Introduction to WiBro
(Mobile WiMAX)
Sep. 29. 2005
Han-Seok Kim
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Contents
Introduction to Mobile WiMAX
Why Mobile WiMAX
Mobile WiMAX services
WiBro in Korea
WiBro overview
WiBro project milestone
Standardization
Mobile WiMAX vs. Fixed WiMAX
Samsung contributions in 802.16e
Samsung Mobile WiMAX solution
Network architecture
Product roadmap
Research Issues
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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83
Introduction to Mobile WiMAX
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Introduction to Mobile WiMAX
What is Mobile WiMAX?
Mobile WiMAX is a Wireless Broadband access technology
based on IEEE 802.16e standard.
WiBro is the Korean Wireless Broadband access service
compliant with IEEE 802.16e standard.
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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84
Introduction to Mobile WiMAX
Korean Telecom Market Trend
Mobile Data Market
Broadband Market
(Unit: Million)
73%
79%
77%
13,813
64%
11.2
9.9
7.8
26%
17,447
(Unit: US $M)
14,941
15,861
12.2
11.8
TT
TT
3,326
2%
534
0.3
1999
2001
2002
2003
2001
2004 June, 2005
1,204
2002
2,217
2003
2004
Cellular revenue
Mobile data revenue
Total broadband subscriber
Broadband household penetration
Source: MIC
■ Broadband market is saturated
Source: KISDI
Extend to new biz. Segment (Wireless)
Provide new service for mobile data users
■ Mobile data market is rapidly growing
©2005 Samsung Electronics
( More bandwidth per user and
inexpensive service charge)
5
Introduction to Mobile WiMAX
Challenges in Telecom. Biz
Wireline Broadband
WiFi Hot Spot
Enough Speed
Good Quality
Unlicensed Spectrum
Portability
Subscriber Saturation
No Mobility
Lack of Coverage
Limited Public
Network Service
3G Success
3G Challenges&
Enhancement
Good Coverage
Int’l Roaming
Camera/Polyphonic
Good Voice Quality
Limited Spectrum
Limited Data Speed
©2005 Samsung Electronics
Enhanced Data Rate
Enhanced Services
(BCMCS, PTT, VoIP, etc)
Limited Spectrum
Cost Issue
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85
Advanced
Wi-Fi
?
Enhanced
3G
Introduction to Mobile WiMAX
Why Mobile WiMAX
Analysis of Customer Needs
WLAN
Wireless Internet (1x+EVDO)
Limited Mobility
Low Data Speed
Limited Coverage
Expensive Price
Needs of Enhanced Mobility,
Coverage, Speed & Price advantage
Mobile WiMAX
Wired B.B. Internet *
Place
1. Home
(90 %)
2. Company (30 %)
3. PC Cafe (22 %)
1. Information Search
2. Game
3. e-mail
Mobility - None
Price -low
Comparison Security – Good
Data Speed - High
Service
Wireless Internet
WLAN *
Mobile WiMAX **
(EVDO)*
1. Home
(41 %) 1.Enterprise
2. School/Work (31 %) 2.Home residential consumer
3. In Movement (26 %) 3.Lap top users, Multimedia
1. School/Work (72 %)
2. Home
(26 %)
3. Airport
( 1 %)
1. Ring-tone/Melody
2. Game
3. Music
Mobility - High
Price - High
Security - Fair
Data Speed - Low
Similar with Broadband
Internet Service
Mobility - Low
Price - Low
Security - Low
Data Speed - High
1. Commerce / Government
2. Media / Public Safety
