Unified IT Demand Management An ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATES® (EMA™) Research Report Written by Charles Betz, EMA Research Director April 2012 Sponsored by: IT & DATA MANAGEMENT RESEARCH, INDUSTRY ANALYSIS & CONSULTING IT & DATA MANAGEMENT RESEARCH, INDUSTRY ANALYSIS & CONSULTING Unified IT Demand Management Table of Contents Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 1 IT Demand Management in Context................................................................................................ 2 2012 Survey Methodology................................................................................................................. 5 Summary of Key Findings................................................................................................................. 7 Demographics.............................................................................................................................. 7 Discussion.................................................................................................................................... 7 Other Results of Interest.............................................................................................................. 8 Conclusions.................................................................................................................................. 9 Detailed Findings............................................................................................................................... 9 Project Management.................................................................................................................... 9 The Decline of the PMO........................................................................................................... 12 Service Portfolio Management................................................................................................... 13 Service Management (Ticketed) Demand.................................................................................. 17 Continuous Improvement as Demand....................................................................................... 21 Prioritization.............................................................................................................................. 29 The Agile Trends........................................................................................................................ 36 Kanban, DevOps, and Prioritization.......................................................................................... 38 Demographics............................................................................................................................ 38 About Nimsoft................................................................................................................................. 46 References........................................................................................................................................ 46 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Introduction IT staffs are notoriously overburdened; stories of excessive overtime are common in the IT industry. Often, this overwork stems from the combination of many different demands. IT staff juggle multiple priorities: adding new functionality, troubleshooting and restoring service, and participating in the many forms of continuous improvement seen in enterprise IT. These multiple kinds of work frequently have no overall prioritization. IT staffers, therefore, find themselves at the receiving end of multiple queues of work, with little or no guidance as to how to manage the situation beyond “who is shouting loudest” (Figure 1). Figure 1: IT overburden The predictable result: poor IT service, not well aligned to business needs. Multi-tasking leads to inefficient use of IT staff time – results take longer to deliver when people are switching between priorities. Furthermore, the person shouting loudest may not represent the greatest value to the business. Historically, IT organizations have tried a variety of ways to mitigate this problem. Some attempt to keep a firewall between “development” and “operations” staff, but Enterprise Management Associates (EMA) believes that current trends like DevOps, Agile, and Lean IT are making this a less and less tenable approach. Recently, the concepts of “unified demand management,” “single queue,” “single funnel,” “common work management,” and related terms have emerged in IT management. Some vendors are increasing the integration between their project and service desk systems, and others are starting to offer integrated reporting across IT demand. With these types of integrations being fairly new, there are many questions regarding implementation, value, approach, and so on. Page 1 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management This EMA paper is in two parts. The first section discusses the problem of IT demand management in context. The second section reports the results of the survey on unified IT demand management. This research builds on EMA research into service desk and IT financial management. This research track uncovered clear industry concern and awareness of challenges around IT demand management. It should help IT organizations and IT management software vendors understand how their technology choices, solution architectures, and product positioning can be understood from a perspective of unified IT demand management. IT Demand Management in Context EMA is seeing the following set of current influences in the IT management tools market (Figure 2): • On the demand side, increasing pressure for agility and transparency in IT costs and service management, with expectations of improved self service provided by increasingly consumerized interfaces. • On the supply side, Cloud computing in its internal and external manifestations, driving IT towards more of a broker role in optimizing service choice, increasing service complexity, and collapsing times for provisioning, deploying, monitoring and retiring the full gamut of IT services. • In terms of execution, pressure for increased time to value, better tracking and priorization, and desire for integrated IT management suites – point solutions requiring extensive integrations are no longer desired, when comprehensive solutions are readily available at attractive price points While the focus of this research is on demand management, the supply and especially the execution sides also figured in. Strictly speaking, prioritization is an execution side activity, and will be explored more thoroughly in further research on that topic. But improved prioritization requires demand management. Figure 2: A new model for understanding IT Page 2 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Traditionally, IT fragments its resources along functional lines (plan/control; build; run), and further along whether work is formally or informally assigned: • Project management work (typically represented as an expected percentage of some person’s effort) • Ticketed work • Informally assigned work, often of a “continuous improvement” nature Historic barriers between project-centric “development” and ticket-centric “operations” have resulted in finger-pointing, churn, and diminished IT value to the business. Increasingly, resources are called upon for a greater and greater variety of work, in the service of accelerated end-to-end value. Agile calls for “generalizing specialists,” and DevOps practices call for expanded breadth of awareness across the IT value chain. Understanding the demand for IT work independently of traditional boundaries is therefore key to the next generation of IT management. Whether “new” functionality or “maintenance” effort, it’s all just work, and traditional categorizations can obscure as much as they clarify. The value of IT to the business is based on service utility and warranty, understood in terms of the business objectives at stake. IT organizations should prioritize IT work according to those criteria. A first step on this road is simply understanding the demand for IT services, whether a new functional module delivered for a critical e-business service, or a repaired laptop expedited to a key sales rep in time to finish a contract proposal. Portions of the following adapted from [1]. The “Accept Demand” process is defined as Capture, prioritize, and authorize and track response to requests and identified needs for IT services. Example: Accept request for new functionality in an HR system module. Accept request for end user provisioning. Demand management operates across the service lifecycles, and any given demand request may impact any lifecycle. Page 3 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Demand is therefore ambiguous as a process, as it must function as the front end of many other IT processes. It can be viewed as a form of registration and routing, or it can be viewed as a form