David H. Walker)
57.10 Infectious Disease Secrets (Second Edition) Questions & Answers Reveal the Sectet to the Diagnosis & Management of Infectionus Diseases (Robert H. Gates)
58.10 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(W Edmund Farrar, Martin J Wood, John A Innes, Hugh Tubbs)
The Head and Neck
The Urinary Tract
Vira, Fungal and Ectoparasitic Infections
Lower Respiratory Tract
The Genital Tract
The Eye
The Nervous System
Bones and Joints
Systemic Infections
The Gastrointestinal Tract
The Cardiovascular System
HIV Infection and Aids
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
The liver and Biliary Tract
Bacterial Infections
Acknowledgements
59.10 Infectious Diseases Handbook Diagnostic Medicine Series (Carlos M. Isada, Bernard L. Kasten, Morton P. Goldman) (5th Edition)
‫ــــــ‬
60.10 Manual of Clinical Problems in Infectious Disease (Nelson M. Gantz, Richard B. Brown)
‫ــــــ‬
61.10 Principles & Practice of Infectious Diseases
2000
A Harcourt Health Sciences Company
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﺟﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬٨٠٠ ‫ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻭ‬٨٠٠ ‫ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺍ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬
2- Subject index Search: .‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎ ﻭﺍﮊﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪ‬
3- Help
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺴـﺘﻢ ﻋﺼـﺒﻲ ﻭ‬،‫ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ‬-‫ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ‬،‫ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺮﻭﻧﺸﻴﻮﻟﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻗﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﻲ‬،‫( ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻜﻲ )ﺗﺐ‬٢
(‫ ﺍﭘﻴﺪﻣﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬،‫ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻓﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻥ‬،‫( ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻲ )ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺑﻲ‬١
(... ‫ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺎ ﻭ‬،‫ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺧﺎﺹ‬،‫ )ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻧﻲ‬،Special problems (٤ (.... ‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻴﻮﭘﻼﺳﻢﻫﺎ ﻭ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﭘﺮﻳﻮﻥﻫﺎ‬،‫( ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻲ ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻞ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ )ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻭﻳﺮﻭﺳﻲ‬٣ (.......
.‫( ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‬CD ‫ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺷﻤﺎ )ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬Java VM ‫ ﻭ‬internet explver ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ‬
1- Browse Mandell, Douglas & Bennett s
62.10 The Washington Manual INFECTIOUS DISEASES Subspecialty consult
‫ــــ‬
(Richard Stalin)
‫ ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ‬-١١
CD ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
1.11 A Major Contributor to Neonatal Infant Morbidity and Mortality (SURVANTA) (Part I , II) (Alan J. Gold, MD, J. Harry Gunkel, Arvin M. Overbach)
2.11 Atlas of Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disease
3.11 AVERY'S DISEASES OF THE NEWBORN (EIGHTH EDITION) (H. William Taeusch, M.D., Roberta A. Ballard, M.D., Christine A. Gleason, M.D.) (CD I, II)
4.11 Basic Mechanisms of Pediatric Respiratory Disease (Second Edition) (Gabriel G. Haddad,MD, Steven H. Abman, MD)
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
2005
2002
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
63
Genetic and Developmental Biology of the Respiratory System
Developmental Physiology of the Respiratory System
Structure-Function Relations of the Respiratory System During Development
Inflammation and Pulmonary Defense Mechanisms
5.11
6.11
7.11
8.11
18.9
Care of the Newborn: A Handbook for Primary Care (David E. Hertz, MD)
Care of the Sick Neonate (A Ouick Reference for Health Care Providers) (Paulette S. Haws, MSN, RNC)
Child Development, 9/e (John W. Santrock)
Clinical Use of Pediatric Diagnostic Tests (Enid Gilbert-Barness, M.D, Lewis A. Barness, M.D., Philip M. Farrell, M.D.)
CURRENT MANAGEMENT IN CHILD NEUROLOGY (SECOND EDITION) (Bernrd L. Maria, MD, MBA)
9.11
10.11
11.11
12.11
13.11
14.11
15.11
16.11
17.11
EVIDENCE-BASED PEDIATRICS (William Feldmam, MD, FRCPC) (B.C. Decker Inc.)
Section 1: Clinical Practice Trends
Section 2: The Office Visit
2005
2004
2001
2003
2002
Section 3: The Hospitalized Child
HANDBOOK A Manual for Pediatric House Officers (Jason Robertson, MD, Nicole Shilkofski, MD)
Nelson TEXTBOOK OF PEDIATRICS (17th Edition) (CD I, II, II)
Neonatal and Pediatric Pharmacology Therapeutic Principles in Practice (Third Edition) (Sumner J. Yaffe, MD, Jacob V. Aranda, MD)
Nutrition in Pediatrics (W. Allan Walker, John B. Watkins, Christopher Duggan)
Oski's Essential Pediatrics (Michael Crocetti, M.D., Michael A. Barone, M.D.,) (Second Edition)
PEDIATRIC GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE Pathophysiology . Diagnosis . Management (Third Edition)
TEXTBOOK OF NEONATAL RESUSCITATION (4TH EDITION MULTIMEDIA CD-ROM)
THE HARRIET LANE HANDBOOK (Seventeenth Edition) (Jason Robertson, MD Nicole Shilkofski, MD) A Manual for Pediatric House Officers
2000
2005
2004
2005
‫ــــ‬
2004
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
2005
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬:١٢
CD ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
1.12 1. Review for USMLE NMS® (Step 1)
2. Review for USMLE NMS® (Step 2)
3. Review for USMLE NMS® (Step 3)
‫ــــ‬
2.12 A.D.A.M. PracticePractical Review Anatomy – Create New Test – Open Existing Test
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ‬١٥٠٠٠ ‫ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‬.‫( ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬X-ray ‫ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ‬،‫ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻜﻲ )ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ‬٥٠٠ ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‬.‫ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻚ ﺯﺩﻥ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺏ( ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺪﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻲ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻜﻲ‬
:‫ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‬٢ ‫ ﺩﺭ‬،CD ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬Review Anatomy ‫ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬.‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬
:‫ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻲ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬.‫ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻭ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﻲ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‬
.‫ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ‬-٧
‫ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻟﮕﻦ ﺧﺎﺻﺮﻩ‬-٦
‫ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺷﻜﻢ‬-٥
‫ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻗﻔﺴﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ‬-٤
‫ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺗﻨﻪ‬-٣
‫ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﻓﻮﻗﺎﻧﻲ‬-٢
‫ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺳﺮ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﻥ‬-١
‫ ﺗﺼـﻮﻳﺮ ﺩﺭ‬٤ ‫ ﻭ‬٢ ،١ ‫ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻨﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻤـﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﻤﺰﻣـﺎﻥ‬.‫ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‬.‫ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬Related images ‫ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺩﻛﻤﺔ‬
‫ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴـﺖ ﺍﺿـﺎﻓﻪ ﻧﻤـﻮﺩﻥ‬.‫ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻧﻤﺮﺓ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣـﻲﺷـﻮﺩ‬Show Results ‫ ﺑﺎ ﺯﺩﻥ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ‬،‫ ﻳﻚ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ‬text ‫ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﺓ‬Start test ‫ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ‬.‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬
‫ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻈﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ )ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻫـﺮ ﺳـﺆﺍﻝ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸـﺨﺺ‬،‫ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬.‫ ﺭﺍ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻩ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ‬CD ‫ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬
.‫ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬Autorun ‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ‬Olson ‫ ﻭ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬Pawlina ‫ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺔ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬CD ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻗﻴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻥ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬Start ‫ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﺪ( ﺑﺎ ﺯﺩﻥ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ‬
3.12
Atlas of Clinical Medicine
4.12
Infection
Cardiovascular Renal
Joints and Bones Respiratory
Endocrine, Metabolic and Nutritional
CECIL TEXTBOOK of MEDICINE (21st Edition)
(Version 2.0) (Forbes. Jackson)
Part I MEDICINE AS A LEARNED AND HUMANE PROFESSION
Part III AGING AND GERIATRIC MEDICINE
Part V PRINCIPLES OF EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
‫ــــ‬
Gastrointestinal
Liver and Pancreas
Blood
Nerve and Muscle
2001
Part II SOCIAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES IN MEDICINE
Part IV PREVENTIVE HEALTH CARE
Part VI PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN GENETICS
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪64‬‬
‫‪Part VIII RESPIRATORY DISEASES‬‬
‫‪Part X RENAL AND GENITOURINARY DISEASES Part XI GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES‬‬
‫‪Part XIV ONCOLOGY‬‬
‫‪Part XVI NUTRITIONAL DISEASES‬‬
‫‪Part XVIII WOMEN'S HEALTH‬‬
‫‪Part XX DISEASES OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM‬‬
‫‪Part XXII INFECTIOUS DISEASES‬‬
‫‪Part XXIV DISEASES OF PROTOZOA AND METAZOA‬‬
‫‪Part XXVI EYE, EAR, NOSE, AND THROAT DISEASES‬‬
‫‪Part XXVIII LABORATORY REFERENCE INTERVALS AND VALUES‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪2003‬‬
‫)‪(Patr. Ce M. Healey, Edwin J. Jacobson‬‬
‫‪Part VII CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES‬‬
‫‪Part IX CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE‬‬
‫‪Part XII DISEASES OF THE LIVER, GALLBLADDER, AND‬‬
‫‪BILE DUCTS‬‬
‫‪Part XIII HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES‬‬
‫‪Part XV METABOLIC DISEASES‬‬
‫‪Part XVII ENDOCRINE DISEASES‬‬
‫‪Part XIX DISEASES OF BONE AND BONE MINERAL METABOLISM‬‬
‫‪Part XXI MUSCULOSKELETAL AND CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES‬‬
‫‪Part XXIII HIV AND THE ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME‬‬
‫‪Part XXV NEUROLOGY‬‬
‫‪Part XXVII SKIN DISEASES‬‬
‫)‪Common Medical Diagnoses: An Algorithmic Approach (Third Edition‬‬
‫‪BEST MEDICAL COLLECTION‬‬
‫‪6.12‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ‪ ٧‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻧﺼﺐ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -٧‬ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ‪Health soft‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺩﻳﻜﺸﻨﺮﻱ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‪ -٢ ،‬ﻃﺐ ﺳﻮﺯﻧﻲ‪ -٥ ،Health manger -٤ ،Multimedia workout -٣ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﺍﻱ )‪) medical Drug Reference -٦ ،(Prescription Drugs‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ(‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻳﻜﺸﻨﺮﻱ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﮊﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﺏ( ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﻲ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ‪ text‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻃــﺐ ﺳــﻮﺯﻧﻲ ‪ :‬ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ‪ ٩‬ﻓﺼــﻞ ﻣــﻲﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻛــﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻛــﺎﺭ ﺑــﺎ ﻭﺳــﺎﻳﻞ ﻭ ﻧﺤــﻮﺓ ﺩﺭﻣــﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬــﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺼــﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﺿــﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻨــﻲ ﺍﺭﺍﺋــﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻳــﻚ ﻓــﻴﻠﻢ ﺭﺍﺟــﻊ ﺑــﻪ ﻃــﺐ ﺳــﻮﺯﻧﻲ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﻟﺤــﺎﻅ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣــﻪ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻝ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ‬
‫‪ Hopkins technology‬ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ١٩٩٧‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ ‪ workout‬ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪ :١‬ﺑﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﺩﻱ )ﺳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ‪ ،‬ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﻱ ﭘﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻭ ‪ (...‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﮊﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﻉ ﻧﺮﻣﺶ ﺍﻭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻈﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ١٩٩٤‬ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﭼﻨـﺪﻳﻦ ﻓـﻴﻠﻢ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷـﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺤـﻮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻧﺮﻣﺶﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ :Health manager -٤‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻲ ﺷﻐﻠﻲ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺿﺒﻂ ﻭ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻭﻗﺎﻳﻊ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻟﺮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﻣﻬـﻢ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷـﺘﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣـﺎﻧﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻟﻲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﺍﻱ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮﻱ ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻓﺎﺭﻣﺎﻛﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ‪ Quanta Press‬ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ١٩٩٢‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ‪ :٢‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫ﺏ( ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﻠﺔ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎﻳﭗ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺮﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﺑﻴﺪ ﺝ( ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ‪ ،Class‬ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻈﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻫﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﻭ ﻫﺸﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺩﺭﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺳﻮﺀ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﻭ ‪ . . .‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ‪ Parsons Technology‬ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ١٩٩٥‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٧‬ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ )‪ : (Healthsoft‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻪﺑﺨﺶ )ﺳﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ( ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺗﻲ ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻭﺭﮊﺍﻧﺲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ‪ . . .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻧﺎﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺗﻲ ﺭﺍﺟـﻊ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻭﺍﮊﻩ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ( ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﺖ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺝ( ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﮊﻧﺘﻴﻚ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶ ﻧﺎﺳﺎﺯﮔﺎﺭﻱ ﺗﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﻭ ‪ . . .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺟﻨﺒﺔ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ‪ CD‬ﻫﻴﭻ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬
‫ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻧﻤﻲﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﺔ ﻧﺎﻣﻬﺎﻱ ﮊﻧﺘﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﺋﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Dverdose‬ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻨﻊ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪Clinical Examination‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪Nervous system‬‬
‫‪Male genitalia‬‬
‫‪Heart & cardiovascular system‬‬
‫‪Respiratory system‬‬
‫‪Skin, nails & hair‬‬
‫‪Infants & children‬‬
‫‪Bones, joints & muscle‬‬
‫‪Abdomen‬‬
‫‪Femal breast & genittalia‬‬
‫‪Ear, nose & throah‬‬
‫‪CMDT CURREAT Medical Diagnosis & Treatment‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪5.12‬‬
‫‪Endoscopic Assessment of Esophagitis According to the Los Angeles Classification System‬‬
‫‪y Viewing Area 1 :Slide Viewer 2: Slide Gallery 3:Video Gallery‬‬
‫‪3: Complicatins‬‬
‫‪2: Los Angeles Classification‬‬
‫‪2: On Endoscopic Assessment of Esophagitis‬‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫‪1: Mucosal Break‬‬
‫‪y Definitions‬‬
‫‪1: International Working Group‬‬
‫‪y Quiz‬‬
‫‪7.12‬‬
‫‪8.12‬‬
‫‪9.12‬‬
‫‪10.12 GRIFFITH'S 5-MINUTE CLINICAL CONSULT‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﺔ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﻲ`ﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﭘﻮﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ﭼﺸﻢ ﻭ ‪ ENT‬ﻭ ‪ ....‬ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻳﺎﻓﺘـﻪ ﺍﺳـﺖ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ ٣٣٠‬ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻣﺠﺮﺏ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎ )ﺩﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ( ﻭ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻫﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ‪ ٦‬ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻭ ‪ ٣٦‬ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻓﺮﻋﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺸﺮﻭﺡ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
65
4- MEDICATION
• Drugs of choice
• Contraindications
• Precautions
• Interactions
• Alternate drugs
5- FOLLOW-UP
• Monitoring
• Prevention
• Complications
• Prognosis
6- MISCELLANEOUS
• Associated conditions
• Age-related factors
• Pregnancy
• Synonyms
• ICD-9-CM
• See also
• Other notes
• Abbreviations
• References
3- TREATMENT
• Genral measures
• Surgical measures
• Activity
• Diet
• Patient education
2- DIAGNOSIS
• Differential
• Laboratory
• Pathological findings
• Special tests
• Imaging
1- BASICS
• Description
• Genetics
• Prevalence
• Age
• Signs and symptoms
• Causes
• Risk factors
2002
11.12 HEALTH ASSESSMENT (Gaylene Bouska Altman, RN, Ph.D., Karrin Johnson, RN, Robert W. Wallach, MD)
.‫ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻭ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬٤ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬
.‫ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻨﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٥٩ ‫ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ‬١٧٥ ‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬: ‫ ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬:١ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬
.‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﺪﺍﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﺭﻳﻪ )ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ( ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺔ ﻣﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬:‫ ﺻﺪﺍﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﺭﻳﻪ‬:٢ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬
‫ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ‬.‫ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ )ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﻭ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ( ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬،‫ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝ‬Case ٢٠ .‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ »ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺔ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻱ« ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬:‫ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺗﻬﺎﻱ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ‬:٣ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬
.‫ﻭ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﺳﺖ‬
.‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻣﺼﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﺭﻳﻒ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬٢C‫ ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺼﺮﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ؛ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ‬:٤ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬
.‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻥ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﭼﻨﺪ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻱ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬
12.12 MCCQE
Review Nots and Lecture Series
2000
(Marcus Law & Brain Rotengberg(
Section Menu:
Anesthesia, Cardiology, Color Atlas, Community Med, Dermatololgy, Diagnostic Imaging, Emergency, Endocrinology, Family Medicinne, Gastroenterology,
General Surgery, Geriatrics, Gynecology, Hematology, Infectious Disease, Nephrology, Neurology, Neurosurgery, Obstetrics, Ophthalmology, Orthopedics, Otolaryngology,
Pediatrics, Plastic Surgery, Psychiatry, Respirology, Rheumatology, Urology
13.12 Medical Dictionary (Dorland's) (by W. B. Saunders)
2000
14.12 MEDICAL Encyclopedia For Health Consumers (With Atlas)
TM
(The Best Internal Medicine Board Review)
15.12 MedStudy
1. The Most Board Specific
2. The Most Powerful
3. The Most Effective
‫ــــ‬
2000
4. The Most Talked About
16.12 Natural Medicine Instructions for Patients (Lara U. Pizzorno, Joseph E. Pizzorno, Jr, Michael T. Murray)
2002
17.12 Patient Teaching Aids
2002
‫ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻗﺎﺑـﻞ‬.‫ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻳﻚ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭﺑﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬،‫ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺑﺖ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻲ‬
‫ ﻗﻮﻱ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧـﺮﻡﺍﻓـﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﺤﺴـﻮﺏ‬Search ‫ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ‬.‫ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻱ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﺴﺰﺍﻳﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬.‫ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬Print
.‫ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﺣﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬Tapic ‫ ﺳﺮﻓﺼﻞ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭼﻨﺪ‬٤٠٠ ‫ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬.‫ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‬
18.12 Practical General Practice (Guidelines for effective clinical management) (Alex Khot, Andrew Polmear)
(Third Edition)
‫ــــ‬
2002
19.12 RAPID REVIEW FOR USMLE STEP 1 (Mosby)
Sciences:
y Anatomy y Behavioral Science y Biochemistry y Histology/Cell Biology y Microbiology/Immunology y Neuroscience y Pathology y Pharmocology y Physiology y Randomize All
20.12 SPSS 12.0 for Windows
2003
21.12 Textbook of Physical Diagnosis HISTORY AND EXAMINATION (Fourth Edition) (Mark H. Swartz, M.D.) (W.B. SAUNDERS COMPANY)
2002
22.12 The Basics for Interns
‫ــــ‬
:‫ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٦ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬
(‫ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﻧﺎﻱ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻨﻮﺗﻮﻣﻲ‬،‫ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺘﻼﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻣﺎﺳﻚ ﻛﻴﺴﻪﺍﻱ‬،‫ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺑﻴﻬﻮﺷﻲ‬،‫ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻲ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻭ ﺩﻫﺎﻥ‬، . . . ‫ ﻭ‬hypoxia ‫ ﻭ‬Apnea ‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺭﺍﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻲ ﺩﺭ‬،‫ )ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺭﺍﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻲ‬airway Management
(CT-scan ‫ ﻭ‬Abdominal x-ray ‫ – ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬Chest x-ray ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
-١
-٢
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
66
( . . . ‫ ﺭﻭﺵ ﭘﺎﻧﺴﻤﺎﻥ ﺯﺧﻢﻫﺎ‬،‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺯﺧﻢﻫﺎ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺦﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ – ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ – ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺑﺨﻴﻪ ﺯﺩﻥﻫﺎ‬
(‫ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﺎﻝ – ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻓﻤﻮﺭﺍﻝ‬
( . . . ‫ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭ ﺗﺪﺍﺭﻛﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ – ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺮﺷﻲ ﺳﻴﺎﻫﺮﮒﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻤﭙﻠﻨﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺮﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﻭ‬-‫ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺳﻴﺎﻫﺮﮒﻫﺎ )ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﻫﺮﮒﻫﺎ‬
( ‫ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺗﻴﻮﺏ ﺗﻮﺭﺍﻛﻮﺳﺘﻮﻣﻲ‬،‫ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺗﻮﺭﺍﺳﻨﺘﺰ‬،‫ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ‬،‫ )ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ‬: ‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﮊ ﻭ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﭘﻠﻮﺭﺍﻝ‬
.‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻴﻠﻤﻐﻬﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﺮﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﺮﻳﺾ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﹰﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻧﻴﻤﻴﺸﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﻴﻠﻤﻐﻬﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
-٣
-٤
-٥
-٦
-٧
23.12 The MERCK MANUAL of Medical Information (Second Edition) (Mark H. Beers, MD) (CD I , II) (Salekan E-Book)
24.12 Understanding Lung Sounds (Audio CD)
2003
‫ــــ‬
25.12 UNDERSTANDING PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (Second Edition) (Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance)
‫ــــ‬
26.12 Virtual Medical Office CHALLENGE (to accompany Bonewit-West Clinical Procedures for Medical Assistants, 5 Edition)
th
(W.B. Saunders Company)
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‬Triage ‫ ﻭ‬Critical ‫ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺿﺮﺍﻓﺖﻫﺎﻱ‬،‫ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺷﻴﻮﺓ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬.‫ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻣﻄﺮﺡﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺭﻓﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻋﺎﺩﺕ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬CaseStudy ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﺳﺮﻓﺼﻞ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬CD ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻲ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺳﻤﻌﻲ ﺑﺼﺮﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‬،‫ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺩﺭ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‬
- Case Study
- Clinical Skills
- Challenge Status
-Help
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬
27.12 Contemporary Nutrition Food Wise (Food Wise, Weight Manager)
2002
28.12 Food Works (College Edition)
___
29.12 INTRODUCTION TO NUTRIOTION AND METABOLISM (Third Edition) (DAVID A Bender)
30.12 Multimedia Workout
2002
(Jeffrey S. Smith, Joseph D. Cook)
‫ــــ‬
31.12 NUTRIENTS IN FOOD (Elizabet S. Hands)
2002
32.12 THE FOOD LOVER'S ENCYCLOPEDIA Culinary Techniques Recipes Nutrition Foods
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﺋﻲ‬-١٣
CD ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫ــــ‬
1.13
A Primer on Quality in the Analytical Laboratory (John Kenkel)
2.13
American DRUG INDEX (FACTS AND COMPARISONS)
3.13
Appleton and Lange's Quick Review PHARMACY
4.13
Basic Concepts in Biochemistry A Student's Survival Guid (Hiram F. Gilbert, Ph.D.) (Second Edition)
‫ــــ‬
5.13
Bioethics for Scientists (Professor John Bryant D. Linda Baggott La Velle, Revd Dr John Searle)
‫ــــ‬
6.13
British Pharmacopoeia (version 6.0)
Vol 1: -Notices -Preface -British Pharmacopoeia Commision -Introduction -General Notices -Monographs: Meidicinal and Pharmaceutical Substances
Vol 2: -Notices -General Notices -Monographs -Infrared Reference Spectra -Appendices -Supplementary Chapters
British Pharmacopoeia (Veterinary): -Preface -British Pharmacopoeia Commission -Introduction -General Notices -Monographs -Infrared Reference Spectra -Appendics
-Parmaceutics/Pharmokinetics
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
-Pharmacology
2001
(Twelfth Edition) (Joyce A. Generali, Christine A. Berger)
-Microbiology and Public Health
-Chemistry and Biochemistry
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
-Physiology/Pathology
___
-Clinical Pharmacy
2002
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
67
7.13
Characterization of Nanophase Materials (Zhong Lin Wang) (Salekan E-Book)
8.13
Chem Office (Renate Buergin Schaller)
9.13
Chemometrics Data Analysis for the Laboratory and Chemical Plant Richard G. Brereton (University of Bristol, UK)
‫ــــ‬
___
2003
___
10.13 Cleanroom Design (Second Edition) (Second Edition)
th
11.13 CLINICAL DRUG THERAPY Rationnales for Nursing Practice (7 Edition)
-Dosage Calc Challenge!
