LTE technology and its comparison to
other technologies used in Wireless
broadband communication
Sarah Chee
Nov 2009
Contents
Introduction
LTE
WiBro
DMB
ATSC--M/H
ATSC
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
1
Generation of Mobile Communication
Generation
1G
2G
Feature
Service
• Analog
• Calling on mobile was the only service
• Has not been so activated
• No data service
• Digital
• Telephone + Large scale of data service
• Small and light devices
• Enhanced quality of telecommunication
• GSM & CDMA
― GSM: Predominant in EU
― CDMA: Partly used in NA & Asia
3G
• WCDMA & CDMA 1x-EVDO
• Enhanced and powerful mobility
― WCDMA
• High speed & large volume of data transmission
» Successor of GSM, proposed by 3GPP
• Wireless Internet connection, mobile broadcasting,
» High quality of voice communication with mobility: can real time traffic information, mobile e-commerce, etc
make a call moving with the speed of 100km/h
» Dominant in EU
― CDMA 1x EVDO
» Successor of CDMA, Initiated by Qualcomm
» High speed/large scale of data transmission up to 2.4 Mbps
» Wireless Internet connection -> real-time traffic info
service, mobile e-commerce, mobile broadcasting, etc
4G
• LTE & Wibro
• Multimedia service
― Voice
― Data
― Video (mobile broadcasting, mobile VoD, video call, etc)
― LTE: Long Term Evolution
» WCDMA inheritance, EU is leading, 3GPP
» Based on Cellular Phone and telecom
― Wibro: Mobile Wimax
» Korea is leading
» Based on Wireless Internet
• Diverse service on various different devices including
cellular phone, smart phone, PMP, GPS, NetBook, etc.
Who’s gonna win?
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
2
Evolution of Mobile Internet
Mobility
High Speed
Low
Speed
Source: Mobile Web 2008 Conference [Mobile Web 2.0 Forum]
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
3
LTE (Long Term Evolution)
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
4
Overview
• Long Term Evolution (LTE) is one of the 4th generation mobile
broadband standard.
• Much of 3GPP Release 8 will focus on adopting 4G mobile
communications technology.
• Successor of WCDMA
• Provides
― Downlink peak rates of at least 100 Mbps
― Uplink of at least 50 Mbps
(=> Can download 700 MB film within one minute)
― RAN round-trip times of less than 10 ms
― Scalable carrier bandwidths, from 20 MHz down to 1.4 MHz
― Both Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) and Time Division Duplexing
(TDD) in the same platform
― Backward compatibility
― High throughput, low latency
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
5
Standard Specification
• For every 20 MHz of spectrum, peak download rates of 326.4 Mbit/s for 4x4 antennas, and
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•
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•
•
•
•
•
•
172.8 Mbit/s for 2x2 antennas.
Peak upload rates of 86.4 Mbit/s for every 20 MHz of spectrum using a single antenna.
Five different terminal classes have been defined from a voice centric class up to a high end
terminal that supports the peak data rates. All terminals will be able to process 20 MHz
bandwidth.
At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell. (Specifically, 200 active data clients)
Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets
Increased spectrum flexibility, with spectrum slices as small as 1.5 MHz (and as large as 20 MHz)
supported (W-CDMA requires 5 MHz slices, leading to some problems with roll-outs of the
technology in countries where 5 MHz is a commonly allocated amount of spectrum, and is
frequently already in use with legacy standards such as 2G GSM and cdmaOne.) Limiting sizes
to 5 MHz also limited the amount of bandwidth per handset
Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and up to 100 km cell sizes
supported with acceptable performance
Co-existence with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or transfer of data in an
area using an LTE standard, and, should coverage be unavailable, continue the operation
without any action on their part using GSM/GPRS or W-CDMA-based UMTS or even 3GPP2
networks such as cdmaOne or CDMA2000)
Support for MBSFN (Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network). This feature can deliver
services such as Mobile TV using the LTE infrastructure, and is a competitor for DVB-H-based TV
broadcast.
PU2RC as a practical solution for MU-MIMO. The detailed procedure for the general MU-MIMO
operation is handed to the next release, e.g., LTE-Advanced, where further discussions will be
held.
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
6
LTE in the World (1)
• TeliaSonera Is preparing to provide LTE commercial service to
Sweden and Norway in 2010
―Samsung made a contract with TeliaSonera to provide LTE Terminal (Oct
2009).