of abstract, master IT process of which all the others are subtypes. These issues are discussed in depth in [1]. Aggregate demand means all of the following processes: • Project • Release • Change • Service Request • Core Transactional Delivery (i.e. infrastructure demand) • Service Restoration • Continuous Improvement ◦◦ Availability ◦◦ Capacity ◦◦ Problem ◦◦ Risk ◦◦ Continuity • Service Retirement It is not possible to manage the IT portfolio holistically unless all of this demand is understood. Yet, modern practice tends to build distinct queues for each with the individual IT contributor required to coordinate and prioritize across the incoming workstreams. This leads to overburden, poor morale, and many forms of IT waste. For example, a systems administrator might find themselves fulfilling service requests from development teams for ongoing capacity enhancements, called upon to resolve a critical service outage, and also tasked with building out a server cluster for a project. There are currently few if any IT management suites that would provide an actionable view into that individual’s effort. Figure 3: Basic demand management Page 4 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Figure 3 graphically shows the relationship between the ideas of “pre-authorized” demand versus “discretionary” demand. From a business perspective, the diagram might be painfully obvious – of course one must fulfill operational commitments before embarking on discretionary initiatives, and allocate resources to get things done! But IT management is fragmented, and too often demand is qualified and dispatched with no concern for resource availability, especially if the same resources are working disparate processes with no aggregate visibility. This leads to the notorious problem of overburden in IT work. Some promising approaches to solving this problem include: • Next-generation IT management systems that consolidate project, service, and resource management into one unified data model • Implementation of Critical Chain execution management techniques [2] • Kanban’s focus on minimizing work in progress [3] But any technical solution will depend on accepting the idea of universal demand. 2012 Survey Methodology To assess the practices and perceptions of today’s IT organizations concerning demand management, EMA conducted a survey on the topic during January and February 2012. This survey-based research explored the need for unified IT demand management in terms of managing the competition for IT resources. Data is correlated by type of company, approaches to managing IT work, and the potential need for new products. The survey targeted 150+ IT and business professionals responsible for monitoring and/or managing business applications, and examined the following questions: • How is work in organizations registered and tracked? • How mature are enterprise users’ demand management processes? • Do enterprise IT customers have a need for a unified view across project, operational, and continuous improvement work? • How do enterprise users approach service vs. project portfolio management? • What major products are used to capture and manage IT demand? • What features/functionality do enterprise users need in this area? • What specific reporting and analysis approaches would work for enterprise customers? • What terminology and messaging effectively communicates the “unified demand management” problem and market space to potential customers? Survey respondents were screened via a number of questions designed to exclude those who lacked the technical and/or business knowledge necessary to provide knowledgeable answers. EMA specifically selected IT and Line of Business professionals with knowledge relating to project management, service management, and IT continuous improvement. Page 5 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management The following definitions were provided: Service support is defined as the overall set of practices which keep IT services running, fit for purpose, and available. It enables access to and effective interaction with the IT service. The primary function concerned with Service Support is the Service Desk, and other functions such as: • Incident Management • Change Management • Service Request Management Service Support work is typically shorter in lead time (measured in days or weeks) and (when formalized as Incidents, Requests, Changes, and so forth) tracked as Service Desk tickets. IT Projects are defined as relatively long-term efforts (typically measured in months) to add a new service or application, or fundamentally change an existing one. Project Portfolio Management is defined as the process by which projects are proposed, prioritized, funded, and monitored at a high level for progress and risks. Continuous improvement work fills the middle ground between full Projects and Service Support work. It represents IT work/activities that are “too small for a project and too big for a service call.” Continuous improvement activities or initiatives may include: A Project Management Office (PMO) traditionally coordinates these activities, as well as defining overall project methodology (e.g., required milestones) for an organization. Finally, the PMO is often responsible for coordinating the time tracking associated with projects. • Adding new functionality (typically smaller increments) to existing systems • Problem (but not incident) management (a.k.a. root cause analysis) • Capacity management initiatives • Availability management initiatives • Service level management initiatives • Audit, risk, security, and compliance initiatives • Architecture initiatives • Data and/or process quality improvement (business or IT originated) • Improving existing systems, without changing functionality The following qualifying questions were asked: What is your role in IT-related work as defined as service support? What is your role in IT-related work as defined as IT Projects and/or Project Portfolio Management? What is your role in IT-related work as defined as continuous improvement? • Hands-on, directly involved • Direct managerial oversight • Overall executive oversight • Directly involved as a planner • Indirectly involved as a technical professional • Indirectly involved as a manager/ executive • Not in any way involved, just aware Page 6 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Respondents were terminated if they answered one of these for all THREE areas: • Indirectly involved as a technical professional • Indirectly involved as a manager/ executive • Not in any way involved, just aware Other qualifying questions included the respondent’s company size and their role and functional area; respondents from companies of less than 250 employees were excluded. Specifics are available on request for EMA customers. Summary of Key Findings Demographics • 70% of respondents were at a Director level or higher. • 84% worked in IT, IS or Network. Of those, a plurality self-identified as Executive IT Management. • The sample had a strong manufacturing presence, with 21% identifying that as their sector. Next highest was Government at 12%. • 96% of respondents had companies headquartered in North America. • Over 50% reported corporate revenues of greater than $100 million, with fully 26% reporting greater than $1 billion. • 85% reported IT budgets staying the same or increasing from “last year to this year.” Discussion One of the most notable results from the survey is shown in Figure 4. Are you aware of situations where poor coordination across different types of IT demand has led to poor support of business needs? Yes 66% No 34% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Column % Figure 4: Business value of demand coordination Page 7 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com 60% 70% Unified IT Demand Management Much else in the survey was consistent with this message. IT organizations struggle with understanding the demand for their services across its various channels, and have trouble prioritizing. They see value in improving the practice of demand prioritization, and are interested in better tools to help them do this. A minority of organizations (31%) actually had a practice called “demand management.” Its purpose varied greatly, but IT financial management, service portfolio management, strategic planning, and customer relationship management were the dominant themes. To a surprising degree, organizations may be using Changes as registered in their service desk as a front end to the software development lifecycle, and might benefit from improved flow between the service desk and project or ALM solutions. Of organizations that require a Project Management Office (PMO) to handle projects over a certain budget amount, that amount is either static or increasing – evidence for a hypothesis that PMO control is decreasing. The “radar ceiling” is going up and more things can “fly under” it. EMA has had discussions