-Animations
-NCLEX Questions
(ANNE COLLINS ABRAMS) (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)
-Monographs of 100 Most Commonly Prescribed Drug
-Preventing Medication Errors Video
12.13 Common Fragrance and Flavor Materials (Kurt Bauer, Dorothea Garbe, Horst Surburg)
13.13
‫ــــ‬
___
DERIVATIZATION REACTIONS FOR HPLC (Georgelunn, Louise C. Hellwic)
2000
14.13 Dosages and Solutions CD Conpanion (Virginia Daugherty, RN, MSN, Diana Romans, RN, BSN) (Harcourt Health Sciences)
-Mathematics Review
-Introducing Drug Measures
-How to Read a Drug Label
-Calculatin Dosages
DRU
ERUPTION
REFERENCE
MANUAL
(The
Parthenon
Publishing
Group)
(Jerome
Z. Litt, MD)
15.13
Search by:
- Drug Name
-Reactions
-Interactions
-Categories
-Company
-Multiple Search
-Comprehensive Posttest
2004
-Printing
-Common
-Reaciton
___
16.13 DRUG CONSULT (Mosby)
17.13
Drug Identifier
Find Products by: -Drug name
___
-Patient Teaching Sheets
2003
-Imprint
-NDC code
-Manufacturer name
18.13 Drug-Membrane Interactions Analysis, Drug Distribution, Modeling (Joachim K. Seydel, Michael Wiese)
2002
19.13 Encyclopedic Dictionary of Named Processes in Chemical Technology (Ed. Alan E. Comyns)
‫ــــ‬
20.13
European Pharmacopoeia (4th Edition)
___
21.13
FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS HANDBOOK OF INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS (Tatyana A. Davletshina Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff, Ph.D.)
‫ــــ‬
22.13 Fluid Flow for Chemical Engineers
‫ــــ‬
(Second edition) (Professor F. A. Holland Dr R. Bragg)
‫ــــ‬
23.13 From Genome To Therapy: Integrating New Technologies with Drug Development
24.13
___
GoodMan and Gilmans's CD-ROM
25.13 Handbook of Solvents
(George Wypych)
‫ــــ‬
26.13
HERBAL MEDICINE Expanded Commission E Monographs (INTEGRATIVMEDICINE)
___
27.13
Herbal Remedy FINDER
___
28.13
HPLC and CE METHODS for Pharmaceutical Analysis
(Version 2.0)
(George Lunn) (John Wiley and ons)
2000
___
Patient Education Guide to Oncology Drugs Name Search – Categories – Comparisons
(Gail M. Wilkes, RNC, MS, AOCN, Terri B. Ades, RN, MS, AOCN)
30.13 PDQ PHARMACOLOGY (GORDON E. JOHNSON, PHD)
PDR® Electronic Library™ PHYSICIANS DESK REFERENCE (Thomson Medical Economics).
29.13
2002
2004
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬CD ‫( ﻓﺎﺭﻣﺎﻛﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬PDR, PDQ) ‫ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻓﺮﺍﻧﺲ‬.‫ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻳﻚ ﺭﻓﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﺋﻲ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ ﺻﺮﻓﻨﻈﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺗﺨﺼﺺ‬،‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻄﺐ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﻴﺰ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻫﺮ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ‬
.‫ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‬... ‫ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﻭ‬،‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﺍﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎ‬،‫ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎ‬،‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻦﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺩﻭﺯﺍﮊ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
68
2004
31.13 PDR for Herbal Medicines (Third Edition) (David Heber, MD. Phd, Facp, FACN)
32.13
PHARMACOLOGY (Thomas L. Pazderink, Laszlo Kerecsen, Mrugshkumar K. Shah) (Mosby)
33.13 PHYSICANAS' CANCER CHEMOTHERAPHY DRUG MANUAL
- Principles of Cancer Chemotheraphy
- Common Chemotherapy Regimens in Clinical Practice
2003
2004
(Jones & Bartlett)
- Physician's Cancer Chemotherapy Drug Manual 2004
- Guidelines for Chemotherapy and Dosing Modifications
- Antimetic Agents for the Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
34.13 The Analysis of Controlled Substances (Michael D. Cole) (Wiley)
35.13
36.13
37.13
38.13
39.13
40.13
2003
The Aqueous Cleaning Handbook A Guide to Critical-cleaning Procedures, Techniques, and Validation)
The Constituents of Medicinal Plant (2nd Edition) (An introduction to the chemistry and therapeutics of herbal medicine)
The Herbalist (David L. Hoffman)
THE MERCK INDEX on CD-ROM (Version 12:3)
USP 27-NF 22 Through Supplement Two (U.S. PHARMACOPEIA) (The standard of Quality) (The United States Phamocopeial Convention, Inc)
Workplace Safety Volume 4 of the Savety at Work Series (John Ridley, John Channing)
2002
2004
___
2000
2004
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬:١٤
CD ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
1.14
BUILDING A MEDICAL VOCABULARY (FIFTH EDITION) (FEGGY C. LEONARD) (W.B. Saunders Company)
2001
2.14
ELECTRONIC MEDICAL DICTIONARY (STEDMAN'S) (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS)
2001
3.14
English Family (Merriam-Webster)
‫ــــ‬
4.14
Entertainment Collection
‫ــــ‬
5.14
How to Prepare for TOEFL
‫ــــ‬
6.14
Mad About English Spelling (Interactive Learning)
‫ــــ‬
7.14 Medical Information on the Internet (A Guide for Health Professionals) (Second Edition)
Why use the Internet?
Internetive Learning
The future
Appendix D: Configuring TCP/IP
Getting Wired
E-mail, discussion lists and newsgroups
Appendix A: Finding more information information
Appendix E: Glossary
(Robert Kiley)
‫ــــ‬
Finding what you want
The quality issue
Appendix B: Netscape Navigator and Internet
The top ten medical resources
Consumer health information
Appendix C: Optimising your computer
8.14
Preparation For the TOEFL (Dictionary Crossword Puzzle Matching Game)
‫ــــ‬
9.14
Preparing for the GRE Writing Assessment
‫ــــ‬
What does the GRE General Test measure? The GRE General Test is designed to measuregeneral knowledge and reasoning skills in three areas that are important for a academic
Analytical Ability
achievement: Verbal Ability Quantitative Ability
10.14 Speak Fluent Series
‫ــــ‬
11.14 Studying a Study Texting a Test (Fourth Edition) (Richard K. Riegelman)
‫ــــ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
69
Designation Statement
Target Audience
Test-CME Needs Assessment
Glossary
Learning Objectives
12.14 The AMERICAN HERITAGE® TALKING DICTIONARY (Daniel Finkel)
‫ــــ‬
13.14 TriplePlayPlus! ENGLISH (Syracuse Languag Systems)
‫ــــ‬
14.14 Users' Guides To The Medical Literature (A manual for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice) (Gordon Guyatt, MD, Drummond Rennie, MD, Robert Hayward, MD)
15.14 Learn To Speak English Dictionary & Grammer
16.14 THE LANGUAGE OF MEDICINE (6
TH
1. Word Ports
(Chapters 1-4)
(CD1-4)
‫ــــ‬
2000
EDITION) (W.B. Saunders Company)
2.Body Systems
(Chapter 5-18)
2002
3. Specialties
(Chapter 19-22)
‫ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‬-١٥
CD ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
1.15 1. Reflux Disease and Nissen Fundoplication (Philip E. Donahue, MD) (VCD)
2. Supraceliac Aortic-Celiac Axix-Superior Mesenteric Artery Bypass (Gregorio A. Sicard, Charles B. Anderson)
2.15 Advanced Therapy in THORACIC SURGERY (Kenneth L. Franco, MD, Joe B. Putnam Jr., MD)
3.15 Aesthetic Department
ARTECOLL: Injectable micro-Implant, for long lasting levelling of facial wrinkles and folds
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
4.15
American Collage of Surgeons ACS Surgery Principles & Practice (CDI , II)
5.15
Anesthesia for the Cardiac Patient
6.15
7.15
8.15
Aspects of Electrosurgery (Dr. Anthony C. Easty, PhD PEng CCE) Department Medical Engineering
Atlas of RENAL TRANSPLANTATION (Prof. Legndre, Martin, Helenon, Lebranchu, Halloran, Nochy)
Basic Surgical Skills (David A. Sherris. M.D., Eugene B. Kern, M.D.) (Mayo Clinic)
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
9.15
Cholecystectomy by Laparoscopy (Department of Surgery Hospitalor Saint-Avold France) (VCD)
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
(Christopher A. Troianos)
10.15 Clinical Surgery (Second Edition) (Michael M. Henry, Jeremy N. Thompson)
12.3
2005
(Salekan E-Book)
Core Curriculum in Primary Care Gynecology (Michael, Isaac Schiff, Keith, Thomas, Annekathryn)
11.15 Core Curriculum in Primary Care Gynecology
‫ــــــ‬
(Michael, Isaac Schiff, Keith, Thomas, Annekathryn)
‫ــــــ‬
12.15 Core Curriculum in Primary Care Patient Evaluation for Non-Cardiac Surgery and Gynecology and Urology (Michael K. Rees, MD, MPH)
‫ــــ‬
.‫ ﺑﻨﺎ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Harvard ‫ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻫﺮ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﻫﻴﺌﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬CD ‫ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ‬CCC
‫ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﮔﺰﻳﻨـﻪﺍﻱ‬،‫ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺤﺜﻲ‬.‫ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲﻫﺎ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻭﺭﻭﮊﻱ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‬CD
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﭼﺎﭘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻼﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
Male impotence
‫ ﻋﻘﻴﻤﻲ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﻥ‬-٣
.(AUB) ‫ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺧﻮﻧﺮﻳﺰﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺑﻨﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺭﺣﻢ‬
-٢
‫ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ )ﺑﺠﺰ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻗﻠﺐ( ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ؟‬-١
.‫ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬text ‫ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﺷﻨﻮﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬،‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ‬
13.15 LAPAROTOMY (Royal Society of Medicine in association with Royal College of Surgeons of England) (VCD)
‫ــــ‬
14.15 Lipostructure (Sydncy Coleman, M.D.) (byron) (VCD)
‫ــــ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
70
‫ــــ‬
15.15 LONG-TERM MECHANICAL VENTILATION (Nicholas S. Hill)
16.15 Lower Body Lift (Abdominoplasty) (Lockwood, M. d., Kansas Gity) (VCD) (CD I , II)
‫ــــ‬
17.15 MALAR AUGMINTATION (CLINICAL MIRASIERRA MADRID)
(Ulrich T. Hinderer Dr. Juan L. Del Rio) (VCD)
‫ــــ‬
18.15 Mammary augmention by High-Cohesive Silicon Gel Implant
(Igar Nicchajev, Goran Jurell)
‫ــــ‬
2005
19.15 Mastery of Endoscopic & Laparoscopic Surgery (Second Edition)
20.15 Nail Surgery
A text & Atlas (Edward A. Krull, Elvin G. Zook, Robert Earan, Eckart Haneke)
21.15 NMS Surgery Tutor
‫ــــــ‬
2000
(Dereck Mooney, T. Mack Brown, Cristian Jansenson, Denise Riedlinger)
22.15 Open Repair of Abdominal Wall Hernias Using Prosthetic materials (Arthur I. Gilbert, M.D.)
‫ــــ‬
-Small Bowel Obstrution Immediately Following Laparoscopic Herniorraphy (Karl A. Zucher, MD)
-VJGS Case Study: Laparoscopic Loop Ilestomy for Temporary Fecal Diversion (Steven D. Wexner, Petachia Reissman)
-VJGS Consultants Corner: Managed Care Update, Pt, III (Michael A. Wood)
23.15 Plug Repair for Inguinal Hernias
‫ــــ‬
1- First Case: Inguinal Hernia type "Direct"
25.6 Practical MINOR SURGERY
2- Second Case: Injuinal Hernia type "Indirect"
24.15 Principles of Surgery (Eight Edition) (Schwartz's)
Part1: Basic Considerations
‫ــــ‬
2005
(E-Book) (CD I , II)
Part II: Specific Considerations
25.15 SCHWARTZ'S PRINCIPLES OF SURGERY (8th Edition) (F. Charles Brunicardi, Dana K. Andersen, Timothy R. Billiar) (Salekan e-book) (CD I, II)
26.15 Single Puncture Laparoscopic Technique (Marco Pelosi, MD) (VCD)
‫ــــ‬
27.15 Submitted Subject: Transvaginal Sonographic Assessment of Pelvic Pathology: Preoperative Evaluation
28.15 Surgical Decision Marking
-Surgical Principles and Critical Care
(Frances R. Batzer, MD)
(Mcintyre, Stiegmann, Eiseman)
29.15 SURGERY (John D Corson, Robin CN Willimson)
-Trauma
-Vascular Surgery
-Brast and Endoceine Surgery
-Transplantation Surgery
30.15 Surgery of the Liver & Biliary Tract 3e: Selected Operative Procedures (L.H. BLUMGART, Y. FONG)
-Allied Surgical Specialties
(W.B. Saunders)
-Hepatic Procedures
-Biliary Procedures
-Special Procedures
The
Distal
Splenorenal
Shunt:
Effective
or
Obsolete?