» USB Dongle type data modem with Kalmia chip
» Support 2.6GHz LTE Service Frequency
» Meet the ‘3GPP LTE Release 8 specification’
―Ericson provides router and switch for LTE networks.
―Ericsson and Samsung Electronics have successfully achieved
interoperability between the world's first commercial LTE device from
Samsung and the live network from Ericsson in Stockholm, Sweden.
• LG, Nokia Siemens Succeed in LTE Interoperability Test
―Nokia Siemens Networks and LG Electronics announced they have
completed the first end-to-end LTE (Long-Term Evolution)
interoperability tests band using Nokia Siemens’ LTE radio equipment
and LG’s LTE USB datacard (Nov 25 2009).
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
7
LTE in the World (2)
• Global Telecom Companies announce a Standard Based Solution for Voice
and SMS Services Over LTE, One Voice Initiative. (Nov 4 2009)
―The telecommunications industry leaders (AT&T*, Orange, Telefonica,
TeliaSonera, Verizon, Vodafone, Alcatel-Lucent, Ericsson, Nokia Siemens
Networks, Nokia, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., and Sony Ericsson) have jointly
developed a technical profile for LTE voice and SMS services, also known as the
One Voice initiative.
―To guarantee international roaming and interoperability for LTE voice and SMS
services and to offer both broadband access and telephony services over LTE will
create strong foundations for future business.
―The profile defines an optimal set of existing 3GPP-specified functionalities that
all industry stakeholders, including network vendors, service providers and
handset manufacturers, can use to offer compatible LTE voice solutions.
• LGT decided to adopt LTE for their 4G service in Korea (Nov 2009).
• Ericson, Siemens, Nokia, and Huawai are competing in LTE infra network
area.
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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Plan for Adapting LTE in the World
Country
United States
Telecom Company
LTE Service Launching
Verizon
2010
MetroPCS
2010
CenturyPCS
2010
Aircell
2011
Cox
2011
AT&T Mobility
2011
NTT DoCOMo
2010
KDDI
2010
SKT
TBD
KTF
TBD
LGT
2010
Germany
T-Mobile
2011
France
Orange
2011
Norway
TeliaSonera
2010
Sweden
TeliaSonera
2010
China
China Mobile
2011
China Telecom
2011 ~ 2
Japan
Korea
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
9
WiBro
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
10
WiMAX
• Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
• Telecommunication
technology that provides wireless
transmission of data using a variety of transmission modes,
from point-to-multipoint links to portable and fully mobile
internet access.
• Provides up to 100 Mbps data rate without the need for cables.
• Based on the IEEE 802.16 standard (also called Broadband
Wireless Access).
• The name "WiMAX" was created by the WiMAX Forum, which
was formed in June 2001 to promote conformity and
interoperability of the standard
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
11
IEEE 802.
802.16 Specification 2004
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
12
WiBro:: Overview
WiBro
• Wireless Broadband Internet technology developed by the
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•
•
•
South Korean telecoms industry.
Is the South Korean service name for IEEE 802.16e (Mobile
WiMAX) international standard. In late 2005 ITU reflected
WiBro as IEEE 802.16e.
Adopts TDD for duplexing, OFDMA for multiple access and
8.75 MHz as a channel bandwidth.
Devised to overcome the data rate limitation of mobile
phones (for example CDMA 1x) and to add mobility to
broadband Internet access.
You can access broadband internet service when you are
moving using WiBro terminals such as laptop and UMPC (with
WiBro modem), WiBro cellular, and PMP.
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
13
WiBro in Korea
• KT and SKT launched WiBro around Seoul area on June 30, 2006 and they
now launched WiBro coverage for all areas of Seoul including all subway
lines.
• KT: Wave 2 (18.4 Mbit/s, 4 Mbit/s) for about $20 a month with 30GB data
usage.
• SKT: Wave 2 for about $16 a month with 30GB data usage.
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
14
Service Example
Example:: CCTV using WiMAX
Sector 1
Central Control Center
Sector 2
WiMAX
WiMAX
CCTV & WiMAX
CCTV using WiMAX
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
15
Future Direction of WiBro in Korea
• The Gov announced ‘Wireless Internet Activation Plan’ in Sep
2009.
