ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I
Laboratory
Version B
Name________________________________________________Section_______________________
REVIEW SHEET
Exercise 10
Axial Skeleton
1 POINT EACH.
THE SKULL
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The major components of the axial skeleton include the
7. The following are some of the bones of the cranium
following EXCEPT:
EXCEPT:
A. pelvis
A. zygomatic
B. bony thorax
B. parietal
C. vertebral column
C. temporal
D. skull
D. ethmoidal
E. sphenoid
2. A fibrous joint between skull bones is called the:
A. mandible
8. Other bones of the cranium include the following:
B. ethmoid
A. occipital
C. cranium
B. frontal
D. suture
C. maxillary
E. none of the above
D. A & B
E. A & C
3. The only exception to skull bones joined by
sutures is the joint between the:
9. There is a pair of the following bones EXCEPT:
A. mandible & temporal bones
A. zygomatic
B. maxilla & temporal bones
B. lacrimal
C. sphenoid & temporal bones
C. parietal
D. frontal & parietal bones
D. temporal
E. ethmoid & nasal bones
E. frontal
4. The skull is composed of the following bones:
A. maxilla & cranium
B. cranium & facial bones
C. maxilla, mandible & cranial bones
D. frontal, parietal, occipital & temporal
E. none of the above
10. Sinuses function:
A. as resonance chambers for speech
B. to lighten the skull
C. to create the bony sockets for the eyes
D. A & B only
E A, B, & C are correct
5. The vertebral column protects the:
A. brain
B. brain & spinal cord
C. spinal cord
D. vertebrae
E. spinal column
11. The orbit is:
A. the bony outline of the nose
B. where the sinuses are found
C. the keystone of the cranial bone
D. the bony socket of the eye
E. the hole through which the spinal cord goes through
6. The bony thorax protects the following structures
EXCEPT:
A. heart
B. lungs
C. esophagus
D. aorta & vena cavae (great vessels)
E. thyroid gland
12. The following bones form the orbit EXCEPT:
A. sphenoid
B. ethmoid
C. frontal
D. maxilla
E. temporal
continued next page…………………
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13. ____ is called the keystone of the cranial floor because
it articulates with all of the other cranial bones.
A. frontal bone
B. parietal bone
C. sphenoid bone
D. ethmoid bone
E. occipital bone
14. The following statements are true of cleft palate
EXCEPT:
A. there is an opening in the palate
B. there is a continuity between the oral & nasal
cavities
C. the palatine processes of the maxillary bones fail
to fuse properly
D. it occurs at the floor of the mouth
E. the palatine bones do not fuse properly
MATCH THE BONES ON THE LEFT COLUMN WITH THE MAJOR SUTURES OF THE SKULL THEY FORM.
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16.
17.
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left & right parietal bones
parietal bones & frontal bone
parietal bone & temporal bone
parietal bones & occipital bone
A.
B.
C.
D.
coronal suture
lambdoidal suture
sagittal suture
squamous suture
MATCH THE BONE NAMES IN COLUMN B WITH THE DESCRIPTIONS IN COLUMN A. SOME CHOICES
MAY BE USED MORE THAN ONCE.
COLUMN A
COLUMN B
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forehead bone
cheekbone
lower jaw
bridge of the nose
posterior bones of the hard palate
much of the lateral & superior cranium
most posterior part of the cranium
single, irregular, bat-shaped bone forming part of cranial floor
tiny bones bearing tear ducts
superior & medial nasal conchae formed from its projections
anterior part of hard palate
site of mastoid process
site of sella tursica
site of cribiform plate
site of mental foramen
site of styloid process
one of the four sites of paranasal sinuses in forehead bone
one of the four sites of paranasal sinuses in anterior part of hard palate
one of the four sites of paranasal sinuses in cranial floor that is bat-shaped
one of the four sites of paranasal sinuses with cribiform process
condyles here articulate with the atlas
foramen magnum contained here
small U-shaped bone in neck, where many tongue muscles attach
& gets fractured in strangulation
middle ear found here
forms nasal septum together with the ethmoid
bears an upward protrusion, the “cock’s comb” or crita galli
the lower bone that contain alveoli bearing teeth
the upper bone that contain alveoli bearing teeth
A. zygomatic
B. vomer
C. temporal
D. lacrimal
E. nasal
AB. mandible
AC. maxilla
AD. occipital
AE. palatine
BD. sphenoid
BC. parietal
BE. hyoid
CD. frontal
CE. ethmoid
Continued next page…………………….
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THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN
MATCH THE CHOICES IN THE KEY WITH THE PARTS OF THE VERTEBRA IN THE DIAGRAM. NOT ALL
CHOICES MAY BE USED.