3. VOIP / LBS/ Gaming
Mobility - High
Price - Low
Security - Good
Data Speed - Fair
* Source: NIDA (’04.10)
©2005 Samsung Electronics
** Anticipated
7
Introduction to Mobile WiMAX
Positioning of Mobile WiMAX
User Drivers
- Always on Best Connected (ABC), Anywhere and Anytime
- Inexpensive services and applications
Operator Drivers
- Mobile broadband solution, not Fixed
- Fixed Mobile Converged services/applications
High
Throughput
DSL/
Cable
4G Mobile Communication
WLAN
Mobile WiMAX
3G Mobile Communication
Fixed
©2005 Samsung Electronics
Mobility
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Mobile WiMAX Services
Mobile WiMAX Services Positioning
f Low cost, mobile broadband networking
Mobility
Mobile WiMAX services
position enabler
High
3G
1. Mobility
- Service in 120km/hr
- Fixed Æ Mobile internet access
- Dual mode service synergy
(802.16e + cellular)
802.16e
Broadband
Internet
2. Broadband
- UL 512, DL 128kbps guaranteed
service
- Cellular base Æ Internet base
- Rich contents multimedia service
2G
Guaranteed
Mobility
WLAN
xDSL
Wide
Bandwidth
©2005 Samsung Electronics
3. Low cost
- Low tariff to subscribe
- Low investment risk
9
Introduction to Mobile WiMAX
Towards 4G Services
Mobility
1995
2000
2005
2010
4G
4G
High
NG
NG Mobile
Mobile
Service
Service
WCDMA
2G/2.5G
Medium
Mobile
Access
EvDo
Core
Technology
Cellular/PCS
Mobile
WiMAX
(802.16e)
Pedestrian
Stationary
MIMO
MIMO
802.16d
2.4GHz
WLAN
Fixed
Wireless
Access
Voice
Date
OFDMA
OFDMA
3G
Image/
Video
Smart
Smart
Ant.
Ant.
5GHz
WLAN
High Quality Streaming/
Data Rate
Multimedia
Graphic
• OFDMA : Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Access
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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• MIMO : Multi Input Multi Output
Introduction to Mobile WiMAX
802.16e Business Segment
Mobile
Nomadic
. Wireline incumbents
VoIP
- KT, BT, FT
: Expanding its business to
mobile market
. Bundle service
- KT/KTF
: Cellular + WLAN
. Greenfield operator
- New player
: Service convergence
. Wireline operators
. Mobile operator
- Telefonica, UPC, Telkom
- mmO2, M1
: Wireless DSL
: Wireless Backhaul: Orange
- Sprint, KDDI, SKT
- SingTel
: High speed data network
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Introduction to Mobile WiMAX
802.16e Business Model
Mobile
Nomadic
“Alternative mobile”
Data
+
VoIP
. Wireline based network convergence
(Supported by Single 802.16e terminal)
- IMS Core network useful
“WLAN + Cellular bundle”
. Potential threat to mobile operator
“Hotzone”
“Mobile Broadband”
Data
. Wireless based network convergence
(DBDM terminal necessary)
- GSM, CDMA complementary
- Mobile roaming market considered
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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. Wireless DSL/Backhaul
- Competition with FWA(802.16d)
- WLAN complementary
. Wider and seamless Internet access
. Biz solution for private hotzone owner
(shopping mall, Amusement Park)
Introduction to Mobile WiMAX
Mobile WiMAX Services
z Telematics
z MMS + IM
z VoIP
z PTA
here
- Traffic Info.