―By the end of 2013,
» Increase the supply of smart phone up to 4 million (current: half million)
» Increase wireless internet subscriber’s rate up to 40% (current: 10%)
―Lower the price
―Provide cheaper smart phone and convergence terminal of WiBro and
WiFi
―Develop public wireless service model
―Activate smart phone content business
―Provide various convergence service of WiBro/WCDMA/WiFi
=> Global Mobile Internet Testbed, leads global market
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
16
Future Development of WiMAX
• The IEEE 802.16m standard is the core technology for the proposed Mobile
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•
WiMAX Release 2, which has been submitted to the ITU for IMT-Advanced
standardization.
IEEE 802.16m is one of the major candidates for IMT-Advanced
technologies by ITU.
IEEE 802.16m systems can provide four times faster data speed than the
current Mobile WiMAX Release 1 based on IEEE 802.16e technology.
Mobile WiMAX Release 2 will provide strong backward compatibility with
Release 1 solutions.
It is anticipated that in a practical deployment, using 4X2 MIMO in the
urban microcell scenario with only a single 20 MHz TDD channel available
system wide, the 802.16m system can support both 120 Mbit/s downlink
and 60 Mbit/s uplink per site simultaneously.
It is expected that the WiMAX Release 2 will be available commercially in
the 2011-2012 timeframe.
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
17
Patent Portfolio for 4G (LTE & WiBro)
Patent of Mobile WiMAX
(TechIPm, Oct 30 2009)
600
Patent of Mobile LTE
(ETSI IPR, Sep 30 2009)
500
523
500
400 405
400
300
249
300
206
200
200
100
0
151
165
Samsung
LG
108
107
Intel
ETRI
95
Motorola
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
147
100
0
Qualcomm InterDigital
Nokia
Samsung
Huawei
18
LTE vs WiBro
LTE
Base
WiBro
• Voice communication
• Data communication
• GSM & WCDMA inheritance
• Wireless LAN Tech (IEEE 802.16x series) +
Mobility
• Voice oriented service
• Data oriented service
• Enhance data transmission speed
• Add mobility to wired broadband internet
• Backward compatibility
• Provide VoIP service to fill the gap of voice
communication
Data
Speed
• Download 100 M
• Download 120M
• Upload 50 M
• Upload 60M
Commerci 2010 ~
alize
Remarks
June 2006
• Regardless of their base technology, both of them aim to provide convergence service of
voice and data.
• LTE is widely adopted in EU, while WiBro is adopted in Korea and some part of Asia.
=> means LTE is more competitive and going to be a winner?
― The commercial service of WiBro has been providing since 2006, while LTE is still in preparation
stage.
― The development of chipsets and terminals, various stable services for LTE is not matured enough
compared with WiBro.
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
19
DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting)
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
20
Overview
• Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB) is a digital radio
transmission technology developed by South Korea for
sending multimedia such as TV, radio and datacasting to
mobile devices.
• It can operate via satellite (S-DMB) or terrestrial (T-DMB)
transmission.
• T-DMB is an ETSI standard (TS 102 427 and TS 102 428). As of
December 14, 2007, ITU formally approved T-DMB as the
global standard, along with three other standards, like DVB-H,
OneSeg, and MediaFLO.
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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T-DMB:
DMB: Architecture
• T-DMB is made for transmissions on
•
•
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•
radio frequency bands band III (VHF)
and L (UHF), for terrestrial.
T-DMB uses MPEG-4 Part 10 (H.264)
for the video and MPEG-4 Part 3
BSAC or HE-AAC V2 for the audio.
The audio and video is encapsulated
in MPEG-2 TS.
The stream is forward error corrected
by Reed Solomon encoding and the
parity word is 16 bytes long. In order
to diminish the channel effects such
as fading and shadowing, DMB
modem
uses
OFDM-DQPSK
modulation.
A single-chip T-DMB receiver is also
provided by an MPEG-2 transport
stream demultiplexer.
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
MPEG-4 AVC
Video
MPEG-4
BSAC
Audio
MPEG-4 BIFS
Interactive
Contents
MPEG-4 SL
Encapsulation
MPEG-4 SL
Encapsulation
MPEG-4 SL
Encapsulation
MPEG-2 TS Multiplexing
Forward Error Correction
EU-147 Stream Mode
22
T-DMB:
DMB: Service Architecture
T-DMB= legacy DAB services + video service
• (JPEG) Slide Show
• Broadcast Web Site
• EPG
• TPEG
TPEG
• Download service
TMC
MCI
2
Multi
D
T
Ch
Ch.