with senior IT executives concerned about this trend and potentially decreasing governance over IT investments. Other Results of Interest • Fully 60% of respondents reported having no capability to track project time billing, which was surprising. • Organizations with a PMO were more likely to see the value in a software solution that would help them better track and prioritize across different kinds of IT demand. • The industry still struggles with defining the following terms: ◦◦ IT Service ◦◦ Change ◦◦ Application • 57% of respondents thought the ITIL CSI (Continual Service Improvement) Register would be extremely or very valuable to them. • The survey showed a statistically significant relationship between DevOps and Kanban. While only a minority of companies were doing either (28% & 21%), those doing one were highly likely to be doing the other as well. The companies most likely to be doing either practice were concentrated in the high mid-market (2,500 to 9,999 employees). • Additional analysis of respondents considering or implementing DevOps or Kanban showed: ◦◦ They were more likely to be “raising the ceiling” on PMO control (diminishing the authority of their PMO). ◦◦ They were more likely to be aware of situations where poor coordination across IT demand led to poor business support. ◦◦ They were more likely to favor improved prioritization mechanisms. ◦◦ They were more likely to see applications as services (rather than as technical components of services). ◦◦ They were more likely to see a need for the ITIL CSI Register. Page 8 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Conclusions • IT organizations struggle with demand management. • They are open to new approaches and tools for dealing with it. • The relationship between PMO, service desk, and continuous improvement demand is evolving. • The PMO is tracking IT services and requests for new project work are coming in through the service desk. • This interoperation calls for more work in terms of industry best practices, conceptual models, master data management and IT management system integrations. Detailed Findings Detailed demographics are to be found at the end of this section. Project Management The existence of a dedicated PMO is important to an organization’s demand management strategy. How does your overall IT organization handle the management of IT projects? We have a formalized Project Management Office (may have a different name) that’s focused on project portfolio managemen 65% We have no formal organization that’s focused on project portfolio management. 32% Don’t know 3% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Column % Figure 5: The existence of a formal Project Management Office is key to understanding an organization’s demand management strategy. Nearly 1/3 do NOT have a PMO. Page 9 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Which of the following functions is handled through a centralized capability or process of some kind? Project selection and funding 57% Project resource management (assigning employees and hiring contractors) 57% Project prioritization 56% Project execution (tracking and reporting progress) 55% Project issue, risk, and action item tracking 53% Project proposals (sometimes called ideation) 49% Project methodology (required milestones) 44% Project time billing 40% Project auditing 31% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 6: Project activities handled through centralized processes Regardless of whether a PMO (by any name) exists, there are discrete project lifecycle functions for which an organization may or may not have a centralized capability (Figure 6). Most interesting is the gap between centralized project selection and funding, and project time billing. Fully 60% of respondents reported having no capability to track project time billing, which is surprising. This was correlated to the size of the organization, but even in the largest organizations the lack of this capability was surprising. This may indicate usage of other mechanisms for time billing, not tightly coupled to project management infrastructure. Cross analysis showed some peculiarities. We allowed all respondents to answer the question shown in Figure 6, including those who said they had no PMO. All of those who indicated they had no PMO nevertheless indicated they had SOME centralized capability for one or more of the core PMO functions, whether it was ideation, prioritization, funding, or one of the others. Further research is needed to better understand actual practices here. The largest organizations (>10,000) showed a clear tendency to have centralized project funding and resource management capabilities. However, it was the smallest organizations that were most likely to centralize project ideation. Page 10 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Which software solution(s) does your IT organization use for project portfolio management? 47% Microsoft Sharepoint 39% Microsoft Excel 37% Microsoft Project Server 18% IBM Rational 16% Oracle Primavera HP Project and Portfolio Management (formerly Kintana/BTO) In-house developed 13% 13% We do not use a central solution of any kind, and cannot report on projects at an CA Clarity (formerly Niku) 10% 8% BMC IT Business Management 5% Serena ALM 4% Rally Software 4% ServiceNow 3% Nimsoft 3% Planview 2% Other (Please specify) 2% Troux 1% 0% 5% 10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%50% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 7: Project portfolio management solutions The preponderance of Microsoft solutions was a bit surprising. When cross analyzed with the size of company, no significant difference was found. That means that, in this study, a company with revenues of $1 billion was no less likely to use Microsoft products for project portfolio management. In cross analysis, it was noted that organizations with no PMO were more likely to use Microsoft solutions for some tracking, and tended to not use the heavyweight PMO-associated solutions like Planview or HP. However, some use of such solutions was seen occasionally in organizations claiming to have no PMO. Page 11 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management The Decline of the PMO Does a project need to meet a certain budgetary threshold before being tracked by the project portfolio management capability? Yes 47% No 53% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Column % What is that threshold? 4% $0k up to $25k $25k up to $50k 17% 33% $50k up to $200K 16% $200K up to $500K 13% $500K up to $750K 10% $750k up to $1M 1M or more 7% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% Column % How has this threshold changed in the past 3 years? 31% Increased 67% Stayed the same 1% Decreased 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Column % Figure 8a-c.: The changing PMO Page 12 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com 50% 60% 70% 80% Unified IT Demand Management These turned out to be three of the more significant questions. Taken as a whole, they demonstrate that the traditional PMO is losing ground. About half of companies require a PMO to govern project expenditures regardless of their size, but for those who have put in a threshold, that threshold is either stable or (in a significant number of cases) increasing. Essentially, this means that the “radar ceiling” is getting higher and there is potentially less governance over IT work. The ceiling is statistically more likely to have increased in the larger organizations. Further analysis showed it was significantly more likely to have increased in organizations implementing leading-edge Agile practices of DevOps and/or Kanban. In cross analysis, a discrepancy was noted in that nine responders who had previously said they HAD no PMO, still indicated that the PMO was required for projects meeting a certain threshold. Organizations indicating they had a formal “demand management” activity were highly likely to have a budgetary threshold for the PMO, and more likely to have increased that threshold in the last three years. Service Portfolio Management Which statement best reflects your organization’s definition of “IT service”? An “IT service” is an operational production system, and quality is based on availability and flexibility. 