- Location search
here
- PTT (Push to talk- 1:N telephony)
- PTD (Push to Data - Send data during PTT)
- PTV (Push to Video - 1:N Video telephony)
z LoBlog
- LBS + Blog
Messaging &
Communication
LBS
“Anytime, Anywhere and Any device”
Personalized Multimedia
Public Safety
z Emergency
z AOD/ MOD
z Surveillance
z VOD
zSecurity
z Streaming Broadcasting
zDatabase Lookup
z Interactive Gaming
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Introduction to Mobile WiMAX
Mobile WiMAX Global Status
▪ Mobile WiMAX is so faster than expected
. ’05.3Q: Mobile WiMAX Profile to be ratified
. ’06.3Q: Mobile WiMAX Certification
▪ A Great momentum for Mobile WiMAX booming-up
. ’07.1Q: Intel plans to roll out Mobile WiMAX chip to be embedded in Laptop
▪ Mobile WiMAX Show Case in Korea
. ’06.4 @Korea: World 1’st commercial launch of Mobile WiMAX
▪ Superior performance to the other BWA technologies
. vs. WiFi and Fixed WiMAX’06.4
▪ The major telecom vendors are participating in Mobile WiMAX,
not “Monitoring”
. Lucent, Alcatel, Motorola, ZTE, Huawei
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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WiBro in Korea
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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WiBro in Korea
WiBro overview
WiBro is the “Wireless
” service in Korea
Wireless Broadband
Broadband”
WiBro is based on Mobile WiMAX technology and Mobile
WiMAX is fully compliant with IEEE 802.16e TDD OFDMA
Standards
The World 1st TelcoTelco-grade commercial service
by April 2006 in Korea
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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WiBro in Korea
WiBro Regulation
Specification Policy
▪ WiBro is compliant with IEEE 802.16e standards
Key Requirements
▪ Min. Transfer rate : DL=512 Kbps, UL=128Kbps
▪ Channel bandwidth : ≥ 9MHz
▪ Inter-Vendor Roaming
▪ Frequency Reuse Factor is '1'
▪ Duplex = TDD & Tx/Rx Time Slot Synchronization over
operators
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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WiBro in Korea
WiBro positioning on WiMAX Forum
WiMAX forum profiles
Mobile WiMAX
(802.16e)
Fixed WiMAX
(802.16d)
Freq: 3.5G, 5.8G, …
Ch. BW:
3.5(FDD), 7/10(TDD), …
MHz
Freq: 2.3G, 2.5G, 3.5G, …
Ch. BW: 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20,
1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24,
1.75, 3.5, 7, 14, 28,
4.375, 8.75, 17.5 MHz
WiBro
Freq: 2.3G
Ch. BW: 8.75MHz
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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WiBro in Korea
WiBro Concept
Trend
Mobility
Multimedia
Convergence
Ubiquitous
Concept of WiBro
Cellular
3G
WiBro
Anywhere
High
Low price
Mobile
Anytime
Throughput ; Internet
; ~ 60km/h ; Always on
; 1Mbps/user
flat fee
Seamless
: WiBro is the stepping stone for 4G
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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WiBro in Korea
Korean WiBro Project Milestone
Aug.
Aug. 2004
2004
:: Deliberation
Deliberation Committee
Committee of
of Policy
Policy
Sep.
Sep. 2004
2004
:: Determination
Determination of
of the
the Selection
Selection Policy
Policy for
for
WiBro
Service
Providers
WiBro Service Providers
Oct.
Oct. 2004
2004
:: Announcement
Announcement of
of the
the 2.3
2.3 GHz
GHz Bandwidth
Bandwidth Allocation
Allocation
Dec.
Dec. 2004
2004
:: Request
Request for
for the
the Business
Business Proposal
Proposal
Feb.
Feb. 2005
2005
:: Selection
Selection of
of the
the WiBro
WiBro Service
Service Providers
Providers (KT,
(KT, SKT)
SKT)
Apr.
Apr. 2006
2006
:: WiBro
WiBro Service
Service Open
Open (Commercially)
(Commercially)
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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WiBro in Korea
WiBro/ IEEE 802.16e Standardization Status
WiBro Standardization Roadmap (by TTA)
Select the IEEE 802.16e for the baseline of WiBro standardization (’04.July)
Phase I
Phase I Rev.
