Fadi Yamani
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XML Fadi Yamani What is XML? 2 ¨ XML stands for Extensible Markup Language . It is a markup language much like HTML and it’s used to describe data. Java= Portable Programs XML= Portable Data What is Markup language? 3 ¨ ¨ ¨ Markup language is combination of words and symbols, this combination give us instruction and formatting for the page layout. The most advantages of this kind of language is that it’s written within a text file, and the concept of this language is not limited to computer programming. A good and well known example of this kind of language is HTML, XML. What is XML? 4 ¨ ¨ XML does not specify the tag set or grammar of the language. A simple text editor well do the job, the user can defined his own tags, it is self descriptive. ¨ XML is a plain text with tags enclosed in angle brackets. ¨ The XML document is easily creatable, visible and modifiable. (Purpose) why use XML? 5 ¨ ¨ Reusability XML allow us to easily reuse our web sites and services. (Purpose) why use XML? 6 ¨ ¨ Adapting the data which is used in our websites or service for future needs can be easily done by using XML, it could be easily transformed to a new data format to build a new services from our existing data. XML also serves as a common platform for the transmission and sharing of data between separate systems, allowing the rapid development of Web services that query, retrieve and share data among many sources. (Purpose) why use XML? 7 How XML do that? ¨ Using XML related technologies (including XSLT, XQL, SGML, W3C, HTML, SAX, DOM, JDOM) allowed us to transform documents between other incompatible formats, present the data in a specific format and style and it make it easy to querying data from other resources. (Purpose) why use XML? 8 (Key Features) Why XML Is So Important? 9 ¨ Plain Text In XML it is easy to create and edit files with anything from a standard text editor to a visual development environment. ¨ Data Identification The markup tags in XML documents identify the information and break up the data into parts. (Key Features) Why XML Is So Important? 10 ¨ XML make data sharing easy Data could be found in a different formats in the databases and computer systems. XML data is stored in plain text format. This provides a software- and hardware-independent way of storing data. This makes it much easier to create data that can be shared by different applications. (Key Features) Why XML Is So Important? 11 ¨ XML makes data exchange easer Exchanging data between different systems over the Internet is one of the most time consuming operations for users. Exchanging data as XML greatly reduces this complexity, since the data can be read by different incompatible applications. (Key Features) Why XML Is So Important? 12 ¨ XML simplifies system upgrading changing platform to new systems is always time consuming, large amounts of data must be converted and incompatible data is often lost. XML data is stored in text format. This makes it easier to expand or upgrade to new operating systems, new applications, or new browsers, without losing data. Important parts, annotations or methods 13 ¨ Relationship between XML elements is much like parent and children. Important parts, annotations or methods 14 ¨ Imagine that this xml document is a description of an e-mail: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <E-mail> <To>Fadi</To> <From>Ali</From> <Subject>Surprise....</Subject> <Body>Be ready for next Friday</Body> </E-mail> ¨ ¨ ¨ Here, E-mail is the root element. To, From, Subject and Body are the child elements of the E-mail , at the same time they are siblings because they have the same parentage This concludes that all the XML Elements have relationships. Important parts, annotations or methods 15 ¨ The XML declaration: ¨ Always the first line in the xml document. The XML declaration should always be included at the first line in the xml document. It defines the XML version and the character encoding used in the document. In this case the document conforms to the 1.0 specification of XML and uses the ISO-8859-1 (Latin-1/West European) character set. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> Important parts, annotations or methods 16 ¨ Root Element: The next line defines the first element of the document. <E-mail> ¨ Child Elements: The next lines describe the children elements of the root (To, From, Subject and Body). <To>Fadi</To> <From>Ali</From> <Subject>Surprise....</Subject> <Body>Be ready for next friday</Body> ¨ And finally the last line defines the end of the root element. </E-mail> Important parts, annotations or methods 17 ¨ All XML elements must have a closing tag In XML all the elements must have a closing tag like this: <To>Rohan</To> <From>Amit</From> ¨ XML tags are case sensitive XML tags are case sensitive. The tag <To> is different from the tag <to>.Hence the opening and closing tags must be written with the same case: <To>Rohan</To> <to>Rohan</to> Important parts, annotations or methods 18 ¨ XML Documents Must Have a Root Element All XML documents must contain a single tag pair to define a root element. All other elements must be written within this root element. All elements can have sub elements called as child elements. Sub elements must be correctly nested within their parent element: <root> <child> <subchild>.....</subchild> </child> </root> Role in Web Services 19 ¨ ¨ ¨ XML and Web Services common language for information interchange between services and clients. Defining Web services operations. References 20 ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ Sams Teach Yourself XML in 24 Hours, Third Edition Learning XML 2nd Edition OReilly Processing XML with Java Elliotte Rusty Harold's Sun page on XML and Java (http://java.sun.com/xml/) J2EE and XML development Kurta Gabrick, David Weiss Code examples (http:// www.roseindia.net/)
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