22% An “IT service” is something that the service desk provides on request, such as user assistance or new hardware, and qua 30% 48% Both of the above 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Column % Figure 9: Defining IT Service Full text: Which statement best reflects your organization’s definition of “IT service”? • An “IT service” is an operational production system, and quality is based on availability and flexibility. • An “IT service” is something that the service desk provides on request, such as user assistance or new hardware, and quality is based on time to resolve, user satisfaction, and so forth. • Both of the above The purpose of this question was to understand how people defined “IT Service” for further questions on service portfolio management. Notice that, while a plurality accepted both alternatives, for significant numbers of respondents an “IT service” is a production system (perhaps called an “application”) and for others – a full 30%! – “IT services” are ONLY what the service desk does. Page 13 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Which statement best reflects your organization’s definition of “Application” or “Application Service”? An “Application” or “Application Service” is a kind of production IT service and one way that IT provides business value 48% An “Application” is software, a technical component of an IT service and not a service in and of itself. 45% 7% Neither definition fits my organization 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Column % Figure 10: Defining “Application” This question was important due to ongoing industry confusion about whether “Applications” can be “IT Services” or not. This is a controversial question by all reports – it is something the author routinely asks vendors and end users, and it never fails to generate opinions. There is no industry consensus; deep divisions in IT usage are apparent. Discrepancies in usage are apparent in vendor marketing every day, with the more ITIL-aligned vendors tending towards the view that “applications” are merely technical, while more software-centric vendors (SDLC, ALM, Agile, Enterprise Architecture, etc.) tending towards the view that Applications are services. This was confirmed by the research. Respondents indicating implementation of DevOps or Kanban were statistically more likely to see applications as services (Figure 11). Page 14 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Respondents indicating implementation of DevOps or Kanban were statistically more likely to see applications as services. Unified IT Demand Management q11: Which statement best reflects your organization’s definition of “Application” or “Application Service”? Total An “Application” or “Application Service” is a kind of production IT service and one way that IT provides business value An “Application” is software, a technical component of an IT service and not a service in and of itself. Neither definition fits my organization (A) (B) (C) q38: Is your organization considering or implementing the concept of “DevOps”? Sample Size Yes Count Column % 150 72 68 10 43 31 11 1 28.67% 43.06% 16.18% 10.00% Bc No Count 75 26 44 5 50.00% 36.11% 64.71% 50.00% Column % A Don’t know Count 32 15 13 4 21.33% 20.83% 19.12% 40.00% 68 10 Column % q41: Is anyone in your organization considering or using the Lean practice of “kanban”? Sample Size 150 72 Yes Count 32 23 9 0 21.33% 31.94% 13.24% 0.00% Column % Bc No Count Column % 118 49 59 10 78.67% 68.06% 86.76% 100.00% A a Figure 11: Definition of “application” significantly affected by use of DevOps and Kanban (Also see Figure 32a-b, Figure 33a-c) Respondents indicating they had a formal PMO (Figure 5) were also more likely to see applications as services. The largest organizations by revenue ($1 billion or more) were more likely to favor the terminology that applications are services in and of themselves, as were organizations with higher IT budgets and organizations with a formalized PMO. Organizations that tracked IT resources and ticketed activity by service were also more likely to view applications as a form of service (Figure 13, Figure 18). They were more likely to have a formalized “Demand Management’ capability (Figure 28a-b). Finally, they were more likely to identify challenges in prioritization, poor coordination leading to poor business support, and to see value in improved prioritization and solutions supporting it (Figure 29a-b, Figure 30a-b). Page 15 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Which software solution(s) does your IT organization use for service portfolio management? If your organization uses more ... Microsoft Sharepoint Microsoft Excel Microsoft Project Server IBM Tivoli IBM Rational Oracle Primavera We do not use a central solution of any kind, and cannot report onIn-house servicesdeveloped at an HP Service Manager HP Project and Portfolio Management IBM Rational CA Unicenter CA Clarity Nimsoft Serena ALM Digital Fuel Other (Please specify) Planview NewScale BMC IT Business Management BMC Remedy Prosight Pacific Edge 47% 34% 33% 15% 13% 13% 12% 10% 9% 7% 4% 3% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 0% 5% 10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%50% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 12: Service portfolio management products Note: Due to an error in question preparation, “IBM Tivoli” and “IBM Rational” were combined as one product, as were “CA Clarity” and “Nimsoft.” The assumption is that the data indicates use of one or the other by the respondent for this purpose. EMA regrets this error. The results here, while lacking in statistical significance, are nevertheless interesting. The relatively high ranking given to IBM Tivoli was surprising to EMA staff. This ranking was consistent with when solutions for service desk were queried upon (Figure 15). Another notable aspect was the significant number of organizations using project portfolio management solutions for the service portfolio. Page 16 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Service Management (Ticketed) Demand Does your organization formally assign and track resources (personnel hours) by service or application, without the need for a project? 52% Yes No 39% 9% Don’t know 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Column % Figure 13: Resource management by services This is one of the most significant aspects of demand management. If resources cannot be traced back to a service (application, infrastructure, or otherwise), then there are two alternatives: 1. Everything is a “project,” for accounting purposes, and there may be a number of open-ended projects (contrary to standard project management practices, which emphasize that projects have an end date). 2. There is a black hole of visibility for non-project work. It may be tracked at higher organizational levels (purely through organizational rollup of time tracking), but the risk is that without service traceability, this effort may be obscure to the business and the IT organization may be placing itself at risk as an unexplained cost center. Surprisingly, this did not vary by size of organization. Smaller organizations were as likely, or more likely to tie resources to services without a project. Organizations with a formal PMO were more likely also to track resources against services or applications, without the need for a project. Page 17 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Does your IT organization have one or more formalized Service or Help Desk organization(s) that handles ticketed IT work? Yes 85% No 15% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% Column % Figure 14: Formalized service desk We did not expect any surprises here. The vast majority of IT organizations have a formalized service desk. As would be expected, the percentage increased steadily as the size of the organization varied. Which software solution(s) does your IT organization use for its Service or Help Desk? In-house developed solutions Sharepoint IBM Tivoli Service Desk Other (Please specify) HP Service Manager BMC Remedy MS Access CA Unicenter LANDesk FrontRange Hornbill BMC RemedyForce ServiceNow Newscale Nimsoft Manual kanban boards Planview (PPM/SPM/EPM) Serena ITSM 1% 1% 0% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 5% 17% 9% 9% 10% 15% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 15: Service Desk tools Page 18 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com 22% 21% 20% 19% 20% 25% Unified IT Demand Management There were some surprises in this data as well. The variances given the sample size became insignificant, but (as in Figure 12) IBM showed more market share than might be expected. Five respondents, skewing towards smaller organizations, said they use manual Kanban boards. This is notable, given that Kanban is just starting to gain mindshare in development circles and is rarely mentioned in the context of operations. BMC, between the core Remedy suite, RemedyForce, and now the Numara acquisition, would be roughly equivalent to HP in terms of market share. Which of the following kinds of work does your IT organization track within its service desk software? Incidents, outages, breakages, requests for maintenance 77% Problems (root cause analysis) 73% Requests for system access (including password resets) 72% Requests for change 65% Requests for end user equipment 61% Requests for production services (e.g. servers, databases) 61% Other (Please specify) 1% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 16: Types of work tracked by the service desk Notable in these findings were lack of any substantive