June 2004
Oct. 2004
• 802.16 d/e
Phase II
4Q ‘04 ~ 4Q ‘05
• IOT Profile
• 802.16 d/e
WiBro
WiBro
- Profile Statement(’05.1Q)
- Spec Work (’05.2Q)
- Spec completion (’05.3Q)
IEEE 802.16e Standardization Roadmap (by IEEE)
Issue
802.16e/D5
Issue
802.16e/D6
Issue
802.16e/D7
Sep. 2004
Feb. 2005
April. 2005
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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WiBro in Korea
WiBro Business Status in Korea
Operators
Operators
yy KT,
KT, SKT
SKT
Commercial
Commercial Service
Service :: KT(April
KT(April '06)
'06)
Spectrum
Spectrum
yy 2300MHz
2300MHz ~~ 2327MHz
2327MHz
yy 2331.5MHz
~
2331.5MHz ~ 2358.5MHz
2358.5MHz
yy 2363MHz
2363MHz ~~ 2390MHz
2390MHz
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Standard
Ratification
Oct. 2005
WiBro in Korea
Specification - Physical Layer
Frequency Band
Channel Bandwidth
Multiple Access
Modulation
Channel Coding
Key Features
Frame Length
Maximum Data Rate
RAS Synchronization
Cell Coverage
: 2.3 GHz
: 9MHz
: TDD/OFDMA
: QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM(DL Only)
: CTC(Convolutional Turbo Code), CC
: AMC, H-ARQ, etc
: 5msec
: DL-19.97 Mbps, UL-5.53 Mbps
: GPS
: urban ~ 1Km
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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WiBro in Korea
Specification - MAC Layer (1/3)
Flexible Bandwidth Allocation by MAP
– Frame by Frame
Supports flexible QoS offering
– BE, rtPS, nrtPS, UGS, ertPS
Efficient MAC PDU construction
– Variable size MAC PDU
– Fragmentation, Packing, Concatenation
Connection-oriented
Supports header suppression
ARQ
Awake mode / Sleep mode / Idle mode
QCS (Quick Connection Setup)
Handover
– MBB(Make-Before-Break), BBM(Break-Before-Make)
– FBSS(Fast BS Switching)
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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WiBro in Korea
Specification-Network Layer
IP version
–
–
IPv4
IPv6
IP QoS
–
–
Diffserv
Packet classification and mapping to MAC transport connection
Mobility
–
–
L2 mobility for seamless handover
Mobile IP
Authentication/Security
–
–
EAP / PKI
RADIUS / DIAMETER
Network Management
–
–
SNMP
Self-configuration capability
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Standardization
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Standardization
802.16 Standards Genealogy
802.16
(2001)
Fixed wireless broadband for LOS systems
MAC & PHY: 10 – 66 GHz
Evaluation
Path
802.16c
(2002)
802.16f (MIBs)
and 802.16g
(NETMAN) planned
Amendment for N-LOS Systems
Fixed wireless broadband
PHY: 2 - 11 GHz
802.16a
(2003)
Amendment
for System Profiles
10 - 66 GHz
Revision PAR for 802.16, 802.16a
Fixed wireless broadband
System Profiles, Errata
Now Approved as 802.16-2004!
802.16-Revd
(July 2004)
Amendment for Combined Fixed and Mobile
wireless broadband at vehicular speeds in
Licensed bands below 6 GHz
802.16e
(2Q 2005)
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Standardization
802.16 Technologies
802.16
802.16a / REV d
802.16e
Completed
Dec. 2001
802.16a: Jan 2003
802.16 REV d: Q3 2004
Spectrum
10 to 66 GHz
< 11 GHz
< 6 GHz
Channel
Conditions
Line-of-sight only
Non line-of-sight (NLOS)
Non line-of-sight
Modulation
QPSK, 16 QAM
and 64 QAM
256 OFDM, 2K OFDMA
64 QAM, 16 QAM, BPSK
Same as REV d
1K/512/128 OFDMA
Fixed
Fixed and Portable
Mobility, Regional
Roaming
Channel
Bandwidths
20, 25 & 28 MHz
Selectable channel bandwidth
between 1.25 and 28 MHz,
with up to 16 logical subchannels
Same as REV d
Typical Cell
Radius
1 to 3 miles
3 to 5 miles; Maximum range 30
miles based on tower height,