(VIDEO JOURNAL OF GENERAL SURGERY) (Layton Fredrick Rikkers, M.D.) (VCD)
31.15
- Options for Treating Portal Hypertension
-HIPS Advantages
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
(Launching Slide Vision) (Mosby)
-Gastrointestinal surgery
2005
-Ideal Candidates for Distal Splenorenal Shunt
-HIPS Disadvantages
‫ــــ‬
2000
‫ــــ‬
-Components of Distal Splenorenal Shunt Procedure
-Distal Splenorenal Shunt Patency
32.15 The Ileana Pull-through Operative Prpcedure of Ulcerative Colitis: Eliminating the Permanent Ileostomy (Eric W. Fonkalseud, M.D.) (VCD)
‫ــــ‬
33.15 The Massachusetts General Hospital Handbook of Pain Management (Second Edition)
‫ــــ‬
- General Considerations
- Acute Pain
- Diagnosis of Pain
- Chronic Pain
- Therapeutic Options: Pharmacologic Approaches
- Pain Due to Cancer
(Jane Ballantyne, Scott M. Fishman, Salahadin Abdi) (SALEKAN-E-book)
- Therapeutic Options: Nonpharmacologic Approaches
- Special Situations
- Apendices
- Subject Index
34.15 TISSUE ADHESIVES In Wound Care (James V. Quinn, M.D., FACEP)
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
71
35.15 Tolaryngology Surgery for Fronatal Sinus Disease
36.15
Video Journal General Surgery
(Professor & Chairman, Bobby R. Alford, M.D.) (VCD)
‫ــــ‬
(VCD)
1. Reflux Disease and Nissen Fundoplication (Philip E. Donahue, MD)
2. Supraceliac Aortic-Celiac Axis-Superior Mesenteric Artery Bypass
37.15 Video Journal General Surgery
1.
2.
3.
4.
‫ــــ‬
(Gregorio, Leonardo, Brent, Charles)
‫ــــ‬
(VCD)
Open Repair of Abdominal Wall Hernias Using Prosthetic materials (Arthur I. Gilbert, M.D.)
Small Bowel Obstrution Immediately Following Lapatoscopic Herniorraphy (Karl A. Zucker, MD)
Laparoscopic Loop Ileostomy For Temporary Fecal Diversion (Steven D. Wxner, MD, Petachia Reissman, MD)
Consultants Corner: Managed Care Update, Pt, III (Michael A. Wood)
‫ﺟـﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﻼﺳـــﺘﻴﻚ‬
38.15 Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
‫ــــ‬
(Thomas D. Rees)
39.15 Atlas of Liposuction (Tolbert s. Wilkinson, MD)
40.15 Breast-Augmentation with NovagoldTM
2005
‫ــــ‬
(Salekan E-Book)
The PVP-Hydrogel Filled Implant
2004
42.15
‫ــــــ‬
43.15
44.15
45.15
46.15
47.15
48.15
49.15
50.15
51.15
52.15
COMPREHENSIVE FACIAL REJUVENATION
(A practical and systematic guide to surgical
management of the aging face)
41.15 Case Presentations In Plastic Surgery (Christopher Stone, Consultant Plastic Surgeon)
VCD 1: Rhinophyma (9:52) - Alloderm Lip Augmentation (14:04) - Collagen Injection Sequence
VCD 2: Full-Face Jessner’s/35% Trichloroacetic Acid Pell (31:21)
‫ــــ‬
VCD 3: Combined Resurfacing Technique for Aone Scarring (10:18)
Botox Reconstitution and Injection Sequence (20:53) - Carbon Dioxide Laser Resurfacing (8:10)
‫ــــ‬
2000
‫ــــ‬
VCD 4: Postoperative Care of the Chemical Peel Patient (31:21)
VCD 5: Transconjunctival Lower-Lid Blepharoplasty (9:05)
Skin-Muscle Flap Lower-Lid Blepharoplasty with Midface Extension (16:20)
VCD 6: Follicular Transfer Hair Transplantation Session (30:20)
‫ــــ‬
VCD 7: Upper-Lid Blepharoplasty (11:25) - Chin Augmentation with Gore-Tex Alloplast (13:21)
‫ــــ‬
VCD 8: Minimal Incision Brow and Midface Lift (31:02)
‫ــــ‬
VCD 9: Primary Facelift (37:17)
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
VCD 10: Secondary Facelift with Gore-Tex Sling (30:21)
‫ــــ‬
VCD 11: Scalp Reduction Sessions (31:47)
53.15 Facial Rejuvenation Greams, Toxins, Lasers & Surgery (Thomas C Spoor MD, Ronald L Moy MD)
‫ـــــ‬
54.15 FACIAL SURGERY Plastic and Reconstructive
‫ــــ‬
55.15 Fundamental Techniques of Plastic Surgery and their Surgical Applications
(10th Edition) (Alan D McGrergo, Ian A. McGregor)
2000
56.15 Plastic and Reconstructive Breast Surgery (Second Edition) (Volume 1 , 2)
‫ـــــ‬
57.15 Plastic Surgery (Indications, Operations & Outcomes) (Volume five)
‫ــــــ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
(Bahman Gayuran, MD FACS)
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪72‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫)‪58.15 Structural Fat Grafting (Sydney R. Caleman) (E-book & Film‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫‪59.15 Techniques of Cosmetic Eyelid Surgery‬‬
‫)‪A Case Study Approach (Joseph A. Mauriello, Jr‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫)‪(Salekan E-Book‬‬
‫)‪60.15 Tissue Glues in Cosmetic Surgery (RENATO SALTZ, M.D., DEAN M. TORIUMI, M.D.‬‬
‫‪61.15 Transaxillary Augmentation‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪ -١٦‬ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ‪CD‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫‪Burkect's Oral Medicine Diagnosis and Treatment‬‬
‫‪1.16‬‬
‫‪Caratera's Clinical PERIODONTOLOGY 9th Edition‬‬
‫– ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻟﺜﻪ ﻭ ‪PDL‬‬
‫‪2.16‬‬
‫)‪COLOR ATLAS OF Dental Medicine Aesthetic Dentistry (Josef Schnidsedes‬‬
‫‪3.16‬‬
‫‪Color Atlas of Endodontics‬‬
‫‪4.16‬‬
‫‪Contemporary Orthodontics PROFFIT‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻮﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢﻫﺎ ‪ -‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ‪ TMJ‬ﻭ ‪..‬‬
‫‪5.16‬‬
‫‪Craniofacial Development‬‬
‫‪6.16‬‬
‫‪Critical Decisious in Periodoutology‬‬
‫‪7.16‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪Dental Assisting‬‬
‫ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﻱ ‪ -‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻄﺐ ‪ -‬ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻠﻮﺭﺍﻳﺪﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ‪ -‬ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﻭ ‪ Position‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻚ ‪ -‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ‪) Instroment‬ﻗﻠﻢﻫﺎ( ‪ -‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺭﺍﺑﺮﺩﻡ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‬‫ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﻜﺨﺎﻧﻪ ‪ -‬ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺩﻭﻧﺘﺎﻝ ‪ Dessing‬ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺁﻥ‬‫‪Dental Implant System‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻭﻣﻨﺖ ‪ -‬ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻛﺎﺭ ‪ -‬ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ‪ -‬ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ‬
‫‪8.16‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪Dental Implant System Fixed Implant Restorations (ITI Dental Implant System) (VCD‬‬
‫‪10.16‬‬
‫‪Endodontics‬‬
‫‪11.16‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪Endodontics 5th Edition (John I. Ingle, DDS, MSD, Leif K. Bakland, DDS‬‬
‫‪12.16‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪ESSENTIAL OF ORAL MEDICINE (Silverman, Roy Eversole, Truelove‬‬
‫ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻫﺎﻥ ﺳﺮ ﻭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ‪Case‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‬‫ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻓﺎﺭﻣﺎﻛﻮﻣﻮﺭﻋﻲ‬‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬
‫)‪ESTHETIC DENTISTRY 2th Edition (Dennet W. Aschheim, Barry G. Dale‬‬
‫ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ‪-١ :‬ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﺎﺯﻳﺖ ‪ -٢‬ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﻚ‪ -‬ﻣﺘﺎﻝ ‪ -٣‬ﭼﻴﻨﻲ ﻓﻮﻝﻛﺮﺍﻭﻥ ‪ -٤‬ﻭﻳﻨﻴﺮ )‪ -٥ (PFM‬ﺭﺯﻳﻨﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﭼﺴﺒﻨﺪﻩ ‪ -٦‬ﺑﻠﻴﭽﻴﻨﮓ )ﺳﻔﻴﺪﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻥﻫﺎ( ‪ -٧‬ﺍﻳﻤﭙﻠﻨﺖ ﻭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﻫﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬
‫‪13.16‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪Esthetic Implant Dentistry (Daniel Buser, Hans Peter Hirt) (VCD‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ‪Mange‬ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ‬‫‪ Textbook -‬ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺩﻭﻧﺘﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺗﻤﭙﻮﺭﻭﻣﻨﺪﻣﺒﻮﻻﺭ ﻭ ‪ Manage‬ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻴﻚ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻟﺜﻪ ﻧﺮﻣﺎ ‪ -‬ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻟﺜﻪ ﻭ ‪ PPL‬ﻭ ‪...‬‬
‫ﺍﻃﻠﺲ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﻲ‪ -‬ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ‪ -‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺘﺎﻝ ﻛﺮﺍﻭﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺮﺍﻭﻥﻛﺮﺩﻥ‪ -‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﻚ ﻛﺮﺍﻭﻥﻫﺎ‪ -‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ‪ -‬ﻛﺎﻣﭙﺎﺯﻳﺖ ﺍﻓﻴﻠﻪ )ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺐ(‪ – (PFM) -‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻭﻧﻴﺮﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻭﻧﻴﺮﻛﺮﺍﻭﻥ‬
‫ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ‪ -‬ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ‪ - Acsess‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻝ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ‬‫‪ -‬ﺍﺭﺗﻮﺩﻭﻧﺴﻲ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ‪ Textbook -‬ﺍﺭﺗﻮﺩﻭﻧﺴﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ‪ -‬ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﺭﺗﻮﺩﻭﻧﺴﻲ‬
‫)‪(William T. Johnson DDS.MS‬‬
‫ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻝ ﻭ ‪ – ...‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ )‪(Retreatment‬‬‫‪ -‬ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﺭﺗﻮﺩﻭﻧﺴﻲ ‪ -‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺱﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻧﺎﺯﺍﻝ ‪ -‬ﻣﻨﺪﻳﺒﻮﻝ ﻭ ‪...‬‬‫ــــ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺩﻭﻧﺘﺎﻝ ‪ -‬ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ‪ -‬ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻃﺮﺡ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬
‫)‪(Walte R.B.HALL‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺩﻭﻧﺘﻴﻜﺲ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺪﻭﻣﻨﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ – ‪ Shaping - Cleaning‬ﻭ ﺁﺩﺍﭘﺘﻪﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺭﻭﺕﻛﺎﻧﺎﻝ ﻭ ‪...‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫‪9.16‬‬
‫‪14.16‬‬
‫‪15.16‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
‫‪73‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻨﻲ ﺗﻚﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻤﭙﻠﻨﺖ ‪ITI‬‬
‫)‪ESTHETIC IMPLANT DENTISTRY (Daniel A. Bases, Urs.E.Belses‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺍﻳﻤﭙﻠﻨﺖ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﻲ ﺗﻴﺘﺎﻧﻴﻮﻡ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ‪TPS‬‬
‫‪16.16‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﻳﻤﭙﻠﻨﺖ – ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺐ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻳﻤﭙﻠﻨﺖﻫﺎ‪ -‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮﻡ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻤﭙﻠﻨﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫)‪Esthetic in Dentistry (Vol 1- Vol 2‬‬
‫‪17.16‬‬
‫)‪ESTHETICS IN DENTISTRY (Second Edition‬‬
‫‪18.16‬‬
‫‪Glossary of Orthodontic Terms‬‬
‫‪19.16‬‬
‫)‪Guide to Physical Examination (Mosby‬‬
‫‪20.16‬‬
‫‪Implant Medpor Mandibular A method to Restore Skeletal Support to the Lower Face‬‬
‫‪21.16‬‬
‫‪ITI Dental Implant‬‬
‫‪22.16‬‬
‫)‪ITI TE Solution ITI TE Implant (DENTAL IMPLANT SYSTEM) (Daniel Buser) (Disk 1-3‬‬
‫‪23.16‬‬
‫‪Journal of Esthetic & Restorative Dentistry‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎ ‪ -٧‬ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎ ‪ -٨‬ﺑﻠﻴﭽﻴﻨﮓ‬
‫‪24.16‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻛﻠﻮﮊﻱ‬
‫ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻚﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﻲ ‪ -‬ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻥ‬‫ــــ‬
‫‪PRINCIPLES COMMUNICATIONS TREATMENT METHODS‬‬
‫)‪(John Daskalogiannakis‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﺩﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ‪ Case‬ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(Oscar M. Ramirez M.D., F.A.C.S.) (POREX) (VCD‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪(CD I , II , III‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩﺳﺎﺯﻱ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻟﺜﻪ ﻭ ﻓﻚ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﺤﻞ‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺗﺮﻳﺲﻫﺎ ‪ -٢‬ﮊﻭﺭﻧﺎﻝ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻤﻲ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﻚ ﺍﻳﻨﻠﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻠﻪ ‪ -٤‬ﻛﺎﻣﭙﺎﺯﻳﺖ ﺭﺯﻳﻦ ‪ -٥‬ﻛﺎﻣﭙﺎﺯﻳﺖ ﺭﺯﻳﻦ ‪Packable‬‬
‫‪Post -١٠‬‬
‫‪ Crown -١١‬ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﻚ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻲﺣﺴﻲ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻟﺜﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮﻡ‬
‫)‪LINGUAL ORTHODONTICS (Rafi Romano) (TO EXPLORE THE CD-ROM‬‬
‫‪25.16‬‬
‫)‪Local Anesthesia in Dentistry (VCD‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮﻱ ﮔﻮﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ‪ -‬ﺧﻄﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﺩﺍﺕ‬
‫‪26.16‬‬
‫)‪Local Anesthesia in Dentistry (Dr. Markus D. W. Lipp Wolfgang Kelm) (VCD‬‬
‫‪27.16‬‬
‫‪My Orthodontics‬‬
‫‪28.16‬‬
‫)‪Oral & Management Surgery Trauma (Raymond J. Fonseca, Robert, Barry H. Hendler‬‬
‫‪29.16‬‬
‫‪Oral Disease Diagnosis & Treatment‬‬
‫‪30.16‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪-‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ‪ -‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻃﻲ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ‪ -‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻟﻴﻨﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻭ ﺁﺩﺭﺱﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺎﻟﺐ ﺳﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺭﺗﻮﺩﻭﻧﺴﻲ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﻫﺎﻥ ‪ -‬ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﺁﺑﻲ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬‫ــــ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺯﻳﻜﻮﻟﻮﺑﻮﻟﻮﺯ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ Case ٥٠‬ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ‪ -‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺯﺧﻢﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺭﻧﮕﺪﺍﻧﻪﺍﻱ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﻤﺒﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﻛﻴﺴﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻣﻮﺭﻫﺎ‬‫‪Oral Pathology 4th edition‬‬
‫‪31.16‬‬
‫)‪Orthodontics Current Principles and Techniques (Third Edition‬‬
‫‪32.16‬‬
‫‪Orthodontics & Paediatric Dentistry‬‬
‫‪33.16‬‬
‫‪Orthodontics Priociples & Techniques 3th Edition‬‬
‫‪34.16‬‬
‫)‪Pathways of the PMP (8th Edition‬‬
‫‪35.16‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺔ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‬
‫)‪(Thomas M. Graber, Robert L. Vanaradall, Jr.‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻛﻠﻮﮊﻥ ‪Mixed dentition-‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻛﻠﻮﮊﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ‪TMJ‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻮﺩﻭﻧﺴﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ ‪ -‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ‪ TMJ‬ﻭ ﺑﻴﻮﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢﻫﺎ‬‫‪Part III: Related Clinical Topics‬‬
‫‪Part II: The Science of Endodoutics‬‬
‫)‪(James J. Sciubba, DMD, PhD, Joseph A. Regezi, DDS, MS , Roy S. Rogers III, MD‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫‪Part I: The Art of Endodoutics‬‬
‫‪36.16 PDQ ORAL DISEASE Diagnosis and Treatment‬‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
74
37.16
PERIODONTAL MEDICINE (L.F. Rose, R.J.Genco, B.L. Mealey, D.W. Cohen)
38.16
Periodontal Surgery
39.16
Periodontal Surgery Clinical Atlas
40.16
Removal Orthodontics Apliances
41.16
Saunders Dental Assisting (Multimedia Resource) (Second Edition) (Doni L. Bird , Debbie S. Robinson)
42.16
Strauman Dental Implant System (VCD)
43.16
The Center of Education, Teaching and Research for Oral Implant Reconstruction (Prof. Dr. Hns L. Grafelmann) (CD I , II)
- Vertical Load
-Pitt-Easy BIO OSS
-Phase TPS Cylinder Implant
‫ــــ‬
44.16
The Entegra Dental Implant System Entegra Surgical Videos (Robert Schroering)
‫ــــ‬
45.16
The IMZ Implant System (VCD) (Dr. Karl-Ludwing Ackermann, Dr. Axel Kirsch)
‫ــــ‬
46.16
Toothcolored Restoratives
2000
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‬- ‫ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺩﻭﻧﺸﻴﻢ‬- ‫ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻟﺜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺩﻭﻧﺘﺎﻝ ﻛﻮﺭﺗﺎﮊ‬- ‫ ﺣﺬﻑ ﭘﺎﻛﺖ ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺩﻭﻧﺘﺎﻝ‬- ‫ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺩﻭﻧﺘﺎﻝ‬‫ــــ‬
.‫ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻻﺑﺮﺍﺗﻮﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ‬III ‫ ﻭ‬II ‫ ﻭ‬I ‫ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻋﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻼﺱ‬Case ‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺩﻫﻬﺎ‬
2003
‫ ﺍﻳﻤﭙﻠﻨﺖ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﻲ ﻣﺎﮔﺰﻳﻠﺪ‬- ‫ ﭘﻴﻦﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺋﻞ‬- ‫ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻧﺴﺞ ﻧﺮﻡ ﻭ ﺳﺨﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﻤﭙﻠﻨﺖ‬-
(CD I , II)
47.16
‫ ﻭ ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ‬Case ‫ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ‬- ‫ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎ‬TOOTH-COLORED RESTORATIVES Ninth Edition (Principles and Techniques) (Harry F. Albers, DDS)
48.16
Treatment Planning in Dentistry
49.16
Treatment Planning in Dentistry (Stephen Stefanac, D.D.S., M.S.Sam Nesbit, D.D.S., M.S.)
