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OSI Model
Network Fundamentals
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Layer
#
Name
Mnemonic
Encapsulation Devices or
Units
Components
7
Application
All
data
6
Presentation
People
data
5
Session
Seem
data
4
Transport
To
segments
3
Network
Need
packets
2
Data Link
Data
frames
1
Physical
Processing
bits
Keywords/Description
Network services for application processes, such as file, print,
messaging, database services
Standard interface to data for the application layer. MIME encoding, data
encryption, conversion, formatting, compression
Interhost communication. Establishes, manages and terminates
connection between applications
End-to-end connections and reliability. Segmentation/desegmentation of
data in proper sequence. Flow control
Logical
addressing
and path determination. Routing. Reporting delivery
router
errors
bridge, switch, Physical addressing and access to media. Two sublayers: Logical Link
NIC
Control (LLC) and Media Access Control (MAC)
repeater, hub,
Binary transmission signals and encoding. Layout of pins, voltages,
transciever
cable specifications, modulation
PC
OSI comparision with TCP/IP Protocol Stack
OSI # OSI Layer Name TCP/IP # TCP/IP Layer Name Encapsulation Units
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
4
Application
3
2
Transport
Internet
1
Network Access
data
data
data
segments
packets
frames
bits
TCP/IP Protocols
FTP, HTTP, POP3, IMAP, telnet, SMTP, DNS, TFTP
TCP, UDP
IP
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