Health FM.qxd 9/14/2004 6:53 PM Page vii List of Entries Accommodation: contingency theory Account executive Account manager/account management Activism Actuality Advance Advertising Advertising equivalency Africa, practice of public relations in Age of deference (end of) Agenda Online Agenda-setting theory Ailes, Roger Eugene Alumni relations Annual community reports Annual financial report Annual health, safety, and environment (HSE) reports Antecedents of modern public relations AP style Apologia theory APR Asia, practice of public relations in Attribution theory Australia and New Zealand, practice of public relations in Backgrounder Baker, Joseph Varney Barkelew, Ann H. Barnum, P. T. Bateman, J. Carroll Battle of the currents Baxter, Leone, and Whitaker, Clem Beat Beeman, Alice L. Benchmarking Berlowe, Phyllis Bernays, Edward Best practices Bill stuffer Bio Black, Sam Block, Ed Bogart, Judith S. Boulwarism Boxed print Brand equity and branding Bridge Brochure Burson, Harold Business Wire Byline Byoir, Carl Campaign Canada, practice of public relations in Caption/cutline Case study Cause-related marketing Chaos and complexity theory Chase issue management cycles Chase, W. Howard Chat Circulation Citizens advisory committees/panels Client Client/agency relationships Clip (news clip) and clipping services Coalition building Co-creation of meaning theory Codes of ethics Codes of public relations practice Collaborative decision making Collateral College and university public relations Colorado Coal Strike Commercial online service Commercial speech Committee on Public Information Commodifying information Communication audit and auditing Communication management Communication technologies Communitarianism Community and community building Community relations Composing/composition Confederation Europeenne des Relations Publiques (CERP) Conflict resolution Constructionism theory Consumer/customer relations Content analysis Contingency theory Control Co-optation Co-orientation theory Copy Copyright Corporate image Corporate moral conscience Corporate social responsibility Counseling Credits Crisis and crisis management vii Health FM.qxd 9/14/2004 6:53 PM Page viii viii———Encyclopedia of Public Relations Crisis communication Crisis communications and the Tylenol poisonings Critical theory Cultivation theory Cultural topoi Culture Cutlip, Scott M. Davis, Elmer, and the Office of War Information Deadline Decision theory Defamation (libel and slander) Demographics Deontology De-positioning Dialogue Differentiation Diffusion of innovations theory Digital Age/digitization Direct mail Discourse theory Discussion board Doublespeak Dramatism and dramatism theory Drobis, David Druckenmiller, Robert T. Dudley, Pendleton EDGAR Online Editing Editor and publisher Editorial Ellsworth, James Drummond Employee communication Encroachment theory Endorsement Enlightenment and modernity Entertainment industry publicity/promotion Environmental groups Environmental scanning Epley, Joe Ethics of public relations Europe, practice of public relations in Event Evolution of publicity agencies Excellence theory Executive management Experiment/experimental methods External publications Exxon and the Valdez crisis Fact sheet Fantasy theme analysis theory FAQs Feature Federal Communications Commission Federal Trade Commission Feminization theory Flack Flame Fleischman, Doris Elsa Flier Focus group Follower/member newsletter Font Formative research Four-Minute Men Frame Framing theory Frede, Ralph E. Free market system Free speech Freelance writers Functions of public relations Fundraising Game theory Gantt chart Gatekeepers Ghostwriting Goals Golin, Al Goodwill Government relations Graphics Gregg, Dorothy Griswold, Denny Gross impressions Hammond, George Health Belief Model Hearing Hill, John Wiley Hold and Hold for release Home page Hood, Caroline Hoog, Thomas W. Hotline Howlett, E. Roxie Human interest Hunter, Barbara W. Hype Hyperlink Identification Image Image restoration theory Impression management theory Impressions Industrial barons (of the 1870s–1920s) Infomercial Information integration theory Information retrieval system Information society Institute of Public Relations (IPR) Insull, Samuel Integrated marketing communication Intercultural communication theory Internal communication International Association of Business Communicators (IABC) International Public Relations Association Internship Interpersonal communication theory Interview as a communication tool Interview