50.16
UCD Implant
‫ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺎﻟﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬-
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ ﻫﻤﺮﻧﮓ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺐ‬-
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
2002
‫ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮﻭﻧﺪﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬Case ‫ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ‬-
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
... ‫ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﭘﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﻭ‬- ‫ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻧﺴﺞ ﻧﺮﻡ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻓﻠﭗ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻧﺴﺞ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ‬- ‫ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻲﺣﺴﻲ‬-
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬:١٧
CD ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
1.17 ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (5 Edition)
th
(Gary A. Thibodeau, Kevin T. Patton)
2.17 BODY WORKS 6.0 A 3D Journey Through The Human Anatomy
3.17 Interactive Physilogy MUSCULAR SYSTEM (A. D. A. M. Benjamin/Cummings) (Marvin J. Branstrom, Ph.D.)
-Anatomy Review: Skeletal Muscle Tissue
-The Neuromuscular Junction
-Sliding Filament Theory
-Muscle Metabolism
-Contraction of Motor Units
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
-Contraction of Whole Musle
4.17 InterActive PHYSIOLOGY Cardiovascular System
5.17
‫ــــ‬
The Heart
Blood Vessels
Anatomy Review: The Heart Intrinsic Conduction System
Cardiac Action Potential
Cardiac Cycle
Cardiac Output
Anatomy Review: Blood
Vessel Structure and Function
Measuring Blood Pressure
Factors that Affect Blood Pressure
Interactive PHYSIOLOGY for Windows Urinary System
Blood Pressure Regulation
Autoregulation and Capillary Dynamics
‫ــــ‬
Version 1.0
‫ﺏ( ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﺧﻮﻧﻲ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
‫ ﺍﻟﻒ( ﻗﻠﺐ‬.‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﺠﺰﺍ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
75
‫ ﺧـﻮﺩﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻲ ﻭ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴـﻚ‬،‫ ﺗﻨﻈـﻴﻢ ﻓﺸـﺎﺭ ﺧـﻮﻥ‬،‫ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣـﺆﺛﺮ ﺑـﺮﺭﻭﻱ ﻓﺸـﺎﺭ ﺧـﻮﻥ‬،‫ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ‬،‫ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﺧﻮﻧﻲ‬:‫ ﺏ( ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﺧﻮﻧﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬.‫ ﭼﺮﺧﺔ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻭﻥﺩﻩ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ‬،‫ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ‬،‫ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺘﻲ ﻗﻠﺐ‬،‫ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻗﻠﺐ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﻗﻠﺐ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬
.‫ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻳﻚ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﻭﺍﮊﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮﹰﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬CD ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﺋﻮﺱ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬.‫ﻣﻮﻳﺮﮒﻫﺎ‬
.‫ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﭼﻨﺪ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺳﺦﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺎﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻧﮓ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬،‫( ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻓﻮﻕ‬Quiz) ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻥ‬
Interactive Physiology RESPIRATORY SYSTEM (A. D. A. M. Benjamin/Cummings) (Andrea K. Salmi)
-Anatomy Reviw: Respiratory Structures
-Pulmonary Ventilation
-Gas Exchange
-Gas Transport
7.17 MedWorks Anatomy & Physilogy
6.17
Anatomy Y Physiology:
Overview
The Endocrine System
The Sensory Organs
-Control of Respiration
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
Cells and Tissues
The Integumentary System
Body Chemistry
The Skeletal System
The Muscula System
Cardiovascular System: The
Blood
Somatic and Autonomic
Systems
Cardiovascular System, The
Heart
The Peripheral Nervous
Systems
Lymphatic and Immune
System
The Respiratory System The Digestive System
Inheritance
The central Nervous
System
The Nervous System
Organization
The Urinary System
The Reproductive
System
.‫ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‬Medwork ‫ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﻳﺮﻛﺘﻮﺭﻱ‬Setup.exe ‫ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ‬،‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ‬
Panorama of Anatomy & Physiology Structure & Function of the Body (Eleven Edition) (Gary A. Thibodeau, Kevin T. Patton)
(Thime)
9.17 Range of Motion-AO Neutral-0 Method Measurement and Documentation
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
8.17
10.17 The Interactive Skeleton Tutorial
1. Head
2. Spine
(Dr. peter Abrahams of cambridger University, UK.)
3. Ribs
4. Upper Limb
‫ــــــ‬
5. Lower Limb
11.17 World of SPORT examined
12.17 Interactive Guide to Human Neuroanatomy
Atlas: -Surface Anatomy of Brain
Exam:I -Surface Anatomy of the Brain
‫ــــ‬
2002
(Mark F. Bear, Barry W. Connors, Michael A. Paradiso)
-Cross-Sectional Anatomy of Brain
-Cross-Sectional Anatomy of the Brain
-The Spinal Cord -The Anatomy Nervous System
-Comprehensive Exam
-The Cranial Nerves -The Blood Supply to the Brain
2002
13.17 Sobotta (Atlas of Human Anatomy) (Urban & Schwarzenbery)
1. General Anatomy
2. Head and neck
3. Upper Limb
4. Brain and Spine Cord
Past (‫ ﺍﺟـﺮﺍ ﺷـﺪﻩ‬Setup ‫ )ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻱ ﻛـﻪ‬C:\Urban ‫ ﺭﺍ ﻛﭙﻲ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬Sobotta 1.5Crack
5. Eye
6. Ear
7. Thoracic and Abdominal Wall
8. Thoracic Oegans
9. Lower Limb
‫ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ‬Crack ‫ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﺍﻳﺮﻛﺘﻮﺭﻱ‬،‫ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﻤﺎﻡ‬.‫ ﺁﺑﻲﺭﻧﮓ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬Setup ، English ‫ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻳﺮﻛﺘﻮﺭﻱ‬:‫( ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻧﺼﺐ‬
.‫ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬
14.17 Student Companion CD-ROM for Principles of Anatomy & Physiology (Tenth Edition) (John Willey & Sons, INC.)
15.17
Gray's Anatomy The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice (Thirty-Ninth Edition) (Susan Standring) (CD I , II) (Salekan E-Book)
2003
2005
‫ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎﺭﻱ‬:١٨
CD ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
1.18
2.18
3.18
4.18
5.18
6.18
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
The Oncology Nursing Society presents THE ADVANCED PRACTICE ONCOLOGY NURSING REVIEW
Textbook of MEDICAL SURGUCAL NURSING (Ninth Edition) (Katherine H. Dimmock) Student Self Study Disk to Accompany BRUNNER & SUDDARTH'S
Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)
Wongs ESSENTIALS OF Pediatric Nursing (Mosby) A Harcoun Health Sciences Company
Maternal, Neonatal and Women's Health Nursing
By Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning
Nursing Care of Infants and Children (Seven Edition)
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
2000
2001
2002
2003
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
76
- Childre, Their Families, and the Nurse
- Assessment of the Child and Family
- Family-Centered Care of the Newborn
- Family-Centered Care of the Infant
- Family-Centered Care of the Young Child - Family-Centered Care of the School-Age Child
- Family-Centered Care of the Adolescent
- Family-Centered Care of the Child with Special Needs
- The Child who is Hospitalized
- The Child with Problems Related to Transfer of Oxygen and Nutrients
- The Child with Disturbance of Fluid and Electrolytes
- The Child with Problems Related to Production & Circulation of Blood
- The Child with Disturbance of Regulatory Mechanisms
- The Child With a Problem that Interfers with Physical Mobility
McMinn's Interactive Clinical Anatomy
8.18 INRERACTIVE ATLAS OF CLINICAL ANATOMY (Illustrations by Frank H. Netter, M.D.)
7.18
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ‬-١٩
CD ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
1.19 A Manual of ACUPUNCTURE (Peter Deadman & Mazin Al-Khafaji with Kevin baker)
2.19 BACK STABILITY
Christopher M. Norris, MSc, MCSP, Director, Norris Associates, Manchester, UK)
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
(Salekan E-Book)
3.19 Chiropractic Pediatrics A Clinical Handbook (Neil J. Davies, Jennifer R. Jamison)
4.19 Chiropractic Peripheral Joint Technique
5.19
6.19
7.19
8.19
9.19
(Raymond T. Broome)
Chronic Pain Management for Physical Therapists (Second Edition) (Harriet Wittink, Theresa Hoskins Michel)
Clinical Tests for the Musculoskeletal System (Klaus Buckup, KlinikumDortmund Orthopaedic Hospital Dortmund Germany) (Salekan E-Book)
Daniels and Worthingham's MUSCLE TESTING Techniques of Manual Examination
DIET & FITNESS
DIGITAL SHIATSU
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
2004
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
:‫ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٦ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ‬
‫ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎ‬-
‫ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺎﺳﺎﮊ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬-
‫ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ‬-
(therapies) ‫ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﻣﺎﺳﺎﮊ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬-
(self- shiatsu) ‫ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﺎﺳﺎﮊ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬-
(total body) ‫ ﻣﺎﺳﺎﮊ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﻥ‬-
.‫ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻃﺮﺡﻭﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﺳﺎﮊ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﺎﺳﺎﮊ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻦ ﭼﺎﭘﻲ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‬-١
.‫ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﺎﺳﺎﮊ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬-٢
(... ‫ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﮕﻲ ﻭ ﻛﺮﺍﻣﭗ ﭘﺎ ﻭ‬، ‫ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﮔﻲ‬، ‫ ﺍﺳﻬﺎﻝ‬، ‫ ﻳﺎﺋﺴﮕﻲ‬، ‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻮﻱ‬، ‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻛﺒﺪﻱ‬، ‫ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺩﻣﺎﻍ‬،‫ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺯﻳﺖ‬،‫ ﺩﺭﺩ ﻗﻔﺴﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ ﻓﻠﺞ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬،‫ ﺁﺭﺗﺮﻳﻮﺍﺳﻜﻠﺮﻭﺯ‬: ‫ ) ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬.‫ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٢٢ ‫ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﻣﺎﺳﺎﮊ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ‬-٣
‫ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Namikoshi ‫ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻣﺎﺳﺎﮊ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﻛﻼﺳﻴﻚ ﺁﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ ﻣﺘﺪ‬-٤
.‫ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﮊﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻠﻴﻚ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪ‬-٥
.‫ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‬Autorun ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬
.‫ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‬program ‫ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ‬Lifestyle softuare Group ‫ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ‬،‫ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻛﻠﻴﻚ ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‬Setup.exe ‫ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺁﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬:‫( ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻧﺼﺐ‬
.‫ ﻛﻠﻴﻚ ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﺪ‬install.exe ‫ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺁﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬.‫ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ‬Desktop ‫ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﻔﺎﺭﺷﻲ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬Jurassic Park Entertainment ‫ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ‬CD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
10.19 EXERCISE THERAPY PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF DISEASE
2005
___
( John Gormley and Juliette Hussey)
(
11.19 Fibromyalgia Syndrome Bodywork Management Strategies
٥ ‫ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﺒﺮﻭﻣﻴﺎﻟﮋﻳﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﭘﺮﻭﺳﻪ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺪﻳﻦﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ‬.‫ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﺔ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Leon Chitow ‫ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺘﺐ‬CD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕﻫﺎﻱ ﻟﻤﺲ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
Assessment Methodes
- Manual Thermal Diagnosis
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
- Skin on Fascia Adherence
- Hyperalgesic Skin Zones reduced Skin elasticity
- Drag palpation for increased hydrosis
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
- Neuro muscular Technique Evaluation (NMT)
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
77
12.19 Fundamentale of Sensation ad Perception
(3rd Edition) (M.W. Levine)
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:‫ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬١٦ ‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬CD ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
Introduction and instructions
Afterimages
Depth from motion of random dots
Traveling waves on the basilar
membrane
Gnglion Cells responding to light
Threshold experiment or Signal Detection
Brain anatomy, Blink Suppression, or Cortical
Cell responses
Optical IIIusions and Constancies
Motion demonstrations
Retinal Cells responding to light
Demonstratuins of Fourier
components
Color mixing or Opponent cells
Pitch and Loudness of tones
Speech sounds of Mystery phrase
Muscle spindle feedback
Mechanics of the middle and inner ear
Taste-influenced by vision
Motions from form of Impossible figures
13.19 Health & Fitness (DataSel Software, Inc)
1. Getting Started 2. The Exercise Demonstration Screen 3. Strength 4. Stretch
Specializations of the Vertebrate eye
Cortical columns or Equiluminant demos
5. Equipment
6. Muscles
7. Workouts
8. Setup
9. Technical Support
14.19 Hysical Agents in Rehabiliation from Research to practice (Michelle H. Cameron)
15.19 Interactive Atlas of Human Anatomy
16.19 Introduction to Massage Therapy (Mary Beth Braum, Steplianic Simonsoon) (Salekan E-Book)
17.19 Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal Foundations for Physical Rehabilitation
(Donald A. Neumann.PT.PHD)
18.19 Maintaining Body Balance Flexibility and Stability A Practical Guide to the Prevention and Treatment of Musculoskeletal Pain and Dysfunction (Leon Chaitow ND DO, Douglas C. Lewis ND)
19.19 MANIPULATION OF THE SPINE, THORAX AND PELVIS An Osteopatic Perspective (Peter Gibbons, Philip Tehan)
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2005
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:‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺫﻳﻞ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ ﻓﻘﺴﺔ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ ﻭ ﻟﮕﻦ ﺧﺎﺻﺮﻩ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻧﻲ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬manipulation ‫ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺔ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ ﻭ‬٣٤ ‫ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻭﻝ‬: HVLA thrust techniques-spine and thorax
- Cervical and cervicothoracie spine
-Thoracic spine and rib cage
-Lumbar and thora Columbar spine
‫ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ‬: HVLA thrust techniques-pelvis
.‫ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬Autorun ‫ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬CD ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬manipulafion ‫ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﻭ‬،‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ‬
20.19 Massage Therapy Review
(interactive Edition) (Mosby)
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‫ـــــ‬
21.19 Medical Acupuncture (A Western scientific approach) (Jacqueline Filshie)
22.19 Men's Health GET RID OF THAT GUT
STAGE 1: BEGINNERS LEVEL
STAGE 2: INTERMEDIATE LEVEL
23.19 Modern Neuromuscular Techniques
24.19 MUSCLE ENERGY TECHNIQUES
STAGE 3: ADVANCED LEVEL
2003
(Leon Chaitow)
2001
ADVANCED SOFT TISSUE TECHNIQUES (Second Edition)
.‫ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮﺋﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬٣٠ ‫ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ‬٨ ‫ ﻟﺌﻮﻥ ﭼﻴﺘﻮ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ‬Muscle Energy Techniques ‫ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬CD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻱ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺮﺍﭘﻴﺴﺖ ﺑـﺎ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬.‫ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻘﺒﺎﺽ ﺍﺭﺍﺩﻱ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪﺕﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬MET
:‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‬.‫ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﻥ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻬﺎﺭ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬Reciprocal inhibtion ‫ ﻳﺎ‬isometric Relaxation
‫ ﮔﻴﺮﺍﻓﺘـﺎﺩﮔﻲ ﻣﻨﻴﺴـﻚ ﻭ ﻋـﺪﻡ ﺗﻄـﺎﺑﻖ ﻛﺎﻣـﻞ ﺳـﻄﻮﺡ ﻣﻔﺼـﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺁﺭﺗﺮﻳﺖ‬،‫ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺩﻡ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻲ‬،‫ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﭼﺴﺒﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺐ ﺍﺣﺘﻘﺎﻥ ﻭﺭﻳﺪﻱ‬،‫ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﺣﺘﻘﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺭﻳﺪﻱ‬،‫ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ‬،‫ﻛﺸﺶ ﻋﻀﻼﺕ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺳﭙﺎﺳﺘﻴﻚ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ‬
Post
25.19 Muscles (Testing and Function with Posture and Pain)
26.19 Myofascial Release Techniques
(John F. Barnes, PT) (VCD I , II)
27.19 Occupational Therapy for Physical Dysfunction (Fifth Edition) (Catherine A. Trombly, Mary Vining Radomski)
28.19 Orthopaedics for Nurses (John Ebnezar) (Salekan E-Book)
29.19 Orthopedic Massage Theory and Technique (Whitney Lowe Leon Chaitow)
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
2005
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
2003
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
78
30.19 Palpation Skill in Assessment and Tr eatment Fibromyalgia Syndrome (Leon Chaitow)
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31.19 Physical Education and the Study of Sport (Bob Davis, Ros Bull, Jan Roscoe, Dennis Roscoe) (Mosby)
‫ــــــ‬
1- Physical Education and the Study of Sport
2- Synoptic Questions Harcourt Health Sciences
3- The Project Personal Performance Profile
32.19 Physical Rehabilitatioon of the Injured Athlete 3
Edition (James R. Andrews, Gary I., Harrison, Kevin) (Salekan E-Book)
33.19 Physiotherapy for Respiratory & Cardiac Problems Adults & Paediatrics (Jennifer A. Pryor, S. Ammani Prasad)
2004
34.19 Physiotherapy in Obstetrics & Gynaecology
‫ــــــ‬
rd
35.19 Positional Release Techniques
(Second Edition) (Jill Mantle, Jeanette Haslamk Sue Barton) (Second Edition)
ADVANCED SOFT TISSUE TECHNIQUES (Leon Chaitow) (Harcourt) (Second Edition)
‫ــــــ‬
.‫ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻭﻳﺪﺋﻮﺋﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬٣١ ‫ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ‬١٢ ‫ ﻟﺌﻮﻥ ﭼﻴﺘﻮ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ‬Positional Release ‫ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬CD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﻤﺒﻨﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻟﻤﺲ ﻫﺎﻳﭙﺮﺗﻮﻥ ﻳﺎ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺁﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﻤﺒﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺣﺖﺗﺮﻥ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻳﻜﻪ ﺑﻪ‬Positional Release
.‫ ﻟﺬﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﻣﺎﺳﻜﻠﻮﺍﺳﻜﻠﺘﺎﻝ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﺳﭙﺎﺳﻢ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﻤﺒﻨﺪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺩﺭﺩﻧﺎﻙ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
Spontaneous Positional relese variations
The evolution of dysfunction
Unloading and Proprioceptive taping
Modified strain/counterstrain technique
Learning SCS
SCS for muscle pain (plus INTT and self-treatment)
Goodheart and Morrison's Positional release variations and lift techniques
SCS (and SCS variations) in hospital settings
The Mulligan concept: NAGs, SNAGs, MWMs, etc.