mention of “other,” the 1% noted were just indicating they didn’t have a service desk. The five categories of work therefore were comprehensive at least to this sample. It was surprising to see such a high percentage for problems as opposed to incidents, and it’s not clear that respondents have a strict ITIL definition in mind. The author questions whether 73% of organizations are truly doing root cause analysis. Page 19 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management How would your organization define “Requests for change”? A Request for change (or Change Request) is a well defined change to a production or preproduction environment, typicall 13% A Request for change may be a request to change the capabilities of a service, that may involve developing and deploying 19% 63% All of the above None of the above 4% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Column % Figure 17: Change definition The full text of the alternatives (truncated in the graphic above due to tool limitations): • A Request for change (or Change Request) is a well-defined change to a production or preproduction environment, typically on a 4 week or less lead time. • A Request for change may be a request to change the capabilities of a service, that may involve developing and deploying new functionality, and may last longer than 4 weeks. • All of the above • None of the above This is an important question, in that it shows the overlap of the Change concept with the software development lifecycle. In some organizations, Changes are restricted to a well-defined, limited lead time window. In others, Changes are more broad. And in yet others, Changes may be either. Further research is needed; EMA analysts are skeptical that 82% of organizations are using their service desks as a front end to their project portfolio. However, other questions reinforced the findings here (see Figure 20). There are considerable implications if the Change process is used to front-end the development lifecycle. It means that Changes become very general and need significant routing effort up front. Some of them will be routed to portfolio management for prioritization and approval. A request for a major new functional module in a production application is very different than a request to power down a server and replace its RAM, yet a generic definition of Change covers both. Minimally, one would expect the requester to self-route to some degree; putting a staff gatekeeper in place to route such obviously different requests would be wasteful. Page 20 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Does your organization assign Service Desk tickets (for example, Incidents, Changes, and-or Service Requests) to one or more production services? Yes, all 38% 42% Yes, some No 17% 3% Don’t know 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% Column % Figure 18: Tickets assigned to production services This question is related to Figure 13. Further analysis showed a valid correlation between organization size and assigning tickets to services. Organizations that do not do so again run the risk of poor transparency. Organizations with a formalized PMO were more likely to tie tickets to production services. Continuous Improvement as Demand As a reminder, continuous improvement work fills the middle ground between full Projects and Service Support work. It represents IT work/activities that are “too small for a project and too big for a service call.” Continuous improvement activities or initiatives may include: • Adding new functionality (typically smaller increments) to existing systems • Problem (but not incident) management (aka root cause analysis) • Capacity management initiatives • Availability management initiatives • Service level management initiatives • Audit, risk, security, and compliance initiatives • Architecture initiatives • Data and/or process quality improvement (business or IT originated) • Improving existing systems, without changing functionality Page 21 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management How are continuous improvement activities tracked within your IT organization? As ticketed items in our Service Desk software solution(s) 46% As projects in our Project Portfolio Management software solution(s) 42% As work in an Application Lifecycle Management solution 27% In end user productivity tools 27% Through their own dedicated production systems 25% They are not tracked to my knowledge Other (Please specify) 20% 1% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 19: How continuous improvement is tracked Organizations with a formal PMO were more likely to use the project portfolio tool for continuous improvement tracking. Page 22 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management You have indicated that some continuous improvement activities are tracked as/through ticketed items in our Service Desk software solution(s) Adding new functionality (typically smaller increments) to existing systems 62% Problem (but not incident) management (e.g. root cause analysis or proactive measures) 57% Data and/or process quality improvement (business or IT originated) 49% Improving existing systems, without changing functionality 48% Audit, risk, security, and compliance initiatives 46% Service level management 42% Architecture initiatives 41% 38% Capacity management 36% Availability management 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 20: Continuous improvement in service desk The findings are again surprising, but consistent with Figure 17, that the organizations surveyed to a great extent do use their service desks to track requests for new functionality. Page 23 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management You have indicated that some continuous improvement activities are tracked as/through projects in our Project Portfolio Management solution Adding new functionality (typically smaller increments) to existing systems 63% Improving existing systems, without changing functionality 59% Data and/or process quality improvement (business or IT originated) 52% Problem (but not incident) management (e.g. root cause analysis or proactive measures) 51% Architecture initiatives 48% Audit, risk, security, and compliance initiatives 41% Service level management 35% Capacity management 33% Availability management 33% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 21: Continuous improvement in PPM What is surprising across Figure 20 and Figure 21 is the fact that new, small-increment functionality is being tracked in both Service Desk and Project Portfolio systems. Interfaces between these systems are still not all that common, so the implementation practices here are not clear and further research would be useful. Page 24 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management You have indicated that some continuous improvement activities are tracked as/through work in an Application Lifecycle Management Solution Data and/or process quality improvement (business or IT originated) 65% Availability management 60% Audit, risk, security, and compliance initiatives 60% Adding new functionality (typically smaller increments) to existing systems 50% Service level management 45% Improving existing systems, without changing functionality 45% 42% Capacity management Problem (but not incident) management (e.g. root cause analysis or proactive measures) 38% Architecture initiatives 38% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 22: Continuous improvement in ALM Application lifecycle management is a sometimes controversial term for a category of software that includes the SDLC but tends also to interface with release management and service portfolio management. What is surprising is the degree to which availability management was cited, but given that ALM systems were only 27% of the sample, we start getting into numbers that aren’t statistically meaningful. Page 25 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management You have indicated that some continuous improvement activities are tracked as/through end user productivity tools. Problem (but not incident) management (e.g. root cause analysis or proactive measures) 57% Improving existing systems, without changing functionality 52% Data and/or process quality improvement (business or IT originated) 50% Capacity management 48% Service level management 48% Availability management 45% Audit, risk, security, and compliance initiatives 45% Adding new functionality (typically smaller increments) to existing systems 45% Architecture initiatives 35% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 23: Continuous improvement in EUC EUC tools were used by a minority of respondents for continuous improvement. Problem management ranked highest here, which is somewhat surprising given that most service desk solutions have some support for it. Page 26 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management You have indicated that some continuous improvement