antenna, gain and transmit power
(among other parameters)
1 to 3 miles
Mobility
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Estimate: 2Q
of 2005
Standardization
Mobile WiMAX vs. Fixed WiMAX
WiMAX Status
• WiMAX currently focused on fixed applications i.e. 802.16d and
has growing membership (170+)
• Major telco(3G) vendors are rushing in WiMAX
• Nokia rejoined WiMAX and Samsung is the latest heavy hitter
Created Mobile Working Group focused on 802.16e
under WiMAX
• Define mobility charter and structure with major stakeholders
• Activate mobility technical WG and certified WG
• Profile 802.16e standards (current D5 spec.) to WiMAX
specification
• Time to market delivery of mobile wireless broadband
• Harmonize major 3G vendors with full ecosystem vendors
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Standardization
Mobile WiMAX vs. Fixed WiMAX (For Fixed Applications)
Mobile WiMAX
Fixed WiMAX
Access Technology
OFDMA / TDD
OFDM / TDD
TDMA
Standard
802.16d + 802.16e
802.16d
IEEE802.16-2004 = 16d
Technology
General
Notes
FFT Size
2048, 1024, 512, 128
256
Scalable OFDMA in 16e
Mobility support
Full mobility, Fixed
Fixed
Handover in 16e
Coverage
Full coverage
Limited coverage
Cell
Low Rate Coding
QPSK 1/12
BPSK 1/2
Deployment
Frequency Reuse
pattern (FRP)
1 or n ( n≥3)
n (n≥3)
Building Penetration
Throughput
Performance
(8.75MHz)
Mobile WiMax is > 3dB deeper than WiMax
(estimated)
Peak Throughput
DL: 19.97Mbps
DL: 18.32Mbps
(SISO)
UL: 5.53Mbps
UL: 6.11Mbps
Average Throughput
(Fixed application)
©2005 Samsung Electronics
Mobile WiMax is > 30% higher than WiMax
(estimated)
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Delay spread
Low rate coding
No freq. planning for
FRP=1
Robust FEC, Fast link
adaptation, Band-AMC,
Hybrid-ARQ in 16e
DL : UL = 2 : 1
Standardization
Mobile WiMAX vs. Fixed WiMAX
Mobile WiMAX
Fixed WiMAX
Notes
Efficient
Bad
Header compression
(ECRTP, ROHC),
VoIP
ErtPS in 16e
Handover
Provided
(FBSS, Hard)
Not provided
Broadcasting Service
Provided
Not provided
MBS in 16e
Power saving
Awake mode
Idle & Sleep mode
Always Awake
Hand-held device in 16e
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Standardization
Advantages over Fixed WiMAX
Mobile WiMAX encompasses fixed application
▪ More scalable bandwidth
▪ Comparable or superior to Fixed WiMAX
Mobility support
▪ Up to 120km/h
Enhanced Service Features
▪ MBS (Multicast Broadcast Service) support
▪ VoIP facilities
▪ Security
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Standardization
Samsung contributions to 802.16d/e
Samsung is a major contributor in 802.16d/e
Subchannelization, H-ARQ, MIMO/AAS, Fast BS Switching (FBSS) ,
QCS (Quick Connection Setup), Idle mode
¾
Number of Comments
Number of Contributions
IEEE 802.16 d/e
Meeting
Total
Samsung
Total
Samsung
Session #31 (May ’04)
270
52
53
26
Session #32 (July ’04)
N/A
N/A
120
42
Session #33 (Sep. ’04)
457
75
132
35
Session #34 (Nov. ’04)
1973
96
142
30
Session #35 (Jan. ’05)
377
54
106
25
Play a role as an arbitrator
¾
Harmonize and Socialize with other participants
9
9
¾
3G vendors (e.g., Nortel, Motorola), Intel, Runcom, etc.,
LDPC (TI, Nextel, LGE, ZTE, Nortel, Motorola, Intel, Runcom)
Make special interest group as Ad hoc : Handoff, Security
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Standardization
WiMAX Forum Organization
New
Groups
WiMAX Forum
President: Ron Resnick
Intel
Application WG
Tom Tofigh
AT&T
Network WG
Prakash Lyer
Intel
Marketing WG
Mo Shakouri
Alvarion
Service Provider WG
Regulatory WG
Dean Chang
Margaret LaBrecque
Aperto
Intel
Certification WG
Aditya Agrawal
Beceem