Functional technique
Facilitated Positional release (FPR)
Cranial and TMJ Positional release methods
36.19 Power Touch
‫ــــــ‬
37.19 Principles & Pracice of Sport Management (Second Edition) (Lisa Pike Masteralexis, Carol A. Barr, BS, Mary A. Hums)
38.19 Principles of Manual Therapy (A Manual Therapy Approach to Musculoskeletal Dyslimction) (Salekan E-Book)
2005
2005
39.19 Rehabilitation for the Postsurgical orthopedic patient
‫ــــــ‬
40.19 Running Biomechanics & Exercise Physiology Applied in Practice (Frans Bosch & Ronald Klomp)
‫ــــــ‬
41.19 Surface and Living Anatomy
2002
(Gordon Joslin SOtJ)
.‫ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﻦﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﺎﺭﻛﺮﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻨﺪ‬.‫ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬٢٢٦ ‫ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺳﻄﺤﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺪﺍﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬CD ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
42.19 The Back Pain Revolution
(Gordon Waddell)
‫ــــــ‬
43.19 The Complete Acupuncture
‫ــــــ‬
44.19 The Principles of Harmonic Techniques
‫ــــــ‬
(Eyal Lederman) (VCD)
‫ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻲ ﻳﻚ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎ‬.‫ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪ‬Eyal Lederman ‫ﻫﺎﺭﻣﻮﻧﻴﻚ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺎﻧﻮﺍﻝ )ﺩﺳﺘﻲ( ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ‬
:‫ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬٤ ‫ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ‬CD ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ﻭ ﺗﻮﺩﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺭﺯﻭﻧﺎﻧﺲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺮﻑ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﻱ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‬
1- The Principles of Harmonic Technique
2- The Principles of Harmonic Technique Using Thoracic Mass Oscillations
45.19 Therapeutic Exercise (Foundations and Techniques)
46.19
3- The Principles of Harmonic Technique Using Pelvic Mass Oscillations
4- The Principles of harmonic Technique Using Appendicular Oscillations
(4th Edition) (Carolyn Kisner, MS, PT, Lynn Allen Colby, MS, PT)
Therapeutic Exercise for Lumbopelvic Stabilization A motor Control Approach for the Treatment and Prevention of low back pain
(Second Edition) (Carolyn Richardson, Paul W. Hodges, Julie Hides) (Salekan E-Book)
47.19 Tidy's Physiotherapy (Stuart B.Porter) (13th edition)
48.19 YOGA for YOU (Anatomy)
‫ــــ‬
2004
2003
‫ــــ‬
‫ ﺍﻭﺭﮊﺍﻧﺲ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻬﻮﺷﻲ‬:٢٠
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
79
CD ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
1.20
A manual of Acupuncture (Peter Deadman& Mazin Al-Khafaji, With Kevin Baker)
2.20
Advanced Pediatric Life Support: The Critical First Hour CPR and ACLS Review (David G. Nichols, MD)
‫ــــــ‬
:‫ ﺭﻳﻮﻱ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﻴﻦ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬-‫ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ــــــ‬
1: Initial Evaluation, 2: Airway Management, 3: Epiglottitis and Gidup, 4: Respiratory Failure, 5: Advanced Pediatric CPR, 6: Resuscitative Drugs
3.20
4.20
American College of Surgons ACS Surgery Principles & Pracitce (CD I , II)
ANESTHESIA (Ronald D. Miller, MD) (Fifth Edition)
(E-Book)
Anesthesiology (The Journal of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc) Abstracts of Scientific Papers
Anesthesiology (The Journal of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc) Abstracts of Scientific Papers
7.20 Anesthesiologist's manual of Surgical Procedures
.‫ )ﻭﻳﺰﻳﺖ( ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺑﻴﻬﻮﺷﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻴﻬﻮﺷﻲ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Preob ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ‬
5.20
6.20
8.20
9.20
2004
2000
2002
2000
2004
Atlas of Interventional Pain Managemetn (Steven D. Waldman)
‫ــــــ‬
Bonica's Management of Pain (John D. Loser, M.D.) (3th Edition)
‫ــــــ‬
10.20 CHINA ZHENJIUOLOGY
(VCD) (VCD 1 – 30)
.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬... ‫( ﻭ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ‬... ‫ ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻃﺐ ﺳﻮﺯﻧﻲ ﻭ‬،‫ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻜﺎﻝ )ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﻱ‬،‫ ﺣﺠﺎﻣﺖ‬،‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﺗﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻃﺐ ﺳﻮﺯﻧﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺟﻨﺒﻲ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ‬
‫ـــــ‬
11.20 Clinical Procedures in EMERGENCY MEDICINE (4th Edition) (James R. Roberts, MD, Jerris R. Hedges, MD, MS) (E-Book) (CD I, II)
12.20 Critical Care Handbook of the Massachusetts general hospital (3th edition) (William E. Hurford)
2004
13.20 Critical Care Secrets
‫ــــــ‬
(Third Edition) (Pollye, parsons, jeantne p. wiener-kronish)
14.20 Decision Making in ANESTHESIOLOGY An Algorithmic Approach (Lois L. Bready, Rhonda
15.20 Emergency Medical Training (MedEMT) Victory Technology, Inc. Presents (DISC ONE, TWO)
M. Mullins)
‫ــــــ‬
MedEMT Overview
Emergency Medical Services (EMS)
The Well-Being of the EMT-Basic
Anatomy and Physiology-Part 1
Anatomy and Physology-Part 2
Medical Terminology
Vital Signs and SAMPLE History
Lifting and Moving Patients
Airway Management
Patient Assessment
Trauma
Infants and Children
Medical and Behaval Care I
Medical and Behavioral Care II
Obstetric and Gynecological Care
Operations
Appendix A: Video/Animation List
Appendix B: Victory Products
16.20 EMERGENCY MEDICINE A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE (Rosen's ) (Volume 1-3) (Sixth Edition) (Judith E. Tintinall, MD, MS)
17.20 EMT-Basic Slide Set Slide Program Guide (John A. Stouffer, EMT-P, Richard S. Bennett, RN, EMT-P, BSN) (Mosby)
18.20 Halperin & Goldstein
‫ــــــ‬
Fluid, Electrolyte, & Acid-Base Physiology (A Problem-Based Approack) (Mitchell L. Hlperin, Marc B. goldstein)
.‫ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻟﻴﺘﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺺﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﻭ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﺭﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
2006
‫ــــــ‬
‫ـــــ‬
19.20 Intensive Care Medicine (Irwin & Rippe) (Vol A,B)
‫ـــــ‬
11.20 Interactive Regional Anesthesia
‫ــــــ‬
12.20 Medical Acupuncture
‫ــــــ‬
A western scientific approach (Jacqueline Filshie, Adrian White)
13.20 Miller's Anesthesia (Vol I & II) (Salekan E-book)
2005
SECTION I: INTRODUCTION
SECTION II: SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES
SECTION III: ANESTHESIA
VOLUME 2
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
80
SECTION IV: SUB SPECIAL TV
SECTION V: CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
SECTION VI: ANCILLARY
RESPONSIBILITIES AND PROBLEMS
COMPANION VIDEO CD-ROM
Video 1 Patient Positioning in Anesthesia
Video 2 Code Blue Simulation
48.9
2002
New Analgesic Options: Overcoming Obstacles to Pain Relief
- MD, NP, PA, RN Answer Sheet
-Pharmacist Answer Sheet
-Back Pain
-Fibromyalgia
-OA Pain
-Post Op Pain
-Trauma
-References
14.20 NEW YORK SCHOOL OF REGIONAL ANESTHESIA PERIPHERAL NERVE BLOCKS PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE
2004
20.20 PERIPHERAL NERVE BLOCKS Principles & Practice (Admir Hadzic, Jerry D. Vloka)
21.20 Peripheral Regional Anaesthesia Tutorial in the Ulm Rehabilitation hospital (Prof. Dr. Med. H. Mehrkens)
(VCD) (CD I , II)
1. Anatomical Fundamentals
2. Peripheral Neve Stimulation
3. Regional Anaesthesia
4. Upper, Lower Extremity
5. Peripheral Neve Blocks 6. Peripheral Neve Blocks
15.20 Textbook of CRITICAL CARE (Salekan E-book)
SECTION I RESUSCITATION AND MEDICAL EMERGENCIES
SECTION II TRAUMA
SECTION III IMAGING
SECTION IV CELL INJURY AND CELL DEATH
SECTION V INFECTIONS DISEASE
SECTION VI ENDOCTINOLOGY, METABOLISM, NUTRITION, PHARMACOLOGY
SECTION VII CARDIOVASCULAR
SECTION VIII PULMONARY
22.20 The American Academy of Pediatric (David G. Nichols, MD Associate Professor of Anesthesiology and Clinical Care Medicine)
2004
-TRAINING IN PERIPHERAL NERVE BLOCKS - ESSENTIAL REGIONAL ANESTHESIA ANATOMY -EQUIPMENT AND PATIENT MONITORING IN REGIONAL ANESTHESIA
-PERIPHERAL NERVE STIMULATORS AND NERVE STIMULATION
-CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY OF LOCAL ANESTHETICS
-NEUROLOGIC COMPLICATIONS OF PERIPHERAL NERVE BLOCKS
-KEYS TO SUCCESS WITH PERIPHERAL NERVE BLOCKS -CERVICAL PLEXUS BLOCK
-INTERSCALENE BRACHIAL PLEXUS BLOCK
-INFRACLAVICULAR BRACHIAL PLEXUS BLOCK
-AXILLARY BRACHIAL PLEXUS BLOCK
-INTRAVENOUS REGIONAL BLOCK OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY
-CUTANEOUS NERVE BLOCKS OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY -THORACIC PARAVERTEBRAL BLOCK
-THORACOLUMBAR PARAVERTEBRAL BLOCK
-LUMBAR PLEXUS BLOCK
- SCIATIC BLOCK: POSTERIOR APPROACH 234
-SCIATIC BLOCK: ANTERIOR APPROACH 252
-FEMORAL NERVE BLOCK
-POPLITEAL BLOCK: INTERTENDINOUS APPROACH
-POPLITEAL BLOCK: LATERAL APPROACH
-ANKLE BLOCK
- WRIST BLOCK
-CUTANEOUS NERVE BLOCKS OF THE LOWER EXTERMITY
-DIGITAL BLOCK
-Intitial Steps in Resuscitation -Ventilating the Infant
16.20 The ICU Book (Second Edition) (Paul L. Marino)
-Chest Compressions
23.20 The Lipponcott-Raven Interactive Anesthesia Library on CD-ROM
24.20 The Massachusetts General Hospital Handbook of Pain Management
-Endotracheal Intubaion
‫ـــــ‬
2005
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــــ‬
(Version 2.0) (Paul G. Barash, MD)
(Salekan E-Book)
‫ـــــ‬
‫ـــــ‬
‫ ﺳـﺮﻭﻛﺎﺭ‬،‫ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻲ ﺭﺍﺣﺖ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﻤـﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﺩﻣﻨـﺪ‬Poacet guide ‫ ﺍﺯ‬Edition ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬،‫ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‬Mass.Gen ‫ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺩﺭﺩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ‬CD ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﻣﺰﻣﻦ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺩ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬،‫ ﻣﻮﺍﻟﻴﺘﻪﺍﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭﺩ ﺍﻋﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﺩ‬CD ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﺩﺭﺩ‬.‫ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬
.‫ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬‫ﺩﺭﺩ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬‫ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻼﺕ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻓﺎﺭﻣﺎﺳﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺭﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮ‬‫ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻼﺕ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ‬:‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫؛ ﺍﻭﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬٢١
CD ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
1.21 Adult and Pediatric Urology
Adult Urology
(Jay Y. Gillenwater, john T. Grayhack, Stuart S. Howards, Michael E. Mitchell)
Adult Urology Continued
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
Pediatric Urology
2002
Video Library
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪81‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬
‫)‪2.21 Advanced Therapy of Prostate Disease (Martin I. Resnick, MD, Ian M. Thompson, MD‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ‪ ٦٤٨‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ‪ Acrobat reader‬ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻓﺮﺍﻧﺲﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺕ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺭﻓﺮﺍﻧﺲﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺕ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ ٧١‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ‪ ٦-١‬ﺍﭘﻴﺪﻣﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮ ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺕ ﺷـﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﺼـﻞ ‪ -٧‬ﺍﻟﮕـﻮﺭﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺭﺯﻳـﺎﺑﻲ ﺧﻄـﺮ ﭘﺮﻭﺳـﺘﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻧﺴـﺮ ﺷـﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﺼـﻞ ‪ -٨‬ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭﻫـﺎﻱ ﻣﻠﻜـﻮﻟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳـﺎﺑﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺴـﺮ ﭘﺮﻭﺳـﺘﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻓﺼـﻮﻝ ‪ ١٢‬ﻭ ‪ ١١‬ﻭ ‪ -٩‬ﻏﺮﺑـﺎﻟﮕﺮﻱ ﻛﺎﻧﺴـﺮ ﭘﺮﻭﺳـﺘﺎﺕ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١٠‬ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ‪ -١٣-١٦‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﺔ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﺔ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮ ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١٧-١٨‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ‪ staging‬ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮ ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪-١٩‬ﺁﻣﺎﺩﮔﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‪ :‬ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻜﺎﻝ ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺗﻜﺘﻮﻣﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ٢٠‬ﻭ ‪ ٢١‬ﻭ ‪Stage -٢٢‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‪ -٢٩-٢٤ .Radical Perianal Prostatectomy -٢٣ .‬ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ‪ Brachy therapy ،‬ﻭ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻧﺎﻝﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ﻭ ﻛﺮﺍﻳﺮﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺕ ‪ -٣٩-٣٠‬ﺩﺭ ﻫـﺮ ﻓﺼـﻞ ‪(TNM) Staging‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ -٤٠-٤٣‬ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻞ ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺗﻜﺘﻮﻣﻲ ﺑﺎ ‪ PSA‬ﻭ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻥﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ﻭ ‪ -٤٤ ...‬ﺍﺳﻔﻨﻜﺘﺮ ‪ genitourinary‬ﺁﺭﺗﻴﻔﻴﺸﺘﺎﻝ ‪ -٤٥‬ﻛﻼﮊﻥﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻲﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣـﻲ ﭘﺮﻭﺳـﺘﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ -٤٦-٤٧‬ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ‪ erction‬ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺭﻛﺘﺎﻝ ‪ -٥٠-٤٨‬ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺩ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻴﻤﻲﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ‪ -٥١‬ﻧﮕﺮﺵ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺭﻣﻮﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ‪ -٥٢-٥٣ . BPH‬ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺍﻭﺭﻭﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺍﺑﻨﺮﻣﺎﻟﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ -٥٤ .‬ﭘـﺎﺗﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺍﻧﺴـﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺠـﺮﺍﻱ ﺧﺮﻭﺟـﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺩﺭ ‪ -٥٥ Voding‬ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪﺕ ‪ :BPH -٥٦ BPH‬ﻛﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ؟ ‪ -٥٧-٥٨‬ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ‪ /‬ﺁﻣﺎﺩﮔﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ‪ -٥٩ BPH‬ﻣﻬﺎﺭﻛﻨﻨـﺪﻩﻫـﺎﻱ ‪ 5α‬ﺭﺩﻭﻛﺘـﺎﺯ ‪ -٦٠-٦٦‬ﺭﻭﺵﻫـﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠـﻒ‬
‫ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺭ ‪ BPH‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ )ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﺍﻭﺭﺗﺮﺍﻝ ‪ ،needle Ablation‬ﻟﻴﺰﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ‪ TUIP ،TUFP ،‬ﻭ ﻓﻴﺘﻮﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ﻭ ‪ open‬ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺗﻜﺘﻮﻣﻲ(‪ -٦٧-٧١ .‬ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺕ‪ :‬ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺮﻭﮔﻨﻮﺯ ﻭ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫___‬
‫)‪(Male Reproductive Health and Dysfunction) (2nd Edition‬‬
‫‪2005‬‬
‫)‪(ESE Hafez and SD Hafez‬‬
‫‪3.21 ANDROLOGY‬‬
‫‪4.21 Atlas of Clinical Andrology‬‬
‫‪5.21 AUA Vide Digest The American Urogical association (AUA) Impotence and Infertility‬‬
‫ـــــ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻱ ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺍﻭﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ )‪ (AUA video digest‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ‪ Impotence‬ﻭ ‪ Infertilitey‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﻭﻝ ‪ :Impotence‬ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻧﺸﺎﻥﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﺳﺎﺗﻴﺪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪(Diagnosis8 treatment option) .‬‬
‫ﺏ( ‪ :Penile Venous Ligation‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻴﻠﻢ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ :Rectal Probe Electroejaculation :Infertiliry‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪ ejaculation‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑـﺎ ﻓـﻴﻠﻢ ﻧﺸـﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳـﭙﺲ ﻃﺮﻳﻘـﻪ ﺍﻧﺠـﺎﻡ‬
‫ﭘﺮﻭﺏﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ‪ ejaculation‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪2004‬‬
‫)‪(SALEKAN E-BOOK‬‬
‫)‪(Jonathan I. Epstein, M.D., Mahul B. Amin, M.D., Victor E. Reuter, M.D.‬‬
‫‪6.21 BLADDER BIOPSY INTERPRETATIONS‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪Papillary Urothelial Neoplasms with Inverted Growth‬‬
‫‪Patterns‬‬
‫‪Flat Urothelial Lesions‬‬
‫‪Conventional Morphologic, Prognostic, and Predictive Factors and Reporting of‬‬
‫‪Bladder Cancer‬‬
‫‪Cystitis‬‬
‫‪Second ary Tumors of the Bladder‬‬
‫‪Glandular Lesions‬‬
‫‪Mesenchymal Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪Normal Blodder Anatomy and Variants of Normal‬‬
‫‪histology‬‬
‫‪Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma‬‬
‫‪Squamous Lesions‬‬
‫‪Miscellaneous Nontumors and Tumors‬‬
‫)‪Bristol Urological Institute (Computer Aided Learning Program‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﺔ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﻈﻲ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺍﻭﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻫﺮ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻭ ﻛﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻓﻬﻤﻴﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺍﻭﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ‪ ٤‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻭﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
‫‪impotence -٢‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻱ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﻫﻤﺎﺗﻮﺭﻱ‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﻋﻘﻴﻤﻲ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﻥ ‪ -٧‬ﺳﻨﮓﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻮﻱ‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﺑﻲﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭ‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺍﺳﻜﺮﻭﺗﻮﻡ‬
‫‪7.21‬‬
‫‪ -١٠‬ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮ ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ -٢ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻓﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ -٣ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻫﺮ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻔﺤﻪﺍﻱ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ‪٤‬ﺟﻮﺍﺑﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺷﺨﺺ ‪ Score‬ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪CAMPBELL'S UROLOGY‬‬
‫‪2003‬‬
‫& ‪Voiding Function‬‬
‫‪Dysfunction‬‬
‫‪Oncology‬‬
‫‪Infections and Inflammations of the‬‬
‫‪Genitourinary Tract‬‬
‫‪Pediatric Urology‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫‪Physiology, Pathology, and Management of Upper‬‬
‫‪Urinary Tract Diseases‬‬
‫‪Sexual Function and Dysfunction‬‬
‫‪Urologic Examination and Diagnostic‬‬
‫‪Techniques‬‬
‫‪Reproductive Function and‬‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫‪8.21‬‬
‫‪Anatomy‬‬
‫‪Benign Prostatic‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
82
Hyperplasia
Carcinoma of the
Prostate
Study Guide
9.21
Dysfunction
Urinary Lithiasis and Endourology
Urologic Surgery
Pathology Atlas
Radiology Atlas
Additional Media
2004
Case Studies in Genes & Disease A Primer for Clinicians (Bryan Bergeron)
10.21 Core Curriculum in Primary Care Patient Evaluation for Non-Cardiac Surgery and Gynecology and Urology (Michael K. Rees, MD, MPH)
‫ــــــ‬
.‫ ﺑﻨﺎ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬Harvard ‫ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻫﺮ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﻫﻴﺌﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬CD ‫ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ‬CCC
‫ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﮔﺰﻳﻨـﻪﺍﻱ‬،‫ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺤﺜﻲ‬.‫ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲﻫﺎ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻭﺭﻭﮊﻱ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‬CD
:‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﭼﺎﭘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻼﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ )ﺑﺠﺰ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻗﻠﺐ( ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ؟‬-١
Male impotence ‫ ﻋﻘﻴﻤﻲ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﻥ‬-٣
.(AUB) ‫ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺧﻮﻧﺮﻳﺰﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺑﻨﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺭﺣﻢ‬-٢