L
D
S
C
EWS
&
Audio
IP
MOT
Tunneling
TDC
AVC
MPEG-4
BSAC
BIFS
HE-AAC
PAD
NPAD
SI
MPEG-4 SL
MPEG-2 TS
FIDC
FIC
Audio
Packet Mode
Stream Mode
Service
(Data Service)
(Video Service)
MSC
Eureka-147
DLS: Dynamic Label Segment, FIC: Fast Information Channel, FIDC: Fast Information Data Channel, IP: Internet Protocol,
MCI: Multiplex Configuration Information, MOT: Multimedia Object Transfer, MSC: Main Service Channel, NPAD: Non PAD
PAD: Program Associated Data, SI: Service Information, TDC: Transparent Data Channel TMC: Traffic Message Channel
EWS: Emergency Warning Systems
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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T-DMB:
DMB: BWS Service
News Sections, 6 Items
JPEG Slide Show of related news
(By ECMA Script)
Main News for each Item
The last Editing Time
MNG Moving Commercial
Scrolling Topics
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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T-DMB:
DMB: TPEG(1
TPEG(1)
PTI (Public Traffic Information)
CTT (Congestion and Travel Time estimation)
노선별 예상대기시간
산업단지5거리
선택
--
이전
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
간선[B]504 : 5분
지선[G]5528 : 2분
지선[G]5615 : 10분
지선[G]5619 : 10분
지선[G]5626 : 3분
--
간선[B]504
선택
이전
상세노선도
서울역
구로전화국
신용산역
가산초등학교앞
신림4거리
산업단지5거
리
산업단지5거리
난곡입구
철산아파트
구간이동
디지털3단지4거리
선택
이전
--
--
이전
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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T-DMB:
DMB: TPEG(2
TPEG(2)
SDI (Safe Drive Information)
POI (Point of Interest)
80km/h
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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T-DMB:
DMB: Interactive Service
Interactive menus
Additional informations
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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T-DMB Receivers in Korea
• larger screen (5~7”)
• regular access
• passive
• no return channel
• small screen (2”)
• limited resources
• always on (possibly)
• personal
• hand-held
• return channel
Cellphone
40.6%
PDA , PMP
8. 9 %
Navigation
43.6%
Others
5.8%
Notebook
1.1%
as of September 2007: (7.2million receivers)
(Forecasts 10 Million users in 2010)
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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DMB in EU
Country
France
Status
• GRN decided to adopt DMB for Band III in 2008
• In 2009, CSA has been announced to start DMB in Paris, Nice, and
Marseille
Italy
• RaiWay:
― Trial test for DMB from Feb 2007 ~ May 2007
― Plans to start the whole country coverage service from 2010
Norway
• NRK, TV2, MTG established NMTV for commercialize DMB
• Providing DMB service: 6 TV channels, 15 Radio channels
England
• Postponed the decision on DMB, focusing on DAB digital radio service
Netherland
• MTVLN
― DMB trial broadcasting in 2007
― Is preparing commercial DMB service
Checo
• Is preparing the trail broadcasting of DAB+ and T-DMB
Malta
• Expects to have a trial broadcasting of DAB+ and T-DMB in 2009
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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ATSC––M/H
ATSC
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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What is ATSCATSC-M/H ?
• ATSC-M/H (Advanced Television Systems Committee - Mobile/Handheld) is
a standard in the USA for mobile digital TV, that allows TV broadcasts to be
received by mobile devices.
• Standard: ATSC Mobile DTV Standard A/153 (Oct 2009)
―for the delivery of over-the-air digital multimedia services to consumer devices
• Just as the DVB-H and 1seg are mobile TV extensions to the DVB-T and
•
•
•
•
ISDB-T terrestrial digital TV standards respectively, ATSC-M/H is a
suggested extension to the available digital TV broadcasting standard ATSC
A/53.