activities are tracked as/through their own dedicated production system. Audit, risk, security, and compliance initiatives 49% Service level management 46% Data and/or process quality improvement (business or IT originated) 46% Adding new functionality (typically smaller increments) to existing systems 46% Improving existing systems, without changing functionality 46% Capacity management 43% Architecture initiatives 41% Problem (but not incident) management (e.g. root cause analysis or proactive measures) 35% Availability management 30% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 24: Continuous improvement in dedicated system It’s not surprising that audit, risk, security, and compliance, and service level management were ranked highly here. Although neither is a robust tool segment, EMA staff have seen custom solutions built for both these capabilities. Considering Figure 19 through Figure 24 as a whole, it’s also interesting in general the extent to which data and process quality improvement were ranked highly. Page 27 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management The next question had the following discussion: ITIL 2011 proposes the CSI Register as a system of record for “all improvement opportunities.” It would enable tracking benefits and assist in prioritizing improvement opportunities. It would be integrated with other IT knowledge management and information repositories. How valuable would such a system be for your organization? ITIL 2011 proposes the CSI Register as a system of record for “all improvement opportunities.” It would enable tracking benefits and assist in prioritizing improvement opportunities. It would be integrated with other IT knowledge management and informatio 12% Extremely valuable Very valuable 45% 30% Moderately valuable 9% Slightly valuable 4% Not at all valuable 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% Column % Figure 25: ITIL CSI Register The concept of the ITIL CSI register is consistent with other emerging industry guidance [4] and EMA believes that, in the abstract, it is a good idea. Whether the market can accept yet another IT management system is a different question, and since the CSI register basically just requires workflow technology, EMA believes it can easily be subsumed into either ticketing or project systems. More important than tooling is the cultural awareness among IT practitioners that continuous improvement is an important form of demand and needs to be tracked and prioritized just like projects and work orders. This becomes more and more apparent as organizations deepen their commitment to Page 28 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management methodologies like the Deming cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act) or Six Sigma’s DMAIC (Define-MeasureAnalyze-Improve-Control). These high maturity approaches require great consistency and followthrough on the part of organizations; improvement initiatives must be tracked over time and not handled episodically. Organizations with a formal PMO, or implementing or considering Kanban or DevOps, were statistically more likely to see greater value in the CSI Register concept. The following text was presented for the next question: For the purposes of this survey, Informal Demand is defined as: • Work is informal if and only if identifying it requires interviewing those involved. • Work is formal if and only if it can identified (e.g., reported on) without directly interviewing those involved. • A phone request directly from an end user to a support person, and not entered into any system, is informal demand. • Work tracked in any production system is by definition formalized. Any kind of IT work (project, service support, continuous improvement) may be formal or informal. Prioritization How often do your IT resources find themselves challenged or needing guidance in prioritizing across formal versus informal demand? 11% Frequently 39% Often 33% Sometimes 16% Seldom 1% Never 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% Column % Figure 26: Formal vs. informal demand This question is fairly general and will start to show value over time if tracked longitudinally. As it is, it lacks some context. However, it’s still notable that half of respondents opted for the higher values. This is consistent with other responses in the survey. Further analysis showed that organizations saying this problem happens “frequently” or “often” required projects to meet a budgetary threshold (Figure 8a-c).: The changing PMO8), and were more likely to formally assign resources to a service or application without a project (Figure 13). Organizations saying Page 29 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management “frequently” were also likely to identify an “IT Service” as strictly a production system (Figure 9), and strongly likely to see value in the idea of the ITIL CSI Register (Figure 25). They were somewhat more likely to have a formal “Demand Management” capability and strongly likely to • indicate that IT resources were also challenged in prioritizing across formal demand • be aware of situations where poor prioritization led to poor business support (Figure 29a-b) • favor improving prioritization, and • see a software solution enabling prioritization as valuable (Figure 30a-b) Which of the following IT functions interact directly with business users in helping to assess, respond to, and/or coordinate the business users’ need for new, changed, and/ or ongoing IT services? Help desk 53% IT strategic planning 43% Service desk 43% IT customer relationship management 38% Incident, problem, availability, and/or service level management Application management 38% 32% Change management 31% IT or service portfolio management 30% Business relationship management 25% Enterprise architecture 22% Project portfolio management 21% Office of the CIO 20% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 27: Customer facing IT functions The above question (Figure 27) was asked to assess what organizations used for customer support at all levels of the organization. Notable: • Change management appearing as a customer-facing capability • Enterprise architecture appearing as a customer-facing capability • At least 20% of organizations have an “Office of the CIO,” a staff or coordination function for the IT capability as a whole Page 30 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management The following text was presented to respondents for the next set of questions. For the purposes of this survey, “IT Demand Management” is defined as the formal tracking, prioritization, and coordination of all requests for work that are directed to the IT organization. It is the sum total of project, service desk, and “improvement” work undertaken by the IT organization, whether at the request of an external party or generated internally by the IT organization. IT Demand Management is broken down into three major categories: • Project work-traditionally handled by a Project Management Organization (PMO) • Ticketed work-traditionally handled by the Service Desk • Continuous improvement work-handled in various ways across IT Does your IT organization have any process, activity, practice, or function called “IT Demand Management”? Yes 31% 69% No 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% Column % What IT activities does it handle? IT Financial Management 43% IT or service portfolio management 40% IT strategic planning 40% 38% IT customer relationship management Incident, problem, availability, and/or service level management Business relationship management 36% 34% Application management 32% Change management 32% Project portfolio management 32% Continuous improvement groups 32% Enterprise architecture 30% Infrastructure capacity management 30% 30% Service request management Service/help desk 26% Business process management 26% 0% 10% 20% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 28a-b: Formal demand management Page 31 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com 30% 40% 50% Unified IT Demand Management The purpose of these questions is to understand what the words “Demand Management” mean in practice to respondents. Notably, most respondents do NOT actually have a practice by this name. That means, to some extent, the market may be greenfield – there is not a firm industry consensus on what the term means. Since only 31% of respondents said yes, the differences between the responses in Figure 28b are not statistically significant, but it was surprising that IT Financial Management placed so highly. Clearly, it is associated with Demand Management in some organizations. This was unexpected, as Demand Management in EMA’s experience is more closely associated either with project portfolio, or with infrastructure capacity (which ranked much lower in this data)1. A majority of organizations implementing or considering DevOps or Kanban had a formally-titled “Demand Management” capability, although what that capability actually DOES varied for that subset as well (no activity listed was dominant). Organizations with a PMO were also more likely to have a formalized Demand Management activity. Organizations with the highest sales revenues (>$1bn) were much more likely to have a formalized Demand Management organization, and NO governmental agencies reported having one (Figure 40). However, the size of company as measured by employees in general did not determine whether there was a formal Demand Management capability Figure 36. Size of IT budget did show some correlation (Figure 41). Organizations with a formal Demand Management capability were more likely to have a centralized ideation process, centralized project methodology, and centralized time billing (Figure 6). They were far more likely to have a formal Project Management Office (Figure 5). They were far more likely to require a budgetary threshold for PMO coverage and somewhat more likely to have had this threshold increase (Figure 8a-c). Organizations with a formal Demand Management capability were much more likely to see “applications” as services in and of themselves (Figure 10), and to track resources by service or application (Figure 13). 