11.21 Core Curriculum in Primary Care Gynecology
(Michael, Isaac Schiff, Keith, Thomas, Annekathryn)
12.21 Cystectomy and Construction an Ileocecal Neobladder for Urethral Voiding
13.21 Erectile Dysfunciton
‫ــــــ‬
(John A. Libertino MD, FACS)
‫ــــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
Current Investigation and Management (lan Eardley, Drishna Sethia)
14.21 Glenn's Urologic Surgery
(Sixth Edition)
15.21 Hot Topics in UROLOGY
(Roger S Kirby, Michael P O'Leary) (SALEKAN E-BOOK)
2004
(Sam D. Graham, James F. Glenn,) (Salekan E-Book)
Premature ejaculation Michael P O'Leary
Angiogenesis as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in urological
malignancy
Robotic surgery and nanotechnology
2004
New developments for the treatment of erectile dysfunction: Present and Future
Erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular disease
Chemoprevention of prostate cancer
Apoptosis in the prostate
Marginally worse? Positive resection limits after radical prostatectomy
Adjuvant therapy for prostate cancer
Bisphosphonates: a potential new treatment strategy in prostate cancer I mmunotherapy for prostate
What,s hot and whats not - the medical management of BPH
Three-dimensional imaging of the upper urinary tract
Future prospects for .. nephron conservation in renalcel I carcinoma
Urethral stricture surgery: the state of the art
Reducing medical errors in urology
Management of female sexual dysfunction
Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy
Antisense therapy in oncology: current
The overactive bladder
Organ preserving therapies for penile carcinomas
2004
16.21 HOW the Human Genome Works (Edwin H. McConkey.Ph.D)
(Salkan E-Book)
17.21 Male and Famale Sexual Dysfunction (Allen D. Seftel)
.‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺣﻨﺴﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬
. ‫ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺭﮔﺎﻧﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﻜﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺳﻜﺴﻮﺁﻝ‬
18.21 Male Hypogonadism
2004
.‫ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺳﻜﺴﻮﺁﻝ‬
.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺳﻜﺴﻮﺁﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺬﻛﺮ ﻭ ﻣﺆﻧﺚ‬
2004
(Feiedpich Jockeahovel)
19.21 Mind Maps in pathology
___
(Michele Harrison, Peter Dervan)
20.21 Pelvic Floor Exercises for Erectile Dysfunction (Grace Dorey phD MSCP)
2004
21.21 Smith's
2004
General Urology
22.21 The Journal of UROLOGY
CD I:
CD II:
- Clinical Urology
- Clinical Urology
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
(Sixteenth edition) (Emil A. Tanagho, Jack W. Mcaninch) (Salekan E-Book)
(Spring & Summer)
-Pediatric Urology
-Pediatric Urology
(CD I, II)
-Investigative Urology
-Investigative Urology
(Official Journal of the American Urological Association)
-Urological Survey
-Urological Survey
2003
-CME Participant Assessment Test and Course Evaluation
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪83‬‬
‫)‪23.21 Urogynecology: Evaluation and Treatment of Urinary Incontinence (Bruce Rosenzweig, MD, Jeffrey S. Levy, MD, Donald R. Ostergard, MD‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫ﻼ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺻﻮﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻛﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
‫‪ ٤ Urogynechology‬ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﺠﺰﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪-١‬‬
‫‪Introduction Definigg Incontinence‬‬
‫‪Evaluation -٢‬‬
‫‪:Introduction & Defining Incontince (١‬‬
‫‪-٣‬‬
‫‪won surgical & surgical Management‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪ y‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ‪incontince‬‬
‫‪-٤‬‬
‫‪Consideration for the OB/GYN Generalist‬‬
‫‪affected women y‬‬
‫‪Patient misconceptions y‬‬
‫‪Types of incontinernce y‬‬
‫‪incontinence awareness y‬‬
‫‪ (٢‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ‪:incontinency‬‬
‫‪ y Voiding diary y‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ ‪ y‬ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫‪un , u/s y‬‬
‫‪Multi-Channel urodynamics y‬‬
‫‪Cystoscopy y uroflowmetry y Postvoid residual y Cystometrogram y Pad test y‬‬
‫‪Pessary test y‬‬
‫‪ (٣‬ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﺭ ‪: Stress urinary incontinence‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﺭﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻏﻴﺮﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ))‪ biofeedback, Beharioral modification‬ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﺋﻲ ‪ funetional electrieal Stimalation‬ﻭ ‪ (....‬ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ‪ Procedure‬ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ‪ Complication‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪: Consideration for the OB/Gyn Generalist (٤‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺼﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪urogynechology as a subdiscipline y‬‬
‫‪Non surgical therapy y‬‬
‫‪professional consideration y‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫___‬
‫‪incontinrence management to private patients y‬‬
‫‪Urodynamics y‬‬
‫)‪(Patrick J, Rowe, Frank H. Conhaire, Timothy B. Hargreave‬‬
‫‪equipment cost ySet-up requirement y‬‬
‫‪eystometry y‬‬
‫‪Allied Staff y‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪24.21 WHO Manual for the standardized investigation & diagnosis of the infertile couple‬‬
‫‪25.21 WHO Manul for the standardized investigation, diagnosis and management of the infertile male‬‬
‫)‪(Patrick J. Rowe, Frank H. Comhaire‬‬
‫ﻧﻔﺮوﻟﻮﻟﻮژی‬
‫)‪(Prof. Legndre, Martin, Helenon, Lebranchu, Halloran, Nochy‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪-immunosupperssive‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫‪-clinical section‬‬
‫‪-surgery‬‬
‫‪-Histopathology‬‬
‫)‪27.21 Core Curriculum in Primary Care Nephrology (Michael K. Rees, MD, MPH‬‬
‫‪ CCC‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ‪CD‬ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻫﺮ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﻫﻴﺌﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ‪ Harvard‬ﺑﻨﺎ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ CD‬ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﺭﻳﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲﻫﺎ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﻼﻳﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺤﺜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﺑـﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﻳـﻚ ﻣﻘﺎﻟـﻪ ﭼـﺎﭘﻲ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻼﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ CD‬ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪4-Clinical Application of Renal Physiology‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫‪-immunology‬‬
‫‪-imaging‬‬
‫‪26.21 Atlas of RENAL TRANSPLANTATION‬‬
‫‪3- Treatment of Mypertension-Special Case‬‬
‫‪2- Drugs vs Diet in Modifying Renal failure‬‬
‫‪1- How to erahcate Renal mass/Tumor‬‬
‫)‪28.21 PRIMER ON KIDNEY DISEASES (Second Edition) (NATINAL KINDEY FOUNDATION SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY BOARD‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺍﻛﺮﻭﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ ١١‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ ‪ ٥١٧‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﻓﺎﻧﻜﺸﻦ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻓﺎﻧﻜﺸﻦ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ‪ ،U/A ،‬ﻫﻤﺎﺗﻮﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٢‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﻫﻴﭙﻮﻭﻫﻴﺒﺮﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﻴﺪﻭﺯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻟﻮﺯﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴﻢ ﭘﺘﺎﺳﻴﻢ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﺴﻴﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻴﺰﻳﻮﻡ ﻭ ﺩﻳﻮﺭﺗﻴﻚ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ Glomerular Diseuse -٣‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻤﻮﻧﻮﭘﺎﺗﻮﮊﻧﺰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻱ ﮔﻠﻮﻣﺮﻭﻱ‪ MGN ،FSGN ،MPGN ،MCD ،‬ﻭ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻭﻡ ﮔﻮﺩﭘﺎﺳﭽﺮ ﻭ ‪ IGA‬ﻧﻔﺮﻭﭘﺎﺗﺎ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٤‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻴﻚ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ ‪ CHF‬ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺒﺪﻱ‪ PSGN ،‬ﻭ ﺍﺳﻜﻮﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‪ SLE ،‬ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻭﻣﺎﺗﻴﺴﻤﻲ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺘﻴﻚ ﻧﻔﺮﻭﭘﺎﺗﻲ ﻭ ‪ HIV‬ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ‪ ....‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٥‬ﻧﺎﺭﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﺣﺎﺩ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻞ‪ approach ،‬ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٦‬ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ NSAID‬ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﺭﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٧‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺍﺭﺛﻲ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﻧﻔﺮﻭﭘﺎﺗﻲ ‪ ،Sickle cell‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Cystic‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻭﻡ ‪ Alport‬ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺴﻴﺘﻴﻚ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٨‬ﻧﻔﺮﻭﭘﺎﺗﻲ ﺗﻮﺑﻮﻟﻮﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﺳﺘﻴﺸﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﻣﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻟﻴﺘﻴﻮﻡ ﺳﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﺍﮔﺰﺍﻻﺕ ﺳﻨﮓﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻮﻱ ‪ ،‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻮﻱ ﺍﻧﺴﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺁﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٩‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‚ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻛﻮﺩﻛﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺮﻱ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١٠‬ﻧﺎﺭﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﺰﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻭﻡ ﺍﻭﺭﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﻮﺩﻳﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻮﻓﻴﻠﺘﺮﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻳﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺻﻔﺎﺗﻲ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺶﺁﮔﻬﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ‪ ،CRF‬ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﺼﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‪ ،‬ﻏﺪﺩﻱ ‪ CRF‬ﻭ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﺩﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١١‬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﭘﺎﻧﻮﮊﻧﺰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ ‪ Renovascular‬ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
‫‪84‬‬
‫)‪Seven Edition (Barry M. Brenner) (E-Book‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪(Volume 1-2‬‬
‫‪29.21 The Kidney‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﻭ ﺟﻠﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺿﻮﺡ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻤﻲ ﻣﻲﺳﺎﺯﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻤﻴﻨﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻴﻨﻄﻮﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻠﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺜﻲ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻠﻮﻍ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﻚ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻳﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﻥ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻛﻠﻴﻮﻱ ﮔﻠﻮﻛﺰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﻴﺪ ﺁﻣﻴﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺪﻳﻢ‪ ،....‬ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺗﺮﺷﺢ ﻛﻠﻴﻮﻱ ﭘﺘﺎﺳﻴﻢ ﻭ ‪ ....‬ﺩﻫﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺪﻥ‪ :‬ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻲ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺍﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﻮﺳﺘﺎﺯ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺑﺮﻝ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،AVP ،‬ﭘﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﮔﻼﻧﺪﻳﻦﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺮﻭﺯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﻡ ﺩﺭ ‪ ،CHF‬ﺩﻳﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﻲﻣﺰﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﭙﻮﻧﺎﺗﺮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺘﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺍﺳـﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺗﻮﺍﺯﻥ ﭘﺘﺎﺳﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﭙﻮﻭﻫﻴﭙﺮﻛﺎﺳﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ ﻭ ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﻭ ‪ ....‬ﺩﻫﻬﺎ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﻠﺪ ‪ ٢‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ ٣‬ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺜﻲ ﭼﻮﻥ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﻠﻮﻣﺮﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺩﺭﺍﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻧﻔﺮﻭﭘﺎﺗﻲ ﺗﻮﻛﺴﻴﻚ ﻭ ‪ ....‬ﺩﻫﻬﺎ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ( ﭘﺎﺗﻮﮊﻧﺰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﻧﺌﻮﭘﻼﺯﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﭙﺮﺗﺎﻧﺴﻴﻮﻥ )ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ‪ (renovascular‬ﺍﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﺌﻮﺩﺳﻴﺘﺮﻭﻓﻲ ﺭﻧﺎﻝ ﻭ ‪ ...‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺝ( ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﺭﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻠﻴﻮﻱ‪ :‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺩﻳﺎﻟﻴﺰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻤﻮﻧﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﻮﺭﺗﻴﻚ ﻭ ‪ ....‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷﺪﻫﺎﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ : ٢٢‬ﮐﺎﻧﺴﺮ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ‪CD‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫‪2002‬‬
‫)‪(Jay Y. Gillenwater, john T. Grayhack, Stuart S. Howards, Michael E. Mitchell‬‬
‫‪Adult and Pediatric Urology‬‬
‫‪1.22‬‬
‫‪Adult Urology Continued‬‬
‫‪Pediatric Urology‬‬
‫‪Video Library‬‬
‫)‪2.22 American Cancer Society Atlas of Clinical Oncology (Cancer of the Female Lowe Genital Tract) (Patricia J. Eifel, M.D. Charles Levenback, M.D.‬‬
‫‪Adult Urology‬‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫)‪(SALEKAN E-BOOK‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﺔ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﻠﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﻢ ‪ Cervix‬ﻭ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﺯﻧﮕﺮﻱ ﻛﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪Epidemiology‬‬
‫‪Diagnostic Imaging‬‬
‫‪Pathology‬‬
‫‪Screening for Neoplasms‬‬
‫‪Molecular Biology‬‬
‫‪Treatment of Squamous Intraepithelial‬‬
‫‪Lesions‬‬
‫‪Anatomy and Natural‬‬
‫‪History‬‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫‪Invasive Carcinoma of the Cervix‬‬
‫‪Surgical Treatment of Invasive Cervical‬‬
‫‪Cancer‬‬
‫‪Radiation Therapy for Invasive Cervical‬‬
‫‪Cancer‬‬
‫‪Radical Management of Recurrent Cervical‬‬
‫‪Cancer‬‬
‫‪Management of Vaginal Cancer‬‬
‫‪Surgery for Vulvar Cancer‬‬
‫‪Chemotherapy in Curative‬‬
‫‪Management‬‬
‫‪Radiation Therapy for Vulvar Cancer‬‬
‫‪Post-treatment Surveillance‬‬
‫‪Acute Effects of Radiation Therapy‬‬
‫‪Palliative Care‬‬
‫‪Late Complications of Pelvic Radiation‬‬
‫‪Therapy‬‬
‫)‪American Cancer Society Atlas of Clinical Oncology Skin Cancer (Arthur J. Sober, MD, Frank G. Haluka, MD, phD) (Bc Decker Inc‬‬
‫‪3.22‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻧﻜﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻗﺮﻥ ‪ ٢١‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻳﻢ ﺷﺎﻳﻊﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺧﻼﻑ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺩﻳﺪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺣﺖﺗﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺟﻠـﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺳـﺮﻃﺎﻥﻫـﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳـﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻧﮕﺎﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺔ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻤﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ‪ Skin cancer‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﭼﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﺟﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻜﺲﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﻛﻤﻚﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ‪ text‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﭘﻴﺪﻣﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ‪ ٤‬ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ‪ Basic Concept :١‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﭘﻴﺪﻣﻴﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‪ ،‬ﮊﻧﺘﻴﻚ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺧﻄﺮﺯﺍ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ‪ :٢‬ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻼﻧﻮﻡ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ (٤‬ﻭ ‪) BCE‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ (٥‬ﻭ ‪) Scc‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ (٦‬ﻟﻤﻔﻮﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ (٧‬ﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﻨﮕﻨﺎﻧﺴﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﺎﻳﻊ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪) Merckle cell Carcinoma (٨:١‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ( ٨:٢‬ﻭ ﻛﺎﭘﻮﺳﻲ ﺳﺎﺭﻛﻮﻡ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ (٨:٣‬ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ‪ Management : ٣‬ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﺑﻴﻮﭘﺴﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻼﻧﻮﻡ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ، (٩‬ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﻼﻧﻮﻡ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ،(١١‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻟﻤﻒﻧﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻮﭘﺴﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻤﻒﻧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻼﻧﻮﻡ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ adjuvant therapy ،(١١‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻼﻧﻮﻡ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ ،(١٢‬ﺍﻳﻤﻮﻧﻮﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻼﻧﻮﻡ )ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ (١٣‬ﻭ ﻛﻤﻮﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺳـﻴﺘﻮﻛﻴﻦ ﺗﺮﺍﭘـﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤـﻮﺗﺮﺍﭘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻼﻧـﻮﻡ )ﻓﺼـﻞ‬
‫‪ (١٤‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻟﻤﻔﻮﻡ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ]‪) [MF‬ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ (١٧‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ‪ : ٤‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﻧﺴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻲ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬
‫)‪Atlas of Clinical oncology Breast Cancer (American Cancer Society ) (David J Winchester, MD, David P Winchester, MD‬‬
‫‪y Breast Cancer Risk and Management: Chemoprevention, Surgery, and Surveillance‬‬
‫‪4.22‬‬
‫‪yGenetics, Natural History, and DNA-Based Genetic Counseling in Hereditary Brast Cancer‬‬
‫‪y Screening and Diagnostic Imaging yImaging-Directed y Breast Biopsy yHistophathology of Malignant Breast Disease‬‬
‫‪yUnusual Breast Pathology y Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Breast‬‬
‫‪Cancer‬‬
‫‪y Surgical Management of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ‬‬
‫‪yEvaluation and Surgical Management of Stage I and II Breast Cancer y Locally Advanced Breast Cancer y Breast Reconstruction‬‬
‫)‪5.22 Atlas of Clinical Oncology Cancer of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract (Christopher G. Willett, MD‬‬
‫‪6.22 Atlas of DIAGNOSTIC ONCOLOGY‬‬
‫‪2001‬‬
‫ــــ‬
‫ــــ‬
‫)‪CANCER Principles & Practice of Oncology (7th Edition) (Vincent T. Devita, Jr., Samuel Hellman, Steven A. Rosenberg‬‬
‫‪7.22‬‬
‫ــــــ‬
‫)‪Color atlas of Cancer Cytology (Third Edition) (Masayoshi Takahashi‬‬
‫‪8.22‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
85
2000
‫ــــ‬
2003
‫ــــ‬
2004
9.22 Gastric Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment (An interactive Training Program) (J.R. Siewert, D.Kelsen, K. Maruyama) (Springer)
10.22 Handbook of Cancer Combination Chemotherapy
11.22 Holland.frei CANCER 6 MEDICINE (volume 2)
(Danald W. Kufe, MD, Raphael E. Pollock, Md, PHD)
12.22 Human Brain Cancer: Diagnostic Decisions (Lauren A. Langford, MD, Dr. med,) American Medical Association
13.22 PHYSICANAS' CANCER CHEMOTHERAPHY DRUG MANUAL
- Principles of Cancer Chemotheraphy
- Common Chemotherapy Regimens in Clinical Practice
14.22 Thyroid Cancer 4
(Jones & Bartlett)
- Physician's Cancer Chemotherapy Drug Manual 2004
- Guidelines for Chemotherapy and Dosing Modifications
- Antimetic Agents for the Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
& Asso Schilddruse (Werner Langsteger, Paul Sungler, Peter Lind, Bruno Niederle)
2004
‫ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ‬/‫ﺍﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ )ﺭﻳﺎﻝ( ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺠﻠﺪﺍﺕ‬
RADIOLOGY
1.