as research tool Investigative journalism Investor relations Involvement Issue Management Council Issues management Jaffe, Lee K. Kaiser, Inez Y. Kassewitz, Ruth B. Kendrix, Moss Labor union public relations Laurie, Marilyn Layout Learning theory Lee, Ivy Legitimacy and legitimacy gap Lesly, Phillip Lobbying Lobsenz, Amelia Localize Logo Lucky Strike Green Campaign Management theory Managing the corporate public relations department Market share Marketing Health FM.qxd 9/14/2004 6:53 PM Page ix List of Entries———ix Marketplace of ideas Material information Matrixing/matrix management Mean and median Measuring/measures Media calls Media conferences Media effects Media mix strategies Media networks Media relations Media release Mentoring Minorities in public relations Mission and vision statements Modernity and postmodernity Moral development Moral philosophy Motivation theory Muckrakers (and the Age of Progressivism) Multimedia Mutually beneficial relationships Narrative theory Narrowcasting/broadcasting National Black Public Relations Society (NBPRS) National Investor Relations Institute Network theory New business development News and newsworthy News services News story Newsletter Newsom, Earl Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) Nonprofit organizations Objectives Oeckl, Albert Online public relations Op-ed Openness Opportunity and threat Organizational identity and persona Page, Arthur W. Pamphlet Parent/student newsletter Parke, Isobel Parker, George Paster, Howard G. Penney, Pat Perjury Perspectivism theory Persuasion theory PERT Chart Philanthropy Photo-op Pitch letter Plank, Betsy Political action committees (PACs) Political speech Portfolio Position and positioning Postcolonialism theory and public relations Power resource management theory PR Newswire PR Watch Practice Presidential press secretaries Press agentry Press kit Privatizing public opinion (and “publictizing” private opinion) Proactivity and reactivity Process research Professional and professionalism ProfNet Program/action plans Promotion Propaganda Psychographics Psychological processing Public affairs Public Affairs Council Public health campaign Public interest Public opinion and opinion leaders Public policy planning Public relations Public relations agency Public relations department Public relations education, history of Public Relations Field Dynamics (PRFD) Public relations research Public Relations Society of America Public Relations Student Society of America Public sector Public service announcements (PSAs) Public sphere (Öffentlichkeit) Public sphere discourse Publicist Publicity Publicly held companies Publics Puffery Pyramid style Qualitative research Quantitative research Race and crisis communication Railroad industry in the 19th century Reach Regulated monopolies Reinforcement theory Relationship management theory Reliability Reputation management Research goals Research objectives Return on investment Rhetorical theory Risk communication Roberts, Rosalee A. Ross, Thomas J. “Tommy” Rules theory Sampling Sandbagging Scales Schoonover, Jean Search engine Securities and Exchange Commission Segmentation Semiotics theory Situation analysis Situation ethics Situational theory of publics Smith, Rea Social construction of reality theory Social exchange theory Social movement theory Society Sonnenberg, Ben Sound bite South Africa, practice of public relations in Speakers bureaus Speechwriting Spin Spiral of silence theory Sports promotion Stakeholder theory Health FM.qxd 9/14/2004 6:53 PM Page x x———Encyclopedia of Public Relations Stakes Statistical analysis Stewardship of large organizations Straight news Strain Strategic business planning Strategic partnerships Strategies Stylebook Subjective expected utilities theory Survey Sweden, practice of public relations in Symbolic interactionism theory Symmetry Systems theory Tactics Tag Target Theory of reasoned action Theory-based practice Third-party endorsement Trade associations (and Hill & Knowlton’s role in) Transtheoretical model of behavior change Travel and tourism public relations Traverse-Healy, Tim Trust Two-step flow theory Two-way and one-way communication United States government and public relations Uses and gratifications theory Utilitarianism Uncertainty reduction theory United Kingdom, practice of public relations in Zones of meaning Vail, Theodore Newton Validity Voter and constituent relations Warfare and public relations Web site Wire service Women in public relations Writing