Technical WG
Gordon Antonello
OFDMOFDM-Forum
Mobility TG
WonWon-il Roh
Samsung
• WiMAX Forum is preparing Mobility Deployment
• Samsung is a Board Member of WiMAX Forum
• Samsung chairs the Mobility TG and is vice-chair of Network WG
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution
802.16e Network Architecture
RAS(Radio Access Station)
ACR(Access Control Router)
WSM(WiMAX System Manager)
AAA(Authentication, Authorization and
Accounting)
HA (Home Agent)
WSM
WSM
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution
802.16e Network Architecture with IMS core
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
IMS : IP Multimedia Subsystem
MG / MGW : Media Gateway
PTT : Push-to-Talk
AS : Application Server
IM : Instance Messaging
CCF : Charging Collection Function
HSS : Home Subscriber Server
EMS : Element Management System
CCF
HSS
EMS
Parlay GW
DNS/ENUM
DHCP
Core
Router
PTT AS
Core
Router
Presence AS
AAA
IMS Server
IM AS
IMS Core Network
Edge
Router
MR
System
WSM
Core
Router
Core
Router
ACR
MG Controller
ACR
IMS - MGW
Backhaul
Backhaul
RAS
PDA
RAS
MSS
RAS
MSS
Mobile
PSTN
MSS
Subnet - 1
Subnet - 0
©2005 Samsung Electronics
•
•
•
•
MSS : Mobile Subscriber Station
RAS : Radio Access Station
ACR : Access Control Router
WSM : WiBro System Manager
37
Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution
Network Elements: WSM
WSM Server
Network Management Center
CORBA,SNMP,CMIP
(customizable)
OSS
NMS Interface
Mgmt. Function-FCAPS
GUI
Network
Interface
Interface
Printer
SNMP
ACR
SNMP
IP Network
HTTP ,
TCP/IP
RAS
SNMP
WSM GUI Client
Printer
Items
Server ÅÆ Client
Server ÅÆ ACR, RAS
Server ÅÆ NMS
©2005 Samsung Electronics
(Java/Web App. on
any platform )
RAS
Printer
Interface
Protocol
100 Base-T
HTTP, RMI
FE/ GE
SNMP, FTP
Customizable
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note
EMS : SNMP
Performance Data: FTP
Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution
Network Elements: RAS, ACR
RAS
ACR
‰ PHY Processing, Air
Resource Scheduling
‰ MAC Management
Message Processing
‰ MAC PDU Processing
‰ CID Management
‰ Encryption /Decryption
‰ ACR Interface
‰ Inter-sector HO
Processing
802.16e
Access
Network
©2005 Samsung Electronics
‰ Packet Classification &
Header Suppression
‰ Service Flow
Management
‰ Traffic Switching/
Integration Point
‰ Handover Management
‰ Session Management
‰ RAS Interface
‰ Core Networks Interface
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Samsung Mobile WiMAX Solution
Mobile WiMAX Product Roadmap
The first Mobile WiMAX System/Terminal available 1Q ‘06
’06.1Q
’06.2Q
Domestic Product
2.3GHz
Overseas Product
2.3/2.5/3.5GHz
Std RAS
3FA/3S, 20W
Universal RAS
multi-FA/multisector, 20W
RAS
RAS
Mini RAS
3FA/Omni, 20W
RAN
RAN
‘07
Campus RAS
Home RAS
Hybrid ACR
ACR
ACR
Std. ACR
CPE
CPE
PCMCIA Card
External Modem
Terminal
Terminal
Phone
Phone
Type
Type
©2005 Samsung Electronics
MITS
Phone
All products, dates, plans and features are preliminary and subject to change without notice.
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Research Issues
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Research Issues
ARQ
Impact of ARQ parameters such ARQ block size, max number of
retransmissions
IP-aware MAC such as ARQ operation based on not only ARQ block
but also IP packet
vs. H-ARQ
Scheduler
Less complex, more efficient, better QoS
Handover
Less overhead, shorter break time
Etc
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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Thank You!
©2005 Samsung Electronics
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