Pediatric Radiology (The Requestions) (Hans Blickman)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
200,000
2.
Differential Diagnosis in Conventioanl Gastrointestinal Readiology (Francis A. Burgener, Marti Konnano)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
240,000
3.
Dynamic Radiology of the Abdomen: Normal and Pathologic Anatomy (Morton A. Meyers, 5th Edition Springer Verla)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
500,000
4.
Primary Care Radiology (Mettker, Guibert EAU. VO.SS', URBINA)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
250,000
5.
Textbook of Uroradiology (N. Reed Dunnick, MD, Carl M. Sandler, Md, Jeffrey H. Newhouse, MD, Estephen Amis', JR., MD)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
400,000
6.
Head and Neck Radiology a Teaching File (Anthony a Mancusd, Hiroya Ojiri, Ronald G. Quisling)(Lippincottt Williams & Wilkins)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
400,000
7.
Essentials of Skeletal Radiology (Terry R. Yochum; Lindsay J. Rowe)
‫ﺩﻭ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
700,000
8.
Textbook of Radiology & Imaging (David Stutton) (2003)
‫ﺩﻭ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
(‫)ﺍﻭﺭﮊﻳﻨﺎﻝ‬
1,400,000
9.
Radiology Reviw Manual (Fourth Edition) (Wolfgang Dahnert) (2003)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
400,000
10. Forensic Radiology (B. G. Brogdon MD)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
300,000
11. The Core Curriculum Neuroradiology (Mauricio Castillo) (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
400,000
12. Diagnostic Neuroradiology (Anne G. Osborn) (Mosby)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
500,000
13. Bone and Joint Disorders (Conventional Radiologic Differentioal Diagnosis) (Francis A. Burgener Marti Kormano)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
300,000
14. Atlas of Radiologic Measurement (Theodore E. Keats, Christopher Sistrom) (Mosby)
‫ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﮔﺮدآوری ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه و ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ اﺑﺰار ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻬﻢ در ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ﻧﻮاﺣﯽﻫـﺎی‬630 ‫ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ و در‬14 ‫ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ اﻋﻈﻢ ﺟﺪاول و ﻧﻤﻮدارﻫﺎی ﻣﻌﻢ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮیﻫﺎی رادﯾﻮﻟﻮژی و ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮﺑﺮداری در‬، ‫در اﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
400,000
:‫ ﻓﺼﻮل اﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮار ذﯾﻞ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬.‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد‬
‫ اﻧﺪام ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﯽ‬- Hip ‫ ﻟﮕﻦ و ﻣﻔﺎﺻﻞ‬- ‫ اﻧﺪام ﻓﻮﻗﺎﻧﯽ‬- ‫ ﺳﺘﻮن ﻓﻘﺮات و ﻣﺤﺘﻮﯾﺎت آن‬- ‫ ﻣﺤﺘﯿﺎت ادرﺑﯿﺖ ﺻﻮرت و ﮔﺮدن‬- ‫ ﺟﻤﺠﻤﻪ ﺣﻔﺮه ادرﺑﯿﺖ و ﺳﯿﻨﻮسﻫﺎی ﭘﺎراﻧﺎﻣﺎل‬- ‫ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﯾﺎت اﯾﻨﺘﺮاﮐﺮاﻧﯿﺎل‬‫ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺮوﻗﯽ و ﻟﻨﻔﺎوی‬- ‫ ﺑﯿﻮﻣﺘﺮی و ﭘﻠﻮﺳﯿﺘﺮی در ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﯽ‬‫ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﻠﯽ‬-‫ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ادراری‬- ‫ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﮔﻮارش‬- ‫ ﻣﺪﯾﺎﺳﺘﻦ و ﺟﻨﺐ‬،‫ رﯾﻪﻫﺎ‬،‫ ﺗﻮراﮐﺲ‬‫ ﻗﻠﺐ و ﻋﺮوق ﺑﺰرگ‬‫ ﺑﻠﻮغ اﺳﮑﻠﺘﯽ‬-
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪86‬‬
‫‪400,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪15. Radiobiology for the Radiologist (Fifthe Edition‬‬
‫‪470,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪16. Anatomy Positioning & Procedures Workbook (Steven G. Hayes‬‬
‫‪700,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪17. Atlas of Normal Roentgen Variants That May Simulate disease (Seven Edition) (Theodere E. Keats & Mark W. Anderson) (Mosby‬‬
‫‪50,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﻭ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺁﻥ )ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ‪ :‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﭘﺮﻭﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻲﭘﻮﺭ( ‪18.‬‬
‫‪180,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺴﺘﺎﻥ )ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﻌﺼﻮﻣﻪ ﮔﻴﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻡ ﺭﺣﻴﻤﻴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻋﺮﺏ ﺧﺮﺩﻣﻨﺪ( ‪19.‬‬
‫‪50,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺷﺎﻳﻌﺘﺮﻳﻦﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺗﺮﻳﻦﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎ )ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ‪ :‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺍﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﺰﺍﺩﻩ( ‪20.‬‬
‫‪380,000‬‬
‫ﺩﻭ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪21. Radiographic Anatomy Positioning and Procedures Workbook (Second Edition) (volume I , II) (Steven G. Hayes, Sr.‬‬
‫‪600,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪22. Gastrointestinal Radiology A Pattern Approach (4 Edition‬‬
‫‪250,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪23. Imaging Atlas of Human Anatomy (Third Edition) (Jamie Weir, Peter H. Abrahams) (2003‬‬
‫‪600,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪24. Pediatric Sonography (Third Edition) (Thieme) (Francis A. Burgener, Steven P. Meyers) (2004‬‬
‫‪500,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪25. Musculoskeletal Imaging Companion (Thomas H. Berquist) (2002‬‬
‫‪550,000‬‬
‫ﺟﻠﺪ ﺍﻭﻝ‬
‫‪600,000‬‬
‫ﺟﻠﺪ ﺩﻭﻡ‬
‫‪500,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪28. The Neurologic Examination (Dejong's) (William W. Campbell) (2005‬‬
‫‪800,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪29. Abrams' Angiography Interventional Radiology (Stanley Baum, Michael J. Pentecost) (2006‬‬
‫‪350,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪30. The Practice of Ultrasound A Step-by-Step Guide to Abdominal Scanning (Berthold Block) (Thieme‬‬
‫‪1,200,000‬‬
‫ﺩﻭﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫‪350,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪32. Ultrasonography in Urology A Practical Approach to Clinical Problems (Edward I. Bluth-Peter H.‬‬
‫‪70,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫‪33. Seminars in Ultrasound CT and MR‬‬
‫‪1,800,000‬‬
‫ﺩﻭ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪34. Diagnostic Ultrasound (Rumack, Wilson, Charboneau) (2005‬‬
‫)‪(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins) (2003‬‬
‫‪th‬‬
‫)‪(Ronald L. Eisenberg‬‬
‫اﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﮥ ﮐﺎﻣﻠﯽ از ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮﺑﺮداری دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﮔﻮارش ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب در ‪ 80‬ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ‪ 10 ،‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه و ﺣﺪود ‪ 1200‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ دارد روش اراﺋﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ در اﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺻﻮرت ‪ Pattern Approach‬ﺑﻮده و ﺧﻮاﻧﻨﺪه را ﻗﺎدر ﻣﯽﺳﺎزد ﺗﺎ اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎی ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮﺑﺮداری ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﮔﻮارش را دﺳﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪی ﻧﻤﻮده و ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺﻫﺎی اﻓﺘﺮاﻗﯽ ﻫﺮ ﮐﺪام را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ از دﯾﮕﺮ اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎ ﺗﻤﯿﺰ دﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(2004‬‬
‫)‪(2004‬‬
‫)‪26. Surgical Neuroangiography 2.1 (A. Berenstein, P. Lasjaunias, K.G. TER Brugge) (Springer) (Second Edition‬‬
‫)‪27. Surgical Neuroangiography 2.2 (A. Berenstein, P. Lasjaunias, K.G. TER Brugge) (Springer) (Second Edition‬‬
‫)‪(Mitchell P. fink, Edward Abraham, Jean-Louis Vincent, Patrick M. Kochanek) (2005‬‬
‫)‪31. Textbook of CRITICAL CARE (FIFTH EDITION‬‬
‫‪SONOGRAPHY‬‬
‫ﭼﺎپ اول اﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب ﮐﻪ در ﺳﺎل ‪ 1991‬ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺎن رﺳﯿﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان راﯾﺞﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ در ﺟﻬﺎن ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬از آﻧﺠﺎ ﮐﻪ داﻧﺶ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ در ﻃﻮل ‪ 6‬ﺳﺎل ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖﻫﺎی ﺑﺴﯿﺎری داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮی در اﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب اﺣﺴﺎس ﻣﯽﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫در اﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب ﺑﯿﺶ از ﯾﮑﺼﺪ ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪه ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ درﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ ﺗﻼش ﮐﺮدهاﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ آﺧﺮﯾﻦ دﺳﺘﺎوردﻫﺎی داﻧﺶ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮﺑﺮداری‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد آﻧﻬﺎ را ﺑﻪ رﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﺮ درآوردهاﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﺼـﻮل ﮐﺘـﺎب ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﯿﺴﺘﺮوﺳـﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ ﻻﭘﺎروﺳـﮑﻮﭘﯿﮏ ﺳـﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ و‬
‫ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏﻫﺎی ﺑﯿﻮﭘﯽ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻫﺪاﯾﺖ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬در ﮐﻠﯽ ‪ %25‬ﺑﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﮐﻠﯽ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻓﺰوده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻋﻤﺪه اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ زﻧﺎن و زاﯾﻤﺎن ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻌﺪاد زﯾﺎدی از ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ و ﺑﯿﺶ از ‪ 450‬ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﺗﻤﺎم رﻧﮕﯽ در وﯾﺮاﯾﺶ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ وﺟـﻮد‬
‫دارد‪ .‬ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺟﺪﯾﺪی ﺑﺮای ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ ﺧﻮاﻧﺪن و درک ﻣﻄﻠﺐ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر وﯾﺮاﯾﺶ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﮐﺪﺑﻨﺪیﻫﺎی رﻧﮕﯽ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ و ﺟﺪاول ‪ highlight‬ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮای ﻧﮑﺎت ﮐﻠﯿﺪی ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺼﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮ درﺷﺖﺗﺮ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ و ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت دﻗﯿـﻖﺗـﺮی‬
‫ﺑﺎزﻧﻮﯾﺴﯽ ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ‪ .‬اﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب در دو ﺟﻠﺪ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺟﻠﺪ اول ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﻨﺞ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻓﺼﻞ اول ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮏ و اﺛﺮات ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ و ﻣﻮاد ﺣﺎﺟﺐ در ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ دوم ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳـﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ ﺳـﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ ﺷـﮑﻢ و ﻟﮕـﻦ‪ ،‬ﺗـﻮراﮐﺲ و روشﻫـﺎی ﻣﺪاﺧﻠـﻪای‬
‫)‪ (interrcntional‬ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺳﻮم ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ ‪ Intraoperative‬و ﻻﭘﺎراﺳﮑﻮﭘﯿﮏ را ﺷﺮح ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﻓﺼﻞ ﭼﻬﺎرم ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮﺑﺮداری اﻋﻀﺎء ﮐﻮﭼﮏ )‪ (small part‬را اراﺋﻪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﺎروﺗﯿﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﯾﺎنﻫﺎ و ورﯾﺪﻫﺎی ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺟﻠﺪ دوم ﮐﺘﺎب ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺼـﻞ ﭘـﻨﺠﻢ ﮐـﻪ ﺑﺤـﺚ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
87
‫ ﺧﻮاﻧـﺪن اﯾـﻦ ﮐﺘـﺎب ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼـﯿﻦ و دﺳـﺘﯿﺎران رادﯾﻮﻟـﻮژی داﻧﺸـﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﭘﺰﺷـﮑﯽ و‬.‫ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ در ﻣﻮرد ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ داﭘﻠﺮ اﻃﻔﺎل و ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪای در اﻃﻔﺎل ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻓﺼﻞ اﻓﺰوده ﺷﺪه اﺳـﺖ‬.‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ زﻧﺎن و ﻣﺎﻣﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ و ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺘﺎً ﻓﺼﻞ ﺷﺸﻢ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ اﻃﻔﺎل اﺳﺖ‬
.‫ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﻬﺎ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد‬
35. Diagnostic Ultrasound (John P. McBany Gorgon, B. Gorgon, MD) (2005)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
800,000
36. Ultrasound A Practical Approach to Clinical Problems (Edward Bluth, Peter H. Arger Carol B. Benson, Philip W. Rails, Marilyan) (Thieme)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
500,000
37. Breast Ultrasound (A. Thomas Stavros, MD, FACR) (2004)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
800,000
38. Musculosceletal Ultrasound (Thomas R. Nelson, Donal B. downey, Dolores H. Pretorius, A aron Fenster)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
500,000
39. The Core Curriculum Ultrasound (William E. Brant) (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
400,000
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
800,000
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
450,000
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
250,000
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
500,000
44. Body CT A Practical Approach
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
240,000
45. High Resolution CT of the Lung (W. Richard Webb)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
280,000
46. High Resolution CT of the Chest Comprehensive Atlas (Second Edition) (Eric J. ster, Stephen J. Swensen)(Lippincott Williams&Wilkins)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
320,000
47. Pediatric Body CT (Marilyn J. Siegel)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
320,000
48. CT Teaching Manual (Marthias Hofer) (Thieme) (2000)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
250,000
49. CT Teaching Manual (A Systematic Approach to CT Reading) (Second Edition) (Thieme) (2005)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
550,000
50. Spiral CT (Eliot K Fishman & R. Brocke Jeffrey)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
400,000
51. Helical (Spiral) computed Tomography (A Practical Approach to Clinical Protocols) (Paul M. Silverman)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
250,000
52. Norma findings in CT and MRI (Torsten B. Moeller, EmilReif) (Thieme)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
300,000
53. CT and MR Imaging of the Whole Body (John R. Haaga, MD) (2003)
‫ﺩﻭ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
1,000,000
54. Multidetector CT (Principles, Techniques, & Clinical Applications) (Elliot K. Fissman, R. Brooke Jeffrey, JR.)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
550,000
55. Spiral and Multislice Computed Tomography of the Body (Aart J. Van der Molen Cornelia M. Schaefer-Prokop) (Thieme) (2003)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
800,000
MRI
56. MRI of the Musculoskeletal System (2006) (Thomas H. Berquist)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
600,000
57. MRI of the Musculoskeletal System MRI Teaching file Series (Karence K Cahn, Mini Pathria)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
240,000
58. MRI of the Head and Neck MRI Teaching file Series (Jrffrey S. Ross)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
240,000
40. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (Eberhard Merz) (Thieme) (Vol.1: Obstetrics
2005
41. Color Atlas of Ultrasound Anatomy (B. Block) (Thieme) (2004)
CT
42. Fundamentals of Body CT (Second Edition) (Webb & Brant & Helms)
43. Fundamentals of Body CT (Third Edition) (W. Richard Webb, William E. Brant, Nancy M. Major)
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
(2006)
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪88‬‬
‫‪240,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪59. MRI of the Spine MRI Teaching file Series (Jeffrey S. Ross‬‬
‫‪480,000‬‬
‫ﺩﻭ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)…‪60. MRI of the Brain I & II MRI Teaching file Series (Michel Brant, Zawadzki and‬‬
‫‪35,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪61. MRI the basics fray h. Hashemi and William g. bradley, Jr.) (Williams & Wilkins‬‬
‫‪190,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪62. MRI Principles (Donald G. Mitcell, MD‬‬
‫‪300,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪63. Clinical Pelvic Imaging CT, Ultrasound, and MRI (Arnold C. Friedman, MD‬‬
‫‪700,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪64. MRI and CT of the Cardiovascular System (Second Edition) (Charles B. Higgins, Albert de Ross) (2006‬‬
‫‪105,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪65. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine The Basic Textbook of the European Magnetic Resonance Forum (Peter A. Rinck‬‬
‫‪450,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪66. Magnetic Resonance in diagnosis of C.N.S. disorders (vaso antunavic, gradimir dragutinovic, zvonimir lec) (Thieme‬‬
‫‪450,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪67. Section and MRI anatomy of the human body (slobodan marinkovic, milan milisavljevic, dieter sehellinger, vaso antunovic) (Thieme‬‬
‫‪450,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪68. PRACTICAL GUIDE TO ABDOMINAL & PELVIC MRI (JOHN R. LEYENDECHER, JEFFERY J. BROWN‬‬
‫‪600,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪69. Vascular diagnosis with Ultrasound Clinical References With Case Studies (Hennerici, Neuerburg-Heusler)(Thieme‬‬
‫‪850,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪70. Introduction to Vascular Ultrasonography (Fourth Edition) (Zwiebel) (James Saunders‬‬
‫‪550,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪71. Teaching Manual of Color Duplex Sonography A Wokbook in color duplex ultrasound and echocardiographer (Matthias Hofer) (Thieme) (2005‬‬
‫‪400,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪72. Vascular Ultrasound of the Neck an Interpretive atlas (Antonio Alayon)(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins‬‬
‫‪600,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪73. Duplex Scanning in Vascular Disorders (Third Edition) (D. Eugene Strandness, Jr.‬‬
‫‪500,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫)‪74. Doppler Ultrasound in Gynecology and Obstetrics (Christof Sohn, Hans-Joachim Voigt, Klaus Vetter) (2004‬‬
‫‪500,000‬‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫‪Imaging‬‬
‫)‪75. Skeletal Imaging Atlas of the Spine and Extremities (John A. M. Donald Resnick, MD‬‬
‫‪Doppler‬‬
‫)‪(2005‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﺁﻟﺘﺮﻧﺎﺗﻴﻮ ﻏﻴﺮﺗﻬﺎﺟﻤﻲ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﺭ ‪ ٥‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ )ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑـﺮ ‪ ٣١‬ﻣﺒﺤـﺚ‬
‫ﺟﺰﺋﻲﺗﺮ( ﺑﻪ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﺍﺭﮔﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﺮﻓﺼﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﺫﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻒ‪ -‬ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ‪ .١ :‬ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻫﻤﻮﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻚ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ‪ .٢‬ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻚ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﻭ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ‪ B-mode‬ﻭ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ‬
‫‪ .٣‬ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻃﻴﻒ )ﻣﻮﺝ( ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ‪ .٤‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ ‪ .٥‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺣﺎﺟﺐ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ‬
‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ‪ .٦ :‬ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ‪ .٧‬ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ‪ .٨‬ﺷﺮﺍﺋﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﺗﻴﺪ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﺗﻴﺪ ‪ .٩‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﭘﻼﻙ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﺗﻴﺪ‬
‫‪ .١٠‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﺗﻨﮕﻲ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﺗﻴﺪ ‪ .١١‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻭﺗﻴﺪ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺪﺍﺩ‪ -‬ﺩﻳﺴﻜﻨﺴﻴﻮﻥ ( ‪ .١٢‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺍﻭﻟﺘﺮﺍﺳﻮﻧﻴﻚ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻭ ﺭﺗﺒﺮﺍﻝ ‪ .١٣‬ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻛﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻝ )‪(TCD‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ -‬ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎ‪ .١٤ :‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻏﻴﺮﺗﻬﺎﺟﻤﻲ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻲﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎ ‪ .١٥‬ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎ ‪ .١٦‬ﻧﻘﺶﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫‪ .١٧‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﻓﻮﻗﺎﻧﻲ ‪ .١٨‬ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺩ‪ -‬ﻭﺭﻳﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎ‪ .١٩ :‬ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻭﺭﻳﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎ ‪ .٢٠‬ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭﺭﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎ ‪ .٢١‬ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺍﻛﺘﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ‪ .٢٢‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻭﺭﻳﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎ )ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻜﻲ(‬
‫‪ .٢٣‬ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺒﻮﺯ ﻭﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪ .٢٤‬ﻓﻴﺴﺘﻮﻝ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﺭﻳﺪﻱ )‪ (AVF‬ﻭ ﭘﺎﻣﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻏﻴﺮﻭﺭﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ه‪ -‬ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﺷﻜﻤﻲ‪ .٢٦ :‬ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﻧﻤﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﺷﻜﻤﻲ ‪ .٢٧‬ﺁﺋﻮﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻠﻴﺎﻙ ‪ .٢٨‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺍﻭﻟﺘﺮﺍﺳﻮﻧﻴﻚ ﺷﺮﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺣﺸﺎﺋﻲ ‪ .٢٩‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ ﻛﺒﺪ‬
‫‪ .٣٠‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﻛﻠﻴﻮﻱ )ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ‪ Native‬ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﻱ( ‪ .٣١‬ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺍﭘﻠﺮ ‪Penis‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
89
76. Imaging for Surgeons
77. Imaging of the Newborn, Infant and Young Child (Fourth Edition) (Leonard E. Swischuk) (2004)
78. Thoracic Imaging A Practical Approach (Richard H. slone Fernando R. Gutier)
79. Gastrointestinal Imaging, Case Review (Peter J. Feczko, Obert d. Halperi)
80. Imaging in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease A Practical Clinical Approach (Dirk Van Leeuwen, Jacques Reeders, Joe Ariyama)
81. Aids Imaging A Practical Clinical Approach (J WA J. Reeders, J. R. Mathieson)
82. Special Procedures in diagnostic Imaging (C'lark's)(A. Stewart Whitley, Chrissie W. Alsop Adrin D. Moore)
83. Breast Imaging (Second Edition) (David B. Kopans)
84. The Core curriculum Breast Imaging (Gilda Cardenosa)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
90,000
600,000
250,000
250,000
500,000
420,000
350,000
500,000
4 00,000
93. Clinical Imaging
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺩﻭ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