Key: A. pedicle
B. intervertebral foramina
C. lamina
D. body
E. vertebral arch
AB. superior articular process
AC. transverse process
AD. spinous process
AE. vertebral foramen
USING THE SAME KEY ABOVE, IDENTIFY THE PARTS/AREAS DESCRIBED BELOW.
___ 55. cavity enclosing the nerve cord
___ 56. weight-bearing portion of the vertebra
___ 57. provides articulation point for ribs
& in the cervical vertebrae contain foramina
___ 58. bifid in cervical, long & sharp in thoracic, & short &
blunt in lumbar vertebrae
___ 59. openings providing for exit of spinal nerves
___ 60. forms part of enclosure for spinal cord besides the
Body
THE VERTEBRAE OF THE SPINAL COLUMN HAVE DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICS MENTIONED
BELOW. IDENTIFY THE SPECIFIC REGION BY CHOOSING FROM THE KEY. THERE SHOULD BE ONLY 1
BEST CHOICE FOR EACH NUMBER.
Key: A. axis
B. atlas
C. coccyx
D. cervical vertebra (typical)
E. lumbar vertebra
AB. sacrum
AC. thoracic vertebra
___ 61. vertebral type containing foramina in the transverse ___ 65. “tail bone”; vestigial fused vertebrae
processes, through which the vertebral arteries
___ 66. supports the head; allows a rocking motion in
ascend to reach the brain
conjunction with the occipital condyles
___ 62. dens here provides a pivot for rotation of the
___ 67. seven components; unfused
first cervical vertebra (C1)
___ 68. twelve components; unfused
___ 63. composite bone; articulates with the hip bone
laterally
___ 64. massive vertebrae; weight-sustaining
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
69. The spinal nerve exits from the vertebral column via:
A. the vertebral foramen
B. intervertebral foramina
C. between the pedicles of adjacent vertebrae
D. A & C
E. B & C
Continued next page……………………
70. The factors that allow the flexibility of the vertebral column
are:
A. S-shape of the spine
B. the spinous processes
C. intervertebral discs
D. A & B
E. A & C
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71. The following statements are true of a herniated disc
EXCEPT:
A. is a ruptured intervertebral disc
B. is when a portion of the intervertebral disc
protrudes outward
C. may cause pain or possibly paralysis
D. may occur due to decrease in water content
of the intervertebral discs
E. pain or paralysis is due to compression of the
spinal cord
72. The following statements are true of the spinal curvatures
EXCEPT:
A. The thoracic & sacral curvatures are obvious birth.
B. The thoracic & sacral curvatures are the primary
curvatures.
C. The cervical & lumbar curvatures are the secondary
curvatures.
D. The cervical curvature develops when the baby begins
to run.
E. The lumbar curvature develops when the baby begins
to walk.
IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING PARTS ON THE 2 VERTEBRAL TYPES BELOW. CHOICES ARE GIVEN IN
THE KEY.
Then, IDENTIFY THE SPECIFIC TYPE OF VERTEBRAL TYPE ILLUSTRATED.
Key: A. sacrum
B. cervical vertebra
C. lumbar vertebra
D. body
E. spinous process
AB. superior articular processes
AC. thoracic vertebra
AD. transverse processes
IDENTIFY THE STRUCTURES INDICATED BY LEADER LINES ON THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN. CHOICES
ARE GIVEN IN THE KEY.
Key:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
AB.
atlas
axis
intervertebral disc
sacrum
2 thoracic vertebrae
2 lumbar vertebrae
Continued next page…………………………..
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THE BONY THORAX
MULTIPLE CHOICE
86. The major components of the thorax excluding the
vertebral column are the:
A. ribs
B. sternum
C. pelvis
D. A & B only
E. A, B, & C are correct
88. The scientific name for true ribs is:
A. vertebral ribs
B. vertebrochondral ribs
C. vertebrosternal ribs
87. The following statements are true of the ribs EXCEPT:
A. True ribs are directly attached to the sternum
by means of its own costal cartilage
B. A false rib may not be attached to the sternum at
all.
C. The 8th to the 12th ribs are floating ribs..
D. A false rib attaches to the sternum indirectly.
E. Ribs 1 to 7 are the true ribs.
89. The scientific name for false ribs ( not including the
floating ribs) is:
A. vertebral ribs
B. vertebrochondral ribs
C. vertebrosternal ribs
90. The scientific name for floating ribs is:
A. vertebral ribs
B. vertebrochondral ribs
C. vertebrosternal ribs
IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING REGIONS & LANDMARKS OF THE BONY THORAX. CHOICES ARE GIVEN IN
THE KEY.
Key:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
AB.
AC.
AD.
AE.
BC.
body
costal cartilage
false rib
floating rib
manubrium
sternal angle
sternum
true ribs
xiphisternal junction
xiphoid process
The END
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