1 Page 32 Earlier versions of ITIL used Demand Management exclusively in the sense of infrastructure capacity. ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management How often do your IT resources find themselves challenged or needing guidance in prioritizing across the different types of formal demand they are receiving (project, service desk, improvement activities)? Frequently 13% Often 31% Sometimes 37% Seldom 17% Never 2% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% Column % Are you aware of situations where poor coordination across different types of IT demand has led to poor support of business needs? Yes 66% No 34% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Column % Figure 29a-b: Demand prioritization graphically demonstrates the business impact of this problem Organizations with a PMO were more likely to see resources frequently or often challenged in prioritization, and poor coordination leading to business impact. Conversely, organizations reporting poor prioritization leading to business impact were more likely to have a formalized PMO. Page 33 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management For your organization, how important is it to improve prioritization across the different kinds of demand for IT work (e.g. projects, operations, and improvement activities)? Extremely Important 20% Very Important 42% Moderately Important 26% Slightly Important 9% Not at all Important 3% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% Column % If there was a software solution that would help you better track and prioritize across the different kinds of IT demand (e.g. software development versus operations), in your opinion, how valuable would such a solution be to your IT organization? Extremely Valuable 13% 49% Very Valuable Moderately Valuable 25% Slightly Valuable 10% Not at all Valuable 3% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Column % Figure 30a-b: Importance and value of improved prioritization Figure 30a-b again are more subjective questions, but it’s still notable the clear 62% majorities for the top two alternatives. These seem to indicate a maturing market need. Organizations with a PMO were more likely to see the value in a software solution that would help them better track and prioritize across different kinds of IT demand. Page 34 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Keeping in mind your IT organization’s needs, which of the following should a unified IT demand solution manage? 55% Changes Service requests and work orders 53% Incidents 53% 52% Project issues, risks, and action items Project milestones and deliverables 46% Problems/root cause analysis work 46% Infrastructure provisioning requests 41% Service Level Management issues and opportunities 41% Releases 39% Capacity or availability issues 39% Resource assignments to projects 37% Process or data quality improvement efforts 37% Generic “improvement opportunities” 33% Architectural assessments 33% Audit items and responses 32% Enterprise risks and responses (generally) 30% Agile “user stories” (small increments of new functionality) 17% Other (Please specify) 2% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 31: What should demand management cover? It’s not surprising in Figure 31 that Changes are at the top of the list, since this survey has repeatedly shown that respondents use the term “Change” to indicate significant changes in functionality to a system, and imply that Changes may gateway just as easily into Project Portfolio Management (Figure 17 and Figure 20). If Changes are understood this way, their combination with service requests/work orders, project issues, risks, and action items, and project milestones and deliverables would indicate a truly cross-silo set of functionality. Continuous improvement activities seem to be prioritized lower, in general, and Agile “user stories” have notably small response. Page 35 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Organizations with no PMO were consistently much more likely to specify any number of the above use cases, while organizations with PMO were less likely to see a need for the solution to manage any specific use case, with the exception of Service Level Management issues. The Agile Trends Is your organization considering or implementing the concept of “DevOps”? 29% Yes 50% No 21% Don’t know 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Column % Do you believe your current IT management systems can support this move? Yes 84% 12% No Don’t know 5% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% Column % Figure 32a-b: DevOps? DevOps, from very obscure origins just a few years ago, is now recognized by 30% of respondents. Interestingly, a statistically valid plurality of these respondents were concentrated in companies with employees between 2,500 and 9,999. One conjecture is that DevOps takes root more easily in companies big enough to feel the pain of slow releases, and yet small enough to be agile in doing something about it. Respondents to Figure 32b who did NOT feel their systems were ready cited poor integration between development and operations systems, and immature automated deployment capabilities. Page 36 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Is anyone in your organization considering or using the Lean practice of “kanban”? Yes 21% No 79% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% Column % Which areas in your organization are considering or using it? Software development 66% Operations 59% 44% Service desk 38% Infrastructure engineering 3% Other (Please specify) 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Which kanban approach are you using? Manual (e.g. white boards and sticky notes) 66% 50% Automated 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 33a-c: Kanban Note: Figure 33c should have had a “don’t know” option, for consistency with the DevOps question. Page 37 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management Finally, Kanban is making headway as well in one-fifth of the organizations surveyed. Like DevOps, the clear plurality was in companies between 2,500 and 9,999. It was surprising to see the variety of use cases Kanban is being applied to, as it is best known for its use in software development (and even there is a leading edge practice). Applications in Operations, Service Desk, and Infrastructure Engineering were all noted. Kanban, DevOps, and Prioritization Organizations implementing DevOps were also statistically more likely to be considering or using Kanban and vice versa. Statistically, those implementing or considering DevOps or Kanban were both more likely to: • Have seen situations where poor coordination has led to poor support of business needs. • See the improvement of prioritization across different channels of IT demand as “extremely important.” Organizations with a PMO were more likely to also be considering or implementing DevOps or Kanban. This may be due to a third variable such as organization size. Demographics Which of the following best describes your role in the organization? CIO-CTO (IT Executive Management) 21% IT-related Manager-Supervisor (or Equivalent) 16% IT-related Administrator 15% IT-related Director (or Equivalent) 15% IT-related Systems Analyst-ProgrammerEngineer 11% Infrastructure Engineer (network-systems) 5% IT-related Project-Program Manager 5% IT-related Vice President (or Equivalent) 4% 3% IT-related Software Engineer-Developer IT-related Architect 2% IT-security Manager 2% IT-security Operations Staff 1% IT-related Business Analyst 1% 0% 5% Column % Figure 34: Organization role Page 38 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com 10% 15% 20% 25% Unified IT Demand Management Which of the following best describes the department or functional area in which you work? IT-IS-Network 84% Manufacturing-Production-Distribution 5% Customer Service or Support-Technical Support 4% Executive-Corporate-General ManagementAdministration 3% Communications-Telecommunications 2% Engineering-R&D 2% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% Column % You have indicated that IT-IS-Network best describes the department or area in which you work. Within this area, which g... 36% Executive IT Management 11% Service Desk, Service Support, Help Desk IT Operations Planning-Design 7% IT Architecture 7% Operations – Data Center 7% Applications Development 6% Project-Program Management 6% IT Financial Management 4% Business Analysis 4% Operations – Network Operations Center (NOC) 4% Cross-domain Support Organization for IT 4% Security 3% Cross-domain Service Delivery organization 2% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% Column % Figure 35a-b: Functional area/sub-area Page 39 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management How many employees are in your company worldwide? 