Mobile DTV service within broadcaster’s existing DTV channel assignment
(not a cellular approach)
No outside service providers required
100% backward compatible addition to ATSC main transmission
Transmitted spectrum identical to 8-VSB, so no additional FCC
authorization
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Overall Structure
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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Consumer Devices
• DTV Mobile broadcasts can reach many varieties of devices
with video capabilities
―Mobile phones, PDA’s, Laptops, Screens in vehicles, Portable DVD
players, Handheld gaming devices, Other PMP’s, even Fixed TV’s
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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Functions
• Multi-channel real time program
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•
•
streams
Non-real time program delivery
Electronic program guide with
banned advertising
Viewer tracking to support
advertising
Conditional access to support
subscription and pay-per-view
programming
Program preview
Detailed program Information
Interactivity
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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System Architecture
Encoder: Compresses and encodes audio/video program content into low bit rate IP packetized data streams for transmission to ARSC M/H enabled
receiving devices
IP Encapsulator: Encapsulates IP datagrams from Encoders, ESG, Non real time servers and Service/Content protection systems in MPEG-2 transport
packets so that they can be multiplexed into the ATSC transport stream for transporting to the stations transmitter.
Multiplexer: Multiplexes IP datagrams encapsulated in MPEG2 transport packets into the stations ATSC transport stream. Also adds O&M packets to
signaling if SFN is utilized. Generates and injects some of the MH signaling.
Emission Control: Configures the required Operation and Maintenance (OM) packets that provide instructions to the ATSC M/H exciter and/or pre
procesor.
Exciter: Generates ATSC 8VSB main service signal modulation while processing M/H content with RS coding, trellis coding, serial concantinated coding
and adds training signals for enhanced M/H reception.
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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Protocol Stack
Application
RME
Presentation Layer
Session Layer
Service
Guide
CEA708
FLUTE
STKM
LTKM
SMT
Etc.
AVC
HE-AAC
ALC
NTP
RTCP
AFD
RTP
UDP
Network &
Transport Layer
IPv4
FIC
RS Frame
M/H Physical Layer (Wireless)
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M/W Architecture
ESG App.
A/V Player
SVG App.
ESG
Application Framework
ATSC-M/H M/W Core Interface
Signaling & ESG
Controller
M/H TP Decoder
CH & SVC
Navigator
Media
Framework
RF/BB Controller
System Manager
Porting Layer(OS, Main Processor)
Protection
Adaptor
- M/H TP Decoding/Demux
- RF/BB/MM Control
- Channel DB/ESG
- CAS/DRM Interface
MM Controller
Management and control for
Service, Application, Resource,
Storage and etc.
Common Interface Layer
for various OS and Multimedia IC
HAL(H/W Abstraction Layer)
Device Platform
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Service Examples
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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Status
• OMVC (Open Mobile Video Coalition),
an alliance of U.S. commercial
and public broadcasters formed to
accelerate the development and
rollout of ATSC Mobile DTV products
and services.
• Multiple field test in USA has
been successfully completed.
―On-time delivery of transmit
and equipment
―Robust reception in signal
challenged areas
―Broad coverage area achieved
―Backward compatibility proven
• Honduras recently adopted ATSC.
• The trail test is being processed in Honduras, Costa Rica, Peru, Argentina,
Columbia, Guatemala, and Chile, and Philippine as well.
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ATSC--M/H Channels (Services) in Washington DC
ATSC
• Washington DC (Show case market): Aug 22, 2009
• 7 broadcasters (Stations)/12 services in Washington DC are now
broadcasting ATSC-M/H, 3 new channels ( 5 new services) have started
additionally.
• Other markets with ATSC-M/H broadcasting now (13 markets (cities) in
total)
―New York, Chicago, Denver, Atlanta, Boltimore, LA, Austin, Seattle, San
Francisco, Boston, Omaha
―13 ~ 15 broadcasters is now ATSC-M/H trial service in US.
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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Conclusion
• The wireless communication technology is evolving to provide
personalized interactive convergent service (voice + data,
telecommunication + broadcasting, more interactive services,
etc).
• Limitations on 4G
― The number of cellular wireless subscriber is quite in saturated stage
― In 4G, the growth of data traffic ≠ the growth of users or income
― The tough competition on devices may bring the market reduction
• The policy to vitalize 4G market is needed
―
―
―
―
―
The entrance barrier for new business party has to be lowered
The various regulations have to be postponed or reduced
Speed up the development of devices
Promote diverse convergent services
Lower the price of services
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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Thanks !
LTE and its comparison in wireless broadband network
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