94. Diagnostic Imaging Brain (Osborn) (2004)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
1,100 ,000
85. Neuroimaging I & II (William It. On'ison, jr)
86. Fundamentals of Neuroimaging (William w. Woodruff.M.D.)
87. Atlas of Musculoskeletal Imaging (Thomas Lee Pope, Jr. Stephen Loehr)(Thieme)
88. Atlas of Head and Neck Imaging (The Extracranial Head and Neck) (Suresh K. Mukherji, Vincent chong)
89. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Orthopeadic Trauma (Stephen J. Eustace)(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)
90. Pediatric Gastrointestinal Imaging and Intervention (David A. Stringer-Paul S. Babyn MDCM)
91. Modern Head and Neck Imaging Medical Radiology, Diolopy, Nostic Imaging (S. K. Mukhetji, J. A. castelijins)(Springer)
92. Variants and Pitfalls in Body Imaging (Ali Shirkhoda)(Lippincot Williams & Wilkin's)
900,000
360,000
420,000
500,000
250,000
500,000
260,000
500,000
580,000
‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫﺎﻱ‬٢١ ‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺎﻧﮕﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﻥ‬.‫" ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ‬Ann Osborn" ‫ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﺎﻥ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ‬،‫ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎ‬،‫ﻣﺪﺕ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎ‬
‫ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴـﻚﻫـﺎ ﻭﺍﻗﻌـﹰﺎ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺴـﺖ ﻭ‬.‫ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬format ‫ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲﺗﺮ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﺪﻙ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻧﻤﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘـﻮﺍﻥ‬.‫ ﺍﺑﺘﻜﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻧﺸﺎﻥﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻚ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻧﮓﻫﺎ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
.‫ ﻣﻮﺟﺮ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﻜﻪ ﺣﺘﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪﺍﻱ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻲ ﻧﮕﺎﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬:‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬CNS ‫ﮔﻔﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻳﻚﺟﻠﺪﻱ "ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ" ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ‬
PART I (Pathology-based diagnoses): Congenital malformations-Trauma Sulianachnoid hemorrhage and
Aneurisms-Stroke-Vascular Malformations Neoplasm's and Tumor in lesions-Primary Non-neoplastic cystsInfection and Demyelinating Disease-Metabolic/Degenerative Disorders, Inhenited-Toxic/Metabolic/Degenesative
Disorders, Acquired
PART II (Anatomy-based Diagnoses): Ventricles and Cysterns-Sella and Pitutary-CPA-IAC-Skull, Scalp and
Meninges
:‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻫﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
Terminology-Imaging Findings-Differentioal Diagnosis-Pathology Clinical Issues-Selected references-Imaging
Gallery-Key Facts
‫ ﺟﻨﻴﻦﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭﻙ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻛﻤﻚ‬،‫ﻫﺮ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ‬
.‫ ﺧﻼﺻﻪﺍﻱ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻭ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬Key Facts ‫ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬.‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
90
-‫" ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻏﻨﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸـﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ‬Diagnostic Imaging Brain Osborn 2004" ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲﺭﺳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬
.‫ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ‬،‫ﺭﺯﻳﺪﻧﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﺭﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺍﻋﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬
95. Diagnostic Imaging Orthopaedics
(Stoller.Tirman Bredella) (2004)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
900,000
96. Diagnostic Imaging Head and Neck (Harnsberger) (2004)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
1,000 ,000
97. Diagnostic Imaging Spine
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
1,000,000
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
1,100,000
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
1,350 ,000
100. DIAGNOSTIC MUSCULOSKELETAL IMAGING (THEODORE T. MILLER, MARK E. SCHWEITZER) (2005)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
450,000
101. Orthopedic IMAGING (A Pracitcal Approach) (ADAM GREENSPAN) (Michael W. Chapman) (2004)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
700,000
102. Aids to RADIOLOCIAL DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS (Forth Edition) (Stephen Chapman and Richard Nakielny) (2003)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
250,000
103. Teaching Atlas of Brain Imaging (Nancy J. Fischbein, William P. Dillon, A. James Barkovich)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
500,000
104. Diagnostic Musculoskeletal Imaging (Theodore T. Miller. Mark E. Schweitzer)
105. Head and Neck Imaging (Peter M. Som, Hugh D. Curtin) (4th Edition)
106. Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology (Allan H. Ropper, Robert H. Brown)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺩﻭﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
600,000
1,300,000
107. The Radiologic Clinics of North America Imaging of Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (W. Richard Webb.M.D.)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
150,000
108. The Radiologic Clinics of North America Neonatal Imaging (Janet L. ST. Rife, M.D.)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
115,000
109. The Radiologic Clinics of North America Lung Cancer (Claudia I. Henschke. Phil, M.D.)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
140,000
110. The Radiologic Clinics of North America Interventional Procedures in Musculoskeletal Radio I Interventional Techniques (Jamshid Tehranzadeh, MD)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
100,000
111. The Radiologic Clinics of North America Interventional Procedures in Musculoskeletal Radio II Advanced Arthrography (Jamshid Tehranzadeh)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
200,000
112. The Radiologic Clinics of North America Advances in Emergency Radiology I & II (Robert A. Novell)
‫ﺩﻭ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
120,000
113. The Radiologic Clinics of North America Cardiac Radiology (Lawrence M. Boxt. MD)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
150,000
114. The Radiologic Clinics of North America Interventional Chest Radiology (Jeffrey S. Klein, M.D.)
‫ﺗﻚ ﺟﻠﺪﻱ‬
150,000
(Ross, Brant-Zawadzki.Moore) (2004)
98. Diagnostic Imaging Abdomen
(Federle, Jeffrey.Desser.Anne.Eraso) (2004)
99. Cranial Neuroimaging and Clinical Neuroanatomy Atlas of MR Imaging and Computed Tomography (Hans-Joachim Kretschmann)
‫ ﺑﻲﮔﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻓﻬـﻢ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻙ ﺁﻧـﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﺴـﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ‬. ‫ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬2004 ‫ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬Cranial Neuroimaging and Clinical Neuroanatomy ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﭼﺎﭖ ﺳﻮﻡ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬
.‫ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﻭ ﺻﻔﺤﻪﺁﺭﺍﻳﻲ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻴﺴﺮ ﻣﻲﺳﺎﺯﺩ‬.‫ﻋﺼﺒﻲ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻭ ﺑﺠﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﺼﺒﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺤﺚ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﻜﺎﺳﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻧﻬﺎﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺑﺤﺚﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑـﺎ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻛﺘـﺎﺏ ﻣـﻲﺗـﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ‬NeuroFunctional ‫ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ‬MRI ‫ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‬.‫ﭼﺎﭖ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺣﺎﻭﻱ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ ﺣﻔﺮﻩ ﺣﻠﻘﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺳﺎﮊﻳﺘﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬،‫ ﺍﮔﺰﻳﺎﻝ‬،‫ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻛﺮﻭﻧﺎﻝ‬MRI ‫ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺳﻲﺗﻲﺍﺳﻜﻦ ﻭ‬.‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ ﺗﺮ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﻑ ﻋﺼﺒﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﻛﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻝ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻳﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ ﺩﺍﺩ‬
.‫ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻟﻮﮊﻳﺴﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﺎﻥ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‬،‫ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ‬.‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺭﻧﮕﻲ ﻭ ﺩﻳﺎﮔﺮﺍﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﻤﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
(Eghth Edition) (2005)
500,000
The Radiologic Clinics of North America
٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
٢٣٩ ‫ ﭘﻼﻙ‬،‫ ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬،‫ ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬،‫ ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬:‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬: ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫‪91‬‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪ 300,000 :‬ﺭﻳﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪1,800,000‬‬
‫)‪(2004‬‬
‫‪ROCKWOOD & GREEN'S 1. FRACTURES IN CHILDREN 2. FRACTURES IN ADULT‬‬
‫)‪(Sixth Edition) (James h. Beaty, James R.Kasser) (2006‬‬
‫ﺭﻳﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪ 600,000 :‬ﺭﻳﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪ 600,000 :‬ﺭﻳﺎﻝ‬
‫)‪Measurement in Ultrasound A Practical Handbook ((Paul s. Sidhu, Wui K. Chong‬‬
‫)‪(2004‬‬
‫)‪(Fifth revised edition‬‬
‫)‪(LEONARD E. SWISCHUK, M. D.) (FIFTH EDITION‬‬
‫‪Imaging of the newborn, infant, and young child‬‬
‫‪Borderlands of Normal and Early Pathological Finding in Skeletal Radiography‬‬
‫)‪(Thieme‬‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪ 600,000 :‬ﺭﻳﺎﻝ‬
‫)‪(Juergen Freyschmidt, Joachim Brossmann, Juergen Wiens, Andreas Sternberg‬‬
‫)ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺩﭘﺎﺭﺗﻤﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﻓﺴﻮﺭ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻜﺎﻝ‬
‫)‪(2003‬‬
‫)‪(Forth Edition‬‬
‫‪(Ronald L. Eisenberg, Amelda County‬‬
‫‪Clinical Imaging‬‬
‫)‪(an atlas of differential diagnosis) (Lippincott Williums & Wilkins‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪ (multiple Pulmonary nodules‬ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺗﺸـﺨﻴﺺ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻤﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ )ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﺭﺷﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺫﻛﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﹰﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﻗﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻛﻞ ﺑﺪﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ‪) Imaging‬ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ‪ ، Plain film‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﺎﺕ ﺑـﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﺍﺳـﺖ‪ ،‬ﺳـﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ‪،‬‬
‫‪ MRI ، CTScan‬ﻭ ‪ (...‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺫﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ‬
‫‪Chest‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﻋﺮﻭﻕ‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫‪ -٧‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﺟﻤﺠﻤﻪ‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ‬
‫‪Gastrointestinal‬‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Breast‬ﻭ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ‬
‫‪Genitourinary‬‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺟﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﺍﺳﻜﺘﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺿﻤﻨﹰﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺼﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻕﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺼﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻛﺪﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻳﻚ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺗﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘـﺎﺏ ﺑﺴـﻴﺎﺭ ﻣـﺆﺛﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫـﺪ ﺑـﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﻪ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻛﺘـﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺯﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺩ ﺗﺨﺼﺺ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪ 1,600,000 :‬ﺭﻳﺎﻝ‬
‫)‪EMERGENCY MEDICINE A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE (Rosen's ) (Volume 1-3) (Sixth Edition) (Judith E. Tintinall, MD, MS‬‬
‫)ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ‪] 2272 :‬ﺩﻭﺟﻠﺪﻱ[ (‬
‫)‪CT and MR Imaging of the Whole Body (Mosby) (2003‬‬
‫ﭘﺮﻭﻓﺴﻮﺭ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ‪ Cleveland‬ﺍﻭﻫﺎﻳﻮ )‪(Charles F. Lanzieri, MD, FACR‬‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪ 1300,000 :‬ﺭﻳﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺭﻳﺎﺳﺖ ﺩﭘﺎﺭﺗﻤﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ‪ Cleveland‬ﺍﻭﻫﺎﻳﻮ )‪(John R. Haaga, MD , FACR‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ‪ Thoracic , Head‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ‪ Case Western Reserve‬ﺷﻬﺮ ‪ Cleveland‬ﺍﻭﻫﺎﻳﻮ )‪(Robert C. Gilkeson, MD‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ‪ MRI ,CT Scan‬ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ‪Imaging‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻜﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ‪ MRI, CT Scan‬ﺑﻘﺪﺭ ﻛﻔﺎﻳﺖ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺟﻠﺪ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺟﻠﺪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﻨﺞ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺫﻳﻞ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﮔﻮﻳﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻴﭙﻴﻚ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻲﺩﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺥ ﻟﺒﺎﻓﻲﻧﮋﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮ ﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﻟﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻦﺑﺴﺖ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭘﻼﻙ ‪٢٣٩‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪٠٩١٢١٣٧٢٣٦١-٦٦٩٣٦٦٩٦ :‬‬
‫‪92‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻭﻝ‪ -‬ﺍﺻﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١‬ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٢‬ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻚ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ‪ -‬ﻣﻐﺰ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻨﮋﻫﺎ‬
‫‪MRI, CT Scan‬‬
‫‪CT Scan‬‬
‫‪MRI‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٣‬ﺁﻧﮋﻳﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺯﻭﻧﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺲ‬
‫)‪ :(MRI‬ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻜﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺳﻮﻡ‪ -‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺳﺮ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﻥ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٤‬ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ‪ MRI, CT Scan‬ﻣﻐﺰ ﻭ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١٤‬ﺍﻭﺭﺑﻴﺖ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٥‬ﻧﺌﻮﭘﻼﺳﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﺍﻛﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١٥‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻤﭙﻮﺭﺍﻝ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٦‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺘﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻣﻐﺰ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١٦‬ﻛﺎﻭﻳﺘﻲ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﻧﺎﺯﺍﻝ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٧‬ﺳﻜﺘﻪ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١٧‬ﺗﻮﺩﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺁﺩﻧﻮﭘﺎﺗﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٨‬ﻣﺎﻟﻔﻮﺭﻣﺎﺳﻴﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ ﻭ ﺁﻧﻮﺭﻳﺴﻤﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١٨‬ﺣﻨﺠﺮﻩ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٩‬ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١٩‬ﻧﺎﺯﻭﻓﺎﺭﻧﻜﺲ ﻭ ﺍﻭﺭﻓﺎﺭﻧﻜﺲ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١٠‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﺩﮊﻧﺮﺍﺗﻴﻮ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٢٠‬ﻏﺪﺩ ﺗﻴﺮﻭﺋﻴﺪ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﺗﻴﺮﻭﺋﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy -١١‬ﻣﻐﺰ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٢١‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺳﺮ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١٢‬ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻨﮋﻳﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -١٣‬ﻟﻮﻛﻮﺍﻧﺴﻔﺎﻟﻮﭘﺎﺗﻲﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺩﻣﻴﻠﻴﻨﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ‪ -‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻗﻔﺴﺔ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٢٧‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻧﺌﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻧﺸﻴﻤﺎﻝ ﺭﻳﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٢٨‬ﻧﺌﻮﭘﻼﺳﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺭﻳﻮﻱ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ MRI, CT Scan -٣١‬ﺁﺋﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﺭﺍﺳﻴﻚ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ CT Scan -٣٢‬ﻗﻠﺐ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻳﻜﺎﺭﺩ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٣٠‬ﺟﻨﺐ )ﭘﻠﻮﺭ( ﻭ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﺓ ﻓﻘﺴﺔ ﺻﺪﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٢٩‬ﻣﺪﻳﺎﺳﺘﻦ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ MRI -٣٣‬ﻗﻠﺐ‬
‫ﺟﻠﺪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻫﺎﮔﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ ٤‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻓﺼﻮﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺫﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺷﺸﻢ‪ -‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺷﻜﻢ ﻭ ﻟﮕﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﻔﺘﻢ‪ -‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻜﻠﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٤٦‬ﺗﻮﻣﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺳﻜﻮﻟﻮﺍﺳﻜﻠﺘﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ MRI, CT Scan -٤٧‬ﭘﺎ ﻭ ﻣﭻ ﭘﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٤٨‬ﺯﺍﻧﻮ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٤٩‬ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﺭﺍﻥ )‪(Hip‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٥٠‬ﺷﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٣٤‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﮔﻮﺍﺭﺵ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٣٥‬ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﺩﻩﺍﻱ ﻛﺒﺪ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٣٦‬ﻛﺒﺪ‪ :‬ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻲ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٣٧‬ﻛﻴﺴﻪ ﺻﻔﺮﺍ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﻭﻱ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٣٨‬ﭘﺎﻧﻜﺮﺍﺱ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٣٩‬ﻃﺤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٤٠‬ﻏﺪﺩ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻛﻠﻴﻮﻱ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٤١‬ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ ‪ -٤٢‬ﭘﺮﻳ