250 - 499 9% 16% 500 - 999 1,000 - 2,499 23% 2,500 - 4,999 14% 5,000 - 9,999 13% 10,000 - 19,999 10% 15% 20,000 or more 0% 5% 10% 15% Column % Figure 36: Number of employees Page 40 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com 20% 25% Unified IT Demand Management What is your role in IT-related work as defined as service support? Hands-on, directly involved 29% Direct managerial oversight 19% Overall executive oversight 18% Indirectly involved as a manager- executive 15% Directly involved as a planner 9% Indirectly involved as a technical professional 9% Not in any way involved, just aware 1% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% Column % What is your role in IT-related work as defined as IT Projects and-or Project Portfolio Management? Hands-on, directly involved 31% Overall executive oversight 22% Direct managerial oversight 19% Directly involved as a planner 14% Not in any way involved, just aware 6% 5% Indirectly involved as a technical professional Indirectly involved as a manager- executive 3% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% Column % What is your role in IT-related work as defined as continuous improvement? Hands-on, directly involved 28% Direct managerial oversight 23% Overall executive oversight 15% Directly involved as a planner 14% Indirectly involved as a technical professional 9% 7% Indirectly involved as a manager- executive Not in any way involved, just aware 3% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% Column % Figure 37a-c: Roles in service support, project mgmt. continuous improvement Page 41 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com 30% Unified IT Demand Management Which of the following best describes your company’s primary industry? Manufacturing - All Other (Not Computer or Networking Related) 21% 12% Government Education 11% Finance-Banking-Insurance 10% Healthcare-Medical-Pharmaceutical 9% Retail-Wholesale-Distribution 9% Professional Services – All Other (Not Computer or Networking Related) 7% 6% Transportation-Airlines-Trucking-Rail 3% Non-Profit-Not for Profit Aerospace-Defense 2% Media: Publishing-Broadcasting 2% Telecommunications 2% Consulting - All Other (Not Computer or Networking Related) 1% Hospitality-Entertainment-Recreation-Travel 1% Marketing-Advertising-PR Agency-Market Research 1% Oil-Gas-Chemicals 1% Utilities-Energy 1% Other (Please specify) 1% 0% 5% Column % Figure 38: Primary industry Page 42 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com 10% 15% 20% 25% Unified IT Demand Management In which region is your corporate headquarters located? North America 96% Europe-Middle East-Africa (EMEA) 3% Asia-Pacific (APAC) 1% Rest of World 1% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% Column % Figure 39: Region What is your organization's annual sales revenue? Less than $1 Million 0% $1 Million to under $5 Million 3% $5 Million to under $20 Million 10% 13% $20 Million to under $100 Million $100 Million to under $1 Billion 25% $1 Billion or more 26% Not applicable, I work for a government or non-profit agency 12% Don’t know 11% 0% 5% 10% Column % Figure 40: Sales revenue Page 43 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com 15% 20% 25% 30% Unified IT Demand Management What is your organization's annual IT budget? Less than $1 million 9% $1 million to less than $5 million 19% $5 million to less than $10 million 13% $10 million to less than $25 million 7% $25 million to less than $50 million 11% $50 million to less than $100 million 13% $100 million or more 9% Don't know 19% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% 20% Column % Figure 41: IT budget What was the percentage increase or decrease of your organization’s annual IT budget from last year to this year? Increased more than 75% 2% Increased between 50% and 75% 5% Increased between 25% and 50% 28% Increased between 10% and 25% 16% Increased less than 10% 34% Stayed the same 7% Decreased less than 10% 4% Decreased between 10% and 25% 1% Decreased between 25% and 50% Decreased between 50% and 75% Decreased more than 75% 3% Don’t know 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 Column % Figure 42: Increase/decrease Page 44 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 Unified IT Demand Management For which of the following IT technologies or initiatives do you have direct involvement in or a working knowledge of a... Systems Management 63% Application Management 55% Network Management 53% Security 53% Service Desk/Help Desk 51% Virtualization 51% IT Service Management (ITSM) 50% Storage 49% Change and Configuration Management 47% IT Governance/Risk/Compliance Management 47% Software Development 46% IT Asset Management/Financial Management 45% Capacity Planning and Optimization 37% Business Service Management (BSM) 34% Configuration Management Database (CMDB) 31% Service Portfolio Planning/Service Catalog 31% Cross-domain Automation (e.g. run book, IT process automation) 25% None of the above 3% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% % Valid Cases (Mentions / Valid Cases) Figure 43: Technology knowledge Page 45 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com Unified IT Demand Management About Nimsoft Nimsoft is a global leader in IT Management-as-a-Service. The company’s lightweight ITMaaS solutions make it easy for enterprises and service providers to implement comprehensive, adaptable monitoring and service desk capabilities essential for managing today’s dynamic computing environments. Learn more at www.nimsoft.com. References 1. Betz, C.T., Architecture and Patterns for IT: Service and Portfolio Management and Governance (Making Shoes for the Cobbler’s Children), 2nd Edition. 2011, Amsterdam: Elsevier/Morgan Kaufman. 2. Goldratt, E.M., Critical chain. 1997, Great Barrington, Ma.: North River. 246 p. 3. Anderson, D.J., Kanban: Successful Evolutionary Change for your Technology Business. 2010, Sequim, WA: Blue Hole Press. 4. Carri, D. Integrated Compliance, Quality, and Process Management System. BPTrends Advisor, 2011. About Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. Founded in 1996, Enterprise Management Associates (EMA) is a leading industry analyst firm that provides deep insight across the full spectrum of IT and data management technologies. EMA analysts leverage a unique combination of practical experience, insight into industry best practices, and in-depth knowledge of current and planned vendor solutions to help its clients achieve their goals. Learn more about EMA research, analysis, and consulting services for enterprise line of business users, IT professionals and IT vendors at www.enterprisemanagement.com or blogs.enterprisemanagement.com. You can also follow EMA on Twitter or Facebook. This report in whole or in part may not be duplicated, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or retransmitted without prior written permission of Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All opinions and estimates herein constitute our judgement as of this date and are subject to change without notice. Product names mentioned herein may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective companies. “EMA” and “Enterprise Management Associates” are trademarks of Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. in the United States and other countries. ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. EMA™, ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATES®, and the mobius symbol are registered trademarks or common-law trademarks of Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. Corporate Headquarters: 5777 Central Avenue, Suite 105 Boulder, CO 80301 Phone: +1 303.543.9500 Fax: +1 303.543.7687 www.enterprisemanagement.com 2459.043012 Page 46 ©2012 Enterprise Management Associates, Inc. All Rights Reserved. | www.enterprisemanagement.com